1 | !> @file plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 |
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2 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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3 | ! This file is part of PALM. |
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4 | ! |
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5 | ! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the |
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6 | ! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software |
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7 | ! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later |
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8 | ! version. |
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9 | ! |
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10 | ! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY |
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11 | ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR |
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12 | ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
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13 | ! |
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14 | ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
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15 | ! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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16 | ! |
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17 | ! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover |
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18 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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19 | ! |
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20 | ! Current revisions: |
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21 | ! ----------------- |
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22 | ! |
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23 | ! |
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24 | ! Former revisions: |
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25 | ! ----------------- |
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26 | ! $Id: plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 2025 2016-10-12 16:44:03Z suehring $ |
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27 | ! |
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28 | ! 2024 2016-10-12 16:42:37Z kanani |
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29 | ! Added missing lad_s initialization |
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30 | ! |
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31 | ! 2011 2016-09-19 17:29:57Z kanani |
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32 | ! Renamed canopy_heat_flux to pc_heating_rate, since the original meaning/ |
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33 | ! calculation of the quantity has changed, related to the urban surface model |
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34 | ! and similar future applications. |
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35 | ! |
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36 | ! 2007 2016-08-24 15:47:17Z kanani |
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37 | ! Added SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d for reading 3d plant canopy data |
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38 | ! from file (new case canopy_mode=read_from_file_3d) in the course of |
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39 | ! introduction of urban surface model, |
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40 | ! introduced variable ext_coef, |
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41 | ! resorted SUBROUTINEs to alphabetical order |
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42 | ! |
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43 | ! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop |
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44 | ! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns |
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45 | ! |
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46 | ! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring |
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47 | ! Separate humidity and passive scalar |
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48 | ! |
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49 | ! 1953 2016-06-21 09:28:42Z suehring |
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50 | ! Bugfix, lad_s and lad must be public |
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51 | ! |
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52 | ! 1826 2016-04-07 12:01:39Z maronga |
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53 | ! Further modularization |
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54 | ! |
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55 | ! 1721 2015-11-16 12:56:48Z raasch |
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56 | ! bugfixes: shf is reduced in areas covered with canopy only, |
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57 | ! canopy is set on top of topography |
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58 | ! |
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59 | ! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop |
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60 | ! Code annotations made doxygen readable |
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61 | ! |
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62 | ! 1484 2014-10-21 10:53:05Z kanani |
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63 | ! Changes due to new module structure of the plant canopy model: |
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64 | ! module plant_canopy_model_mod now contains a subroutine for the |
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65 | ! initialization of the canopy model (pcm_init), |
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66 | ! limitation of the canopy drag (previously accounted for by calculation of |
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67 | ! a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
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68 | ! in subroutine timestep) is now realized by the calculation of pre-tendencies |
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69 | ! and preliminary velocities in subroutine pcm_tendency, |
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70 | ! some redundant MPI communication removed in subroutine pcm_init |
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71 | ! (was previously in init_3d_model), |
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72 | ! unnecessary 3d-arrays lad_u, lad_v, lad_w removed - lad information on the |
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73 | ! respective grid is now provided only by lad_s (e.g. in the calculation of |
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74 | ! the tendency terms or of cum_lai_hf), |
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75 | ! drag_coefficient, lai, leaf_surface_concentration, |
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76 | ! scalar_exchange_coefficient, sec and sls renamed to canopy_drag_coeff, |
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77 | ! cum_lai_hf, leaf_surface_conc, leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, lsec and lsc, |
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78 | ! respectively, |
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79 | ! unnecessary 3d-arrays cdc, lsc and lsec now defined as single-value constants, |
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80 | ! USE-statements and ONLY-lists modified accordingly |
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81 | ! |
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82 | ! 1340 2014-03-25 19:45:13Z kanani |
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83 | ! REAL constants defined as wp-kind |
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84 | ! |
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85 | ! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch |
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86 | ! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements, |
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87 | ! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements, |
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88 | ! kinds are defined in new module kinds, |
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89 | ! old module precision_kind is removed, |
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90 | ! revision history before 2012 removed, |
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91 | ! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to |
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92 | ! all variable declaration statements |
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93 | ! |
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94 | ! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch |
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95 | ! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9) |
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96 | ! |
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97 | ! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel |
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98 | ! Initial revision |
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99 | ! |
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100 | ! Description: |
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101 | ! ------------ |
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102 | !> 1) Initialization of the canopy model, e.g. construction of leaf area density |
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103 | !> profile (subroutine pcm_init). |
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104 | !> 2) Calculation of sinks and sources of momentum, heat and scalar concentration |
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105 | !> due to canopy elements (subroutine pcm_tendency). |
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106 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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107 | MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod |
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108 | |
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109 | USE arrays_3d, & |
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110 | ONLY: dzu, dzw, e, q, s, shf, tend, u, v, w, zu, zw |
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111 | |
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112 | USE indices, & |
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113 | ONLY: nbgp, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxr, nxrg, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nysv, & |
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114 | nz, nzb, nzb_s_inner, nzb_u_inner, nzb_v_inner, nzb_w_inner, nzt |
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115 | |
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116 | USE kinds |
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117 | |
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118 | |
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119 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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120 | |
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121 | |
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122 | CHARACTER (LEN=20) :: canopy_mode = 'block' !< canopy coverage |
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123 | |
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124 | INTEGER(iwp) :: pch_index = 0 !< plant canopy height/top index |
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125 | INTEGER(iwp) :: & |
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126 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(10) = -9999 !< lad-profile levels (index) |
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127 | |
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128 | LOGICAL :: calc_beta_lad_profile = .FALSE. !< switch for calc. of lad from beta func. |
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129 | LOGICAL :: plant_canopy = .FALSE. !< switch for use of canopy model |
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130 | |
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131 | REAL(wp) :: alpha_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation |
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132 | REAL(wp) :: beta_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation |
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133 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy drag coefficient (parameter) |
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134 | REAL(wp) :: cdc = 0.0_wp !< canopy drag coeff. (abbreviation used in equations) |
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135 | REAL(wp) :: cthf = 0.0_wp !< canopy top heat flux |
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136 | REAL(wp) :: dt_plant_canopy = 0.0_wp !< timestep account. for canopy drag |
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137 | REAL(wp) :: ext_coef = 0.6_wp !< extinction coefficient |
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138 | REAL(wp) :: lad_surface = 0.0_wp !< lad surface value |
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139 | REAL(wp) :: lai_beta = 0.0_wp !< leaf area index (lai) for lad calc. |
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140 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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141 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy scalar exchange coeff. |
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142 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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143 | leaf_surface_conc = 0.0_wp !< leaf surface concentration |
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144 | REAL(wp) :: lsec = 0.0_wp !< leaf scalar exchange coeff. |
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145 | REAL(wp) :: lsc = 0.0_wp !< leaf surface concentration |
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146 | |
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147 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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148 | lad_vertical_gradient(10) = 0.0_wp !< lad gradient |
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149 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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150 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(10) = -9999999.9_wp !< lad-prof. levels (in m) |
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151 | |
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152 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad !< leaf area density |
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153 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pre_lad !< preliminary lad |
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154 | |
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155 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: & |
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156 | pc_heating_rate !< plant canopy heating rate |
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157 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: cum_lai_hf !< cumulative lai for heatflux calc. |
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158 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad_s !< lad on scalar-grid |
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159 | |
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160 | |
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161 | SAVE |
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162 | |
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163 | |
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164 | PRIVATE |
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165 | |
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166 | ! |
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167 | !-- Public functions |
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168 | PUBLIC pcm_check_parameters, pcm_header, pcm_init, pcm_parin, pcm_tendency |
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169 | |
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170 | ! |
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171 | !-- Public variables and constants |
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172 | PUBLIC pc_heating_rate, canopy_mode, cthf, dt_plant_canopy, lad, lad_s, & |
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173 | pch_index, plant_canopy |
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174 | |
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175 | |
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176 | |
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177 | INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters |
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178 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_parameters |
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179 | END INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters |
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180 | |
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181 | INTERFACE pcm_header |
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182 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_header |
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183 | END INTERFACE pcm_header |
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184 | |
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185 | INTERFACE pcm_init |
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186 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_init |
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187 | END INTERFACE pcm_init |
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188 | |
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189 | INTERFACE pcm_parin |
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190 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_parin |
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191 | END INTERFACE pcm_parin |
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192 | |
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193 | INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
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194 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
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195 | END INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
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196 | |
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197 | INTERFACE pcm_tendency |
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198 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency |
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199 | MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency_ij |
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200 | END INTERFACE pcm_tendency |
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201 | |
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202 | |
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203 | CONTAINS |
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204 | |
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205 | |
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206 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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207 | ! Description: |
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208 | ! ------------ |
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209 | !> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model |
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210 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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211 | SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters |
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212 | |
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213 | USE control_parameters, & |
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214 | ONLY: cloud_physics, message_string, microphysics_seifert |
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215 | |
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216 | |
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217 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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218 | |
