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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 1998

Last change on this file since 1998 was 1930, checked in by suehring, 8 years ago
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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	3	! This file is part of PALM.
	4	!
	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
	6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
	7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	8	!
	9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	12	!
	13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	15	!
	16	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	17	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	18	!
	19	! Current revisions:
	20	! -----------------
[1913]	21	!
[1930]	22	!
[1913]	23	! Former revisions:
	24	! -----------------
	25	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 1930 2016-06-09 16:32:12Z knoop $
[1844]	26	!
[1930]	27	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	28	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	29	!
[1917]	30	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	31	! Initial revision
	32	!
[1819]	33	!
	34	! Description:
	35	! ------------
	36	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	37	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	38	!> (ADM-R).
	39	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	40	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	41	!> yaw.
	42	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	43	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	44	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	45	!> automatically).
	46	!>
	47	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	48	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	49	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	50	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	51	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	52	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	53	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	54	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	55	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	56	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	57	!
	58	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	59	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	60
	61	USE arrays_3d, &
	62	ONLY: dd2zu, tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
	63
	64	USE constants
	65
	66	USE control_parameters, &
	67	ONLY: dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time
	68
	69	USE cpulog, &
	70	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	71
	72	USE grid_variables, &
	73	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	74
	75	USE indices, &
	76	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
	77	nzb, nzb_u_inner, nzb_v_inner, nzb_w_inner, nzt
	78
	79	USE kinds
	80
	81	USE pegrid
	82
	83
	84	IMPLICIT NONE
	85
[1864]	86	PRIVATE
[1819]	87
[1839]	88	LOGICAL :: wind_turbine=.FALSE. !< switch for use of wind turbine model
[1819]	89
	90	!
	91	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	92
[1864]	93	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	94	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	95
[1839]	96	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	97	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	98	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[1819]	99
[1839]	100	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	101	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	102	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	103	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	104	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	105	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	106
[1912]	107	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
	108	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.0_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
	109	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	110	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	111	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	112	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	113	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	114	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	115	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
	116	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
	117	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	118
[1819]	119	!
	120	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	121	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	122
[1912]	123	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	124	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
	125	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg/m2]
	126	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg/m2]
	127	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	128	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	129	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	130	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	131	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	132	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	133	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	134	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	135	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	136	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	137
[1912]	138
[1819]	139	!
	140	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	141
[1839]	142	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	143	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	144	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	145
[1819]	146	!
	147	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	148	TYPE file_status
	149	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	150	END TYPE file_status
	151
[1912]	152	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	153	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	154
	155	!
	156	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	157
[1839]	158	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	159	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	160	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	161	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	162	INTEGER(iwp) :: rr_int !<
	163	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	164
[1839]	165	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	166
[1912]	167	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	168	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	169	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	170	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	171	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	172	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	173	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	174	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	175
[1912]	176	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	177
[1912]	178	!
	179	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	180	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	181	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	182	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	183	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	184	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	185	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
	186	REAL(wp) :: sqrt_arg !<
[1819]	187
[1839]	188	!
	189	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	190	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	191	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	192	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	193	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	194
[1912]	195	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	196	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	197
[1912]	198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	200
[1912]	201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	203
	204	!
	205	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	206
[1839]	207	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
[1912]	208	REAL(wp) :: delta_t !< tangential segment length
[1839]	209	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	210	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	211	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	212	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	213	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	214	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	215	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	216	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	217	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	218	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[1912]	219	!
	220	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	221	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	222	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	223	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	224	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[1819]	225
[1912]	226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: omega_gen !< curr. generator speed
	229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pitch_add_old!<
	231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	233	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	234	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	235	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	236	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	237
	238	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	240
	241	!
	242	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	246	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	247	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	249
	250	!
	251	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	252	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	253	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	254	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	255
	256	!
	257	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	258	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	259	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	260	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	261
	262	!
	263	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	264	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	265	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	266	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	267
	268	!
	269	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	270	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	271	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	272	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	273	!
	274	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	275	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	276
[1839]	277	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	278	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	279	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	280	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	281	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	282	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	283	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	284	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	285	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	286
[1839]	287	!
	288	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	289
[1912]	290	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	291
[1912]	292	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	293	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	294	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	295	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	296	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	297	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	298	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	299	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1864]	300
	301	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: omega_gen_old !< last gen. speed
	302	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: omega_gen_f !< filtered gen. sp
	303	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: omega_gen_f_old !< last filt. gen. sp
	304	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_gen !< generator torque
	305	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_gen_old !< last gen. torque
[1819]	306
[1864]	307	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[1839]	308	!
