Overview

Overview

This page is part of the Bulk Cloud Model (BCM) documentation.
Since revision 3274 the bulk cloud model (before named with microphysics)
is modularized and has a own parameter namelist.
It contains a listing of all PALM input parameters used to steer the BCM.
For an overview of all BCM-related pages, see the Bulk Cloud Model main page.

References

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• Emanuel KA. 1994. Atmospheric Convection. Oxford University Press.

• Seifert A, Beheng KD. 2001. A double-moment parameterization for simulating autoconversion, accretion and selfcollection. Atmos. Res. 59: 265–281.

• Seifert A, Beheng KD. 2006. A two-moment cloud microphysics parameterization for mixed-phase clouds. Part 1: Model description. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 92: 45–66.

• Savic-Jovcic V, Stevens B. 2008. The structure and mesoscale organization of precipitating stratocumulus. J. Atmos. Sci. 65: 1587–1605. ​doi

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• Stevens B, Seifert A. 2008. Understanding macrophysical outcomes of microphysical choices in simulations of shallow cumulus convection. J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn. 86: 143–162.

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• Pruppacher HR, and Klett JD. 1997. Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation. 2nd Edn. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht.

• Morrison H. 2007. Comparison of bulk and bin warm-rain microphysics models using a kinematic framework. J. Atmos. Sci. 64: 2839-2681.

• Seifert A, Nuijens L, Stevens B. 2010. Turbulence effects on warm-rain autoconversion in precipitating shallow convection. Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 136: 1753–1762.

• Seifert A. 2008. On the parameterization of evaporation of raindrops as simulated by a one-dimensional rainshaft model. J. Atmos. Sci. 65: 3608–3619. ​doi.

• Ackerman, AS, vanZanten MC, Stevens B, Savic-Jovcic V, Bretherton CS, Chlond A, Golaz J-C, Jiang H, Khairoutdinov M, Krueger SK, Lewellen DC, Lock A, Moeng C-H, Nakamura K, Petters MD, Snider JR, Weinbrecht S, Zuluaf M. 2009. Large-eddy simulations of a drizzling, stratocumulus-topped marine boundary layer, Mon. Weather Rev., 137: 1083–1110.

• Geoffroy O, Brenguier J-L, Burnet F. 2010. Parametric representation of the cloud droplet spectra for LES warm bulk microphysical schemes. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10: 4835–4848. ​doi.

• Rogers RR, Baumgardner D, Ethier SA, Carter DA, Ecklund WL. 1993. Comparison of raindrop size distributions measured by radar wind profiler and by airplane. J. Appl. Meteorol. 32: 694–699.

• Cuijpers JWM, Duynkerke PG. 1993. Large eddy simulation of trade wind cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 50: 3894–3908.

• Khvorostyanov V, Curry J. 2006. Aerosol size spectra and CCN activity spectra: Reconciling the lognormal, algebraic, and power laws. J. Geophys. Res. 111.

• Dipankar A, Stevens B, Heinze R, Moseley C, Zängl G, Giorgetta M, Brdar D. 2015. Large eddy simulation using the general circulation model ICON. J. Adv. Mod. Earth Syst. 07. ​doi.

• Gronemeier T, Kanani-Sühring F, Raasch S. 2016. Do shallow cumulus clouds have the potential to trigger secondary circulations via shading? Boundary-Layer Meteorol. ​doi.