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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3051

Last change on this file since 3051 was 3051, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
Speed-up NetCDF input; Revise NetCDF-input routines and remove input via io-blocks; Temporarily revoke renaming of input variables in dynamic driver; More detailed error messages created; Bugfix in mapping 3D buildings; Bugfix in land-surface model at pavement surfaces; Bugfix in initialization with inifor
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 62.0 KB

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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3051 2018-05-30 17:43:55Z suehring $
27	! Bugfix in calculation of initial Reynolds-stress tensor.
28	!
29	! 3045 2018-05-28 07:55:41Z Giersch
30	! Error messages revised
31	!
32	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
33	! Add missing variable descriptions
34	!
35	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
36	! updated variable descriptions
37	!
38	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
39	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
40	!
41	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
42	! Remove unused module load
43	!
44	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
45	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
46	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
47	! the x- and y-dimension
48	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
49	!
50	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
51	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
52	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
53	!
54	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
55	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
56	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
57	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
58	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
59	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
60	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
61	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
62	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
63	!
64	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
65	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
66	!
67	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
68	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
69	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
70	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
71	! data
72	!
73	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
74	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
75	!
76	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
77	! Change in file header (GPL part)
78	!
79	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
80	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
81	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
82	!
83	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
84	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
85	! parameters during reading restart data
86	!
87	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
88	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
89	!
90	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
91	! Initial revision
92	!
93	!
94	!
95	! Authors:
96	! --------
97	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
98	!
99	!
100	! Description:
101	! ------------
102	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
103	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
104	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
105	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
106	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
107	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
108	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
109	!>
110	!> @todo test restart
111	!> enable cyclic_fill
112	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
113	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
114	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
115	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
116	!> must match with current PALM grid.
117	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
118	!> consider grid stretching.
119	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
120	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
121	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
122	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
123
124
125	USE arrays_3d, &
126	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
127
128	USE constants, &
129	ONLY: pi
130
131	USE control_parameters, &
132	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
133
134	USE cpulog, &
135	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
136
137	USE indices, &
138	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
139
140	USE kinds
141
142	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
143	USE MPI
144	#endif
145
146	USE pegrid, &
147	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
148
149	USE transpose_indices, &
150	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
151
152
153	IMPLICIT NONE
154
155	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
156	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
157	#endif
158
159	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
160	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
161
162	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
163	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
164	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
165	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
166	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
167	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
168	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
169	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
170	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
171	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
172	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
173	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
174	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
175	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
176
177	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
178
179	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
180	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
181	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
182	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
183	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
184	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
185	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
186	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
187	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
188	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
189	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
190	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
191	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
192
193	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
194
195	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
196	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
197	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
198	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
204
205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
208	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
226
227
228	!
229	!-- PALM interfaces:
230	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
231	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
232	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
233	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
234
235	!
236	!-- Calculate filter functions
237	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
238	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
239	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
240
241	!
242	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
243	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
244	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
245	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
246	!
247	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
248	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
249	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
250	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
251
252	!
253	!-- Output of information to the header file
254	INTERFACE stg_header
255	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
256	END INTERFACE stg_header
257
258	!
259	!-- Initialization actions
260	INTERFACE stg_init
261	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
262	END INTERFACE stg_init
263
264	!
265	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
266	INTERFACE stg_main
267	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
268	END INTERFACE stg_main
269
270	!
271	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
272	INTERFACE stg_parin
273	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
274	END INTERFACE stg_parin
275
276	!
277	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
278	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
279	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
280	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
281
282	!
283	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
284	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
285	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
286	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
287
288	SAVE
289
290	PRIVATE
291
292	!
293	!-- Public interfaces
294	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
295	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
296
297	!
298	!-- Public variables
299	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
300	use_syn_turb_gen
301
302
303	CONTAINS
304
305
306	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
307	! Description:
308	! ------------
309	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
310	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
311	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
312
313
314	USE control_parameters, &
315	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
316
317	USE pmc_interface, &
318	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
319
320
321	IMPLICIT NONE
322
323	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
324	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
325	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
326	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
327	ENDIF
328
329	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
330	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
331	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
332	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
333	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
334	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
335	ENDIF
336
337	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
338
339	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
340
341	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
342	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
343	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
344	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
345	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
346	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
347	ENDIF
348
349	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
350	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
351	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
352	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
353	ENDIF
354	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
355	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
356	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
357	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
358	ENDIF
359
360	ENDIF
361
362	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
363	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
364	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
365	'is not allowed'
366	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
367	ENDIF
368
369	ENDIF
370
371	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
372
373
374	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
375	! Description:
376	! ------------
377	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
378	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
379	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
380
381
382	IMPLICIT NONE
383
384	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
385
386	!