	309	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	310
[1912]	311	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	312	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	313	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	316	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	317	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	318	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	319	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	320	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	321	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	322	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	323	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	324
	325
[1839]	326	SAVE
[1819]	327
[1839]	328
	329	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	330	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	331	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[1912]	332
	333	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	334	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	335	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[1839]	336
	337	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	338	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	339	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	340
	341	INTERFACE wtm_init
	342	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	343	END INTERFACE wtm_init
	344
[1912]	345	INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
	346	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_blade_tables
	347	END INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	348
[1819]	349	INTERFACE wtm_forces
	350	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_forces
[1839]	351	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	352	END INTERFACE wtm_forces
[1864]	353
	354	INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	355	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rotate_rotor
	356	END INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	357
	358	INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
	359	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_speed_control
	360	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_speed_control
	361	END INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
[1819]	362
	363	INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
	364	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies
	365	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies_ij
	366	END INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
[1864]	367
	368
[1912]	369	PUBLIC wtm_check_parameters, wtm_forces, wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, &
	370	wtm_parin, wtm_tendencies, wtm_tendencies_ij, wind_turbine
[1819]	371
	372	CONTAINS
	373
	374
	375	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	376	! Description:
	377	! ------------
[1839]	378	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	379	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	380	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	381
	382
	383	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	384
	385	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
[1819]	386
[1839]	387	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	388
	389	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	390	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	391	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	392	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	393	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	394	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	395	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	396	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[1912]	397	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, &
[1839]	398	yaw_control, yaw_speed
	399
[1819]	400	!
[1839]	401	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	402	REWIND ( 11 )
	403	line = ' '
	404	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
	405	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	406	ENDDO
	407	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	408
	409	!
	410	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[1912]	411	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, IOSTAT=ierrn )
	412
	413	IF ( ierrn < 0 ) THEN
	414	message_string = 'errors in \$wind_turbine_par'
	415	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0???', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	416	ENDIF
	417
[1839]	418	!
	419	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	420	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	421
[1912]	422	10 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
[1839]	423
	424
	425	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	426
[1912]	427	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	428
	429
	430	IMPLICIT NONE
	431
	432	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	433	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	434	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
	435	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0???', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	436	ENDIF
	437
	438	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) <= 0.0 ) ) THEN
	439	message_string = 'omega_rot <= 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
	440	'a value larger than zero'
	441	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0???', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	442	ENDIF
	443
	444
	445	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	446	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	447	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	448
	449	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	450	'have to be given for each turbine.'
	451	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0???', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	452
	453	ENDIF
	454
	455
	456	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	457
	458
[1839]	459	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	460	! Description:
	461	! ------------
	462	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	463	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	464	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	465
	466
	467	IMPLICIT NONE
	468
[1864]	469	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	470	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	471
[1839]	472	!
	473	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	474	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	475
	476	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	477	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	478
	479	nrings(:) = 0
	480	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	481
	482	!
	483	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	484	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	485	delta_t_factor = segment_length
	486	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz)
	487	delta_t = delta_t_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz)
	488
	489	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	490	!
	491	!-- Determine number of rings:
	492	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	493
	494	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	495
	496	ENDDO
	497
	498	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	499
	500	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	501	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	502
	503	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	504	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	505
	506
	507	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	508	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	509	!
	510	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	511	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	512	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	513	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	514	ENDDO
	515	!
	516	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	517	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	518
	519	ENDDO
	520
	521	!
	522	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	523	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	524
[1864]	525	!!
	526	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	527	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	528	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	529	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	530	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	531	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	532	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	533	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	534	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	535	! ENDIF
[1819]	536
	537
	538	!
	539	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	540	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	541	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	542	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	543	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	544	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	545	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	546	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	547	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	548
	549	!
	550	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for speed pitch_control
	551	ALLOCATE( omega_gen(1:nturbines) )
[1864]	552	ALLOCATE( omega_gen_old(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	553	ALLOCATE( omega_gen_f(1:nturbines) )
	554	ALLOCATE( omega_gen_f_old(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	555	ALLOCATE( pitch_add_old(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	556	ALLOCATE( torque_gen(1:nturbines) )
	557	ALLOCATE( torque_gen_old(1:nturbines) )
	558
	559	!
	560	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	561	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	562	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	563	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	564	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	565	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	566	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	567
	568	!
	569	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	570	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	571	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	572	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	573	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	574	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	575	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	576	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	577	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	578	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	579	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	580
	581	!
	582	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	583	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	584	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	585	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	586	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	587	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	588	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	589
	590	!
	591	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	592	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	593	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	594	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	595
	596	!
	597	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	598	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	599	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	600	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	601	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	602	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	603	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	604	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	605	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	606
	607	!
	608	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	609	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	610	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	611	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	612	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	613	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	614	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	615
	616	!
	617	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	618	i_hub(:) = 0
	619	i_smear(:) = 0
	620	j_hub(:) = 0
	621	j_smear(:) = 0
	622	k_hub(:) = 0
	623	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	624
[1819]	625	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	626	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	627
	628	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	629	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	630	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	631	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	632	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	633	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	634	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	635
	636	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	637	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	638	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
	639
	640	!
	641	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	642	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	643	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	644	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	645	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	646	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	647	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	648	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	649	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	650	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	651	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	652
	653	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	654	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	655	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	656	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	657	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	658	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	659
	660	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	661	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	662	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	663	turb_cl_tab(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	664	turb_cd_tab(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	665
[1912]	666	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	667	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	668	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	669	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	670	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	671	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	672	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	673	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	674
	675	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	676	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	677	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	678	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	679	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	680	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	681
	682
[1839]	683	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	684
	685
	686	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	687	! Description:
	688	! ------------
[1839]	689	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	690	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	691	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	692
[1839]	693
[1819]	694	IMPLICIT NONE
	695
	696	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	697	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	698	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	699
[1819]	700	!
[1864]	701	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	702	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	703
[1839]	704	!
[1864]	705	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	706	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	707	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
[1839]	708	!
[1864]	709	!-- Help variables for the calulaction of the nacelle drag
	710	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ip !<
	711	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ipg !<
	712
	713	REAL(wp) :: yvalue
	714	REAL(wp) :: dy_int !<
	715	REAL(wp) :: dz_int !<
	716
	717	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	718
	719	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	720	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	721	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	722	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	723
	724	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	725	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	726	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	727	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	728
	729
[1864]	730	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	731
	732	CALL wtm_speed_control
	733
	734	ENDIF
	735
[1839]	736	!
[1819]	737	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	738	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	739	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	740	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	741	!
[1839]	742	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	743	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	744
[1839]	745	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	746	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	747	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	748	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	749	!
[1839]	750	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	751	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	752	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	753	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	754	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	755	!
	756	!-- Square of eps_min:
	757	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	758	!
	759	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	760	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	761	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	762	!
[1839]	763	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	764	!-- function:
	765	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	766
[1864]	767	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	768	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	769
[1819]	770	!
[1864]	771	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
	772	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
[1819]	773
[1864]	774
[1819]	775	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	776	!
[1864]	777	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	778	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	779
	780	!
	781	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	782	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	783	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	784	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz )
	785
	786	!
	787	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	788	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	789	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	790	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	791	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	792	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
	793	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz )
[1864]	794
[1819]	795	ENDDO
	796
	797	!
	798	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	799	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	800	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	801	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	802	!
	803	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	804	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	805
	806	!
	807	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	808	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	809	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	810
	811	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	812
	813	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	814
[1839]	815
	816	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	817	!
[1839]	818	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	819	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	820	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	821	i = i_hub(inot)
	822
	823	!
[1839]	824	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	825	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	826	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	827	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	828	!
[1839]	829	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	830	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	831	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	832	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	833	!-- in grid box 1.
[1819]	834	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz ) + 1
	835	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz ) + 1
	836
	837	!
	838	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	839	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	840	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	841	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	842
	843	!
	844	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	845	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	846	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	847
	848	DO j = nys, nyn
	849	!
[1839]	850	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	851	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	852
[1819]	853	DO k = nzb, nzt
	854
	855	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	856	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	857	!
[1819]	858	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	859	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	860	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	861	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * & ! extension in z-direction
	862	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	863	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	864	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	865	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	866	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	867	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * & ! extension in z-direction
	868	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	869	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	870	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	871	!
	872	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	873	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	874	ELSE
[1912]	875	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	876	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * &
	877	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	878	ENDIF
	879	!
	880	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	881	ELSE
[1912]	882	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[1839]	883	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * &
[1912]	884	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	885	ENDIF
[1839]	886	!
	887	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	888	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	889	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	890
[1839]	891	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	892	!
[1819]	893	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	894	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	895	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * ( &
[1839]	896	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	897	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	898	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	899	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	900	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * ( &
[1839]	901	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	902	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	903	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	904	!
	905	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	906	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	907	ELSE
[1912]	908	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	909	ENDIF
[1839]	910	!
[1819]	911	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	912	ELSE
[1912]	913	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * dtow(inot) * &
	914	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	915	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	916
	917	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	918
	919	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	920
	921	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	922
	923	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	924
	925	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	926
[1839]	927
[1912]	928	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	929
[1839]	930	!
[1864]	931	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	932	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	933	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	934	!!
	935	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	936	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	937	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	938	!
	939	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	940	!
	941	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	942	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	943	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	944	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	945	!!
	946	!!-- bottom intersection point
	947	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	948	!!
	949	!!-- top intersection point
	950	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	951	! ELSE
	952	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	953	! ENDIF
	954	! ENDDO
	955	!
	956	!
	957	! DO j = nys, nyn
	958	!!
	959	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	960	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	961	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	962	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	963	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	964	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	965	!!
	966	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	967	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	968	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	969	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	970	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	971	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	972	!!
	973	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	974	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	975	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	976	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	977	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	978	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	979	! dz_int = dz
	980	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	981	!!
	982	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	983	!!-- within the current grid box:
	984	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	985	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	986	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	987	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	988	! ENDIF
	989	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	990	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	991	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	992	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	993	! ENDIF
	994	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	995	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	996	! ENDIF
	997	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	998	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	999	! ENDIF
	1000	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1001	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1002	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1003	! ENDIF
	1004	! ENDDO
	1005	! ENDIF
	1006	! ENDDO
	1007	! ENDIF
[1819]	1008	!
[1864]	1009	! ENDDO
[1819]	1010	!
[1912]	1011	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1012
[1864]	1013	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1014
[1912]	1015	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1016	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1017
[1912]	1018	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	1019
[1864]	1020	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1021
	1022
[1819]	1023	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1024	! Description:
	1025	! ------------
	1026	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1027	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1028	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1029	!
	1030	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1031
[1839]	1032
[1864]	1033	IMPLICIT NONE
	1034
	1035	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1036	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1037
[1864]	1038	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1039
	1040	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1041
[1864]	1042	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1043	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1044	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1045	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1046	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1047	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1048	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1049	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1050	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1051	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1052
[1864]	1053	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1054	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1055	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1056
[1864]	1057	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1058	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1059
[1864]	1060	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1061	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1062	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1063	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1064	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1065
[1864]	1066	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1067	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1068	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1069	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1070	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1071
[1864]	1072	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1073
[1864]	1074	!
	1075	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1076	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1077
	1078	OPEN ( 201, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
	1079
	1080	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1081	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
	1082	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0???', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1083	ENDIF
	1084	!
	1085	!-- Read distribution table:
	1086
	1087	dlen = 0
	1088
	1089	READ ( 201, '(3/)' )
	1090
	1091	rloop3: DO
	1092	READ ( 201, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
	1093	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1094	dlen = dlen + 1
	1095	ENDDO rloop3
	1096
	1097	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1098
	1099	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
	1100	BACKSPACE ( 201, IOSTAT=ierrn )
	1101	ENDDO
	1102
	1103	DO jj = 1,dlen
	1104	READ ( 201, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
	1105	ENDDO
	1106
	1107	!
	1108	!-- Read layout table:
	1109
[1839]	1110	dlen = 0
[1864]	1111
[1839]	1112	READ ( 201, '(3/)')
[1864]	1113
[1843]	1114	rloop1: DO
[1864]	1115	READ ( 201, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
	1116	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1117	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1118	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1119
[1839]	1120	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1121	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
	1122	BACKSPACE ( 201, IOSTAT=ierrn )
	1123	ENDDO
	1124	DO jj = 1, dlen
	1125	READ ( 201, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1126	ENDDO
[1819]	1127
[1864]	1128	!
	1129	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1130
[1864]	1131	dlen = 0
	1132
[1839]	1133	READ ( 201, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1134
[1843]	1135	rloop2: DO
[1864]	1136	READ ( 201, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
	1137	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1138	dlen = dlen + 1
	1139	ENDDO rloop2
	1140
[1912]	1141	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1142	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1143
	1144	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
	1145	BACKSPACE ( 201, IOSTAT=ierrn )
	1146	ENDDO
	1147
[1839]	1148	DO jj = 1,dlen
[1864]	1149	READ ( 201, * ) read_cl_cd
	1150	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1151	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1152	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1153	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1154	ENDDO
[1864]	1155
[1839]	1156	ENDDO
[1864]	1157
	1158	dlenbl = dlen
	1159
[1839]	1160	CLOSE ( 201 )
[1819]	1161
[1864]	1162	!
	1163	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 630 values) and
	1164	!-- each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.01 degrees --> 36000 values!)
	1165	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1166	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1167	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1168
[1864]	1169	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(0:dlenbl) )
	1170	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(0:dlenbl) )
	1171	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(0:dlenbl) )
	1172	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(0:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1173
[1864]	1174	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1175	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1176
[1864]	1177
	1178	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(0:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1179	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(0:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1180
	1181
	1182	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
	1183
	1184	DO iialpha = 1, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1185
	1186	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1187	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1188	ialpha = 1
	1189
	1190	DO WHILE ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) )
	1191	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1192	ENDDO
[1819]	1193	!
[1864]	1194	!-- Find position in table
	1195	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1196	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1819]	1197
[1864]	1198	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1199	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1200	ENDIF
[1819]	1201
[1864]	1202	trow = lct(1)
	1203	!
	1204	!-- Calculate weights for interpolation
	1205	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1206	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1207	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1208	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1819]	1209
[1912]	1210	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1211	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1212	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
[1864]	1213	ENDIF
[1819]	1214
[1864]	1215	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1216	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1217	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1218	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1219	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1220	ELSE
	1221	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1222	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1223	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1224	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1225	ENDIF
	1226
[1912]	1227	!
	1228	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1229	!-- segments and angles of attack
	1230
	1231	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1232	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1233	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1234	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1235	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1236	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1237	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1238	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1239	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1240	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1241	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1242	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1243	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1244	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1245	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1246	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1247	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1248	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1249	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1250	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1251	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1252	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1253	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1254	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[1819]	1255
[1912]	1256	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[1819]	1257
[1864]	1258	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
	1259
[1912]	1260	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1261
	1262
[1864]	1263	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1264	! Description:
	1265	! ------------
	1266	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1267	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1268	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1269	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1270
[1864]	1271
	1272	IMPLICIT NONE
	1273
	1274	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1275	!
	1276	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1277	!-- the rotors
	1278	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1279	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1280	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1281
	1282	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1283	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1284	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1285
	1286	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1287	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1288	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1289
[1864]	1290	!
	1291	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1292	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1293
[1912]	1294	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1295	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1296	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1297	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1298	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1299	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1300	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1301	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1302	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1303	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1304	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1305	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1306	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1307	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1308	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1309	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1310	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1311	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1312	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1313	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1314	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1315	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1316	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1317	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1318
[1864]	1319	!
	1320	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1321	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1322	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1323	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1324	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1325
	1326	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1327
	1328
[1819]	1329	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1330	! Description:
	1331	! ------------
[1839]	1332	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1333	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1334	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1335
[1864]	1336
[1819]	1337	IMPLICIT NONE
	1338
	1339	CHARACTER (LEN=2) :: turbine_id
	1340
[1839]	1341	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1342	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1343	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
	1344	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg, rseg_int !<
	1345	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring, ring_int !<
	1346	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1347
[1839]	1348	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1349	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1350
	1351	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1352	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1353
	1354	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1355
	1356
[1839]	1357	!
[1819]	1358	! Variables for pitch control
	1359	REAL(wp) :: torque_max=0.0_wp
[1839]	1360	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw=.FALSE.
	1361
[1819]	1362	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct=0
[1839]	1363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d=0.0_wp
[1819]	1364
	1365
[1864]	1366	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1367
	1368
	1369	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1370
[1864]	1371	!
[1819]	1372	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1373	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1374	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1375	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1376	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1377	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1378	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1379	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1380	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1381	!
	1382	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1383	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1384
	1385	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1386	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1387	!
[1839]	1388	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1389	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1390
	1391	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1392	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1393	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1394	!
	1395	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1396	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1397
	1398	!
[1839]	1399	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1400	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1401	!
[1864]	1402	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1403	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1404	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1405	!
[1864]	1406	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1407	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1408	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1409	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1410	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1411	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1412
[1864]	1413	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1414	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1415	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1416	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1417	re(3) = sin_rot
	1418
	1419	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1420	!
	1421	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1422	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1423	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1424	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1425
[1864]	1426	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1427	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1428	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1429	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1430	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1431
	1432	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1433	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1434
	1435	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1436	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1437
	1438	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1439	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1440
	1441	!
	1442	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1443
	1444	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1445	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
	1446	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz
	1447	!
[1864]	1448	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1449	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1450	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1451	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1452
[1839]	1453	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1454	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1455	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1456	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1457	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1458	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1459	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1460	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1461	gg = dx * dy
	1462
[1864]	1463	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1464	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1465	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1466	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1467	) / gg
	1468
[1864]	1469	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1470	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1471	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1472	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1473	) / gg
	1474
[1864]	1475	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
	1476	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1477	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1478
	1479	ELSE
	1480	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1481	ENDIF
	1482	ELSE
	1483	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1484	ENDIF
	1485
	1486
	1487	!
	1488	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1489	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1490	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[1819]	1491	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz
	1492	!
[1864]	1493	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1494	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1495	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1496	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1497
[1839]	1498	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1499	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1500	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1501	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1502	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1503	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1504	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1505	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1506	gg = dx * dy
	1507
[1864]	1508	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1509	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1510	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1511	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1512	) / gg
	1513
[1864]	1514	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1515	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1516	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1517	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1518	) / gg
	1519
[1864]	1520	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
	1521	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1522	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1523
	1524	ELSE
	1525	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1526	ENDIF
	1527	ELSE
	1528	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1529	ENDIF
	1530
	1531
	1532	!
	1533	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1534	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1535	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[1839]	1536	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz
[1819]	1537	!
[1864]	1538	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1539	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1540	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1541	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1542
[1839]	1543	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1544	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1545	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1546	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1547	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1548	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1549	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1550	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1551	gg = dx * dy
	1552
[1864]	1553	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1554	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1555	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1556	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1557	) / gg
	1558
[1864]	1559	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1560	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1561	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1562	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1563	) / gg
	1564
[1864]	1565	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
	1566	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1567	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1568	ELSE
	1569	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1570	ENDIF
	1571	ELSE
	1572	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1573	ENDIF
	1574
	1575	ENDDO
	1576	ENDDO
	1577
	1578	ENDDO
	1579
	1580	!
	1581	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1582	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1583	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1584	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1585	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1586	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1587	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1588	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1589	#else
	1590	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1591	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1592	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1593	#endif
	1594
	1595
	1596	!
	1597	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1598
[1819]	1599	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1600	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1601
[1912]	1602	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1603	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1604	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1605	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1606	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1607	ELSE
	1608	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1609	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1610	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1611	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1612	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1613	ENDIF
[1819]	1614	ENDIF
	1615
[1839]	1616	!
	1617	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1618	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1619	!
	1620	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1621	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1622	!
	1623	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1624	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1625	!
[1839]	1626	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1627	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1628	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1629	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1630	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1631	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1632	!
[1839]	1633	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1634	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1635	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1636	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1637	re(3) = sin_rot
	1638
[1864]	1639	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	1640	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	1641	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	1642	rea(3) = cos_rot
	1643
	1644	!
[1864]	1645	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	1646	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	1647	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	1648	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	1649	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	1650	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	1651	!
	1652	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	1653	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	1654	!-- tilt:
[1819]	1655	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1656	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	1657	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	1658	!
	1659	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1660	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1661
	1662	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1663
	1664	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1665
	1666	!
[1864]	1667	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1668	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	1669	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1670	!
[1864]	1671	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[1819]	1672	!-- components perpedicular and parallel to the rotor area
	1673	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	1674	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	1675	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	1676	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	1677	!
	1678	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	1679	!
[1819]	1680	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	1681	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	1682	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	1683	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	1684	!
[1864]	1685	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	1686	!-- direction:
	1687	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	1688	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	1689	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	1690	!
[1864]	1691	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	1692	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	1693
[1864]	1694	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	1695	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	1696	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	1697
	1698	!
[1864]	1699	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	1700	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	1701
	1702	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	1703	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	1704
	1705	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	1706	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1707	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	1708	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	1709	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	1710	ELSE
[1864]	1711	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	1712	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	1713	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	1714	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	1715	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	1716	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	1717	ENDIF
	1718
	1719	!
[1864]	1720	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	1721	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	1722	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	1723	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1724	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	1725	!
[1864]	1726	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	1727	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	1728	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	1729	!
[1864]	1730	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	1731	!-- to angles given in degree:
	1732	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1733	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	1734	!
[1864]	1735	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[1819]	1736	alpha_attack = alpha_attack + pitch_add(inot)
	1737
	1738	!
[1864]	1739	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	1740	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	1741	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	1742	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	1743	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	1744
	1745	!
[1864]	1746	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1747	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	1748	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	1749	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1750
	1751	!
[1864]	1752	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	1753	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	1754
	1755	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	1756	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1757	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	1758	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	1759	ELSE
[1864]	1760	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	1761	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	1762	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	1763	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	1764	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	1765	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	1766	ENDIF
	1767
	1768	!
	1769	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	1770	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	1771	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 0, +180.0 degrees = 36000,
	1772	!-- so one index every 0.01 degrees):
	1773	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[1839]	1774	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) )
[1819]	1775	!
	1776	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	1777	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	1778	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	1779	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	1780	!
[1864]	1781	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	1782	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	1783	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	1784	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	1785
	1786	!
[1864]	1787	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	1788	!-- angles given in radian:
	1789	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1790	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	1791
	1792	!
	1793	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	1794	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	1795	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	1796
	1797	!
[1864]	1798	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	1799
	1800	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	1801	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1802
	1803	!
[1864]	1804	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	1805	!-- for each ring segment:
	1806	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	1807	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	1808	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	1809
	1810	!
[1864]	1811	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	1812	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	1813	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	1814	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	1815	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	1816	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	1817	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	1818	!
	1819	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	1820	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	1821	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	1822
	1823	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	1824	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	1825
[1912]	1826	!
	1827	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
	1828	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	1829	thrust_seg(rseg)
	1830
	1831
[1819]	1832	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
	1833
[1864]	1834	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	1835
	1836	!
[1864]	1837	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	1838	!-- each ring:
[1819]	1839	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	1840	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	1841	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	1842
	1843
[1864]	1844	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[1819]	1845
	1846
[1864]	1847	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	1848
[1912]	1849
	1850	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	1851	!
	1852	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	1853
	1854	!
	1855	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	1856	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	1857	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	1858	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	1859	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	1860	( inertia_rot + &
	1861	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	1862
[1912]	1863	!
	1864	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	1865	!-- and rotor speed
	1866	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	1867
	1868	ENDIF
	1869
[1864]	1870	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	1871
[1912]	1872	!
	1873	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	1874	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	1875	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	1876	!-- gain
	1877	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	1878	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	1879	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	1880	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	1881	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	1882	!
	1883	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	1884	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	1885	ENDIF
[1912]	1886
	1887	!
	1888	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	1889	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	1890	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	1891	ENDIF
[1912]	1892	EXIT pit_loop
	1893	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	1894
[1864]	1895
[1819]	1896	!
[1864]	1897	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	1898
[1819]	1899	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	1900	!
