Overview

This page is part of the Aerosol Model (SALSA) documentation.
It contains a listing of all PALM input parameters used to steer the SALSA.
For an overview of all SALSA-related pages, see the SALSA main page.

Parameter list

NAMELIST group name: salsa_parameters

Parameter Name	FORTRAN Type	Default Value	Explanation
advect_particle_water	L	.T.	Parameter to switch on the advection of condensed water in aerosol particles. If advect_particle_water = .F., the aerosol particle water content is calculated at each dt_salsa based on the equilibrium solution using the ZSR method (Stokes and Robinson, 1966).
aerosol_flux_dpg	R(7)	1.3E-8, 5.4E-8, 8.6E-7, 2.0E-7, 2.0E-7, 2.0E-7, 2.0E-7	The number geometric mean diameter per aerosol mode (in m) for the aerosol emission. A total of 7 different aerosol modes can be applied. Example modes: nucleation, Aitken, accumulation and coarse mode. If salsa_emission_mode= 'uniform', the aerosol number emission is described by input parameters aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a and surface_aerosol_flux.
aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a	R(7)	1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0	Mass fractions of soluble chemical components (subrange 2a) for the horizontally homogeneous aerosol emission. Given in the same order as the list of activated aerosol chemical components listspec. If salsa_emission_mode= 'uniform', the aerosol number emission is described by input parameters aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a and surface_aerosol_flux.
aerosol_flux_sigmag	R(7)	1.8, 2.16, 2.21, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0	The standard deviation of the log-normal aerosol number size distribution per aerosol mode for the aerosol emission. A total of 7 different aerosol modes can be applied. Example modes: nucleation, Aitken, accumulation and coarse mode. If salsa_emission_mode= 'uniform', the aerosol number emission is described by input parameters aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a and surface_aerosol_flux.
bc_salsa_b	C(20)	'neumann'	The bottom boundary condition of the aerosol (and gas) concentrations. Allowed are the values 'dirichlet' (constant surface concentration over the entire simulation) and 'neumann' (zero concentration gradient). If the aerosol (ans gaseous) emissions are defined as surface fluxes, bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' is required.
bc_salsa_t	C(20)	'neumann'	The top boundary condition of the aerosol (and gas) concentrations. Allowed are the values 'dirichlet' (constant top boundary concentration over the entire simulation) and 'neumann' (zero concentration gradient).
decycle_lr	L	.F.	Parameter to the switch on the decycling of aerosol particles along x. The switch applies also for gaseous compounds (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV and OCSV) if the chemistry model is not applied. The decycling method per each lateral boundary is set by decycle_method.
decycle_method	C(20) * 4	'dirichlet','dirichlet', 'dirichlet','dirichlet'	The decycling method at lateral boundaries, in the following order: left, right, south, north. If decycle_method = 'dirichlet', the initial aerosol (and gas) concentrations are copied to the ghost layers and the first three grid points at the boundary. If decycle_method = 'neumann', a zero concentration gradient is set at the boundary.
decycle_ns	L	.F.	Parameter to the switch on the decycling of aerosol particles along y. The switch applies also for gaseous compounds (H2SO4, HNO3, NH3, OCNV and OCSV) if the chemistry model is not applied. The decycling method per each lateral boundary is set by decycle_method.
depo_surf_par	C(20)	'zhang2001'	The method to solve the aerosol size specific dry deposition velocity (in m s-1) over an urban surface. Available options: 'zhang2001' (Zhang et al. 2001) 'petroff2010' (Petroff & Zhang, 2010). Note that the surface material is not specified in the included parametrisations.
depo_pcm_par	C(20)	'zhang2001'	The method to solve the aerosol size specific dry deposition velocity (in m s-1). Available options: 'zhang2001' (et al. 2001?) 'petroff2010' (& Zhang, 2010?) Note that currently the deposition velocity is calculated by default for deciduous broadleaf trees.
depo_pcm_type	C(20)	'zhang2001'	Leaf type applied in the dry deposition model. Available options: 'evergreen_needleleaf', 'evergreen_broadleaf', 'deciduous_needleleaf' and 'deciduous_broadleaf'.
depo_surf_par	C(20)	'zhang2001'	The method to solve the aerosol size specific dry deposition velocity (in m s-1) over an urban surface. Available options: 'zhang2001' (Zhang et al. 2001) 'petroff2010' (Petroff & Zhang, 2010). Note that the surface material is not specified in the included parametrisations.
