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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 @ 2946

Last change on this file since 2946 was 2932, checked in by maronga, 7 years ago
renamed all Fortran NAMELISTS
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 73.1 KB

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[1826]	1	!> @file plant_canopy_model_mod.f90
[2000]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1036]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1036]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2718]	17	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[2000]	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1036]	19	!
[257]	20	! Current revisions:
[138]	21	! -----------------
[2214]	22	!
[2701]	23	!
[2214]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: plant_canopy_model_mod.f90 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z suehring $
[2932]	27	! renamed canopy_par to plant_canopy_parameters
	28	!
	29	! 2920 2018-03-22 11:22:01Z kanani
[2920]	30	! Move usm_lad_rma and prototype_lad to radiation_model (moh.hefny)
	31	!
	32	! 2892 2018-03-14 15:06:29Z suehring
[2892]	33	! Bugfix, read separate ASCII LAD files for parent and child model.
	34	!
	35	! 2770 2018-01-25 15:10:09Z kanani
[2770]	36	! Correction of parameter check
	37	!
	38	! 2768 2018-01-24 15:38:29Z kanani
[2768]	39	! Added check for output quantity pcm_heatrate, some formatting
	40	!
	41	! 2766 2018-01-22 17:17:47Z kanani
[2766]	42	! Increased LEN of canopy mode to 30
	43	!
	44	! 2746 2018-01-15 12:06:04Z suehring
[2746]	45	! Move flag plant canopy to modules
	46	!
	47	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	48	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	49	!
	50	! 2701 2017-12-15 15:40:50Z suehring
	51	! Changes from last commit documented
	52	!
	53	! 2698 2017-12-14 18:46:24Z suehring
[2701]	54	! Bugfix in get_topography_top_index
	55	!
[2716]	56	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	57	! Change in file header (GPL part)
[2696]	58	! Bugfix for vertical loop index pch_index in case of Netcdf input
	59	! Introduce 2D index array incorporate canopy top index
	60	! Check if canopy on top of topography do not exceed vertical dimension
	61	! Add check for canopy_mode in case of Netcdf input.
	62	! Enable _FillValue output for 3d quantities
	63	! Bugfix in reading of PIDS leaf area density (MS)
	64	!
	65	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	66	! coupling_char removed
	67	!
	68	! 2512 2017-10-04 08:26:59Z raasch
[2512]	69	! upper bounds of 3d output changed from nx+1,ny+1 to nx,ny
	70	! no output of ghost layer data
	71	!
	72	! 2318 2017-07-20 17:27:44Z suehring
[2318]	73	! Get topography top index via Function call
	74	!
	75	! 2317 2017-07-20 17:27:19Z suehring
[2274]	76	! Changed error messages
	77	!
	78	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
[2214]	79	!
[2233]	80	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	81	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	82	!
[2214]	83	! 2213 2017-04-24 15:10:35Z kanani
[2213]	84	! Bugfix: exchange of ghost points in array pc_heating_rate needed for output
	85	! of pcm_heatrate, onetime ghost point exchange of lad_s after initialization.
	86	! Formatting and clean-up of subroutine pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d,
	87	! minor re-organization of canopy-heating initialization.
[2008]	88	!
[2210]	89	! 2209 2017-04-19 09:34:46Z kanani
	90	! Added 3d output of leaf area density (pcm_lad) and canopy
	91	! heat rate (pcm_heatrate)
	92	!
[2025]	93	! 2024 2016-10-12 16:42:37Z kanani
	94	! Added missing lad_s initialization
	95	!
[2012]	96	! 2011 2016-09-19 17:29:57Z kanani
	97	! Renamed canopy_heat_flux to pc_heating_rate, since the original meaning/
	98	! calculation of the quantity has changed, related to the urban surface model
	99	! and similar future applications.
	100	!
[2008]	101	! 2007 2016-08-24 15:47:17Z kanani
[2007]	102	! Added SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d for reading 3d plant canopy data
	103	! from file (new case canopy_mode=read_from_file_3d) in the course of
	104	! introduction of urban surface model,
	105	! introduced variable ext_coef,
	106	! resorted SUBROUTINEs to alphabetical order
[1827]	107	!
[2001]	108	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	109	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	110	!
[1961]	111	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
	112	! Separate humidity and passive scalar
	113	!
