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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 @ 4448

Last change on this file since 4448 was 4448, checked in by moh.hefny, 5 years ago
bugfix: removed the error message PA0672 to consider allow PC 3d data via ascii file
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 109.8 KB

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[1826]	1	!> @file plant_canopy_model_mod.f90
[2000]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1036]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1036]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[4360]	17	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[4392]	18	! Copyright 2017-2020 Institute of Computer Science of the
[3885]	19	! Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague
[2000]	20	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1036]	21	!
[257]	22	! Current revisions:
[2977]	23	! ------------------
[2214]	24	!
[4226]	25	!
[2214]	26	! Former revisions:
	27	! -----------------
[4448]	28	!
[2214]	29	! $Id: plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 4448 2020-03-09 09:29:12Z moh.hefny $
[4448]	30	! (salim) removed the error message PA0672 to consider PC 3d data via ascii file
	31	!
	32	! 4392 2020-01-31 16:14:57Z pavelkrc (resler)
	33	! Make pcm_heatrate_av, pcm_latentrate_av public to allow calculation
[4392]	34	! of averaged Bowen ratio in the user procedure
	35	!
	36	! 4381 2020-01-20 13:51:46Z suehring
[4381]	37	! Give error message 313 only once
	38	!
	39	! 4363 2020-01-07 18:11:28Z suehring
[4363]	40	! Fix for last commit
	41	!
	42	! 4362 2020-01-07 17:15:02Z suehring
[4362]	43	! Input of plant canopy variables from static driver moved to plant-canopy
	44	! model
	45	!
	46	! 4361 2020-01-07 12:22:38Z suehring
[4361]	47	! - Remove unused arrays in pmc_rrd_local
	48	! - Remove one exchange of ghost points
	49	!
	50	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
[4360]	51	! - Bugfix, read restart data for time-averaged pcm output quantities
	52	! - Output of plant-canopy quantities will fill values
	53	!
	54	! 4356 2019-12-20 17:09:33Z suehring
[4356]	55	! Correct single message call, local check must be given by the respective
	56	! mpi rank.
	57	!
	58	! 4346 2019-12-18 11:55:56Z motisi
[4346]	59	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static
	60	! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0
	61	!
	62	! 4342 2019-12-16 13:49:14Z Giersch
[4342]	63	! Use statements moved to module level, ocean dependency removed, redundant
	64	! variables removed
	65	!
	66	! 4341 2019-12-16 10:43:49Z motisi
[4341]	67	! - Unification of variable names: pc_-variables now pcm_-variables
	68	! (pc_latent_rate, pc_heating_rate, pc_transpiration_rate)
	69	! - Removal of pcm_bowenratio output
	70	! - Renamed canopy-mode 'block' to 'homogeneous'
	71	! - Renamed value 'read_from_file_3d' to 'read_from_file'
	72	! - Removal of confusing comment lines
	73	! - Replacement of k_wall by topo_top_ind
	74	! - Removal of Else-Statement in tendency-calculation
	75	!
	76	! 4335 2019-12-12 16:39:05Z suehring
[4335]	77	! Fix for LAD at building edges also implemented in vector branch.
	78	!
	79	! 4331 2019-12-10 18:25:02Z suehring
[4331]	80	! Typo corrected
	81	!
	82	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
[4329]	83	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
	84	!
	85	! 4314 2019-11-29 10:29:20Z suehring
[4314]	86	! - Bugfix, plant canopy was still considered at building edges on for the u-
	87	! and v-component.
	88	! - Relax restriction of LAD on building tops. LAD is only omitted at
	89	! locations where building grid points emerged artificially by the
	90	! topography filtering.
	91	!
	92	! 4309 2019-11-26 18:49:59Z suehring
[4309]	93	! Typo
	94	!
	95	! 4302 2019-11-22 13:15:56Z suehring
[4302]	96	! Omit tall canopy mapped on top of buildings
	97	!
	98	! 4279 2019-10-29 08:48:17Z scharf
[4279]	99	! unused variables removed
	100	!
	101	! 4258 2019-10-07 13:29:08Z scharf
[4278]	102	! changed check for static driver and fixed bugs in initialization and header
	103	!
	104	! 4258 2019-10-07 13:29:08Z suehring
[4258]	105	! Check if any LAD is prescribed when plant-canopy model is applied.
	106	!
	107	! 4226 2019-09-10 17:03:24Z suehring
[4226]	108	! Bugfix, missing initialization of heating rate
	109	!
	110	! 4221 2019-09-09 08:50:35Z suehring
[4220]	111	! Further bugfix in 3d data output for plant canopy
	112	!
	113	! 4216 2019-09-04 09:09:03Z suehring
[4216]	114	! Bugfixes in 3d data output
	115	!
	116	! 4205 2019-08-30 13:25:00Z suehring
[4205]	117	! Missing working precision + bugfix in calculation of wind speed
	118	!
	119	! 4188 2019-08-26 14:15:47Z suehring
[4188]	120	! Minor adjustment in error number
	121	!
	122	! 4187 2019-08-26 12:43:15Z suehring
[4187]	123	! Give specific error numbers instead of PA0999
	124	!
	125	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
[4182]	126	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	127	!
	128	! 4168 2019-08-16 13:50:17Z suehring
[4168]	129	! Replace function get_topography_top_index by topo_top_ind
	130	!
	131	! 4127 2019-07-30 14:47:10Z suehring
[4127]	132	! Output of 3D plant canopy variables changed. It is now relative to the local
	133	! terrain rather than located at the acutal vertical level in the model. This
	134	! way, the vertical dimension of the output can be significantly reduced.
	135	! (merge from branch resler)
	136	!
	137	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
[3885]	138	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
	139	! of additional debug messages
	140	!
	141	! 3864 2019-04-05 09:01:56Z monakurppa
[3761]	142	! unsed variables removed
	143	!
	144	! 3745 2019-02-15 18:57:56Z suehring
[3745]	145	! Bugfix in transpiration, floating invalid when temperature
	146	! becomes > 40 degrees
	147	!
	148	! 3744 2019-02-15 18:38:58Z suehring
[3685]	149	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
	150	!
	151	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
[3614]	152	! unused variables removed
[3498]	153	!
[4182]	154	! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel
	155	! Initial revision
	156	!
[138]	157	! Description:
	158	! ------------
[1682]	159	!> 1) Initialization of the canopy model, e.g. construction of leaf area density
[1826]	160	!> profile (subroutine pcm_init).
[1682]	161	!> 2) Calculation of sinks and sources of momentum, heat and scalar concentration
[1826]	162	!> due to canopy elements (subroutine pcm_tendency).
[3744]	163	!
	164	! @todo - precalculate constant terms in pcm_calc_transpiration_rate
[4216]	165	! @todo - unify variable names (pcm_, pc_, ...)
[138]	166	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1682]	167	MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod
[4360]	168
[1484]	169	USE arrays_3d, &
[3449]	170	ONLY: dzu, dzw, e, exner, hyp, pt, q, s, tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[138]	171
[3449]	172	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
	173	ONLY: c_p, degc_to_k, l_v, lv_d_cp, r_d, rd_d_rv
[4360]	174
[4342]	175	USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, &
	176	ONLY: bulk_cloud_model, microphysics_seifert
[3449]	177
[3885]	178	USE control_parameters, &
[4360]	179	ONLY: average_count_3d, &
	180	coupling_char, &
	181	debug_output, &
	182	dt_3d, &
	183	dz, &
	184	humidity, &
	185	length, &
	186	message_string, &
	187	ocean_mode, &
	188	passive_scalar, &
	189	plant_canopy, &
	190	restart_string, &
	191	urban_surface
	192
[4342]	193	USE grid_variables, &
	194	ONLY: dx, dy
[3449]	195
[1484]	196	USE indices, &
	197	ONLY: nbgp, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxr, nxrg, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nysv, &
[4346]	198	nz, nzb, nzt, topo_top_ind, wall_flags_total_0
[1484]	199
	200	USE kinds
[4360]	201
[4342]	202	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
[4362]	203	ONLY: input_pids_static, &
	204	char_fill, &
	205	check_existence, &
	206	close_input_file, &
	207	get_attribute, &
	208	get_dimension_length, &
	209	get_variable, &
	210	inquire_num_variables, &
	211	inquire_variable_names, &
	212	input_file_static, &
	213	num_var_pids, &
	214	open_read_file, &
	215	pids_id, &
	216	real_3d, &
	217	vars_pids
[1484]	218
[3449]	219	USE pegrid
[4360]	220
[4342]	221	USE surface_mod, &
	222	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_lsm_h, surf_usm_h
[3449]	223
[1484]	224
	225	IMPLICIT NONE
	226
[4341]	227	CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: canopy_mode = 'homogeneous' !< canopy coverage
[3449]	228	LOGICAL :: plant_canopy_transpiration = .FALSE. !< flag to switch calculation of transpiration and corresponding latent heat
	229	!< for resolved plant canopy inside radiation model
	230	!< (calls subroutine pcm_calc_transpiration_rate from module plant_canopy_mod)
[1484]	231
[3449]	232	INTEGER(iwp) :: pch_index = 0 !< plant canopy height/top index
	233	INTEGER(iwp) :: lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(10) = -9999 !< lad-profile levels (index)
[1484]	234
[3449]	235	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pch_index_ji !< local plant canopy top
[2696]	236
[3449]	237	LOGICAL :: calc_beta_lad_profile = .FALSE. !< switch for calc. of lad from beta func.
[1484]	238
[2696]	239	REAL(wp) :: alpha_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation
	240	REAL(wp) :: beta_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation
	241	REAL(wp) :: canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy drag coefficient (parameter)
	242	REAL(wp) :: cthf = 0.0_wp !< canopy top heat flux
	243	REAL(wp) :: dt_plant_canopy = 0.0_wp !< timestep account. for canopy drag
	244	REAL(wp) :: ext_coef = 0.6_wp !< extinction coefficient
	245	REAL(wp) :: lad_surface = 0.0_wp !< lad surface value
	246	REAL(wp) :: lai_beta = 0.0_wp !< leaf area index (lai) for lad calc.
	247	REAL(wp) :: leaf_scalar_exch_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy scalar exchange coeff.
	248	REAL(wp) :: leaf_surface_conc = 0.0_wp !< leaf surface concentration
[1484]	249
[2696]	250	REAL(wp) :: lad_vertical_gradient(10) = 0.0_wp !< lad gradient
	251	REAL(wp) :: lad_vertical_gradient_level(10) = -9999999.9_wp !< lad-prof. levels (in m)
[1484]	252
[2977]	253	REAL(wp) :: lad_type_coef(0:10) = 1.0_wp !< multiplicative coeficients for particular types
	254	!< of plant canopy (e.g. deciduous tree during winter)
	255
[1682]	256	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad !< leaf area density
	257	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pre_lad !< preliminary lad
[1484]	258
[4127]	259	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: cum_lai_hf !< cumulative lai for heatflux calc.
