Movie Gallery

Animations contained on this page are examples from different projects that have been carried out by the PALM group in the past. All sequences have been created with the PArallelized LES Model (PALM) using a distributed virtual reality software system (DSVR) for graphic output. In contrast with other graphic software, DSVR is parallelized and is running embedded in PALM (i.e. no graphic post-processing is done). This method avoids output of raw data (in the order of 10-100 GByte per timestep for large model runs). Instead, only graphic primitives are stored and replayed using streaming server technology. Depending on the available graphic hardware, also stereoscopic views can be created. For further details of DSVR see here.

For each animation, a short description of the displayed scene and some general setup information for the respective model run are given.

Currently available movies:

• Convective boundary layer with horizontally homogeneous heating (2001-2009, 4 movies)
• Kármán vortex street (2009, 2 movies)
• Flow over an ice lead (2006, 1 movie)
• Flow around a single cube (2005, 2 movies)
• LES of a city quarter of Hanover (Allianz tower, 2006, 1 movie)

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Convective boundary layer with horizontally homogeneous heating

The following four sequences are showing different flow aspects and phenomena of the convective boundary layer. All simulations are driven by a constant and horizontally homogeneous surface sensible (and latent) heat flux. The initial state is an atmosphere at rest with neutral stratification, capped by an inversion at about 800m. Simulations differ in domain size and grid resolution.

First sequence: 3D view on moist convection (2001)

Responsible: Siegfried Raasch? Description: Particles are released near the surface. The particle color reflects the buoyancy at the current particle position (red: positive, blue: negative). The particle size is proportional to the magnitude of the vertical velocity component. The isososurfaces display areas with a liquid water content larger than 0.2 g/kg, i.e. cumulus clouds. The horizontal domain size in this simulation is too small in order to allow the development of the typical near-surface hexagonal flow pattern (see next two sequences). Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): 2000m x 2000m x 4638m Grid spacing (x|y|z): 25m x 25m x 25m Number of grid points (x|y|z): 80 x 80 x 80 Simulated time: 3600 s CPU-time: 176 Number of CPUs: 32 Machine/ processor type: SGI Altix ICE at HLRN / Intel Xeon Gainestown

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type:

Second sequence: horizontal cross-section
	Responsible: Description: Model Setup Total domain size (x|y|z): m x m x m Grid spacing (x|y|z): m x m x m Number of grid points (x|y|z): x x Simulated time: s CPU-time: Number of CPUs: Machine/ processor type: