Changeset 97 for palm/trunk/DOC/app


Ignore:
Timestamp:
Jun 21, 2007 8:23:15 AM (17 years ago)
Author:
raasch
Message:

New:
---
ocean version including prognostic equation for salinity and equation of state for seawater. Routine buoyancy can be used with both temperature and density.
+ inipar-parameters bc_sa_t, bottom_salinityflux, ocean, sa_surface, sa_vertical_gradient, sa_vertical_gradient_level, top_salinityflux

advec_s_bc, average_3d_data, boundary_conds, buoyancy, check_parameters, data_output_2d, data_output_3d, diffusion_e, flow_statistics, header, init_grid, init_3d_model, modules, netcdf, parin, production_e, prognostic_equations, read_var_list, sum_up_3d_data, swap_timelevel, time_integration, user_interface, write_var_list, write_3d_binary

New:
eqn_state_seawater, init_ocean

Changed:


inipar-parameter use_pt_reference renamed use_reference

hydro_press renamed hyp, routine calc_mean_pt_profile renamed calc_mean_profile

format adjustments for the ocean version (run_control)

advec_particles, buoyancy, calc_liquid_water_content, check_parameters, diffusion_e, diffusivities, header, init_cloud_physics, modules, production_e, prognostic_equations, run_control

Errors:


Bugfix: height above topography instead of height above level k=0 is used for calculating the mixing length (diffusion_e and diffusivities).

Bugfix: error in boundary condition for TKE removed (advec_s_bc)

advec_s_bc, diffusion_e, prognostic_equations

Location:
palm/trunk/DOC/app
Files:
2 added
12 edited

Legend:

Unmodified
Added
Removed
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/chapter_3.0.html

    r62 r97  
    11<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
    22<html><head>
    3 <meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"><title>PALM
    4 chapter 3.0</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="StarOffice 7 (Win32)"> <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Marcus Oliver Letzel"> <meta name="CREATED" content="20040723;15213734"> <meta name="CHANGED" content="20041112;13170538"> <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="parallel LES model"> <style>
     3<meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"><title>PALM chapter 3.0</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="StarOffice 7 (Win32)"> <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Marcus Oliver Letzel"> <meta name="CREATED" content="20040723;15213734"> <meta name="CHANGED" content="20041112;13170538"> <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="parallel LES model"> <style>
    54<!--
    65@page { size: 21cm 29.7cm }
    76-->
    87</style></head>
    9 
    108<body style="direction: ltr;" lang="en-US"><h2 style="font-style: normal; line-height: 100%;"><font size="4">3.0
    119Execution of model runs</font></h2>
     
    4139changed by the user. Some of the most important parameters are not
    4240preset with default values and must be adjusted by the user in each
    43 case. Such a typical, minimum parameter set is described in <a href="chapter_4.4.html">chapter
    44 4.4</a>. For the subsequent analysis of model runs, graphical
     41case. Such a typical, minimum parameter set is described in <a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">chapter
     424.4.1</a>. For the subsequent analysis of model runs, graphical
    4543visualization of model data is particularly important. <a href="chapter_4.5.html">Chapter
    46444.5</a> describes, how such outputs are produced with the model. </p>
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/chapter_3.2.html

    r62 r97  
    11<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
    22<html><head>
    3 <meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"><title>PALM
    4 chapter 3.2</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="StarOffice 7 (Win32)"> <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Marcus Oliver Letzel"> <meta name="CREATED" content="20040726;13164873"> <meta name="CHANGED" content="20050119;9245042"> <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="parallel LES model"> <style>
     3<meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"><title>PALM chapter 3.2</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="StarOffice 7 (Win32)"> <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Marcus Oliver Letzel"> <meta name="CREATED" content="20040726;13164873"> <meta name="CHANGED" content="20050119;9245042"> <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="parallel LES model"> <style>
    54<!--
    65@page { size: 21cm 29.7cm }
    76-->
    87</style></head>
    9 
    108<body style="direction: ltr;" lang="en-US"><h3 style="line-height: 100%;">3.2 Example of a minimum
    119configuration
     
    2018here)
    2119and can be used, together with the <a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/%7Eraasch/PALM_group/INSTALL/example_p3d">parameter
    22 file</a> presented in <a href="chapter_4.4.html">chapter
    23 4.4</a>, for the execution of a simple model run. In chapter 4.4
     20file</a> presented in <a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">chapter
     214.4.1</a>, for the execution of a simple model run. In chapter 4.4.1
    2422the
    2523complete <b>mrun</b> options which are necessary for the
     
    8583will
    8684interpret these colons as blanks (2 colons written one behind the
    87 other will be interpreted as a colon). Thus in the example above </font><tt><font face="Thorndale, serif">fopts
    88 has the value </font></tt>&ldquo;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: monospace;" size="2"><i>-O3
     85other will be interpreted as a colon). Thus in the example above</font> fopts
     86has the value<tt><font face="Thorndale, serif"> </font></tt>&ldquo;<font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: monospace;" size="2"><i>-O3
    8987-g
    9088-qrealsize=8 -Q -q64 -qmaxmem=-1 -qtune=pwr4 -qarch=pwr4 -qnosave
     
    184182explained in detail in the <b>mrun</b>
    185183description (<a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/institut/software/mrun_beschreibung.html#chapter6.3">chapter
    186 6.3</a>, in German) and are described here only as far as being
     1846.3</a>, in German) and are described here only as far as
    187185necessary. A
    188186file connection statement usually consists of entries in 5 columns
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/chapter_3.4.html

    r62 r97  
    11<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
    22<html><head>
    3 <meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="content-type"><title>chapter_3.4</title> </head>
     3<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="content-type"><title>chapter_3.4</title></head>
    44<body><h3 style="line-height: 100%;"><font color="#000000">3.4 Input and
    55output files</font></h3>
     
    8585is needed by the model in each case. Its content and structure is
    8686described in detail in</font> <a href="chapter_4.0.html">chapter
    87 4.0</a>. <a href="chapter_4.4.html">Chapter
    88 4.4</a> <font color="#000000">shows a simple
     874.0</a>. <a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">Chapter
     884.4.1</a> <font color="#000000">shows a simple
    8989example. </font> </p> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="text-align: center;" width="8%"> <p align="center">13</p> </td>
    9090<td width="12%"> <p><a name="BININ"></a>BININ/</p>
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/chapter_4.0.html

    r83 r97  
    131131within routine <span style="font-family: monospace;">user_parin</span>
    132132in file <span style="font-family: monospace;">user_interface.f90</span>).
    133 <a href="chapter_4.4.html">Chapter
    134 4.4</a> shows a simple but complete example of the input file
     133<a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">Chapter
     1344.4.1</a> shows a simple but complete example of the input file
    135135PARIN.
    136136This example file can be used together with the configuration file
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/chapter_4.1.html

    r83 r97  
    208208</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="pc_pt_t"></a><b>bc_pt_t</b></p>
    209209</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">C * 20</td>
    210 <td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">'initial gradient'</span></td>
     210<td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">'initial_ gradient'</span></td>
    211211<td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p style="font-style: normal;">Top boundary condition of the
    212212potential temperature.&nbsp; </p> <p>Allowed are the
     