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219 | |
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220 | IF ( canopy_drag_coeff == 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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221 | message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires a non-zero drag '// & |
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222 | 'coefficient & given value is canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0' |
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223 | CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0041', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
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224 | ENDIF |
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225 | |
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226 | IF ( ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR.& |
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227 | beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. alpha_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
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228 | message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // & |
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229 | 'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // & |
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230 | 'both alpha_lad and beta_lad to be /= 9999999.9' |
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231 | CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0118', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
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232 | ENDIF |
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233 | |
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234 | IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lai_beta == 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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235 | message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // & |
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236 | 'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // & |
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237 | 'a non-zero lai_beta, but given value is ' // & |
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238 | 'lai_beta = 0.0' |
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239 | CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0119', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
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240 | ENDIF |
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241 | |
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242 | IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lad_surface /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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243 | message_string = 'simultaneous setting of alpha_lad /= 9999999.9' // & |
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244 | 'and lad_surface /= 0.0 is not possible, ' // & |
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245 | 'use either vertical gradients or the beta ' // & |
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246 | 'function for the construction of the leaf area '// & |
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247 | 'density profile' |
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248 | CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0120', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
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249 | ENDIF |
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250 | |
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251 | IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN |
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252 | message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires cloud_scheme /=' // & |
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253 | ' seifert_beheng' |
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254 | CALL message( 'check_parameters', 'PA0360', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
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255 | ENDIF |
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256 | |
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257 | |
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258 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters |
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259 | |
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260 | |
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261 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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262 | ! Description: |
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263 | ! ------------ |
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264 | !> Header output for plant canopy model |
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265 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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266 | SUBROUTINE pcm_header ( io ) |
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267 | |
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268 | USE control_parameters, & |
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269 | ONLY: dz, passive_scalar |
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270 | |
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271 | |
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272 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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273 | |
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274 | CHARACTER (LEN=10) :: coor_chr !< |
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275 | |
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276 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: coordinates !< |
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277 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: gradients !< |
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278 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: leaf_area_density !< |
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279 | CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: slices !< |
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280 | |
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281 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< |
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282 | INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file |
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283 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< |
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284 | |
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285 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height (in m) |
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286 | |
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287 | canopy_height = pch_index * dz |
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288 | |
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289 | WRITE ( io, 1 ) canopy_mode, canopy_height, pch_index, & |
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290 | canopy_drag_coeff |
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291 | IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN |
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292 | WRITE ( io, 2 ) leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, & |
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293 | leaf_surface_conc |
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294 | ENDIF |
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295 | |
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296 | ! |
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297 | !-- Heat flux at the top of vegetation |
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298 | WRITE ( io, 3 ) cthf |
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299 | |
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300 | ! |
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301 | !-- Leaf area density profile, calculated either from given vertical |
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302 | !-- gradients or from beta probability density function. |
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303 | IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN |
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304 | |
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305 | !-- Building output strings, starting with surface value |
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306 | WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface |
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307 | gradients = '------' |
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308 | slices = ' 0' |
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309 | coordinates = ' 0.0' |
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310 | i = 1 |
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311 | DO WHILE ( i < 11 .AND. lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) & |
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312 | /= -9999 ) |
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313 | |
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314 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i)) |
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315 | leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // & |
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316 | TRIM( coor_chr ) |
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317 | |
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318 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad_vertical_gradient(i) |
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319 | gradients = TRIM( gradients ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
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320 | |
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321 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(I7)') lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) |
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322 | slices = TRIM( slices ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
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323 | |
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324 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) |
