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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4434

Last change on this file since 4434 was 4434, checked in by oliver.maas, 4 years ago
added optional netcdf data input for wtm array input parameters
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 143.8 KB

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1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANYr
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
18	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4434 2020-03-03 10:02:18Z oliver.maas $
28	! added optional netcdf data input for wtm array input parameters
29	!
30	! 4426 2020-02-27 10:02:19Z oliver.maas
31	! define time as unlimited dimension so that no maximum number
32	! of time steps has to be given for wtm_data_output
33	!
34	! 4423 2020-02-25 07:17:11Z maronga
35	! Switched to serial output as data is aggerated before anyway.
36	!
37	! 4420 2020-02-24 14:13:56Z maronga
38	! Added output control for wind turbine model
39	!
40	! 4412 2020-02-19 14:53:13Z maronga
41	! Bugfix: corrected character length in dimension_names
42	!
43	! 4411 2020-02-18 14:28:02Z maronga
44	! Added output in NetCDF format using DOM (only netcdf4-parallel is supported).
45	! Old ASCII output is still available at the moment.
46	!
47	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
48	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static
49	! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0
50	!
51	! 4343 2019-12-17 12:26:12Z oliver.maas
52	! replaced <= by < in line 1464 to ensure that ialpha will not be
53	! greater than dlen
54	!
55	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
56	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
57	!
58	! 4326 2019-12-06 14:16:14Z oliver.maas
59	! changed format of turbine control output to allow for higher
60	! torque and power values
61	!
62	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
63	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
64	!
65	! 4144 2019-08-06 09:11:47Z raasch
66	! relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
67	!
68	! 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z Giersch
69	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
70	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
71	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
72	!
73	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
74	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
75	! of additional debug messages
76	!
77	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
78	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
79	!
80	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
81	! instrumented with openmp directives
82	!
83	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
84	! unused variables removed
85	!
86	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
87	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
88	!
89	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
90	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
91	!
92	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
93	! Initial revision
94	!
95	!
96	! Description:
97	! ------------
98	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
99	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
100	!> (ADM-R).
101	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
102	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
103	!> yaw.
104	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
105	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
106	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
107	!> automatically).
108	!>
109	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
110	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
111	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
112	!> @todo Generate header information
113	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
114	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
115	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
116	!> @todo Include additional output variables
117	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
118	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
119	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
120	!
121	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
122	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
123
124	USE arrays_3d, &
125	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
126
127	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
128	ONLY: pi
129
130	USE control_parameters, &
131	ONLY: coupling_char, &
132	debug_output, &
133	dt_3d, dz, end_time, message_string, time_since_reference_point,&
134	wind_turbine, initializing_actions, origin_date_time
135
136	USE cpulog, &
137	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
138
139	USE data_output_module
140
141	USE grid_variables, &
142	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
143
144	USE indices, &
145	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
146	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
147
148	USE kinds
149
150	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
151	ONLY: check_existence, &
152	close_input_file, &
153	get_variable, &
154	input_pids_wtm, &
155	inquire_num_variables, &
156	inquire_variable_names, &
157	input_file_wtm, &
158	num_var_pids, &
159	open_read_file, &
160	pids_id, &
161	vars_pids
162
163	USE pegrid
164
165
166	IMPLICIT NONE
167
168	PRIVATE
169
170
171
172	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: variable_name !< name of output variable
173	CHARACTER(LEN=30) :: nc_filename
174
175	!
176	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
177
178	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
179	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
180
181
182
183	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: output_values_1d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
184	REAL(wp), POINTER :: output_values_0d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
185	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: output_values_1d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
186	REAL(wp), TARGET :: output_values_0d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
187
188	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
189	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
190	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
191	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
192
193	LOGICAL :: initial_write_coordinates = .FALSE.
194
195	REAL(wp) :: dt_data_output_wtm = 0.0_wp !< data output interval
196	REAL(wp) :: time_wtm = 0.0_wp !< time since last data output
197
198
199	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
200	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
201	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
202	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
203	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
204	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
205
206
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100), TARGET :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
216	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
218
219	!
220	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
221	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
222
223	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
224	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
225	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
226	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
227	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
228	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
229	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
230	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
231	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
232	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
233	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
234	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
235	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
236	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
237
238
239	!
240	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
241
242	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
243	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
244	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
245
246	!
247	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
248	TYPE file_status
249	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
250	END TYPE file_status
251
252	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
253	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
254
255	!
256	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
257
258	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
259	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
260	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
261	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
262	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
263
264	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
265
266	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
267	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
268	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
269	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
270	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
271	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
272	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
273	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
274
275	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
276
277	!
278	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
279	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
280	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
281	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
282	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
283	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
284	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
285
286	!
287	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
288	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
289	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
290	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
291	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
292
293	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
294	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
295
296	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
297	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
298
299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
301
302	!
303	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
304
305	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
306	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
307	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
308	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
309	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
310	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
311	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
312	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
313	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
314	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
315	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
316	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
317	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
318	!
319	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
320	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
321	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
322	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
323	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
324	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
325
326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
331	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
335
336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
338
339	!
340	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
347
348	!
349	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
350	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
353
354	!
355	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
359
360	!
361	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
365
366	!
367	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
368	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
371	!
372	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
374
375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
384
385	!
386	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
387
388	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
389
390	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
391	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
392	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
393	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
394	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
395	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
396	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
397	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
398
399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
400
401	!
402	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
403
404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
414	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
415	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
416	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
417
418	!