    299299bc_s_t_val * dzu(nz+1)</p> </ul> <p style="font-style: normal;">(up to k=nz the prognostic
    300300equation for the scalar concentration is
    301 solved).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="bc_uv_b"></a><b>bc_uv_b</b></p>
     301solved).</p> </td> </tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="bc_sa_t"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">bc_sa_t</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">C * 20</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">'neumann'</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><p style="font-style: normal;">Top boundary condition of the salinity.&nbsp; </p> <p>This parameter only comes into effect for ocean runs (see parameter <a href="#ocean">ocean</a>).</p><p style="font-style: normal;">Allowed are the
     302values <span style="font-style: italic;">'dirichlet' </span>(sa(k=nz+1)
     303does not change during the run) and <span style="font-style: italic;">'neumann'</span>
     304(sa(k=nz+1)=sa(k=nz))<span style="font-style: italic;"></span>.&nbsp;<br><br>
     305When a constant salinity flux is used at the top boundary (<a href="chapter_4.1.html#top_salinityflux">top_salinityflux</a>),
     306<b>bc_sa_t</b> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'neumann'</span>
     307must be used, because otherwise the resolved scale may contribute to
     308the top flux so that a constant value cannot be guaranteed.</p></td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="bc_uv_b"></a><b>bc_uv_b</b></p>
    302309</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">C * 20</td>
    303310<td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">'dirichlet'</span></td>
     
    331338Neumann condition yields the free-slip condition with u(k=nz+1) =
    332339u(k=nz) and v(k=nz+1) = v(k=nz) (up to k=nz the prognostic equations
    333 for the velocities are solved).</p> </td> </tr> <tr>
     340for the velocities are solved).</p> </td> </tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="bottom_salinityflux"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">bottom_salinityflux</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><p>Kinematic salinity flux near the surface (in psu m/s).&nbsp;</p>This parameter only comes into effect for ocean runs (see parameter <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>).<p>The
     341respective salinity flux value is used
     342as bottom (horizontally homogeneous) boundary condition for the salinity equation. This additionally requires that a Neumann
     343condition must be used for the salinity, which is currently the only available condition.<br> </p> </td></tr><tr>
    334344<td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-weight: bold;"><a name="building_height"></a>building_height</span></td>
    335345<td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">50.0</span></td> <td>Height
     
    11111121be an integral multiple of
    11121122the number of processors in x-direction (due to data transposition
    1113 restrictions).</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="omega"></a><b>omega</b></p>
     1123restrictions).</p> </td> </tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="ocean"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">ocean</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">L</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">.F.</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">Parameter to switch on&nbsp;ocean runs.<br><br>By default PALM is configured to simulate&nbsp;atmospheric flows. However, starting from version 3.3, <span style="font-weight: bold;">ocean</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">.T.</span> allows&nbsp;simulation of ocean turbulent flows. Setting this switch has several effects:<br><br><ul><li>An additional prognostic equation for salinity is solved.</li><li>Potential temperature in buoyancy and stability-related terms is replaced by potential density.</li><li>Potential
     1124density is calculated from the equation of state for seawater after
     1125each timestep, using the algorithm proposed by Jackett et al. (2006, J.
     1126Atmos. Oceanic Technol., <span style="font-weight: bold;">23</span>, 1709-1728).<br>So far, only the initial hydrostatic pressure is entered into this equation.</li><li>z=0 (sea surface) is assumed at the model top (vertical grid index <span style="font-family: Courier New,Courier,monospace;">k=nzt</span> on the w-grid), with negative values of z indicating the depth.</li><li>Initial profiles are constructed (e.g. from <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a> / <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient_level">pt_vertical_gradient_level</a>) starting from the sea surface, using surface values&nbsp;given by <a href="#pt_surface">pt_surface</a>, <a href="#sa_surface">sa_surface</a>, <a href="#ug_surface">ug_surface</a>, and <a href="#vg_surface">vg_surface</a>.</li><li>Zero salinity flux is used as default boundary condition at the bottom of the sea.</li><li>If switched on, random perturbations are by default imposed to the upper model domain from zu(nzt*2/3) to zu(nzt-3).</li></ul><br>Relevant parameters to be exclusively used for steering ocean runs are <a href="#bc_sa_t">bc_sa_t</a>, <a href="#bottom_salinityflux">bottom_salinityflux</a>, <a href="#sa_surface">sa_surface</a>, <a href="#sa_vertical_gradient">sa_vertical_gradient</a>, <a href="#sa_vertical_gradient_level">sa_vertical_gradient_level</a>, and <a href="#top_salinityflux">top_salinityflux</a>.<br><br>Section <a href="chapter_4.2.2.html">4.4.2</a> gives an example for appropriate settings of these and other parameters neccessary for ocean runs.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">ocean</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">.T.</span> does not allow settings of <a href="#timestep_scheme">timestep_scheme</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'leapfrog'</span> or <span style="font-style: italic;">'leapfrog+euler'</span> as well as <a href="#scalar_advec">scalar_advec</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'ups-scheme'</span>.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Current limitations:</span><br>Using
     1127a vertical grid stretching is not recommended since it would still
     1128stretch the grid towards the top boundary of the model (sea surface)
     1129instead of the bottom boundary.</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="omega"></a><b>omega</b></p>
    11141130</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td>
    11151131<td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>7.29212E-5</i></td>
     
    12411257temperature to be used in all buoyancy terms (in K).<br><br>By
    12421258default, the instantaneous horizontal average over the total model
    1243 domain is used.</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="pt_surface"></a><b>pt_surface</b></p>
     1259domain is used.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>), always a reference temperature is used in the buoyancy terms with a default value of <span style="font-weight: bold;">pt_reference</span> = <a href="#pt_surface">pt_surface</a>.</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="pt_surface"></a><b>pt_surface</b></p>
    12441260</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td>
    12451261<td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>300.0</i></td>
     
    12471263potential temperature (in K).&nbsp; </p> <p>This
    12481264parameter assigns the value of the potential temperature
    1249 pt at the surface (k=0)<b>.</b> Starting from this value,
     1265<span style="font-weight: bold;">pt</span> at the surface (k=0)<b>.</b> Starting from this value,
    12501266the
    12511267initial vertical temperature profile is constructed with <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a>
    12521268and <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient_level">pt_vertical_gradient_level
    12531269</a>.
    1254 This profile is also used for the 1d-model as a stationary profile.</p>
     1270This profile is also used for the 1d-model as a stationary profile.</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="#ocean">ocean</a>),
     1271this parameter gives the temperature value at the sea surface, which is
     1272at k=nzt. The profile is then constructed from the surface down to the
     1273bottom of the model.</p>
    12551274</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="pt_surface_initial_change"></a><b>pt_surface_initial</b>
    12561275<br> <b>_change</b></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span><br> </td>
     
    12911310100 m and for z &gt; 1000.0 m up to the top boundary it is
    129213110.5 K / 100 m (it is assumed that the assigned height levels correspond
    1293 with uv levels). </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="pt_vertical_gradient_level"></a><b>pt_vertical_gradient</b>
     1312with uv levels).</p><p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>),
     1313the profile is constructed like described above, but starting from the
     1314sea surface (k=nzt) down to the bottom boundary of the model. Height
     1315levels have then to be given as negative values, e.g. <span style="font-weight: bold;">pt_vertical_gradient_level</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">-500.0</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">-1000.0</span>.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="pt_vertical_gradient_level"></a><b>pt_vertical_gradient</b>
    12941316<br> <b>_level</b></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R (10)</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><i>10 *</i>&nbsp;
    12951317<span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span><br>
     