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325 | coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
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326 | |
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327 | i = i + 1 |
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328 | ENDDO |
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329 | |
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330 | WRITE ( io, 4 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), & |
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331 | TRIM( gradients ), TRIM( slices ) |
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332 | |
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333 | ELSE |
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334 | |
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335 | WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface |
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336 | coordinates = ' 0.0' |
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337 | |
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338 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
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339 | |
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340 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(k) |
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341 | leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // & |
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342 | TRIM( coor_chr ) |
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343 | |
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344 | WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') zu(k) |
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345 | coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr ) |
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346 | |
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347 | ENDDO |
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348 | |
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349 | WRITE ( io, 5 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), & |
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350 | alpha_lad, beta_lad, lai_beta |
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351 | |
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352 | ENDIF |
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353 | |
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354 | 1 FORMAT (//' Vegetation canopy (drag) model:'/ & |
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355 | ' ------------------------------'// & |
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356 | ' Canopy mode: ', A / & |
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357 | ' Canopy height: ',F6.2,'m (',I4,' grid points)' / & |
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358 | ' Leaf drag coefficient: ',F6.2 /) |
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359 | 2 FORMAT (/ ' Scalar exchange coefficient: ',F6.2 / & |
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360 | ' Scalar concentration at leaf surfaces in kg/m**3: ',F6.2 /) |
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361 | 3 FORMAT (' Predefined constant heatflux at the top of the vegetation: ',F6.2, & |
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362 | ' K m/s') |
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363 | 4 FORMAT (/ ' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density:'// & |
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364 | ' Height: ',A,' m'/ & |
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365 | ' Leaf area density: ',A,' m**2/m**3'/ & |
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366 | ' Gradient: ',A,' m**2/m**4'/ & |
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367 | ' Gridpoint: ',A) |
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368 | 5 FORMAT (//' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density and coefficients:'& |
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369 | // ' Height: ',A,' m'/ & |
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370 | ' Leaf area density: ',A,' m**2/m**3'/ & |
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371 | ' Coefficient alpha: ',F6.2 / & |
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372 | ' Coefficient beta: ',F6.2 / & |
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373 | ' Leaf area index: ',F6.2,' m**2/m**2' /) |
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374 | |
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375 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_header |
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376 | |
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377 | |
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378 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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379 | ! Description: |
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380 | ! ------------ |
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381 | !> Initialization of the plant canopy model |
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382 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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383 | SUBROUTINE pcm_init |
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384 | |
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385 | |
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386 | USE control_parameters, & |
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387 | ONLY: coupling_char, dz, humidity, io_blocks, io_group, & |
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388 | message_string, ocean, passive_scalar |
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389 | |
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390 | |
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391 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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392 | |
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393 | CHARACTER(10) :: pct |
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394 | |
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395 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
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396 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index |
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397 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
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398 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
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399 | |
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400 | REAL(wp) :: int_bpdf !< vertical integral for lad-profile construction |
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401 | REAL(wp) :: dzh !< vertical grid spacing in units of canopy height |
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402 | REAL(wp) :: gradient !< gradient for lad-profile construction |
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403 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height for lad-profile construction |
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404 | REAL(wp) :: pcv(nzb:nzt+1) !< |
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405 | |
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406 | ! |
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407 | !-- Allocate one-dimensional arrays for the computation of the |
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408 | !-- leaf area density (lad) profile |
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409 | ALLOCATE( lad(0:nz+1), pre_lad(0:nz+1) ) |
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410 | lad = 0.0_wp |
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411 | pre_lad = 0.0_wp |
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412 | |
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413 | ! |
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414 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the lad-profile shall be calculated by using |
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415 | !-- a beta probability density function |
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416 | IF ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
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417 | calc_beta_lad_profile = .TRUE. |
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418 | ENDIF |
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419 | |
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420 | |
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421 | ! |
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422 | !-- Compute the profile of leaf area density used in the plant |
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423 | !-- canopy model. The profile can either be constructed from |
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424 | !-- prescribed vertical gradients of the leaf area density or by |
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425 | !-- using a beta probability density function (see e.g. Markkanen et al., |
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426 | !-- 2003: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 106, 437-459) |
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427 | IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN |
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428 | |
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429 | ! |
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430 | !-- Use vertical gradients for lad-profile construction |
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431 | i = 1 |
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432 | gradient = 0.0_wp |
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433 | |
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434 | IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN |
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435 | |
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436 | lad(0) = lad_surface |
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437 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(1) = 0 |
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438 | |
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439 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
