1 | !> @file plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 |
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2 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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3 | ! This file is part of the PALM model system. |
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4 | ! |
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5 | ! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the |
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6 | ! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software |
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7 | ! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later |
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8 | ! version. |
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9 | ! |
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10 | ! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY |
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11 | ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR |
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12 | ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
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13 | ! |
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14 | ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
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15 | ! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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16 | ! |
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17 | ! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover |
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18 | ! Copyright 2017-2020 Institute of Computer Science of the |
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19 | ! Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague |
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20 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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21 | ! |
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22 | ! Current revisions: |
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23 | ! ------------------ |
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24 | ! |
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25 | ! |
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26 | ! Former revisions: |
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27 | ! ----------------- |
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28 | ! $Id: plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 4495 2020-04-13 20:11:20Z raasch $ |
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29 | ! restart data handling with MPI-IO added |
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30 | ! |
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31 | ! 4457 2020-03-11 14:20:43Z raasch |
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32 | ! |
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33 | ! use statement for exchange horiz added |
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34 | ! (salim) removed the error message PA0672 to consider PC 3d data via ascii file |
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35 | ! |
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36 | ! 4392 2020-01-31 16:14:57Z pavelkrc (resler) |
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37 | ! Make pcm_heatrate_av, pcm_latentrate_av public to allow calculation |
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38 | ! of averaged Bowen ratio in the user procedure |
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39 | ! |
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40 | ! 4381 2020-01-20 13:51:46Z suehring |
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41 | ! Give error message 313 only once |
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42 | ! |
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43 | ! 4363 2020-01-07 18:11:28Z suehring |
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44 | ! Fix for last commit |
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45 | ! |
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46 | ! 4362 2020-01-07 17:15:02Z suehring |
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47 | ! Input of plant canopy variables from static driver moved to plant-canopy |
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48 | ! model |
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49 | ! |
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50 | ! 4361 2020-01-07 12:22:38Z suehring |
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51 | ! - Remove unused arrays in pmc_rrd_local |
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52 | ! - Remove one exchange of ghost points |
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53 | ! |
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54 | ! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring |
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55 | ! - Bugfix, read restart data for time-averaged pcm output quantities |
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56 | ! - Output of plant-canopy quantities will fill values |
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57 | ! |
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58 | ! 4356 2019-12-20 17:09:33Z suehring |
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59 | ! Correct single message call, local check must be given by the respective |
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60 | ! mpi rank. |
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61 | ! |
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62 | ! 4346 2019-12-18 11:55:56Z motisi |
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63 | ! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static |
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64 | ! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0 |
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65 | ! |
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66 | ! 4342 2019-12-16 13:49:14Z Giersch |
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67 | ! Use statements moved to module level, ocean dependency removed, redundant |
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68 | ! variables removed |
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69 | ! |
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70 | ! 4341 2019-12-16 10:43:49Z motisi |
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71 | ! - Unification of variable names: pc_-variables now pcm_-variables |
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72 | ! (pc_latent_rate, pc_heating_rate, pc_transpiration_rate) |
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73 | ! - Removal of pcm_bowenratio output |
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74 | ! - Renamed canopy-mode 'block' to 'homogeneous' |
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75 | ! - Renamed value 'read_from_file_3d' to 'read_from_file' |
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76 | ! - Removal of confusing comment lines |
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77 | ! - Replacement of k_wall by topo_top_ind |
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78 | ! - Removal of Else-Statement in tendency-calculation |
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79 | ! |
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80 | ! 4335 2019-12-12 16:39:05Z suehring |
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81 | ! Fix for LAD at building edges also implemented in vector branch. |
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82 | ! |
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83 | ! 4331 2019-12-10 18:25:02Z suehring |
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84 | ! Typo corrected |
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85 | ! |
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86 | ! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi |
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87 | ! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0 |
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88 | ! |
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89 | ! 4314 2019-11-29 10:29:20Z suehring |
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90 | ! - Bugfix, plant canopy was still considered at building edges on for the u- |
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91 | ! and v-component. |
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92 | ! - Relax restriction of LAD on building tops. LAD is only omitted at |
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93 | ! locations where building grid points emerged artificially by the |
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94 | ! topography filtering. |
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95 | ! |
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96 | ! 4309 2019-11-26 18:49:59Z suehring |
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97 | ! Typo |
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98 | ! |
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99 | ! 4302 2019-11-22 13:15:56Z suehring |
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100 | ! Omit tall canopy mapped on top of buildings |
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101 | ! |
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102 | ! 4279 2019-10-29 08:48:17Z scharf |
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103 | ! unused variables removed |
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104 | ! |
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105 | ! 4258 2019-10-07 13:29:08Z scharf |
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106 | ! changed check for static driver and fixed bugs in initialization and header |
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107 | ! |
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108 | ! 4258 2019-10-07 13:29:08Z suehring |
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109 | ! Check if any LAD is prescribed when plant-canopy model is applied. |
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110 | ! |
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111 | ! 4226 2019-09-10 17:03:24Z suehring |
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112 | ! Bugfix, missing initialization of heating rate |
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113 | ! |
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114 | ! 4221 2019-09-09 08:50:35Z suehring |
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115 | ! Further bugfix in 3d data output for plant canopy |
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116 | ! |
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117 | ! 4216 2019-09-04 09:09:03Z suehring |
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118 | ! Bugfixes in 3d data output |
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119 | ! |
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120 | ! 4205 2019-08-30 13:25:00Z suehring |
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121 | ! Missing working precision + bugfix in calculation of wind speed |
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122 | ! |
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123 | ! 4188 2019-08-26 14:15:47Z suehring |
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124 | ! Minor adjustment in error number |
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125 | ! |
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126 | ! 4187 2019-08-26 12:43:15Z suehring |
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127 | ! Give specific error numbers instead of PA0999 |
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128 | ! |
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129 | ! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf |
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130 | ! Corrected "Former revisions" section |
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131 | ! |
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132 | ! 4168 2019-08-16 13:50:17Z suehring |
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133 | ! Replace function get_topography_top_index by topo_top_ind |
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134 | ! |
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135 | ! 4127 2019-07-30 14:47:10Z suehring |
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136 | ! Output of 3D plant canopy variables changed. It is now relative to the local |
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137 | ! terrain rather than located at the acutal vertical level in the model. This |
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138 | ! way, the vertical dimension of the output can be significantly reduced. |
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139 | ! (merge from branch resler) |
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140 | ! |
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141 | ! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani |
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142 | ! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction |
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143 | ! of additional debug messages |
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144 | ! |
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145 | ! 3864 2019-04-05 09:01:56Z monakurppa |
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146 | ! unsed variables removed |
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147 | ! |
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148 | ! 3745 2019-02-15 18:57:56Z suehring |
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149 | ! Bugfix in transpiration, floating invalid when temperature |
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150 | ! becomes > 40 degrees |
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151 | ! |
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152 | ! 3744 2019-02-15 18:38:58Z suehring |
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153 | ! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup |
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154 | ! |
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155 | ! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop |
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156 | ! unused variables removed |
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157 | ! |
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158 | ! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel |
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159 | ! Initial revision |
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160 | ! |
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161 | ! Description: |
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162 | ! ------------ |
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163 | !> 1) Initialization of the canopy model, e.g. construction of leaf area density |
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164 | !> profile (subroutine pcm_init). |
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165 | !> 2) Calculation of sinks and sources of momentum, heat and scalar concentration |
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166 | !> due to canopy elements (subroutine pcm_tendency). |
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167 | ! |
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168 | ! @todo - precalculate constant terms in pcm_calc_transpiration_rate |
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169 | ! @todo - unify variable names (pcm_, pc_, ...) |
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170 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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171 | MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod |
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172 | |
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173 | USE arrays_3d, & |
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174 | ONLY: dzu, dzw, e, exner, hyp, pt, q, s, tend, u, v, w, zu, zw |
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175 | |
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176 | USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, & |
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177 | ONLY: c_p, degc_to_k, l_v, lv_d_cp, r_d, rd_d_rv |
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178 | |
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179 | USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, & |
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180 | ONLY: bulk_cloud_model, microphysics_seifert |
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181 | |
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182 | USE control_parameters, & |
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183 | ONLY: average_count_3d, & |
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184 | coupling_char, & |
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185 | debug_output, & |
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186 | dt_3d, & |
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187 | dz, & |
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188 | humidity, & |
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189 | length, & |
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190 | message_string, & |
