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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3065

Last change on this file since 3065 was 3065, checked in by Giersch, 6 years ago
New vertical stretching procedure has been introduced
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 62.6 KB

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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch $
27	! Error message related to vertical stretching has been added, dz was replaced
28	! by dz(1)
29	!
30	! 3051 2018-05-30 17:43:55Z suehring
31	! Bugfix in calculation of initial Reynolds-stress tensor.
32	!
33	! 3045 2018-05-28 07:55:41Z Giersch
34	! Error messages revised
35	!
36	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
37	! Add missing variable descriptions
38	!
39	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
40	! updated variable descriptions
41	!
42	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
43	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
44	!
45	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
46	! Remove unused module load
47	!
48	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
49	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
50	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
51	! the x- and y-dimension
52	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
53	!
54	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
55	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
56	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
57	!
58	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
59	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
60	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
61	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
62	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
63	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
64	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
65	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
66	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
67	!
68	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
69	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
70	!
71	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
72	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
73	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
74	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
75	! data
76	!
77	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
78	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
79	!
80	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
81	! Change in file header (GPL part)
82	!
83	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
84	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
85	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
86	!
87	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
88	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
89	! parameters during reading restart data
90	!
91	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
92	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
93	!
94	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
95	! Initial revision
96	!
97	!
98	!
99	! Authors:
100	! --------
101	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
102	!
103	!
104	! Description:
105	! ------------
106	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
107	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
108	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
109	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
110	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
111	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
112	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
113	!>
114	!> @todo test restart
115	!> enable cyclic_fill
116	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
117	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
118	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
119	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
120	!> must match with current PALM grid.
121	!> Transformation of length scales to number of gridpoints does not
122	!> consider grid stretching.
123	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
124	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
125	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
126	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
127
128
129	USE arrays_3d, &
130	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
131
132	USE constants, &
133	ONLY: pi
134
135	USE control_parameters, &
136	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
137
138	USE cpulog, &
139	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
140
141	USE indices, &
142	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
143
144	USE kinds
145
146	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
147	USE MPI
148	#endif
149
150	USE pegrid, &
151	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
152
153	USE transpose_indices, &
154	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
155
156
157	IMPLICIT NONE
158
159	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
160	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
161	#endif
162
163	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
164	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
165
166	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
167	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
168	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
169	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
170	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
171	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
172	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
173	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
174	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
175	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
176	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
177	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
178	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
179	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
180
181	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
182
183	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
184	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
185	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
186	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
187	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
188	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
189	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
190	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
191	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
192	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
193	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
194	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
195	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
196
197	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
198
199	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
200	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
201	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
202	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
203	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
204	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
205	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
206	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
207	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
208
209	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
230
231
232	!
233	!-- PALM interfaces:
234	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
235	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
236	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
237	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
238
239	!
240	!-- Calculate filter functions
241	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
242	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
243	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
244
245	!
246	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
247	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
248	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
249	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
250	!
251	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
252	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
253	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
254	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
255
256	!
257	!-- Output of information to the header file
258	INTERFACE stg_header
259	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
260	END INTERFACE stg_header
261
262	!
263	!-- Initialization actions
264	INTERFACE stg_init
265	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
266	END INTERFACE stg_init
267
268	!
269	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
270	INTERFACE stg_main
271	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
272	END INTERFACE stg_main
273
274	!
275	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
276	INTERFACE stg_parin
277	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
278	END INTERFACE stg_parin
279
280	!
281	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
282	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
283	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
284	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
285
286	!
287	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
288	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
289	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
290	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
291
292	SAVE
293
294	PRIVATE
295
296	!
297	!-- Public interfaces
298	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
299	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
300
301	!
302	!-- Public variables
303	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
304	use_syn_turb_gen
305
306
307	CONTAINS
308
309
310	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
311	! Description:
312	! ------------
313	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
314	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
315	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
316
317
318	USE control_parameters, &
319	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, forcing, nest_domain, number_stretch_level_start, &
320	rans_mode, turbulent_inflow
321
322	USE pmc_interface, &
323	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
324
325
326	IMPLICIT NONE
327
328	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. forcing ) THEN
329	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
330	'when forcing is used and model operates in LES mode.'