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440 | IF ( i < 11 ) THEN |
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441 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) < zu(k) .AND. & |
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442 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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443 | gradient = lad_vertical_gradient(i) |
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444 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) = k - 1 |
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445 | i = i + 1 |
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446 | ENDIF |
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447 | ENDIF |
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448 | IF ( gradient /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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449 | IF ( k /= 1 ) THEN |
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450 | lad(k) = lad(k-1) + dzu(k) * gradient |
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451 | ELSE |
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452 | lad(k) = lad_surface + dzu(k) * gradient |
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453 | ENDIF |
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454 | ELSE |
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455 | lad(k) = lad(k-1) |
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456 | ENDIF |
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457 | ENDDO |
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458 | |
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459 | ENDIF |
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460 | |
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461 | ! |
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462 | !-- In case of no given leaf area density gradients, choose a vanishing |
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463 | !-- gradient. This information is used for the HEADER and the RUN_CONTROL |
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464 | !-- file. |
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465 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) == -9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
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466 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) = 0.0_wp |
---|
467 | ENDIF |
---|
468 | |
---|
469 | ELSE |
---|
470 | |
---|
471 | ! |
---|
472 | !-- Use beta function for lad-profile construction |
---|
473 | int_bpdf = 0.0_wp |
---|
474 | canopy_height = pch_index * dz |
---|
475 | |
---|
476 | DO k = nzb, pch_index |
---|
477 | int_bpdf = int_bpdf + & |
---|
478 | ( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) * & |
---|
479 | ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( & |
---|
480 | beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) & |
---|
481 | * ( ( zw(k+1)-zw(k) ) / canopy_height ) ) |
---|
482 | ENDDO |
---|
483 | |
---|
484 | ! |
---|
485 | !-- Preliminary lad profile (defined on w-grid) |
---|
486 | DO k = nzb, pch_index |
---|
487 | pre_lad(k) = lai_beta * & |
---|
488 | ( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) & |
---|
489 | * ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( & |
---|
490 | beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) / int_bpdf & |
---|
491 | ) / canopy_height |
---|
492 | ENDDO |
---|
493 | |
---|
494 | ! |
---|
495 | !-- Final lad profile (defined on scalar-grid level, since most prognostic |
---|
496 | !-- quantities are defined there, hence, less interpolation is required |
---|
497 | !-- when calculating the canopy tendencies) |
---|
498 | lad(0) = pre_lad(0) |
---|
499 | DO k = nzb+1, pch_index |
---|
500 | lad(k) = 0.5 * ( pre_lad(k-1) + pre_lad(k) ) |
---|
501 | ENDDO |
---|
502 | |
---|
503 | ENDIF |
---|
504 | |
---|
505 | ! |
---|
506 | !-- Allocate 3D-array for the leaf area density (lad_s). In case of a |
---|
507 | !-- prescribed canopy-top heat flux (cthf), allocate 3D-arrays for |
---|
508 | !-- the cumulative leaf area index (cum_lai_hf) and the canopy heat flux. |
---|
509 | ALLOCATE( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
510 | |
---|
511 | IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
512 | ALLOCATE( cum_lai_hf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & |
---|
513 | pc_heating_rate(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
514 | ENDIF |
---|
515 | |
---|
516 | ! |
---|
517 | !-- Initialize canopy parameters cdc (canopy drag coefficient), |
---|
518 | !-- lsec (leaf scalar exchange coefficient), lsc (leaf surface concentration) |
---|
519 | !-- with the prescribed values |
---|
520 | cdc = canopy_drag_coeff |
---|
521 | lsec = leaf_scalar_exch_coeff |
---|
522 | lsc = leaf_surface_conc |
---|
523 | |
---|
524 | ! |
---|
525 | !-- Initialization of the canopy coverage in the model domain: |
---|
526 | !-- Setting the parameter canopy_mode = 'block' initializes a canopy, which |
---|
527 | !-- fully covers the domain surface |
---|
528 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) ) |
---|
529 | |
---|
530 | CASE( 'block' ) |
---|
531 | |
---|
532 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
533 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
534 | lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:) |
---|
535 | ENDDO |
---|
536 | ENDDO |
---|
537 | |
---|
538 | CASE ( 'read_from_file_3d' ) |
---|
539 | ! |
---|
540 | !-- Initialize canopy parameters cdc (canopy drag coefficient), |
---|
541 | !-- lsec (leaf scalar exchange coefficient), lsc (leaf surface concentration) |
---|
542 | !-- from file which contains complete 3D data (separate vertical profiles for |
---|
543 | !-- each location). |
---|
544 | CALL pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
---|
545 | |
---|
546 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
547 | ! |
---|
548 | !-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter |
---|
549 | !-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the |
---|
550 | !-- user has coded a special case in the user interface. |
---|
551 | !-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks |
---|
552 | !-- which of these two conditions applies. |
---|
553 | CALL user_init_plant_canopy |
---|
554 | |
---|
555 | END SELECT |
---|
556 | |
---|
557 | ! |
---|
558 | !-- Initialization of the canopy heat source distribution due to heating |
---|
559 | !-- of the canopy layers by incoming solar radiation, in case that a non-zero |
---|
560 | !-- value is set for the canopy top heat flux (cthf), which equals the |
---|
561 | !-- available net radiation at canopy top. |
---|
562 | !-- The heat source distribution is calculated by a decaying exponential |
---|
563 | !-- function of the downward cumulative leaf area index (cum_lai_hf), |
---|
564 | !-- assuming that the foliage inside the plant canopy is heated by solar |
---|
565 | !-- radiation penetrating the canopy layers according to the distribution |
---|
566 | !-- of net radiation as suggested by Brown & Covey (1966; Agric. Meteorol. 3, |
---|
567 | !-- 73â96). This approach has been applied e.g. by Shaw & Schumann (1992; |
---|
568 | !-- Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 61, 47â64) |
---|
569 | IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
570 | ! |
---|
571 | !-- Piecewise calculation of the cumulative leaf area index by vertical |
---|
572 | !-- integration of the leaf area density |
---|
573 | cum_lai_hf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
574 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
575 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
576 | DO k = pch_index-1, 0, -1 |
---|
577 | IF ( k == pch_index-1 ) THEN |
---|
578 | cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
579 | ( 0.5_wp * lad_s(k+1,j,i) * & |
---|
580 | ( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + & |
---|
581 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
582 | lad_s(k,j,i) ) + & |
---|
583 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
---|
584 | ( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) ) |
---|
585 | ELSE |
---|
586 | cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
587 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+2,j,i) + & |
---|
588 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) + & |
---|
589 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
---|
590 | ( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + & |
---|
591 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
592 | lad_s(k,j,i) ) + & |
---|
593 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
---|
594 | ( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) ) |
---|
595 | ENDIF |
---|
596 | ENDDO |
---|
597 | ENDDO |
---|
598 | ENDDO |
---|
599 | |
---|
600 | ! |
---|
601 | !-- Calculation of the heating rate (K/s) within the different layers of |
---|
602 | !-- the plant canopy |
---|
603 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
604 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
605 | ! |
---|
606 | !-- Calculation only necessary in areas covered with canopy |
---|
607 | IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
608 | !-- |
---|
609 | !-- In areas with canopy the surface value of the canopy heat |
---|
610 | !-- flux distribution overrides the surface heat flux (shf) |
---|
611 | shf(j,i) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) ) |
---|
612 | ! |
---|
613 | !-- Within the different canopy layers the plant-canopy heating |
---|
614 | !-- rate (pc_heating_rate) is calculated as the vertical |
---|
615 | !-- divergence of the canopy heat fluxes at the top and bottom |
---|
616 | !-- of the respective layer |
---|
617 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
---|
618 | pc_heating_rate(k,j,i) = cthf * & |
---|
619 | ( exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k,j,i)) - & |
---|
620 | exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k-1,j,i)) ) / dzw(k) |
---|
621 | ENDDO |
---|
622 | ENDIF |
---|
623 | ENDDO |
---|
624 | ENDDO |
---|
625 | |
---|
626 | ENDIF |
---|
627 | |
---|
628 | |
---|
629 | |
---|
630 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_init |
---|
631 | |
---|
632 | |
---|
633 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
634 | ! Description: |
---|
635 | ! ------------ |
---|
636 | !> Parin for &canopy_par for plant canopy model |
---|
637 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
638 | SUBROUTINE pcm_parin |
---|
639 | |
---|
640 | |
---|
641 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
