Listing of the steering parameters in alphabetical order

Namelist abbreviations:
dvr: DVR graphics
ini: initialization parameters
lpm: lagrangian-particle-model (particles) parameter
lsm: land surface model parameters
nest: nesting parameters
pcm: plant-canopy-model parameters
rrtmg: radiation model parameters
run: runtime parameters
spec: spectra parameters
user: user-defined parameters

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Parameter Name	NAMELIST Group	Parameter Class	FORTRAN Type	Default Value	Explanation
albedo	rrtmg		R	0.2	Surface albedo.
albedo_lw_diff	rrtmg		R	depends on albedo_type	Surface albedo for longwave diffuse radiation for a solar angle of 60°.
albedo_lw_dir	rrtmg		R	depends on albedo_type	Surface albedo for longwave direct radiation for a solar angle of 60°.
albedo_sw_diff	rrtmg		R	depends on albedo_type	Surface albedo for shortwave diffuse radiation for a solar angle of 60°.
albedo_sw_dir	rrtmg		R	depends on albedo_type	Surface albedo for shortwave direct radiation for a solar angle of 60°.
albedo_type	rrtmg		I	5	Controls the choice of the surface albedos for direct/diffuse/broadband albedo for a solar angle of 80°.
alloc_factor	lpm		R	20.0	Factor (in percent) describing the memory allocated additionally to the memory needed for initial particles at a given grid cell.
alpha_lad	pcm		R	9999999.9	Coefficient for constructing leaf area density profile.
alpha_vangenuchten	lsm		R	depends on soil_type?	Value of the coefficient alpha for the calculation of the hydraulic conductivity of soil in the parametrization after Van Genuchten
alpha_surface	ini	Others	R	0.0	Inclination of the model domain with respect to the horizontal (in degrees).
averaging_interval	run	Data output	R	0.0	Averaging interval for all output of temporally averaged data (in s).
averaging_interval_pr	run	Data output	R	value of averaging_interval	Averaging interval for vertical profiles output to local file DATA_1D_PR_NETCDF (in s).
averaging_interval_sp	run	Data output	R	value of averaging_interval	Averaging interval for spectra output to local file DATA_1D_SP_NETCDF (in s).
bc_e_b	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'neumann'	Bottom boundary condition of the TKE.
bc_lr	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'cyclic'	Boundary condition along x (for all quantities).
bc_ns	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'cyclic'	Boundary condition along y (for all quantities).
bc_p_b	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'neumann'	Bottom boundary condition of the perturbation pressure.
bc_p_t	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'dirichlet'	Top boundary condition of the perturbation pressure.
bc_par_b	lpm		C*15	'reflect'	Bottom boundary condition for particle transport.
bc_par_lr	lpm		C*15	'cyclic'	Lateral boundary condition (x-direction) for particle transport.
bc_par_ns	lpm		C*15	'cyclic'	Lateral boundary condition (y-direction) for particle transport.
bc_par_t	lpm		C*15	'absorb'	Top boundary condition for particle transport.
bc_pt_b	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'dirichlet'	Bottom boundary condition of the potential temperature.
bc_pt_t	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'initial_gradient'	Top boundary condition of the potential temperature.
bc_q_b	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'dirichlet'	Bottom boundary condition of the specific humidity / total water content.
bc_q_t	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'neumann'	Top boundary condition of the specific humidity / total water content.
bc_s_b	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'dirichlet'	Bottom boundary condition of the scalar concentration.
bc_st	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'neumann'	Top boundary condition of the scalar concentration.
bc_sa_t	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'neumann'	Top boundary condition of the salinity.
bc_uv_b	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'dirichlet'	Bottom boundary condition of the horizontal wind components u and v.
bc_uv_t	ini	Boundary conditions	C*20	'dirichlet'	Top boundary condition of the horizontal velocity components u and v.
beta_lad	pcm		R	9999999.9	Coefficient for constructing leaf area density profile.
bottom_salinityflux	ini	Boundary conditions	R	0.0	Kinematic salinity flux near the surface (in psu m/s).
building_height	ini	Topography	R	50.0	Height of a single building in m.
building_length_x	ini	Topography	R	50.0	Width of a single building in m.
building_length_y	ini	Topography	R	50.0	Depth of a single building in m.
building_wall_left	ini	Topography	R	building centered in x-direction	x-coordinate of the left building wall in m.
building_wall_south	ini	Topography	R	building centered in y-direction	y-coordinate of the South building wall in m.
c_sedimentation	ini	Cloud physics	R	2.0	Courant number of sedimentation process
c_surface	lsm		R	20000.0	Heat capacity of the surface (skin layer) per unit of area (in J/m²/K).
call_psolver_at _all_substeps	ini	Numerics	L	.T.	Switch to steer the call of the pressure solver.
call_microphysics_at _all_substeps	ini	Cloud physics	L	.F.	Switch to steer the call of 2-moment microphysics.
canopy_drag_coeff	pcm		R	0.0	Drag coefficient used in the plant canopy model.
canopy_mode	pcm		C*20	'block'	Canopy mode.
canyon_height	ini	Topography	R	50.0	Street canyon height in m.