	260	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad_s !< lad on scalar-grid
[4341]	261	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_heating_rate !< plant canopy heating rate
	262	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_transpiration_rate !< plant canopy transpiration rate
	263	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_latent_rate !< plant canopy latent heating rate
[1484]	264
[4127]	265	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_heatrate_av !< array for averaging plant canopy sensible heating rate
	266	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_latentrate_av !< array for averaging plant canopy latent heating rate
	267	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pcm_transpirationrate_av !< array for averaging plant canopy transpiration rate
	268
[4362]	269	TYPE(real_3d) :: basal_area_density_f !< input variable for basal area density - resolved vegetation
	270	TYPE(real_3d) :: leaf_area_density_f !< input variable for leaf area density - resolved vegetation
	271	TYPE(real_3d) :: root_area_density_lad_f !< input variable for root area density - resolved vegetation
	272
[1484]	273	SAVE
	274
[138]	275	PRIVATE
[4342]	276
[1826]	277	!
	278	!-- Public functions
[4360]	279	PUBLIC pcm_calc_transpiration_rate, &
	280	pcm_check_data_output, &
	281	pcm_check_parameters, &
	282	pcm_3d_data_averaging, &
	283	pcm_data_output_3d, &
	284	pcm_define_netcdf_grid, &
	285	pcm_header, &
	286	pcm_init, &
	287	pcm_parin, &
	288	pcm_rrd_local, &
	289	pcm_tendency, &
	290	pcm_wrd_local
[138]	291
[1826]	292	!
	293	!-- Public variables and constants
[4342]	294	PUBLIC canopy_drag_coeff, pcm_heating_rate, pcm_transpiration_rate, &
	295	pcm_latent_rate, canopy_mode, cthf, dt_plant_canopy, lad, lad_s, &
[4392]	296	pch_index, plant_canopy_transpiration, &
	297	pcm_heatrate_av, pcm_latentrate_av
[1484]	298
[3449]	299	INTERFACE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate
	300	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate
	301	END INTERFACE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate
	302
[2209]	303	INTERFACE pcm_check_data_output
	304	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_data_output
	305	END INTERFACE pcm_check_data_output
	306
[1826]	307	INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters
	308	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_parameters
[2209]	309	END INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters
	310
[4127]	311	INTERFACE pcm_3d_data_averaging
	312	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_3d_data_averaging
	313	END INTERFACE pcm_3d_data_averaging
	314
[2209]	315	INTERFACE pcm_data_output_3d
	316	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_data_output_3d
	317	END INTERFACE pcm_data_output_3d
	318
	319	INTERFACE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
	320	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
	321	END INTERFACE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
[1826]	322
	323	INTERFACE pcm_header
	324	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_header
	325	END INTERFACE pcm_header
	326
	327	INTERFACE pcm_init
	328	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_init
	329	END INTERFACE pcm_init
[138]	330
[1826]	331	INTERFACE pcm_parin
	332	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_parin
[2007]	333	END INTERFACE pcm_parin
	334
	335	INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	336	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	337	END INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
[4360]	338
	339	INTERFACE pcm_rrd_local
	340	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_rrd_local
	341	END INTERFACE pcm_rrd_local
	342
[1826]	343	INTERFACE pcm_tendency
	344	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency
	345	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency_ij
	346	END INTERFACE pcm_tendency
[1484]	347
[4360]	348	INTERFACE pcm_wrd_local
	349	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_wrd_local
	350	END INTERFACE pcm_wrd_local
[1484]	351
[4360]	352
[138]	353	CONTAINS
[4342]	354
	355
[2209]	356	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	357	! Description:
	358	! ------------
[3449]	359	!> Calculation of the plant canopy transpiration rate based on the Jarvis-Stewart
	360	!> with parametrizations described in Daudet et al. (1999; Agricult. and Forest
	361	!> Meteorol. 97) and Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017; Agricult. and Forest Meteorol
	362	!> 237-238). Model functions f1-f4 were adapted from Stewart (1998; Agric.
	363	!> and Forest. Meteorol. 43) instead, because they are valid for broader intervals
	364	!> of values. Funcion f4 used in form present in van Wijk et al. (1998;
	365	!> Tree Physiology 20).
	366	!>
	367	!> This subroutine is called from subroutine radiation_interaction
	368	!> after the calculation of radiation in plant canopy boxes.
	369	!> (arrays pcbinsw and pcbinlw).
	370	!>
	371	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	372	SUBROUTINE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate(i, j, k, kk, pcbsw, pcblw, pcbtr, pcblh)
	373
[4342]	374	!
[3449]	375	!-- input parameters
[4205]	376	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: i, j, k, kk !< indices of the pc gridbox
	377	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: pcbsw !< sw radiation in gridbox (W)
	378	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: pcblw !< lw radiation in gridbox (W)
	379	REAL(wp), INTENT(OUT) :: pcbtr !< transpiration rate dq/dt (kg/kg/s)
	380	REAL(wp), INTENT(OUT) :: pcblh !< latent heat from transpiration dT/dt (K/s)
[3449]	381
	382	!-- variables and parameters for calculation of transpiration rate
[4205]	383	REAL(wp) :: sat_press, sat_press_d, temp, v_lad
	384	REAL(wp) :: d_fact, g_b, g_s, wind_speed, evapor_rate
	385	REAL(wp) :: f1, f2, f3, f4, vpd, rswc, e_eq, e_imp, rad
	386	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: gama_psychr = 66.0_wp !< psychrometric constant (Pa/K)
	387	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: g_s_max = 0.01 !< maximum stomatal conductivity (m/s)
	388	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: m_soil = 0.4_wp !< soil water content (needs to adjust or take from LSM)
	389	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: m_wilt = 0.01_wp !< wilting point soil water content (needs to adjust or take from LSM)
	390	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: m_sat = 0.51_wp !< saturation soil water content (needs to adjust or take from LSM)
	391	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: t2_min = 0.0_wp !< minimal temperature for calculation of f2
	392	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: t2_max = 40.0_wp !< maximal temperature for calculation of f2
[3449]	393
	394
	395	!-- Temperature (deg C)
	396	temp = pt(k,j,i) * exner(k) - degc_to_k
	397	!-- Coefficient for conversion of radiation to grid to radiation to unit leaves surface
[4205]	398	v_lad = 1.0_wp / ( MAX( lad_s(kk,j,i), 1.0E-10_wp ) * dx * dy * dz(1) )
[3449]	399	!-- Magnus formula for the saturation pressure (see Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) eq. 1)
	400	!-- There are updated formulas available, kept consistent with the rest of the parametrization
	401	sat_press = 610.8_wp * exp(17.27_wp * temp/(temp + 237.3_wp))
	402	!-- Saturation pressure derivative (derivative of the above)
	403	sat_press_d = sat_press * 17.27_wp * 237.3_wp / (temp + 237.3_wp)**2
	404	!-- Wind speed
[3744]	405	wind_speed = SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + u(k,j,i+1) ) )**2 + &
[4205]	406	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + v(k,j+1,i) ) )**2 + &
	407	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + w(k-1,j,i) ) )**2 )
[3449]	408	!-- Aerodynamic conductivity (Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 14
	409	g_b = 0.01_wp * wind_speed + 0.0071_wp
	410	!-- Radiation flux per leaf surface unit
	411	rad = pcbsw * v_lad
	412	!-- First function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (radiation dependency)
	413	!-- Stewart (1988; Agric. and Forest. Meteorol. 43) eq. 17
[4205]	414	f1 = rad * (1000.0_wp+42.1_wp) / 1000.0_wp / (rad+42.1_wp)
[3449]	415	!-- Second function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (temperature dependency)
	416	!-- Stewart (1988; Agric. and Forest. Meteorol. 43) eq. 21
[3744]	417	f2 = MAX(t2_min, (temp-t2_min) * MAX(0.0_wp,t2_max-temp)**((t2_max-16.9_wp)/(16.9_wp-t2_min)) / &
[3449]	418	((16.9_wp-t2_min) * (t2_max-16.9_wp)**((t2_max-16.9_wp)/(16.9_wp-t2_min))) )
	419	!-- Water pressure deficit
	420	!-- Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) eq. 6 but with water vapour partial pressure
	421	vpd = max( sat_press - q(k,j,i) * hyp(k) / rd_d_rv, 0._wp )
	422	!-- Third function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (water pressure deficit dependency)
	423	!-- Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) Table 1, limited from below according to Stewart (1988)
	424	!-- The coefficients of the linear dependence should better correspond to broad-leaved trees
	425	!-- than the coefficients from Stewart (1988) which correspond to conifer trees.