dpg	R(7)	0.013, 0.054, 0.86, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2	The number geometric mean diameter per aerosol mode (in µm). A total of 7 different aerosol modes can be applied. Example modes: nucleation, Aitken, accumulation and coarse mode. If init_aerosol_type= 1, the initial aerosol size distribution is described by input parameters dpg, sigmag and n_lognorm.
dt_salsa	R	0.1	Time step for calling aerosol dynamic processes of SALSA. For switching on individual processes, see nlcnd, nlcndgas, nlcndh2oae, nlcoag, nldepo, nldepo_pcm, nldepo_surf, nldistupdate and nsnucl.
feedback_to_palm	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the dynamic feedback to the flow due to condensation of water vapour on aerosol particles. If feedback_to_palm = .F., the salsa module does not interact with the flow.
H2SO4_init	R	1.0	Initial number concentration (in m-3) of gaseous sulphuric acid H2SO4 (g).
HNO3_init	R	1.0	Initial number concentration (in m-3) of gaseous nitric acid HNO3 (g).
init_gases_type	I	1	Gas concentration initialisation type. If init_gases_type = 0, the whole modelling domain is initialised with values given in H2SO4_init, HNO3_init, NH3_init, OCNV_init and OCSV_init. If init_gases_type = 1, the initial gas concentrations are read from the input file PIDS_CHEM. In this case, also vertical profiles can be provided.
init_aerosol_type	I	1	Aerosol size distribution initialisation type. If init_aerosol_type = 0, the whole modelling domain is initialised with a constant log-normal aerosol size distribution described by input parameters dpg, sigmag and n_lognorm. If init_aerosol_type = 1, the initial aerosol size distribution is read from the input file PIDS_SALSA. In this case, also a vertical profile of the aerosol size distribution can be provided.
listspec	C*3(7)	'SO4', 6 * ' '	List of activated aerosol chemical components. Available options: SO4 = Sulphates OC = Organic carbon BC = Black carbon DU = Dust SS = Sea salt NH = Ammonia NO = Nitrates All chemical components included in the simulation must be activated here.
mass_fracs_a	R(7)	1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0	Mass fractions of soluble chemical components (subrange 2a). Given in the same order as the list of activated aerosol chemical components listspec.
mass_fracs_b	R(7)	0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0	Mass fractions of insoluble chemical components (subrange 2b). Given in the same order as the list of activated aerosol chemical components listspec. Setting mass_fracs_b > 0.0 and nf2a < 1.0 allows for the description of externally mixed aerosol particle populations in the subrange 2. However, this notably increases the computational demand. If the sum of SUM(mass_fracs_b) = 0.0, all aerosol particles are assumed to be soluble and the subrange 2b is not initialised.
n_lognorm	R(7)	1.04E5, 3.23E4, 5.4, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0	The total aerosol number concentration per aerosol mode (in cm-3). A total of 7 different aerosol modes can be applied. Example modes: nucleation, Aitken, accumulation and coarse mode. If isdtyp = 1, the initial aerosol size distribution is described by input parameters dpg, sigmag and n_lognorm.
nbin	I(2)	3, 7	Number of aerosol size bins per subrange.
nf2a	R	1.0	The number fraction allocated to subrange 2a. The number fraction allocated to the subrange 2b will be then 1.0-nf2a.
NH3_init	R	1.0	Initial number concentration (in m-3) of gaseous ammonia NH3 (g).
nj3	I	1	Parametrisation for calculating the apparent formation rate of 3 nm sized aerosol particles (J3, in # s-1). Available options: 1 = condensational sink (Kerminen and Kulmala, 2002) 2 = coagulational sink ([wiki:doc/app/salsaref/ Lehtinen et al. 2007|) 3 = coagS+self-coagulation (Anttila et al. 2010)
nlcnd	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the condensation of gaseous compounds on aerosol particles.
nlcndgas	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the condensation of gaseous compounds, excluding water vapour, on aerosol particles. Requires nlcnd = .T..
nlcndgash2oae	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the condensation of water vapour on aerosol particles. Requires nlcnd = .T..
nlcoag	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the coagulation of aerosol particles.
nldepo	L	.F.	Parameter to switch of the dry deposition and sedimentation of aerosol particles.
nldepo_surf	L	.F.	Parameter to switch aerosol dry deposition on topography elements (ground, wall, roofs). The parametrisation to calculate the size-dependent deposition velocity is set by parameter depo_surf_type. Requires nldepo = .T..