canopy_resistance _coefficient	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	A coefficient (in 1/hPa) for the dependence of the canopy resistance on water vapor pressure deficit.
canyon_width_x	ini	Topography	R	9999999.9	Street canyon width in x-direction in m.
canyon_width_y	ini	Topography	R	9999999.9	Street canyon width in y-direction in m.
canyon_wall_left	ini	Topography	R	canyon centered in x-direction	x-coordinate of the left canyon wall in m.
canyon_wall_south	ini	Topography	R	canyon centered in y-direction	y-coordinate of the South canyon wall in m.
cfl_factor	ini	Numerics	R	0.1, 0.8 or 0.9	Time step limiting factor.
clip_dvrp_l	dvr	dvr	R	0.0	Left boundary of the displayed domain (in m).
clip_dvrp_n	dvr		R	(ny + 1)*dy	North boundary of the displayed domain (in m).
clip_dvrp_r	dvr		R	(nx + 1)*dx	Right boundary of the displayed domain (in m).
clip_dvrp_s	dvr		R	0.0	South boundary of the displayed domain (in m).
cloud_droplets	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on usage of cloud droplets.
cloud_physics	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the condensation scheme.
cloud_scheme	ini	Mode	C*20	'saturation_adjust'	Parameter to choose cloud physics scheme.
cloud_top_radiation	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on longwave radiation cooling at cloud-tops.
cloud_water_sedimentation	ini	Cloud physics	L	.F.	Parameterize cloud water sedimentation in cloud physics scheme.
cluster_size	dvr		I	1	Vertex cluster size for polygon reduction of topography.
collective_wait	ini	Numerics	L	see parameter description	Set barriers in front of collective MPI operations.
collision_kernel	lpm		C*15	'none'	Parameter to steer cloud droplet growth by collision processes.
collision_algorithm	lpm		C*15	'all_or_nothing'	Parameter to steer algorithm for cloud droplet growth by collision processes.
collision_turbulence	ini	Cloud physics	L	.F.	Parameterize turbulence effects on autoconversion and accretion of cloud droplets.
color_interval	dvr		R(2)	0.0, 1.0	Interval of values used for determining the particle color displayed in the animation.
comp_spectra_level	spec		I(100)	no level	Vertical level for which horizontal spectra are to be calculated and output (gridpoints).
conserve_volume_flow	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Conservation of volume flow in x- and y-direction.
conserve_volume _flow_mode	ini	Mode	C*16	'default'	Modus of volume flow conservation.
conserve_water_content	lsm		L	.T.	Flag parameter for the bottom boundary condition of the soil model.
constant_albedo	rrtmg		L	.F.	Parameter to fix the surface albedo.
constant_flux_layer	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.T.	Parameter to switch on a constant flux layer between the surface and first computational grid level.
coupling_start_time	ini	Mode	R	0.0	Simulation time of a precursor run..
cpu_log_barrierwait	run	MPI	L	.F.	Set an MPI-barrier at the beginning of each CPU time measurement.
create_disturbances	run	Run steering	L	.T.	Switch to impose random perturbations to the horizontal velocity field.
cross_profiles	run	Data output	C*100(100)	see parameter description	Determines which vertical profiles are to be presented in which coordinate system if the plot software palmplot is used.
cthf	ini		R	0.0	Average heat flux that is prescribed at the top of the plant canopy (in K m/s).
curvature_solution _effects	lpm		L	.F.	Parameter to consider solution and curvature effects on the equilibrium vapor pressure of cloud droplets.
cycle_mg	ini	Numerics	C*1	'w'	Type of cycle to be used with the multi-grid method.
damp_level_1d	ini	Initialization	R	zu(nz + 1)	Height where the damping layer begins in the 1d-model (in m).
data_output	run	Data output	C*10(100)	100*' '	Quantities for which 2d cross section and/or 3d volume data are to be output.
data_output_masks	run	Data output	C*10 (max_masks, 100)	max_masks*100*' '	Quantities for which masked data are to be output.
data_output_pr	run	Data output	C*10(100)	100*' '	Quantities for which vertical profiles (horizontally averaged) are to be output.
data_output_pr_user	user	Data output	C*10(200)	200*' '	User defined quantities for which horizontally averaged profile data is to be output.
data_output_sp	spec		C*10(10)	10*' '	Quantities for which horizontal spectra are to be calculated and output.
data_output_user	user	Data output	C*10(100)	100*' '	User defined quantities for which 2d cross section and/or 3d volume data are to be output.
data_output_2d_on _each_pe	run	Data output	L	.T.	Output 2d cross section data by one or all processors.
day_init	rrtmg		I	172	Day of the year at model start.
density_ratio	lpm		R(10)	0.0, 9*9999999.9	Ratio of the density of the fluid and the density of the particles.
dissipation_classes	lpm		I	10	Number of dissipation classes to be used in the collision efficiency table.
dissipation_1d	ini	Initialization	C*20	'as_in_3d_model'	Calculation method for the energy dissipation term in the TKE equation of the 1d-model.
disturbance_amplitude	run	Run steering	R	0.25	Maximum perturbation amplitude of the random perturbations imposed to the horizontal velocity field (in m/s).