	426	vpd = MIN(MAX(vpd,770.0_wp),3820.0_wp)
[4205]	427	f3 = -2E-4_wp * vpd + 1.154_wp
[3449]	428	!-- Fourth function for calculation of stomatal conductivity (soil moisture dependency)
	429	!-- Residual soil water content
	430	!-- van Wijk et al. (1998; Tree Physiology 20) eq. 7
	431	!-- TODO - over LSM surface might be calculated from LSM parameters
	432	rswc = ( m_sat - m_soil ) / ( m_sat - m_wilt )
	433	!-- van Wijk et al. (1998; Tree Physiology 20) eq. 5-6 (it is a reformulation of eq. 22-23 of Stewart(1988))
[4205]	434	f4 = MAX(0.0_wp, MIN(1.0_wp - 0.041_wp * EXP(3.2_wp * rswc), 1.0_wp - 0.041_wp))
[3449]	435	!-- Stomatal conductivity
	436	!-- Stewart (1988; Agric. and Forest. Meteorol. 43) eq. 12
	437	!-- (notation according to Ngao, Adam and Saudreau (2017) and others)
[4205]	438	g_s = g_s_max * f1 * f2 * f3 * f4 + 1.0E-10_wp
[3449]	439	!-- Decoupling factor
	440	!-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 6
[4205]	441	d_fact = (sat_press_d / gama_psychr + 2.0_wp ) / &
	442	(sat_press_d / gama_psychr + 2.0_wp + 2.0_wp * g_b / g_s )
[3449]	443	!-- Equilibrium evaporation rate
	444	!-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 4
	445	e_eq = (pcbsw + pcblw) * v_lad * sat_press_d / &
	446	gama_psychr /( sat_press_d / gama_psychr + 2.0_wp ) / l_v
	447	!-- Imposed evaporation rate
	448	!-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 5
	449	e_imp = r_d * pt(k,j,i) * exner(k) / hyp(k) * c_p * g_s * vpd / gama_psychr / l_v
	450	!-- Evaporation rate
	451	!-- Daudet et al. (1999) eq. 3
	452	!-- (evaporation rate is limited to non-negative values)
	453	evapor_rate = MAX(d_fact * e_eq + ( 1.0_wp - d_fact ) * e_imp, 0.0_wp)
	454	!-- Conversion of evaporation rate to q tendency in gridbox
	455	!-- dq/dt = E * LAD * V_g / (rho_air * V_g)
	456	pcbtr = evapor_rate * r_d * pt(k,j,i) * exner(k) * lad_s(kk,j,i) / hyp(k) !-- = dq/dt
	457	!-- latent heat from evaporation
	458	pcblh = pcbtr * lv_d_cp !-- = - dT/dt
	459
	460	END SUBROUTINE pcm_calc_transpiration_rate
	461
	462
	463	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	464	! Description:
	465	! ------------
[2209]	466	!> Check data output for plant canopy model
	467	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	468	SUBROUTINE pcm_check_data_output( var, unit )
[4279]	469
[2209]	470	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
	471	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !<
	472
	473
	474	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
	475
	476	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
[2770]	477	IF ( cthf == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
[2768]	478	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
	479	'res setting of parameter cthf /= 0.0'
	480	CALL message( 'pcm_check_data_output', 'PA1000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	481	ENDIF
[2209]	482	unit = 'K s-1'
	483
[3014]	484	CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' )
	485	unit = 'kg kg-1 s-1'
	486
[3449]	487	CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' )
	488	unit = 'K s-1'
	489
[2209]	490	CASE ( 'pcm_lad' )
	491	unit = 'm2 m-3'
	492
	493
	494	CASE DEFAULT
	495	unit = 'illegal'
	496
	497	END SELECT
	498
	499
	500	END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_data_output
	501
	502
[1826]	503	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	504	! Description:
	505	! ------------
	506	!> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model
	507	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	508	SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters
[4342]	509
	510	IF ( ocean_mode ) THEN
	511	message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. is not allowed in the '// &
	512	'ocean'
	513	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0696', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	514	ENDIF
	515
[1826]	516	IF ( canopy_drag_coeff == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	517	message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires a non-zero drag '// &
[3046]	518	'coefficient & given value is canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0'
[2768]	519	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0041', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	520	ENDIF
[4279]	521
[3045]	522	IF ( ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR.&
[1826]	523	beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. alpha_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	524	message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // &
	525	'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // &
	526	'both alpha_lad and beta_lad to be /= 9999999.9'
[2768]	527	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0118', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	528	ENDIF
[4279]	529
[1826]	530	IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lai_beta == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	531	message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // &
	532	'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // &
	533	'a non-zero lai_beta, but given value is ' // &
	534	'lai_beta = 0.0'
[2768]	535	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0119', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	536	ENDIF
	537
	538	IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lad_surface /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2274]	539	message_string = 'simultaneous setting of alpha_lad /= 9999999.9 '// &
	540	'combined with beta_lad /= 9999999.9 ' // &
[1826]	541	'and lad_surface /= 0.0 is not possible, ' // &
	542	'use either vertical gradients or the beta ' // &
	543	'function for the construction of the leaf area '// &
	544	'density profile'
[2768]	545	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0120', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	546	ENDIF
	547
[3274]	548	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
[1826]	549	message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires cloud_scheme /=' // &
	550	' seifert_beheng'
[2768]	551	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0360', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	552	ENDIF
	553
	554	END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters
	555
	556
[138]	557	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2209]	558	!
[1484]	559	! Description:
	560	! ------------
[4127]	561	!> Subroutine for averaging 3D data
[2209]	562	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4216]	563	SUBROUTINE pcm_3d_data_averaging( mode, variable )
[4127]	564
	565	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: mode !<
	566	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
	567
	568	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	569	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	570	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
	571
	572
	573	IF ( mode == 'allocate' ) THEN
	574
	575	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
	576
	577	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
	578	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN
	579	ALLOCATE( pcm_heatrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	580	ENDIF
	581	pcm_heatrate_av = 0.0_wp
	582
	583
	584	CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' )
	585	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN
	586	ALLOCATE( pcm_latentrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	587	ENDIF
	588	pcm_latentrate_av = 0.0_wp
	589
	590
	591	CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' )
	592	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN
	593	ALLOCATE( pcm_transpirationrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	594	ENDIF
	595	pcm_transpirationrate_av = 0.0_wp
	596
	597	CASE DEFAULT
	598	CONTINUE
	599
	600	END SELECT
	601
	602	ELSEIF ( mode == 'sum' ) THEN
	603
	604	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
	605
	606	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
	607	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN
	608	DO i = nxl, nxr
	609	DO j = nys, nyn
	610	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
	611	DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i)
[4341]	612	pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(k,j,i)
[4127]	613	ENDDO
	614	ENDIF
	615	ENDDO
	616	ENDDO
	617	ENDIF
	618
	619
	620	CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' )
	621	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN
	622	DO i = nxl, nxr
	623	DO j = nys, nyn
	624	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
	625	DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i)
[4341]	626	pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) + pcm_latent_rate(k,j,i)
[4127]	627	ENDDO
	628	ENDIF
	629	ENDDO
	630	ENDDO
	631	ENDIF
	632
	633
	634	CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' )
	635	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN
	636	DO i = nxl, nxr
	637	DO j = nys, nyn
	638	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
	639	DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i)
[4341]	640	pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) + pcm_transpiration_rate(k,j,i)
[4127]	641	ENDDO
	642	ENDIF
	643	ENDDO
	644	ENDDO
	645	ENDIF
	646
	647	CASE DEFAULT
	648	CONTINUE
	649
	650	END SELECT
	651
	652	ELSEIF ( mode == 'average' ) THEN
	653
	654	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
	655
	656	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
	657	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN
	658	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	659	DO j = nysg, nyng
	660	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
	661	DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i)
	662	pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i) &
	663	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
	664	ENDDO
	665	ENDIF
	666	ENDDO
	667	ENDDO
	668	ENDIF
	669
	670
	671	CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' )
	672	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN
	673	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	674	DO j = nysg, nyng
	675	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
	676	DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i)
	677	pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i) &
	678	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
	679	ENDDO
	680	ENDIF
	681	ENDDO
	682	ENDDO
	683	ENDIF
	684
	685
	686	CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' )
	687	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN
	688	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	689	DO j = nysg, nyng
	690	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
	691	DO k = 0, pch_index_ji(j,i)
	692	pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) = pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i) &
	693	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
	694	ENDDO
	695	ENDIF
	696	ENDDO
	697	ENDDO
	698	ENDIF
	699
	700	END SELECT
	701
	702	ENDIF
	703
[4216]	704	END SUBROUTINE pcm_3d_data_averaging
[4127]	705
	706	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	707	!
	708	! Description:
	709	! ------------
	710	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables.
	711	!> Note, 3D plant-canopy output has it's own vertical output dimension, meaning
	712	!> that 3D output is relative to the model surface now rather than at the actual
	713	!> grid point where the plant canopy is located.
	714	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3014]	715	SUBROUTINE pcm_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf, fill_value, &
	716	nzb_do, nzt_do )
[2209]	717
[4216]	718	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !< treated variable
[2209]	719
[4216]	720	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !< flag indicating instantaneous or averaged data output
	721	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x-direction
	722	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y-direction
	723	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z-direction
[3014]	724	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_do !< lower limit of the data output (usually 0)
	725	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_do !< vertical upper limit of the data output (usually nz_do3d)
[2209]	726
[4216]	727	LOGICAL :: found !< flag indicating if variable is found
[2209]	728
[4216]	729	REAL(wp) :: fill_value !< fill value
	730	REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_do:nzt_do) :: local_pf !< data output array
[2209]	731
	732
	733	found = .TRUE.
	734
[2696]	735	local_pf = REAL( fill_value, KIND = 4 )
[2209]	736
	737	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
[4216]	738	!
	739	!-- Note, to save memory arrays for heating are allocated from 0:pch_index.
	740	!-- Thus, output must be relative to these array indices. Further, check
	741	!-- whether the output is within the vertical output range,
[4220]	742	!-- i.e. nzb_do:nzt_do, which is necessary as local_pf is only allocated
	743	!-- for this index space. Note, plant-canopy output has a separate
	744	!-- vertical output coordinate zlad, so that output is mapped down to the
	745	!-- surface.
[4127]	746	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
	747	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
	748	DO i = nxl, nxr
	749	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	750	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4341]	751	local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_heating_rate(k,j,i)
[4216]	752	ENDDO
[4127]	753	ENDDO
	754	ENDDO
	755	ELSE
	756	DO i = nxl, nxr
	757	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	758	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4220]	759	local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_heatrate_av(k,j,i)
[4127]	760	ENDDO
	761	ENDDO
	762	ENDDO
	763	ENDIF
[3449]	764
	765	CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate' )
[4127]	766	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
	767	DO i = nxl, nxr
	768	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	769	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4341]	770	local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_latent_rate(k,j,i)
[4216]	771	ENDDO
[4127]	772	ENDDO
	773	ENDDO
	774	ELSE
	775	DO i = nxl, nxr
	776	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	777	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4220]	778	local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_latentrate_av(k,j,i)
[4127]	779	ENDDO
	780	ENDDO
	781	ENDDO
	782	ENDIF
[3449]	783
[4127]	784	CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate' )
	785	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
	786	DO i = nxl, nxr
	787	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	788	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4341]	789	local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_transpiration_rate(k,j,i)
[4216]	790	ENDDO
[4127]	791	ENDDO
	792	ENDDO
	793	ELSE
	794	DO i = nxl, nxr
	795	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	796	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4220]	797	local_pf(i,j,k) = pcm_transpirationrate_av(k,j,i)
[4127]	798	ENDDO
	799	ENDDO
	800	ENDDO
	801	ENDIF
	802
	803	CASE ( 'pcm_lad' )
	804	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
	805	DO i = nxl, nxr
	806	DO j = nys, nyn
[4360]	807	DO k = MAX( 1, nzb_do ), MIN( pch_index_ji(j,i), nzt_do )
[4220]	808	local_pf(i,j,k) = lad_s(k,j,i)
[4216]	809	ENDDO
[4127]	810	ENDDO
	811	ENDDO
	812	ENDIF
	813
[2209]	814	CASE DEFAULT
	815	found = .FALSE.
	816
	817	END SELECT
	818
	819	END SUBROUTINE pcm_data_output_3d
	820
	821	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	822	!
	823	! Description:
	824	! ------------
	825	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
	826	!> It is called from subroutine netcdf.