    12971319<p>Height level from which on the temperature gradient defined by
    12981320<a href="#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a>
    1299 is effective (in m).&nbsp; </p> <p>The height levels
    1300 are to be assigned in ascending order. The
     1321is effective (in m).&nbsp; </p> <p>The height levels have to be assigned in ascending order. The
    13011322default values result in a neutral stratification regardless of the
    13021323values of <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a>
    13031324(unless the top boundary of the model is higher than 100000.0 m).
    1304 For the piecewise construction of temperature profiles see <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a>.</p>
     1325For the piecewise construction of temperature profiles see <a href="#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a>.</p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs&nbsp;(see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>), the (negative) height levels have to be assigned in descending order.
    13051326</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="q_surface"></a><b>q_surface</b></p>
    13061327</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td>
     
    14531474is switched
    14541475on (see <a href="#prandtl_layer">prandtl_layer</a>).</p>
    1455 </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="scalar_advec"></a><b>scalar_advec</b></p>
     1476</td> </tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="sa_surface"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">sa_surface</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">35.0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p>Surface salinity (in psu).&nbsp;</p>This parameter only comes into effect for ocean runs (see parameter <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>).<p>This
     1477parameter assigns the value of the salinity <span style="font-weight: bold;">sa</span> at the sea surface (k=nzt)<b>.</b> Starting from this value,
     1478the
     1479initial vertical salinity profile is constructed from the surface down to the bottom of the model (k=0) by using&nbsp;<a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient">sa_vertical_gradient</a>
     1480and&nbsp;<a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient_level">sa_vertical_gradient_level
     1481</a>.</p></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="sa_vertical_gradient"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">sa_vertical_gradient</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">R(10)</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">10 * 0.0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><p>Salinity gradient(s) of the initial salinity profile (in psu
     1482/ 100 m).&nbsp; </p> <p>This parameter only comes into effect for ocean runs (see parameter <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>).</p><p>This salinity gradient
     1483holds starting from the height&nbsp;
     1484level defined by <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient_level">sa_vertical_gradient_level</a>
     1485(precisely: for all uv levels k where zu(k) &lt;
     1486sa_vertical_gradient_level, sa_init(k) is set: sa_init(k) =
     1487sa_init(k+1) - dzu(k+1) * <b>sa_vertical_gradient</b>) down to the bottom boundary or down to the next height level defined
     1488by <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient_level">sa_vertical_gradient_level</a>.
     1489A total of 10 different gradients for 11 height intervals (10 intervals
     1490if <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient_level">sa_vertical_gradient_level</a>(1)
     1491= <i>0.0</i>) can be assigned. The surface salinity at k=nzt is
     1492assigned via <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_surface">sa_surface</a>.&nbsp;
     1493</p> <p>Example:&nbsp; </p> <ul><p><b>sa_vertical_gradient</b>
     1494= <i>1.0</i>, <i>0.5</i>,&nbsp; <br>
     1495<b>sa_vertical_gradient_level</b> = <i>-500.0</i>,
     1496-<i>1000.0</i>,</p></ul> <p>That
     1497defines the salinity to be constant down to z = -500.0 m with a salinity given by <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_surface">sa_surface</a>.
     1498For -500.0 m &lt; z &lt;= -1000.0 m the salinity gradient is
     14991.0 psu /
     1500100 m and for z &lt; -1000.0 m down to the bottom boundary it is
     15010.5 psu / 100 m (it is assumed that the assigned height levels correspond
     1502with uv levels).</p></td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="sa_vertical_gradient_level"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">sa_vertical_gradient_level</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">R(10)</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">10 * 0.0</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><p>Height level from which on the salinity gradient defined by <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient">sa_vertical_gradient</a>
     1503is effective (in m).&nbsp; </p> <p>This parameter only comes into effect for ocean runs (see parameter <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>).</p><p>The height levels have to be assigned in descending order. The
     1504default values result in a constant salinity profile regardless of the
     1505values of <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient">sa_vertical_gradient</a>
     1506(unless the bottom boundary of the model is lower than -100000.0 m).
     1507For the piecewise construction of salinity profiles see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient">sa_vertical_gradient</a>.</p></td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="scalar_advec"></a><b>scalar_advec</b></p>
    14561508</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">C * 10</td>
    14571509<td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>'pw-scheme'</i></td>
     
    18351887Prandtl-layer is available at the top boundary so far.</p><p>See
    18361888also <a href="#surface_heatflux">surface_heatflux</a>.</p>
    1837 </td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">
     1889</td></tr><tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="top_salinityflux"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">top_salinityflux</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">no prescribed<br>
     1890salinityflux</span></td><td style="vertical-align: top;"><p>Kinematic
     1891salinity flux at the top boundary, i.e. the sea surface (in psu m/s).&nbsp; </p>
     1892<p>This parameter only comes into effect for ocean runs (see parameter <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>).</p><p>If a value is assigned to this parameter, the internal
     1893two-dimensional surface heat flux field <span style="font-family: monospace;">saswst</span> is
     1894initialized with the value of <span style="font-weight: bold;">top_salinityflux</span>&nbsp;as
     1895top (horizontally homogeneous) boundary condition for the salinity equation. This additionally requires that a Neumann
     1896condition must be used for the salinity (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#bc_sa_t">bc_sa_t</a>),
     1897because otherwise the resolved scale may contribute to
     1898the top flux so that a constant value cannot be guaranteed.<span style="font-style: italic;"></span>&nbsp;</p>
     1899<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">Note:</span><br>The
     1900application of a salinity flux at the model top additionally requires the setting of
     1901initial parameter <a href="chapter_4.1.html#use_top_fluxes">use_top_fluxes</a>
     1902= .T..<span style="font-style: italic;"></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span> </p><p>See
     1903also <a href="chapter_4.1.html#bottom_salinityflux">bottom_salinityflux</a>.</p></td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">
    18381904<p><a name="ug_surface"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">ug_surface</span></p>
    18391905</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R<br> </td>
     
    18571923value, it is recommended to use a Galilei-transformation of the
    18581924coordinate system, if possible (see <a href="#galilei_transformation">galilei_transformation</a>),
    1859 in order to obtain larger time steps.<br> </td> </tr>
     1925in order to obtain larger time steps.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>),
     1926this parameter gives the velocity value at the sea surface, which is
     1927at k=nzt. The profile is then constructed from the surface down to the
     1928bottom of the model.<br> </td> </tr>
    18601929<tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="ug_vertical_gradient"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">ug_vertical_gradient</span></p>
    18611930</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R(10)<br>
     
    18721941total of 10 different gradients for 11 height intervals (10
    18731942intervals&nbsp; if <a href="#ug_vertical_gradient_level">ug_vertical_gradient_level</a>(1)
    1874 = 0.0) can be assigned. The surface geostrophic wind is assigned by <a href="#ug_surface">ug_surface</a>. <br> </td>
     1943= 0.0) can be assigned. The surface geostrophic wind is assigned by <a href="#ug_surface">ug_surface</a>.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>),
     1944the profile is constructed like described above, but starting from the
     1945sea surface (k=nzt) down to the bottom boundary of the model. Height
     1946levels have then to be given as negative values, e.g. <span style="font-weight: bold;">ug_vertical_gradient_level</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">-500.0</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">-1000.0</span>.<br> </td>
    18751947</tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">
    18761948<p><a name="ug_vertical_gradient_level"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">ug_vertical_gradient_level</span></p>
     