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191 | ocean_mode, & |
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192 | passive_scalar, & |
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193 | plant_canopy, & |
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194 | restart_data_format_output, & |
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195 | restart_string, & |
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196 | urban_surface |
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197 | |
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198 | USE grid_variables, & |
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199 | ONLY: dx, dy |
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200 | |
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201 | USE indices, & |
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202 | ONLY: nbgp, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxr, nxrg, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nysv, & |
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203 | nz, nzb, nzt, topo_top_ind, wall_flags_total_0 |
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204 | |
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205 | USE kinds |
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206 | |
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207 | USE netcdf_data_input_mod, & |
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208 | ONLY: input_pids_static, & |
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209 | char_fill, & |
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210 | check_existence, & |
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211 | close_input_file, & |
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212 | get_attribute, & |
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213 | get_dimension_length, & |
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214 | get_variable, & |
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215 | inquire_num_variables, & |
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216 | inquire_variable_names, & |
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217 | input_file_static, & |
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218 | num_var_pids, & |
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219 | open_read_file, & |
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220 | pids_id, & |
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221 | real_3d, & |
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222 | vars_pids |
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223 | |
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224 | USE pegrid |
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225 | |
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226 | USE restart_data_mpi_io_mod, & |
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227 | ONLY: wrd_mpi_io |
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228 | |
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229 | USE surface_mod, & |
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230 | ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_lsm_h, surf_usm_h |
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231 | |
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232 | |
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233 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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234 | |
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235 | CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: canopy_mode = 'homogeneous' !< canopy coverage |
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236 | LOGICAL :: plant_canopy_transpiration = .FALSE. !< flag to switch calculation of transpiration and corresponding latent heat |
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237 | !< for resolved plant canopy inside radiation model |
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238 | !< (calls subroutine pcm_calc_transpiration_rate from module plant_canopy_mod) |
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239 | |
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240 | INTEGER(iwp) :: pch_index = 0 !< plant canopy height/top index |
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241 | INTEGER(iwp) :: lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(10) = -9999 !< lad-profile levels (index) |
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242 | |
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243 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pch_index_ji !< local plant canopy top |
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244 | |
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245 | LOGICAL :: calc_beta_lad_profile = .FALSE. !< switch for calc. of lad from beta func. |
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246 | |
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247 | REAL(wp) :: alpha_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation |
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248 | REAL(wp) :: beta_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation |
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249 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy drag coefficient (parameter) |
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250 | REAL(wp) :: cthf = 0.0_wp !< canopy top heat flux |
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251 | REAL(wp) :: dt_plant_canopy = 0.0_wp !< timestep account. for canopy drag |
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252 | REAL(wp) :: ext_coef = 0.6_wp !< extinction coefficient |
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253 | REAL(wp) :: lad_surface = 0.0_wp !< lad surface value |
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254 | REAL(wp) :: lai_beta = 0.0_wp !< leaf area index (lai) for lad calc. |
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255 | REAL(wp) :: leaf_scalar_exch_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy scalar exchange coeff. |
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256 | REAL(wp) :: leaf_surface_conc = 0.0_wp !< leaf surface concentration |
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257 | |
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258 | REAL(wp) :: lad_vertical_gradient(10) = 0.0_wp !< lad gradient |
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259 | REAL(wp) :: lad_vertical_gradient_level(10) = -9999999.9_wp !< lad-prof. levels (in m) |
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260 | |
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261 | REAL(wp) :: lad_type_coef(0:10) = 1.0_wp !< multiplicative coeficients for particular types |
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262 | !< of plant canopy (e.g. deciduous tree during winter) |
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263 | |
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264 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad !< leaf area density |
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265 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pre_lad !< preliminary lad |
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266 | |
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267 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: cum_lai_hf !< cumulative lai for heatflux calc. |
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268 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad_s !< lad on scalar-grid |
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269 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_heating_rate !< plant canopy heating rate |
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270 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_transpiration_rate !< plant canopy transpiration rate |
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271 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_latent_rate !< plant canopy latent heating rate |
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272 | |
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273 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_heatrate_av !< array for averaging plant canopy sensible heating rate |
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274 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_latentrate_av !< array for averaging plant canopy latent heating rate |
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275 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_transpirationrate_av !< array for averaging plant canopy transpiration rate |
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276 | |
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277 | TYPE(real_3d) :: basal_area_density_f !< input variable for basal area density - resolved vegetation |
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278 | TYPE(real_3d) :: leaf_area_density_f !< input variable for leaf area density - resolved vegetation |
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279 | TYPE(real_3d) :: root_area_density_lad_f !< input variable for root area density - resolved vegetation |
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280 | |
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281 | SAVE |
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282 | |
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283 | PRIVATE |
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284 | |
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285 | ! |
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286 | !-- Public functions |
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287 | PUBLIC pcm_calc_transpiration_rate, & |
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288 | pcm_check_data_output, & |
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289 | pcm_check_parameters, & |
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290 | pcm_3d_data_averaging, & |
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291 | pcm_data_output_3d, & |
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292 | pcm_define_netcdf_grid, & |
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293 | pcm_header, & |
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294 | pcm_init, & |
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295 | pcm_parin, & |
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296 | pcm_rrd_local, & |
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297 | pcm_tendency, & |
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298 | pcm_wrd_local |
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299 | |
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300 | ! |
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301 | !-- Public variables and constants |
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302 | PUBLIC canopy_drag_coeff, pcm_heating_rate, pcm_transpiration_rate, & |
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303 | pcm_latent_rate, canopy_mode, cthf, dt_plant_canopy, lad, lad_s, & |
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304 | pch_index, plant_canopy_transpiration, & |
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305 | pcm_heatrate_av, pcm_latentrate_av |
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306 | |
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307 | INTERFACE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate |
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308 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate |
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309 | END INTERFACE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate |
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310 | |
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311 | INTERFACE pcm_check_data_output |
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312 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_data_output |
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313 | END INTERFACE pcm_check_data_output |
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314 | |
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315 | INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters |
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316 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_parameters |
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317 | END INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters |
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318 | |
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319 | INTERFACE pcm_3d_data_averaging |
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320 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_3d_data_averaging |
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321 | END INTERFACE pcm_3d_data_averaging |
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322 | |
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323 | INTERFACE pcm_data_output_3d |
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324 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_data_output_3d |
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325 | END INTERFACE pcm_data_output_3d |
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326 | |
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327 | INTERFACE pcm_define_netcdf_grid |
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328 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_define_netcdf_grid |
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329 | END INTERFACE pcm_define_netcdf_grid |
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330 | |
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331 | INTERFACE pcm_header |
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332 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_header |
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333 | END INTERFACE pcm_header |
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334 | |
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335 | INTERFACE pcm_init |
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336 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_init |
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337 | END INTERFACE pcm_init |
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338 | |
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339 | INTERFACE pcm_parin |
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340 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_parin |
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341 | END INTERFACE pcm_parin |
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342 | |
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343 | INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
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344 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
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345 | END INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
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346 | |
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347 | INTERFACE pcm_rrd_local |
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348 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_rrd_local |
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349 | END INTERFACE pcm_rrd_local |
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350 | |
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351 | INTERFACE pcm_tendency |
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352 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency |
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353 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency_ij |
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354 | END INTERFACE pcm_tendency |
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355 | |
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356 | INTERFACE pcm_wrd_local |
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357 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_wrd_local |
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358 | END INTERFACE pcm_wrd_local |
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359 | |
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360 | |
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361 | CONTAINS |
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362 | |
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363 | |
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364 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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365 | ! Description: |
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366 | ! ------------ |
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367 | !> Calculation of the plant canopy transpiration rate based on the Jarvis-Stewart |
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368 | !> with parametrizations described in Daudet et al. (1999; Agricult. and Forest |
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369 | !> Meteorol. 97) and Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017; Agricult. and Forest Meteorol |
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370 | !> 237-238). Model functions f1-f4 were adapted from Stewart (1998; Agric. |
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371 | !> and Forest. Meteorol. 43) instead, because they are valid for broader intervals |