	827	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	828	SUBROUTINE pcm_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
	829
	830	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
	831	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
	832	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
	833	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
	834	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
	835
	836	found = .TRUE.
	837
	838	!
[4342]	839	!-- Check for the grid. zpc is zu(nzb:nzb+pch_index)
[2209]	840	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
	841
[4341]	842	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate', 'pcm_lad', 'pcm_transpirationrate', 'pcm_latentrate')
[2209]	843	grid_x = 'x'
	844	grid_y = 'y'
[4127]	845	grid_z = 'zpc'
[2209]	846
	847	CASE DEFAULT
	848	found = .FALSE.
	849	grid_x = 'none'
	850	grid_y = 'none'
	851	grid_z = 'none'
	852	END SELECT
	853
	854	END SUBROUTINE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
	855
	856
	857	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	858	! Description:
	859	! ------------
[1826]	860	!> Header output for plant canopy model
	861	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[4362]	862	SUBROUTINE pcm_header ( io )
[1826]	863
[4362]	864	CHARACTER (LEN=10) :: coor_chr !<
[1826]	865
[4362]	866	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: coordinates !<
	867	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: gradients !<
	868	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: leaf_area_density !<
	869	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: slices !<
[1826]	870
[4362]	871	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	872	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
	873	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
	874
	875	REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height (in m)
	876
	877	canopy_height = zw(pch_index)
[1826]	878
[4362]	879	WRITE ( io, 1 ) canopy_mode, canopy_height, pch_index, &
	880	canopy_drag_coeff
	881	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
	882	WRITE ( io, 2 ) leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, &
	883	leaf_surface_conc
	884	ENDIF
[1826]	885
	886	!
[4362]	887	! Heat flux at the top of vegetation
	888	WRITE ( io, 3 ) cthf
[1826]	889
	890	!
[4362]	891	! Leaf area density profile, calculated either from given vertical
	892	! gradients or from beta probability density function.
	893	IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN
[1826]	894
[4362]	895	! Building output strings, starting with surface value
	896	WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface
	897	gradients = '------'
	898	slices = ' 0'
	899	coordinates = ' 0.0'
	900	DO i = 1, UBOUND(lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind, DIM=1)
	901	IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) /= -9999 ) THEN
[1826]	902
[4362]	903	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i))
	904	leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
[1826]	905
[4362]	906	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad_vertical_gradient(i)
	907	gradients = TRIM( gradients ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
[1826]	908
[4362]	909	WRITE (coor_chr,'(I7)') lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i)
	910	slices = TRIM( slices ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
[1826]	911
[4362]	912	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') lad_vertical_gradient_level(i)
	913	coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
	914	ELSE
	915	EXIT
	916	ENDIF
	917	ENDDO
[1826]	918
[4362]	919	WRITE ( io, 4 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), &
	920	TRIM( gradients ), TRIM( slices )
[1826]	921
[4362]	922	ELSE
	923
	924	WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface
	925	coordinates = ' 0.0'
[1826]	926
[4362]	927	DO k = 1, pch_index
[1826]	928
[4362]	929	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(k)
	930	leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // &
	931	TRIM( coor_chr )
	932
	933	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') zu(k)
	934	coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
	935
	936	ENDDO
	937
	938	WRITE ( io, 5 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), &
	939	alpha_lad, beta_lad, lai_beta
[1826]	940
[4362]	941	ENDIF
[1826]	942
[4362]	943	1 FORMAT (//' Vegetation canopy (drag) model:'/ &
[1826]	944	' ------------------------------'// &
	945	' Canopy mode: ', A / &
	946	' Canopy height: ',F6.2,'m (',I4,' grid points)' / &
	947	' Leaf drag coefficient: ',F6.2 /)
[4362]	948	2 FORMAT (/ ' Scalar exchange coefficient: ',F6.2 / &
[1826]	949	' Scalar concentration at leaf surfaces in kg/m**3: ',F6.2 /)
[4362]	950	3 FORMAT (' Predefined constant heatflux at the top of the vegetation: ', &
	951	F6.2, ' K m/s')
	952	4 FORMAT (/ ' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density:'// &
[1826]	953	' Height: ',A,' m'/ &
	954	' Leaf area density: ',A,' m2/m3'/ &
	955	' Gradient: ',A,' m2/m4'/ &
	956	' Gridpoint: ',A)
[4362]	957	5 FORMAT (//' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density and coefficients:'&
[1826]	958	// ' Height: ',A,' m'/ &
	959	' Leaf area density: ',A,' m2/m3'/ &
	960	' Coefficient alpha: ',F6.2 / &
	961	' Coefficient beta: ',F6.2 / &
	962	' Leaf area index: ',F6.2,' m2/m2' /)
	963
	964	END SUBROUTINE pcm_header
	965
	966
	967	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	968	! Description:
	969	! ------------
[1682]	970	!> Initialization of the plant canopy model
[138]	971	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1826]	972	SUBROUTINE pcm_init
[1484]	973
[2007]	974	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	975	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	976	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[2232]	977	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
[1484]	978
[4381]	979	LOGICAL :: lad_on_top = .FALSE. !< dummy flag to indicate that LAD is defined on a building roof
	980
[4258]	981	REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height for lad-profile construction
[2007]	982	REAL(wp) :: gradient !< gradient for lad-profile construction
[4258]	983	REAL(wp) :: int_bpdf !< vertical integral for lad-profile construction
	984	REAL(wp) :: lad_max !< maximum LAD value in the model domain, used to perform a check
[3241]	985
[3885]	986	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'pcm_init', 'start' )
[1484]	987	!
	988	!-- Allocate one-dimensional arrays for the computation of the
	989	!-- leaf area density (lad) profile
	990	ALLOCATE( lad(0:nz+1), pre_lad(0:nz+1) )
	991	lad = 0.0_wp
	992	pre_lad = 0.0_wp
	993
	994	!
[1826]	995	!-- Set flag that indicates that the lad-profile shall be calculated by using
	996	!-- a beta probability density function
	997	IF ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	998	calc_beta_lad_profile = .TRUE.
	999	ENDIF
	1000
	1001
	1002	!
[1484]	1003	!-- Compute the profile of leaf area density used in the plant
	1004	!-- canopy model. The profile can either be constructed from
	1005	!-- prescribed vertical gradients of the leaf area density or by
	1006	!-- using a beta probability density function (see e.g. Markkanen et al.,
	1007	!-- 2003: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 106, 437-459)
	1008	IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN
	1009
	1010	!
	1011	!-- Use vertical gradients for lad-profile construction
	1012	i = 1
	1013	gradient = 0.0_wp
	1014
[4342]	1015	lad(0) = lad_surface
	1016	lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(1) = 0
[1484]	1017
[4342]	1018	DO k = 1, pch_index
	1019	IF ( i < 11 ) THEN
	1020	IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) < zu(k) .AND. &
	1021	lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1022	gradient = lad_vertical_gradient(i)
	1023	lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) = k - 1
	1024	i = i + 1
[1484]	1025	ENDIF
[4342]	1026	ENDIF
	1027	IF ( gradient /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1028	IF ( k /= 1 ) THEN
	1029	lad(k) = lad(k-1) + dzu(k) * gradient
[1484]	1030	ELSE
[4342]	1031	lad(k) = lad_surface + dzu(k) * gradient
[1484]	1032	ENDIF
[4342]	1033	ELSE
	1034	lad(k) = lad(k-1)
	1035	ENDIF
	1036	ENDDO
[1484]	1037
	1038	!
	1039	!-- In case of no given leaf area density gradients, choose a vanishing
	1040	!-- gradient. This information is used for the HEADER and the RUN_CONTROL
	1041	!-- file.
	1042	IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) == -9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	1043	lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) = 0.0_wp
	1044	ENDIF
	1045
	1046	ELSE
	1047
	1048	!
	1049	!-- Use beta function for lad-profile construction
	1050	int_bpdf = 0.0_wp
[3065]	1051	canopy_height = zw(pch_index)
[1484]	1052
[2232]	1053	DO k = 0, pch_index
[1484]	1054	int_bpdf = int_bpdf + &
[1826]	1055	( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )*( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) &
	1056	( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( &
	1057	beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) &
	1058	* ( ( zw(k+1)-zw(k) ) / canopy_height ) )
[1484]	1059	ENDDO
	1060
	1061	!
	1062	!-- Preliminary lad profile (defined on w-grid)
[2232]	1063	DO k = 0, pch_index
[1826]	1064	pre_lad(k) = lai_beta * &
	1065	( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) &
	1066	* ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( &
	1067	beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) / int_bpdf &
	1068	) / canopy_height
[1484]	1069	ENDDO
	1070
	1071	!
	1072	!-- Final lad profile (defined on scalar-grid level, since most prognostic
	1073	!-- quantities are defined there, hence, less interpolation is required
	1074	!-- when calculating the canopy tendencies)
	1075	lad(0) = pre_lad(0)
[2232]	1076	DO k = 1, pch_index
[1484]	1077	lad(k) = 0.5 * ( pre_lad(k-1) + pre_lad(k) )
[4302]	1078	ENDDO
[1484]	1079
	1080	ENDIF
	1081
	1082	!
[2213]	1083	!-- Allocate 3D-array for the leaf area density (lad_s).
[1484]	1084	ALLOCATE( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1085
	1086	!
	1087	!-- Initialization of the canopy coverage in the model domain:
[4341]	1088	!-- Setting the parameter canopy_mode = 'homogeneous' initializes a canopy, which
[1484]	1089	!-- fully covers the domain surface
	1090	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) )
	1091
[4341]	1092	CASE( 'homogeneous' )
[1484]	1093
	1094	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1095	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1096	lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:)
	1097	ENDDO
	1098	ENDDO
	1099
[4341]	1100	CASE ( 'read_from_file' )
[2007]	1101	!
[4362]	1102	!-- Read plant canopy
	1103	IF ( input_pids_static ) THEN
	1104	!
	1105	!-- Open the static input file
	1106	#if defined( __netcdf )
	1107	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_static ) // &
	1108	TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	1109	pids_id )
	1110
	1111	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
	1112	!
	1113	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them
	1114	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
	1115	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
	1116	!
	1117	!-- Read leaf area density - resolved vegetation
	1118	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'lad' ) ) THEN
	1119	leaf_area_density_f%from_file = .TRUE.
	1120	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, &
	1121	leaf_area_density_f%fill, &
	1122	.FALSE., 'lad' )
	1123	!
	1124	!-- Inquire number of vertical vegetation layer
	1125	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, &
	1126	leaf_area_density_f%nz, &
	1127	'zlad' )
	1128	!