419	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
427
428
429	SAVE
430
431
432	INTERFACE wtm_parin
433	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
434	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
435
436	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
437	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
438	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
439
440	INTERFACE wtm_data_output
441	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_data_output
442	END INTERFACE wtm_data_output
443
444	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
445	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
446	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
447
448	INTERFACE wtm_init
449	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
450	END INTERFACE wtm_init
451
452	INTERFACE wtm_init_output
453	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_output
454	END INTERFACE wtm_init_output
455
456	INTERFACE wtm_actions
457	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
458	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
459	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
460
461	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
462	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
463	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
464
465	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
466	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
467	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
468
469
470	PUBLIC &
471	dt_data_output_wtm, &
472	time_wtm, &
473	wind_turbine
474
475	PUBLIC &
476	wtm_parin, &
477	wtm_check_parameters, &
478	wtm_data_output, &
479	wtm_init_arrays, &
480	wtm_init_output, &
481	wtm_init, &
482	wtm_actions, &
483	wtm_rrd_global, &
484	wtm_wrd_global
485
486
487	CONTAINS
488
489
490	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
491	! Description:
492	! ------------
493	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
494	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
495	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
496
497	IMPLICIT NONE
498
499	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
500
501	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
502	air_dens, dtow, dt_data_output_wtm, gear_eff,&
503	gear_ratio, &
504	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
505	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
506	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
507	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
508	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
509	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
510	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
511	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
512	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
513	! , turb_cd_nacelle
514	!
515	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
516	REWIND ( 11 )
517	line = ' '
518	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
519	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
520	ENDDO
521	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
522
523	!
524	!-- Read user-defined namelist
525	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10, END = 12 )
526	!
527	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
528	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
529
530	GOTO 12
531
532	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
533	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
534	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
535
536	12 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
537
538	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
539
540
541	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
542	! Description:
543	! ------------
544	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
545	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
546	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
547
548
549	IMPLICIT NONE
550
551
552	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
553	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
554
555	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
556	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
557
558	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
559	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
560
561	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
562	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
563
564	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
565	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
566
567	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
568	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
569
570	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
571	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
572
573	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
574	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
575
576	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
577	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
578
579	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
580	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
581
582
583	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
584
585
586	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
587	! Description:
588	! ------------
589	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
590	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
591	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
592
593
594	USE control_parameters, &
595	ONLY: length, restart_string
596
597
598	IMPLICIT NONE
599
600	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
601
602
603	found = .TRUE.
604
605
606	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
607
608	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
609	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
610	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
611	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
612	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
613	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
614	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
615	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
616	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
617	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
618	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
619	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
620	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
621	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
622	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
623	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
624	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
625	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
626	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
627	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
628
629	CASE DEFAULT
630
631	found = .FALSE.
632
633	END SELECT
634
635
636	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
637
638
639	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
640	! Description:
641	! ------------
642	!> Check namelist parameter
643	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
644	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
645
646
647	IMPLICIT NONE
648
649	IF ( .NOT. input_pids_wtm ) THEN
650	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
651	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
652	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
653	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
654	ENDIF
655
656	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
657	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
658	'a value equal or larger than zero'
659	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
660	ENDIF
661
662
663	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
664	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
665	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
666
667	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
668	'have to be given for each turbine.'
669	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
670	ENDIF
671	ENDIF
672
673	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
674	!
675
676	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
677	! Description:
678	! ------------
679	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
680	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
681	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
682
683	IMPLICIT NONE
684
685	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
686	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
687
688	!
689	! Read wtm input file (netcdf) if it exists
690	IF ( input_pids_wtm ) THEN
691
692	!
693	!-- Open the wtm input file
694	#if defined( __netcdf )
695	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_wtm ) // &
696	TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
697
698	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
699
700	!
701	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them
702	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
703	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
704
705	!
706	!-- Input of all wtm parameters
707	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'dtow' ) ) THEN
708	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'dtow', dtow(1:nturbines))
709	ENDIF
710
711	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'omega_rot' ) ) THEN
712	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'omega_rot', omega_rot(1:nturbines))
713	ENDIF
714
715	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'pitch_add' ) ) THEN
716	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'pitch_add', pitch_add(1:nturbines))
717	ENDIF
718
719	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'phi_yaw' ) ) THEN
720	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'phi_yaw', phi_yaw(1:nturbines))
721	ENDIF
722
723	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcx' ) ) THEN
724	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcx', rcx(1:nturbines))
725	ENDIF
726
727	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcy' ) ) THEN
728	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcy', rcy(1:nturbines))
729	ENDIF
730
731	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcz' ) ) THEN
732	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcz', rcz(1:nturbines))
733	ENDIF
734
735	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rnac' ) ) THEN
736	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rnac', rnac(1:nturbines))
737	ENDIF
738
739	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rr' ) ) THEN
740	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rr', rr(1:nturbines))
741	ENDIF
742	!
743	! IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'turb_cd_nacelle' ) ) THEN
744	! CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'turb_cd_nacelle', turb_cd_nacelle(1:nturbines))
745	! ENDIF
746
747	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'turb_cd_tower' ) ) THEN
748	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'turb_cd_tower', turb_cd_tower(1:nturbines))
749	ENDIF
750	!
751	!-- Close wtm input file
752	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
753
754	ENDIF
755	#endif
756
757	!
758	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
759	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
760
761	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
762	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
763
764	nrings(:) = 0
765	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
766
767	!
768	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
769	delta_r_factor = segment_width
770	delta_t_factor = segment_length
771	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
772
773	DO inot = 1, nturbines
774	!
775	!-- Determine number of rings:
776	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
777
778	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
779
780	ENDDO
781
782	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
783
784	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
785	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
786
787	nsegs(:,:) = 0
788	nsegs_total(:) = 0
789
790
791	DO inot = 1, nturbines
792	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
793	!
794	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
795	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
796	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
797	delta_t_factor ) )
798	ENDDO
799	!
800	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
801	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
802
803	ENDDO
804
805	!
806	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
807	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
808
809	!!
810	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
811	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
812	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
813	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
814	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
815	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
816	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
817	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
818	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
819	! ENDIF
820
821
822	!
823	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
824	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
825	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
826	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
827	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
828	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
829	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
830	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
831	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
832
833	!
834	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
835	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
836	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
837	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
838	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
839	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
840	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
841
842	!
843	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
844	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
845	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
846	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
847	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
848	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
849	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
850	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
851	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
852	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
853	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
854
855	!
856	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
857	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
858	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
859	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
860	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
861	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
862	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
863
864	!
865	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
866	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
867	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
868	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
869
870	!
871	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
872	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
873	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
874	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
875	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
876	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
877	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
878	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
879	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
880
881	!
882	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
883	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
884	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
885	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
886	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
887	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
888	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
889
890	!
