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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4427

Last change on this file since 4427 was 4426, checked in by oliver.maas, 5 years ago
define time as unlimited dimension so that no maximum number of time steps has to be given for wtm_data_output
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 140.4 KB

Rev	Line
[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
[4411]	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANYr
[1819]	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[3885]	17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
[4360]	18	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[3139]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4426 2020-02-27 10:02:19Z maronga $
[4426]	28	! define time as unlimited dimension so that no maximum number
	29	! of time steps has to be given for wtm_data_output
	30	!
	31	! 4423 2020-02-25 07:17:11Z maronga
[4423]	32	! Switched to serial output as data is aggerated before anyway.
	33	!
	34	! 4420 2020-02-24 14:13:56Z maronga
[4420]	35	! Added output control for wind turbine model
	36	!
	37	! 4412 2020-02-19 14:53:13Z maronga
[4412]	38	! Bugfix: corrected character length in dimension_names
	39	!
	40	! 4411 2020-02-18 14:28:02Z maronga
[4411]	41	! Added output in NetCDF format using DOM (only netcdf4-parallel is supported).
	42	! Old ASCII output is still available at the moment.
	43	!
	44	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
[4346]	45	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static
	46	! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0
	47	!
	48	! 4343 2019-12-17 12:26:12Z oliver.maas
[4343]	49	! replaced <= by < in line 1464 to ensure that ialpha will not be
	50	! greater than dlen
	51	!
	52	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
[4329]	53	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
	54	!
	55	! 4326 2019-12-06 14:16:14Z oliver.maas
[4326]	56	! changed format of turbine control output to allow for higher
	57	! torque and power values
	58	!
	59	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
[4182]	60	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	61	!
	62	! 4144 2019-08-06 09:11:47Z raasch
[4144]	63	! relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
	64	!
	65	! 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z Giersch
[4056]	66	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
	67	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
	68	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
	69	!
	70	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
[3885]	71	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
	72	! of additional debug messages
	73	!
	74	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
[3875]	75	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
	76	!
	77	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
[3832]	78	! instrumented with openmp directives
	79	!
	80	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
[3725]	81	! unused variables removed
	82	!
	83	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
[3685]	84	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
	85	!
	86	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
[3593]	87	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
[4182]	88	!
	89	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
	90	! Initial revision
	91	!
[3593]	92	!
[1819]	93	! Description:
	94	! ------------
	95	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	96	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	97	!> (ADM-R).
	98	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	99	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	100	!> yaw.
	101	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	102	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	103	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	104	!> automatically).
	105	!>
[3065]	106	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	107	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	108	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	109	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	110	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	111	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	112	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	113	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	114	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	115	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	116	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	117	!
	118	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	119	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	120
	121	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	122	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	123
[3274]	124	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2553]	125	ONLY: pi
[1819]	126
	127	USE control_parameters, &
[3885]	128	ONLY: coupling_char, &
	129	debug_output, &
[4411]	130	dt_3d, dz, end_time, message_string, time_since_reference_point,&
	131	wind_turbine, initializing_actions, origin_date_time
[1819]	132
	133	USE cpulog, &
	134	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	135
[4411]	136	USE data_output_module
	137
[1819]	138	USE grid_variables, &
	139	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	140
	141	USE indices, &
	142	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[4346]	143	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
[1819]	144
	145	USE kinds
	146
	147	USE pegrid
	148
	149
	150	IMPLICIT NONE
	151
[1864]	152	PRIVATE
[1819]	153
[4411]	154
	155
	156	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: variable_name !< name of output variable
	157	CHARACTER(LEN=30) :: nc_filename
	158
[1819]	159	!
	160	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	161
[1864]	162	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	163	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	164
[4411]	165
	166
	167	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: output_values_1d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
	168	REAL(wp), POINTER :: output_values_0d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
	169	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: output_values_1d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
	170	REAL(wp), TARGET :: output_values_0d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
	171
[1839]	172	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	173	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	174	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	175	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[4411]	176
	177	LOGICAL :: initial_write_coordinates = .FALSE.
	178
[4426]	179	REAL(wp) :: dt_data_output_wtm = 0.0_wp !< data output interval
[4420]	180	REAL(wp) :: time_wtm = 0.0_wp !< time since last data output
	181
	182
[1839]	183	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	184	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	185	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	186	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	187	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	188	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	189
[4411]	190
[1912]	191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[4411]	192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100), TARGET :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	194	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	195	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
[3725]	200	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
[1912]	201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	202
[1819]	203	!
	204	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	205	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	206
[1912]	207	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	208	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	209	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	210	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	211	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	212	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	213	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	214	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	215	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	216	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	217	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	218	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	219	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	220	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	221
[1912]	222
[1819]	223	!
	224	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	225
[1839]	226	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	227	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	228	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	229
[1819]	230	!
	231	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	232	TYPE file_status
	233	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	234	END TYPE file_status
	235
[1912]	236	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	237	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	238
	239	!
	240	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	241
[1839]	242	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	243	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	244	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	245	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	246	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	247
[1839]	248	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	249
[1912]	250	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	251	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	252	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	253	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	254	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	255	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	256	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	257	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	258
[1912]	259	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	260
[1912]	261	!
	262	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	263	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	264	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	265	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	266	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	267	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	268	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
[1819]	269
[1839]	270	!
	271	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	272	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	273	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	274	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	275	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	276
[1912]	277	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	278	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	279
[1912]	280	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	281	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	282
[1912]	283	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	284	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	285
	286	!
	287	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	288
[1839]	289	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	290	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	291	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	292	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	293	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	294	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	295	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	296	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	297	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	298	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	299	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[3832]	300	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
	301	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
[1912]	302	!
	303	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	304	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	305	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	306	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	307	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[3832]	308	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
[1819]	309
[1912]	310	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	311	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	312	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	313	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	316	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	317	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	318	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	319
	320	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	321	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	322
	323	!
	324	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	325	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	331
	332	!
	333	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	337
	338	!
	339	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	343
	344	!
	345	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	347	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	348	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	349
	350	!
	351	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	353	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	354	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	355	!
	356	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	358
[1839]	359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	367	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	368
[1839]	369	!
	370	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	371
[1912]	372	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	373
[1912]	374	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	375	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	376	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	377	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	378	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	379	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	380	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	381	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	382
[1864]	383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	384
[1839]	385	!