387	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
388	WRITE( io, 1 )
389	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
390	WRITE( io, 2 )
391	ELSE
392	WRITE( io, 3 )
393	ENDIF
394
395	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
396	' ------------------------------------------'/)
397	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
398	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
399
400	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
401
402
403	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
404	! Description:
405	! ------------
406	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
407	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
408	SUBROUTINE stg_init
409
410
411	USE arrays_3d, &
412	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
413
414	USE control_parameters, &
415	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode
416
417	USE grid_variables, &
418	ONLY: ddx, ddy
419
420	USE indices, &
421	ONLY: nz
422
423	USE pmc_interface, &
424	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
425
426
427	IMPLICIT NONE
428
429	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
430
431	#if defined( __parallel )
432	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
433	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
434	#endif
435
436	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
437	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
438	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
439	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
440	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
441	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
442	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
443
444	!
445	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
446	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
447	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
448	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
449	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
450	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
451	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
452	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
453	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
454	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
455	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
456	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
457	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
458	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
459	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
460	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
461	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
462
463	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface !< typical length scale
464	REAL(wp) :: r_ii_0 !< correction factor
465	REAL(wp) :: time_scale !< typical time scale
466	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_z !< typical length scale
467
468	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
469	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
470	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
471	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
472	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
473	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
474
475
476	#if defined( __parallel )
477	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
478	#endif
479
480	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
481
482	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
483	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
484
485	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
486	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
487	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
488	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
489	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
490	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
491
492	#if defined( __parallel )
493	!
494	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
495	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
496	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
497	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
498
499	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
500	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
501	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
502
503	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
504	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
505	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
506	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
507	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
508
509	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
510	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
511	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
512	ENDIF
513
514	!
515	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
516	!-- velocity seeds
517	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
518	extent = 1 * realsize
519	!
520	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
521	!-- layer
522	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
523	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
524	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
525	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
526	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
527	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
528
529	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
530	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
531	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
532	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
533	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
534	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
535
536	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
537	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
538
539	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
540	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
541
542	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
543	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
544	ENDDO
545	!
546	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
547	!-- layer
548	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
549	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
550	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
551	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
552	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
553	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
554	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
555	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
556
557	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
558	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
559	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
560	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
561	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
562	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
563
564	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
565	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
566
567	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
568	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
569
570	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
571	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
572	ENDDO
573
574	ENDIF
575
576	#endif
577	!
578	!-- Define seed of random number
579	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
580	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
581	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
582	DO j = 1, nseed
583	seed(j) = startseed + j
584	ENDDO
585	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
586
587	!-- Read inflow profile
588	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
589	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
590	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
591	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
592	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
593	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
594
595	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
596
597	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
598	FORM='FORMATTED')
599	!
600	!-- Skip header
601	READ( 90, * )
602
603	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
604	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
605	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
606	d1, d2, d3, d5
607
608	!
609	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points
610	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
611	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz )
612	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
613	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz )
614	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
615	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz )
616	!
617	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
618	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
619	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
620	nux(k) = nuy(k)
621	!
622	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
623	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
624	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
625	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
626	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
627	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
628	ENDIF
629	ENDDO
630
631	CLOSE( 90 )
632
633	ELSE
634	!
635	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
636	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
637	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
638	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
639	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
640	!-- Vertical fluxes
641	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
642	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
643	time_scale = 100.0_wp
644	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
645	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
646	0.0_wp, &
647	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
648	)
649	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
650
651	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
652	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
653	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
654	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
655	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
656	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
657	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
658	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
659	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
660
661	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
662	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
663	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
664
665	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
666	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
667	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
668
669	tu(k) = time_scale
670	tv(k) = time_scale
671	tw(k) = time_scale
672
673	ENDDO
674	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
675	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
676	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
677	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
678	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
679	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
680	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
681	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
682	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
683
684	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
685	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
686	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
687
688	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
689	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
690	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
691
692	tu(nzb) = time_scale
693	tv(nzb) = time_scale
694	tw(nzb) = time_scale
695
696	ENDIF
697
698	!