disturbance_energy _limit	run	Run steering	R	0.01	Upper limit value of the perturbation energy of the velocity field used as a criterion for imposing random perturbations (in m2/s2).
disturbance_level_b	run	Run steering	R	zu(3) or zu(nz*2/3)	Lower limit of the vertical range for which random perturbations are to be imposed on the horizontal wind field (in m).
disturbance_level_t	run	Run steering	R	zu(nz/3) or zu(nzt-3)	Upper limit of the vertical range for which random perturbations are to be imposed on the horizontal wind field (in m).
do2d_at_begin	run	Data output	L	.F.	Output 2d cross section data by one or all processors.
do3d_at_begin	run	Data output	L	.F.	Output of 3d volume data at the beginning of a run.
dp_external	run	Mode	L	.F.	External pressure gradient switch.
dp_smooth	run	Mode	L	.F.	Vertically smooth the external pressure gradient using a sinusoidal smoothing function.
dp_level_b	run	Mode	R	0.0	Lower limit of the vertical range for which the external pressure gradient is applied (in m).
dpdxy	run	Mode	R(2)	2*0.0	Values of the external pressure gradient applied in x- and y-direction, respectively (in Pa/m).
dt	run	Run steering	R	variable	Time step for the 3d-model (in s).
dt_averaging_input	run	Data output	R	0.0	Temporal interval of data which are subject to temporal averaging (in s).
dt_averaging _input_pr	run	Data output	R	value of dt_averaging_input	Temporal interval of data which are subject to temporal averaging of vertical profiles and/or spectra (in s).
dt_coupling	run	Run steering	R	9999999.9	Temporal interval for the data exchange in case of runs with coupled models (e.g. atmosphere - ocean) (in s).
dt_data_output	run	Data output	R	9999999.9	Temporal interval at which data (3d volume data, cross sections, vertical profiles, spectra) shall be output (in s).
dt_data_output_av	run	Data output	R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which time averaged 3d volume data and/or 2d cross section data shall be output (in s).
dt_disturb	run	Run steering	R	9999999.9	Temporal interval at which random perturbations are to be imposed on the horizontal velocity field (in s).
dt_domask	run	Data output	R (max_masks)	max_masks * value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which instantaneous masked data shall be output (in s).
dt_dopr	run	Data output	R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which data of vertical profiles shall be output (to local file DATA_1D_PR_NETCDF (in s).
dt_dopr_listing	run	Data output	R	9999999.9	Temporal interval at which data of vertical profiles shall be output (output for printouts, local file LIST_PROFIL) (in s).
dt_dopts	lpm		R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which time series data of particle quantities shall be output (in s).
dt_dosp	spec		R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which spectra data shall be output (in s).
dt_dots	run	Data output	R	see parameter description	Temporal interval at which time series data shall be output (in s).
dt_do2d_xy	run	Data output	R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which horizontal cross section data shall be output (in s).
dt_do2d_xz	run	Data output	R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which vertical cross section data (xz) shall be output (in s).
dt_do2d_yz	run	Data output	R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which vertical cross section data (yz) shall be output (in s).
dt_do3d	run	Data output	R	value of dt_data_output	Temporal interval at which 3d volume data shall be output (in s).
dt_dvr	dvr		R	9999999.9	Temporal interval of scenes to be displayed with the dvrp software (in s).
dt_max	run	Run steering	R	20.0	Maximum allowed value of the timestep (in s).
dt_min_part	lpm		R	0.0002	Minimum value for the particle timestep when SGS velocities are used (in s).
dt_prel	lpm		R	9999999.9	Temporal interval at which particles are to be released from a particle source (in s).
dt_pr_1d	ini	Initialization	R	9999999.9	Temporal interval of vertical profile output of the 1D-model (in s).
dt_radiation	rrtmg		R	0.0	Time step of the radiation model (in s).
dt_restart	run	Run steering	R	9999999.9	Temporal interval at which a new restart run is to be carried out (in s).
dt_run_control	run	Data output	R	60.0	Temporal interval at which run control output is to be made (in s).
dt_run_control_1d	ini	Initialization	R	60.0	Temporal interval of runtime control output of the 1d-model (in s).
dt_sort_particles	lpm		R	0.0	Temporal interval for sorting particles (in s). Not available from release 4.0 on.
dt_write_particle _data	lpm		R	9999999.9	Temporal interval for output of particle data (in s).
dvrp_directory	dvr		C*80	'default'	Name of the directory into which data created by the dvrp software shall be saved.
dvrp_file	dvr		C*80	'default'	Name of the file into which data created by the dvrp software shall be output.
dvrp_host	dvr		C*80	'origin.rvs. uni-hannover.de'	Name of the computer to which data created by the dvrp software shall be transferred.
dvrp_output	dvr		C*10	'rtsp'	Output mode for the dvrp software.
dvrp_password	dvr		C*80	''	Password for the computer to which data created by the dvrp software is to be transferred.
dvrp_psize	dvr		R	0.2*dx	Diameter of the particles in visualizations with the dvrp software (in m).
dvrpsize_interval	dvr		R(2)	0.0, 1.0	Interval of values used for determining the particle size displayed in the animation.