    18801952gradient defined by <a href="#ug_vertical_gradient">ug_vertical_gradient</a>
    18811953is effective (in m).<br> <br>
    1882 The height levels are to be assigned in ascending order. For the
     1954The height levels have to be assigned in ascending order. For the
    18831955piecewise construction of a profile of the u-component of the
    1884 geostrophic wind component (ug) see <a href="#ug_vertical_gradient">ug_vertical_gradient</a>.<br>
    1885 </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="ups_limit_e"></a><b>ups_limit_e</b></p>
     1956geostrophic wind component (ug) see <a href="#ug_vertical_gradient">ug_vertical_gradient</a>.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs&nbsp;(see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>), the (negative) height levels have to be assigned in descending order.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="ups_limit_e"></a><b>ups_limit_e</b></p>
    18861957</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td>
    18871958<td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>0.0</i></td>
     
    20632134if possible (see <a href="#galilei_transformation">galilei_transformation</a>),
    20642135in order to obtain larger
    2065 time steps.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="vg_vertical_gradient"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">vg_vertical_gradient</span></p>
     2136time steps.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>),
     2137this parameter gives the velocity value at the sea surface, which is
     2138at k=nzt. The profile is then constructed from the surface down to the
     2139bottom of the model.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="vg_vertical_gradient"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">vg_vertical_gradient</span></p>
    20662140</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R(10)<br>
    20672141</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">10
     
    20812155=
    208221560.0) can be assigned. The surface
    2083 geostrophic wind is assigned by <a href="#vg_surface">vg_surface</a>.</td>
     2157geostrophic wind is assigned by <a href="#vg_surface">vg_surface</a>.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>),
     2158the profile is constructed like described above, but starting from the
     2159sea surface (k=nzt) down to the bottom boundary of the model. Height
     2160levels have then to be given as negative values, e.g. <span style="font-weight: bold;">vg_vertical_gradient_level</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">-500.0</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">-1000.0</span>.</td>
    20842161</tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">
    20852162<p><a name="vg_vertical_gradient_level"></a><span style="font-weight: bold;">vg_vertical_gradient_level</span></p>
     
    20892166gradient defined by <a href="#vg_vertical_gradient">vg_vertical_gradient</a>
    20902167is effective (in m).<br> <br>
    2091 The height levels are to be assigned in ascending order. For the
     2168The height levels have to be assigned in ascending order. For the
    20922169piecewise construction of a profile of the v-component of the
    2093 geostrophic wind component (vg) see <a href="#vg_vertical_gradient">vg_vertical_gradient</a>.</td>
     2170geostrophic wind component (vg) see <a href="#vg_vertical_gradient">vg_vertical_gradient</a>.<br><br><span style="font-weight: bold;">Attention:</span><br>In case of ocean runs&nbsp;(see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>), the (negative) height levels have to be assigned in descending order.</td>
    20942171</tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;">
    20952172<p><a name="wall_adjustment"></a><b>wall_adjustment</b></p>
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    r89 r97  
    405405= <span style="font-style: italic;">.TRUE.</span></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 106px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">qv</span></td><td style="width: 196px; vertical-align: top;">water vapor
    406406content (specific humidity)</td><td style="vertical-align: top;">kg/kg</td><td style="vertical-align: top;">requires <a href="chapter_4.1.html#cloud_physics">cloud_physics</a>
     407= <span style="font-style: italic;">.TRUE.</span></td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">rho</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">potential density</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">kg/m<sup>3</sup></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">requires&nbsp;<a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>
    407408= <span style="font-style: italic;">.TRUE.</span></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 106px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">s</span></td><td style="width: 196px; vertical-align: top;">concentration of
    408409the scalar</td><td style="vertical-align: top;">1/m<sup>3</sup></td><td style="vertical-align: top;">requires&nbsp;<a href="chapter_4.1.html#passive_scalar">passive_scalar</a>
     410= <span style="font-style: italic;">.TRUE.</span></td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">sa</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">salinity</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">psu</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">requires&nbsp;<a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>
    409411= <span style="font-style: italic;">.TRUE.</span></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 106px; vertical-align: top;"><span style="font-style: italic;">t*</span></td><td style="width: 196px; vertical-align: top;">(near surface)
    410412characteristic temperature</td><td style="vertical-align: top;">K</td><td style="vertical-align: top;">only horizontal cross section
     
    663665kg/kg).</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><font color="#ff6600"><i>ql</i></font></td>
    664666<td style="vertical-align: top;">Liquid water content
    665 (in kg/kg).</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><font color="#ff6600">s</font></td>
     667(in kg/kg).</td> </tr> <tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">rho</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Potential density (in kg/m<sup>3</sup>).</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle; font-style: italic;"><font color="#ff6600">s</font></td>
    666668<td style="vertical-align: top;">Scalar concentration (in
    667 kg/m<sup>3</sup>).</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><font color="#ff6600"><i>e</i></font></td>
     669kg/m<sup>3</sup>).</td> </tr> <tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">sa</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Salinity (in psu).</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><font color="#ff6600"><i>e</i></font></td>
    668670<td style="vertical-align: top;">Turbulent kinetic energy
    669671(TKE, subgrid-scale) (in m<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup>).</td>
     
    741743</tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><font color="#33ff33"><i>w*s*</i></font></td>
    742744<td style="vertical-align: top;">Resolved vertical scalar
    743 concentration flux (in kg/m<sup>3</sup>)</td> </tr>
     745concentration flux (in kg/m<sup>3</sup> m/s).</td> </tr>
    744746<tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><font color="#33ff33"><i>ws</i></font></td>
    745747<td style="vertical-align: top;">Total vertical scalar
    746748concentration flux (w"s" + w*s*) (in kg/m<sup>3 </sup>m/s).</td>
    747 </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><font color="#33ff33"><i>w*e*</i></font></td>
     749</tr> <tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(51, 255, 51);">w"sa"</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Subgrid-scale vertical
     750salinity flux (in psu<sup> </sup>m/s).</td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(51, 255, 51);">w*sa*</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Resolved vertical salinity flux (in psu m/s).</td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic; color: rgb(51, 255, 51);">wsa</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Total vertical salinity flux (w"sa" + w*sa*) (in psu<sup> </sup>m/s).</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><font color="#33ff33"><i>w*e*</i></font></td>
    748751<td style="vertical-align: top;">Vertical flux of
    749752perturbation energy (resolved)</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><font color="#ff6600"><i>u*2</i></font></td>
     