	386	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	387
[1912]	388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	398	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	399	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	400	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	401
[2563]	402	!
	403	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	411
[2563]	412
[1839]	413	SAVE
[1819]	414
[1839]	415
	416	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	417	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	418	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	419
[1912]	420	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	421	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	422	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[3875]	423
[4411]	424	INTERFACE wtm_data_output
	425	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_data_output
	426	END INTERFACE wtm_data_output
	427
[1839]	428	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	429	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	430	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	431
	432	INTERFACE wtm_init
	433	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	434	END INTERFACE wtm_init
[2553]	435
[4411]	436	INTERFACE wtm_init_output
	437	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_output
	438	END INTERFACE wtm_init_output
	439
[3875]	440	INTERFACE wtm_actions
	441	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
	442	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
	443	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
[1819]	444
[3875]	445	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	446	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	447	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1819]	448
[3875]	449	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	450	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	451	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	452
[3875]	453
	454	PUBLIC &
[4420]	455	dt_data_output_wtm, &
	456	time_wtm, &
	457	wind_turbine
	458
	459	PUBLIC &
[3875]	460	wtm_parin, &
	461	wtm_check_parameters, &
[4411]	462	wtm_data_output, &
[3875]	463	wtm_init_arrays, &
[4411]	464	wtm_init_output, &
[3875]	465	wtm_init, &
	466	wtm_actions, &
	467	wtm_rrd_global, &
	468	wtm_wrd_global
	469
	470
[1819]	471	CONTAINS
	472
	473
	474	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	475	! Description:
	476	! ------------
[1839]	477	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	478	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	479	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	480
	481
	482	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	483
[1839]	484	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	485
[2932]	486
	487	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
[4420]	488	air_dens, dtow, dt_data_output_wtm, gear_eff,&
	489	gear_ratio, &
[2932]	490	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	491	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	492	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	493	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	494	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	495	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	496	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	497	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2932]	498	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	499	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[1819]	500	!
[1839]	501	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	502	REWIND ( 11 )
	503	line = ' '
[3248]	504	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	505	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	506	ENDDO
	507	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	508
	509	!
	510	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[4420]	511	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10, END = 12 )
[2932]	512	!
	513	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	514	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	515
[4420]	516	GOTO 12
[2932]	517
[3246]	518	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	519	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	520	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	521
[2932]	522
[4420]	523	12 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
[1839]	524
[2563]	525
[1839]	526	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	527
[2563]	528
	529	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	530	! Description:
	531	! ------------
[2894]	532	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	533	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	534	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	535
	536
[2563]	537	IMPLICIT NONE
[4420]	538
[2776]	539
[2894]	540	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	541	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	542
	543	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	544	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	545
	546	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	547	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	548
	549	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	550	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	551
	552	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	553	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	554
	555	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	556	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	557
	558	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	559	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	560
	561	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	562	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	563
	564	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	565	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	566
	567	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	568	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	569
[2563]	570
[2894]	571	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	572
	573
	574	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	575	! Description:
	576	! ------------
	577	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	578	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	579	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	580
	581
[2894]	582	USE control_parameters, &
	583	ONLY: length, restart_string
	584
	585
[2563]	586	IMPLICIT NONE
	587
[2894]	588	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	589
	590
[2894]	591	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	592
	593
[2894]	594	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	595
[2894]	596	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	597	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	598	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	599	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	600	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	601	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	602	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	603	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	604	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	605	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	606	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	607	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	608	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	609	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	610	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	611	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	612	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	613	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	614	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	615	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	616
[2894]	617	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	618
[2894]	619	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	620
[2894]	621	END SELECT
	622
[2563]	623
[2894]	624	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	625
	626
[2563]	627	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	628	! Description:
	629	! ------------
	630	!> Check namelist parameter
	631	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	632	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	633
	634
	635	IMPLICIT NONE
	636
	637	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	638	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	639	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	640	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	641	ENDIF
	642
[2322]	643	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	644	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2792]	645	'a value equal or larger than zero'
[2322]	646	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	647	ENDIF
	648
	649
	650	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	651	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	652	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	653
	654	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	655	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	656	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	657
	658	ENDIF
	659
	660	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
[4420]	661	!
[1912]	662
[1839]	663	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	664	! Description:
	665	! ------------
	666	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	667	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	668	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	669
	670
	671	IMPLICIT NONE
	672
[1864]	673	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	674	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	675
[1839]	676	!
	677	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	678	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	679
	680	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	681	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	682
	683	nrings(:) = 0
	684	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	685
	686	!
	687	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	688	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	689	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	690	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	691
	692	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	693	!
	694	!-- Determine number of rings:
	695	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	696
	697	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	698
	699	ENDDO
	700
	701	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	702
	703	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	704	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	705
	706	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	707	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	708
	709
	710	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	711	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	712	!
	713	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	714	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	715	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	716	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	717	ENDDO
	718	!
	719	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	720	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	721
	722	ENDDO
	723
	724	!
	725	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	726	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	727
[1864]	728	!!
	729	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	730	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	731	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	732	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	733	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	734	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	735	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	736	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	737	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	738	! ENDIF
[1819]	739
	740
	741	!
	742	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	743	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	744	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	745	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	746	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	747	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	748	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	749	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	750	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	751
	752	!
	753	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	754	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	755	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	756	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	757	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	758	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	759	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	760
	761	!
	762	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	763	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	764	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	765	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	766	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	767	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	768	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	769	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	770	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	771	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	772	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	773
	774	!
	775	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	776	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	777	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	778	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	779	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	780	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	781	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	782
	783	!
	784	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	785	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	786	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	787	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	788
	789	!
	790	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	791	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	792	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	793	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	794	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	795	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	796	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	797	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	798	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	799
	800	!
	801	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	802	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	803	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	804	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	805	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	806	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	807	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	808
	809	!
	810	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	811	i_hub(:) = 0
	812	i_smear(:) = 0
	813	j_hub(:) = 0
	814	j_smear(:) = 0
	815	k_hub(:) = 0
	816	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	817
[1819]	818	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	819	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	820
[2563]	821	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	822	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	823	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	824	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	825	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	826	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	827	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	828	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	829	ENDIF
	830
[1819]	831	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	832	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	833	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	834	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	835	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	836	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	837
	838	!
	839	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	840	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	841	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	842	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	843	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	844	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	845	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	846	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	847	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	848	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	849	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	850
	851	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	852	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	853	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	854	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	855	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	856	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	857
	858	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	859	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	860	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	861
[1912]	862	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	863	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	864	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	865	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	866	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	867	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	868	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	869	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	870
	871	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	872	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	873	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	874	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	875	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	876	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	877
	878
[1839]	879	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	880
	881
	882	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	883	! Description:
	884	! ------------
[1839]	885	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	886	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	887	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	888
[1839]	889
[3065]	890	USE control_parameters, &
	891	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	892
[1819]	893	IMPLICIT NONE
	894
[4411]	895
	896
[1819]	897	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	898	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	899	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	900
[4411]	901
[1819]	902	!
[1864]	903	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	904	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	905
[1839]	906	!
[1864]	907	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	908	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	909	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
	910
	911	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	912
	913	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	914	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	915	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	916	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	917
[3885]	918	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
[3685]	919
[1864]	920	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	921	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	922	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	923	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	924
[1839]	925	!
[1819]	926	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	927	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	928	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	929	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	930	!
[1839]	931	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	932	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	933
[1839]	934	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	935	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	936	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	937	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	938	!
[1839]	939	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	940	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	941	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	942	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	943	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	944	!
[3065]	945	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	946	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	947	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	948	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	949	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	950	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	951	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	952	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	953	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	954	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	955	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	956	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	957	ENDIF
	958	!
[1819]	959	!-- Square of eps_min:
	960	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	961	!
	962	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	963	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	964	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	965	!
[1839]	966	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	967	!-- function:
	968	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	969
[1864]	970	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	971	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	972
[1819]	973	!
[1864]	974	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	975	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	976	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	977	ENDIF
[1819]	978
[1864]	979
[1819]	980	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	981	!
[1864]	982	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	983	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	984
	985	!
	986	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	987	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	988	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	989	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	990
	991	!
	992	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	993	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	994	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	995	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	996	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	997	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	998	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	999
[1819]	1000	ENDDO
	1001
	1002	!
[2792]	1003	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1004	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1005	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1006
[3875]	1007	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
[2792]	1008
	1009	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1010
	1011	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1012
	1013	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1014	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1015	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1016	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1017	ENDIF
	1018
	1019	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1020	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1021	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1022	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1023	ENDIF
	1024
	1025	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1026	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1027	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1028	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1029	ENDIF
	1030
	1031	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1032	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1033	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1034	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1035	ENDIF
	1036
	1037	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1038	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1039
	1040	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1041
	1042	ENDIF
	1043	ENDIF
	1044
	1045	END DO
	1046
	1047	ENDIF
	1048
	1049	ENDIF
	1050
	1051	!
[1819]	1052	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1053	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1054	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1055	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1056	!
	1057	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1058	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1059
	1060	!
	1061	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1062	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1063	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1064
	1065	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1066
	1067	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1068
[1839]	1069
	1070	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1071	!
[1839]	1072	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1073	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1074	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1075	i = i_hub(inot)
	1076
	1077	!
[1839]	1078	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1079	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1080	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1081	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1082	!
[1839]	1083	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1084	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1085	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1086	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1087	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1088	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1089	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1090
	1091	!
	1092	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1093	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1094	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1095	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1096
	1097	!
	1098	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1099	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1100	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1101
	1102	DO j = nys, nyn
	1103	!
[1839]	1104	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1105	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1106
[1819]	1107	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1108
	1109	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1110	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1111	!
[1819]	1112	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1113	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1114	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1115	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1116	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1117	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1118	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1119	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1120	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1121	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1122	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1123	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1124	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1125	!
	1126	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1127	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1128	ELSE
[1912]	1129	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1130	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1131	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1132	ENDIF
	1133	!
	1134	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1135	ELSE
[3065]	1136	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1137	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1138	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1139	ENDIF
[1839]	1140	!
	1141	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1142	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1143	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1144
[1839]	1145	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1146	!
[1819]	1147	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1148	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1149	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1150	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1151	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1152	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1153	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1154	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1155	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1156	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1157	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1158	!
	1159	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1160	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1161	ELSE
[3065]	1162	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1163	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1164	ENDIF
[1839]	1165	!
[1819]	1166	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1167	ELSE
[3065]	1168	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1169	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1170	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1171
	1172	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1173
	1174	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1175
	1176	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1177
	1178	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1179
	1180	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1181
[1839]	1182
[1912]	1183	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1184
[1839]	1185	!
[1864]	1186	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1187	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1188	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1189	!!
	1190	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1191	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1192	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1193	!
	1194	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1195	!
	1196	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1197	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1198	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1199	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1200	!!
	1201	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1202	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1203	!!
	1204	!!-- top intersection point
	1205	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1206	! ELSE
	1207	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1208	! ENDIF
	1209	! ENDDO
	1210	!
	1211	!
	1212	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1213	!!
	1214	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1215	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1216	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1217	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1218	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1219	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1220	!!
	1221	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1222	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1223	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1224	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1225	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1226	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1227	!!
	1228	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1229	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1230	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1231	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1232	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1233	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1234	! dz_int = dz
	1235	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1236	!!
	1237	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1238	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1239	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1240	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1241	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1242	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1243	! ENDIF
	1244	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1245	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1246	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1247	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1248	! ENDIF
	1249	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1250	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1251	! ENDIF
	1252	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1253	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1254	! ENDIF
	1255	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1256	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1257	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1258	! ENDIF
	1259	! ENDDO
	1260	! ENDIF
	1261	! ENDDO
	1262	! ENDIF
[1819]	1263	!
[1864]	1264	! ENDDO
[1819]	1265	!
[1912]	1266	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1267
[1864]	1268	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1269
[3065]	1270	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1271	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1272
[1912]	1273	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[3685]	1274
[4411]	1275
	1276
	1277
	1278
[3885]	1279	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
[1839]	1280
[1864]	1281	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1282
	1283
[4411]	1284
[4423]	1285	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_output
[4411]	1286
	1287
[4426]	1288	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps !< number of timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
	1289	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps_max = 80000 !< number of maximum timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
[4423]	1290	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
	1291
	1292	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index
[4411]	1293
[4423]	1294	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ndim !< dummy to write dimension
[4411]	1295
	1296
	1297	!