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372 | !> of values. Funcion f4 used in form present in van Wijk et al. (1998; |
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373 | !> Tree Physiology 20). |
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374 | !> |
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375 | !> This subroutine is called from subroutine radiation_interaction |
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376 | !> after the calculation of radiation in plant canopy boxes. |
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377 | !> (arrays pcbinsw and pcbinlw). |
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378 | !> |
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379 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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380 | SUBROUTINE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate(i, j, k, kk, pcbsw, pcblw, pcbtr, pcblh) |
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381 | |
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382 | ! |
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383 | !-- input parameters |
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384 | INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: i, j, k, kk !< indices of the pc gridbox |
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385 | REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: pcbsw !< sw radiation in gridbox (W) |
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386 | REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: pcblw !< lw radiation in gridbox (W) |
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387 | REAL(wp), INTENT(OUT) :: pcbtr !< transpiration rate dq/dt (kg/kg/s) |
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388 | REAL(wp), INTENT(OUT) :: pcblh !< latent heat from transpiration dT/dt (K/s) |
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389 | |
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390 | !-- variables and parameters for calculation of transpiration rate |
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391 | REAL(wp) :: sat_press, sat_press_d, temp, v_lad |
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392 | REAL(wp) :: d_fact, g_b, g_s, wind_speed, evapor_rate |
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393 | REAL(wp) :: f1, f2, f3, f4, vpd, rswc, e_eq, e_imp, rad |
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394 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: gama_psychr = 66.0_wp !< psychrometric constant (Pa/K) |
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395 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: g_s_max = 0.01 !< maximum stomatal conductivity (m/s) |
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396 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: m_soil = 0.4_wp !< soil water content (needs to adjust or take from LSM) |
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397 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: m_wilt = 0.01_wp !< wilting point soil water content (needs to adjust or take from LSM) |
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398 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: m_sat = 0.51_wp !< saturation soil water content (needs to adjust or take from LSM) |
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399 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: t2_min = 0.0_wp !< minimal temperature for calculation of f2 |
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400 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: t2_max = 40.0_wp !< maximal temperature for calculation of f2 |
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401 | |
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402 | |
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403 | !-- Temperature (deg C) |
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404 | temp = pt(k,j,i) * exner(k) - degc_to_k |
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405 | !-- Coefficient for conversion of radiation to grid to radiation to unit leaves surface |
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406 | v_lad = 1.0_wp / ( MAX( lad_s(kk,j,i), 1.0E-10_wp ) * dx * dy * dz(1) ) |
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407 | !-- Magnus formula for the saturation pressure (see Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) eq. 1) |
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408 | !-- There are updated formulas available, kept consistent with the rest of the parametrization |
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409 | sat_press = 610.8_wp * exp(17.27_wp * temp/(temp + 237.3_wp)) |
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410 | !-- Saturation pressure derivative (derivative of the above) |
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411 | sat_press_d = sat_press * 17.27_wp * 237.3_wp / (temp + 237.3_wp)**2 |
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412 | !-- Wind speed |
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413 | wind_speed = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + u(k,j,i+1) ) )**2 + & |
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414 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + v(k,j+1,i) ) )**2 + & |
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415 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + w(k-1,j,i) ) )**2 ) |
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416 | !-- Aerodynamic conductivity (Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 14 |
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417 | g_b = 0.01_wp * wind_speed + 0.0071_wp |
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418 | !-- Radiation flux per leaf surface unit |
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419 | rad = pcbsw * v_lad |
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420 | !-- First function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (radiation dependency) |
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421 | !-- Stewart (1988; Agric. and Forest. Meteorol. 43) eq. 17 |
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422 | f1 = rad * (1000.0_wp+42.1_wp) / 1000.0_wp / (rad+42.1_wp) |
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423 | !-- Second function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (temperature dependency) |
---|
424 | !-- Stewart (1988; Agric. and Forest. Meteorol. 43) eq. 21 |
---|
425 | f2 = MAX(t2_min, (temp-t2_min) * MAX(0.0_wp,t2_max-temp)**((t2_max-16.9_wp)/(16.9_wp-t2_min)) / & |
---|
426 | ((16.9_wp-t2_min) * (t2_max-16.9_wp)**((t2_max-16.9_wp)/(16.9_wp-t2_min))) ) |
---|
427 | !-- Water pressure deficit |
---|
428 | !-- Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) eq. 6 but with water vapour partial pressure |
---|
429 | vpd = max( sat_press - q(k,j,i) * hyp(k) / rd_d_rv, 0._wp ) |
---|
430 | !-- Third function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (water pressure deficit dependency) |
---|
431 | !-- Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) Table 1, limited from below according to Stewart (1988) |
---|
432 | !-- The coefficients of the linear dependence should better correspond to broad-leaved trees |
---|
433 | !-- than the coefficients from Stewart (1988) which correspond to conifer trees. |
---|
434 | vpd = MIN(MAX(vpd,770.0_wp),3820.0_wp) |
---|
435 | f3 = -2E-4_wp * vpd + 1.154_wp |
---|
436 | !-- Fourth function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (soil moisture dependency) |
---|
437 | !-- Residual soil water content |
---|
438 | !-- van Wijk et al. (1998; Tree Physiology 20) eq. 7 |
---|
439 | !-- TODO - over LSM surface might be calculated from LSM parameters |
---|
440 | rswc = ( m_sat - m_soil ) / ( m_sat - m_wilt ) |
---|
441 | !-- van Wijk et al. (1998; Tree Physiology 20) eq. 5-6 (it is a reformulation of eq. 22-23 of Stewart(1988)) |
---|
442 | f4 = MAX(0.0_wp, MIN(1.0_wp - 0.041_wp * EXP(3.2_wp * rswc), 1.0_wp - 0.041_wp)) |
---|
443 | !-- Stomatal conductivity |
---|
444 | !-- Stewart (1988; Agric. and Forest. Meteorol. 43) eq. 12 |
---|
445 | !-- (notation according to Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) and others) |
---|
446 | g_s = g_s_max * f1 * f2 * f3 * f4 + 1.0E-10_wp |
---|
447 | !-- Decoupling factor |
---|
448 | !-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 6 |
---|
449 | d_fact = (sat_press_d / gama_psychr + 2.0_wp ) / & |
---|
450 | (sat_press_d / gama_psychr + 2.0_wp + 2.0_wp * g_b / g_s ) |
---|
451 | !-- Equilibrium evaporation rate |
---|
452 | !-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 4 |
---|
453 | e_eq = (pcbsw + pcblw) * v_lad * sat_press_d / & |
---|
454 | gama_psychr /( sat_press_d / gama_psychr + 2.0_wp ) / l_v |
---|
455 | !-- Imposed evaporation rate |
---|
456 | !-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 5 |
---|
457 | e_imp = r_d * pt(k,j,i) * exner(k) / hyp(k) * c_p * g_s * vpd / gama_psychr / l_v |
---|
458 | !-- Evaporation rate |
---|
459 | !-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 3 |
---|
460 | !-- (evaporation rate is limited to non-negative values) |
---|
461 | evapor_rate = MAX(d_fact * e_eq + ( 1.0_wp - d_fact ) * e_imp, 0.0_wp) |
---|
462 | !-- Conversion of evaporation rate to q tendency in gridbox |
---|
463 | !-- dq/dt = E * LAD * V_g / (rho_air * V_g) |
---|
464 | pcbtr = evapor_rate * r_d * pt(k,j,i) * exner(k) * lad_s(kk,j,i) / hyp(k) !-- = dq/dt |
---|
465 | !-- latent heat from evaporation |
---|
466 | pcblh = pcbtr * lv_d_cp !-- = - dT/dt |
---|
467 | |
---|
468 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate |
---|
469 | |
---|
470 | |
---|
471 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
472 | ! Description: |
---|
473 | ! ------------ |
---|
474 | !> Check data output for plant canopy model |
---|
475 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
476 | SUBROUTINE pcm_check_data_output( var, unit ) |
---|
477 | |
---|
478 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !< |
---|
479 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !< |
---|
480 | |
---|
481 | |
---|
482 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) ) |
---|
483 | |
---|
484 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' ) |
---|
485 | IF ( cthf == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN |
---|
486 | message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // & |
---|
487 | 'res setting of parameter cthf /= 0.0' |
---|
488 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_data_output', 'PA1000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
489 | ENDIF |
---|
490 | unit = 'K s-1' |
---|
491 | |
---|
492 | CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' ) |
---|
493 | unit = 'kg kg-1 s-1' |
---|
494 | |
---|
495 | CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' ) |
---|
496 | unit = 'K s-1' |
---|
497 | |
---|
498 | CASE ( 'pcm_lad' ) |
---|
499 | unit = 'm2 m-3' |
---|
500 | |
---|
501 | |
---|
502 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
503 | unit = 'illegal' |
---|
504 | |
---|
505 | END SELECT |
---|
506 | |
---|
507 | |
---|
508 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_data_output |
---|
509 | |
---|
510 | |
---|
511 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
512 | ! Description: |
---|
513 | ! ------------ |
---|
514 | !> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model |
---|
515 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
516 | SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters |
---|
517 | |
---|
518 | IF ( ocean_mode ) THEN |
---|
519 | message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. is not allowed in the '// & |
---|
520 | 'ocean' |
---|
521 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0696', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
522 | ENDIF |
---|
523 | |
---|
524 | IF ( canopy_drag_coeff == 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
525 | message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires a non-zero drag '// & |
---|
526 | 'coefficient & given value is canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0' |
---|
527 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0041', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
528 | ENDIF |
---|
529 | |
---|
530 | IF ( ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR.& |
---|
531 | beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. alpha_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
532 | message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // & |
---|
533 | 'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // & |
---|
534 | 'both alpha_lad and beta_lad to be /= 9999999.9' |
---|
535 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0118', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
536 | ENDIF |
---|
537 | |
---|
538 | IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lai_beta == 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
539 | message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // & |
---|
540 | 'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // & |
---|
541 | 'a non-zero lai_beta, but given value is ' // & |
---|
542 | 'lai_beta = 0.0' |
---|
543 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0119', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
544 | ENDIF |
---|
545 | |
---|
546 | IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lad_surface /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
547 | message_string = 'simultaneous setting of alpha_lad /= 9999999.9 '// & |
---|
548 | 'combined with beta_lad /= 9999999.9 ' // & |
---|
549 | 'and lad_surface /= 0.0 is not possible, ' // & |
---|
550 | 'use either vertical gradients or the beta ' // & |
---|
551 | 'function for the construction of the leaf area '// & |
---|
552 | 'density profile' |
---|
553 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0120', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
554 | ENDIF |
---|
555 | |
---|
556 | IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN |
---|
557 | message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires cloud_scheme /=' // & |
---|
558 | ' seifert_beheng' |
---|
559 | CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0360', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
560 | ENDIF |
---|
561 | |
---|
562 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters |
---|
563 | |
---|
564 | |
---|
565 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
566 | ! |
---|
567 | ! Description: |
---|
568 | ! ------------ |
---|
569 | !> Subroutine for averaging 3D data |
---|
570 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
571 | SUBROUTINE pcm_3d_data_averaging( mode, variable ) |
---|
572 | |
---|
573 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: mode !< |
---|
574 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !< |
---|
575 | |
---|
576 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< |
---|
577 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< |
---|
578 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< |
---|
579 | |
---|
580 | |
---|
581 | IF ( mode == 'allocate' ) THEN |
---|
582 | |
---|
583 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) ) |
---|
584 | |
---|
585 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' ) |
---|
586 | IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
587 | ALLOCATE( pcm_heatrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
588 | ENDIF |
---|
589 | pcm_heatrate_av = 0.0_wp |
---|
590 | |
---|
591 | |
---|
592 | CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' ) |
---|
593 | IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
594 | ALLOCATE( pcm_latentrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
595 | ENDIF |
---|
596 | pcm_latentrate_av = 0.0_wp |
---|
597 | |
---|
598 | |
---|
599 | CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' ) |
---|
600 | IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
601 | ALLOCATE( pcm_transpirationrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
602 | ENDIF |
---|
603 | pcm_transpirationrate_av = 0.0_wp |
---|
604 | |
---|
605 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
606 | CONTINUE |
---|
607 | |
---|
608 | END SELECT |
---|
609 | |
---|
610 | ELSEIF ( mode == 'sum' ) THEN |
---|
611 | |
---|
612 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) ) |
---|
613 | |
---|
614 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' ) |
---|
615 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
616 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
617 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
618 | IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
619 | DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
620 | pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(k,j,i) |
---|
621 | ENDDO |
---|
622 | ENDIF |
---|
623 | ENDDO |
---|
624 | ENDDO |
---|
625 | ENDIF |
---|
626 | |
---|
627 | |
---|
628 | CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' ) |
---|
629 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
630 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
631 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
632 | IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
633 | DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
634 | pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) + pcm_latent_rate(k,j,i) |
---|
635 | ENDDO |
---|
636 | ENDIF |
---|
637 | ENDDO |
---|
638 | ENDDO |
---|
639 | ENDIF |
---|
640 | |
---|
641 | |
---|
642 | CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' ) |
---|
643 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