    856859</tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"><p><a name="disturbance_level_b"></a><b>disturbance_level_b</b></p>
    857860</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td>
    858 <td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>zu(3)</i></td>
     861<td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>zu(3) or<br>zu(nz*2/3)<br>see right</i></td>
    859862<td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">Lower
    860863limit of the vertical range for which random perturbations are to be
    861864imposed on the horizontal wind field (</font></font>in <font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">m).&nbsp;
    862865</font></font> </p> <p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">This
    863 parameter must hold the condition zu<i>(3)</i> &lt;= <b>disturbance_level_b</b>
    864 &lt;= <i>zu(</i></font></span><i><a href="chapter_4.1.html#nz"><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">nz-1</font></span></a><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">)</font></span></i><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">.
     866parameter must hold the condition zu(3) &lt;= <b>disturbance_level_b</b>
     867&lt;= zu(</font></span><a href="chapter_4.1.html#nz"><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">nz-1</font></span></a><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">)</font></span><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">.
    865868Additionally, <b>disturbance_level_b</b>
    866869&lt;= </font></span><a href="#disturbance_level_t"><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">disturbance_level_t</font></span></a>
    867870<span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">must
    868 also hold. <br> </font></span></p> <p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">The
     871also hold.</font></span></p><p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>) </font></span><span lang="en-GB"><span style="font-family: Thorndale,serif;">the default value is <span style="font-weight: bold;">disturbance_level_b</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">(nz * 2) / 3</span>.</span></span><a href="chapter_4.1.html#nz"><span lang="en-GB"></span></a><span lang="en-GB"></span><span lang="en-GB"></span></p> <p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">The
    869872parameter </font></span><a href="#create_disturbances"><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">create_disturbances</font></span></a><font face="Thorndale, serif"><span lang="en-GB">
    870873describes how to impose
     
    872875</font> </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p><a name="disturbance_level_t"></a><b>disturbance_level_t</b></p>
    873876</td> <td style="vertical-align: top;">R</td>
    874 <td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>zu(nz/3)</i></td>
     877<td style="vertical-align: top;"><i>zu(nz/3) or<br>zu(nzt-3)<br>see right</i></td>
    875878<td style="vertical-align: top;"> <p lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">Upper
    876879limit of the vertical range for which random perturbations are to be
     