[4423]	1298	!-- Create NetCDF output file
	1299	nc_filename = 'DATA_1D_TS_WTM_NETCDF' // TRIM( coupling_char )
	1300	return_value = dom_def_file( nc_filename, 'netcdf4-serial' )
[4411]	1301
[4423]	1302	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
[4411]	1303	!
	1304	!-- Define dimensions in output file
	1305	ALLOCATE( ndim(1:nturbines) )
	1306	DO n = 1, nturbines
	1307	ndim(n) = n
	1308	ENDDO
	1309	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
	1310	dimension_name = 'turbine', &
	1311	output_type = 'int32', &
	1312	bounds = (/1_iwp, nturbines/), &
	1313	values_int32 = ndim )
	1314	DEALLOCATE( ndim )
	1315
	1316	!
	1317	!-- time
	1318	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
[4426]	1319	dimension_name = 'time', &
	1320	output_type = 'real32', &
	1321	bounds = (/1_iwp/), &
	1322	values_realwp = (/0.0_wp/) )
[4411]	1323
	1324	!
	1325	!-- x
	1326	variable_name = 'x'
	1327	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1328	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1329	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
	1330	output_type = 'real32' )
	1331	!
	1332	!-- y
	1333	variable_name = 'y'
	1334	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1335	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1336	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
	1337	output_type = 'real32' )
	1338
	1339	variable_name = 'z'
	1340	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1341	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1342	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
	1343	output_type = 'real32' )
	1344
	1345
	1346	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1347	variable_name = 'time', &
	1348	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1349	value = 'seconds since ' // origin_date_time )
	1350
	1351	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1352	variable_name = 'x', &
	1353	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1354	value = 'm' )
	1355
	1356	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1357	variable_name = 'y', &
	1358	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1359	value = 'm' )
	1360
	1361	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1362	variable_name = 'z', &
	1363	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1364	value = 'm' )
	1365
	1366	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1367	variable_name = 'x', &
	1368	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1369	value = 'x location of rotor center' )
	1370
	1371	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1372	variable_name = 'y', &
	1373	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1374	value = 'y location of rotor center' )
	1375
	1376	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1377	variable_name = 'z', &
	1378	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1379	value = 'z location of rotor center' )
	1380
	1381
	1382	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1383	variable_name = 'turbine_name', &
	1384	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
	1385	value = 'turbine name')
	1386
	1387	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1388	variable_name = 'time', &
	1389	attribute_name = 'standard_name', &
	1390	value = 'time')
	1391
	1392	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1393	variable_name = 'time', &
	1394	attribute_name = 'axis', &
	1395	value = 'T')
	1396
	1397	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1398	variable_name = 'x', &
	1399	attribute_name = 'axis', &
	1400	value = 'X' )
	1401
	1402	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1403	variable_name = 'y', &
	1404	attribute_name = 'axis', &
	1405	value = 'Y' )
	1406
	1407
	1408	variable_name = 'rotor_speed'
	1409	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1410	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1411	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1412	output_type = 'real32' )
	1413
	1414	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1415	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1416	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1417	value = 'rad/s' )
	1418
	1419	variable_name = 'generator_speed'
	1420	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1421	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1422	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1423	output_type = 'real32' )
	1424
	1425	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1426	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1427	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1428	value = 'rad/s' )
	1429
	1430
	1431	variable_name = 'generator_torque'
	1432	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1433	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1434	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1435	output_type = 'real32' )
	1436
	1437	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1438	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1439	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1440	value = 'Nm' )
	1441
	1442	variable_name = 'rotor_torque'
	1443	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1444	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1445	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1446	output_type = 'real32' )
	1447
	1448	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1449	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1450	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1451	value = 'Nm' )
	1452
	1453	variable_name = 'pitch_angle'
	1454	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1455	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1456	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1457	output_type = 'real32' )
	1458
	1459	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1460	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1461	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1462	value = 'degrees' )
	1463
	1464	variable_name = 'generator_power'
	1465	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1466	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1467	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1468	output_type = 'real32' )
	1469
	1470	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1471	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1472	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1473	value = 'W' )
	1474
	1475	variable_name = 'rotor_power'
	1476	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1477	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1478	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1479	output_type = 'real32' )
	1480
	1481	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1482	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1483	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1484	value = 'W' )
	1485
	1486	variable_name = 'rotor_thrust'
	1487	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1488	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1489	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1490	output_type = 'real32' )
	1491
	1492	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1493	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1494	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1495	value = 'N' )
	1496
	1497
	1498	variable_name = 'wind_direction'
	1499	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1500	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1501	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1502	output_type = 'real32' )
	1503
	1504	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1505	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1506	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1507	value = 'degrees' )
	1508
	1509	variable_name = 'yaw_angle'
	1510	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
	1511	variable_name = variable_name, &
[4412]	1512	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
[4411]	1513	output_type = 'real32' )
	1514
	1515	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
	1516	variable_name = variable_name, &
	1517	attribute_name = 'units', &
	1518	value = 'degrees' )
[4423]	1519
	1520	ENDIF
	1521	END SUBROUTINE
[4411]	1522
[1819]	1523	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1524	! Description:
	1525	! ------------
	1526	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1527	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1528	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1529	!
	1530	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1531
[1839]	1532
[1864]	1533	IMPLICIT NONE
	1534
	1535	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1536	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1537
[1864]	1538	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1539
	1540	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1541
[1864]	1542	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1543	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1544	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1545	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1546	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1547	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1548	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1549	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1550	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1551	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1552
[1864]	1553	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1554	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1555	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1556
[1864]	1557	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1558	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1559
[1864]	1560	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1561	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1562	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1563	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1564	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1565
[1864]	1566	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1567	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1568	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1569	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1570	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1571
[1864]	1572	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1573
[1864]	1574	!
	1575	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1576	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1577
[2323]	1578	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1579
	1580	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1581	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1582	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1583	ENDIF
	1584	!
	1585	!-- Read distribution table:
	1586
	1587	dlen = 0
	1588
[2323]	1589	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1590
	1591	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1592	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1593	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1594	dlen = dlen + 1
	1595	ENDDO rloop3
	1596
	1597	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1598
	1599	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1600	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1601	ENDDO
	1602
	1603	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1604	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1605	ENDDO
	1606
	1607	!