891	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
892	i_hub(:) = 0
893	i_smear(:) = 0
894	j_hub(:) = 0
895	j_smear(:) = 0
896	k_hub(:) = 0
897	k_smear(:) = 0
898
899	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
900	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
901
902	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
903	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
904	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
905	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
906	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
907	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
908	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
909	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
910	ENDIF
911
912	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
913	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
914	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
915	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
916	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
917	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
918
919	!
920	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
921	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
922	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
923	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
924	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
925	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
926	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
927	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
928	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
929	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
930	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
931
932	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
933	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
934	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
935	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
936	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
937	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
938
939	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
940	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
941	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
942
943	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
944	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
945	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
946	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
947	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
948	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
949	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
950	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
951
952	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
953	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
954	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
955	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
956	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
957	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
958
959
960	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
961
962
963	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
964	! Description:
965	! ------------
966	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
967	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
968	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
969
970
971	USE control_parameters, &
972	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
973
974	IMPLICIT NONE
975
976
977
978	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
979	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
980	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
981
982
983	!
984	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
985	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
986
987	!
988	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
989	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
990	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
991
992	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
993
994	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
995	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
996	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
997	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
998
999	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
1000
1001	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
1002	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
1003	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
1004	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
1005
1006	!
1007	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1008	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
1009	!-- (smearing of the forces)
1010	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1011	!
1012	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
1013	!-- be calculated:
1014
1015	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
1016	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
1017	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
1018	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
1019	!
1020	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
1021	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
1022	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
1023	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
1024	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
1025	!
1026	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
1027	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
1028	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
1029	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
1030	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
1031	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
1032	eps_min) THEN
1033	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
1034	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
1035	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
1036	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
1037	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1038	ENDIF
1039	!
1040	!-- Square of eps_min:
1041	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
1042	!
1043	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
1044	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
1045	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
1046	!
1047	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
1048	!-- function:
1049	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
1050
1051	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
1052	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
1053
1054	!
1055	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
1056	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1057	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
1058	ENDIF
1059
1060
1061	DO inot = 1, nturbines
1062	!
1063	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
1064	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
1065
1066	!
1067	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
1068	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
1069	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1070	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
1071
1072	!
1073	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
1074	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
1075	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
1076	!-- function of eps_min:
1077	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
1078	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
1079	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
1080
1081	ENDDO
1082
1083	!
1084	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
1085	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
1086	IF ( speed_control) THEN
1087
1088	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
1089
1090	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1091
1092	DO inot = 1, nturbines
1093
1094	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
1095	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1096	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1097	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1098	ENDIF
1099
1100	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
1101	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1102	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1103	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1104	ENDIF
1105
1106	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
1107	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1108	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1109	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1110	ENDIF
1111
1112	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
1113	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1114	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1115	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1116	ENDIF
1117
1118	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
1119	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
1120
1121	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
1122
1123	ENDIF
1124	ENDIF
1125
1126	END DO
1127
1128	ENDIF
1129
1130	ENDIF
1131
1132	!
1133	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1134	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
1135	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
1136	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1137	!
1138	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
1139	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
1140
1141	!
1142	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
1143	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
1144	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
1145
1146	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
1147
1148	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1149
1150
1151	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
1152	!
1153	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
1154	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
1155	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
1156	i = i_hub(inot)
1157
1158	!
1159	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
1160	!-- grid point indices):
1161	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1162	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1163	!
1164	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
1165	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
1166	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
1167	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
1168	!-- in grid box 1.
1169	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
1170	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
1171
1172	!
1173	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
1174	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
1175	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
1176	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
1177
1178	!
1179	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
1180	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
1181	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
1182
1183	DO j = nys, nyn
1184	!
1185	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
1186	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
1187
1188	DO k = nzb, nzt
1189
1190	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
1191	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
1192	!
1193	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
1194	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
1195	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
1196	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
1197	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
1198	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
1199	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1200	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
1201	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
1202	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
1203	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
1204	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
1205	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1206	!
1207	!-- grid boxes inbetween
1208	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
1209	ELSE
1210	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
1211	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
1212	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1213	ENDIF
1214	!
1215	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
1216	ELSE
1217	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
1218	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
1219	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1220	ENDIF
1221	!
1222	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
1223	!-- are carried out:
1224	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
1225
1226	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
1227	!
1228	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
1229	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
1230	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
1231	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
1232	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
1233	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1234	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
1235	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
1236	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
1237	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
1238	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1239	!
1240	!-- grid boxes inbetween
1241	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
1242	ELSE
1243	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
1244	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1245	ENDIF
1246	!
1247	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
1248	ELSE
1249	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
1250	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1251	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
1252
1253	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
1254
1255	ENDDO ! end loop over k
1256
1257	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
1258
1259	ENDDO ! end loop over j
1260
1261	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
1262
1263
1264	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
1265
1266	!
1267	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
1268	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
1269	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
1270	!!
1271	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
1272	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
1273	!!-- circle_points in the following):
1274	!
1275	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
1276	!
1277	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
1278	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
1279	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
1280	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1281	!!
1282	!!-- bottom intersection point
1283	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
1284	!!
1285	!!-- top intersection point
1286	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
1287	! ELSE
1288	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
1289	! ENDIF
1290	! ENDDO
1291	!
1292	!
1293	! DO j = nys, nyn
1294	!!
1295	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
1296	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
1297	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
1298	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
1299	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
1300	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1301	!!
1302	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
1303	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
1304	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
1305	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
1306	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
1307	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
1308	!!
1309	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
1310	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
1311	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
1312	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
1313	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
1314	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
1315	! dz_int = dz
1316	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
1317	!!
1318	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
1319	!!-- within the current grid box:
1320	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
1321	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
1322	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
1323	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
1324	! ENDIF
1325	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
1326	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
1327	! dz_int = dz_int - &
1328	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
1329	! ENDIF
1330	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
1331	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
1332	! ENDIF
1333	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
1334	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
1335	! ENDIF
1336	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
1337	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
1338	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
1339	! ENDIF
1340	! ENDDO
1341	! ENDIF
1342	! ENDDO
1343	! ENDIF
1344	!