dvrp_username	dvr		C*80	no default value	Username of a valid account on the computer to which data created by the dvrp software is to be transferred.
dx	ini	Grid	R	1.0	Horizontal grid spacing along the x-direction (in m).
dy	ini	Grid	R	1.0	Horizontal grid spacing along the y-direction (in m).
dz	ini	Grid	R	no default value	Vertical grid spacing (in m).
dz_max	ini	Grid	R	9999999.9	Allowed maximum vertical grid spacing (in m).
dz_stretch_factor	ini	Grid	R	1.08	Stretch factor for a vertically stretched grid (see dz_stretch_level).
dz_stretch_level	ini	Grid	R	100000.0	Height level above/below which the grid is to be stretched vertically (in m).
e_init	ini	Mode	R	0.0	Initial TKE in m2s-2.
e_min	ini	Mode	R	0.0	Minimum TKE in m2s-2.
emissivity	rrtmg		R	0.95	Surface emissivity (0-1).
end_time	run	Run steering	R	0.0	Simulation time of the 3D model (in s).
end_time_prel	lpm		R	9999999.9	Time of the last release of particles (in s).
end_time_1d	ini	Initialization	R	864000.0	Time to be simulated for the 1D-model (in s).
ensemble_member_nr	ini	Initialization	I	0	Number of statistically independent members of a simulation.
f_shortwave_incoming	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Fraction of the net shortwave radiation that is transmitted directly to the top soil layer.
field_capacity	lsm		R	depends on soil_type	Soil moisture at field capacity (in m³/m³).
fft_method	ini	Numerics	C*20	'system specific'	FFT-method to be used.
force_print_header	run	Data output	L	.F.	Steering of header output to the local file RUN_CONTROL.
galilei_transformation	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Application of a Galilei-transformation to the coordinate system of the model.
groundplate_color	dvr		R(3)	0.0, 0.6, 0.0	Color of the ground plate.
humidity	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the prognostic equation for specific humidity q.
hydraulic_conductivity	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Hydraulic conductivity of the soil at saturation (in m/s).
inflow_damping_height	ini	Boundary conditions	R	from precursor run	Height below which the turbulence signal is used for turbulence recycling (in m).
inflow_damping_width	ini	Boundary conditions	R	0.1* inflow _damping_height	Transition range within which the turbulence signal is damped to zero (in m).
inflow_disturbance _begin	ini	Boundary conditions	I	MIN(10, nx/2 or ny/2)	Lower limit of the horizontal range for which random perturbations are to be imposed on the horizontal velocity field (gridpoints).
inflow_disturbance _end	ini	Boundary conditions	I	MIN(100, 3/4*nx or 3/4*ny)	Upper limit of the horizontal range for which random perturbations are to be imposed on the horizontal velocity field (gridpoints).
initializing_actions	ini	Initialization	C*100	no default value	Initialization actions to be carried out.
initial_weighting _factor	lpm		R	1.0	Factor to define the real number of initial droplets in a grid cell.
isosurface_color	lpm		R(3,10)	0.9, 0.9, 0.9 0.8, 0.1, 0.1 ...	Color of the isosurface(s).
km_constant	ini	Mode	R	variable (computed from TKE)	Constant eddy diffusivities are used (laminar simulations).
km_damp_max	ini	Mode	R	0.5*(dx or dy)	Maximum diffusivity used for filtering the velocity field in the vicinity of the outflow (in m2/s).
l_vangenuchten	lsm		R	depends on soil_type	Value of the coefficient l for the calculation of the hydraulic conductivity of soil in the parametrization after Van Genuchten.
lad_surface	pcm		R	0.0	Surface value of the leaf area density (in m2/m3).
lad_vertical_gradient	pcm		R(10)	10*0.0	Gradient(s) of the leaf area density (in m2/m4).
lad_vertical_gradient _level	pcm		R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the gradient of the leaf area density defined by lad_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
lai_beta	pcm		R	0.0	Leaf area index needed for construction of leaf area density profile.
lambda	rrtmg		R	0.0	Geographical longitude (in degrees).
lambda_surface_stable	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Heat conductivity (between atmosphere and soil) (in W/m²/K) in case of stable stratification.
lambda_surface_unstable	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Heat conductivity (between atmosphere and soil) (in W/m²/K) in case of unstable stratification.
large_scale_forcing	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the use of large-scale forcing information from an external file.
large_scale_subsidence	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the use of large scale subsidence/ascent.
leaf_area_index	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Leaf area index of the canopy (in m²/m²).
leaf_scalar_exch_coeff	pcm		R	0.0	Scalar exchange coefficient for a leaf (dimensionless).
leaf_surface_conc	pcm		R	0.0	Concentration of a passive scalar at the surface of a leaf (in kg/m3).
limiter_sedimentation	ini	Cloud physics	L	.T.	Use limiter in raindrop sedimentation process.
loop_optimization	ini	Numerics	C*16	see parameter description	Method used to optimize loops for solving the prognostic equations.
lw_radiation	rrtmg		L	.T.	Parameter to switch on/off longwave radiation.
masking_method	ini	Numerics	L	.F.	Switch for topography boundary conditions in multigrid solver.