644 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
645 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
646 | IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
647 | DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
648 | pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) + pcm_transpiration_rate(k,j,i) |
---|
649 | ENDDO |
---|
650 | ENDIF |
---|
651 | ENDDO |
---|
652 | ENDDO |
---|
653 | ENDIF |
---|
654 | |
---|
655 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
656 | CONTINUE |
---|
657 | |
---|
658 | END SELECT |
---|
659 | |
---|
660 | ELSEIF ( mode == 'average' ) THEN |
---|
661 | |
---|
662 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) ) |
---|
663 | |
---|
664 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' ) |
---|
665 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
666 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
667 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
668 | IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
669 | DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
670 | pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) & |
---|
671 | / REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp ) |
---|
672 | ENDDO |
---|
673 | ENDIF |
---|
674 | ENDDO |
---|
675 | ENDDO |
---|
676 | ENDIF |
---|
677 | |
---|
678 | |
---|
679 | CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' ) |
---|
680 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
681 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
682 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
683 | IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
684 | DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
685 | pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) & |
---|
686 | / REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp ) |
---|
687 | ENDDO |
---|
688 | ENDIF |
---|
689 | ENDDO |
---|
690 | ENDDO |
---|
691 | ENDIF |
---|
692 | |
---|
693 | |
---|
694 | CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' ) |
---|
695 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
696 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
697 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
698 | IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
699 | DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
700 | pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) & |
---|
701 | / REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp ) |
---|
702 | ENDDO |
---|
703 | ENDIF |
---|
704 | ENDDO |
---|
705 | ENDDO |
---|
706 | ENDIF |
---|
707 | |
---|
708 | END SELECT |
---|
709 | |
---|
710 | ENDIF |
---|
711 | |
---|
712 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_3d_data_averaging |
---|
713 | |
---|
714 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
715 | ! |
---|
716 | ! Description: |
---|
717 | ! ------------ |
---|
718 | !> Subroutine defining 3D output variables. |
---|
719 | !> Note, 3D plant-canopy output has it's own vertical output dimension, meaning |
---|
720 | !> that 3D output is relative to the model surface now rather than at the actual |
---|
721 | !> grid point where the plant canopy is located. |
---|
722 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
723 | SUBROUTINE pcm_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf, fill_value, & |
---|
724 | nzb_do, nzt_do ) |
---|
725 | |
---|
726 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !< treated variable |
---|
727 | |
---|
728 | INTEGER(iwp) :: av !< flag indicating instantaneous or averaged data output |
---|
729 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x-direction |
---|
730 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y-direction |
---|
731 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z-direction |
---|
732 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_do !< lower limit of the data output (usually 0) |
---|
733 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_do !< vertical upper limit of the data output (usually nz_do3d) |
---|
734 | |
---|
735 | LOGICAL :: found !< flag indicating if variable is found |
---|
736 | |
---|
737 | REAL(wp) :: fill_value !< fill value |
---|
738 | REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_do:nzt_do) :: local_pf !< data output array |
---|
739 | |
---|
740 | |
---|
741 | found = .TRUE. |
---|
742 | |
---|
743 | local_pf = REAL( fill_value, KIND = 4 ) |
---|
744 | |
---|
745 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) ) |
---|
746 | ! |
---|
747 | !-- Note, to save memory arrays for heating are allocated from 0:pch_index. |
---|
748 | !-- Thus, output must be relative to these array indices. Further, check |
---|
749 | !-- whether the output is within the vertical output range, |
---|
750 | !-- i.e. nzb_do:nzt_do, which is necessary as local_pf is only allocated |
---|
751 | !-- for this index space. Note, plant-canopy output has a separate |
---|
752 | !-- vertical output coordinate zlad, so that output is mapped down to the |
---|
753 | !-- surface. |
---|
754 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' ) |
---|
755 | IF ( av == 0 ) THEN |
---|
756 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
757 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
758 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
759 | local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_heating_rate(k,j,i) |
---|
760 | ENDDO |
---|
761 | ENDDO |
---|
762 | ENDDO |
---|
763 | ELSE |
---|
764 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
765 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
766 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
767 | local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) |
---|
768 | ENDDO |
---|
769 | ENDDO |
---|
770 | ENDDO |
---|
771 | ENDIF |
---|
772 | |
---|
773 | CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' ) |
---|
774 | IF ( av == 0 ) THEN |
---|
775 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
776 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
777 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
778 | local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_latent_rate(k,j,i) |
---|
779 | ENDDO |
---|
780 | ENDDO |
---|
781 | ENDDO |
---|
782 | ELSE |
---|
783 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
784 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
785 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
786 | local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) |
---|
787 | ENDDO |
---|
788 | ENDDO |
---|
789 | ENDDO |
---|
790 | ENDIF |
---|
791 | |
---|
792 | CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' ) |
---|
793 | IF ( av == 0 ) THEN |
---|
794 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
795 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
796 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
797 | local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_transpiration_rate(k,j,i) |
---|
798 | ENDDO |
---|
799 | ENDDO |
---|
800 | ENDDO |
---|
801 | ELSE |
---|
802 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
803 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
804 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
805 | local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) |
---|
806 | ENDDO |
---|
807 | ENDDO |
---|
808 | ENDDO |
---|
809 | ENDIF |
---|
810 | |
---|
811 | CASE ( 'pcm_lad' ) |
---|
812 | IF ( av == 0 ) THEN |
---|
813 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
814 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
815 | DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do ) |
---|
816 | local_pf(i,j,k) = lad_s(k,j,i) |
---|
817 | ENDDO |
---|
818 | ENDDO |
---|
819 | ENDDO |
---|
820 | ENDIF |
---|
821 | |
---|
822 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
823 | found = .FALSE. |
---|
824 | |
---|
825 | END SELECT |
---|
826 | |
---|
827 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_data_output_3d |
---|
828 | |
---|
829 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
830 | ! |
---|
831 | ! Description: |
---|
832 | ! ------------ |
---|
833 | !> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables. |
---|
834 | !> It is called from subroutine netcdf. |
---|
835 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
836 | SUBROUTINE pcm_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z ) |
---|
837 | |
---|
838 | CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !< |
---|
839 | LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< |
---|
840 | CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !< |
---|
841 | CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !< |
---|
842 | CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !< |
---|
843 | |
---|
844 | found = .TRUE. |
---|
845 | |
---|
846 | ! |
---|
847 | !-- Check for the grid. zpc is zu(nzb:nzb+pch_index) |
---|
848 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) ) |
---|
849 | |
---|
850 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate', 'pcm_lad', 'pcm_transpirationrate', 'pcm_latentrate') |
---|
851 | grid_x = 'x' |
---|
852 | grid_y = 'y' |
---|
853 | grid_z = 'zpc' |
---|
854 | |
---|
855 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
856 | found = .FALSE. |
---|
857 | grid_x = 'none' |
---|
858 | grid_y = 'none' |
---|
859 | grid_z = 'none' |
---|
860 | END SELECT |
---|
861 | |
---|
862 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_define_netcdf_grid |
---|
863 | |
---|
864 | |
---|
865 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
866 | ! Description: |
---|
867 | ! ------------ |
---|
868 | !> Header output for plant canopy model |
---|
869 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
870 | SUBROUTINE pcm_header ( io ) |
---|
871 | |
---|
872 | CHARACTER (LEN=10) :: coor_chr !< |
---|
873 | |
---|
874 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: coordinates !< |
---|
875 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: gradients !< |
---|
876 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: leaf_area_density !< |
---|
877 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: slices !< |
---|
878 | |
---|
879 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< |
---|
880 | INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file |
---|
881 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< |
---|
882 | |
---|
883 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height (in m) |
---|
884 | |
---|
885 | canopy_height = zw(pch_index) |
---|
886 | |
---|
887 | WRITE ( io, 1 ) canopy_mode, canopy_height, pch_index, & |
---|
888 | canopy_drag_coeff |
---|
889 | IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN |
---|
890 | WRITE ( io, 2 ) leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, & |
---|
891 | leaf_surface_conc |
---|
892 | ENDIF |
---|
893 | |
---|
894 | ! |
---|
895 | ! Heat flux at the top of vegetation |
---|
896 | WRITE ( io, 3 ) cthf |
---|
897 | |
---|
898 | ! |
---|
899 | ! Leaf area density profile, calculated either from given vertical |
---|
900 | ! gradients or from beta probability density function. |
---|
901 | IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN |
---|
902 | |
---|
903 | ! Building output strings, starting with surface value |
---|
904 | WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface |
---|
905 | gradients = '------' |
---|
906 | slices = ' 0' |
---|
907 | coordinates = ' 0.0' |
---|
908 | DO i = 1, UBOUND(lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind, DIM=1) |
---|
909 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) /= -9999 ) THEN |
---|
910 | |
---|
911 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i)) |
---|
912 | leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
---|
913 | |
---|
914 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad_vertical_gradient(i) |
---|
915 | gradients = TRIM( gradients ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
---|
916 | |
---|
917 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(I7)') lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) |
---|
918 | slices = TRIM( slices ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
---|
919 | |
---|
920 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) |
---|
921 | coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
---|
922 | ELSE |
---|
923 | EXIT |
---|
924 | ENDIF |
---|
925 | ENDDO |
---|
926 | |
---|
927 | WRITE ( io, 4 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), & |
---|
928 | TRIM( gradients ), TRIM( slices ) |
---|
929 | |
---|
930 | ELSE |
---|
931 | |
---|
932 | WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface |
---|
933 | coordinates = ' 0.0' |
---|
934 | |
---|
935 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
---|
936 | |
---|
937 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(k) |
---|
938 | leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // & |
---|
939 | TRIM( coor_chr ) |
---|
940 | |
---|
941 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') zu(k) |
---|
942 | coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
---|
943 | |
---|
944 | ENDDO |
---|
945 | |
---|
946 | WRITE ( io, 5 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), & |
---|
947 | alpha_lad, beta_lad, lai_beta |
---|
948 | |
---|
949 | ENDIF |
---|
950 | |
---|
951 | 1 FORMAT (//' Vegetation canopy (drag) model:'/ & |
---|
952 | ' ------------------------------'// & |
---|
953 | ' Canopy mode: ', A / & |
---|
954 | ' Canopy height: ',F6.2,'m (',I4,' grid points)' / & |
---|
955 | ' Leaf drag coefficient: ',F6.2 /) |
---|
956 | 2 FORMAT (/ ' Scalar exchange coefficient: ',F6.2 / & |
---|
957 | ' Scalar concentration at leaf surfaces in kg/m**3: ',F6.2 /) |
---|
958 | 3 FORMAT (' Predefined constant heatflux at the top of the vegetation: ', & |
---|
959 | F6.2, ' K m/s') |
---|
960 | 4 FORMAT (/ ' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density:'// & |
---|
961 | ' Height: ',A,' m'/ & |
---|
962 | ' Leaf area density: ',A,' m**2/m**3'/ & |
---|
963 | ' Gradient: ',A,' m**2/m**4'/ & |
---|
964 | ' Gridpoint: ',A) |
---|
965 | 5 FORMAT (//' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density and coefficients:'& |
---|
966 | // ' Height: ',A,' m'/ & |
---|
967 | ' Leaf area density: ',A,' m**2/m**3'/ & |
---|
968 | ' Coefficient alpha: ',F6.2 / & |
---|
969 | ' Coefficient beta: ',F6.2 / & |
---|
970 | ' Leaf area index: ',F6.2,' m**2/m**2' /) |
---|
971 | |
---|
972 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_header |
---|
973 | |
---|
974 | |
---|
975 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
976 | ! Description: |
---|
977 | ! ------------ |
---|
978 | !> Initialization of the plant canopy model |
---|
979 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
980 | SUBROUTINE pcm_init |
---|
981 | |
---|
982 | USE exchange_horiz_mod, & |
---|
983 | ONLY: exchange_horiz |
---|
984 | |
---|
985 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
986 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
987 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
988 | INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index |
---|
989 | |
---|
990 | LOGICAL :: lad_on_top = .FALSE. !< dummy flag to indicate that LAD is defined on a building roof |
---|
991 | |
---|
992 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height for lad-profile construction |
---|
993 | REAL(wp) :: gradient !< gradient for lad-profile construction |
---|
994 | REAL(wp) :: int_bpdf !< vertical integral for lad-profile construction |
---|
995 | REAL(wp) :: lad_max !< maximum LAD value in the model domain, used to perform a check |
---|
996 | |
---|
997 | IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'pcm_init', 'start' ) |
---|
998 | ! |
---|
999 | !-- Allocate one-dimensional arrays for the computation of the |
---|
1000 | !-- leaf area density (lad) profile |
---|
1001 | ALLOCATE( lad(0:nz+1), pre_lad(0:nz+1) ) |
---|
1002 | lad = 0.0_wp |
---|
1003 | pre_lad = 0.0_wp |
---|
1004 | |
---|
1005 | ! |
---|
1006 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the lad-profile shall be calculated by using |
---|
1007 | !-- a beta probability density function |
---|
1008 | IF ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
1009 | calc_beta_lad_profile = .TRUE. |
---|
1010 | ENDIF |
---|
1011 | |
---|
1012 | |
---|
1013 | ! |
---|
1014 | !-- Compute the profile of leaf area density used in the plant |
---|
1015 | !-- canopy model. The profile can either be constructed from |
---|
1016 | !-- prescribed vertical gradients of the leaf area density or by |
---|
1017 | !-- using a beta probability density function (see e.g. Markkanen et al., |
---|
1018 | !-- 2003: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 106, 437-459) |
---|
1019 | IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN |
---|
1020 | |
---|
1021 | ! |
---|
1022 | !-- Use vertical gradients for lad-profile construction |
---|
1023 | i = 1 |
---|
1024 | gradient = 0.0_wp |
---|
1025 | |
---|
1026 | lad(0) = lad_surface |
---|
1027 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(1) = 0 |
---|
1028 | |
---|
1029 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
---|
1030 | IF ( i < 11 ) THEN |
---|
1031 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) < zu(k) .AND. & |
---|
1032 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1033 | gradient = lad_vertical_gradient(i) |
---|
1034 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) = k - 1 |
---|
1035 | i = i + 1 |
---|
1036 | ENDIF |
---|
1037 | ENDIF |
---|
1038 | IF ( gradient /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1039 | IF ( k /= 1 ) THEN |
---|
1040 | lad(k) = lad(k-1) + dzu(k) * gradient |