699	!-- Assign initial profiles
700	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
701	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
702	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
703	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
704	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
705	ENDIF
706	!
707	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
708	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
709	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
710	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
711	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
712	ELSE
713	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
714	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
715	ENDIF
716
717	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
718	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
719	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
720	ELSE
721	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
722	ENDIF
723
724	!
725	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
726	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
727	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
728	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
729	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
730	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
731	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
732	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
733	ELSE
734	d21 = 0.0_wp
735	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
736	ENDIF
737
738	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
739	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
740	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
741	ELSE
742	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
743	ENDIF
744
745	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
746	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
747	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
748	ELSE
749	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
750	ENDIF
751	ELSE
752	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
753	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
754	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
755	ENDIF
756
757	ENDDO
758	!
759	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
760	merg = 0
761
762	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
763	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
764	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
765	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
766	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
767	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
768	ENDDO
769
770	merg = 2 * merg
771	mergp = merg + nbgp
772
773	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
774	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
775	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
776	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
777	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
778	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
779	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
780	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
781	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
782
783	!
784	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
785	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
786	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
787	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
788
789	!
790	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
791	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
792	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
793	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
794
795	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
796	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
797	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
798	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
799	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
800	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
801
802	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
803	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
804	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
805	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
806	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
807	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
808
809	!
810	!-- Create filter functions
811	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
812	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
813	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
814	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
815	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
816	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
817	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
818	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
819	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
820
821	#if defined( __parallel )
822	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
823	#endif
824
825	!
826	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
827	! time step.
828	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
829	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
830	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
831	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
832
833	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
834	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
835
836	DO j = nysg, nyng
837	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
838
839	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
840	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
841	ELSE
842	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
843	ENDIF
844
845	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
846	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
847	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
848	ELSE
849	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
850	ENDIF
851
852	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
853	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
854	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
855	ELSE
856	fw_yz = 0._wp
857	ENDIF
858
859	ENDDO
860	ENDDO
861	ENDIF
862	ENDIF
863
864	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
865
866	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
867
868
869	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
870	! Description:
871	! ------------
872	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
873	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
874	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
875	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
876
877
878	IMPLICIT NONE
879
880	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
881	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
882	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
883	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
884
885	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
886	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
887
888	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
889
890	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
891
892
893	bxx = 0.0_wp
894
895	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
896	bdenom = 0.0_wp
897	n_k = nxx(k)
898	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
899	n_k2 = n_k * 2
900
901	!
902	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
903	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
904	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
905	ENDDO
906
907	!
908	!-- ( Eq.9 )
909	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
910	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
911	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
912	ENDDO
913	ENDIF
914	ENDDO
915
916	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
917
918
919	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
920	! Description:
921	! ------------
922	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
923	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
924	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
925
926
927	IMPLICIT NONE
928
929	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
930
931
932	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
933
934	line = ' '
935
936	!
937	!-- Try to find stg package
938	REWIND ( 11 )
939	line = ' '
940	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
941	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
942	ENDDO
943	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
944
945	!
946	!-- Read namelist
947	READ ( 11, stg_par )
948
949	!
950	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
951	!-- on
952	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
953
954
955	10 CONTINUE
956
957	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
958
959
960	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
961	! Description:
962	! ------------
963	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
964	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
965	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
966
967
968	USE control_parameters, &
969	ONLY: length, restart_string
970
971
972	IMPLICIT NONE
973
974	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
975
976
977	found = .TRUE.
978
979
980	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
981
982	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
983	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
984	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
985	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
986
987	CASE DEFAULT
988
989	found = .FALSE.
990
991	END SELECT
992
993
994	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
995
996
997	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
998	! Description:
999	! ------------
1000	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
1001	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1002	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1003
1004
1005	IMPLICIT NONE
1006
1007	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
1008	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
1009
1010	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
1011	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
1012
1013
1014	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1015
1016
1017	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1018	! Description:
1019	! ------------
1020	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1021	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1022	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1023	!> (Lund, 1998).