642 | |
---|
643 | CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file |
---|
644 | |
---|
645 | NAMELIST /canopy_par/ alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, & |
---|
646 | canopy_mode, cthf, & |
---|
647 | lad_surface, & |
---|
648 | lad_vertical_gradient, & |
---|
649 | lad_vertical_gradient_level, & |
---|
650 | lai_beta, & |
---|
651 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, & |
---|
652 | leaf_surface_conc, pch_index |
---|
653 | |
---|
654 | line = ' ' |
---|
655 | |
---|
656 | ! |
---|
657 | !-- Try to find radiation model package |
---|
658 | REWIND ( 11 ) |
---|
659 | line = ' ' |
---|
660 | DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&canopy_par' ) == 0 ) |
---|
661 | READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line |
---|
662 | ENDDO |
---|
663 | BACKSPACE ( 11 ) |
---|
664 | |
---|
665 | ! |
---|
666 | !-- Read user-defined namelist |
---|
667 | READ ( 11, canopy_par ) |
---|
668 | |
---|
669 | ! |
---|
670 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the radiation model is switched on |
---|
671 | plant_canopy = .TRUE. |
---|
672 | |
---|
673 | 10 CONTINUE |
---|
674 | |
---|
675 | |
---|
676 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_parin |
---|
677 | |
---|
678 | |
---|
679 | |
---|
680 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
681 | ! Description: |
---|
682 | ! ------------ |
---|
683 | ! |
---|
684 | !> Loads 3D plant canopy data from file. File format is as follows: |
---|
685 | !> |
---|
686 | !> num_levels |
---|
687 | !> dtype,x,y,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1) |
---|
688 | !> dtype,x,y,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1) |
---|
689 | !> dtype,x,y,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1) |
---|
690 | !> ... |
---|
691 | !> |
---|
692 | !> i.e. first line determines number of levels and further lines represent plant |
---|
693 | !> canopy data, one line per column and variable. In each data line, |
---|
694 | !> dtype represents variable to be set: |
---|
695 | !> |
---|
696 | !> dtype=1: leaf area density (lad_s) |
---|
697 | !> dtype=2: canopy drag coefficient (cdc) |
---|
698 | !> dtype=3: leaf scalar exchange coefficient (lsec) |
---|
699 | !> dtype=4: leaf surface concentration (lsc) |
---|
700 | !> |
---|
701 | !> Zeros are added automatically above num_levels until top of domain. Any |
---|
702 | !> non-specified (x,y) columns have zero values as default. |
---|
703 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
704 | SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
---|
705 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
706 | ONLY: passive_scalar, message_string |
---|
707 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
708 | |
---|
709 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, dtype, nzp, nzpltop, nzpl, kk |
---|
710 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: col |
---|
711 | |
---|
712 | lad_s = 0.0_wp |
---|
713 | OPEN(152, file='PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D', access='SEQUENTIAL', & |
---|
714 | action='READ', status='OLD', form='FORMATTED', err=515) |
---|
715 | READ(152, *, err=516, end=517) nzp !< read first line = number of vertical layers |
---|
716 | ALLOCATE(col(1:nzp)) |
---|
717 | nzpltop = MIN(nzt+1, nzb+nzp-1) |
---|
718 | nzpl = nzpltop - nzb + 1 !< no. of layers to assign |
---|
719 | |
---|
720 | DO |
---|
721 | READ(152, *, err=516, end=517) dtype, i, j, col(:) |
---|
722 | IF ( i < nxlg .or. i > nxrg .or. j < nysg .or. j > nyng ) CYCLE |
---|
723 | |
---|
724 | SELECT CASE (dtype) |
---|
725 | CASE( 1 ) !< leaf area density |
---|
726 | !-- only lad_s has flat z-coordinate, others have regular |
---|
727 | kk = nzb_s_inner(j, i) |
---|
728 | lad_s(nzb:nzpltop-kk, j, i) = col(1+kk:nzpl) |
---|
729 | ! CASE( 2 ) !< canopy drag coefficient |
---|
730 | ! cdc(nzb:nzpltop, j, i) = col(1:nzpl) |
---|
731 | ! CASE( 3 ) !< leaf scalar exchange coefficient |
---|
732 | ! lsec(nzb:nzpltop, j, i) = col(1:nzpl) |
---|
733 | ! CASE( 4 ) !< leaf surface concentration |
---|
734 | ! lsc(nzb:nzpltop, j, i) = col(1:nzpl) |
---|
735 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
736 | write(message_string, '(a,i2,a)') & |
---|
737 | 'Unknown record type in file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D: "', dtype, '"' |
---|
738 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0530', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
739 | END SELECT |
---|
740 | ENDDO |
---|
741 | |
---|
742 | 515 message_string = 'error opening file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' |
---|
743 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0531', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
744 | |
---|
745 | 516 message_string = 'error reading file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' |
---|
746 | CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0532', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
747 | |
---|
748 | 517 CLOSE(152) |
---|
749 | DEALLOCATE(col) |
---|
750 | |
---|
751 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d |
---|
752 | |
---|
753 | |
---|
754 | |
---|
755 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
756 | ! Description: |
---|
757 | ! ------------ |
---|
758 | !> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant |
---|
759 | !> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities. |
---|
760 | !> |
---|
761 | !> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 |
---|
762 | !> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init. |
---|
763 | !> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding |
---|
764 | !> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at |
---|
765 | !> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero. |
---|
766 | !> |
---|
767 | !> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of |
---|
768 | !> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
---|
769 | !> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy |
---|
770 | !> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This |
---|
771 | !> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities. |
---|
772 | !> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different |
---|
773 | !> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that |
---|
774 | !> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag. |
---|
775 | !> |
---|
776 | !> |
---|
777 | !> Call for all grid points |
---|
778 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
779 | SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency( component ) |
---|
780 | |
---|
781 | |
---|
782 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
783 | ONLY: dt_3d, message_string |
---|
784 | |
---|
785 | USE kinds |
---|
786 | |
---|
787 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
788 | |
---|
789 | INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e) |
---|
790 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
791 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
792 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
793 | INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays |
---|
794 | |
---|
795 | REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d) |
---|
796 | REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value |
---|
797 | REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency |
---|
798 | REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value |
---|
799 | REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value |
---|
800 | REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value |
---|
801 | |
---|
802 | |
---|
803 | ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d |
---|
804 | |
---|
805 | ! |
---|
806 | !-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE: |
---|
807 | SELECT CASE ( component ) |
---|
808 | |
---|
809 | ! |
---|
810 | !-- u-component |
---|
811 | CASE ( 1 ) |
---|
812 | DO i = nxlu, nxr |
---|
813 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
814 | DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_u_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
815 | |
---|
816 | kk = k - nzb_u_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
817 | ! |
---|
818 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
819 | !-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to |
---|
820 | !-- lad_s(k,j,i), rather than being interpolated from the |
---|
821 | !-- surrounding lad_s, because this would yield smaller lad |
---|
822 | !-- at the canopy boundaries than inside of the canopy. |
---|
823 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy |
---|
824 | !-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
825 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
826 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp )& |
---|
827 | THEN |
---|
828 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1) |
---|
829 | ENDIF |
---|
830 | |
---|
831 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
832 | pre_u = 0.0_wp |
---|
833 | ! |
---|
834 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
835 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
836 | lad_local * & |
---|
837 | SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
838 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
839 | v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
840 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
841 | v(k,j+1,i-1) ) & |
---|
842 | )**2 + & |
---|
843 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + & |
---|
844 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
845 | w(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
846 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
847 | )**2 & |
---|
848 | ) * & |
---|
849 | u(k,j,i) |
---|
850 | |
---|
851 | ! |
---|
852 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
853 | pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
854 | ! |
---|
855 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
856 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
857 | IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN |
---|
858 | pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
859 | ELSE |
---|
860 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
861 | ENDIF |
---|
862 | ! |
---|
863 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
864 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
865 | |
---|
866 | ENDDO |
---|
867 | ENDDO |
---|
868 | ENDDO |
---|
869 | |
---|
870 | ! |
---|
871 | !-- v-component |
---|
872 | CASE ( 2 ) |