1345	! ENDDO
1346	!
1347	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
1348
1349	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
1350
1351	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
1352	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
1353
1354	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
1355
1356	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
1357
1358	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
1359
1360
1361
1362	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_output
1363
1364
1365	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps !< number of timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
1366	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps_max = 80000 !< number of maximum timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
1367	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
1368
1369	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index
1370
1371	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ndim !< dummy to write dimension
1372
1373
1374	!
1375	!-- Create NetCDF output file
1376	nc_filename = 'DATA_1D_TS_WTM_NETCDF' // TRIM( coupling_char )
1377	return_value = dom_def_file( nc_filename, 'netcdf4-serial' )
1378
1379	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
1380	!
1381	!-- Define dimensions in output file
1382	ALLOCATE( ndim(1:nturbines) )
1383	DO n = 1, nturbines
1384	ndim(n) = n
1385	ENDDO
1386	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
1387	dimension_name = 'turbine', &
1388	output_type = 'int32', &
1389	bounds = (/1_iwp, nturbines/), &
1390	values_int32 = ndim )
1391	DEALLOCATE( ndim )
1392
1393	!
1394	!-- time
1395	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
1396	dimension_name = 'time', &
1397	output_type = 'real32', &
1398	bounds = (/1_iwp/), &
1399	values_realwp = (/0.0_wp/) )
1400
1401	!
1402	!-- x
1403	variable_name = 'x'
1404	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1405	variable_name = variable_name, &
1406	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1407	output_type = 'real32' )
1408	!
1409	!-- y
1410	variable_name = 'y'
1411	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1412	variable_name = variable_name, &
1413	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1414	output_type = 'real32' )
1415
1416	variable_name = 'z'
1417	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1418	variable_name = variable_name, &
1419	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1420	output_type = 'real32' )
1421
1422
1423	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1424	variable_name = 'time', &
1425	attribute_name = 'units', &
1426	value = 'seconds since ' // origin_date_time )
1427
1428	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1429	variable_name = 'x', &
1430	attribute_name = 'units', &
1431	value = 'm' )
1432
1433	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1434	variable_name = 'y', &
1435	attribute_name = 'units', &
1436	value = 'm' )
1437
1438	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1439	variable_name = 'z', &
1440	attribute_name = 'units', &
1441	value = 'm' )
1442
1443	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1444	variable_name = 'x', &
1445	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1446	value = 'x location of rotor center' )
1447
1448	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1449	variable_name = 'y', &
1450	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1451	value = 'y location of rotor center' )
1452
1453	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1454	variable_name = 'z', &
1455	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1456	value = 'z location of rotor center' )
1457
1458
1459	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1460	variable_name = 'turbine_name', &
1461	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1462	value = 'turbine name')
1463
1464	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1465	variable_name = 'time', &
1466	attribute_name = 'standard_name', &
1467	value = 'time')
1468
1469	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1470	variable_name = 'time', &
1471	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1472	value = 'T')
1473
1474	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1475	variable_name = 'x', &
1476	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1477	value = 'X' )
1478
1479	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1480	variable_name = 'y', &
1481	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1482	value = 'Y' )
1483
1484
1485	variable_name = 'rotor_speed'
1486	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1487	variable_name = variable_name, &
1488	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1489	output_type = 'real32' )
1490
1491	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1492	variable_name = variable_name, &
1493	attribute_name = 'units', &
1494	value = 'rad/s' )
1495
1496	variable_name = 'generator_speed'
1497	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1498	variable_name = variable_name, &
1499	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1500	output_type = 'real32' )
1501
1502	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1503	variable_name = variable_name, &
1504	attribute_name = 'units', &
1505	value = 'rad/s' )
1506
1507
1508	variable_name = 'generator_torque'
1509	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1510	variable_name = variable_name, &
1511	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1512	output_type = 'real32' )
1513
1514	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1515	variable_name = variable_name, &
1516	attribute_name = 'units', &
1517	value = 'Nm' )
1518
1519	variable_name = 'rotor_torque'
1520	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1521	variable_name = variable_name, &
1522	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1523	output_type = 'real32' )
1524
1525	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1526	variable_name = variable_name, &
1527	attribute_name = 'units', &
1528	value = 'Nm' )
1529
1530	variable_name = 'pitch_angle'
1531	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1532	variable_name = variable_name, &
1533	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1534	output_type = 'real32' )
1535
1536	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1537	variable_name = variable_name, &
1538	attribute_name = 'units', &
1539	value = 'degrees' )
1540
1541	variable_name = 'generator_power'
1542	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1543	variable_name = variable_name, &
1544	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1545	output_type = 'real32' )
1546
1547	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1548	variable_name = variable_name, &
1549	attribute_name = 'units', &
1550	value = 'W' )
1551
1552	variable_name = 'rotor_power'
1553	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1554	variable_name = variable_name, &
1555	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1556	output_type = 'real32' )
1557
1558	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1559	variable_name = variable_name, &
1560	attribute_name = 'units', &
1561	value = 'W' )
1562
1563	variable_name = 'rotor_thrust'
1564	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1565	variable_name = variable_name, &
1566	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1567	output_type = 'real32' )
1568
1569	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1570	variable_name = variable_name, &
1571	attribute_name = 'units', &
1572	value = 'N' )
1573
1574
1575	variable_name = 'wind_direction'
1576	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1577	variable_name = variable_name, &
1578	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1579	output_type = 'real32' )
1580
1581	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1582	variable_name = variable_name, &
1583	attribute_name = 'units', &
1584	value = 'degrees' )
1585
1586	variable_name = 'yaw_angle'
1587	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1588	variable_name = variable_name, &
1589	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1590	output_type = 'real32' )
1591
1592	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1593	variable_name = variable_name, &
1594	attribute_name = 'units', &
1595	value = 'degrees' )
1596
1597	ENDIF
1598	END SUBROUTINE
1599
1600	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1601	! Description:
1602	! ------------
1603	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
1604	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
1605	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1606	!