    882885<span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">&lt;=
    883886<b>disturbance_level_t</b>
    884 must also hold.<br> </font></span></p> <p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">The
     887must also hold.</font></span></p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">In case of ocean runs (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean">ocean</a>) </font></span><span lang="en-GB"><span style="font-family: Thorndale,serif;">the default value is <span style="font-weight: bold;">disturbance_level_t</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">nzt - 3</span>.</span></span><p><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">The
    885888parameter </font></span><a href="#create_disturbances"><span lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif">create_disturbances</font></span></a><font face="Thorndale, serif"><span lang="en-GB">
    886889describes how to impose
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    88-->
    99</style></head>
    10 <body style="direction: ltr;" lang="en-US"><h3 style="line-height: 100%;">4.4 Example of a minimum
    11 parameter set</h3>
    12 <p style="line-height: 100%;">In this chapter a brief,
    13 simple and
    14 complete parameter set is described, which can be used to carry out a
    15 model run. The presented example is available via <a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/%7Eraasch/PALM_group/INSTALL/example_p3d">example
    16 file</a> and can be used (together with the <a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/%7Eraasch/PALM_group/INSTALL/.mrun.config">configuration
    17 file</a> described in <a href="chapter_3.2.html">chapter
    18 3.2)</a> for the execution of a simple model run. </p>
    19 <p style="line-height: 100%;">This run simulates a
    20 quasi-stationary,
     10<body style="direction: ltr;" lang="en-US"><h3 style="line-height: 100%;">4.4 Examples of
     11parameter sets</h3>
     12<p style="line-height: 100%;">This chapter gives examples of complete
     13parameter sets for a variety of model runs. These parameter files can
     14be found in the directory <span style="font-family: Courier New,Courier,monospace;">trunk/INSTALL</span> and can be used together with the <span style="font-weight: bold;">mrun</span> configuration file (<span style="font-family: Courier New,Courier,monospace;">.mrun.config</span>) to carry out the respective model runs.</p><p style="line-height: 100%;">For
     15a description of the basic parameter settings which are generally
     16required, see chapter 4.4.1, which explains the settings for a simple
     17run of a quasi-stationary,
    2118convective, atmospheric boundary layer with&nbsp; <font color="#000000">zero
    2219mean horizontal
    23 wind.</font> For evaluation purposes, cross sections and
    24 horizontally averaged vertical
    25 profiles of typical boundary layer variables
    26 are output at the end of the run. The run shall be carried out in
    27 batch mode on the IBM Regatta "hanni" of the HLRN.</p>
    28 <p style="line-height: 100%;">The parameter file necessary
    29 to carry
    30 out a run must be provided to the model as an input file under the
    31 local name <a href="chapter_3.4.html#PARIN">PARIN</a>
    32 and has the following contents:</p>
    33 <pre style="line-height: 100%;">&amp;inipar <a href="chapter_4.1.html#nx">nx</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">39</span>, <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ny">ny</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">39</span>, <a href="chapter_4.1.html#nz">nz</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">40</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#dx">dx</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">50.0</span>, <a href="chapter_4.1.html#dy">dy</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">50.0</span>, <a href="chapter_4.1.html#dz">dz</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">50.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#dz_stretch_level">dz_stretch_level</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">1200.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#fft_method">fft_method</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'temperton-algorithm'</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#initializing_actions">initializing_actions</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'set_constant_profiles'</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#ug_surface">ug_surface</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span>, <a href="chapter_4.1.html#vg_surface">vg_surface</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#pt_vertical_gradient">pt_vertical_gradient</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">1.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#pt_vertical_gradient_level">pt_vertical_gradient_level</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">800.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.1.html#surface_heatflux">surface_heatflux</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.1</span>, <a href="chapter_4.1.html#bc_pt_b">bc_pt_b</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'neumann'</span>,/<br><br>&amp;d3par <a href="chapter_4.2.html#end_time">end_time</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">3600.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#create_disturbances">create_disturbances</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">.T.</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_disturb">dt_disturb</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">150.0</span>, <a href="chapter_4.2.html#disturbance_energy_limit">disturbance_energy_limit</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.01</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_run_control">dt_run_control</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#data_output">data_output</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'w_xy'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w_xz'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w_xz_av'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'pt_xy'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'pt_xz'</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_data_output">dt_data_output</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">900.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_data_output_av">dt_data_output_av</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">1800.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#averaging_interval">averaging_interval</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">900.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_averaging_input">dt_averaging_input</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">10.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#section_xy">section_xy</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">2</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">10</span>, <a href="chapter_4.2.html#section_xz">section_xz</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">20</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#data_output_2d_on_each_pe">data_output_2d_on_each_pe</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">.F.</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_dopr">dt_dopr</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">900.0</span>, <a href="chapter_4.2.html#averaging_interval_pr">averaging_interval_pr</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">600.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#dt_averaging_input_pr">dt_averaging_input_pr</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">10.0</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#data_output_pr">data_output_pr</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'#pt'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w&rdquo;pt&rdquo;'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w*pt*'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'wpt'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w*2'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'pt*2'</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#cross_profiles">cross_profiles</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">' pt '</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">' w"pt" w*pt* wpt '</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">' w*2 '</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">' pt*2 '</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#cross_xtext">cross_xtext</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'pot. temperature in K'</span>,<br> <span style="font-style: italic;">'heat flux in K ms&gt;-&gt;1'</span>,<br> <span style="font-style: italic;">'velocity variance in m&gt;2s&gt;-&gt;2'</span>,<br> <span style="font-style: italic;">'temperature variance in K&gt;2'</span>,<br> <a href="chapter_4.2.html#z_max_do1d">z_max_do1d</a> = <span style="font-style: italic;">1500.0</span>, /</pre><p style="line-height: 100%;"><br><br></p>
    34 <p style="line-height: 100%;">The initialization
    35 parameters (<tt><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2">&amp;inipar</font></tt>)
    36 are located at the beginning of the file. For analysis of a
    37 convective boundary layer of approx. 1000 m thickness the horizontal
    38 size of the model domain should amount to at least 2 km x 2 km. In
    39 order to resolve the convective structures a grid spacing of <b>dx</b>
    40 =
    41 <b>dy</b> = <b>dz</b> = <i>50 m</i>
    42 is enough, since the typical
    43 diameter of convective plumes is more than 100 m. Thereby the
    44 upper array index in the two horizontal directions needs to be <b>nx</b>
    45 = <b>ny</b> = <i>39</i>. <font color="#000000">Since in
    46 each case the lower array index has the value 0, 40 grid points are
    47 used along both horizontal directions.</font> In the vertical
    48 direction
    49 the domain must be high enough to include the entrainment processes at
    50 the top of the boundary layer as well as the propagation of gravity
    51 waves, which were stimulated by
    52 the convection. However, in the stably stratified region the grid
    53 resolution has not necessarily to be as high as within the boundary
    54 layer. This can be obtained by a vertical stretching of the grid
    55 starting
    56 from 1200 m via <b>dz_stretch_level</b> = <i>1200.0
    57 m.</i> This saves
    58 grid points and computing time. <font color="#800000">T</font><font color="#000000">he
    59 upper boundary of the model is located at (see </font><a href="chapter_4.1.html#dz_stretch_factor"><font color="#000000">dz_stretch_factor</font></a><font color="#000000">)
    60 &hellip; m (computed by the model)</font>.</p><p style="line-height: 100%;">Fast Fourier transformations are
    61 calculated using the Temperton-algorithm, which -on the IBM Regatta- is
    62 faster than the default system-specific algorithm (from IBM essl
    63 library).</p><p style="line-height: 100%;">The
    64 initial profiles for
    65 wind and temperature can be assigned via <b>initializing_actions</b>
    66 = <span style="font-style: italic;">'set_constant_profiles'</span>.
    67 The wind speed, constant with
    68 height, amounts to <b>ug_surface</b> = <b>vg_surface</b>
    69 = <i>0.0 m/s</i>. In order
    70 to allow for a fast onset of convection, a neutral stratified layer up
    71 to z
    72 = 800 m capped by an inversion with dtheta/dz = 1K/100 m is given:
    73 <b>pt_vertical_gradient</b> = <i>0.0, 1.0</i>,
    74 <b>pt_vertical_gradient_level</b> = <i>0.0, 800.0.</i>
    75 The surface
    76 temperature, which by default amounts to 300 K, provides the fixed
    77 point for the temperature profile (see <a href="chapter_4.1.html#pt_surface">pt_surface</a>).
    78 Convection is driven by a given, near-surface sensible heat flux via <b>surface_heatflux</b>
    79 = <i>0.1 K m/s.</i> A given surface sensible heta flux
    80 requires the
    81 bottom boundary condition for potential temperature to be <b>bc_pt_b</b>
    82 =
    83 <span style="font-style: italic;">'neumann'</span> .
    84 Thus
    85 all initialization parameters are determined. These can not be
    86 changed during the run (also not for restart runs). </p>
    87 <p style="line-height: 100%;">Now the run parameters (<tt><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2">&amp;d3par</font></tt>)
    88 must be specified. To produce a quasi stationary boundary layer the
    89 simulated time should be at least one hour, i.e. <b>end_time</b>
    90 = <i>3600
    91 s.</i> To stimulate convection, the initially homogeneous (zero)
    92 wind
    93 field must be disturbed (<b>create_disturbances</b> = <i>.T.</i>).
    94 These perturbations should be repeated in a temporal interval of
    95 <b>dt_disturb</b> = <i>150.0 s</i> until the
    96 energy of the
    97 perturbations exceeds the value <b>disturbance_energy_limit</b>
    98 = 0.<i>01
    99 m<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>2</sup></i>. After
    100 each time step run time
    101 informations (e.g. size of the timestep, maximum velocities, etc.) are
    102 to be written to the local file <a href="chapter_3.4.html#RUN_CONTROL">RUN_CONTROL</a>
    103 (<b>dt_run_control</b> = <i>0.0 s</i>).</p><p style="line-height: 100%;">Instantaneous cross section data
    104 of vertical velocity (<span style="font-style: italic;">w</span>)
    105 and potential temperature (<span style="font-style: italic;">pt</span>)
    106 are to be output for horizontal (<span style="font-style: italic;">xy</span>)
    107 and vertical (<span style="font-style: italic;">xz</span>)
    108 cross sections, and additionally, time averaged (<span style="font-style: italic;">av</span>) vertical cross
    109 section data are to be output for the vertical velocity: <span style="font-weight: bold;">data_output</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'w_xy'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w_xz'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'w_xz_av'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'pt_xy'</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">'pt_xz'</span>. Output of
    110 instantaneous (time averaged) data is done after each 900 (1800)s: <span style="font-weight: bold;">dt_data_output</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">900.0</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold;">dt_data_output_av</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">1800.0</span>. The
    111 averaged data are time averaged over the last 900.0 s, where the
    112 temporal interval of data entering the average is 10 s: <span style="font-weight: bold;">averaging_interval</span> =
    113 <span style="font-style: italic;">900.0</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold;">dt_averaging_input</span> =
    114 <span style="font-style: italic;">10.0</span>.
    115 Horizontal cross sections are output for vertical levels with grid
    116 index k=2 and k=10, vertical cross sections are output for index j=20: <span style="font-weight: bold;">section_xy</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">2</span>, <span style="font-style: italic;">10</span>, <span style="font-weight: bold;">section_xz</span> = <span style="font-style: italic;">20</span>. For runs on
    117 more than one processor, cross section data are collected and output on
    118 PE0: <span style="font-weight: bold;">data_output_2d_on_each_pe</span>
    119 = <span style="font-style: italic;">.F.</span>.</p><p style="line-height: 100%;">Output
    120 of vertical profiles is to be done after each 900 s. The profiles shall
    121 be temporally averaged<font color="#000000"> over the last
    122 <font color="#000000">600 </font>seconds, </font>whereby
    123 the temporal interval of the profiles entering the average has to be
    124 10 s: <b>dt_dopr</b> = <i>900.0 s</i>, <b>averaging_interval_pr</b>
    125 =
    126 <i>600.0 s</i>, <b>dt_averaging_input_pr</b> =
    127 <i>10.0 s.</i> The temperature
    128 profile including the initial temperature profile (therefore <span style="font-style: italic;">'#pt'</span>),
    129 the subgrid scale, resolved and total vertical sensible heat flux as
    130 well as the variances of the vertical velocity and the potential
    131 temperature are to be output:&nbsp; <b>data_output_pr</b>
    132 = <span style="font-style: italic;">'#pt'</span><i>,
    133 'w"pt&rdquo;',
    134 'w*pt*', 'wpt', 'w*2', 'pt*2'</i>.</p><p style="line-height: 100%;">If the data output format for
    135 graphic software <span style="font-weight: bold;">profil</span>
    136 is selected (see <a href="chapter_4.2.html#data_output_format">data_output_format</a>),
    137 the temperature
    138 profile and the individual variances are to be drawn into independent
    139 coordinate systems, and in contrast to this all heat flux profiles are
    140 to
    141 be
    142 drawn into the same system: <b>cross_profiles</b> = <span style="font-style: italic;">'pt'</span><i>,
    143 'w"pt"w*pt*wpt', 'w*2', 'pt*2'</i>. The legend of the x
    144 axes of these systems is set to <b>cross_xtext</b>= <i>'pot.
    145 temperature in K', 'heat flux in K ms&gt;-&gt;1', 'velocity
    146 variance
    147 in m&gt;2s&gt;-&gt;2', 'temperature variance in K&gt;2'</i>.
    148 The profiles are to be drawn up to a height level of <b>z_max_do1d</b>
    149 =
    150 <i>1500.0 m</i>. </p>
    151 <p style="line-height: 100%;">Before starting the mo<font color="#000000">del
    152 on the parallel computer, the number of processing elements must be
    153 specified.</font> Since relatively few grid points are used for
    154 this run, choosing of e.g. 8 PEs is sufficient. By default, a 1d domain
    155 decomposition along x is used on the IBM-Regatta, which means that a
    156 virtual processor topology (grid) of 8*1 (x*y) is used. (<span style="font-weight: bold;">Note:</span> the user may
    157 adjust this
    158 default domain decomposition with the help of the parameters <a href="chapter_4.1.html#npex">npex</a>
    159 and <a href="chapter_4.1.html#npey">npey</a>).
    160 </p><p style="line-height: 100%;">Provided that the
    161 parameters
    162 file described above are set within the file </p>
    163 <ul> <pre style="margin-bottom: 0.5cm; line-height: 100%;"><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2">~/palm/current_version/JOBS/example/INPUT/example_p3d</font></pre></ul><p style="line-height: 100%;">and that the conditions
    164 mentioned in the
    165 first sections of <a href="chapter_3.2.html">chapter
    166 3.2</a> are met, the model run can be started with the command </p>
    167 <p style="line-height: 100%;"><font face="Cumberland, monospace"><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2">mrun
    168 -d example -h ibmh -K parallel -X 8 -T 8 -t 1800 -q cdev -r
    169 &ldquo;d3# xy# xz# pr#&rdquo;</font></font></p>
    170 <p style="line-height: 100%;">The output files will appear
    171 in the
    172 directories </p>
    173 <blockquote style="line-height: 100%;"><tt><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2">~/palm/current_version/JOBS/example/MONITORING</font></tt><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2"><br> </font><tt><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2">~/palm/current_version/JOBS/example/OUTPUT
    174 ,</font></tt></blockquote>
    175 <p style="line-height: 100%;">while the job protocol will
    176 appear in
    177 directory <font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2"><font face="Cumberland, monospace">~/</font></font><tt><font style="font-size: 10pt;" size="2"><font face="Cumberland, monospace">job_queue</font></font></tt>.
    178 <br>
     20wind.</font>
     21All other examples only explain those settings which are specific for
     22the respective runs (e.g. only the specific ocean parameters are
     23described in the parameter set for simulating ocean convection).<br>
    17924&nbsp; </p>
    180 <hr><p style="line-height: 100%;"><br><font color="#000080"><font color="#000080"><a href="chapter_4.3.html"><font color="#000080"><img name="Grafik1" src="left.gif" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="index.html"><font color="#000080"><img name="Grafik2" src="up.gif" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="chapter_4.5.html"><font color="#000080"><img name="Grafik3" src="right.gif" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a></font></font></p><p style="line-height: 100%;"><i>Last change:&nbsp;
     25<hr><p style="line-height: 100%;"><br><font color="#000080"><font color="#000080"><a href="chapter_4.3.html"><font color="#000080"><img name="Grafik1" src="left.gif" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="index.html"><font color="#000080"><img name="Grafik2" src="up.gif" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="chapter_4.4.1.html"><font color="#000080"><img style="border: 2px solid ; width: 32px; height: 32px;" alt="" name="Grafik3" src="right.gif"></font></a></font></font></p><p style="line-height: 100%;"><i>Last change:&nbsp;
    18126</i>$Id$
    18227<br>&nbsp; <br>
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    r62 r97  
    163163horizontal (xy) cross sections as example. The parameter settings
    164164described below are those of the <a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/%7Eraasch/PALM_group/INSTALL/example_p3d">example
    165 parameter file</a> (see <a href="chapter_4.4.html">chapter
    166 4.4</a>) so this parameter file can be used to retrace the
     165parameter file</a> (see <a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">chapter
     1664.4.1</a>) so this parameter file can be used to retrace the
    167167following explanations.<br><br><ol><li>Output
    168168of xy cross
     
