[954] | 1 | % $Id: exercise_neutral.tex 1228 2013-09-19 15:14:26Z keck $ |
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| 2 | \input{header_tmp.tex} |
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| 3 | %\input{../header_lectures.tex} |
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| 4 | |
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| 5 | \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} |
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| 6 | \usepackage{ngerman} |
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| 7 | \usepackage{pgf} |
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| 8 | \usetheme{Dresden} |
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| 9 | \usepackage{subfigure} |
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| 10 | \usepackage{units} |
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| 11 | \usepackage{tabto} |
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| 12 | \usepackage{multimedia} |
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| 13 | \usepackage{hyperref} |
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| 14 | \newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}} |
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| 15 | \usepackage{xmpmulti} |
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| 16 | \usepackage{tikz} |
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| 17 | \usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning} |
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| 18 | \usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings} %neues paket |
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| 19 | \usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing} %neues paket |
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| 20 | \def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont} |
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| 21 | \usepackage{amsmath} |
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| 22 | \usepackage{amssymb} |
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| 23 | \usepackage{multicol} |
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| 24 | \usepackage{pdfcomment} |
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| 25 | \usepackage{graphicx} |
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| 26 | \usepackage{listings} |
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| 27 | \lstset{showspaces=false,language=fortran,basicstyle= |
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| 28 | \ttfamily,showstringspaces=false,captionpos=b} |
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| 29 | |
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| 30 | \institute{Institut fÌr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÀt Hannover} |
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| 31 | \date{last update: \today} |
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| 32 | \event{PALM Seminar} |
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| 33 | \setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{} |
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| 34 | |
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| 35 | \setbeamertemplate{footline} |
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| 36 | { |
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| 37 | \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]& |
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| 38 | {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}} |
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| 39 | \end{beamercolorbox} |
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| 40 | \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex, |
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| 41 | leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot} |
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| 42 | {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber} |
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| 43 | \end{beamercolorbox} |
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| 44 | \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot} |
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| 45 | \end{beamercolorbox} |
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| 46 | } |
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| 47 | %\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.pdf}} |
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| 48 | |
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| 49 | \title[Exercise 2: Neutrally Stratified Boundary Layer]{Exercise 2: Neutrally Stratified Boundary Layer} |
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| 50 | \author{Siegfried Raasch} |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | \setbeamersize{text margin left=.2cm,text margin right=.2cm} |
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| 53 | |
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| 54 | \begin{document} |
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| 55 | \footnotesize |
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| 56 | % Folie 1 |
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| 57 | \begin{frame} |
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| 58 | \titlepage |
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| 59 | \end{frame} |
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| 60 | |
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| 61 | \section{Exercise} |
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| 62 | \subsection{Exercise} |
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| 63 | |
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| 64 | % Folie 2 |
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| 65 | \begin{frame} |
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| 66 | \frametitle{Exercise 2: Neutrally Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layer} |
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| 67 | \begin{itemize} |
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[1198] | 68 | \item A neutrally stratified atmospheric boundary layer shall be simulated. |
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| 69 | \item<2-> The flow shall be driven by a constant large-scale pressure gradient, i.e. a geostrophic wind. |
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[954] | 70 | \item<3-> At the end of the simulation, turbulence as well as the mean flow should be in a stationary state. |
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| 71 | \end{itemize} |
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| 72 | \onslide<4->\textbf{Simulation features:} |
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| 73 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 74 | \item<4-> geostrophic wind: \tabto{3cm} $u_\mathrm{g} = \unit[5]{m\ s^{-1}}, v_\mathrm{g} = \unit[0]{m\ s^{-1}}$ |
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| 75 | \item<5-> initial velocity: \tabto{3cm} try constant velocity ($u = u_\mathrm{g}, v = v_\mathrm{g}$, everywhere)\\ |
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| 76 | \tabto{3cm} or a mean vertical profile created by the 1D-model |
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| 77 | \item<6-> roughness length: \tabto{3cm} $z_0 = \unit[0.1]{m}$ |
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| 78 | \end{itemize} |
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| 79 | \onslide<7->Please choose domain size, grid size and time to be simulated appropriately. |
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| 80 | \end{frame} |
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| 81 | |
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| 82 | % Folie 3 |
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| 83 | \begin{frame} |
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| 84 | \frametitle{Questions to be Answered:} |
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| 85 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 86 | \item<1-> How long do you have to simulate until turbulence / mean flow become stationary? |
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| 87 | \vspace{1em} |
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| 88 | \item<2-> How do the horizontally and temporally averaged vertical velocity and momentum flux profiles look like? |
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| 89 | \vspace{1em} |
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| 90 | \item<3-> Is it really a large-eddy simulation, i.e. are the subgrid-scale fluxes much smaller than the resolved-scale fluxes? |
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| 91 | \vspace{1em} |
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[1198] | 92 | \item<4-> How do the turbulence spectra of $u$, $v$, $w$ along $x$ and along $y$ look like?\\ |
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[954] | 93 | Can you identify the inertial subrange? |
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| 94 | \end{itemize} |
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| 95 | \end{frame} |
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| 96 | |
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| 97 | % Folie 4 |
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| 98 | \begin{frame} |
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| 99 | \frametitle{Hints (I)} |
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| 100 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 101 | \item<1-> Please remember hints given for the previous exercise! |