mask_scale_x	run	Data output	R	1.0	Scaling length for masked data output along x-direction.
mask_scale_y	run	Data output	R	1.0	Scaling length for masked data output along y-direction.
mask_scale_z	run	Data output	R	1.0	Scaling length for masked data output along z-direction.
mask_x	run	Data output	R (max_masks, 100)	max_masks*100*-1.0	All x-coordinates of mask positions (in multiples of mask_scale_x).
mask_y	run	Data output	R (max_masks, 100)	max_masks*100*-1.0	All y-coordinates of mask positions (in multiples of mask_scale_y).
mask_z	run	Data output	R (max_masks, 100)	max_masks*100*-1.0	All z-coordinates of mask positions (in multiples of mask_scale_z).
mask_x_loop	run	Data output	R (max_masks, 3)	max_masks*100* (/-1.0,-1.0,-1.0/)	Loop begin, end and stride for x-coordinates of mask locations for masks (in multiples of mask_scale_x).
mask_y_loop	run	Data output	R (max_masks, 3)	max_masks*100* (/-1.0,-1.0,-1.0/)	Loop begin, end and stride for y-coordinates of mask locations for masks (in multiples of mask_scale_y).
mask_z_loop	run	Data output	R (max_masks, 3)	max_masks*100* (/-1.0,-1.0,-1.0/)	Loop begin, end and stride for z-coordinates of mask locations for masks (in multiples of mask_scale_z).
maximum_number _of_particles	lpm		I	1000	Maximum number of particles (on a PE).
maximum_number _of_tailpoints	lpm		I	100	Maximum number of tail points that a particle tail can have.
maximum_tailpoint _age	lpm		R	100000.0	Maximum age that the end point of a particle tail is allowed to have (in s).
mg_cycles	ini	Numerics	I	-1	Number of cycles to be used with the multigrid scheme.
mg_switch_to _pe0_level	ini	Numerics	I	see parameter description	Grid level at which data shall be gathered on PE0.
min_canopy_resistance	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Minimum canopy (i.e., stomatal) resistance (in s/m).
min_nr_particles	lpm		I	50	Minimum number of particles for which memory is allocated at every grid cell.
min_soil_resistance	lsm		R	50.0	Minimum soil resistance (in s/m).
minimum_tailpoint _distance	lpm		R	0.0	Minimum distance allowed between two adjacent points of a particle tail (in m).
mixing_length_1d	ini	Initialization	C*20	'as_in_3d_model'	Mixing length used in the 1d-model.
mode_dvrp	dvr		C*20(10)	10*' '	Graphical objects (isosurfaces, slicers, particles) which are to be created by the dvrp software.
momentum_advec	ini	Numerics	C*10	'pw-scheme'	Advection scheme to be used for the momentum equations.
most_method	ini	Boundary conditions	C*8	'lookup'	Parameter that defines how the Obukhov length is calculated when a constant_flux_layer is switched on.
n_vangenuchten	lsm		R	depends on soil_type	Value of the coefficient n for the calculation of the hydraulic conductivity of soil in the parametrization after Van Genuchten.
nc_const	ini	Cloud physics	R	70.0E6	Cloud droplet number density (in m-3).
nesting_datatransfer_mode	nest		C*7	'mixed'	Type of nesting data transfer mode.
nesting_mode	nest		C*7	'two-way'	Type of nesting mode.
net_radiation	rrtmg		R	0.0	Net radiation at the surface (in W/m2).
netcdf_data_format	run	Data output	I	2	Data format for netCDF files.
netcdf_deflate	run	Data output	I	0	Data compression level for NetCDF4/HDF5 format.
netcdf_precision	ini	Data output	C*20(10)	single precision for all output quantities	Defines the accuracy of the netCDF output.
neutral	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch off calculation of temperature equation.
ngsrb	run	Numerics	I	2	Number of Gauss-Seidel iterations to be carried out on each grid level of the multigrid Poisson solver.
normalizing_region	run	Data output	I	0	Determines the subdomain from which the normalization quantities are calculated.
npex	run	Grid	I	no default value	Number of processors along x-direction of the virtual processor net.
npey	run	Grid	I	no default value	Number of processors along y-direction of the virtual processor net.
nsor	run	Numerics	I	20	Number of iterations to be used with the SOR-scheme.
nsor_ini	ini	Numerics	I	100	Initial number of iterations with the SOR algorithm.
nudging	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on nudging with data from larger scale models or from measurements.
number_of _particle_groups	lpm		I	1	Number of particle groups to be used.
nx	ini	Grid	I	no default value	Number of grid points in x-direction.
ny	ini	Grid	I	no default value	Number of grid points in y-direction.
nz	ini	Grid	I	no default value	Number of grid points in z-direction.
nz_do3d	ini	Grid	I	nz + 1	Limits the output of 3d volume data along the vertical direction (grid point index k).
ocean	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on ocean runs.
omega	ini	Physics	R	7,29E+00	Angular velocity of the rotating system (in rad s-1).
omega_sor	ini	Numerics	R	1.8	Convergence factor to be used with the SOR-scheme.