	1608	!-- Read layout table:
	1609
[1839]	1610	dlen = 0
[1864]	1611
[2323]	1612	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1613
[1843]	1614	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1615	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1616	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1617	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1618	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1619
[1839]	1620	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1621	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1622	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1623	ENDDO
	1624	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1625	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1626	ENDDO
[1819]	1627
[1864]	1628	!
	1629	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1630
[1864]	1631	dlen = 0
	1632
[2323]	1633	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1634
[1843]	1635	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1636	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1637	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1638	dlen = dlen + 1
	1639	ENDDO rloop2
	1640
[1912]	1641	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1642	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1643
	1644	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1645	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1646	ENDDO
	1647
[1839]	1648	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1649	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1650	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1651	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1652	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1653	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1654	ENDDO
[1864]	1655
[1839]	1656	ENDDO
[1864]	1657
	1658	dlenbl = dlen
	1659
[2323]	1660	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1661
[1864]	1662	!
[2836]	1663	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1664	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1665	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1666	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1667	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1668
[2836]	1669	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1670	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1671	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1672	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1673
[1864]	1674	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1675	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1676
[2836]	1677	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1678	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1679
[2836]	1680	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1681
[2836]	1682	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1683	!
	1684	!-- Find position in table 1
	1685	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1686	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1687
[4144]	1688	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) > 0.0 ) THEN
[2836]	1689	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1690	ENDIF
[1864]	1691
[2836]	1692	trow = lct(1)
	1693	!
	1694	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1695	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1696	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1697	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1698	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1699
[4144]	1700	IF ( t1 == t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1701	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1702	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
[2836]	1703	ENDIF
	1704
	1705	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1706	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1707	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1708	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1709	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1710
[3593]	1711	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
[2836]	1712	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1713	! explicitly
	1714	ELSE
	1715	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1716	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1717	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1718	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1719	!
[3593]	1720	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
[2836]	1721	!-- explicitly
	1722	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1723	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1724	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1725	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1726	ENDIF
	1727
	1728	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1729
[1864]	1730	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1731	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1732
[4343]	1733	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha < dlen ) )
[1864]	1734	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1735	ENDDO
[1819]	1736
[1864]	1737	!
[1912]	1738	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1739	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1740
[1912]	1741	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1742	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1743	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1744	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1745	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1746	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1747	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1748	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1749	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1750	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1751	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1752	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1753	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1754	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1755	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1756	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1757	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1758	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1759	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1760	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1761	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1762	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1763	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1764	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1765
[1912]	1766	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1767
	1768	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1769
[2836]	1770
[1912]	1771	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1772
	1773
[1864]	1774	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1775	! Description:
	1776	! ------------
	1777	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1778	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1779	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1780	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1781
[1864]	1782
	1783	IMPLICIT NONE
	1784
	1785	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1786	!
	1787	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1788	!-- the rotors
	1789	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1790	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1791	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1792
	1793	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1794	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1795	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1796
	1797	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1798	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1799	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1800
[1864]	1801	!
	1802	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1803	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1804
[1912]	1805	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1806	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1807	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1808	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1809	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1810	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1811	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1812	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1813	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1814	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1815	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1816	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1817	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1818	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1819	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1820	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1821	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1822	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1823	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1824	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1825	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1826	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1827	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1828	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1829
[1864]	1830	!
	1831	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1832	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1833	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1834	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1835	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1836
	1837	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1838
	1839
[1819]	1840	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1841	! Description:
	1842	! ------------
[1839]	1843	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1844	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1845	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1846
[1864]	1847
[1819]	1848	IMPLICIT NONE
	1849
[2669]	1850	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1851
[1839]	1852	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1853	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1854	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1855	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1856	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1857	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[4411]	1858
[2232]	1859	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1860	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1861	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1862
	1863	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1864	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1865
	1866	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
[4411]	1867
[1912]	1868
[1839]	1869	!
[1819]	1870	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1871	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1872
[3241]	1873	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1874	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1875
	1876	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1877
	1878
[1864]	1879	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1880
	1881
[4411]	1882	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	1883
[1864]	1884	!
[1819]	1885	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1886	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1887	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1888	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1889	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1890	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1891	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1892	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1893	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1894	!
	1895	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1896	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1897
	1898	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1899	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1900	!
[1839]	1901	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1902
	1903	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
	1904	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
	1905	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1906	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1907
	1908	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1909	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1910	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1911	!
	1912	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1913	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1914
	1915	!
[1839]	1916	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1917	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1918	!
[1864]	1919	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1920	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1921	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1922	!
[1864]	1923	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1924	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1925	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1926	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1927	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1928	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1929
[1864]	1930	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1931	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1932	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1933	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1934	re(3) = sin_rot
	1935
	1936	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1937	!
	1938	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1939	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1940	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1941	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1942
[1864]	1943	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1944	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1945	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1946	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1947	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1948
	1949	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1950	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1951
	1952	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1953	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1954
	1955	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1956	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1957
	1958	!
	1959	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1960
	1961	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1962	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1963	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1964	!
[1864]	1965	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1966	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1967	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1968	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1969
[1839]	1970	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1971	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1972	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1973	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1974	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1975	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1976	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1977	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1978	gg = dx * dy
	1979
[1864]	1980	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1981	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1982	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1983	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1984	) / gg
	1985
[1864]	1986	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1987	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1988	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1989	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1990	) / gg
	1991
[1864]	1992	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	1993	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1994	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1995
	1996	ELSE
	1997	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1998	ENDIF
	1999	ELSE
	2000	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2001	ENDIF
	2002
	2003
	2004	!
	2005	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	2006	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	2007	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	2008	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	2009	!
[1864]	2010	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	2011	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	2012	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	2013	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	2014
[1839]	2015	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2016	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2017	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2018	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2019	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2020	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	2021	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2022	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	2023	gg = dx * dy
	2024
[1864]	2025	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	2026	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	2027	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	2028	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2029	) / gg
	2030
[1864]	2031	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	2032	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	2033	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	2034	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2035	) / gg
	2036
[1864]	2037	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	2038	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	2039	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	2040
	2041	ELSE
	2042	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2043	ENDIF
	2044	ELSE
	2045	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2046	ENDIF
	2047
	2048
	2049	!
	2050	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	2051	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	2052	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	2053	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	2054	!