nldepo_pcm	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on aerosol dry deposition on resolved scale vegetation. The parametrisation to calculate the size-dependent deposition velocity is set by parameter depo_pcm_par. Note that currently the deposition velocity is calculated by default for deciduous broadleaf trees. Requires nldepo = .T..
nldistupdate	L	.T.	Parameter to switch on the aerosol number size distribution update switch. If nldistupdate = .F., aerosol particles that become too small or large in their size bin are not allowed to move to another size bin.
nsnucl	I	0	The nucleation scheme applied. If nsnucl = 0, nucleation is switched off. Available options: 1 = binary nucleation (Vehkamäki et al., 2002) 2 = activation type nucleation (Riipinen et al., 2007) 3 = kinetic nucleation (Sihto et al., 2006) 4 = ternary nucleation (Napari et al., 2002a,b) 5 = organic nucleation (Paasonen et al., 2010) 6 = sum of binary and organic nucleation (Paasonen et al., 2010) 7 = heteromolecular nucleation (Paasonen et al., 2010) 8 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and heteromolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and organics (Paasonen et al., 2010) 9 = homomolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and organics, and heteromolecular nucleation of H2SO4 and organics (Paasonen et al., 2010). Requires nlcnd = .T.. Note that the nucleation schemes were not evaluated inKurppa et al. (2018).
OCNV_init	R	1.0	Initial number concentration (in m-3) of gaseous non-volatile organic compounds.
OCSV_init	R	1.0	Initial number concentration (in m-3) of gaseous semi-volatile organic compounds.
read_restart_data_salsa	L	.F.	Read the restart data of the salsa module from the previous run.
reglim	R(3)	3.0E-9, 5.0E-8, 1.0E-5	Aerosol diameter limits for the subranges (in m) in the following order: lower limit of 1, upper limit of 1 and lower limit of 2, upper limit of 2.
salsa_emission_mode	C(20)	'no_source'	Emission mode for aerosol and gaseous emissions. Setting salsa_emission_mode = 'uniform' sets a horizontally homogeneous surface flux of aerosols based on surface_aerosol_flux, aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag and aerosol_mass_fracs_a. bc_salsa_b = 'neumann' is required Setting salsa_emission_mode = 'read_from_file' reads the source information from the NetCDF aero -information file. Note that all chemical components included in the simulation must be activated in listspec.
sigmag	R(7)	1.8, 2.16, 2.21, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0	The standard deviation of the log-normal aerosol number size distribution per aerosol mode. A total of 7 different aerosol modes can be applied. Example modes: nucleation, Aitken, accumulation and coarse mode. If init_aerosol_type = 0, the initial aerosol size distribution is described by input parameters dpg, sigmag and n_lognorm.
skip_time_do_salsa	R	0.0	Time after which SALSA is switched on. This parameter can be used to allow the LES model to develop turbulence before aerosol particles and their processes are switched on.
surface_aerosol_flux	R(7)	1.04e+11, 3.23E+10, 5.4E+6, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0	The total surface aerosol number flux per aerosol mode (in m-2s-1). A total of 7 different aerosol modes can be applied. Example modes: nucleation, Aitken, accumulation and coarse mode. If salsa_emission_mode= 'uniform', the aerosol number emission is described by input parameters aerosol_flux_dpg, aerosol_flux_sigmag, aerosol_flux_mass_fracs_a and surface_aerosol_flux.
van_der_waals_coagc	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the van der Waals forces when calculating the collision kernel in the coagulation subroutine. Parametrisation follows Karl et al. (2016).
write_binary_salsa	L	.F.	Write the binary restart data for the salsa module.

The following quantities can be additionally output when the aerosol module SALSA is used:

Quantity name	Meaning	Unit	Remarks
[g_<gaseous_compound>]	Concentration of <gaseous_compound>	# m-3	Options: 'g_H2SO4', 'g_HNO3', 'g_NH3', 'g_OCNV','g_OCSV'. Time-averaged output not available.
LDSA	Total lung-deposited surface area	µm2 cm-3
[N_bin<bin number>]	Aerosol number concentration in the aerosol size bin <bin number>	# m-3	Time-averaged output not available.
Ntot	Total aerosol number concentration	# m-3
PM2.5	Total mass concentration of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 µm in diameter	kg m-3
PM10	Total mass concentration of particulate matter smaller than 10 µm in diameter	kg m-3
[s_<chemical_compound>]	Mass concentration of <chemical_compound> in the aerosol phase	kg m-3	Options: 's_BC', 's_DU', 's_NH', 's_NO', 's_OC', 's_SO4', 's_SS'. Time-averaged output available only for black carbon (BC).