outflow_damping _width	ini	Boundary conditions	I	MIN(20, nx/2 or ny/2)	Width of the damping range in the vicinity of the outflow (gridpoints).
particles_per_point	lpm		I	1	Number of particles to be started per point.
particle_advection _start	lpm		R	0.0	Time of the first release of particles (in s).
particle_color	dvr		C*10	'none'	Parameter, which allows bi the displayed particle color to certain flow quantities.
particle_dvrpsize	dvr		C*10	'none'	Parameter, which allows binding the displayed particle size to certain flow quantities.
particle_maximum _age	lpm		R	9999999.9	Maximum allowed age of particles (in s).
passive_scalar	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on the prognostic equation for a passive scalar.
pave_depth	lsm		R	0.0	Depth of the paved surface.
pave_heat_capacity	lsm		R	1.94E6	Heat capacity of the pavement.
pave_heat_conductivity	lsm		R	1.0	Heat conductivity of the pavement.
pch_index	pcm		I	0	Grid point index (w-grid) of the upper boundary of the plant canopy layer.
pdx	lpm		R(10)	10*dx	Distance along x between particles within a particle source (in m).
pdy	lpm		R(10)	10*dy	Distance along y between particles within a particle source (in m).
pdz	lpm		R(10)	10*(zu(2) - zu(1))	Distance along z between particles within a particle source (in m).
phi	ini	Physics	R	55.0	Geographical latitude (in degrees).
plot_spectra_level	spec		I(100)	No level	Vertical level(s) for which horizontal spectra are to be plotted (in grid points).
prandtl_number	ini	Physics	R	1.0	Ratio of the eddy diffusivities for momentum and heat (Km/Kh).
precipitation_amount _interval	run	Data output	R	value of dt_do2d_xy	Temporal interval for which the precipitation amount (in mm) shall be calculated and output (in s).
profile_columns	run	Data output	I	3	Number of coordinate systems to be plotted in one row by plot software palmplot.
profile_rows	run	Data output	I	2	Number of rows of coordinate systems to be plotted on one page by plot software palmplot.
psb	lpm		R(10)	10*zu(nz/2)	Bottom edge of a particle source (in m).
psl	lpm		R(10)	10*0.0	Left edge of a particle source (in m).
psn	lpm		R(10)	10*(ny*dy)	Rear ("north") edge of a particle source (in m).
psolver	ini	Numerics	C*10	'poisfft'	Scheme to be used to solve the Poisson equation for the perturbation pressure.
psr	lpm		R(10)	10*(nx*dx)	Right edge of a particle source (in m).
pss	lpm		R(10)	10*0.0	Front ("south") edge of a particle source (in m).
pst	lpm		R(10)	10*zu(nz/2)	Top edge of a particle source (in m).
pt_damping_factor	ini	Numerics	R	0.0	Factor for damping the potential temperature.
pt_damping_width	ini	Numerics	R	0.0	Width of the damping domain of the potential temperature (in m).
pt_reference	ini	Mode	R	value of pt_surface	Reference temperature to be used in the buoyancy term (in K).
pt_surface	ini	Initialization	R	300.0	Surface potential temperature (in K).
pt_surface_initial _change	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	Change in surface temperature to be made at the beginning of the 3d run (in K).
pt_vertical_gradient	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Temperature gradient(s) of the initial temperature profile (in K / 100 m).
pt_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the temperature gradient defined by pt_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
q_surface	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	Surface specific humidity / total water content (kg/kg).
q_surface_initial _change	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	Change in surface specific humidity / total water content to be made at the beginning of the 3d run (kg/kg).
q_vertical_gradient	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Humidity gradient(s) of the initial humidity profile (in 1/100 m).
q_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the humidity gradient defined by q_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
radiation	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on longwave radiation cooling at cloud-tops.
radiation_scheme	rrtmg		C*10	'clear-sky'	Radiation scheme to be used.
radius	lpm		R(10)	0.0, 9* 9999999.9	Particle radius (in m).
radius_classes	lpm		I	20	Number of radius classes to be used in the collision efficiency table.
random_generator	ini	Numerics	C*20	'numerical recipes'	Random number generator to be used for creating uniformly distributed random numbers.
random_heatflux	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to impose random perturbations on the internal two-dimensional near surface heat flux field shf.
random_start_position	lpm		L	.F.	Initial position of the particles is varied randomly within certain limits.
rayleigh_damping _factor	ini	Numerics	R	0.0 and/or 0.01	Factor for Rayleigh damping.
rayleigh_damping _height	ini	Numerics	R	2/3*zu(nz)	Height where the Rayleigh damping starts (in m).
read_particles_from _restartfile	lpm		L	.T.	Read particle data from the previous run.
recycling_width	ini	Boundary conditions	R	0.1*nx*dx	Distance of the recycling plane from the inflow boundary (in m).
recycling_yshift	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on a y-shift for the recycled inflow turbulence.
reference_state	ini	Mode	C*20	'initial_profile'	Defines what is used as reference state in the buoyancy term.
region	user		C*40(0:9)		Name(s) of the subdomain(s) defined by the user.
residual_limit	ini	Numerics	R	1.0E-6	Largest residual permitted for the multigrid scheme (in s-2m-3).