1607	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
1608
1609
1610	IMPLICIT NONE
1611
1612	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
1613	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
1614
1615	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
1616
1617	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
1618
1619	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
1620	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
1621	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
1622	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
1623	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
1624	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
1625	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
1626	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
1627	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
1628	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
1629
1630	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
1631	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
1632	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
1633
1634	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
1635	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
1636
1637	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
1638	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
1639	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
1640	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
1641	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
1642
1643	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
1644	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
1645	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
1646	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
1647	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
1648
1649	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
1650
1651	!
1652	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
1653	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
1654
1655	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
1656
1657	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
1658	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
1659	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1660	ENDIF
1661	!
1662	!-- Read distribution table:
1663
1664	dlen = 0
1665
1666	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
1667
1668	rloop3: DO
1669	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1670	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
1671	dlen = dlen + 1
1672	ENDDO rloop3
1673
1674	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
1675
1676	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
1677	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1678	ENDDO
1679
1680	DO jj = 1,dlen
1681	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
1682	ENDDO
1683
1684	!
1685	!-- Read layout table:
1686
1687	dlen = 0
1688
1689	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
1690
1691	rloop1: DO
1692	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1693	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
1694	dlen = dlen + 1
1695	ENDDO rloop1
1696
1697	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
1698	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
1699	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1700	ENDDO
1701	DO jj = 1, dlen
1702	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
1703	ENDDO
1704
1705	!
1706	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
1707
1708	dlen = 0
1709
1710	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
1711
1712	rloop2: DO
1713	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1714	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
1715	dlen = dlen + 1
1716	ENDDO rloop2
1717
1718	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
1719	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
1720
1721	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
1722	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1723	ENDDO
1724
1725	DO jj = 1,dlen
1726	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
1727	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
1728	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
1729	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
1730	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
1731	ENDDO
1732
1733	ENDDO
1734
1735	dlenbl = dlen
1736
1737	CLOSE ( 90 )
1738
1739	!
1740	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
1741	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
1742	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
1743	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
1744	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
1745
1746	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
1747	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
1748	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
1749	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
1750
1751	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
1752	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
1753
1754	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
1755	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
1756
1757	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
1758
1759	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
1760	!
1761	!-- Find position in table 1
1762	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
1763	! lct(1) = lct(1)
1764
1765	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) > 0.0 ) THEN
1766	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
1767	ENDIF
1768
1769	trow = lct(1)
1770	!
1771	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
1772	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
1773	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
1774	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
1775	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
1776
1777	IF ( t1 == t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
1778	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
1779	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
1780	ENDIF
1781
1782	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
1783	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
1784	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
1785	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
1786	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
1787
1788	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
1789	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
1790	! explicitly
1791	ELSE
1792	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
1793	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
1794	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
1795	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
1796	!
1797	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
1798	!-- explicitly
1799	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
1800	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
1801	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
1802	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
1803	ENDIF
1804
1805	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
1806
1807	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
1808	ialpha = 1
1809
1810	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha < dlen ) )
1811	ialpha = ialpha + 1
1812	ENDDO
1813
1814	!
1815	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
1816	!-- segments and angles of attack
1817
1818	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1819	alpha_attack_i ) / &
1820	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1821	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1822	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
1823	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
1824	( alpha_attack_i - &
1825	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
1826	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1827	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1828	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
1829	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
1830	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1831	alpha_attack_i ) / &
1832	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1833	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1834	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
1835	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
1836	( alpha_attack_i - &
1837	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
1838	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1839	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1840	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
1841	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
1842
1843	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
1844
1845	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
1846
1847
1848	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
1849
1850
1851	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1852	! Description:
1853	! ------------
1854	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
1855	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
1856	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1857	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
1858
1859
1860	IMPLICIT NONE
1861
1862	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
1863	!
1864	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
1865	!-- the rotors
1866	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
1867	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
1868	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
1869
1870	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1871	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1872	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1873
1874	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
1875	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
1876	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
1877
1878	!
1879	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
1880	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
1881
1882	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
1883	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
1884	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
1885	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
1886	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
1887	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
1888	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
1889	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
1890	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
1891	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
1892	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
1893	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
1894	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
1895	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
1896	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
1897	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
1898	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
1899	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
1900	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
1901	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
1902	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
1903	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
1904	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
1905	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
1906
1907	!
1908	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
1909	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
1910	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
1911	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
1912	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
1913
1914	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
1915
1916
1917	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1918	! Description:
1919	! ------------
1920	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
1921	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1922	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
1923
1924
1925	IMPLICIT NONE
1926
1927	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
1928
1929	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
1930	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
1931	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
1932	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
1933	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
1934	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
1935
1936	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1937	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
1938	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
1939
1940	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
1941	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
1942
1943	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
1944
1945
1946	!
1947	! Variables for pitch control
1948	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
1949
1950	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
1951	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
1952
1953	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
1954
1955
1956	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
1957
1958
1959	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
1960
1961	!
1962	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
1963	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1964	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1965	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1966	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
1967	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1968	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1969	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1970	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
1971	!
1972	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
1973	DO inot = 1, nturbines
1974
1975	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
1976	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
1977	!
1978	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
1979
1980	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
1981	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
1982	!$OMP DO
1983	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
1984
1985	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
1986	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
1987	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
1988	!
1989	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
1990	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
1991
1992	!
1993	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
1994	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
1995	!
1996	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
1997	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
1998	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
1999	!
2000	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
2001	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
2002	!-- with y-axis):
2003	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
2004	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
2005	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
2006
2007	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
2008	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
2009	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
2010	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
2011	re(3) = sin_rot
2012
2013	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
2014	!
2015	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
2016	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
2017	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
2018	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
2019
2020	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2021	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
2022	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
2023	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
2024	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2025
2026	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2027	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2028
2029	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2030	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2031
2032	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2033	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2034
2035	!
2036	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
2037
2038	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
2039	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
2040	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
2041	!
2042	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2043	!-- the current PE:
2044	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2045	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2046
2047	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2048	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2049	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
2050	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2051	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2052	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2053	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
2054	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2055	gg = dx * dy
2056
2057	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
2058	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2059	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2060	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2061	) / gg
2062
2063	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2064	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2065	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2066	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2067	) / gg
2068
2069	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
2070	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2071	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
2072
2073	ELSE
2074	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2075	ENDIF
2076	ELSE
2077	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2078	ENDIF
2079
2080
2081	!