---|
873 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
874 | DO j = nysv, nyn |
---|
875 | DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_v_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
876 | |
---|
877 | kk = k - nzb_v_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
878 | ! |
---|
879 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
880 | !-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to |
---|
881 | !-- lad_s(k,j,i), rather than being interpolated from the |
---|
882 | !-- surrounding lad_s, because this would yield smaller lad |
---|
883 | !-- at the canopy boundaries than inside of the canopy. |
---|
884 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1) canopy |
---|
885 | !-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
886 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
887 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp )& |
---|
888 | THEN |
---|
889 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i) |
---|
890 | ENDIF |
---|
891 | |
---|
892 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
893 | pre_v = 0.0_wp |
---|
894 | ! |
---|
895 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
896 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
897 | lad_local * & |
---|
898 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
899 | u(k,j-1,i+1) + & |
---|
900 | u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
901 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
902 | )**2 + & |
---|
903 | v(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
904 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + & |
---|
905 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
906 | w(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
907 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
908 | )**2 & |
---|
909 | ) * & |
---|
910 | v(k,j,i) |
---|
911 | |
---|
912 | ! |
---|
913 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
914 | pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
915 | ! |
---|
916 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
917 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
918 | IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN |
---|
919 | pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
920 | ELSE |
---|
921 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
922 | ENDIF |
---|
923 | ! |
---|
924 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
925 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
926 | |
---|
927 | ENDDO |
---|
928 | ENDDO |
---|
929 | ENDDO |
---|
930 | |
---|
931 | ! |
---|
932 | !-- w-component |
---|
933 | CASE ( 3 ) |
---|
934 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
935 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
936 | DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_w_inner(j,i)+pch_index-1 |
---|
937 | |
---|
938 | kk = k - nzb_w_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
939 | |
---|
940 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
941 | pre_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
942 | ! |
---|
943 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
944 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
945 | (0.5_wp * & |
---|
946 | ( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * & |
---|
947 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
948 | u(k,j,i+1) + & |
---|
949 | u(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
950 | u(k+1,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
951 | )**2 + & |
---|
952 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
953 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
954 | v(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
955 | v(k+1,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
956 | )**2 + & |
---|
957 | w(k,j,i)**2 & |
---|
958 | ) * & |
---|
959 | w(k,j,i) |
---|
960 | ! |
---|
961 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
962 | pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
963 | ! |
---|
964 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
965 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
966 | IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN |
---|
967 | pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
968 | ELSE |
---|
969 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
970 | ENDIF |
---|
971 | ! |
---|
972 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
973 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
974 | |
---|
975 | ENDDO |
---|
976 | ENDDO |
---|
977 | ENDDO |
---|
978 | |
---|
979 | ! |
---|
980 | !-- potential temperature |
---|
981 | CASE ( 4 ) |
---|
982 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
983 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
984 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
985 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
986 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pc_heating_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
987 | ENDDO |
---|
988 | ENDDO |
---|
989 | ENDDO |
---|
990 | |
---|
991 | ! |
---|
992 | !-- humidity |
---|
993 | CASE ( 5 ) |
---|
994 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
995 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
996 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
997 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
998 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
999 | lsec * & |
---|
1000 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1001 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1002 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1003 | )**2 + & |
---|
1004 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1005 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1006 | )**2 + & |
---|
1007 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1008 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1009 | )**2 & |
---|
1010 | ) * & |
---|
1011 | ( q(k,j,i) - lsc ) |
---|
1012 | ENDDO |
---|
1013 | ENDDO |
---|
1014 | ENDDO |
---|
1015 | |
---|
1016 | ! |
---|
1017 | !-- sgs-tke |
---|
1018 | CASE ( 6 ) |
---|
1019 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1020 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1021 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1022 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1023 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
1024 | 2.0_wp * cdc * & |
---|
1025 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1026 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1027 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1028 | )**2 + & |
---|
1029 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1030 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1031 | )**2 + & |
---|
1032 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1033 | w(k+1,j,i) ) & |
---|
1034 | )**2 & |
---|
1035 | ) * & |
---|
1036 | e(k,j,i) |
---|
1037 | ENDDO |
---|
1038 | ENDDO |
---|
1039 | ENDDO |
---|
1040 | ! |
---|
1041 | !-- scalar concentration |
---|
1042 | CASE ( 7 ) |
---|
1043 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
1044 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1045 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1046 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1047 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
1048 | lsec * & |
---|
1049 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1050 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1051 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1052 | )**2 + & |
---|
1053 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1054 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1055 | )**2 + & |
---|
1056 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1057 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1058 | )**2 & |
---|
1059 | ) * & |
---|
1060 | ( s(k,j,i) - lsc ) |
---|
1061 | ENDDO |
---|
1062 | ENDDO |
---|
1063 | ENDDO |
---|
1064 | |
---|
1065 | |
---|
1066 | |
---|
1067 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
1068 | |
---|
1069 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component |
---|
1070 | CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1071 | |
---|
1072 | END SELECT |
---|
1073 | |
---|
1074 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency |
---|
1075 | |
---|
1076 | |
---|
1077 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1078 | ! Description: |
---|
1079 | ! ------------ |
---|
1080 | !> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant |
---|
1081 | !> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities. |
---|
1082 | !> |
---|
1083 | !> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 |
---|
1084 | !> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init. |
---|
1085 | !> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding |
---|
1086 | !> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at |
---|
1087 | !> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero. |
---|
1088 | !> |
---|
1089 | !> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of |
---|
1090 | !> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
---|
1091 | !> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy |
---|
1092 | !> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This |
---|
1093 | !> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities. |
---|
1094 | !> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different |
---|
1095 | !> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that |
---|
1096 | !> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag. |
---|
1097 | !> |
---|
1098 | !> |
---|
1099 | !> Call for grid point i,j |
---|
1100 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1101 | SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij( i, j, component ) |
---|
1102 | |
---|
1103 | |
---|
1104 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
1105 | ONLY: dt_3d, message_string |
---|
1106 | |
---|
1107 | USE kinds |
---|
1108 | |
---|
1109 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
1110 | |
---|
1111 | INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e) |
---|
1112 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
1113 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
1114 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
1115 | INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays |
---|
1116 | |
---|
1117 | REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d) |
---|
1118 | REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value |
---|
1119 | REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency |
---|
1120 | REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value |
---|
1121 | REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value |
---|
1122 | REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value |
---|
1123 | |
---|
1124 | |
---|
1125 | ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d |
---|
1126 | |
---|
1127 | ! |
---|
1128 | !-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE |
---|
1129 | SELECT CASE ( component ) |
---|
1130 | |
---|
1131 | ! |
---|
1132 | !-- u-component |
---|
1133 | CASE ( 1 ) |
---|
1134 | DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_u_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1135 | |
---|
1136 | kk = k - nzb_u_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1137 | ! |
---|
1138 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
1139 | !-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
1140 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
1141 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
1142 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
1143 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy |
---|
1144 | !-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
1145 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
1146 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1147 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1) |
---|
1148 | ENDIF |
---|
1149 | |
---|
1150 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
1151 | pre_u = 0.0_wp |
---|
1152 | ! |
---|
1153 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
1154 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
1155 | lad_local * & |
---|
1156 | SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
1157 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
1158 | v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1159 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
1160 | v(k,j+1,i-1) ) & |
---|
1161 | )**2 + & |
---|
1162 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + & |
---|
1163 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1164 | w(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
1165 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1166 | )**2 & |
---|
1167 | ) * & |
---|
1168 | u(k,j,i) |
---|
1169 | |
---|
1170 | ! |
---|
1171 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
1172 | pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
1173 | ! |
---|
1174 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
1175 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
1176 | IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN |
---|
1177 | pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
1178 | ELSE |
---|
1179 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
1180 | ENDIF |
---|
1181 | ! |
---|
1182 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
1183 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
1184 | ENDDO |
---|
1185 | |
---|
1186 | |
---|
1187 | ! |
---|
1188 | !-- v-component |
---|
1189 | CASE ( 2 ) |
---|
1190 | DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_v_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1191 | |
---|
1192 | kk = k - nzb_v_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1193 | ! |
---|
1194 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
1195 | !-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
1196 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
1197 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
1198 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
1199 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy |
---|
1200 | !-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
1201 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i) |
---|
1202 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1203 | lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i) |
---|
1204 | ENDIF |
---|
1205 | |
---|
1206 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
1207 | pre_v = 0.0_wp |
---|
1208 | ! |
---|
1209 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
1210 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
1211 | lad_local * & |
---|
1212 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
1213 | u(k,j-1,i+1) + & |
---|
1214 | u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1215 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1216 | )**2 + & |
---|
1217 | v(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
1218 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + & |
---|
1219 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1220 | w(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
1221 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1222 | )**2 & |
---|
1223 | ) * & |
---|
1224 | v(k,j,i) |
---|
1225 | |
---|
1226 | ! |
---|
1227 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
1228 | pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
1229 | ! |
---|
1230 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
1231 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
1232 | IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN |
---|
1233 | pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
1234 | ELSE |
---|
1235 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
1236 | ENDIF |
---|
1237 | ! |
---|
1238 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
1239 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
1240 | ENDDO |
---|
1241 | |
---|
1242 | |
---|
1243 | ! |
---|
1244 | !-- w-component |
---|
1245 | CASE ( 3 ) |
---|
1246 | DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_w_inner(j,i)+pch_index-1 |
---|
1247 | |
---|
1248 | kk = k - nzb_w_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1249 | |
---|
1250 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
1251 | pre_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
1252 | ! |
---|
1253 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
1254 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
1255 | (0.5_wp * & |
---|
1256 | ( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * & |
---|
1257 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1258 | u(k,j,i+1) + & |
---|
1259 | u(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1260 | u(k+1,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1261 | )**2 + & |
---|
1262 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1263 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
1264 | v(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
1265 | v(k+1,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1266 | )**2 + & |
---|
1267 | w(k,j,i)**2 & |
---|
1268 | ) * & |
---|
1269 | w(k,j,i) |
---|
1270 | ! |
---|
1271 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
1272 | pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
1273 | ! |
---|
1274 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
1275 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
1276 | IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN |
---|
1277 | pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
1278 | ELSE |
---|
1279 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
1280 | ENDIF |
---|
1281 | ! |
---|
1282 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
1283 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
1284 | ENDDO |
---|
1285 | |
---|
1286 | ! |
---|
1287 | !-- potential temperature |
---|
1288 | CASE ( 4 ) |
---|
1289 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1290 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1291 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pc_heating_rate(kk,j,i) |
---|
1292 | ENDDO |
---|
1293 | |
---|
1294 | |
---|
1295 | ! |
---|
1296 | !-- humidity |
---|
1297 | CASE ( 5 ) |
---|
1298 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1299 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1300 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
1301 | lsec * & |
---|
1302 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1303 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1304 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1305 | )**2 + & |
---|
1306 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1307 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1308 | )**2 + & |
---|
1309 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1310 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1311 | )**2 & |
---|
1312 | ) * & |
---|
1313 | ( q(k,j,i) - lsc ) |
---|
1314 | ENDDO |
---|
1315 | |
---|
1316 | ! |
---|
1317 | !-- sgs-tke |
---|
1318 | CASE ( 6 ) |
---|
1319 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1320 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1321 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
1322 | 2.0_wp * cdc * & |
---|
1323 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1324 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1325 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1326 | )**2 + & |
---|
1327 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1328 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1329 | )**2 + & |
---|
1330 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1331 | w(k+1,j,i) ) & |
---|
1332 | )**2 & |
---|
1333 | ) * & |
---|
1334 | e(k,j,i) |
---|
1335 | ENDDO |
---|
1336 | |
---|
1337 | ! |
---|
1338 | !-- scalar concentration |
---|
1339 | CASE ( 7 ) |
---|
1340 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzb_s_inner(j,i)+pch_index |
---|
1341 | kk = k - nzb_s_inner(j,i) !- lad arrays are defined flat |
---|
1342 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
1343 | lsec * & |
---|
1344 | lad_s(kk,j,i) * & |
---|
1345 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1346 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
1347 | )**2 + & |
---|
1348 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
1349 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
1350 | )**2 + & |
---|
1351 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
1352 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
1353 | )**2 & |
---|
1354 | ) * & |
---|
1355 | ( s(k,j,i) - lsc ) |
---|
1356 | ENDDO |
---|
1357 | |
---|
1358 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
1359 | |
---|
1360 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component |
---|
1361 | CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1362 | |
---|
1363 | END SELECT |
---|
1364 | |
---|
1365 | END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij |
---|
1366 | |
---|
1367 | |
---|
1368 | |
---|
1369 | END MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod |
---|