---|
1041 | ELSE |
---|
1042 | lad(k) = lad_surface + dzu(k) * gradient |
---|
1043 | ENDIF |
---|
1044 | ELSE |
---|
1045 | lad(k) = lad(k-1) |
---|
1046 | ENDIF |
---|
1047 | ENDDO |
---|
1048 | |
---|
1049 | ! |
---|
1050 | !-- In case of no given leaf area density gradients, choose a vanishing |
---|
1051 | !-- gradient. This information is used for the HEADER and the RUN_CONTROL |
---|
1052 | !-- file. |
---|
1053 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) == -9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
---|
1054 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1055 | ENDIF |
---|
1056 | |
---|
1057 | ELSE |
---|
1058 | |
---|
1059 | ! |
---|
1060 | !-- Use beta function for lad-profile construction |
---|
1061 | int_bpdf = 0.0_wp |
---|
1062 | canopy_height = zw(pch_index) |
---|
1063 | |
---|
1064 | DO k = 0, pch_index |
---|
1065 | int_bpdf = int_bpdf + & |
---|
1066 | ( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) * & |
---|
1067 | ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( & |
---|
1068 | beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) & |
---|
1069 | * ( ( zw(k+1)-zw(k) ) / canopy_height ) ) |
---|
1070 | ENDDO |
---|
1071 | |
---|
1072 | ! |
---|
1073 | !-- Preliminary lad profile (defined on w-grid) |
---|
1074 | DO k = 0, pch_index |
---|
1075 | pre_lad(k) = lai_beta * & |
---|
1076 | ( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) & |
---|
1077 | * ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( & |
---|
1078 | beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) / int_bpdf & |
---|
1079 | ) / canopy_height |
---|
1080 | ENDDO |
---|
1081 | |
---|
1082 | ! |
---|
1083 | !-- Final lad profile (defined on scalar-grid level, since most prognostic |
---|
1084 | !-- quantities are defined there, hence, less interpolation is required |
---|
1085 | !-- when calculating the canopy tendencies) |
---|
1086 | lad(0) = pre_lad(0) |
---|
1087 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
---|
1088 | lad(k) = 0.5 * ( pre_lad(k-1) + pre_lad(k) ) |
---|
1089 | ENDDO |
---|
1090 | |
---|
1091 | ENDIF |
---|
1092 | |
---|
1093 | ! |
---|
1094 | !-- Allocate 3D-array for the leaf area density (lad_s). |
---|
1095 | ALLOCATE( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1096 | |
---|
1097 | ! |
---|
1098 | !-- Initialization of the canopy coverage in the model domain: |
---|
1099 | !-- Setting the parameter canopy_mode = 'homogeneous' initializes a canopy, which |
---|
1100 | !-- fully covers the domain surface |
---|
1101 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) ) |
---|
1102 | |
---|
1103 | CASE( 'homogeneous' ) |
---|
1104 | |
---|
1105 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
1106 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
1107 | lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:) |
---|
1108 | ENDDO |
---|
1109 | ENDDO |
---|
1110 | |
---|
1111 | CASE ( 'read_from_file' ) |
---|
1112 | ! |
---|
1113 | !-- Read plant canopy |
---|
1114 | IF ( input_pids_static ) THEN |
---|
1115 | ! |
---|
1116 | !-- Open the static input file |
---|
1117 | #if defined( __netcdf ) |
---|
1118 | CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_static ) // & |
---|
1119 | TRIM( coupling_char ), & |
---|
1120 | pids_id ) |
---|
1121 | |
---|
1122 | CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids ) |
---|
1123 | ! |
---|
1124 | !-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them |
---|
1125 | ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) ) |
---|
1126 | CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids ) |
---|
1127 | ! |
---|
1128 | !-- Read leaf area density - resolved vegetation |
---|
1129 | IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'lad' ) ) THEN |
---|
1130 | leaf_area_density_f%from_file = .TRUE. |
---|
1131 | CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, & |
---|
1132 | leaf_area_density_f%fill, & |
---|
1133 | .FALSE., 'lad' ) |
---|
1134 | ! |
---|
1135 | !-- Inquire number of vertical vegetation layer |
---|
1136 | CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, & |
---|
1137 | leaf_area_density_f%nz, & |
---|
1138 | 'zlad' ) |
---|
1139 | ! |
---|
1140 | !-- Allocate variable for leaf-area density |
---|
1141 | ALLOCATE( leaf_area_density_f%var & |
---|
1142 | (0:leaf_area_density_f%nz-1, & |
---|
1143 | nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) ) |
---|
1144 | |
---|
1145 | CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'lad', leaf_area_density_f%var, & |
---|
1146 | nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, & |
---|
1147 | 0, leaf_area_density_f%nz-1 ) |
---|
1148 | |
---|
1149 | ELSE |
---|
1150 | leaf_area_density_f%from_file = .FALSE. |
---|
1151 | ENDIF |
---|
1152 | ! |
---|
1153 | !-- Read basal area density - resolved vegetation |
---|
1154 | IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'bad' ) ) THEN |
---|
1155 | basal_area_density_f%from_file = .TRUE. |
---|
1156 | CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, & |
---|
1157 | basal_area_density_f%fill, & |
---|
1158 | .FALSE., 'bad' ) |
---|
1159 | ! |
---|
1160 | !-- Inquire number of vertical vegetation layer |
---|
1161 | CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, & |
---|
1162 | basal_area_density_f%nz, & |
---|
1163 | 'zlad' ) |
---|
1164 | ! |
---|
1165 | !-- Allocate variable |
---|
1166 | ALLOCATE( basal_area_density_f%var & |
---|
1167 | (0:basal_area_density_f%nz-1, & |
---|
1168 | nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) ) |
---|
1169 | |
---|
1170 | CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'bad', basal_area_density_f%var,& |
---|
1171 | nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, & |
---|
1172 | 0, basal_area_density_f%nz-1 ) |
---|
1173 | ELSE |
---|
1174 | basal_area_density_f%from_file = .FALSE. |
---|
1175 | ENDIF |
---|
1176 | ! |
---|
1177 | !-- Read root area density - resolved vegetation |
---|
1178 | IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'root_area_dens_r' ) ) THEN |
---|
1179 | root_area_density_lad_f%from_file = .TRUE. |
---|
1180 | CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, & |
---|
1181 | root_area_density_lad_f%fill, & |
---|
1182 | .FALSE., 'root_area_dens_r' ) |
---|
1183 | ! |
---|
1184 | !-- Inquire number of vertical soil layers |
---|
1185 | CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, & |
---|
1186 | root_area_density_lad_f%nz, & |
---|
1187 | 'zsoil' ) |
---|
1188 | ! |
---|
1189 | !-- Allocate variable |
---|
1190 | ALLOCATE( root_area_density_lad_f%var & |
---|
1191 | (0:root_area_density_lad_f%nz-1,& |
---|
1192 | nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) ) |
---|
1193 | |
---|
1194 | CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'root_area_dens_r', & |
---|
1195 | root_area_density_lad_f%var, & |
---|
1196 | nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, & |
---|
1197 | 0, root_area_density_lad_f%nz-1 ) |
---|
1198 | ELSE |
---|
1199 | root_area_density_lad_f%from_file = .FALSE. |
---|
1200 | ENDIF |
---|
1201 | |
---|
1202 | DEALLOCATE( vars_pids ) |
---|
1203 | ! |
---|
1204 | !-- Finally, close the input file and deallocate temporary array |
---|
1205 | CALL close_input_file( pids_id ) |
---|
1206 | #endif |
---|
1207 | ENDIF |
---|
1208 | |
---|
1209 | ! |
---|
1210 | !-- Initialize LAD with data from file. If LAD is given in NetCDF file, |
---|
1211 | !-- use these values, else take LAD profiles from ASCII file. |
---|
1212 | !-- Please note, in NetCDF file LAD is only given up to the maximum |
---|
1213 | !-- canopy top, indicated by leaf_area_density_f%nz. |
---|
1214 | lad_s = 0.0_wp |
---|
1215 | IF ( leaf_area_density_f%from_file ) THEN |
---|
1216 | ! |
---|
1217 | !-- Set also pch_index, used to be the upper bound of the vertical |
---|
1218 | !-- loops. Therefore, use the global top of the canopy layer. |
---|
1219 | pch_index = leaf_area_density_f%nz - 1 |
---|
1220 | |
---|
1221 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1222 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1223 | DO k = 0, leaf_area_density_f%nz - 1 |
---|
1224 | IF ( leaf_area_density_f%var(k,j,i) /= & |
---|
1225 | leaf_area_density_f%fill ) & |
---|
1226 | lad_s(k,j,i) = leaf_area_density_f%var(k,j,i) |
---|
1227 | ENDDO |
---|
1228 | ! |
---|
1229 | !-- Check if resolved vegetation is mapped onto buildings. |
---|
1230 | !-- In general, this is allowed and also meaningful, e.g. |
---|
1231 | !-- when trees carry across roofs. However, due to the |
---|
1232 | !-- topography filtering, new building grid points can emerge |
---|
1233 | !-- at location where also plant canopy is defined. As a |
---|
1234 | !-- result, plant canopy is mapped on top of roofs, with |
---|
1235 | !-- siginficant impact on the downstream flow field and the |
---|
1236 | !-- nearby surface radiation. In order to avoid that |
---|
1237 | !-- plant canopy is mistakenly mapped onto building roofs, |
---|
1238 | !-- check for building grid points (bit 6) that emerge from |
---|
1239 | !-- the filtering (bit 4) and set LAD to zero at these |
---|
1240 | !-- artificially created building grid points. This case, |
---|
1241 | !-- an informative message is given. |
---|
1242 | IF ( ANY( lad_s(:,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) .AND. & |
---|
1243 | ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) .AND. & |
---|
1244 | ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 4 ) ) ) THEN |
---|
1245 | lad_s(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1246 | lad_on_top = .TRUE. |
---|
1247 | ENDIF |
---|
1248 | ENDDO |
---|
1249 | ENDDO |
---|
1250 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
---|
1251 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, lad_on_top, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, & |
---|
1252 | MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr) |
---|
1253 | #endif |
---|
1254 | IF ( lad_on_top ) THEN |
---|
1255 | WRITE( message_string, * ) & |
---|
1256 | 'Resolved plant-canopy is ' // & |
---|
1257 | 'defined on top of an artificially '// & |
---|
1258 | 'created building grid point(s) ' // & |
---|
1259 | '(emerged from the filtering) - ' // & |
---|
1260 | 'LAD profile is omitted at this / ' // & |
---|
1261 | 'these grid point(s).' |
---|
1262 | CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0313', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1263 | ENDIF |
---|
1264 | CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp ) |
---|
1265 | ! |
---|
1266 | ! ASCII file |
---|
1267 | !-- Initialize canopy parameters canopy_drag_coeff, |
---|
1268 | !-- leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, leaf_surface_conc |
---|
1269 | !-- from file which contains complete 3D data (separate vertical profiles for |
---|
1270 | !-- each location). |
---|
1271 | ELSE |
---|
1272 | CALL pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
---|
1273 | ENDIF |
---|
1274 | |
---|
1275 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
1276 | ! |
---|
1277 | !-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter |
---|
1278 | !-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the |
---|
1279 | !-- user has coded a special case in the user interface. |
---|
1280 | !-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks |
---|
1281 | !-- which of these two conditions applies. |
---|
1282 | CALL user_init_plant_canopy |
---|
1283 | |
---|
1284 | END SELECT |
---|
1285 | ! |
---|
1286 | !-- Check that at least one grid point has an LAD /= 0, else this may |
---|
1287 | !-- cause errors in the radiation model. |
---|
1288 | lad_max = MAXVAL( lad_s ) |
---|
1289 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
---|
1290 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, lad_max, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_MAX, & |
---|
1291 | comm2d, ierr) |
---|
1292 | #endif |
---|
1293 | IF ( lad_max <= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1294 | message_string = 'Plant-canopy model is switched-on but no ' // & |
---|
1295 | 'plant canopy is present in the model domain.' |
---|
1296 | CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0685', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1297 | ENDIF |
---|
1298 | |
---|
1299 | ! |
---|
1300 | !-- Initialize 2D index array indicating canopy top index. |
---|
1301 | ALLOCATE( pch_index_ji(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1302 | pch_index_ji = 0 |
---|
1303 | |
---|
1304 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
1305 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
1306 | DO k = 0, pch_index |
---|
1307 | IF ( lad_s(k,j,i) /= 0 ) pch_index_ji(j,i) = k |
---|
1308 | ENDDO |
---|
1309 | ! |
---|
1310 | !-- Check whether topography and local vegetation on top exceed |
---|
1311 | !-- height of the model domain. |
---|
1312 | IF ( topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) >= nzt + 1 ) THEN |
---|
1313 | message_string = 'Local vegetation height on top of ' // & |
---|
1314 | 'topography exceeds height of model domain.' |
---|
1315 | CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0674', 2, 2, myid, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1316 | ENDIF |
---|
1317 | |
---|
1318 | ENDDO |
---|
1319 | ENDDO |
---|
1320 | ! |
---|
1321 | !-- Calculate global pch_index value (index of top of plant canopy from ground) |
---|
1322 | pch_index = MAXVAL( pch_index_ji ) |
---|
1323 | ! |
---|
1324 | !-- Exchange pch_index from all processors |
---|
1325 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
---|
1326 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, pch_index, 1, MPI_INTEGER, & |
---|
1327 | MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr) |
---|
1328 | #endif |
---|
1329 | ! |
---|
1330 | !-- Allocation of arrays pcm_heating_rate, pcm_transpiration_rate and pcm_latent_rate |
---|
1331 | ALLOCATE( pcm_heating_rate(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1332 | pcm_heating_rate = 0.0_wp |
---|
1333 | |
---|
1334 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
1335 | ALLOCATE( pcm_transpiration_rate(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1336 | pcm_transpiration_rate = 0.0_wp |
---|
1337 | ALLOCATE( pcm_latent_rate(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1338 | pcm_latent_rate = 0.0_wp |
---|
1339 | ENDIF |
---|
1340 | ! |
---|
1341 | !-- Initialization of the canopy heat source distribution due to heating |
---|
1342 | !-- of the canopy layers by incoming solar radiation, in case that a non-zero |
---|
1343 | !-- value is set for the canopy top heat flux (cthf), which equals the |
---|
1344 | !-- available net radiation at canopy top. |
---|
1345 | !-- The heat source distribution is calculated by a decaying exponential |
---|
1346 | !-- function of the downward cumulative leaf area index (cum_lai_hf), |
---|
1347 | !-- assuming that the foliage inside the plant canopy is heated by solar |
---|
1348 | !-- radiation penetrating the canopy layers according to the distribution |
---|
1349 | !-- of net radiation as suggested by Brown & Covey (1966; Agric. Meteorol. 3, |
---|
1350 | !-- 73â96). This approach has been applied e.g. by Shaw & Schumann (1992; |
---|
1351 | !-- Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 61, 47â64). |
---|
1352 | !-- When using the radiation_interactions, canopy heating (pcm_heating_rate) |
---|
1353 | !-- and plant canopy transpiration (pcm_transpiration_rate, pcm_latent_rate) |
---|
1354 | !-- are calculated in the RTM after the calculation of radiation. |
---|
1355 | IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1356 | |
---|
1357 | ALLOCATE( cum_lai_hf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1358 | ! |
---|
1359 | !-- Piecewise calculation of the cumulative leaf area index by vertical |
---|
1360 | !-- integration of the leaf area density |
---|
1361 | cum_lai_hf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1362 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
1363 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
1364 | DO k = pch_index_ji(j,i)-1, 0, -1 |
---|
1365 | IF ( k == pch_index_ji(j,i)-1 ) THEN |
---|
1366 | cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1367 | ( 0.5_wp * lad_s(k+1,j,i) * & |
---|
1368 | ( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + & |
---|
1369 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1370 | lad_s(k,j,i) ) + & |
---|
1371 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
---|
1372 | ( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) ) |
---|
1373 | ELSE |
---|
1374 | cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1375 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+2,j,i) + & |
---|
1376 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) + & |
---|
1377 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
---|
1378 | ( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + & |
---|
1379 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1380 | lad_s(k,j,i) ) + & |
---|
1381 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
---|
1382 | ( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) ) |
---|
1383 | ENDIF |
---|
1384 | ENDDO |
---|
1385 | ENDDO |
---|
1386 | ENDDO |
---|
1387 | |
---|
1388 | ! |
---|
1389 | !-- In areas with canopy the surface value of the canopy heat |
---|
1390 | !-- flux distribution overrides the surface heat flux (shf) |
---|
1391 | !-- Start with default surface type |
---|
1392 | DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns |
---|
1393 | i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m) |
---|
1394 | j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m) |
---|