[1864]	2055	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	2056	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	2057	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	2058	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	2059
[1839]	2060	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2061	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2062	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2063	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	2064	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	2065	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	2066	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	2067	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	2068	gg = dx * dy
	2069
[1864]	2070	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	2071	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	2072	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	2073	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2074	) / gg
	2075
[1864]	2076	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	2077	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	2078	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	2079	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	2080	) / gg
	2081
[1864]	2082	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	2083	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	2084	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	2085	ELSE
	2086	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2087	ENDIF
	2088	ELSE
	2089	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2090	ENDIF
	2091
	2092	ENDDO
	2093	ENDDO
[3832]	2094	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2095
	2096	ENDDO
	2097
	2098	!
	2099	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	2100	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	2101	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	2102	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2103	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	2104	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2105	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	2106	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	2107	#else
	2108	u_int = u_int_1_l
	2109	v_int = v_int_1_l
	2110	w_int = w_int_1_l
	2111	#endif
	2112
	2113
	2114	!
	2115	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	2116
[1819]	2117	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	2118	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	2119
[1912]	2120	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	2121	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	2122	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	2123	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	2124	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	2125	ELSE
	2126	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	2127	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	2128	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	2129	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	2130	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	2131	ENDIF
[1819]	2132	ENDIF
	2133
[1839]	2134	!
	2135	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	2136	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
	2137	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
	2138	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
	2139	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
	2140	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
	2141	!$OMP DO
[1819]	2142	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2143	!
	2144	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	2145	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	2146	!
	2147	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	2148	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2149	!
[1839]	2150	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	2151	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	2152	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	2153	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2154	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	2155	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	2156	!
[1839]	2157	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	2158	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	2159	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	2160	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	2161	re(3) = sin_rot
	2162
[1864]	2163	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	2164	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	2165	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	2166	rea(3) = cos_rot
	2167
	2168	!
[1864]	2169	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	2170	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	2171	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	2172	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	2173	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	2174	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	2175	!
	2176	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	2177	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	2178	!-- tilt:
[1819]	2179	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	2180	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	2181	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	2182	!
	2183	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2184	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2185
	2186	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2187
	2188	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2189
	2190	!
[1864]	2191	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2192	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2193	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2194	!
[1864]	2195	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2196	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2197	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2198	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2199	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2200	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2201	!
	2202	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2203	!
[1819]	2204	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2205	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2206	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2207	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2208	!
[1864]	2209	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2210	!-- direction:
	2211	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2212	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2213	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2214	!
[1864]	2215	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2216	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2217
[1864]	2218	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	2219	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2220	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2221
	2222	!
[1864]	2223	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2224	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2225
	2226	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2227	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2228
	2229	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2230	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2231	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2232	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2233	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2234	ELSE
[1864]	2235	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2236	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2237	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2238	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2239	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2240	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2241	ENDIF
	2242
	2243	!
[1864]	2244	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2245	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2246	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2247	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2248	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2249	!
[1864]	2250	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2251	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2252	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2253	!
[1864]	2254	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2255	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2256	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2257	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2258	!
[1864]	2259	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2260	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2261
	2262	!
[1864]	2263	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2264	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2265	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2266	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2267	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2268
	2269	!
[1864]	2270	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2271	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2272	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2273	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2274
	2275	!
[1864]	2276	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2277	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2278
	2279	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2280	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2281	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2282	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2283	ELSE
[1864]	2284	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2285	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2286	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2287	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2288	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2289	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2290	ENDIF
	2291
	2292	!
	2293	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2294	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2295	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2296	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2297	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2298	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2299	!
	2300	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2301	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2302	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2303	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2304	!
[1864]	2305	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2306	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2307	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2308	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2309
	2310	!
[1864]	2311	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2312	!-- angles given in radian:
	2313	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2314	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2315
[2152]	2316	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2317
	2318	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2319	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2320	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2321	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2322	!--
	2323	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2324	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2325	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2326
	2327	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2328
[2894]	2329	ENDIF
[1819]	2330	!
	2331	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2332	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2333	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2334
	2335	!
[1864]	2336	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2337
	2338	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2339	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2340
	2341	!
[1864]	2342	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2343	!-- for each ring segment:
	2344	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2345	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2346	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2347
	2348	!
[1864]	2349	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2350	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2351	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2352	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2353	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2354	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2355	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2356	!
	2357	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2358	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2359	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2360
	2361	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2362	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2363
[1912]	2364	!
	2365	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
[3832]	2366	!$OMP CRITICAL
[1912]	2367	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2368	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2369
	2370
[1819]	2371	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
[3832]	2372	!$OMP END CRITICAL
[1819]	2373
[1864]	2374	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2375
	2376	!
[1864]	2377	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2378	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2379	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2380	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2381	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2382
	2383
[1864]	2384	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[3832]	2385	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2386
	2387
[1864]	2388	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2389
[1912]	2390
	2391	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2392	!
	2393	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2394
	2395	!
	2396	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2397	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2398	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2399	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2400	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2401	( inertia_rot + &
	2402	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2403
[1912]	2404	!
	2405	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2406	!-- and rotor speed
	2407	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2408
	2409	ENDIF
	2410
[1864]	2411	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2412
[1912]	2413	!
	2414	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2415	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2416	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2417	!-- gain
	2418	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2419	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2420	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2421	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2422	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2423	!
	2424	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2425	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2426	ENDIF
[1912]	2427
	2428	!
	2429	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2430	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2431	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2432	ENDIF
[1912]	2433	EXIT pit_loop
	2434	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2435
[1864]	2436
[1819]	2437	!
[1864]	2438	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2439
[1819]	2440	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2441	!
[1864]	2442	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2443	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2444	THEN
	2445	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2446	THEN
[1864]	2447	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2448	ENDIF
[1912]	2449	ENDIF
[1864]	2450
[1819]	2451	ENDIF
	2452
	2453
[1864]	2454	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2455
[1864]	2456	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2457
	2458
[1864]	2459	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2460	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2461	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2462	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2463	!
[1864]	2464	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2465	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2466	!
	2467	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2468	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2469	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2470	!-- consideration
[1819]	2471	!
[1864]	2472	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2473	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2474	!
	2475	!--
	2476	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2477	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2478	eps_min ) / dx )
	2479	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2480	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2481
[3832]	2482	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
	2483	!$OMP DO
[1864]	2484	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2485	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2486	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2487	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2488	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2489	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2490	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2491	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2492	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2493	!