residual_moisture	lsm		R	depends on soil_type	Residual soil moisture content (in m³/m³).
restart_time	run	Run steering	R	9999999.9	Simulated time after which a restart run is to be carried out (in s).
root_fraction	lsm		R(4)	depends on veg_type	Root distribution over the four soil layers.
roughness_length	ini	Boundary conditions	R	0.1	Roughness length (in m).
s_surface	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	Surface value of the passive scalar (in kg/m3).
s_surface_initial _change	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	Change in surface scalar concentration to be made at the beginning of the 3d run (in kg/m3).
s_vertical_gradient	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Scalar concentration gradient(s) of the initial scalar concentration profile (in kg/m3 / 100 m).
s_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the scalar gradient defined by s_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
sa_surface	ini	Initialization	R	35.0	Surface salinity (in psu).
sa_vertical_gradient	ini	Boundary conditions	R(10)	10*0.0	Salinity gradient(s) of the initial salinity profile (in psu / 100 m).
sa_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Boundary conditions	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the salinity gradient defined by sa_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
saturation_moisture	lsm		R	depends on soil_type	Soil moisture at saturation (in m³/m³).
scalar_advec	ini	Numerics	C*10	'pw-scheme'	Advection scheme to be used for the scalar quantities.
scalar_rayleigh _damping	ini	Numerics	L	.T.	Application of Rayleigh damping to scalars.
section_xy	run	Data output	I(100)	no section	Position of cross section(s) for output of 2d horizontal cross sections (grid point index k).
section_xz	run	Data output	I(100)	no section	Position of cross section(s) for output of 2d (xz) vertical cross sections (grid point index j).
section_yz	run	Data output	I(100)	no section	Position of cross section(s) for output of 2d (yz) vertical cross sections (grid point index i).
seed_follows_topography	lpm		L	.F.	Heights of initial particles are interpreted relative to the given topography.
skip_particles_for_tail	lpm		I	100	Limit the number of particle tails.
skip_time_data_output	run	Data output	R	0.0	No data output before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_data _output_av	run	Data output	R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of temporally averaged 2d/3d data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_do_lsm	lsm		R	0.0	Time after which the land surface model is switched on.
skip_time_do_radiation	rrtmg		R	0.0	Time after which the radiation model is switched on.
skip_time_domask	run	Data output	R (max_masks)	max_masks*0.0	No output of masked data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_dopr	run	Data output	R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of vertical profile data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_dosp	spec		R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of spectra data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_do2d_xy	run	Data output	R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of instantaneous horizontal cross section data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_do2d_xz	run	Data output	R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of instantaneous vertical (xz) cross section data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_do2d_yz	run	Data output	R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of instantaneous vertical (yz) cross section data before this interval has passed (in s).
skip_time_do3d	run	Data output	R	value of skip_time _data_output	No output of instantaneous 3d volume data before this interval has passed (in s).
slicer_range _limits_dvrp	dvr		R(2,10)	10*(-1,1)	Ranges of values to which a color table has to be mapped (units of the respective quantity).
spectra_direction	spec		C*2(10)	10*' '	Direction(s) along which spectra are to be calculated.
soil_moisture	lsm		R(4)	4*0.0	Soil moisture distribution over the four soil layers.
soil_temperature	lsm		R(5)	see description	Soil temperature distribution over the four soil layers (in K).
soil_type	lsm		I	3	Soil type to be used in the soil model.
statistic_regions	ini	Others	I	0	Number of additional user-defined subdomains for which statistical analysis and corresponding output (profiles, time series) shall be made.
subs_vertical_gradient	ini	Mode	R(10)	10*0.0	Gradient(s) of the profile for the large scale subsidence/ascent velocity (in (m/s) / 100 m).
subs_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Mode	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the gradient for the subsidence/ascent velocity defined by subs_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
superelevation	dvr		R	1.0	Superelevation factor for the vertical coordinate.
superelevation_x	dvr		R	1.0	Superelevation factor for the horizontal (x) coordinate.
superelevation_y	dvr		R	1.0	Superelevation factor for the horizontal (y) coordinate.
surface_heatflux	ini	Boundary conditions	R	no prescribed heatflux	Kinematic sensible heat flux at the bottom surface (in K m/s).
surface_pressure	ini	Initialization	R	1013.25	Atmospheric pressure at the surface (in hPa).
surface_scalarflux	ini	Boundary conditions	R	0.0	Scalar flux at the surface (in kg/(m2s)).
surface_waterflux	ini	Boundary conditions	R	0.0	Kinematic water flux near the surface (in m/s).
sw_radiation	rrtmg		L	.T.	Parameter to switch on/off shortwave radiation.
synchronous_exchange	run	MPI settings	L	.F.	Defines how MPI handles the exchange of ghost points.
termination_time _needed	run	Run steering	R	35.0	CPU time needed for terminal actions at the end of a run in batch mode (in s).
threshold	dvr		R(10)	0.0	Threshold value for which an isosurface is to be created by the dvrp software.
time_utc_init	rrtmg		R	43200.0	UTC time at model start in seconds starting from midnight.