1395 | IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) & |
---|
1396 | surf_def_h(0)%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) ) |
---|
1397 | ENDDO |
---|
1398 | ! |
---|
1399 | !-- Natural surfaces |
---|
1400 | DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns |
---|
1401 | i = surf_lsm_h%i(m) |
---|
1402 | j = surf_lsm_h%j(m) |
---|
1403 | IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) & |
---|
1404 | surf_lsm_h%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) ) |
---|
1405 | ENDDO |
---|
1406 | ! |
---|
1407 | !-- Urban surfaces |
---|
1408 | DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns |
---|
1409 | i = surf_usm_h%i(m) |
---|
1410 | j = surf_usm_h%j(m) |
---|
1411 | IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) & |
---|
1412 | surf_usm_h%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) ) |
---|
1413 | ENDDO |
---|
1414 | ! |
---|
1415 | ! |
---|
1416 | !-- Calculation of the heating rate (K/s) within the different layers of |
---|
1417 | !-- the plant canopy. Calculation is only necessary in areas covered with |
---|
1418 | !-- canopy. |
---|
1419 | !-- Within the different canopy layers the plant-canopy heating |
---|
1420 | !-- rate (pcm_heating_rate) is calculated as the vertical |
---|
1421 | !-- divergence of the canopy heat fluxes at the top and bottom |
---|
1422 | !-- of the respective layer |
---|
1423 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
1424 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
1425 | DO k = 1, pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
1426 | IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1427 | pcm_heating_rate(k,j,i) = cthf * & |
---|
1428 | ( exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k,j,i)) - & |
---|
1429 | exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k-1,j,i) ) ) / dzw(k) |
---|
1430 | ENDIF |
---|
1431 | ENDDO |
---|
1432 | ENDDO |
---|
1433 | ENDDO |
---|
1434 | |
---|
1435 | ENDIF |
---|
1436 | |
---|
1437 | IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'pcm_init', 'end' ) |
---|
1438 | |
---|
1439 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_init |
---|
1440 | |
---|
1441 | |
---|
1442 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1443 | ! Description: |
---|
1444 | ! ------------ |
---|
1445 | !> Parin for &plant_canopy_parameters for plant canopy model |
---|
1446 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1447 | SUBROUTINE pcm_parin |
---|
1448 | |
---|
1449 | CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file |
---|
1450 | |
---|
1451 | NAMELIST /plant_canopy_parameters/ & |
---|
1452 | alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, & |
---|
1453 | canopy_mode, cthf, & |
---|
1454 | lad_surface, lad_type_coef, & |
---|
1455 | lad_vertical_gradient, & |
---|
1456 | lad_vertical_gradient_level, & |
---|
1457 | lai_beta, & |
---|
1458 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, & |
---|
1459 | leaf_surface_conc, pch_index, & |
---|
1460 | plant_canopy_transpiration |
---|
1461 | |
---|
1462 | NAMELIST /canopy_par/ alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, & |
---|
1463 | canopy_mode, cthf, & |
---|
1464 | lad_surface, lad_type_coef, & |
---|
1465 | lad_vertical_gradient, & |
---|
1466 | lad_vertical_gradient_level, & |
---|
1467 | lai_beta, & |
---|
1468 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, & |
---|
1469 | leaf_surface_conc, pch_index, & |
---|
1470 | plant_canopy_transpiration |
---|
1471 | |
---|
1472 | line = ' ' |
---|
1473 | |
---|
1474 | ! |
---|
1475 | !-- Try to find plant-canopy model package |
---|
1476 | REWIND ( 11 ) |
---|
1477 | line = ' ' |
---|
1478 | DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&plant_canopy_parameters' ) == 0 ) |
---|
1479 | READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line |
---|
1480 | ENDDO |
---|
1481 | BACKSPACE ( 11 ) |
---|
1482 | |
---|
1483 | ! |
---|
1484 | !-- Read user-defined namelist |
---|
1485 | READ ( 11, plant_canopy_parameters, ERR = 10 ) |
---|
1486 | |
---|
1487 | ! |
---|
1488 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the plant-canopy model is switched on |
---|
1489 | plant_canopy = .TRUE. |
---|
1490 | |
---|
1491 | GOTO 14 |
---|
1492 | |
---|
1493 | 10 BACKSPACE( 11 ) |
---|
1494 | READ( 11 , '(A)') line |
---|
1495 | CALL parin_fail_message( 'plant_canopy_parameters', line ) |
---|
1496 | ! |
---|
1497 | !-- Try to find old namelist |
---|
1498 | 12 REWIND ( 11 ) |
---|
1499 | line = ' ' |
---|
1500 | DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&canopy_par' ) == 0 ) |
---|
1501 | READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line |
---|
1502 | ENDDO |
---|
1503 | BACKSPACE ( 11 ) |
---|
1504 | |
---|
1505 | ! |
---|
1506 | !-- Read user-defined namelist |
---|
1507 | READ ( 11, canopy_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 ) |
---|
1508 | |
---|
1509 | message_string = 'namelist canopy_par is deprecated and will be ' // & |
---|
1510 | 'removed in near future. Please use namelist ' // & |
---|
1511 | 'plant_canopy_parameters instead' |
---|
1512 | CALL message( 'pcm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1513 | |
---|
1514 | ! |
---|
1515 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the plant-canopy model is switched on |
---|
1516 | plant_canopy = .TRUE. |
---|
1517 | |
---|
1518 | GOTO 14 |
---|
1519 | |
---|
1520 | 13 BACKSPACE( 11 ) |
---|
1521 | READ( 11 , '(A)') line |
---|
1522 | CALL parin_fail_message( 'canopy_par', line ) |
---|
1523 | |
---|
1524 | 14 CONTINUE |
---|
1525 | |
---|
1526 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_parin |
---|
1527 | |
---|
1528 | |
---|
1529 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1530 | ! Description: |
---|
1531 | ! ------------ |
---|
1532 | ! |
---|
1533 | !> Loads 3D plant canopy data from file. File format is as follows: |
---|
1534 | !> |
---|
1535 | !> num_levels |
---|
1536 | !> dtype,x,y,pctype,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1) |
---|
1537 | !> dtype,x,y,pctype,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1) |
---|
1538 | !> dtype,x,y,pctype,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1) |
---|
1539 | !> ... |
---|
1540 | !> |
---|
1541 | !> i.e. first line determines number of levels and further lines represent plant |
---|
1542 | !> canopy data, one line per column and variable. In each data line, |
---|
1543 | !> dtype represents variable to be set: |
---|
1544 | !> |
---|
1545 | !> dtype=1: leaf area density (lad_s) |
---|
1546 | !> dtype=2....n: some additional plant canopy input data quantity |
---|
1547 | !> |
---|
1548 | !> Zeros are added automatically above num_levels until top of domain. Any |
---|
1549 | !> non-specified (x,y) columns have zero values as default. |
---|
1550 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1551 | SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
---|
1552 | |
---|
1553 | USE exchange_horiz_mod, & |
---|
1554 | ONLY: exchange_horiz |
---|
1555 | |
---|
1556 | INTEGER(iwp) :: dtype !< type of input data (1=lad) |
---|
1557 | INTEGER(iwp) :: pctype !< type of plant canopy (deciduous,non-deciduous,...) |
---|
1558 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j !< running index |
---|
1559 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nzp !< number of vertical layers of plant canopy |
---|
1560 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nzpltop !< |
---|
1561 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nzpl !< |
---|
1562 | INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< |
---|
1563 | |
---|
1564 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: col !< vertical column of input data |
---|
1565 | |
---|
1566 | ! |
---|
1567 | !-- Initialize lad_s array |
---|
1568 | lad_s = 0.0_wp |
---|
1569 | |
---|
1570 | ! |
---|
1571 | !-- Open and read plant canopy input data |
---|
1572 | OPEN(152, FILE='PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' // TRIM( coupling_char ), & |
---|
1573 | ACCESS='SEQUENTIAL', ACTION='READ', STATUS='OLD', & |
---|
1574 | FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=515) |
---|
1575 | READ(152, *, ERR=516, END=517) nzp !< read first line = number of vertical layers |
---|
1576 | nzpltop = MIN(nzt+1, nzb+nzp-1) |
---|
1577 | nzpl = nzpltop - nzb + 1 !< no. of layers to assign |
---|
1578 | ALLOCATE( col(0:nzp-1) ) |
---|
1579 | |
---|
1580 | DO |
---|
1581 | READ(152, *, ERR=516, END=517) dtype, i, j, pctype, col(:) |
---|
1582 | IF ( i < nxlg .OR. i > nxrg .OR. j < nysg .OR. j > nyng ) CYCLE |
---|
1583 | |
---|
1584 | SELECT CASE (dtype) |
---|
1585 | CASE( 1 ) !< leaf area density |
---|
1586 | ! |
---|
1587 | !-- This is just the pure canopy layer assumed to be grounded to |
---|
1588 | !-- a flat domain surface. At locations where plant canopy sits |
---|
1589 | !-- on top of any kind of topography, the vertical plant column |
---|
1590 | !-- must be "lifted", which is done in SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency. |
---|
1591 | IF ( pctype < 0 .OR. pctype > 10 ) THEN !< incorrect plant canopy type |
---|
1592 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Incorrect type of plant canopy. ' // & |
---|
1593 | 'Allowed values 0 <= pctype <= 10, ' // & |
---|
1594 | 'but pctype is ', pctype |
---|
1595 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0349', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1596 | ENDIF |
---|
1597 | kk = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) |
---|
1598 | lad_s(nzb:nzpltop-kk, j, i) = col(kk:nzpl-1)*lad_type_coef(pctype) |
---|
1599 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
1600 | WRITE(message_string, '(a,i2,a)') & |
---|
1601 | 'Unknown record type in file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D: "', dtype, '"' |
---|
1602 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0530', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1603 | END SELECT |
---|
1604 | ENDDO |
---|
1605 | |
---|
1606 | 515 message_string = 'error opening file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' |
---|
1607 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0531', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1608 | |
---|
1609 | 516 message_string = 'error reading file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' |
---|
1610 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0532', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1611 | |
---|
1612 | 517 CLOSE(152) |
---|
1613 | DEALLOCATE( col ) |
---|
1614 | |
---|
1615 | CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp ) |
---|
1616 | |
---|
1617 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
---|
1618 | |
---|
1619 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1620 | ! Description: |
---|
1621 | ! ------------ |
---|
1622 | !> Subroutine reads local (subdomain) restart data |
---|
1623 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1624 | SUBROUTINE pcm_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, & |
---|
1625 | nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, nyn_on_file, nysf, & |
---|
1626 | nysc, nys_on_file, found ) |
---|
1627 | |
---|
1628 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< |
---|
1629 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !< |
---|
1630 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !< |
---|
1631 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !< |
---|
1632 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !< |
---|
1633 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !< |
---|
1634 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !< |
---|
1635 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !< |
---|
1636 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !< |
---|
1637 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !< |
---|
1638 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !< |
---|
1639 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !< |
---|
1640 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !< |
---|
1641 | |
---|
1642 | LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found |
---|
1643 | |
---|
1644 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:pch_index, & |
---|
1645 | nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp, & |
---|
1646 | nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d2 !< temporary 3D array for entire vertical |
---|
1647 | !< extension of canopy layer |
---|
1648 | found = .TRUE. |
---|
1649 | |
---|
1650 | SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) ) |
---|
1651 | |
---|
1652 | CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate_av' ) |
---|
1653 | IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
1654 | ALLOCATE( pcm_heatrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1655 | pcm_heatrate_av = 0.0_wp |
---|
1656 | ENDIF |
---|
1657 | IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d2 |
---|
1658 | pcm_heatrate_av(0:pch_index,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = & |
---|
1659 | tmp_3d2(0:pch_index,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp) |
---|
1660 | |
---|
1661 | CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate_av' ) |
---|
1662 | IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
1663 | ALLOCATE( pcm_latentrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1664 | pcm_latentrate_av = 0.0_wp |
---|
1665 | ENDIF |
---|
1666 | IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d2 |
---|
1667 | pcm_latentrate_av(0:pch_index,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = & |
---|
1668 | tmp_3d2(0:pch_index,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp) |
---|
1669 | |
---|
1670 | CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate_av' ) |
---|
1671 | IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
1672 | ALLOCATE( pcm_transpirationrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
1673 | pcm_transpirationrate_av = 0.0_wp |
---|
1674 | ENDIF |
---|
1675 | IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d2 |
---|
1676 | pcm_transpirationrate_av(0:pch_index,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = & |
---|
1677 | tmp_3d2(0:pch_index,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp) |
---|
1678 | |
---|
1679 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
1680 | |
---|
1681 | found = .FALSE. |
---|
1682 | |
---|
1683 | END SELECT |
---|
1684 | |
---|
1685 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_rrd_local |
---|
1686 | |
---|
1687 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1688 | ! Description: |
---|
1689 | ! ------------ |
---|
1690 | !> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant |
---|
1691 | !> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities. |
---|
1692 | !> |
---|
1693 | !> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 |
---|
1694 | !> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init. |
---|
1695 | !> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding |
---|
1696 | !> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at |
---|
1697 | !> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero. |
---|
1698 | !> |
---|
1699 | !> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of |
---|
1700 | !> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
---|
1701 | !> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy |
---|
1702 | !> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This |
---|
1703 | !> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities. |
---|
1704 | !> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different |
---|
1705 | !> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that |
---|
1706 | !> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag. |
---|
1707 | !> |
---|
1708 | !> |
---|
1709 | !> Call for all grid points |
---|
1710 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1711 | SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency( component ) |
---|
1712 | |
---|
1713 | INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e) |
---|
1714 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
1715 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
1716 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
1717 | INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays |
---|
1718 | |
---|
1719 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_e !< control flag indicating an eastward-facing building edge |
---|
1720 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_n !< control flag indicating a north-facing building edge |
---|
1721 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_s !< control flag indicating a south-facing building edge |
---|
1722 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_w !< control flag indicating a westward-facing building edge |
---|
1723 | |
---|
1724 | REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d) |
---|
1725 | REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value |
---|
1726 | REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency |
---|
1727 | REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value |
---|
1728 | REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value |
---|
1729 | REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value |
---|
1730 | |
---|
1731 | |
---|
1732 | ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d |
---|
1733 | |
---|
1734 | ! |
---|
1735 | !-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE: |
---|
1736 | SELECT CASE ( component ) |
---|
1737 | |
---|
1738 | ! |
---|
1739 | !-- u-component |
---|
1740 | CASE ( 1 ) |
---|
1741 | DO i = nxlu, nxr |
---|
1742 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1743 | ! |