	1129	!-- Allocate variable for leaf-area density
	1130	ALLOCATE( leaf_area_density_f%var &
	1131	(0:leaf_area_density_f%nz-1, &
	1132	nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
	1133
	1134	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'lad', leaf_area_density_f%var, &
	1135	nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, &
	1136	0, leaf_area_density_f%nz-1 )
	1137
	1138	ELSE
	1139	leaf_area_density_f%from_file = .FALSE.
	1140	ENDIF
	1141	!
	1142	!-- Read basal area density - resolved vegetation
	1143	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'bad' ) ) THEN
	1144	basal_area_density_f%from_file = .TRUE.
	1145	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, &
	1146	basal_area_density_f%fill, &
	1147	.FALSE., 'bad' )
	1148	!
	1149	!-- Inquire number of vertical vegetation layer
	1150	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, &
	1151	basal_area_density_f%nz, &
	1152	'zlad' )
	1153	!
	1154	!-- Allocate variable
	1155	ALLOCATE( basal_area_density_f%var &
	1156	(0:basal_area_density_f%nz-1, &
	1157	nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
	1158
	1159	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'bad', basal_area_density_f%var,&
	1160	nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, &
	1161	0, basal_area_density_f%nz-1 )
	1162	ELSE
	1163	basal_area_density_f%from_file = .FALSE.
	1164	ENDIF
	1165	!
	1166	!-- Read root area density - resolved vegetation
	1167	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'root_area_dens_r' ) ) THEN
	1168	root_area_density_lad_f%from_file = .TRUE.
	1169	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, &
	1170	root_area_density_lad_f%fill, &
	1171	.FALSE., 'root_area_dens_r' )
	1172	!
	1173	!-- Inquire number of vertical soil layers
	1174	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, &
	1175	root_area_density_lad_f%nz, &
	1176	'zsoil' )
	1177	!
	1178	!-- Allocate variable
	1179	ALLOCATE( root_area_density_lad_f%var &
	1180	(0:root_area_density_lad_f%nz-1,&
	1181	nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
	1182
	1183	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'root_area_dens_r', &
	1184	root_area_density_lad_f%var, &
	1185	nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, &
	1186	0, root_area_density_lad_f%nz-1 )
	1187	ELSE
	1188	root_area_density_lad_f%from_file = .FALSE.
	1189	ENDIF
	1190
	1191	DEALLOCATE( vars_pids )
	1192	!
[4363]	1193	!-- Finally, close the input file and deallocate temporary array
	1194	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
[4362]	1195	#endif
[4363]	1196	ENDIF
	1197
[4362]	1198	!
[2696]	1199	!-- Initialize LAD with data from file. If LAD is given in NetCDF file,
	1200	!-- use these values, else take LAD profiles from ASCII file.
	1201	!-- Please note, in NetCDF file LAD is only given up to the maximum
	1202	!-- canopy top, indicated by leaf_area_density_f%nz.
	1203	lad_s = 0.0_wp
	1204	IF ( leaf_area_density_f%from_file ) THEN
	1205	!
	1206	!-- Set also pch_index, used to be the upper bound of the vertical
	1207	!-- loops. Therefore, use the global top of the canopy layer.
	1208	pch_index = leaf_area_density_f%nz - 1
	1209
	1210	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1211	DO j = nys, nyn
	1212	DO k = 0, leaf_area_density_f%nz - 1
[3864]	1213	IF ( leaf_area_density_f%var(k,j,i) /= &
	1214	leaf_area_density_f%fill ) &
[2696]	1215	lad_s(k,j,i) = leaf_area_density_f%var(k,j,i)
	1216	ENDDO
[4302]	1217	!
	1218	!-- Check if resolved vegetation is mapped onto buildings.
[4314]	1219	!-- In general, this is allowed and also meaningful, e.g.
	1220	!-- when trees carry across roofs. However, due to the
	1221	!-- topography filtering, new building grid points can emerge
	1222	!-- at location where also plant canopy is defined. As a
	1223	!-- result, plant canopy is mapped on top of roofs, with
	1224	!-- siginficant impact on the downstream flow field and the
	1225	!-- nearby surface radiation. In order to avoid that
	1226	!-- plant canopy is mistakenly mapped onto building roofs,
	1227	!-- check for building grid points (bit 6) that emerge from
	1228	!-- the filtering (bit 4) and set LAD to zero at these
	1229	!-- artificially created building grid points. This case,
	1230	!-- an informative message is given.
[4302]	1231	IF ( ANY( lad_s(:,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) .AND. &
[4346]	1232	ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) .AND. &
	1233	ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 4 ) ) ) THEN
[4302]	1234	lad_s(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
[4381]	1235	lad_on_top = .TRUE.
	1236	ENDIF
	1237	ENDDO
	1238	ENDDO
	1239	#if defined( __parallel )
	1240	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, lad_on_top, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
	1241	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
	1242	#endif
	1243	IF ( lad_on_top ) THEN
	1244	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
[4314]	1245	'Resolved plant-canopy is ' // &
	1246	'defined on top of an artificially '// &
[4381]	1247	'created building grid point(s) ' // &
[4331]	1248	'(emerged from the filtering) - ' // &
[4381]	1249	'LAD profile is omitted at this / ' // &
	1250	'these grid point(s).'
	1251	CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0313', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
	1252	ENDIF
[2696]	1253	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp )
	1254	!
	1255	! ASCII file
[4342]	1256	!-- Initialize canopy parameters canopy_drag_coeff,
	1257	!-- leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, leaf_surface_conc
[2007]	1258	!-- from file which contains complete 3D data (separate vertical profiles for
	1259	!-- each location).
[2696]	1260	ELSE
	1261	CALL pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	1262	ENDIF
[2007]	1263
[1484]	1264	CASE DEFAULT
	1265	!
[2007]	1266	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter
	1267	!-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the
	1268	!-- user has coded a special case in the user interface.
	1269	!-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks
	1270	!-- which of these two conditions applies.
	1271	CALL user_init_plant_canopy
[1484]	1272
	1273	END SELECT
[2696]	1274	!
[4258]	1275	!-- Check that at least one grid point has an LAD /= 0, else this may
	1276	!-- cause errors in the radiation model.
	1277	lad_max = MAXVAL( lad_s )
	1278	#if defined( __parallel )
	1279	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, lad_max, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_MAX, &
	1280	comm2d, ierr)
	1281	#endif
	1282	IF ( lad_max <= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1283	message_string = 'Plant-canopy model is switched-on but no ' // &
	1284	'plant canopy is present in the model domain.'
	1285	CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0685', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1286	ENDIF
	1287
	1288	!
[2696]	1289	!-- Initialize 2D index array indicating canopy top index.
	1290	ALLOCATE( pch_index_ji(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1291	pch_index_ji = 0
[4187]	1292
[4361]	1293	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1294	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2696]	1295	DO k = 0, pch_index
	1296	IF ( lad_s(k,j,i) /= 0 ) pch_index_ji(j,i) = k
	1297	ENDDO
[1484]	1298	!
[2696]	1299	!-- Check whether topography and local vegetation on top exceed
	1300	!-- height of the model domain.
[4356]	1301	IF ( topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i) >= nzt + 1 ) THEN
[2696]	1302	message_string = 'Local vegetation height on top of ' // &
	1303	'topography exceeds height of model domain.'
[4356]	1304	CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0674', 2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
[2696]	1305	ENDIF
	1306
	1307	ENDDO
	1308	ENDDO
[3497]	1309	!
[3449]	1310	!-- Calculate global pch_index value (index of top of plant canopy from ground)
[3497]	1311	pch_index = MAXVAL( pch_index_ji )
	1312	!
[3449]	1313	!-- Exchange pch_index from all processors
	1314	#if defined( __parallel )
[3497]	1315	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, pch_index, 1, MPI_INTEGER, &
	1316	MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr)
[3449]	1317	#endif
[4360]	1318	!
[4341]	1319	!-- Allocation of arrays pcm_heating_rate, pcm_transpiration_rate and pcm_latent_rate
	1320	ALLOCATE( pcm_heating_rate(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1321	pcm_heating_rate = 0.0_wp
[4221]	1322
[3449]	1323	IF ( humidity ) THEN
[4341]	1324	ALLOCATE( pcm_transpiration_rate(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1325	pcm_transpiration_rate = 0.0_wp
	1326	ALLOCATE( pcm_latent_rate(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1327	pcm_latent_rate = 0.0_wp
[3449]	1328	ENDIF
[2696]	1329	!
[2011]	1330	!-- Initialization of the canopy heat source distribution due to heating
	1331	!-- of the canopy layers by incoming solar radiation, in case that a non-zero
	1332	!-- value is set for the canopy top heat flux (cthf), which equals the
	1333	!-- available net radiation at canopy top.
	1334	!-- The heat source distribution is calculated by a decaying exponential
	1335	!-- function of the downward cumulative leaf area index (cum_lai_hf),
	1336	!-- assuming that the foliage inside the plant canopy is heated by solar
	1337	!-- radiation penetrating the canopy layers according to the distribution
	1338	!-- of net radiation as suggested by Brown & Covey (1966; Agric. Meteorol. 3,
	1339	!-- 73â96). This approach has been applied e.g. by Shaw & Schumann (1992;
[2213]	1340	!-- Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 61, 47â64).
[4341]	1341	!-- When using the radiation_interactions, canopy heating (pcm_heating_rate)
	1342	!-- and plant canopy transpiration (pcm_transpiration_rate, pcm_latent_rate)
[3449]	1343	!-- are calculated in the RTM after the calculation of radiation.
	1344	IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2213]	1345
[3449]	1346	ALLOCATE( cum_lai_hf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1484]	1347	!
[2011]	1348	!-- Piecewise calculation of the cumulative leaf area index by vertical
[1484]	1349	!-- integration of the leaf area density
	1350	cum_lai_hf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1351	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1352	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2696]	1353	DO k = pch_index_ji(j,i)-1, 0, -1
	1354	IF ( k == pch_index_ji(j,i)-1 ) THEN
[1484]	1355	cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + &
	1356	( 0.5_wp * lad_s(k+1,j,i) * &
	1357	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
	1358	( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + &
	1359	lad_s(k,j,i) ) + &
	1360	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
	1361	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
	1362	ELSE
	1363	cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + &
	1364	( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+2,j,i) + &
	1365	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) + &
	1366	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
	1367	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
	1368	( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + &
	1369	lad_s(k,j,i) ) + &
	1370	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
	1371	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
	1372	ENDIF
	1373	ENDDO
	1374	ENDDO
	1375	ENDDO
	1376
[4278]	1377	!
[2232]	1378	!-- In areas with canopy the surface value of the canopy heat
	1379	!-- flux distribution overrides the surface heat flux (shf)
	1380	!-- Start with default surface type
	1381	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
[4278]	1382	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
	1383	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
[2232]	1384	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) &
	1385	surf_def_h(0)%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) )
	1386	ENDDO
[1484]	1387	!