2082	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
2083	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
2084	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
2085	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
2086	!
2087	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2088	!-- the current PE:
2089	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2090	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2091
2092	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2093	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2094	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2095	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2096	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2097	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
2098	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2099	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
2100	gg = dx * dy
2101
2102	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
2103	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2104	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2105	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2106	) / gg
2107
2108	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2109	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2110	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2111	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2112	) / gg
2113
2114	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
2115	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2116	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
2117
2118	ELSE
2119	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2120	ENDIF
2121	ELSE
2122	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2123	ENDIF
2124
2125
2126	!
2127	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
2128	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
2129	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
2130	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
2131	!
2132	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2133	!-- the current PE:
2134	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2135	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2136
2137	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2138	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2139	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2140	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2141	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2142	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2143	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2144	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2145	gg = dx * dy
2146
2147	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
2148	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2149	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2150	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2151	) / gg
2152
2153	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2154	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2155	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2156	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2157	) / gg
2158
2159	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
2160	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2161	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
2162	ELSE
2163	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2164	ENDIF
2165	ELSE
2166	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2167	ENDIF
2168
2169	ENDDO
2170	ENDDO
2171	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2172
2173	ENDDO
2174
2175	!
2176	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
2177	#if defined( __parallel )
2178	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2179	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2180	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2181	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2182	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2183	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2184	#else
2185	u_int = u_int_1_l
2186	v_int = v_int_1_l
2187	w_int = w_int_1_l
2188	#endif
2189
2190
2191	!
2192	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
2193
2194	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2195	pit_loop: DO
2196
2197	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
2198	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
2199	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
2200	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
2201	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
2202	ELSE
2203	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
2204	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
2205	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
2206	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
2207	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
2208	ENDIF
2209	ENDIF
2210
2211	!
2212	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
2213	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
2214	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
2215	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
2216	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
2217	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
2218	!$OMP DO
2219	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
2220	!
2221	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
2222	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
2223	!
2224	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
2225	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2226	!
2227	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
2228	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
2229	!-- with y-axis):
2230	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
2231	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
2232	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
2233	!
2234	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
2235	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
2236	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
2237	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
2238	re(3) = sin_rot
2239
2240	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
2241	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
2242	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
2243	rea(3) = cos_rot
2244
2245	!
2246	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
2247	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
2248	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
2249	ren(1) = cos_yaw
2250	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
2251	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
2252	!
2253	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
2254	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
2255	!-- tilt:
2256	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
2257	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
2258	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
2259	!
2260	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
2261	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
2262
2263	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
2264
2265	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
2266
2267	!
2268	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2269	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
2270	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2271	!
2272	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
2273	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
2274	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
2275	!-- coordinates y' and z.
2276	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
2277	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
2278	!
2279	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
2280	!
2281	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
2282	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
2283	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
2284	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
2285	!
2286	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
2287	!-- direction:
2288	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
2289	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
2290	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
2291	!
2292	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
2293	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
2294
2295	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN2( u_rot , &
2296	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
2297	vtheta(rseg) ) )
2298
2299	!
2300	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
2301	!-- to the current radial position:
2302
2303	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
2304	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
2305
2306	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
2307	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
2308	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
2309	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
2310	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
2311	ELSE
2312	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
2313	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
2314	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
2315	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
2316	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
2317	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
2318	ENDIF
2319
2320	!
2321	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
2322	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
2323	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
2324	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2325	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
2326	!
2327	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
2328	!-- angle of attack:
2329	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
2330	!
2331	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
2332	!-- to angles given in degree:
2333	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2334	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
2335	!
2336	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
2337	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
2338
2339	!
2340	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
2341	!-- to the rotor:
2342	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
2343	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
2344	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
2345
2346	!
2347	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2348	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
2349	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
2350	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2351
2352	!
2353	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
2354	!-- the current radial position:
2355
2356	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
2357	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
2358	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
2359	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
2360	ELSE
2361	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
2362	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
2363	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
2364	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
2365	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
2366	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
2367	ENDIF
2368
2369	!
2370	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
2371	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
2372	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
2373	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
2374	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
2375	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
2376	!
2377	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
2378	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
2379	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
2380	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
2381	!
2382	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
2383	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
2384	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
2385	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
2386
2387	!
2388	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
2389	!-- angles given in radian:
2390	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2391	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
2392
2393	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
2394
2395	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
2396	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
2397	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
2398	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
2399	!--
2400	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
2401	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
2402	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
2403
2404	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
2405
2406	ENDIF
2407	!
2408	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
2409	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
2410	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
2411
2412	!
2413	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
2414
2415	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
2416	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
2417
2418	!
2419	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
2420	!-- for each ring segment:
2421	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
2422	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
2423	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
2424
2425	!
2426	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
2427	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
2428	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
2429	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
2430	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
2431	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
2432	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
2433	!
2434	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
2435	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
2436	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
2437
2438	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
2439	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
2440
2441	!
2442	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
2443	!$OMP CRITICAL
2444	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
2445	thrust_seg(rseg)
2446
2447
2448	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
2449	!$OMP END CRITICAL
2450
2451	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
2452
2453	!
2454	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
2455	!-- each ring:
2456	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
2457	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
2458	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
2459
2460
2461	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
2462	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2463
2464
2465	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
2466
2467
2468	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2469	!
2470	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
2471
2472	!
2473	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
2474	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
2475	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
2476	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
2477	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
2478	( inertia_rot + &
2479	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
2480
2481	!
2482	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
2483	!-- and rotor speed
2484	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
2485
2486	ENDIF
2487
2488	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
2489
2490	!
2491	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
2492	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
2493	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
2494	!-- gain
2495	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
2496	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
2497	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
2498	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
2499	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
2500	!
2501	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
2502	CYCLE pit_loop
2503	ENDIF
2504
2505	!
2506	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
2507	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
2508	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
2509	ENDIF
2510	EXIT pit_loop
2511	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
2512
2513
2514	!
2515	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
2516
2517	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2518	!