---|
1744 | !-- Set control flags indicating east- and westward-orientated |
---|
1745 | !-- building edges. Note, building_egde_w is set from the perspective |
---|
1746 | !-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_e is |
---|
1747 | !-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point. |
---|
1748 | building_edge_w = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )& |
---|
1749 | .AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) ) |
---|
1750 | building_edge_e = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) )& |
---|
1751 | .AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) |
---|
1752 | ! |
---|
1753 | !-- Determine topography-top index on u-grid |
---|
1754 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,1)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,1) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
1755 | |
---|
1756 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,1) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1757 | ! |
---|
1758 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
1759 | !-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
1760 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
1761 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
1762 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
1763 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy |
---|
1764 | !-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered |
---|
1765 | !-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges |
---|
1766 | !-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid |
---|
1767 | !-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped |
---|
1768 | !-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined. |
---|
1769 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
1770 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp & |
---|
1771 | .AND. .NOT. building_edge_w ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1) |
---|
1772 | ! |
---|
1773 | !-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right- |
---|
1774 | !-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the |
---|
1775 | !-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the |
---|
1776 | !-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid |
---|
1777 | !-- point (j,i-1). |
---|
1778 | IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) == 0.0_wp & |
---|
1779 | .AND. building_edge_e ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1) |
---|
1780 | |
---|
1781 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
1782 | pre_u = 0.0_wp |
---|
1783 | ! |
---|
1784 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
1785 | pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
1786 | lad_local * & |
---|
1787 | SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
1788 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
1789 | v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1790 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
1791 | v(k,j+1,i-1) ) & |
---|
1792 | )**2 + & |
---|
1793 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + & |
---|
1794 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1795 | w(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
1796 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1797 | )**2 & |
---|
1798 | ) * & |
---|
1799 | u(k,j,i) |
---|
1800 | |
---|
1801 | ! |
---|
1802 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
1803 | pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
1804 | ! |
---|
1805 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
1806 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
1807 | IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN |
---|
1808 | pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
1809 | ENDIF |
---|
1810 | ! |
---|
1811 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
1812 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
1813 | |
---|
1814 | ENDDO |
---|
1815 | ENDDO |
---|
1816 | ENDDO |
---|
1817 | |
---|
1818 | ! |
---|
1819 | !-- v-component |
---|
1820 | CASE ( 2 ) |
---|
1821 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1822 | DO j = nysv, nyn |
---|
1823 | ! |
---|
1824 | !-- Set control flags indicating north- and southward-orientated |
---|
1825 | !-- building edges. Note, building_egde_s is set from the perspective |
---|
1826 | !-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_n is |
---|
1827 | !-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point. |
---|
1828 | building_edge_s = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )& |
---|
1829 | .AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) ) |
---|
1830 | building_edge_n = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) )& |
---|
1831 | .AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) |
---|
1832 | ! |
---|
1833 | !-- Determine topography-top index on v-grid |
---|
1834 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,2)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,2) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
1835 | |
---|
1836 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,2) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1837 | ! |
---|
1838 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
1839 | !-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
1840 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
1841 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
1842 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
1843 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy |
---|
1844 | !-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered |
---|
1845 | !-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges |
---|
1846 | !-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid |
---|
1847 | !-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped |
---|
1848 | !-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined. |
---|
1849 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
1850 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp & |
---|
1851 | .AND. .NOT. building_edge_s ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i) |
---|
1852 | ! |
---|
1853 | !-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right- |
---|
1854 | !-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the |
---|
1855 | !-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the |
---|
1856 | !-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid |
---|
1857 | !-- point (j,i-1). |
---|
1858 | IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) == 0.0_wp & |
---|
1859 | .AND. building_edge_n ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i) |
---|
1860 | |
---|
1861 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
1862 | pre_v = 0.0_wp |
---|
1863 | ! |
---|
1864 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
1865 | pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
1866 | lad_local * & |
---|
1867 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
1868 | u(k,j-1,i+1) + & |
---|
1869 | u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1870 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1871 | )**2 + & |
---|
1872 | v(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
1873 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + & |
---|
1874 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1875 | w(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
1876 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1877 | )**2 & |
---|
1878 | ) * & |
---|
1879 | v(k,j,i) |
---|
1880 | |
---|
1881 | ! |
---|
1882 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
1883 | pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
1884 | ! |
---|
1885 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
1886 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
1887 | IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN |
---|
1888 | pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
1889 | ELSE |
---|
1890 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
1891 | ENDIF |
---|
1892 | ! |
---|
1893 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
1894 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
1895 | |
---|
1896 | ENDDO |
---|
1897 | ENDDO |
---|
1898 | ENDDO |
---|
1899 | |
---|
1900 | ! |
---|
1901 | !-- w-component |
---|
1902 | CASE ( 3 ) |
---|
1903 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1904 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1905 | ! |
---|
1906 | !-- Determine topography-top index on w-grid |
---|
1907 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,3)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,3) + pch_index_ji(j,i) - 1 |
---|
1908 | |
---|
1909 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,3) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1910 | |
---|
1911 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
1912 | pre_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
1913 | ! |
---|
1914 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
1915 | pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
1916 | (0.5_wp * & |
---|
1917 | ( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * & |
---|
1918 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1919 | u(k,j,i+1) + & |
---|
1920 | u(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1921 | u(k+1,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1922 | )**2 + & |
---|
1923 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1924 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
1925 | v(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1926 | v(k+1,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1927 | )**2 + & |
---|
1928 | w(k,j,i)**2 & |
---|
1929 | ) * & |
---|
1930 | w(k,j,i) |
---|
1931 | ! |
---|
1932 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
1933 | pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
1934 | ! |
---|
1935 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
1936 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
1937 | IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN |
---|
1938 | pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
1939 | ELSE |
---|
1940 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
1941 | ENDIF |
---|
1942 | ! |
---|
1943 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
1944 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
1945 | |
---|
1946 | ENDDO |
---|
1947 | ENDDO |
---|
1948 | ENDDO |
---|
1949 | |
---|
1950 | ! |
---|
1951 | !-- potential temperature |
---|
1952 | CASE ( 4 ) |
---|
1953 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
1954 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1955 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1956 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid |
---|
1957 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
1958 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1959 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i) - pcm_latent_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
1960 | ENDDO |
---|
1961 | ENDDO |
---|
1962 | ENDDO |
---|
1963 | ELSE |
---|
1964 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1965 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1966 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid |
---|
1967 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
1968 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1969 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
1970 | ENDDO |
---|
1971 | ENDDO |
---|
1972 | ENDDO |
---|
1973 | ENDIF |
---|
1974 | |
---|
1975 | ! |
---|
1976 | !-- humidity |
---|
1977 | CASE ( 5 ) |
---|
1978 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1979 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1980 | ! |
---|
1981 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid |
---|
1982 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
1983 | |
---|
1984 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1985 | |
---|
1986 | IF ( .NOT. plant_canopy_transpiration ) THEN |
---|
1987 | ! pcm_transpiration_rate is calculated in radiation model |
---|
1988 | ! in case of plant_canopy_transpiration = .T. |
---|
1989 | ! to include also the dependecy to the radiation |
---|
1990 | ! in the plant canopy box |
---|
1991 | pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i) = - leaf_scalar_exch_coeff & |
---|
1992 | * lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1993 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1994 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1995 | )**2 + & |
---|
1996 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1997 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1998 | )**2 + & |
---|
1999 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
2000 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
2001 | )**2 & |
---|
2002 | ) * & |
---|
2003 | ( q(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc ) |
---|
2004 | ENDIF |
---|
2005 | |
---|
2006 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
2007 | ENDDO |
---|
2008 | ENDDO |
---|
2009 | ENDDO |
---|
2010 | |
---|
2011 | ! |
---|
2012 | !-- sgs-tke |
---|
2013 | CASE ( 6 ) |
---|
2014 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
2015 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
2016 | ! |
---|
2017 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid |
---|
2018 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2019 | |
---|
2020 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2021 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
2022 | 2.0_wp * canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
2023 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
2024 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2025 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2026 | )**2 + & |
---|
2027 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2028 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
2029 | )**2 + & |
---|
2030 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2031 | w(k+1,j,i) ) & |
---|
2032 | )**2 & |
---|
2033 | ) * & |
---|
2034 | e(k,j,i) |
---|
2035 | ENDDO |
---|
2036 | ENDDO |
---|
2037 | ENDDO |
---|
2038 | ! |
---|
2039 | !-- scalar concentration |
---|
2040 | CASE ( 7 ) |
---|
2041 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
2042 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
2043 | ! |
---|
2044 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid |
---|
2045 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2046 | |
---|
2047 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2048 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
2049 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff * & |
---|
2050 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
2051 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2052 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2053 | )**2 + & |
---|
2054 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2055 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
2056 | )**2 + & |
---|
2057 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
2058 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
2059 | )**2 & |
---|
2060 | ) * & |
---|
2061 | ( s(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc ) |
---|
2062 | ENDDO |
---|
2063 | ENDDO |
---|
2064 | ENDDO |
---|
2065 | |
---|
2066 | |
---|
2067 | |
---|
2068 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
2069 | |
---|
2070 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component |
---|
2071 | CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
2072 | |
---|
2073 | END SELECT |
---|
2074 | |
---|
2075 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency |
---|
2076 | |
---|
2077 | |
---|
2078 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2079 | ! Description: |
---|
2080 | ! ------------ |
---|
2081 | !> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant |
---|
2082 | !> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities. |
---|
2083 | !> |
---|
2084 | !> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 |
---|
2085 | !> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init. |
---|
2086 | !> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding |
---|
2087 | !> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at |
---|
2088 | !> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero. |
---|
2089 | !> |
---|
2090 | !> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of |
---|
2091 | !> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
---|
2092 | !> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy |
---|
2093 | !> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This |
---|
2094 | !> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities. |
---|
2095 | !> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different |
---|
2096 | !> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that |
---|
2097 | !> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag. |
---|
2098 | !> |
---|
2099 | !> |
---|
2100 | !> Call for grid point i,j |
---|
2101 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2102 | SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij( i, j, component ) |
---|
2103 | |
---|
2104 | INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e) |
---|
2105 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
2106 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
2107 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
2108 | INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays |
---|
2109 | |
---|
2110 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_e !< control flag indicating an eastward-facing building edge |