[2232]	1388	!-- Natural surfaces
	1389	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
[4278]	1390	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
	1391	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
[2232]	1392	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) &
	1393	surf_lsm_h%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) )
	1394	ENDDO
	1395	!
	1396	!-- Urban surfaces
	1397	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
[4278]	1398	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
	1399	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
[2232]	1400	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) &
	1401	surf_usm_h%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) )
	1402	ENDDO
	1403	!
	1404	!
[2011]	1405	!-- Calculation of the heating rate (K/s) within the different layers of
[2232]	1406	!-- the plant canopy. Calculation is only necessary in areas covered with
	1407	!-- canopy.
	1408	!-- Within the different canopy layers the plant-canopy heating
[4341]	1409	!-- rate (pcm_heating_rate) is calculated as the vertical
[2232]	1410	!-- divergence of the canopy heat fluxes at the top and bottom
	1411	!-- of the respective layer
[1484]	1412	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1413	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2696]	1414	DO k = 1, pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1415	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
[4341]	1416	pcm_heating_rate(k,j,i) = cthf * &
[3022]	1417	( exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k,j,i)) - &
[2232]	1418	exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k-1,j,i) ) ) / dzw(k)
	1419	ENDIF
	1420	ENDDO
[1721]	1421	ENDDO
	1422	ENDDO
[1484]	1423
	1424	ENDIF
	1425
[3885]	1426	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'pcm_init', 'end' )
[1484]	1427
[1826]	1428	END SUBROUTINE pcm_init
[1484]	1429
	1430
[2007]	1431	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1432	! Description:
	1433	! ------------
[2932]	1434	!> Parin for &plant_canopy_parameters for plant canopy model
[2007]	1435	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1436	SUBROUTINE pcm_parin
[1484]	1437
[2007]	1438	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	1439
[2932]	1440	NAMELIST /plant_canopy_parameters/ &
	1441	alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, &
	1442	canopy_mode, cthf, &
[2977]	1443	lad_surface, lad_type_coef, &
[2932]	1444	lad_vertical_gradient, &
	1445	lad_vertical_gradient_level, &
	1446	lai_beta, &
	1447	leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, &
[3449]	1448	leaf_surface_conc, pch_index, &
	1449	plant_canopy_transpiration
[2932]	1450
[2007]	1451	NAMELIST /canopy_par/ alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, &
	1452	canopy_mode, cthf, &
[2977]	1453	lad_surface, lad_type_coef, &
[2007]	1454	lad_vertical_gradient, &
	1455	lad_vertical_gradient_level, &
	1456	lai_beta, &
	1457	leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, &
[3449]	1458	leaf_surface_conc, pch_index, &
	1459	plant_canopy_transpiration
[3246]	1460
[2007]	1461	line = ' '
[3246]	1462
[2007]	1463	!
[4258]	1464	!-- Try to find plant-canopy model package
[2007]	1465	REWIND ( 11 )
	1466	line = ' '
[3248]	1467	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&plant_canopy_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	1468	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[2007]	1469	ENDDO
	1470	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	1471
	1472	!
	1473	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	1474	READ ( 11, plant_canopy_parameters, ERR = 10 )
[2932]	1475
	1476	!
[4258]	1477	!-- Set flag that indicates that the plant-canopy model is switched on
[2932]	1478	plant_canopy = .TRUE.
[3246]	1479
	1480	GOTO 14
	1481
	1482	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	1483	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	1484	CALL parin_fail_message( 'plant_canopy_parameters', line )
[2932]	1485	!
	1486	!-- Try to find old namelist
[3246]	1487	12 REWIND ( 11 )
[2932]	1488	line = ' '
[3248]	1489	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&canopy_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	1490	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
[2932]	1491	ENDDO
	1492	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	1493
	1494	!
	1495	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	1496	READ ( 11, canopy_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
[2007]	1497
[2932]	1498	message_string = 'namelist canopy_par is deprecated and will be ' // &
[3046]	1499	'removed in near future. Please use namelist ' // &
[2932]	1500	'plant_canopy_parameters instead'
	1501	CALL message( 'pcm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[3246]	1502
[2007]	1503	!
[4258]	1504	!-- Set flag that indicates that the plant-canopy model is switched on
[2007]	1505	plant_canopy = .TRUE.
	1506
[3246]	1507	GOTO 14
[2007]	1508
[3246]	1509	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	1510	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	1511	CALL parin_fail_message( 'canopy_par', line )
[3246]	1512
	1513	14 CONTINUE
	1514
[2007]	1515	END SUBROUTINE pcm_parin
	1516
	1517
[1484]	1518	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1519	! Description:
	1520	! ------------
[2007]	1521	!
	1522	!> Loads 3D plant canopy data from file. File format is as follows:
	1523	!>
	1524	!> num_levels
[2977]	1525	!> dtype,x,y,pctype,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1)
	1526	!> dtype,x,y,pctype,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1)
	1527	!> dtype,x,y,pctype,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1)
[2007]	1528	!> ...
	1529	!>
	1530	!> i.e. first line determines number of levels and further lines represent plant
	1531	!> canopy data, one line per column and variable. In each data line,
	1532	!> dtype represents variable to be set:
	1533	!>
	1534	!> dtype=1: leaf area density (lad_s)
[2213]	1535	!> dtype=2....n: some additional plant canopy input data quantity
[2007]	1536	!>
	1537	!> Zeros are added automatically above num_levels until top of domain. Any
	1538	!> non-specified (x,y) columns have zero values as default.
	1539	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1540	SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	1541
[2213]	1542	INTEGER(iwp) :: dtype !< type of input data (1=lad)
[2977]	1543	INTEGER(iwp) :: pctype !< type of plant canopy (deciduous,non-deciduous,...)
[2213]	1544	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j !< running index
	1545	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzp !< number of vertical layers of plant canopy
[3337]	1546	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzpltop !<
	1547	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzpl !<
	1548	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !<
[2213]	1549
	1550	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: col !< vertical column of input data
[2007]	1551
[2213]	1552	!
	1553	!-- Initialize lad_s array
	1554	lad_s = 0.0_wp
	1555
	1556	!
	1557	!-- Open and read plant canopy input data
[2977]	1558	OPEN(152, FILE='PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	1559	ACCESS='SEQUENTIAL', ACTION='READ', STATUS='OLD', &
	1560	FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=515)
	1561	READ(152, *, ERR=516, END=517) nzp !< read first line = number of vertical layers
[3337]	1562	nzpltop = MIN(nzt+1, nzb+nzp-1)
	1563	nzpl = nzpltop - nzb + 1 !< no. of layers to assign
[2977]	1564	ALLOCATE( col(0:nzp-1) )
[2007]	1565
[2213]	1566	DO
[2977]	1567	READ(152, *, ERR=516, END=517) dtype, i, j, pctype, col(:)
	1568	IF ( i < nxlg .OR. i > nxrg .OR. j < nysg .OR. j > nyng ) CYCLE
	1569
	1570	SELECT CASE (dtype)
	1571	CASE( 1 ) !< leaf area density
[2213]	1572	!
[2977]	1573	!-- This is just the pure canopy layer assumed to be grounded to
	1574	!-- a flat domain surface. At locations where plant canopy sits
	1575	!-- on top of any kind of topography, the vertical plant column
	1576	!-- must be "lifted", which is done in SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency.
	1577	IF ( pctype < 0 .OR. pctype > 10 ) THEN !< incorrect plant canopy type
	1578	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Incorrect type of plant canopy. ' // &
	1579	'Allowed values 0 <= pctype <= 10, ' // &
	1580	'but pctype is ', pctype
	1581	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0349', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1582	ENDIF
[4168]	1583	kk = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
[3337]	1584	lad_s(nzb:nzpltop-kk, j, i) = col(kk:nzpl-1)*lad_type_coef(pctype)
[2977]	1585	CASE DEFAULT
	1586	WRITE(message_string, '(a,i2,a)') &
	1587	'Unknown record type in file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D: "', dtype, '"'
	1588	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0530', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1589	END SELECT
[2213]	1590	ENDDO
[2007]	1591
[2213]	1592	515 message_string = 'error opening file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D'
	1593	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0531', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2007]	1594
[2213]	1595	516 message_string = 'error reading file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D'
	1596	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0532', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1597
	1598	517 CLOSE(152)
[2977]	1599	DEALLOCATE( col )
[2213]	1600
	1601	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp )
[2007]	1602
	1603	END SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
[4360]	1604
[2007]	1605	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1606	! Description:
	1607	! ------------
[4360]	1608	!> Subroutine reads local (subdomain) restart data
	1609	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1610	SUBROUTINE pcm_rrd_local( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, &
	1611	nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, nyn_on_file, nysf, &
[4361]	1612	nysc, nys_on_file, found )
[4360]	1613
	1614	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
	1615	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
	1616	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
	1617	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !<
	1618	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
	1619	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
	1620	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !<
	1621	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
	1622	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
	1623	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !<
	1624	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
	1625	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
	1626	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !<
	1627
	1628	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
	1629
	1630	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:pch_index, &
	1631	nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp, &
	1632	nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d2 !< temporary 3D array for entire vertical
	1633	!< extension of canopy layer
	1634	found = .TRUE.
	1635
	1636	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
	1637
	1638	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate_av' )
	1639	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN
	1640	ALLOCATE( pcm_heatrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1641	pcm_heatrate_av = 0.0_wp
	1642	ENDIF
	1643	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d2
	1644	pcm_heatrate_av(0:pch_index,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
	1645	tmp_3d2(0:pch_index,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
	1646
	1647	CASE ( 'pcm_latentrate_av' )
	1648	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN
	1649	ALLOCATE( pcm_latentrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1650	pcm_latentrate_av = 0.0_wp
	1651	ENDIF
	1652	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d2
	1653	pcm_latentrate_av(0:pch_index,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
	1654	tmp_3d2(0:pch_index,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
	1655
	1656	CASE ( 'pcm_transpirationrate_av' )
	1657	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN
	1658	ALLOCATE( pcm_transpirationrate_av(0:pch_index,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	1659	pcm_transpirationrate_av = 0.0_wp
	1660	ENDIF
	1661	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d2
	1662	pcm_transpirationrate_av(0:pch_index,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
	1663	tmp_3d2(0:pch_index,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
	1664
	1665	CASE DEFAULT
	1666
	1667	found = .FALSE.
	1668
	1669	END SELECT
	1670
	1671	END SUBROUTINE pcm_rrd_local
	1672
	1673	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1674	! Description:
	1675	! ------------
[1682]	1676	!> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant
	1677	!> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities.
	1678	!>
	1679	!> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0
[1826]	1680	!> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init.