[1954]	114	! 1953 2016-06-21 09:28:42Z suehring
	115	! Bugfix, lad_s and lad must be public
	116	!
[1827]	117	! 1826 2016-04-07 12:01:39Z maronga
	118	! Further modularization
	119	!
[1722]	120	! 1721 2015-11-16 12:56:48Z raasch
	121	! bugfixes: shf is reduced in areas covered with canopy only,
	122	! canopy is set on top of topography
	123	!
[1683]	124	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
	125	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
	126	!
[1485]	127	! 1484 2014-10-21 10:53:05Z kanani
[1484]	128	! Changes due to new module structure of the plant canopy model:
	129	! module plant_canopy_model_mod now contains a subroutine for the
[1826]	130	! initialization of the canopy model (pcm_init),
[1484]	131	! limitation of the canopy drag (previously accounted for by calculation of
	132	! a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep
	133	! in subroutine timestep) is now realized by the calculation of pre-tendencies
[1826]	134	! and preliminary velocities in subroutine pcm_tendency,
	135	! some redundant MPI communication removed in subroutine pcm_init
[1484]	136	! (was previously in init_3d_model),
	137	! unnecessary 3d-arrays lad_u, lad_v, lad_w removed - lad information on the
	138	! respective grid is now provided only by lad_s (e.g. in the calculation of
	139	! the tendency terms or of cum_lai_hf),
	140	! drag_coefficient, lai, leaf_surface_concentration,
	141	! scalar_exchange_coefficient, sec and sls renamed to canopy_drag_coeff,
	142	! cum_lai_hf, leaf_surface_conc, leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, lsec and lsc,
	143	! respectively,
	144	! unnecessary 3d-arrays cdc, lsc and lsec now defined as single-value constants,
	145	! USE-statements and ONLY-lists modified accordingly
[1341]	146	!
	147	! 1340 2014-03-25 19:45:13Z kanani
	148	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
	149	!
[1321]	150	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	151	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	152	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	153	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	154	! old module precision_kind is removed,
	155	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	156	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	157	! all variable declaration statements
[153]	158	!
[1037]	159	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	160	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	161	!
[139]	162	! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel
	163	! Initial revision
	164	!
[138]	165	! Description:
	166	! ------------
[1682]	167	!> 1) Initialization of the canopy model, e.g. construction of leaf area density
[1826]	168	!> profile (subroutine pcm_init).
[1682]	169	!> 2) Calculation of sinks and sources of momentum, heat and scalar concentration
[1826]	170	!> due to canopy elements (subroutine pcm_tendency).
[138]	171	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1682]	172	MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod
	173
[1484]	174	USE arrays_3d, &
[2232]	175	ONLY: dzu, dzw, e, q, s, tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[138]	176
[1484]	177	USE indices, &
	178	ONLY: nbgp, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxr, nxrg, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nysv, &
[2317]	179	nz, nzb, nzt
[1484]	180
	181	USE kinds
	182
[2317]	183	USE surface_mod, &
[2698]	184	ONLY: get_topography_top_index_ji
[1484]	185
[2317]	186
[1484]	187	IMPLICIT NONE
	188
	189
[2766]	190	CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: canopy_mode = 'block' !< canopy coverage
[1484]	191
[2696]	192	INTEGER(iwp) :: pch_index = 0 !< plant canopy height/top index
	193	INTEGER(iwp) :: lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(10) = -9999 !< lad-profile levels (index)
[1484]	194
[2696]	195	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pch_index_ji !< local plant canopy top
	196
[1682]	197	LOGICAL :: calc_beta_lad_profile = .FALSE. !< switch for calc. of lad from beta func.
[1484]	198
[2696]	199	REAL(wp) :: alpha_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation
	200	REAL(wp) :: beta_lad = 9999999.9_wp !< coefficient for lad calculation
	201	REAL(wp) :: canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy drag coefficient (parameter)
	202	REAL(wp) :: cdc = 0.0_wp !< canopy drag coeff. (abbreviation used in equations)
	203	REAL(wp) :: cthf = 0.0_wp !< canopy top heat flux
	204	REAL(wp) :: dt_plant_canopy = 0.0_wp !< timestep account. for canopy drag
	205	REAL(wp) :: ext_coef = 0.6_wp !< extinction coefficient
	206	REAL(wp) :: lad_surface = 0.0_wp !< lad surface value
	207	REAL(wp) :: lai_beta = 0.0_wp !< leaf area index (lai) for lad calc.
	208	REAL(wp) :: leaf_scalar_exch_coeff = 0.0_wp !< canopy scalar exchange coeff.
	209	REAL(wp) :: leaf_surface_conc = 0.0_wp !< leaf surface concentration
[2768]	210	REAL(wp) :: lsc = 0.0_wp !< leaf surface concentration
[2696]	211	REAL(wp) :: lsec = 0.0_wp !< leaf scalar exchange coeff.