[2232]	2494	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
[4346]	2495	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[2232]	2496
	2497	!
[1819]	2498	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2499	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2500	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2501	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2502	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2503	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2504	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2505	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2506	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2507	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2508	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2509
	2510	!
	2511	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2512	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2513	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2514	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2515	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2516	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2517	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2518	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2519	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2520	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2521	flag
[1819]	2522	ENDIF
	2523	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2524	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2525	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2526	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2527	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2528	flag
[1819]	2529	ENDIF
	2530	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2531	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2532	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2533	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2534	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2535	flag
[1819]	2536	ENDIF
	2537
	2538	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2539	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2540
	2541	!
	2542	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2543	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2544	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2545	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2546	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2547	) * flag
[1819]	2548
[2232]	2549	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2550	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2551	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2552	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2553	) * flag
[1819]	2554
[2232]	2555	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2556	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2557	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2558	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2559	) * flag
[1819]	2560
	2561	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2562	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2563	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
[3832]	2564	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2565
[1864]	2566	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2567
[1912]	2568	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2569
	2570
	2571	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2572	!
	2573	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2574	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2575	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2576	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2577	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2578	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2579	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2580
[1864]	2581	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2582	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2583	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2584	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2585	start_up = .FALSE.
	2586	ENDIF
	2587
	2588	!
	2589	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2590	!--
	2591	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2592	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2593	!
	2594	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2595	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2596	THEN
	2597	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2598	THEN
[1864]	2599
[1819]	2600	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2601
[1912]	2602	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2603	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2604	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2605	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2606	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2607
	2608	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2609
[1819]	2610	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2611
[1819]	2612	ENDIF
	2613	ENDIF
	2614
[1864]	2615	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2616
	2617	!
[1929]	2618	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2619	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2620	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2621	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2622	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2623	comm2d, ierr )
	2624	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2625	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2626	#else
	2627	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2628	wdir = wdir_l
	2629	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2630
	2631
[1929]	2632	#endif
[1819]	2633	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2634	!
	2635	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2636	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2637
	2638	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2639
[2894]	2640	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2641
	2642	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2643	!
	2644	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2645	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2646	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2647	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2648	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2649	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2650	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2651	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2652	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2653	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2654	#else
	2655	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2656	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2657	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2658	#endif
[1864]	2659
	2660	ENDIF
[1819]	2661
[4411]	2662
	2663
	2664
[1819]	2665	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2666
[4411]	2667
	2668
[1819]	2669	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2670	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
[4411]	2671	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2672	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2673	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2674	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2675	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2676	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2677	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2678	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2679
[1819]	2680	ELSE
	2681
[2669]	2682	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2683	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2684	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2685	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2686	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
[4411]	2687	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2688	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2689	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2690	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2691	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2692	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2693	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2694	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2695	ENDIF
	2696	ENDIF
	2697
[1912]	2698	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2699	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2700	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2701
[4411]	2702
	2703
	2704	ENDIF
[1819]	2705
[4411]	2706
[1864]	2707	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2708
[1912]	2709	!
	2710	!-- Formats
[1819]	2711	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2712	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
[4326]	2713	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed GenTorque AeroTorque ', &
	2714	'Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) RotThrust WDirection ', &
	2715	'YawOrient')
[1819]	2716
[4326]	2717	106 FORMAT (F9.2,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F12.1,3X,F12.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F12.1,2X, &
	2718	F12.1,1X,F12.1,4X,F7.2,4X,F7.2)
[1819]	2719
[4411]	2720
	2721
[1819]	2722	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2723
	2724
[1839]	2725	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2726	! Description:
	2727	! ------------
	2728	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2729	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2730	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2731
[1819]	2732	USE kinds
[1839]	2733
	2734	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2735
	2736	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2737	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2738	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2739
	2740	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2741
	2742	!
[1864]	2743	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2744	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
[3593]	2745	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2746	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
[1864]	2747	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2748	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2749	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2750	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2751	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2752	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2753	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2754	!
	2755	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2756	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2757	!
[1864]	2758	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2759	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2760	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2761	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2762	!
[1864]	2763	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2764	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2765
	2766	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2767	!
[1864]	2768	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2769	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2770	!
[1864]	2771	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2772	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2773	!
[1864]	2774	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2775	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2776	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2777	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2778	ENDIF
	2779	ENDIF
	2780
	2781	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2782
	2783	!
[1864]	2784	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2785	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2786	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2787
	2788	ELSE
	2789	!
	2790	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2791	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2792	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2793	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2794	!
[1864]	2795	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2796	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2797	!
	2798	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2799	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2800	!
	2801	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2802	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2803	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2804	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2805	!
	2806	!-- Continue yawing
	2807	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2808	ELSE
[1864]	2809	!
	2810	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2811	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2812	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2813	ENDIF
	2814	ELSE
[1864]	2815	!
	2816	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2817	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2818	ENDIF
	2819
	2820	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2821
	2822	ENDIF
	2823
[1839]	2824	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2825
[1864]	2826
[1819]	2827	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2828	! Description:
	2829	! ------------
[1864]	2830	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2831	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2832	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2833
	2834
	2835	IMPLICIT NONE
	2836
	2837	!
	2838	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2839	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2840	!
	2841	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2842	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2843	!
	2844	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2845	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2846	!
	2847	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2848	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2849	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2850	!
	2851	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2852	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2853	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2854	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2855	!
	2856	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2857	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2858	!
	2859	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2860	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2861	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2862	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2863	ENDIF
[1864]	2864
	2865	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2866
	2867
	2868	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2869	! Description:
	2870	! ------------
	2871	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2872	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2873	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2874
	2875
	2876	IMPLICIT NONE
	2877
[1912]	2878	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2879
	2880
[1864]	2881
	2882	!
	2883	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2884	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2885	!-- offshore system developement"
	2886
	2887	!
	2888	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2889	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2890	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2891	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2892	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2893
	2894	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2895	!
	2896	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2897	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2898
	2899	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2900	!
	2901	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2902	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2903
	2904	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2905	!
	2906	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2907	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2908	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2909
	2910	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2911	!
	2912	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2913	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2914
	2915	ELSE
	2916	!
	2917	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2918	!-- keep the power constant:
	2919	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2920
	2921	ENDIF
	2922	!
	2923	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2924	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2925	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2926	!