[1682]	1681	!> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding
	1682	!> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at
	1683	!> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero.
	1684	!>
	1685	!> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of
	1686	!> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep
	1687	!> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy
	1688	!> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This
	1689	!> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities.
	1690	!> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different
	1691	!> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that
	1692	!> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag.
	1693	!>
	1694	!>
	1695	!> Call for all grid points
[1484]	1696	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1826]	1697	SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency( component )
[138]	1698
[1682]	1699	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e)
	1700	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	1701	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	1702	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1721]	1703	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays
[1484]	1704
[4335]	1705	LOGICAL :: building_edge_e !< control flag indicating an eastward-facing building edge
	1706	LOGICAL :: building_edge_n !< control flag indicating a north-facing building edge
	1707	LOGICAL :: building_edge_s !< control flag indicating a south-facing building edge
	1708	LOGICAL :: building_edge_w !< control flag indicating a westward-facing building edge
	1709
[1682]	1710	REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d)
	1711	REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value
	1712	REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency
	1713	REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value
	1714	REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value
	1715	REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value
[1484]	1716
	1717
	1718	ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d
[138]	1719
	1720	!
[1484]	1721	!-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE:
[138]	1722	SELECT CASE ( component )
	1723
	1724	!
	1725	!-- u-component
	1726	CASE ( 1 )
	1727	DO i = nxlu, nxr
	1728	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1729	!
[4335]	1730	!-- Set control flags indicating east- and westward-orientated
	1731	!-- building edges. Note, building_egde_w is set from the perspective
	1732	!-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_e is
	1733	!-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point.
[4346]	1734	building_edge_w = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )&
	1735	.AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) )
	1736	building_edge_e = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) )&
	1737	.AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )
[4335]	1738	!
[2232]	1739	!-- Determine topography-top index on u-grid
[4341]	1740	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,1)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,1) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[1484]	1741
[4341]	1742	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,1) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1743	!
	1744	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
[4335]	1745	!-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i),
	1746	!-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s,
	1747	!-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries
	1748	!-- than inside of the canopy.
[1484]	1749	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy
[4335]	1750	!-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered
	1751	!-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges
	1752	!-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid
	1753	!-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped
	1754	!-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined.
[1721]	1755	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
[4335]	1756	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp &
	1757	.AND. .NOT. building_edge_w ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1)
	1758	!
	1759	!-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right-
	1760	!-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the
	1761	!-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the
	1762	!-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid
	1763	!-- point (j,i-1).
	1764	IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) == 0.0_wp &
	1765	.AND. building_edge_e ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1)
[1484]	1766
	1767	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1768	pre_u = 0.0_wp
	1769	!
	1770	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
[4342]	1771	pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1484]	1772	lad_local * &
	1773	SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + &
	1774	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + &
	1775	v(k,j,i) + &
	1776	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	1777	v(k,j+1,i-1) ) &
	1778	)**2 + &
	1779	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + &
	1780	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1781	w(k,j,i-1) + &
	1782	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1783	)**2 &
	1784	) * &
	1785	u(k,j,i)
	1786
	1787	!
	1788	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1789	pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1790	!
	1791	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1792	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1793	IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN
	1794	pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1795	ENDIF
	1796	!
	1797	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1798	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1799
[138]	1800	ENDDO
	1801	ENDDO
	1802	ENDDO
	1803
	1804	!
	1805	!-- v-component
	1806	CASE ( 2 )
	1807	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1808	DO j = nysv, nyn
[2232]	1809	!
[4335]	1810	!-- Set control flags indicating north- and southward-orientated
	1811	!-- building edges. Note, building_egde_s is set from the perspective
	1812	!-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_n is
	1813	!-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point.
[4346]	1814	building_edge_s = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )&
	1815	.AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) )
	1816	building_edge_n = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) )&
	1817	.AND. .NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )
[4335]	1818	!
[2232]	1819	!-- Determine topography-top index on v-grid
[4341]	1820	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,2)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,2) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	1821
[4341]	1822	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,2) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1823	!
	1824	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
[4335]	1825	!-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i),
	1826	!-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s,
	1827	!-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries
	1828	!-- than inside of the canopy.
	1829	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy
	1830	!-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered
	1831	!-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges
	1832	!-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid
	1833	!-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped
	1834	!-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined.
[1721]	1835	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
[4335]	1836	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp &
	1837	.AND. .NOT. building_edge_s ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i)
	1838	!
	1839	!-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right-
	1840	!-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the
	1841	!-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the
	1842	!-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid
	1843	!-- point (j,i-1).
	1844	IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) == 0.0_wp &
	1845	.AND. building_edge_n ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i)
[1484]	1846
	1847	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1848	pre_v = 0.0_wp
	1849	!
	1850	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
[4342]	1851	pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1484]	1852	lad_local * &
	1853	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + &
	1854	u(k,j-1,i+1) + &
	1855	u(k,j,i) + &
	1856	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1857	)**2 + &
	1858	v(k,j,i)**2 + &
	1859	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + &
	1860	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1861	w(k,j-1,i) + &
	1862	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1863	)**2 &
	1864	) * &
	1865	v(k,j,i)
	1866
	1867	!
	1868	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1869	pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1870	!
	1871	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1872	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1873	IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN
	1874	pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1875	ELSE
	1876	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1877	ENDIF
	1878	!
	1879	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1880	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1881
[138]	1882	ENDDO
	1883	ENDDO
	1884	ENDDO
	1885
	1886	!
	1887	!-- w-component
	1888	CASE ( 3 )
	1889	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1890	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1891	!
	1892	!-- Determine topography-top index on w-grid
[4341]	1893	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,3)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,3) + pch_index_ji(j,i) - 1
[2317]	1894
[4341]	1895	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,3) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1896
	1897	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1898	pre_w = 0.0_wp
	1899	!
	1900	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
[4342]	1901	pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1484]	1902	(0.5_wp * &
[1721]	1903	( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * &
[1484]	1904	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1905	u(k,j,i+1) + &
	1906	u(k+1,j,i) + &
	1907	u(k+1,j,i+1) ) &
	1908	)**2 + &
	1909	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1910	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	1911	v(k+1,j,i) + &
	1912	v(k+1,j+1,i) ) &
	1913	)**2 + &
	1914	w(k,j,i)**2 &
	1915	) * &
	1916	w(k,j,i)
	1917	!
	1918	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1919	pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1920	!
	1921	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1922	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1923	IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN
	1924	pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1925	ELSE
	1926	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1927	ENDIF
	1928	!
	1929	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1930	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1931
[138]	1932	ENDDO
	1933	ENDDO
	1934	ENDDO
	1935
	1936	!
[153]	1937	!-- potential temperature
[138]	1938	CASE ( 4 )
[3449]	1939	IF ( humidity ) THEN
	1940	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1941	DO j = nys, nyn
	1942	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[4341]	1943	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	1944	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
	1945	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i) - pcm_latent_rate(kk,j,i)
[3449]	1946	ENDDO
[153]	1947	ENDDO
	1948	ENDDO
[3449]	1949	ELSE
	1950	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1951	DO j = nys, nyn
	1952	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[4341]	1953	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	1954	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
	1955	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i)
[3449]	1956	ENDDO
	1957	ENDDO
	1958	ENDDO
	1959	ENDIF
[153]	1960
	1961	!
[1960]	1962	!-- humidity
[153]	1963	CASE ( 5 )
	1964	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1965	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1966	!
	1967	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[4341]	1968	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	1969
[4341]	1970	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[2232]	1971
[3449]	1972	IF ( .NOT. plant_canopy_transpiration ) THEN
[4341]	1973	! pcm_transpiration_rate is calculated in radiation model
[3449]	1974	! in case of plant_canopy_transpiration = .T.
	1975	! to include also the dependecy to the radiation
	1976	! in the plant canopy box
[4342]	1977	pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i) = - leaf_scalar_exch_coeff &
	1978	* lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
	1979	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1980	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1981	)**2 + &
	1982	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1983	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1984	)**2 + &
	1985	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1986	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1987	)**2 &
	1988	) * &
	1989	( q(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc )
[3449]	1990	ENDIF
	1991
[4341]	1992	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i)
[153]	1993	ENDDO
	1994	ENDDO
	1995	ENDDO
	1996
	1997	!
	1998	!-- sgs-tke
	1999	CASE ( 6 )
	2000	DO i = nxl, nxr
	2001	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	2002	!
	2003	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[4341]	2004	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	2005
[4341]	2006	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	2007	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
[4342]	2008	2.0_wp * canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1721]	2009	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
[1484]	2010	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	2011	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	2012	)**2 + &
	2013	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	2014	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	2015	)**2 + &
	2016	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + &
	2017	w(k+1,j,i) ) &
	2018	)**2 &
	2019	) * &
	2020	e(k,j,i)
[138]	2021	ENDDO
	2022	ENDDO
	2023	ENDDO
[1960]	2024	!
	2025	!-- scalar concentration
	2026	CASE ( 7 )
	2027	DO i = nxl, nxr
	2028	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	2029	!
	2030	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[4341]	2031	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)+1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	2032
[4341]	2033	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1960]	2034	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
[4342]	2035	leaf_scalar_exch_coeff * &
[1960]	2036	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
	2037	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	2038	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	2039	)**2 + &
	2040	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	2041	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	2042	)**2 + &
	2043	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	2044	w(k,j,i) ) &
	2045	)**2 &
	2046	) * &
[4342]	2047	( s(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc )
[1960]	2048	ENDDO
	2049	ENDDO
	2050	ENDDO
[1484]	2051
	2052
[1960]	2053
[138]	2054	CASE DEFAULT
	2055
[257]	2056	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component
[1826]	2057	CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[138]	2058
	2059	END SELECT
	2060
[1826]	2061	END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency
[138]	2062
	2063
	2064	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1484]	2065	! Description:
	2066	! ------------
[1682]	2067	!> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant
	2068	!> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities.
	2069	!>
	2070	!> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0
[1826]	2071	!> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init.
[1682]	2072	!> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding
	2073	!> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at
	2074	!> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero.
	2075	!>
	2076	!> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of
	2077	!> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep
	2078	!> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy
	2079	!> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This
	2080	!> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities.
	2081	!> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different
	2082	!> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that
	2083	!> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag.