2519	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
2520	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
2521	THEN
2522	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
2523	THEN
2524	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
2525	ENDIF
2526	ENDIF
2527
2528	ENDIF
2529
2530
2531	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
2532
2533	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
2534
2535
2536	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
2537	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
2538	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
2539	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
2540	!
2541	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
2542	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
2543	!
2544	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
2545	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
2546	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
2547	!-- consideration
2548	!
2549	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
2550	!-- of the model domain:
2551	!
2552	!--
2553	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
2554	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
2555	eps_min ) / dx )
2556	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
2557	eps_min ) / dy )
2558
2559	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
2560	!$OMP DO
2561	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
2562	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
2563	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
2564	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
2565	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
2566	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
2567	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
2568	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
2569	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2570	!
2571	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2572	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
2573
2574	!
2575	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
2576	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
2577	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2578	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2579	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2580	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2581	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2582	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2583	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2584	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2585	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2586
2587	!
2588	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
2589	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
2590	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
2591	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
2592	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
2593	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2594	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
2595	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
2596	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
2597	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
2598	flag
2599	ENDIF
2600	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2601	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
2602	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
2603	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
2604	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
2605	flag
2606	ENDIF
2607	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2608	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
2609	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
2610	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
2611	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
2612	flag
2613	ENDIF
2614
2615	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
2616	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
2617
2618	!
2619	!-- Rotation of force components:
2620	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
2621	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
2622	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
2623	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
2624	) * flag
2625
2626	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
2627	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
2628	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
2629	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
2630	) * flag
2631
2632	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
2633	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
2634	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
2635	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
2636	) * flag
2637
2638	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
2639	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
2640	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
2641	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2642
2643	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
2644
2645	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2646
2647
2648	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
2649	!
2650	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
2651	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
2652	IF ( start_up ) THEN
2653	WDLON = MAX( 1 , NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 30s running mean array
2654	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
2655	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
2656	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
2657
2658	WDSHO = MAX( 1 , NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 2s running mean array
2659	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
2660	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
2661	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
2662	start_up = .FALSE.
2663	ENDIF
2664
2665	!
2666	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
2667	!--
2668	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
2669	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2670	!
2671	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
2672	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
2673	THEN
2674	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
2675	THEN
2676
2677	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
2678
2679	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
2680	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
2681	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
2682	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
2683	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
2684
2685	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
2686
2687	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
2688
2689	ENDIF
2690	ENDIF
2691
2692	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2693
2694	!
2695	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
2696	#if defined( __parallel )
2697	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
2698	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2699	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
2700	comm2d, ierr )
2701	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
2702	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2703	#else
2704	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
2705	wdir = wdir_l
2706	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
2707
2708
2709	#endif
2710	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2711	!
2712	!-- Update rotor orientation
2713	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
2714
2715	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
2716
2717	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
2718
2719	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2720	!
2721	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
2722	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
2723	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2724	#if defined( __parallel )
2725	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
2726	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2727	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
2728	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2729	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
2730	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2731	#else
2732	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
2733	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
2734	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
2735	#endif
2736
2737	ENDIF
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2743
2744
2745
2746	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
2747	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
2748	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
2749	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
2750	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
2751	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
2752	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
2753	thrust_rotor(inot), &
2754	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
2755	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
2756
2757	ELSE
2758
2759	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
2760	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
2761	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2762	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
2763	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
2764	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
2765	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
2766	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
2767	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
2768	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
2769	thrust_rotor(inot), &
2770	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
2771	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
2772	ENDIF
2773	ENDIF
2774
2775	!-- Set open flag
2776	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
2777	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2778
2779
2780
2781	ENDIF
2782
2783
2784	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
2785
2786	!
2787	!-- Formats
2788	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
2789	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
2790	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed GenTorque AeroTorque ', &
2791	'Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) RotThrust WDirection ', &
2792	'YawOrient')
2793
2794	106 FORMAT (F9.2,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F12.1,3X,F12.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F12.1,2X, &
2795	F12.1,1X,F12.1,4X,F7.2,4X,F7.2)
2796
2797
2798
2799	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
2800
2801
2802	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2803	! Description:
2804	! ------------
2805	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
2806	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2807	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
2808
2809	USE kinds
2810
2811	IMPLICIT NONE
2812
2813	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
2814	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
2815	REAL(wp) :: missal
2816
2817	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
2818
2819	!
2820	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
2821	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
2822	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
2823	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
2824	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
2825	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
2826	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
2827	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
2828	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
2829	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
2830	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
2831	!
2832	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
2833	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
2834	!
2835	!-- Write current wind direction into array
2836	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
2837	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
2838	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
2839	!
2840	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
2841	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
2842
2843	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
2844	!
2845	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
2846	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
2847	!
2848	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
2849	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
2850	!
2851	!-- Start yawing of turbine
2852	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2853	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
2854	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
2855	ENDIF
2856	ENDIF
2857
2858	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
2859
2860	!
2861	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
2862	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
2863	!-- than min_miss
2864
2865	ELSE
2866	!
2867	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
2868	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
2869	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
2870	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
2871	!
2872	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
2873	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
2874	!
2875	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
2876	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
2877	!
2878	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
2879	!-- yaw direction is still right
2880	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
2881	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
2882	!
2883	!-- Continue yawing
2884	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2885	ELSE
2886	!
2887	!-- Stop yawing
2888	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
2889	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
2890	ENDIF
2891	ELSE
2892	!
2893	!-- Continue yawing
2894	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2895	ENDIF
2896
2897	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
2898
2899	ENDIF
2900
2901	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
2902
2903
2904	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2905	! Description:
2906	! ------------
2907	!> Initialization of the speed control
2908	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2909	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
2910
2911
2912	IMPLICIT NONE
2913
2914	!
2915	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
2916	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
2917	!
2918	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
2919	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
2920	!
2921	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
2922	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
2923	!
2924	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
2925	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
2926	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
2927	!
2928	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
2929	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
2930	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
2931	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
2932	!
2933	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
2934	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
2935	!