1024	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1025	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1026
1027
1028	USE arrays_3d, &
1029	ONLY: dzw
1030
1031	USE control_parameters, &
1032	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
1033	rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1034
1035	USE grid_variables, &
1036	ONLY: dx, dy
1037
1038	USE indices, &
1039	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1040
1041	USE statistics, &
1042	ONLY: weight_substep
1043
1044	USE pmc_interface, &
1045	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1046
1047
1048	IMPLICIT NONE
1049
1050	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1051	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1052	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1053
1054	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1055	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1056	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1057	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1058
1059	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1060	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1061
1062
1063	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1064
1065	!
1066	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1067	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1068
1069	!
1070	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1071	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1072	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1073	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1074	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1075
1076	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1077	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1078	!
1079	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1080	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1081	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1082	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1083	!
1084	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1085	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1086	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1087	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1088	!
1089	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1090	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1091	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1092	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1093	ENDIF
1094	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1095	ENDIF
1096	!
1097	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1098	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1099	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1100	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1101
1102	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1103	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1104	!
1105	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1106	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1107	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1108	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1109	!
1110	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1111	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1112	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1113	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1114	!
1115	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1116	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1117	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1118	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1119	ENDIF
1120	!
1121	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1122	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1123
1124	DO j = nysg, nyng
1125	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1126	!
1127	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1128	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1129	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1130	ELSE
1131	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1132	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1133	ENDIF
1134
1135	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1136	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1137	ELSE
1138	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1139	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1140	ENDIF
1141
1142	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1143	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1144	ELSE
1145	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1146	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1147	ENDIF
1148	!
1149	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1150	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1151	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1152	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1153	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1154	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1155	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1156	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1157	ELSE
1158	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1159	!experimental test of 1.2
1160	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1161	* 1.2_wp ) &
1162	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1163	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1164	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1165	* 1.3_wp ) &
1166	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1167	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1168	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1169	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1170	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1171	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1172	ENDIF
1173
1174	ENDDO
1175	ENDDO
1176
1177	!
1178	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1179	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1180	!-- inflow boundary
1181	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
1182	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1183	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1184	DO j = nys, nyn
1185	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1186	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1187	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1188	ENDDO
1189	ENDDO
1190
1191	#if defined( __parallel )
1192	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1193	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1194	#else
1195	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1196	#endif
1197
1198	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1199
1200	!
1201	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1202	DO j = nysg, nyng
1203	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1204	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1205	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1206	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1207	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1208	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1209	ENDDO
1210	ENDDO
1211
1212	ELSE
1213	!
1214	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1215	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1216	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1217
1218	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1219	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1220	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1221	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1222	DO j = nys, nyn
1223	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1224	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1225	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1226	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1227
1228	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1229	* dzw(k) * dy &
1230	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1231	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1232	ENDDO
1233	ENDDO
1234	#if defined( __parallel )
1235	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1236	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1237	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1238	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1239	#else
1240	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1241	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1242	#endif
1243
1244	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1245
1246	!
1247	!-- Add disturbances
1248	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1249
1250	DO j = nysg, nyng
1251	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1252	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1253	* mc_factor
1254	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1255	* mc_factor
1256	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1257	* mc_factor
1258	ENDDO
1259	ENDDO
1260	ENDIF
1261	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1262
1263	DO j = nysg, nyng
1264	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1265	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1266	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1267	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1268	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1269	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1270	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
1271	ENDDO
1272	ENDDO
1273	ENDIF
1274	ENDIF
1275
1276	ENDIF
1277	!
1278	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1279	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1280
1281	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1282	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1283	!
1284	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1285	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1286	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1287	ELSE
1288	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1289	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1290	ENDIF
1291
1292	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1293	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1294	ELSE
1295	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1296	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1297	ENDIF
1298
1299	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1300	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1301	ELSE
1302	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1303	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1304	ENDIF
1305	!
1306	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1307	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1308	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1309	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1310	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1311	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1312
1313	ELSE
1314	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1315	!experimental test of 1.2
1316	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1317	* 1.2_wp ) &
1318	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1319	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1320	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1321	* 1.3_wp ) &
1322	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1323	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1324	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1325	ENDIF
1326
1327	ENDDO
1328	ENDDO
1329	!