[1864]	1901	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	1902	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	1903	THEN
	1904	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	1905	THEN
[1864]	1906	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	1907	ENDIF
[1912]	1908	ENDIF
[1864]	1909
[1819]	1910	ENDIF
	1911
	1912
[1864]	1913	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	1914
[1864]	1915	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	1916
	1917
[1864]	1918	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	1919	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	1920	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	1921	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1922	!
[1864]	1923	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	1924	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	1925	!
	1926	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	1927	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	1928	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	1929	!-- consideration
[1819]	1930	!
[1864]	1931	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	1932	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	1933	!
	1934	!--
	1935	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	1936	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	1937	eps_min ) / dx )
	1938	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	1939	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	1940
[1864]	1941	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	1942	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	1943	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	1944	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
	1945	DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	1946	k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	1947	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1948	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1949	!
	1950	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	1951	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	1952	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	1953	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	1954	( k * dz - 0.5_wp * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
	1955	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	1956	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	1957	( k * dz - 0.5_wp * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
	1958	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	1959	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	1960	( k * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	1961
	1962	!
	1963	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	1964	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	1965	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	1966	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	1967	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	1968	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[1864]	1969	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	1970	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	1971	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	1972	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor
[1819]	1973	ENDIF
	1974	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[1864]	1975	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	1976	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	1977	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) *&
	1978	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor
[1819]	1979	ENDIF
	1980	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[1864]	1981	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	1982	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	1983	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) *&
	1984	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor
[1819]	1985	ENDIF
	1986
	1987	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	1988	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	1989
	1990	!
	1991	!-- Rotation of force components:
[1912]	1992	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + &
[1864]	1993	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	1994	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[1819]	1995	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1)
	1996
[1912]	1997	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + &
[1864]	1998	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	1999	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[1819]	2000	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2)
	2001
[1912]	2002	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + &
[1864]	2003	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2004	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[1819]	2005	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3)
	2006
	2007	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2008	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2009	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
	2010
[1864]	2011	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2012
[1912]	2013	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2014
	2015
	2016	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2017	!
	2018	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2019	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2020	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2021	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2022	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2023	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2024	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2025
[1864]	2026	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2027	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2028	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2029	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2030	start_up = .FALSE.
	2031	ENDIF
	2032
	2033	!
	2034	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2035	!--
	2036	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2037	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2038	!
	2039	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2040	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2041	THEN
	2042	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2043	THEN
[1864]	2044
[1819]	2045	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2046
[1912]	2047	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2048	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2049	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2050	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2051	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2052
	2053	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2054
[1819]	2055	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
	2056
	2057	ENDIF
	2058	ENDIF
	2059
[1864]	2060	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2061
	2062	!
[1929]	2063	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2064	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2065	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2066	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2067	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2068	comm2d, ierr )
	2069	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2070	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2071	#else
	2072	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2073	wdir = wdir_l
	2074	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
	2075	#endif
[1819]	2076	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2077	!
	2078	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2079	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2080
	2081	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2082
	2083	END IF
[1864]	2084
	2085	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2086	!
	2087	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2088	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2089	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2090	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2091	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2092	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2093	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2094	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2095	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2096	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2097	#else
	2098	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2099	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2100	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2101	#endif
[1864]	2102
	2103	ENDIF
[1819]	2104
	2105	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2106
	2107	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2108	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2109	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2110	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2111	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2112	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2113	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2114	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2115	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2116	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2117
[1819]	2118	ELSE
	2119
	2120	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(I2.2)') inot
[1864]	2121	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'TURBINE_PARAMETERS'//turbine_id ), &
	2122	FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2123	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2124	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2125	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2126	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2127	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2128	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2129	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2130	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2131	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2132	ENDIF
	2133	ENDIF
	2134
[1912]	2135	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2136	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2137	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2138
	2139	ENDIF
	2140
[1864]	2141	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2142
[1912]	2143	!
	2144	!-- Formats
[1819]	2145	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2146	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2147	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2148	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2149	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2150
[1864]	2151	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2152	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2153
	2154
	2155	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2156
	2157
[1839]	2158	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2159	! Description:
	2160	! ------------
	2161	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2162	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2163	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2164
[1819]	2165	USE constants
	2166	USE kinds
[1839]	2167
	2168	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2169
	2170	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2171	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2172	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2173
	2174	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2175
	2176	!
[1864]	2177	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2178	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
	2179	!-- 5Â°, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2180	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5Â°.
	2181	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2182	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2183	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2184	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2185	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2186	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2187	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2188	!
	2189	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2190	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2191	!
[1864]	2192	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2193	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2194	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2195	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2196	!
[1864]	2197	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2198	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2199
	2200	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2201	!
[1864]	2202	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2203	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2204	!
[1864]	2205	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2206	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2207	!
[1864]	2208	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2209	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2210	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2211	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2212	ENDIF
	2213	ENDIF
	2214
	2215	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2216
	2217	!