    348348NetCDF dataset described here contains data of instantaneous horizontal
    349349cross sections and has been created using the settings of the <a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/%7Eraasch/PALM_group/INSTALL/example_p3d">example
    350 parameter file</a> (see <a href="chapter_4.4.html">chapter
    351 4.4</a>),
     350parameter file</a> (see <a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">chapter
     3514.4.1</a>),
    352352i.e. it contains section data of the w-velocity-component and of the
    353353potential temperature for vertical grid levels with index <span style="font-family: monospace;">k = 2</span> and <span style="font-family: monospace;">k = 10</span>,
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    11<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
    22<html><head>
    3 <meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"><title>PALM
    4 chapter 4.5</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="StarOffice 7 (Win32)"> <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Siegfried Raasch"> <meta name="CREATED" content="20041015;12234229"> <meta name="CHANGED" content="20041022;13412723"> <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="parallel LES model"> <style>
     3<meta http-equiv="CONTENT-TYPE" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"><title>PALM chapter 4.5</title> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="StarOffice 7 (Win32)"> <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Siegfried Raasch"> <meta name="CREATED" content="20041015;12234229"> <meta name="CHANGED" content="20041022;13412723"> <meta name="KEYWORDS" content="parallel LES model"> <style>
    54<!--
    65@page { size: 21cm 29.7cm }
     
    6362</p>&nbsp;For most purposes it should be sufficient to read <a href="../app/chapter_4.5.1.html">chapter 4.5.1</a>
    6463which explains the PALM-NetCDF-output.<hr>
    65 <p style="line-height: 100%;"><br><font color="#000080"><font color="#000080"><a href="chapter_4.4.html"><font color="#000080"><img src="left.gif" name="Grafik1" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="index.html"><font color="#000080"><img src="up.gif" name="Grafik2" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="chapter_4.5.1.html"><font color="#000080"><img src="right.gif" name="Grafik3" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a></font></font></p>
     64<p style="line-height: 100%;"><br><font color="#000080"><font color="#000080"><a href="chapter_4.4.2.html"><font color="#000080"><img style="border: 2px solid ; width: 32px; height: 32px;" alt="" src="left.gif" name="Grafik1"></font></a><a href="index.html"><font color="#000080"><img src="up.gif" name="Grafik2" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a><a href="chapter_4.5.1.html"><font color="#000080"><img src="right.gif" name="Grafik3" align="bottom" border="2" height="32" width="32"></font></a></font></font></p>
    6665<p style="line-height: 100%;">&nbsp;<span style="font-style: italic;">Last
    6766change:</span> $Id$<br>
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    123123</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="5%">
    124124<p>I</p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="7%"> <p>C
    125 * 20</p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="16%"> <p><i>'neumann'</i></p>
     125* 20</p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="16%"> <p><i>'initial_gradient'</i></p>
    126126</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%">
    127127<p>Top boundary condition of the
     