1330	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1331	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1332	!-- inflow boundary.
1333	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1334	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1335	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1336
1337	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1338	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1339	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1340	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1341	DO i = nxl, nxr
1342	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1343	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1344	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1345	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1346
1347	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1348	* dzw(k) * dx &
1349	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1350	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1351	ENDDO
1352	ENDDO
1353	#if defined( __parallel )
1354	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1355	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1356	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1357	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1358	#else
1359	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1360	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1361	#endif
1362
1363	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1364
1365	!
1366	!-- Add disturbances
1367	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1368
1369	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1370	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1371	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1372	* mc_factor
1373	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1374	* mc_factor
1375	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1376	* mc_factor
1377	ENDDO
1378	ENDDO
1379	ENDIF
1380	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1381
1382	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1383	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1384	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1385	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
1386	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1387	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
1388	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1389	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
1390	ENDDO
1391	ENDDO
1392	ENDIF
1393	ENDIF
1394
1395	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1396
1397	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1398
1399	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1400	! Description:
1401	! ------------
1402	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1403	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1404	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1405	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1406	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1407	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1408	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1409
1410
1411	USE indices, &
1412	ONLY: ny
1413
1414	IMPLICIT NONE
1415
1416	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1417	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1418	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1419	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1420	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1421	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1422
1423	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1424	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1425	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1426	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1427
1428	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1429	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1430	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1431
1432	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1437
1438
1439	!
1440	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1441	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1442	!-- unit variance.
1443	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1444
1445	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1446	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1447	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1448
1449	DO j = 0, ny
1450	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1451	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1452	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1453	ENDDO
1454	ENDDO
1455
1456	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1457
1458	DO j = 0, ny
1459	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1460	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1461	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1462	ENDDO
1463	ENDDO
1464
1465	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1466
1467	DO j = 0, ny
1468	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1469	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1470	ENDDO
1471	ENDDO
1472
1473	!
1474	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1475	DO j = 0, ny
1476	DO k = 1, mergp
1477	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1478	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1479	ENDDO
1480	ENDDO
1481	DO j = 1, mergp
1482	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1483	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1484	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1485	ENDDO
1486	ENDDO
1487
1488	!
1489	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1490	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1491	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1492	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1493
1494	DO j = nysg, nyng
1495	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1496	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1497	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1498	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1499	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1500	ENDDO
1501	ENDDO
1502	ENDDO
1503	ENDDO
1504
1505	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1506	!
1507	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1508	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1509	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1510
1511	#if defined( __parallel )
1512	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1513	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1514	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1515	#else
1516	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1517	#endif
1518
1519
1520	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1526	! Description:
1527	! ------------
1528	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1529	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1530	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1531	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1532	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1533	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1534	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1535
1536
1537	USE indices, &
1538	ONLY: nx
1539
1540
1541	IMPLICIT NONE
1542
1543	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1544	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1545	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1546	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1547	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1548	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1549
1550	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1551	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1552	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1553	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1554
1555	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1556	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1557	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1558
1559	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1560	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1561	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1562	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1563	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1564
1565
1566	!
1567	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1568	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1569	!-- unit variance.
1570	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1571
1572	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1573	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1574	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1575
1576	DO i = 0, nx
1577	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1578	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1579	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1580	ENDDO
1581	ENDDO
1582
1583	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1584
1585	DO i = 0, nx
1586	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1587	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1588	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1589	ENDDO
1590	ENDDO
1591
1592	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1593
1594	DO i = 0, nx
1595	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1596	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1597	ENDDO
1598	ENDDO
1599
1600	!
1601	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1602	DO i = 0, nx
1603	DO k = 1, mergp
1604	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1605	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1606	ENDDO
1607	ENDDO
1608	DO i = 1, mergp
1609	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1610	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1611	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1612	ENDDO
1613	ENDDO
1614
1615	!
1616	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1617	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1618	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1619	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1620
1621	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1622	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1623	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1624	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1625	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1626	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1627	ENDDO
1628	ENDDO
1629	ENDDO
1630	ENDDO
1631
1632	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1633
1634	!
1635	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1636	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1637	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1638
1639
1640	#if defined( __parallel )
1641	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1642	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1643	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1644	#else
1645	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1646	#endif
1647
1648
1649	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1650
1651	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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