[1864]	2218	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2219	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2220	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2221
	2222	ELSE
	2223	!
	2224	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2225	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2226	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2227	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2228	!
[1864]	2229	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2230	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2231	!
	2232	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2233	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2234	!
	2235	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2236	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2237	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2238	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2239	!
	2240	!-- Continue yawing
	2241	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2242	ELSE
[1864]	2243	!
	2244	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2245	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2246	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2247	ENDIF
	2248	ELSE
[1864]	2249	!
	2250	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2251	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2252	ENDIF
	2253
	2254	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2255
	2256	ENDIF
	2257
[1839]	2258	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2259
[1864]	2260
[1819]	2261	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2262	! Description:
	2263	! ------------
[1864]	2264	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2265	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2266	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2267
	2268
	2269	IMPLICIT NONE
	2270
	2271	!
	2272	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2273	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2274	!
	2275	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2276	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2277	!
	2278	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2279	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2280	!
	2281	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2282	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2283	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2284	!
	2285	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2286	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2287	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
	2288	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
	2289	!
	2290	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2291	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2292	!
	2293	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2294	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
	2295	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2296
	2297	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2298
	2299
	2300	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2301	! Description:
	2302	! ------------
	2303	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2304	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2305	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2306
	2307
	2308	IMPLICIT NONE
	2309
[1912]	2310	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2311
	2312
[1864]	2313
	2314	!
	2315	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2316	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2317	!-- offshore system developement"
	2318
	2319	!
	2320	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2321	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2322	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2323	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2324	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2325
	2326	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2327	!
	2328	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2329	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2330
	2331	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2332	!
	2333	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2334	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2335
	2336	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2337	!
	2338	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2339	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2340	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2341
	2342	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2343	!
	2344	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2345	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2346
	2347	ELSE
	2348	!
	2349	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2350	!-- keep the power constant:
	2351	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2352
	2353	ENDIF
	2354	!
	2355	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2356	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2357	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2358	!
	2359	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2360	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2361	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2362	!
	2363	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2364	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2365
	2366
	2367	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2368
	2369
	2370	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2371	! Description:
	2372	! ------------
[1839]	2373	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2374	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2375	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2376	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2377	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies( component )
	2378
[1839]	2379
[1819]	2380	IMPLICIT NONE
	2381
[1839]	2382	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2383	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2384	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2385	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2386
	2387
	2388	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2389
	2390	CASE ( 1 )
	2391	!
	2392	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2393	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2394	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2395	DO j = nysg, nyng
	2396	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(1) + k_smear(1)
	2397	!
[1864]	2398	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2399	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2400	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2401	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2402	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
	2403
[1912]	2404	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2405	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x
[1819]	2406	ENDDO
	2407	ENDDO
	2408	ENDDO
	2409	ENDIF
	2410
	2411	CASE ( 2 )
	2412	!
	2413	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2414	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2415	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2416	DO j = nysg, nyng
	2417	DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(1) + k_smear(1)
[1912]	2418	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2419	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2420	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2421	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2422	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2423	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y
[1819]	2424	ENDDO
	2425	ENDDO
	2426	ENDDO
	2427	ENDIF
	2428
	2429	CASE ( 3 )
	2430	!
	2431	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2432	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2433	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2434	DO j = nysg, nyng
	2435	DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(1) + k_smear(1)
[1912]	2436	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i)
[1819]	2437	ENDDO
	2438	ENDDO
	2439	ENDDO
	2440	ENDIF
	2441
	2442
	2443	CASE DEFAULT
	2444
	2445	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2446	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2447
	2448	END SELECT
	2449
	2450
	2451	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies
	2452
	2453
	2454	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2455	! Description:
	2456	! ------------
[1839]	2457	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2458	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2459	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2460	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2461	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij( i, j, component )
	2462
	2463
	2464	IMPLICIT NONE
	2465
[1839]	2466	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2467	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2468	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2469	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2470
	2471	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2472
	2473	CASE ( 1 )
	2474	!
	2475	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2476	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2477
	2478	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(1) + k_smear(1)
	2479	!
[1839]	2480	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2481	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2482	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2483	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2484	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2485	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2486	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x
[1819]	2487	ENDDO
	2488	ENDIF
	2489
	2490	CASE ( 2 )
	2491	!
	2492	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2493	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2494	DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(1) + k_smear(1)
[1912]	2495	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2496	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2497	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2498	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2499	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2500	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y
[1819]	2501	ENDDO
	2502	ENDIF
	2503
	2504	CASE ( 3 )
	2505	!
	2506	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2507	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2508	DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(1) + k_smear(1)
[1912]	2509	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i)
[1819]	2510	ENDDO
	2511	ENDIF
	2512
	2513
	2514	CASE DEFAULT
	2515
	2516	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2517	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2518
	2519	END SELECT
	2520
	2521
	2522	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij
	2523
	2524	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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