Turbulence Closure

PALM offers different turbulence closures depending on the scope of the simulation.

LES

Per default, PALM is operated as an LES model using a subgrid-scale model to parameterize turbulence of size smaller than the grid size.

RANS

Switching on the RANS mode via the namelist paramter rans_mode, PALM is operated as a RANS model. Now, all turbulence is parameterized using a turbulence model.

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