[1484]	212
[2696]	213	REAL(wp) :: lad_vertical_gradient(10) = 0.0_wp !< lad gradient
	214	REAL(wp) :: lad_vertical_gradient_level(10) = -9999999.9_wp !< lad-prof. levels (in m)
[1484]	215
[1682]	216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad !< leaf area density
	217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pre_lad !< preliminary lad
[1484]	218
[2768]	219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: cum_lai_hf !< cumulative lai for heatflux calc.
	220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad_s !< lad on scalar-grid
	221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pc_heating_rate !< plant canopy heating rate
[1484]	222
	223	SAVE
	224
	225
[138]	226	PRIVATE
[1826]	227
	228	!
	229	!-- Public functions
[2209]	230	PUBLIC pcm_check_data_output, pcm_check_parameters, pcm_data_output_3d, &
	231	pcm_define_netcdf_grid, pcm_header, pcm_init, pcm_parin, pcm_tendency
[138]	232
[1826]	233	!
	234	!-- Public variables and constants
[2011]	235	PUBLIC pc_heating_rate, canopy_mode, cthf, dt_plant_canopy, lad, lad_s, &
[2920]	236	pch_index
[2007]	237
[1484]	238
[2209]	239	INTERFACE pcm_check_data_output
	240	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_data_output
	241	END INTERFACE pcm_check_data_output
	242
[1826]	243	INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters
	244	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_check_parameters
[2209]	245	END INTERFACE pcm_check_parameters
	246
	247	INTERFACE pcm_data_output_3d
	248	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_data_output_3d
	249	END INTERFACE pcm_data_output_3d
	250
	251	INTERFACE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
	252	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
	253	END INTERFACE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
[1826]	254
	255	INTERFACE pcm_header
	256	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_header
	257	END INTERFACE pcm_header
	258
	259	INTERFACE pcm_init
	260	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_init
	261	END INTERFACE pcm_init
[138]	262
[1826]	263	INTERFACE pcm_parin
	264	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_parin
[2007]	265	END INTERFACE pcm_parin
	266
	267	INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	268	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	269	END INTERFACE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
[1826]	270
	271	INTERFACE pcm_tendency
	272	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency
	273	MODULE PROCEDURE pcm_tendency_ij
	274	END INTERFACE pcm_tendency
[1484]	275
	276
[138]	277	CONTAINS
	278
[2209]	279
	280	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	281	! Description:
	282	! ------------
	283	!> Check data output for plant canopy model
	284	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	285	SUBROUTINE pcm_check_data_output( var, unit )
[1826]	286
[2209]	287
	288	USE control_parameters, &
[2770]	289	ONLY: data_output, message_string, urban_surface
[2209]	290
	291	IMPLICIT NONE
	292
	293	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
	294	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !<
	295
	296
	297	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
	298
	299	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
[2770]	300	IF ( cthf == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
[2768]	301	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
	302	'res setting of parameter cthf /= 0.0'
	303	CALL message( 'pcm_check_data_output', 'PA1000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	304	ENDIF
[2209]	305	unit = 'K s-1'
	306
	307	CASE ( 'pcm_lad' )
	308	unit = 'm2 m-3'
	309
	310
	311	CASE DEFAULT
	312	unit = 'illegal'
	313
	314	END SELECT
	315
	316
	317	END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_data_output
	318
	319
[1826]	320	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	321	! Description:
	322	! ------------
	323	!> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model
	324	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	325	SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters
[138]	326
[1826]	327	USE control_parameters, &
[2696]	328	ONLY: cloud_physics, coupling_char, message_string, &
	329	microphysics_seifert
	330
	331	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
	332	ONLY: input_file_static, input_pids_static
[1826]	333
	334
	335	IMPLICIT NONE
	336
	337
	338	IF ( canopy_drag_coeff == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	339	message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires a non-zero drag '// &
	340	'coefficient & given value is canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0'
[2768]	341	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0041', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	342	ENDIF
	343
	344	IF ( ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR.&
	345	beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. alpha_lad == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	346	message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // &
	347	'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // &
	348	'both alpha_lad and beta_lad to be /= 9999999.9'
[2768]	349	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0118', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	350	ENDIF
	351
	352	IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lai_beta == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	353	message_string = 'using the beta function for the construction ' // &
	354	'of the leaf area density profile requires ' // &
	355	'a non-zero lai_beta, but given value is ' // &
	356	'lai_beta = 0.0'
[2768]	357	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0119', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	358	ENDIF
	359
	360	IF ( calc_beta_lad_profile .AND. lad_surface /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2274]	361	message_string = 'simultaneous setting of alpha_lad /= 9999999.9 '// &
	362	'combined with beta_lad /= 9999999.9 ' // &
[1826]	363	'and lad_surface /= 0.0 is not possible, ' // &
	364	'use either vertical gradients or the beta ' // &
	365	'function for the construction of the leaf area '// &
	366	'density profile'
[2768]	367	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0120', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	368	ENDIF
	369
	370	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
	371	message_string = 'plant_canopy = .TRUE. requires cloud_scheme /=' // &
	372	' seifert_beheng'
[2768]	373	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0360', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1826]	374	ENDIF
[2696]	375	!
	376	!-- If dynamic input file is used, canopy need to be read from file
	377	IF ( input_pids_static .AND. &
	378	TRIM( canopy_mode ) /= 'read_from_file_3d' ) THEN
	379	message_string = 'Usage of dynamic input file ' // &
	380	TRIM( input_file_static ) // &
	381	TRIM( coupling_char ) // ' requires ' // &
	382	'canopy_mode = read_from_file_3d'
[2768]	383	CALL message( 'pcm_check_parameters', 'PA0999', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2696]	384	ENDIF
[1826]	385
	386
	387	END SUBROUTINE pcm_check_parameters
	388
	389
[138]	390	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2209]	391	!
[1484]	392	! Description:
	393	! ------------
[2209]	394	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables
	395	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	396	SUBROUTINE pcm_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf, fill_value )
[2209]	397
	398	USE control_parameters, &
	399	ONLY : nz_do3d
	400
	401	USE indices
	402
	403	USE kinds
	404
	405
	406	IMPLICIT NONE
	407
	408	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
	409
[2696]	410	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !<
	411	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	412	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	413	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
	414	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_topo !< topography top index
[2209]	415
	416	LOGICAL :: found !<
	417
[2696]	418	REAL(wp) :: fill_value
[2512]	419	REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb:nz_do3d) :: local_pf !<
[2209]	420
	421
	422	found = .TRUE.
	423
[2696]	424	local_pf = REAL( fill_value, KIND = 4 )
[2209]	425
	426	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
	427
	428	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate' )
	429	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[2512]	430	DO i = nxl, nxr
	431	DO j = nys, nyn
[2696]	432	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
[2698]	433	k_topo = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2696]	434	DO k = k_topo, k_topo + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	435	local_pf(i,j,k) = pc_heating_rate(k-k_topo,j,i)
	436	ENDDO
	437	ENDIF
[2209]	438	ENDDO
	439	ENDDO
	440	ENDIF
	441
	442
	443	CASE ( 'pcm_lad' )
	444	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
[2512]	445	DO i = nxl, nxr
	446	DO j = nys, nyn
[2696]	447	IF ( pch_index_ji(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
[2698]	448	k_topo = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2696]	449	DO k = k_topo, k_topo + pch_index_ji(j,i)
	450	local_pf(i,j,k) = lad_s(k-k_topo,j,i)
	451	ENDDO
	452	ENDIF
[2209]	453	ENDDO
	454	ENDDO
	455	ENDIF
	456
	457
	458	CASE DEFAULT
	459	found = .FALSE.
	460
	461	END SELECT
	462
	463
	464	END SUBROUTINE pcm_data_output_3d
	465
	466	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	467	!
	468	! Description:
	469	! ------------
	470	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
	471	!> It is called from subroutine netcdf.
	472	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	473	SUBROUTINE pcm_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
	474
	475	IMPLICIT NONE
	476
	477	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
	478	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
	479	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
	480	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
	481	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
	482
	483	found = .TRUE.