---|
2111 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_n !< control flag indicating a north-facing building edge |
---|
2112 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_s !< control flag indicating a south-facing building edge |
---|
2113 | LOGICAL :: building_edge_w !< control flag indicating a westward-facing building edge |
---|
2114 | |
---|
2115 | REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d) |
---|
2116 | REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value |
---|
2117 | REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency |
---|
2118 | REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value |
---|
2119 | REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value |
---|
2120 | REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value |
---|
2121 | |
---|
2122 | |
---|
2123 | ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d |
---|
2124 | ! |
---|
2125 | !-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE |
---|
2126 | SELECT CASE ( component ) |
---|
2127 | |
---|
2128 | ! |
---|
2129 | !-- u-component |
---|
2130 | CASE ( 1 ) |
---|
2131 | ! |
---|
2132 | !-- Set control flags indicating east- and westward-orientated |
---|
2133 | !-- building edges. Note, building_egde_w is set from the perspective |
---|
2134 | !-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_e is |
---|
2135 | !-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point. |
---|
2136 | building_edge_w = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) .AND. & |
---|
2137 | .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) ) |
---|
2138 | building_edge_e = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) ) .AND. & |
---|
2139 | .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) |
---|
2140 | ! |
---|
2141 | !-- Determine topography-top index on u-grid |
---|
2142 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,1) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,1) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2143 | |
---|
2144 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,1) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2145 | |
---|
2146 | ! |
---|
2147 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
2148 | !-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
2149 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
2150 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
2151 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
2152 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy |
---|
2153 | !-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered |
---|
2154 | !-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges |
---|
2155 | !-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid |
---|
2156 | !-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped |
---|
2157 | !-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined. |
---|
2158 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
2159 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
2160 | .NOT. building_edge_w ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1) |
---|
2161 | ! |
---|
2162 | !-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right- |
---|
2163 | !-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the |
---|
2164 | !-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the |
---|
2165 | !-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid |
---|
2166 | !-- point (j,i-1). |
---|
2167 | IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) == 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
2168 | building_edge_e ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1) |
---|
2169 | |
---|
2170 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
2171 | pre_u = 0.0_wp |
---|
2172 | ! |
---|
2173 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
2174 | pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
2175 | lad_local * & |
---|
2176 | SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
2177 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
2178 | v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2179 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
2180 | v(k,j+1,i-1) ) & |
---|
2181 | )**2 + & |
---|
2182 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + & |
---|
2183 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
2184 | w(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
2185 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
2186 | )**2 & |
---|
2187 | ) * & |
---|
2188 | u(k,j,i) |
---|
2189 | |
---|
2190 | ! |
---|
2191 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
2192 | pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
2193 | ! |
---|
2194 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
2195 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
2196 | IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN |
---|
2197 | pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
2198 | ELSE |
---|
2199 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
2200 | ENDIF |
---|
2201 | ! |
---|
2202 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
2203 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
2204 | ENDDO |
---|
2205 | |
---|
2206 | |
---|
2207 | ! |
---|
2208 | !-- v-component |
---|
2209 | CASE ( 2 ) |
---|
2210 | ! |
---|
2211 | !-- Set control flags indicating north- and southward-orientated |
---|
2212 | !-- building edges. Note, building_egde_s is set from the perspective |
---|
2213 | !-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_n is |
---|
2214 | !-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point. |
---|
2215 | building_edge_s = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) .AND. & |
---|
2216 | .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) ) |
---|
2217 | building_edge_n = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) ) .AND. & |
---|
2218 | .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) |
---|
2219 | ! |
---|
2220 | !-- Determine topography-top index on v-grid |
---|
2221 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,2) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,2) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2222 | |
---|
2223 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,2) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2224 | ! |
---|
2225 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
2226 | !-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
2227 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
2228 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
2229 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
2230 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy |
---|
2231 | !-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered |
---|
2232 | !-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges |
---|
2233 | !-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid |
---|
2234 | !-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped |
---|
2235 | !-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined. |
---|
2236 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
2237 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
2238 | .NOT. building_edge_s ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i) |
---|
2239 | ! |
---|
2240 | !-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right- |
---|
2241 | !-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the |
---|
2242 | !-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the |
---|
2243 | !-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid |
---|
2244 | !-- point (j,i-1). |
---|
2245 | IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) == 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
2246 | building_edge_n ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i) |
---|
2247 | |
---|
2248 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
2249 | pre_v = 0.0_wp |
---|
2250 | ! |
---|
2251 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
2252 | pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
2253 | lad_local * & |
---|
2254 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
2255 | u(k,j-1,i+1) + & |
---|
2256 | u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2257 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2258 | )**2 + & |
---|
2259 | v(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
2260 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + & |
---|
2261 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
2262 | w(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
2263 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
2264 | )**2 & |
---|
2265 | ) * & |
---|
2266 | v(k,j,i) |
---|
2267 | |
---|
2268 | ! |
---|
2269 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
2270 | pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
2271 | ! |
---|
2272 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
2273 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
2274 | IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN |
---|
2275 | pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
2276 | ELSE |
---|
2277 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
2278 | ENDIF |
---|
2279 | ! |
---|
2280 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
2281 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
2282 | ENDDO |
---|
2283 | |
---|
2284 | |
---|
2285 | ! |
---|
2286 | !-- w-component |
---|
2287 | CASE ( 3 ) |
---|
2288 | ! |
---|
2289 | !-- Determine topography-top index on w-grid |
---|
2290 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,3) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,3) + pch_index_ji(j,i) - 1 |
---|
2291 | |
---|
2292 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,3) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2293 | |
---|
2294 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
2295 | pre_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
2296 | ! |
---|
2297 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
2298 | pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
2299 | (0.5_wp * & |
---|
2300 | ( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * & |
---|
2301 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2302 | u(k,j,i+1) + & |
---|
2303 | u(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
2304 | u(k+1,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2305 | )**2 + & |
---|
2306 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2307 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
2308 | v(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
2309 | v(k+1,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
2310 | )**2 + & |
---|
2311 | w(k,j,i)**2 & |
---|
2312 | ) * & |
---|
2313 | w(k,j,i) |
---|
2314 | ! |
---|
2315 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
2316 | pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
2317 | ! |
---|
2318 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
2319 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
2320 | IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN |
---|
2321 | pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
2322 | ELSE |
---|
2323 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
2324 | ENDIF |
---|
2325 | ! |
---|
2326 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
2327 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
2328 | ENDDO |
---|
2329 | |
---|
2330 | ! |
---|
2331 | !-- potential temperature |
---|
2332 | CASE ( 4 ) |
---|
2333 | ! |
---|
2334 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid |
---|
2335 | IF ( humidity ) THEN |
---|
2336 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2337 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2338 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i) - & |
---|
2339 | pcm_latent_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
2340 | ENDDO |
---|
2341 | ELSE |
---|
2342 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2343 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2344 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
2345 | ENDDO |
---|
2346 | ENDIF |
---|
2347 | |
---|
2348 | ! |
---|
2349 | !-- humidity |
---|
2350 | CASE ( 5 ) |
---|
2351 | ! |
---|
2352 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid |
---|
2353 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2354 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
2355 | IF ( .NOT. plant_canopy_transpiration ) THEN |
---|
2356 | ! pcm_transpiration_rate is calculated in radiation model |
---|
2357 | ! in case of plant_canopy_transpiration = .T. |
---|
2358 | ! to include also the dependecy to the radiation |
---|
2359 | ! in the plant canopy box |
---|
2360 | pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i) = - leaf_scalar_exch_coeff & |
---|
2361 | * lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
2362 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2363 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2364 | )**2 + & |
---|
2365 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2366 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
2367 | )**2 + & |
---|
2368 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
2369 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
2370 | )**2 & |
---|
2371 | ) * & |
---|
2372 | ( q(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc ) |
---|
2373 | ENDIF |
---|
2374 | |
---|
2375 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
2376 | |
---|
2377 | ENDDO |
---|
2378 | |
---|
2379 | ! |
---|
2380 | !-- sgs-tke |
---|
2381 | CASE ( 6 ) |
---|
2382 | ! |
---|
2383 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid |
---|
2384 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2385 | |
---|
2386 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) |
---|
2387 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
2388 | 2.0_wp * canopy_drag_coeff * & |
---|
2389 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
2390 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2391 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2392 | )**2 + & |
---|
2393 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2394 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
2395 | )**2 + & |
---|
2396 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2397 | w(k+1,j,i) ) & |
---|
2398 | )**2 & |
---|
2399 | ) * & |
---|
2400 | e(k,j,i) |
---|
2401 | ENDDO |
---|
2402 | |
---|
2403 | ! |
---|
2404 | !-- scalar concentration |
---|
2405 | CASE ( 7 ) |
---|
2406 | ! |
---|
2407 | !-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid |
---|
2408 | DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) |
---|
2409 | |
---|
2410 | kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) |
---|
2411 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
2412 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff * & |
---|
2413 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
2414 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2415 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
2416 | )**2 + & |
---|
2417 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2418 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
2419 | )**2 + & |
---|
2420 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
2421 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
2422 | )**2 & |
---|
2423 | ) * & |
---|
2424 | ( s(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc ) |
---|
2425 | ENDDO |
---|
2426 | |
---|
2427 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
2428 | |
---|
2429 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component |
---|
2430 | CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
2431 | |
---|
2432 | END SELECT |
---|
2433 | |
---|
2434 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij |
---|
2435 | |
---|
2436 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2437 | ! Description: |
---|
2438 | ! ------------ |
---|
2439 | !> Subroutine writes local (subdomain) restart data |
---|
2440 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2441 | SUBROUTINE pcm_wrd_local |
---|
2442 | |
---|
2443 | IF ( TRIM( restart_data_format_output ) == 'fortran_binary' ) THEN |
---|
2444 | |
---|
2445 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
2446 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_heatrate_av' ) |
---|
2447 | WRITE ( 14 ) pcm_heatrate_av |
---|
2448 | ENDIF |
---|
2449 | |
---|
2450 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
2451 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_latentrate_av' ) |
---|
2452 | WRITE ( 14 ) pcm_latentrate_av |
---|
2453 | ENDIF |
---|
2454 | |
---|
2455 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
2456 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_transpirationrate_av' ) |
---|
2457 | WRITE ( 14 ) pcm_transpirationrate_av |
---|
2458 | ENDIF |
---|
2459 | |
---|
2460 | ELSEIF ( TRIM( restart_data_format_output ) == 'mpi' ) THEN |
---|
2461 | |
---|
2462 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'pcm_heatrate_av', pcm_heatrate_av ) |
---|
2463 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
2464 | CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'pcm_latentrate_av', pcm_latentrate_av ) |
---|
2465 | ENDIF |
---|
2466 | IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN |
---|
2467 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_transpirationrate_av', pcm_transpirationrate_av ) |
---|
2468 | ENDIF |
---|
2469 | |
---|
2470 | ENDIF |
---|
2471 | |
---|
2472 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_wrd_local |
---|
2473 | |
---|
2474 | |
---|
2475 | END MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod |
---|