    156156<p>Top boundary condition of the
    157157scalar concentration. <br> </p> </td> </tr>
    158 <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="15%">
     158<tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#bc_sa_t"><span style="font-weight: bold;">bc_sa_t</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">C * 20</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">'neumann'</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Top boundary condition of the salinity.&nbsp;</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="15%">
    159159<p><a href="chapter_4.1.html#bc_uv_b"><b>bc_uv_b</b></a></p>
    160160</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="5%">
     
    171171<p>Top boundary condition of the
    172172horizontal velocity components u and v.</p> </td> </tr>
    173 <tr> <td style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#building_height">building_height</a></td>
     173<tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#bottom_salinityflux"><span style="font-weight: bold;">bottom_salinityflux</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">R</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">0.0</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Kinematic salinity flux near the surface (in psu m/s).</td></tr><tr> <td style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#building_height">building_height</a></td>
    174174<td>I</td> <td>R</td> <td style="font-style: italic;">50.0</td> <td>Height
    175175of a single building in m.</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight: bold;"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#building_length_x">building_length_x</a></td>
     
    324324<p>R</p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="7%"> <p>R</p>
    325325</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="16%">
    326 <p><i>zu(3)</i></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%"> <p lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">Lower
     326<p><i>zu(3) or zu(nz*2/3)</i></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%"> <p lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">Lower
    327327limit of the vertical range for which random perturbations are to be
    328328imposed on the horizontal wind field (</font></font>in <font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">m).&nbsp;
     
    332332<p>R</p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="7%"> <p>R</p>
    333333</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="16%">
    334 <p><i>zu(nz/3)</i></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%"> <p lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">Upper
     334<p><i>zu(nz/3) or zu(nzt-3)</i></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%"> <p lang="en-GB"><font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">Upper
    335335limit of the vertical range for which random perturbations are to be
    336336imposed on the horizontal wind field (</font></font>in <font face="Thorndale, serif"><font size="3">m). <br>
     
    832832<p><i>nz+1</i></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%"> Limits
    833833the output of 3d volume data along the vertical direction (grid point
    834 index k).</td> </tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="15%"> <p><a href="chapter_4.1.html#omega"><b>omega</b></a></p>
     834index k).</td> </tr> <tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#ocean"><span style="font-weight: bold;">ocean</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">L</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">.F.</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Parameter to switch on&nbsp;ocean runs.</td></tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="15%"> <p><a href="chapter_4.1.html#omega"><b>omega</b></a></p>
    835835</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="5%">
    836836<p>I</p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="7%"> <p>R</p>
     
    11941194</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="16%">
    11951195<p><i>0.1</i></p> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="57%"> <p>Roughness
    1196 length (in m). <br> </p> </td> </tr> <tr>
     1196length (in m). <br> </p> </td> </tr> <tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_surface"><span style="font-weight: bold;">sa_surface</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">R</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">35.0</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Surface salinity (in psu).</td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient"><span style="font-weight: bold;">sa_vertical_gradient</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">R(10)</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">10 * 0.0</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Salinity gradient(s) of the initial salinity profile (in psu
     1197/ 100 m).</td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient_level"><span style="font-weight: bold;">sa_vertical_gradient_level</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">R(10)</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">10 * 0.0</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Height level from which on the salinity gradient defined by <a href="chapter_4.1.html#sa_vertical_gradient">sa_vertical_gradient</a>
     1198is effective (in m).</td></tr><tr>
    11971199<td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="15%"> <p><a href="chapter_4.1.html#scalar_advec"><b>scalar_advec</b></a></p>
    11981200</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="5%">
     
    13691371<td>I</td> <td>C * 40</td> <td><span style="font-style: italic;">'flat'</span></td> <td>Topography
    13701372mode.</td> </tr> <tr><td><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="chapter_4.1.html#top_heatflux">top_heatflux</a></td><td>I</td><td>R</td><td><span style="font-style: italic;">no prescribed heatflux</span></td><td>Kinematic
    1371 sensible heat flux at the top surface (in K m/s).</td></tr><tr>
     1373sensible heat flux at the top surface (in K m/s).</td></tr><tr><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><a href="chapter_4.1.html#top_salinityflux"><span style="font-weight: bold;">top_salinityflux</span></a></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">I</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">R</td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined"><span style="font-style: italic;">no prescribed</span><br style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-style: italic;">salinityflux</span></td><td align="undefined" valign="undefined">Kinematic
     1374salinity flux at the top boundary, i.e. the sea surface (in psu m/s).</td></tr><tr>
    13721375<td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="15%"> <p><a href="chapter_4.1.html#ug_surface"><b>ug_surface</b></a></p>
    13731376</td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;" width="5%">
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/chapter_5.0.html

    r83 r97  
    200200as the </font><a href="http://www.muk.uni-hannover.de/%7Eraasch/PALM_group/INSTALL/example_p3d"><font color="#000080">parameter
    201201file</font></a><font color="#000000">
    202 (described in </font><a href="chapter_4.4.html"><font color="#000080">chapter
    203 4.4</font></a>)<font color="#000000">. The
     202(described in </font><a href="chapter_4.4.1.html"><font color="#000080">chapter
     2034.4.1</font></a>)<font color="#000000">. The
    204204parameter file must be
    205205copied from the PALM working copy by<br>
  • palm/trunk/DOC/app/index.html

    r94 r97  
    148148<p><span style="font-family: Thorndale;" lang="EN-GB">Current
    149149model
    150 version:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.2b<br>For date of last change see bottom line of each page. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
     150version:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.<br>For date of last change see bottom line of each page. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    151151<div style="text-align: center;" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="font-family: Thorndale;">
    152152<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%"></span></div>
     
    189189</span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;"><a href="chapter_4.3.html"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">4.3</span></a></span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;" lang="EN-GB"> User-defined
    190190parameters <br>
    191 </span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;"><a href="chapter_4.4.html"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">4.4</span></a></span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;" lang="EN-GB"> Example of a
    192 minimum parameter set <br>
     191</span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;"><a href="chapter_4.4.html"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">4.4</span></a></span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;" lang="EN-GB"> Examples of parameter sets</span></p><div style="margin-left: 120px;">&nbsp; <a href="chapter_4.4.1.html">4.4.1</a> A minimum parameter set for the CBL<br>&nbsp; <a href="chapter_4.4.2.html">4.4.2</a> A parameter set for ocean runs</div><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 72pt;"><span style="font-family: Thorndale;" lang="EN-GB">
    193192</span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;"><a href="chapter_4.5.html"><span style="" lang="EN-GB">4.5</span></a></span><span style="font-family: Thorndale;" lang="EN-GB"> Data analysis and
    194193visualization <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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