2936	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
2937	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
2938	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
2939	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
2940	ENDIF
2941
2942	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
2943
2944
2945	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2946	! Description:
2947	! ------------
2948	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
2949	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2950	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
2951
2952
2953	IMPLICIT NONE
2954
2955	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
2956
2957
2958
2959	!
2960	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
2961	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
2962	!-- offshore system developement"
2963
2964	!
2965	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
2966	!-- for the control of the generator torque
2967	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
2968	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
2969	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
2970
2971	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
2972	!
2973	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
2974	torque_gen(inot) = 0
2975
2976	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
2977	!
2978	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
2979	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
2980
2981	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
2982	!
2983	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
2984	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
2985	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
2986
2987	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
2988	!
2989	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
2990	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
2991
2992	ELSE
2993	!
2994	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
2995	!-- keep the power constant:
2996	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
2997
2998	ENDIF
2999	!
3000	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
3001	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
3002	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
3003	!
3004	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
3005	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
3006	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
3007	!
3008	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
3009	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
3010
3011
3012	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
3013
3014
3015	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3016	! Description:
3017	! ------------
3018	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
3019	!> flow components (tendency terms)
3020	!> Call for all grid points
3021	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3022	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
3023
3024
3025	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
3026
3027	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
3028	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
3029	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
3030
3031
3032	SELECT CASE ( location )
3033
3034	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
3035
3036	CALL wtm_forces
3037
3038	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
3039	!
3040	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
3041	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3042	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3043	DO j = nysg, nyng
3044	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3045	!
3046	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
3047	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3048	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3049	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3050	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3051
3052	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
3053	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
3054	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3055	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
3056	ENDDO
3057	ENDDO
3058	ENDDO
3059	ENDIF
3060
3061	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
3062	!
3063	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
3064	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3065	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3066	DO j = nysg, nyng
3067	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3068	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3069	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3070	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3071	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3072	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
3073	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
3074	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3075	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
3076	ENDDO
3077	ENDDO
3078	ENDDO
3079	ENDIF
3080
3081	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
3082	!
3083	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
3084	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3085	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3086	DO j = nysg, nyng
3087	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3088	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
3089	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3090	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
3091	ENDDO
3092	ENDDO
3093	ENDDO
3094	ENDIF
3095
3096
3097	CASE DEFAULT
3098	CONTINUE
3099
3100	END SELECT
3101
3102
3103	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
3104
3105
3106	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3107	! Description:
3108	! ------------
3109	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
3110	!> flow components (tendency terms)
3111	!> Call for grid point i,j
3112	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3113	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
3114
3115
3116	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
3117	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
3118	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
3119	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
3120
3121	SELECT CASE ( location )
3122
3123	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
3124
3125	CALL wtm_forces
3126
3127	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
3128	!
3129	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
3130	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3131	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3132	!
3133	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
3134	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3135	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3136	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3137	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3138	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
3139	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
3140	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3141	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
3142	ENDDO
3143	ENDIF
3144
3145	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
3146	!
3147	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
3148	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3149	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3150	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3151	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3152	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3153	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3154	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
3155	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
3156	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3157	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
3158	ENDDO
3159	ENDIF
3160
3161	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
3162	!
3163	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
3164	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3165	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3166	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
3167	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3168	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
3169	ENDDO
3170	ENDIF
3171
3172
3173	CASE DEFAULT
3174	CONTINUE
3175
3176	END SELECT
3177
3178
3179	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
3180
3181
3182	SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
3183
3184
3185	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_ind = 0 !< time index
3186
3187	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
3188
3189	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
3190
3191	!
3192	!-- At the first call of this routine write the spatial coordinates.
3193	IF ( .NOT. initial_write_coordinates ) THEN
3194	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
3195	output_values_1d_target = rcx(1:nturbines)
3196	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3197	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3198	'x', &
3199	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3200	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3201	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
3202
3203	output_values_1d_target = rcy(1:nturbines)
3204	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3205	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3206	'y', &
3207	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3208	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3209	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
3210
3211	output_values_1d_target = rcz(1:nturbines)
3212	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3213	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3214	'z', &
3215	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3216	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3217	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
3218
3219	initial_write_coordinates = .TRUE.
3220	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
3221	ENDIF
3222
3223	t_ind = t_ind + 1
3224
3225	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
3226	output_values_1d_target = omega_rot(:)
3227	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3228
3229	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3230	'rotor_speed', &
3231	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3232	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3233	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3234
3235	output_values_1d_target = omega_gen(:)
3236	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3237	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3238	'generator_speed', &
3239	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3240	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3241	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3242
3243	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)
3244	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3245
3246	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3247	'generator_torque', &
3248	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3249	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3250	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3251
3252	output_values_1d_target = torque_total(:)
3253	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3254
3255	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3256	'rotor_torque', &
3257	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3258	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3259	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3260
3261	output_values_1d_target = pitch_add(:)
3262	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3263
3264	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3265	'pitch_angle', &
3266	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3267	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3268	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3269
3270	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)omega_gen(:)gen_eff
3271	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3272
3273	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3274	'generator_power', &
3275	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3276	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3277	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3278
3279	DO inot = 1, nturbines
3280	output_values_1d_target(inot) = torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens
3281	ENDDO
3282	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3283
3284	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3285	'rotor_power', &
3286	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3287	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3288	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3289
3290	output_values_1d_target = thrust_rotor(:)
3291	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3292
3293	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3294	'rotor_thrust', &
3295	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3296	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3297	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3298
3299	output_values_1d_target = wdir(:)*180.0_wp/pi
3300	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3301
3302	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3303	'wind_direction', &
3304	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3305	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3306	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3307
3308	output_values_1d_target = (phi_yaw(:))*180.0_wp/pi
3309	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3310
3311	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3312	'yaw_angle', &
3313	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3314	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3315	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3316
3317	output_values_0d_target = time_since_reference_point
3318	output_values_0d_pointer => output_values_0d_target
3319
3320	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3321	'time', &
3322	values_realwp_0d = output_values_0d_pointer, &
3323	bounds_start = (/t_ind/), &
3324	bounds_end = (/t_ind/) )
3325
3326	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
3327
3328	ENDIF
3329
3330	END SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
3331
3332	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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