331	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
332	ENDIF
333
334	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. nest_domain &
335	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
336	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
337	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
338	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
339	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
340	ENDIF
341
342	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
343
344	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
345
346	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
347	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
348	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
349	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
350	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
351	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
352	ENDIF
353
354	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
355	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
356	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
357	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
358	ENDIF
359	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
360	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
361	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
362	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
363	ENDIF
364
365	ENDIF
366
367	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
368	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
369	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
370	'is not allowed'
371	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
372	ENDIF
373
374	IF ( number_stretch_level_start > 0 ) THEN
375	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
376	'in combination with stretching is not allowed'
377	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0420', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
378	ENDIF
379
380	ENDIF
381
382	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
383
384
385	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
386	! Description:
387	! ------------
388	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
389	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
390	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
391
392
393	IMPLICIT NONE
394
395	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
396
397	!
398	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
399	WRITE( io, 1 )
400	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
401	WRITE( io, 2 )
402	ELSE
403	WRITE( io, 3 )
404	ENDIF
405
406	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
407	' ------------------------------------------'/)
408	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
409	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
410
411	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
412
413
414	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
415	! Description:
416	! ------------
417	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
418	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
419	SUBROUTINE stg_init
420
421
422	USE arrays_3d, &
423	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
424
425	USE control_parameters, &
426	ONLY: coupling_char, dz, e_init, forcing, nest_domain, rans_mode
427
428	USE grid_variables, &
429	ONLY: ddx, ddy
430
431	USE indices, &
432	ONLY: nz
433
434	USE pmc_interface, &
435	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
436
437
438	IMPLICIT NONE
439
440	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
441
442	#if defined( __parallel )
443	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
444	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
445	#endif
446
447	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
448	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
449	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
450	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
451	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
452	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
453	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
454
455	!
456	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
457	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
458	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
459	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
460	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
461	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
462	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
463	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
464	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
465	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
466	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
467	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
468	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
469	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
470	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
471	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
472	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
473
474	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface !< typical length scale
475	REAL(wp) :: r_ii_0 !< correction factor
476	REAL(wp) :: time_scale !< typical time scale
477	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_z !< typical length scale
478
479	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
480	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
481	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
482	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
483	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
484	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
485
486
487	#if defined( __parallel )
488	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
489	#endif
490
491	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
492
493	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
494	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
495
496	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
497	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
498	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
499	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
500	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
501	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
502
503	#if defined( __parallel )
504	!
505	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
506	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
507	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
508	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
509
510	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
511	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
512	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
513
514	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
515	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
516	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
517	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
518	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
519
520	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
521	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
522	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
523	ENDIF
524
525	!
526	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
527	!-- velocity seeds
528	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
529	extent = 1 * realsize
530	!
531	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
532	!-- layer
533	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
534	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
535	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
536	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
537	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
538	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
539
540	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
541	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
542	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
543	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
544	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
545	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
546
547	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
548	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
549
550	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
551	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
552
553	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
554	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
555	ENDDO
556	!
557	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
558	!-- layer
559	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
560	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
561	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
562	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
563	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
564	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
565	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
566	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
567
568	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
569	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
570	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
571	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
572	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
573	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
574
575	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
576	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
577
578	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
579	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
580
581	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
582	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
583	ENDDO
584
585	ENDIF
586
587	#endif
588	!
589	!-- Define seed of random number
590	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
591	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
592	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
593	DO j = 1, nseed
594	seed(j) = startseed + j
595	ENDDO
596	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
597
598	!-- Read inflow profile
599	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
600	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
601	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
602	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
603	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
604	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
605
606	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
607
608	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
609	FORM='FORMATTED')
610	!
611	!-- Skip header
612	READ( 90, * )
613
614	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
615	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
616	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
617	d1, d2, d3, d5
618
619	!
620	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points. Attention:
621	!-- Does not work if grid stretching is used
622	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
623	nuz(k) = INT( luz / dz(1) )
624	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
625	nvz(k) = INT( lvz / dz(1) )
626	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
627	nwz(k) = INT( lwz / dz(1) )
628	!
629	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
630	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
631	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
632	nux(k) = nuy(k)
633	!
634	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
635	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
636	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
637	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
638	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
639	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
640	ENDIF
641	ENDDO
642
643	CLOSE( 90 )
644
645	ELSE
646	!
647	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
648	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
649	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
650	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
651	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
652	!-- Vertical fluxes
653	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
654	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
655	time_scale = 100.0_wp
656	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
657	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
658	0.0_wp, &
659	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
660	)
661	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
662
663	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
664	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
665	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
666	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
667	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
668	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
669	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
670	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
671	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
672
673	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
674	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
675	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
676
677	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
678	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
679	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
680
681	tu(k) = time_scale
682	tv(k) = time_scale
683	tw(k) = time_scale
684
685	ENDDO
686	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
687	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
688	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
689	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
690	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
691	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
692	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
693	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
694	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
695
696	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
697	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
698	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
699
700	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
701	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
702	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
703
704	tu(nzb) = time_scale
705	tv(nzb) = time_scale
706	tw(nzb) = time_scale
707
708	ENDIF
709
710	!