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| 102 | \item<2-> \textbf{Initial profiles:} |
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| 103 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 104 | \tiny |
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| 105 | \item<3-> The 1D-model (\texttt{\textcolor{blue}{initializing\_actions} = 'set\_1d-model\_profiles'}) is mainly controlled by parameters \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{end\_time\_1d}} and \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{damp\_level\_1d}}. Please keep in mind that the profiles from the 1D-model should also be in a stationary state. |
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| 106 | \vspace{0.5em} |
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[1198] | 107 | \item<3-> Output of vertical profile data generated by the 1D-model is controlled by parameter \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{dt\_pr\_1d}}. It is in ASCII-format and it is written into a separate file. You can include the profiles of the 1D-model, which are used to initialize the 3D-model, in the standard profile data output of the 3D-model (which is controlled by parameter \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{data\_output\_pr}}) by adding a \texttt{'\#'} sign to the respective output quantity, e.g. \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{data\_output\_pr} = '\#u'}. |
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[954] | 108 | \vspace{0.5em} |
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[1198] | 109 | \item<3-> For the 1D-model, please set \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{mixing\_length\_1d} = 'blackadar'} and \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{dissipation\_1d} = 'detering'} in order to get a correct mean boundary layer wind profile. The default settings of these parameters would switch the turbulence parameterization of the 1D-model to the SGS-parameterization of the 3D-LES-model, which represents only the SGS-parts of turbulence. However, for this exercise the 1D-model has to parameterize all scales of turbulence (i.e. it should be used as a RANS-model). |
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[954] | 110 | \end{itemize} |
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| 111 | |
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| 112 | \item<4-> \textbf{Stationary state:} |
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| 113 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 114 | \tiny |
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[1226] | 115 | \item<4-> You probably will find it difficult to get the mean flow to a stationary state (for the 1D-model as well as for the 3D-model. Can you identify the mechanism responsible for this? Try parameters \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{damp\_level\_1d}} (for the 1D-model) and \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{rayleigh\_damping\_factor}} (for the 3D-model; this is a \texttt{inipar}-parameter!) to overcome this problem. |
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[954] | 116 | \vspace{0.5em} |
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| 117 | \item<5-> You can switch on a Galilei-transformation in order to save CPU-time (see parameter \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{galilei\_transformation}}). |
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| 118 | \end{itemize} |
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| 119 | |
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| 120 | \end{itemize} |
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| 121 | \end{frame} |
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| 122 | |
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| 123 | % Folie 5 |
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| 124 | \begin{frame} |
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| 125 | \frametitle{Hints (II)} |
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| 126 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 127 | \item<1-> \textbf{Spectra:} |
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| 128 | \begin{itemize} |
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| 129 | \scriptsize |
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| 130 | \item<2-> Output of spectra requires to switch on the spectra-package using \textbf{mrun}-option \texttt{-p}:\\ |
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[1228] | 131 | \texttt{mrun ... -p spectra -r \dq d3\# sp\# ...\dq} |
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[954] | 132 | \vspace{0.5em} |
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| 133 | \item<3-> Spectra output is controlled by parameters \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{data\_output\_sp}}, \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{dt\_dosp}}, etc. These package-parameters have to be given in a separate NAMELIST-block which has to follow the \texttt{d3par}-block:\\ |
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| 134 | \texttt{\&d3par end\_time = ... /}\\ |
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| 135 | \texttt{\&spectra\_par data\_output\_sp = ... /}\\ |
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| 136 | \end{itemize} |
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| 137 | \end{itemize} |
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| 138 | \end{frame} |
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| 139 | |
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| 140 | % Folie 6 |
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| 141 | \section{Results} |
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| 142 | \subsection{Results} |
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| 143 | |
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| 144 | % Folie 7 |
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| 145 | \begin{frame} |
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| 146 | \frametitle{Time series of TKE} |
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| 147 | \begin{center} |
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| 148 | \includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/ts.eps} |
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| 149 | \end{center} |
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| 150 | \end{frame} |
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| 151 | |
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| 152 | % Folie 8 |
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| 153 | \begin{frame} |
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| 154 | \frametitle{Vertical profiles of $\overline{w'u'}$, $\overline{w'v'}$} |
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| 155 | \begin{center} |
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| 156 | \includegraphics[width=0.50\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wu.eps} |
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| 157 | \includegraphics[width=0.50\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wv.eps}\\ |
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| 158 | \end{center} |
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| 159 | \end{frame} |
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| 160 | |
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| 161 | % Folie 9 |
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| 162 | \begin{frame} |
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| 163 | \frametitle{Vertical profiles of $\overline{w'u'}$, $\overline{w'v'}$} |
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| 164 | \begin{center} |
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| 165 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wu_sgs.eps} |
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| 166 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wv_sgs.eps}\\ |
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| 167 | \vspace{-0.3em} |
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| 168 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wu_resolved.eps} |
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| 169 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wv_resolved.eps}\\ |
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| 170 | \end{center} |
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| 171 | \end{frame} |
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| 172 | |
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| 173 | % Folie 10 |
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| 174 | \begin{frame} |
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| 175 | \frametitle{Spectra of $u$, $v$ and $w$} |
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| 176 | \hspace{-1em} |
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| 177 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/sp_u.eps} |
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| 178 | \hspace{-2em} |
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| 179 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/sp_v.eps} |
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| 180 | \hspace{-2em} |
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| 181 | \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/sp_w.eps} |
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| 182 | \end{frame} |
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| 183 | |
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| 184 | \end{document} |
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