	2084	!>
	2085	!>
	2086	!> Call for grid point i,j
[138]	2087	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1826]	2088	SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij( i, j, component )
[138]	2089
[1682]	2090	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e)
	2091	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2092	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2093	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1721]	2094	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays
[138]	2095
[4314]	2096	LOGICAL :: building_edge_e !< control flag indicating an eastward-facing building edge
	2097	LOGICAL :: building_edge_n !< control flag indicating a north-facing building edge
	2098	LOGICAL :: building_edge_s !< control flag indicating a south-facing building edge
	2099	LOGICAL :: building_edge_w !< control flag indicating a westward-facing building edge
	2100
[1682]	2101	REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d)
	2102	REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value
	2103	REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency
	2104	REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value
	2105	REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value
	2106	REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value
[1484]	2107
	2108
	2109	ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d
[138]	2110	!
[1484]	2111	!-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE
[142]	2112	SELECT CASE ( component )
[138]	2113
	2114	!
[142]	2115	!-- u-component
[1484]	2116	CASE ( 1 )
[2232]	2117	!
[4314]	2118	!-- Set control flags indicating east- and westward-orientated
	2119	!-- building edges. Note, building_egde_w is set from the perspective
	2120	!-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_e is
	2121	!-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point.
[4346]	2122	building_edge_w = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) .AND. &
	2123	.NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) )
	2124	building_edge_e = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i-1), 6 ) ) .AND. &
	2125	.NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )
[4314]	2126	!
[2232]	2127	!-- Determine topography-top index on u-grid
[4341]	2128	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,1) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,1) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	2129
[4341]	2130	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,1) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[138]	2131
	2132	!
[1484]	2133	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
	2134	!-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i),
	2135	!-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s,
	2136	!-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries
	2137	!-- than inside of the canopy.
	2138	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy
[4314]	2139	!-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered
	2140	!-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges
	2141	!-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid
	2142	!-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped
	2143	!-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined.
[1721]	2144	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
[4314]	2145	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp .AND. &
	2146	.NOT. building_edge_w ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1)
	2147	!
	2148	!-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right-
	2149	!-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the
	2150	!-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the
	2151	!-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid
	2152	!-- point (j,i-1).
	2153	IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) == 0.0_wp .AND. &
	2154	building_edge_e ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1)
[1484]	2155
	2156	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	2157	pre_u = 0.0_wp
	2158	!
	2159	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
[4342]	2160	pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1484]	2161	lad_local * &
	2162	SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + &
	2163	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + &
	2164	v(k,j,i) + &
	2165	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	2166	v(k,j+1,i-1) ) &
	2167	)**2 + &
	2168	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + &
	2169	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	2170	w(k,j,i-1) + &
	2171	w(k,j,i) ) &
	2172	)**2 &
	2173	) * &
	2174	u(k,j,i)
	2175
	2176	!
	2177	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	2178	pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	2179	!
	2180	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	2181	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	2182	IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN
	2183	pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	2184	ELSE
	2185	pre_tend = pre_tend
	2186	ENDIF
	2187	!
	2188	!-- Calculate final tendency
	2189	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	2190	ENDDO
	2191
	2192
	2193	!
[142]	2194	!-- v-component
[1484]	2195	CASE ( 2 )
[2232]	2196	!
[4314]	2197	!-- Set control flags indicating north- and southward-orientated
	2198	!-- building edges. Note, building_egde_s is set from the perspective
	2199	!-- of the potential rooftop grid point, while building_edge_n is
	2200	!-- is set from the perspective of the non-building grid point.
[4346]	2201	building_edge_s = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) ) .AND. &
	2202	.NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) )
	2203	building_edge_n = ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j-1,i), 6 ) ) .AND. &
	2204	.NOT. ANY( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(:,j,i), 6 ) )
[4314]	2205	!
[2232]	2206	!-- Determine topography-top index on v-grid
[4341]	2207	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,2) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,2) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[138]	2208
[4341]	2209	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,2) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[138]	2210	!
[1484]	2211	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
	2212	!-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i),
	2213	!-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s,
	2214	!-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries
	2215	!-- than inside of the canopy.
	2216	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy
[4314]	2217	!-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i), which is considered
	2218	!-- in the next if-statement. Note, at left-sided building edges
	2219	!-- this is not applied, here the LAD is equals the LAD at grid
	2220	!-- point (k,j,i), in order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly mapped
	2221	!-- on top of a roof where (usually) is no LAD is defined.
[1721]	2222	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
[4314]	2223	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp .AND. &
	2224	.NOT. building_edge_s ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i)
	2225	!
	2226	!-- In order to avoid that LAD is mistakenly considered at right-
	2227	!-- sided building edges (here the topography-top index for the
	2228	!-- u-component at index j,i is still on the building while the
	2229	!-- topography top for the scalar isn't), LAD is taken from grid
	2230	!-- point (j,i-1).
	2231	IF ( lad_local > 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) == 0.0_wp .AND. &
	2232	building_edge_n ) lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i)
[1484]	2233
	2234	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	2235	pre_v = 0.0_wp
	2236	!
	2237	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
[4342]	2238	pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1484]	2239	lad_local * &
	2240	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + &
	2241	u(k,j-1,i+1) + &
	2242	u(k,j,i) + &
	2243	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	2244	)**2 + &
	2245	v(k,j,i)**2 + &
	2246	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + &
	2247	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	2248	w(k,j-1,i) + &
	2249	w(k,j,i) ) &
	2250	)**2 &
	2251	) * &
	2252	v(k,j,i)
	2253
	2254	!
	2255	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	2256	pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	2257	!
	2258	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	2259	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	2260	IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN
	2261	pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	2262	ELSE
	2263	pre_tend = pre_tend
	2264	ENDIF
	2265	!
	2266	!-- Calculate final tendency
	2267	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	2268	ENDDO
	2269
	2270
	2271	!
[142]	2272	!-- w-component
[1484]	2273	CASE ( 3 )
[2232]	2274	!
	2275	!-- Determine topography-top index on w-grid
[4341]	2276	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,3) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,3) + pch_index_ji(j,i) - 1
[2317]	2277
[4341]	2278	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,3) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[138]	2279
[1484]	2280	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	2281	pre_w = 0.0_wp
[138]	2282	!
[1484]	2283	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
[4342]	2284	pre_tend = - canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1484]	2285	(0.5_wp * &
[1721]	2286	( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * &
[1484]	2287	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	2288	u(k,j,i+1) + &
	2289	u(k+1,j,i) + &
	2290	u(k+1,j,i+1) ) &
	2291	)**2 + &
	2292	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	2293	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	2294	v(k+1,j,i) + &
	2295	v(k+1,j+1,i) ) &
	2296	)**2 + &
	2297	w(k,j,i)**2 &
	2298	) * &
	2299	w(k,j,i)
	2300	!
	2301	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	2302	pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	2303	!
	2304	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	2305	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	2306	IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN
	2307	pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	2308	ELSE
	2309	pre_tend = pre_tend
	2310	ENDIF
	2311	!
	2312	!-- Calculate final tendency
	2313	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	2314	ENDDO
	2315
	2316	!
[153]	2317	!-- potential temperature
	2318	CASE ( 4 )
[2232]	2319	!
	2320	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[3449]	2321	IF ( humidity ) THEN
[4341]	2322	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	2323	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
	2324	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i) - &
	2325	pcm_latent_rate(kk,j,i)
[3449]	2326	ENDDO
	2327	ELSE
[4341]	2328	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	2329	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
	2330	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_heating_rate(kk,j,i)
[3449]	2331	ENDDO
	2332	ENDIF
[153]	2333
	2334	!
[1960]	2335	!-- humidity
[153]	2336	CASE ( 5 )
[2232]	2337	!
	2338	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[4341]	2339	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	2340	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0) !- lad arrays are defined flat
[3449]	2341	IF ( .NOT. plant_canopy_transpiration ) THEN
[4341]	2342	! pcm_transpiration_rate is calculated in radiation model
[3449]	2343	! in case of plant_canopy_transpiration = .T.
	2344	! to include also the dependecy to the radiation
	2345	! in the plant canopy box
[4342]	2346	pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i) = - leaf_scalar_exch_coeff &
[3582]	2347	* lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
	2348	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	2349	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	2350	)**2 + &
	2351	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	2352	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	2353	)**2 + &
	2354	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	2355	w(k,j,i) ) &
	2356	)**2 &
	2357	) * &
[4342]	2358	( q(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc )
[3449]	2359	ENDIF
[2232]	2360
[4341]	2361	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pcm_transpiration_rate(kk,j,i)
[3014]	2362
[153]	2363	ENDDO
	2364
	2365	!
[142]	2366	!-- sgs-tke
[1484]	2367	CASE ( 6 )
[2232]	2368	!
	2369	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[4341]	2370	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	2371
[4341]	2372	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
[1484]	2373	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
[4342]	2374	2.0_wp * canopy_drag_coeff * &
[1721]	2375	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
[1484]	2376	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	2377	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	2378	)**2 + &
	2379	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	2380	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	2381	)**2 + &
	2382	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + &
	2383	w(k+1,j,i) ) &
	2384	)**2 &
	2385	) * &
	2386	e(k,j,i)
	2387	ENDDO
[1960]	2388
	2389	!
	2390	!-- scalar concentration
	2391	CASE ( 7 )
[2232]	2392	!
	2393	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[4341]	2394	DO k = topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + 1, topo_top_ind(j,i,0) + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	2395
[4341]	2396	kk = k - topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
[1960]	2397	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
[4342]	2398	leaf_scalar_exch_coeff * &
[1960]	2399	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
	2400	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	2401	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	2402	)**2 + &
	2403	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	2404	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	2405	)**2 + &
	2406	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	2407	w(k,j,i) ) &
	2408	)**2 &
	2409	) * &
[4342]	2410	( s(k,j,i) - leaf_surface_conc )
[1960]	2411	ENDDO
[138]	2412
[142]	2413	CASE DEFAULT
[138]	2414
[257]	2415	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component
[1826]	2416	CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[138]	2417
[142]	2418	END SELECT
[138]	2419
[1826]	2420	END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij
[138]	2421
[4360]	2422	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2423	! Description:
	2424	! ------------
	2425	!> Subroutine writes local (subdomain) restart data
	2426	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2427	SUBROUTINE pcm_wrd_local
[2007]	2428
[4360]	2429	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_heatrate_av ) ) THEN
	2430	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_heatrate_av' )
	2431	WRITE ( 14 ) pcm_heatrate_av
	2432	ENDIF
	2433
	2434	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_latentrate_av ) ) THEN
	2435	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_latentrate_av' )
	2436	WRITE ( 14 ) pcm_latentrate_av
	2437	ENDIF
	2438
	2439	IF ( ALLOCATED( pcm_transpirationrate_av ) ) THEN
	2440	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pcm_transpirationrate_av' )
	2441	WRITE ( 14 ) pcm_transpirationrate_av
	2442	ENDIF
	2443
	2444	END SUBROUTINE pcm_wrd_local
	2445
	2446
[138]	2447	END MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod

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