711	!-- Assign initial profiles
712	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
713	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
714	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
715	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
716	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
717	ENDIF
718	!
719	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
720	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
721	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
722	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
723	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
724	ELSE
725	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
726	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
727	ENDIF
728
729	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
730	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
731	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
732	ELSE
733	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
734	ENDIF
735
736	!
737	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
738	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
739	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
740	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
741	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
742	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
743	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
744	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
745	ELSE
746	d21 = 0.0_wp
747	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
748	ENDIF
749
750	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
751	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
752	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
753	ELSE
754	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
755	ENDIF
756
757	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
758	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
759	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
760	ELSE
761	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
762	ENDIF
763	ELSE
764	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
765	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
766	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
767	ENDIF
768
769	ENDDO
770	!
771	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
772	merg = 0
773
774	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
775	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
776	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
777	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
778	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
779	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
780	ENDDO
781
782	merg = 2 * merg
783	mergp = merg + nbgp
784
785	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
786	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
787	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
788	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
789	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
790	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
791	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
792	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
793	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
794
795	!
796	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
797	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
798	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
799	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
800
801	!
802	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
803	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
804	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
805	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
806
807	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
808	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
809	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
810	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
811	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
812	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
813
814	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
815	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
816	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
817	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
818	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
819	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
820
821	!
822	!-- Create filter functions
823	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
824	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
825	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
826	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
827	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
828	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
829	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
830	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
831	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
832
833	#if defined( __parallel )
834	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
835	#endif
836
837	!
838	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
839	! time step.
840	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
841	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
842	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
843	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
844
845	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
846	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
847
848	DO j = nysg, nyng
849	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
850
851	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
852	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
853	ELSE
854	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
855	ENDIF
856
857	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
858	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
859	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
860	ELSE
861	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
862	ENDIF
863
864	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
865	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
866	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
867	ELSE
868	fw_yz = 0._wp
869	ENDIF
870
871	ENDDO
872	ENDDO
873	ENDIF
874	ENDIF
875
876	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
877
878	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
879
880
881	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
882	! Description:
883	! ------------
884	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
885	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
886	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
887	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
888
889
890	IMPLICIT NONE
891
892	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
893	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
894	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
895	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
896
897	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
898	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
899
900	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
901
902	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
903
904
905	bxx = 0.0_wp
906
907	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
908	bdenom = 0.0_wp
909	n_k = nxx(k)
910	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
911	n_k2 = n_k * 2
912
913	!
914	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
915	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
916	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
917	ENDDO
918
919	!
920	!-- ( Eq.9 )
921	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
922	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
923	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
924	ENDDO
925	ENDIF
926	ENDDO
927
928	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
929
930
931	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
932	! Description:
933	! ------------
934	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
935	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
936	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
937
938
939	IMPLICIT NONE
940
941	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
942
943
944	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
945
946	line = ' '
947
948	!
949	!-- Try to find stg package
950	REWIND ( 11 )
951	line = ' '
952	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
953	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
954	ENDDO
955	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
956
957	!
958	!-- Read namelist
959	READ ( 11, stg_par )
960
961	!
962	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
963	!-- on
964	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
965
966
967	10 CONTINUE
968
969	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
970
971
972	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
973	! Description:
974	! ------------
975	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
976	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
977	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
978
979
980	USE control_parameters, &
981	ONLY: length, restart_string
982
983
984	IMPLICIT NONE
985
986	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
987
988
989	found = .TRUE.
990
991
992	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
993
994	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
995	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
996	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
997	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
998
999	CASE DEFAULT
1000
1001	found = .FALSE.
1002
1003	END SELECT
1004
1005
1006	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
1007
1008
1009	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1010	! Description:
1011	! ------------
1012	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
1013	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1014	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1015
1016
1017	IMPLICIT NONE
1018
1019	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
1020	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
1021
1022	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
1023	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
1024
1025
1026	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1027
1028
1029	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1030	! Description:
1031	! ------------
1032	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1033	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1034	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1035	!> (Lund, 1998).