timestep_scheme	ini	Numerics	C*20	'runge-kutta-3'	Time step scheme to be used for integration of the prognostic variables.
topography	ini	Topography	C*40	'flat'	Topography mode.
topography_color	dvr		R(3)	0.8, 0.7, 0.6	Color of the topography.
topography_grid _convention	ini	Topography	C*11	default depends on value of topography	Convention for defining the topography grid.
top_heatflux	ini	Boundary conditions	R	no prescribed heatflux	Kinematic sensible heat flux at the top surface (in K m/s).
top_momentumflux_u	ini	Boundary conditions	R	no prescribed momentumflux	Momentum flux along x at the top boundary (in m2/s2).
top_momentumflux_v	ini	Boundary conditions	R	no prescribed momentumflux	Momentum flux along y at the top boundary (in m2/s2).
top_salinityflux	ini	Boundary conditions	R	no prescribed salinityflux	Kinematic salinity flux at the top boundary, i.e. the sea surface (in psu m/s).
transpose_compute _overlap	ini	Numerics	L	.F.	Parameter to switch on parallel execution of fft and transpositions (with MPI_ALLTOALL).
turbulent_inflow	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.F.	Generates a turbulent inflow at side boundaries using a turbulence recycling method.
u_bulk	ini	Mode	R	0.0	u-component of the predefined bulk velocity (in m/s).
u_profile	ini	Initialization	R(100)	100 * 9999999.9	Values of u-velocity component to be used as initial profile (in m/s).
ug_surface	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	u-component of the geostrophic wind at the surface (in m/s).
ug_vertical_gradient	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Gradient(s) of the initial profile of the u-component of the geostrophic wind (in 1/100s).
ug_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the gradient defined by ug_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
uv_heights	ini	Initialization	R(100)	100 * 9999999.9	Height levels for prescribed u,v-profiles (in m).
use_cmax	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.T.	Parameter to choose calculation method of the phase velocity in case of radiation boundary conditions.
use_particle_tails	lpm		L	.F.	Give particles a tail.
use_sgs_for_particles	lpm		L	.F.	Use subgrid-scale velocities for particle advection.
use_subsidence_tendencies	ini	Mode	L	.F.	Parameter to choose the calculation method of subsidence in case of runs with large scale forcing.
use_surface_fluxes	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.F.	Parameter to steer the treatment of the subgrid-scale vertical fluxes within the diffusion terms at k=1 (bottom boundary).
use_top_fluxes	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.F.	Parameter to steer the treatment of the subgrid-scale vertical fluxes within the diffusion terms at k=nz (top boundary).
use_ug_for_galilei_tr	ini	Mode	L	.T.	Switch to determine the translation velocity in case that a Galilean transformation is used.
use_upstream _for_tke	ini	Numerics	L	.F.	Parameter to choose the advection/timestep scheme to be used for the subgrid-scale TKE.
vertical_particle _advection	lpm		L	.T.	Switch on/off vertical particle transport.
v_bulk	ini	Mode	R	0.0	v-component of the predefined bulk velocity (in m/s).
v_profile	ini	Initialization	R(100)	100 * 9999999.9	Values of v-velocity component to be used as initial profile (in m/s).
veg_type	lsm		I	2	Vegetation type to be used in the land surface model.
vegetation_coverage	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Vegetation coverage of the surface.
ventilation_effect	ini	Cloud physics	L	.F.	Parameterize ventilation effect on evaporation of raindrops.
vg_surface	ini	Initialization	R	0.0	v-component of the geostrophic wind at the surface (in m/s).
vg_vertical_gradient	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Gradient(s) of the initial profile of the v-component of the geostrophic wind (in 1/100s).
vg_vertical_gradient _level	ini	Initialization	R(10)	10*0.0	Height level above which the gradient defined by vg_vertical_gradient is effective (in m).
wall_adjustment	ini	Boundary conditions	L	.T.	Parameter to restrict the mixing length in the vicinity of the bottom boundary (and near vertical walls of a non-flat topography).
wall_heatflux	ini	Topography	R(5)	5*0.0	Prescribed kinematic sensible heat flux in K m/s at the five topography faces.
wall_humidityflux	ini	Topography	R(5)	5*0.0	Prescribed kinematic humidity flux in m/s at the five topography faces.
wall_scalarflux	ini	Topography	R(5)	5*0.0	Prescribed scalar flux in kg/(m2 s) at the five topography faces.
wilting_point	lsm		R	depends on soil_type	Soil moisture at permanent wilting point (in m³/m³).
write_particle _statistics	lpm		L	.F.	Switch on/off output of particle information.
z0_eb	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Roughness length for momentum (in m).
z0h_eb	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Roughness length for heat (in m).
z0q_eb	lsm		R	depends on veg_type	Roughness length for moisture (in m).
z0h_factor	ini	Boundary conditions	R	1.0	Factor for calculating the roughness length for scalars.
zeta_max	ini	Boundary conditions	R	20.0	Upper limit of the stability parameter zeta = z_mo/L.
zeta_min	ini	Boundary conditions	R	-9990.0	Lower limit of the stability parameter zeta = z_mo/L.
zs	lsm		R(4)	see description	Depths of the four soil layers (in m).