	2927	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2928	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2929	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2930	!
	2931	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2932	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2933
	2934
	2935	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2936
	2937
	2938	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2939	! Description:
	2940	! ------------
[1839]	2941	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2942	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2943	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2944	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	2945	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
[1819]	2946
	2947
[3875]	2948	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
	2949
[1839]	2950	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2951	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2952	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2953
	2954
[3875]	2955	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	2956
[3875]	2957	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	2958
	2959	CALL wtm_forces
	2960
	2961	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	2962	!
	2963	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[4411]	2964	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2965	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2966	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2967	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2968	!
[1864]	2969	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2970	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2971	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2972	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2973	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2974
[2232]	2975	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2976	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2977	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	2978	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2979	ENDDO
	2980	ENDDO
	2981	ENDDO
	2982	ENDIF
	2983
[3875]	2984	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	2985	!
	2986	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[4411]	2987	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2988	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2989	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2990	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2991	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2992	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2993	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2994	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2995	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2996	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2997	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	2998	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2999	ENDDO
	3000	ENDDO
	3001	ENDDO
	3002	ENDIF
	3003
[3875]	3004	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	3005	!
	3006	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[4411]	3007	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	3008	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	3009	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	3010	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	3011	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	3012	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3013	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	3014	ENDDO
	3015	ENDDO
	3016	ENDDO
	3017	ENDIF
	3018
	3019
	3020	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	3021	CONTINUE
[1819]	3022
	3023	END SELECT
	3024
	3025
[3875]	3026	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
[1819]	3027
	3028
	3029	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	3030	! Description:
	3031	! ------------
[1839]	3032	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	3033	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	3034	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	3035	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	3036	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
[1819]	3037
	3038
[3875]	3039	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
[1839]	3040	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	3041	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	3042	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	3043
[3875]	3044	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	3045
[3875]	3046	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	3047
	3048	CALL wtm_forces
	3049
	3050	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	3051	!
	3052	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[4411]	3053	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	3054	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	3055	!
[1839]	3056	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	3057	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3058	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	3059	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3060	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	3061	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	3062	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	3063	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3064	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	3065	ENDDO
	3066	ENDIF
	3067
[3875]	3068	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	3069	!
	3070	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[4411]	3071	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	3072	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	3073	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3074	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	3075	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	3076	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	3077	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	3078	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	3079	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3080	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	3081	ENDDO
[1819]	3082	ENDIF
	3083
[3875]	3084	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	3085	!
	3086	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[4411]	3087	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	3088	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	3089	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	3090	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[4346]	3091	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	3092	ENDDO
	3093	ENDIF
	3094
	3095
	3096	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	3097	CONTINUE
[1819]	3098
	3099	END SELECT
	3100
	3101
[3875]	3102	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
[1819]	3103
[4411]	3104
	3105	SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
	3106
	3107
[4423]	3108	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_ind = 0 !< time index
[4411]	3109
	3110	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
	3111
[4423]	3112	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	3113
[4411]	3114	!
[4423]	3115	!-- At the first call of this routine write the spatial coordinates.
	3116	IF ( .NOT. initial_write_coordinates ) THEN
	3117	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
	3118	output_values_1d_target = rcx(1:nturbines)
	3119	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3120	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3121	'x', &
	3122	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3123	bounds_start = (/1/), &
	3124	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
[4411]	3125
[4423]	3126	output_values_1d_target = rcy(1:nturbines)
	3127	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3128	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3129	'y', &
	3130	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3131	bounds_start = (/1/), &
	3132	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
[4411]	3133
[4423]	3134	output_values_1d_target = rcz(1:nturbines)
	3135	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3136	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3137	'z', &
	3138	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3139	bounds_start = (/1/), &
	3140	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
[4411]	3141
[4423]	3142	initial_write_coordinates = .TRUE.
	3143	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
	3144	ENDIF
[4411]	3145
[4423]	3146	t_ind = t_ind + 1
[4411]	3147
[4423]	3148	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
	3149	output_values_1d_target = omega_rot(:)
	3150	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3151
[4423]	3152	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3153	'rotor_speed', &
	3154	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3155	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3156	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3157
[4423]	3158	output_values_1d_target = omega_gen(:)
	3159	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
	3160	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3161	'generator_speed', &
	3162	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3163	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3164	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3165
[4423]	3166	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)
	3167	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3168
[4423]	3169	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3170	'generator_torque', &
	3171	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3172	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3173	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3174
[4423]	3175	output_values_1d_target = torque_total(:)
	3176	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3177
[4423]	3178	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3179	'rotor_torque', &
	3180	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3181	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3182	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3183
[4423]	3184	output_values_1d_target = pitch_add(:)
	3185	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3186
[4423]	3187	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3188	'pitch_angle', &
	3189	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3190	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3191	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3192
[4423]	3193	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)omega_gen(:)gen_eff
	3194	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3195
[4423]	3196	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3197	'generator_power', &
	3198	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3199	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3200	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3201
[4423]	3202	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	3203	output_values_1d_target(inot) = torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens
	3204	ENDDO
	3205	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3206
[4423]	3207	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3208	'rotor_power', &
	3209	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3210	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3211	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3212
[4423]	3213	output_values_1d_target = thrust_rotor(:)
	3214	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3215
[4423]	3216	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3217	'rotor_thrust', &
	3218	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3219	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3220	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3221
[4423]	3222	output_values_1d_target = wdir(:)*180.0_wp/pi
	3223	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3224
[4423]	3225	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3226	'wind_direction', &
	3227	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3228	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3229	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3230
[4423]	3231	output_values_1d_target = (phi_yaw(:))*180.0_wp/pi
	3232	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
[4411]	3233
[4423]	3234	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3235	'yaw_angle', &
	3236	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
	3237	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
	3238	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
[4411]	3239
[4423]	3240	output_values_0d_target = time_since_reference_point
	3241	output_values_0d_pointer => output_values_0d_target
[4411]	3242
[4423]	3243	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
	3244	'time', &
	3245	values_realwp_0d = output_values_0d_pointer, &
	3246	bounds_start = (/t_ind/), &
[4411]	3247	bounds_end = (/t_ind/) )
	3248
[4423]	3249	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
[4411]	3250
[4423]	3251	ENDIF
[4411]	3252
	3253	END SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
	3254
[1819]	3255	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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