1036	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1037	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1038
1039
1040	USE arrays_3d, &
1041	ONLY: dzw
1042
1043	USE control_parameters, &
1044	ONLY: dt_3d, forcing, intermediate_timestep_count, nest_domain, &
1045	rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1046
1047	USE grid_variables, &
1048	ONLY: dx, dy
1049
1050	USE indices, &
1051	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1052
1053	USE statistics, &
1054	ONLY: weight_substep
1055
1056	USE pmc_interface, &
1057	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1058
1059
1060	IMPLICIT NONE
1061
1062	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1063	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1064	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1065
1066	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1067	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1068	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1069	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1070
1071	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1072	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1073
1074
1075	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1076
1077	!
1078	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1079	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1080
1081	!
1082	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1083	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1084	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1085	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1086	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1087
1088	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1089	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1090	!
1091	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1092	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1093	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1094	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1095	!
1096	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1097	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1098	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1099	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1100	!
1101	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1102	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1103	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1104	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1105	ENDIF
1106	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1107	ENDIF
1108	!
1109	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1110	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1111	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1112	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1113
1114	IF ( forcing .OR. ( nest_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. &
1115	.NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1116	!
1117	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1118	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1119	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1120	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1121	!
1122	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1123	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1124	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1125	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1126	!
1127	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1128	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1129	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1130	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1131	ENDIF
1132	!
1133	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1134	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1135
1136	DO j = nysg, nyng
1137	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1138	!
1139	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1140	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1141	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1142	ELSE
1143	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1144	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1145	ENDIF
1146
1147	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1148	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1149	ELSE
1150	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1151	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1152	ENDIF
1153
1154	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1155	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1156	ELSE
1157	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1158	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1159	ENDIF
1160	!
1161	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1162	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1163	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1164	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1165	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1166	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1167	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1168	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1169	ELSE
1170	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1171	!experimental test of 1.2
1172	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1173	* 1.2_wp ) &
1174	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1175	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1176	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1177	* 1.3_wp ) &
1178	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1179	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1180	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1181	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1182	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1183	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1184	ENDIF
1185
1186	ENDDO
1187	ENDDO
1188
1189	!
1190	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1191	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1192	!-- inflow boundary
1193	IF ( .NOT. forcing .AND. .NOT. nest_domain ) THEN
1194	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1195	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1196	DO j = nys, nyn
1197	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1198	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1199	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1200	ENDDO
1201	ENDDO
1202
1203	#if defined( __parallel )
1204	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1205	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1206	#else
1207	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1208	#endif
1209
1210	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1211
1212	!
1213	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1214	DO j = nysg, nyng
1215	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1216	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1217	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1218	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1219	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1220	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1221	ENDDO
1222	ENDDO
1223
1224	ELSE
1225	!
1226	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1227	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1228	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1229
1230	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1231	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1232	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1233	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1234	DO j = nys, nyn
1235	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1236	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1237	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1238	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1239
1240	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1241	* dzw(k) * dy &
1242	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1243	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1244	ENDDO
1245	ENDDO
1246	#if defined( __parallel )
1247	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1248	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1249	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1250	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1251	#else
1252	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1253	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1254	#endif
1255
1256	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1257
1258	!
1259	!-- Add disturbances
1260	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1261
1262	DO j = nysg, nyng
1263	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1264	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1265	* mc_factor
1266	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1267	* mc_factor
1268	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1269	* mc_factor
1270	ENDDO
1271	ENDDO
1272	ENDIF
1273	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1274
1275	DO j = nysg, nyng
1276	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1277	u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1278	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1279	v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1280	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1281	w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1:nxr+nbgp) + &
1282	dist_yz(k,j,3) ) * mc_factor
1283	ENDDO
1284	ENDDO
1285	ENDIF
1286	ENDIF
1287
1288	ENDIF
1289	!
1290	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1291	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1292
1293	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1294	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1295	!
1296	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1297	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1298	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1299	ELSE
1300	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1301	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1302	ENDIF
1303
1304	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1305	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1306	ELSE
1307	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1308	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1309	ENDIF
1310
1311	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1312	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1313	ELSE
1314	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1315	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1316	ENDIF
1317	!
1318	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1319	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1320	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1321	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1322	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1323	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1324
1325	ELSE
1326	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1327	!experimental test of 1.2
1328	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1329	* 1.2_wp ) &
1330	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1331	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1332	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1333	* 1.3_wp ) &
1334	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1335	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1336	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1337	ENDIF
1338
1339	ENDDO
1340	ENDDO
1341	!
1342	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1343	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1344	!-- inflow boundary.
1345	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1346	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1347	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1348
1349	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1350	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1351	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1352	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1353	DO i = nxl, nxr
1354	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1355	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1356	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1357	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1358
1359	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1360	* dzw(k) * dx &
1361	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1362	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1363	ENDDO
1364	ENDDO
1365	#if defined( __parallel )
1366	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1367	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1368	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1369	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1370	#else
1371	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1372	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1373	#endif
1374
1375	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1376
1377	!
1378	!-- Add disturbances
1379	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1380
1381	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1382	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1383	u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( u(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1384	* mc_factor
1385	v(k,-nbgp:0,i) = ( v(k,-nbgp:0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1386	* mc_factor
1387	w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) = ( w(k,-nbgp:-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1388	* mc_factor
1389	ENDDO
1390	ENDDO
1391	ENDIF
1392	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1393
1394	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1395	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1396	u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1397	dist_xz(k,i,1) ) * mc_factor
1398	v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1399	dist_xz(k,i,2) ) * mc_factor
1400	w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1:nyn+nbgp,i) + &
1401	dist_xz(k,i,3) ) * mc_factor
1402	ENDDO
1403	ENDDO
1404	ENDIF
1405	ENDIF
1406
1407	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1408
1409	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1410
1411	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1412	! Description:
1413	! ------------
1414	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1415	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1416	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1417	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1418	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1419	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1420	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1421
1422
1423	USE indices, &
1424	ONLY: ny
1425
1426	IMPLICIT NONE
1427
1428	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1429	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1430	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1431	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1432	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1433	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1434
1435	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1436	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1437	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1438	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1439
1440	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1441	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1442	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1443
1444	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1445	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1446	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1447	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1448	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1449
1450
1451	!
1452	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1453	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1454	!-- unit variance.
1455	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1456
1457	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1458	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1459	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1460
1461	DO j = 0, ny
1462	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1463	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1464	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1465	ENDDO
1466	ENDDO
1467
1468	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1469
1470	DO j = 0, ny
1471	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1472	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1473	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1474	ENDDO
1475	ENDDO
1476
1477	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1478
1479	DO j = 0, ny
1480	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1481	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1482	ENDDO
1483	ENDDO
1484
1485	!
1486	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1487	DO j = 0, ny
1488	DO k = 1, mergp
1489	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1490	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1491	ENDDO
1492	ENDDO
1493	DO j = 1, mergp
1494	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1495	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1496	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1497	ENDDO
1498	ENDDO
1499
1500	!
1501	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1502	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1503	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1504	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1505
1506	DO j = nysg, nyng
1507	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1508	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1509	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1510	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1511	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1512	ENDDO
1513	ENDDO
1514	ENDDO
1515	ENDDO
1516
1517	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1518	!
1519	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1520	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1521	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1522
1523	#if defined( __parallel )
1524	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1525	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1526	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1527	#else
1528	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1529	#endif
1530
1531
1532	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1538	! Description:
1539	! ------------
1540	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1541	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1542	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1543	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1544	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1545	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1546	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1547
1548
1549	USE indices, &
1550	ONLY: nx
1551
1552
1553	IMPLICIT NONE
1554
1555	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1556	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1557	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1558	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1559	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1560	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1561
1562	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1563	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1564	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1565	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1566
1567	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1568	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1569	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1570
1571	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1572	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1573	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1574	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1575	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1576
1577
1578	!
1579	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1580	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1581	!-- unit variance.
1582	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1583
1584	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1585	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1586	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1587
1588	DO i = 0, nx
1589	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1590	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1591	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1592	ENDDO
1593	ENDDO
1594
1595	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1596
1597	DO i = 0, nx
1598	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1599	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1600	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1601	ENDDO
1602	ENDDO
1603
1604	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1605
1606	DO i = 0, nx
1607	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1608	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1609	ENDDO
1610	ENDDO
1611
1612	!
1613	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1614	DO i = 0, nx
1615	DO k = 1, mergp
1616	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1617	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1618	ENDDO
1619	ENDDO
1620	DO i = 1, mergp
1621	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1622	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1623	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1624	ENDDO
1625	ENDDO
1626
1627	!
1628	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1629	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1630	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1631	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1632
1633	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1634	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1635	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1636	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1637	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1638	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1639	ENDDO
1640	ENDDO
1641	ENDDO
1642	ENDDO
1643
1644	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1645
1646	!
1647	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1648	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1649	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1650
1651
1652	#if defined( __parallel )
1653	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1654	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1655	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1656	#else
1657	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1658	#endif
1659
1660
1661	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1662
1663	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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