	484
	485	!
	486	!-- Check for the grid
	487	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
	488
	489	CASE ( 'pcm_heatrate', 'pcm_lad' )
	490	grid_x = 'x'
	491	grid_y = 'y'
	492	grid_z = 'zu'
	493
	494	CASE DEFAULT
	495	found = .FALSE.
	496	grid_x = 'none'
	497	grid_y = 'none'
	498	grid_z = 'none'
	499	END SELECT
	500
	501	END SUBROUTINE pcm_define_netcdf_grid
	502
	503
	504	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	505	! Description:
	506	! ------------
[1826]	507	!> Header output for plant canopy model
	508	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	509	SUBROUTINE pcm_header ( io )
	510
	511	USE control_parameters, &
	512	ONLY: dz, passive_scalar
	513
	514
	515	IMPLICIT NONE
	516
	517	CHARACTER (LEN=10) :: coor_chr !<
	518
	519	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: coordinates !<
	520	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: gradients !<
	521	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: leaf_area_density !<
	522	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: slices !<
	523
	524	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	525	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
	526	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
	527
	528	REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height (in m)
	529
	530	canopy_height = pch_index * dz
	531
	532	WRITE ( io, 1 ) canopy_mode, canopy_height, pch_index, &
	533	canopy_drag_coeff
	534	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
	535	WRITE ( io, 2 ) leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, &
	536	leaf_surface_conc
	537	ENDIF
	538
	539	!
	540	!-- Heat flux at the top of vegetation
	541	WRITE ( io, 3 ) cthf
	542
	543	!
	544	!-- Leaf area density profile, calculated either from given vertical
	545	!-- gradients or from beta probability density function.
	546	IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN
	547
	548	!-- Building output strings, starting with surface value
	549	WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface
	550	gradients = '------'
	551	slices = ' 0'
	552	coordinates = ' 0.0'
	553	i = 1
	554	DO WHILE ( i < 11 .AND. lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) &
	555	/= -9999 )
	556
	557	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i))
	558	leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // &
	559	TRIM( coor_chr )
	560
	561	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad_vertical_gradient(i)
	562	gradients = TRIM( gradients ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
	563
	564	WRITE (coor_chr,'(I7)') lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i)
	565	slices = TRIM( slices ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
	566
	567	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') lad_vertical_gradient_level(i)
	568	coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
	569
	570	i = i + 1
	571	ENDDO
	572
	573	WRITE ( io, 4 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), &
	574	TRIM( gradients ), TRIM( slices )
	575
	576	ELSE
	577
	578	WRITE ( leaf_area_density, '(F7.4)' ) lad_surface
	579	coordinates = ' 0.0'
	580
	581	DO k = 1, pch_index
	582
	583	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.2)') lad(k)
	584	leaf_area_density = TRIM( leaf_area_density ) // ' ' // &
	585	TRIM( coor_chr )
	586
	587	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F7.1)') zu(k)
	588	coordinates = TRIM( coordinates ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
	589
	590	ENDDO
	591
	592	WRITE ( io, 5 ) TRIM( coordinates ), TRIM( leaf_area_density ), &
	593	alpha_lad, beta_lad, lai_beta
	594
	595	ENDIF
	596
	597	1 FORMAT (//' Vegetation canopy (drag) model:'/ &
	598	' ------------------------------'// &
	599	' Canopy mode: ', A / &
	600	' Canopy height: ',F6.2,'m (',I4,' grid points)' / &
	601	' Leaf drag coefficient: ',F6.2 /)
	602	2 FORMAT (/ ' Scalar exchange coefficient: ',F6.2 / &
	603	' Scalar concentration at leaf surfaces in kg/m**3: ',F6.2 /)
	604	3 FORMAT (' Predefined constant heatflux at the top of the vegetation: ',F6.2, &
	605	' K m/s')
	606	4 FORMAT (/ ' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density:'// &
	607	' Height: ',A,' m'/ &
	608	' Leaf area density: ',A,' m2/m3'/ &
	609	' Gradient: ',A,' m2/m4'/ &
	610	' Gridpoint: ',A)
	611	5 FORMAT (//' Characteristic levels of the leaf area density and coefficients:'&
	612	// ' Height: ',A,' m'/ &
	613	' Leaf area density: ',A,' m2/m3'/ &
	614	' Coefficient alpha: ',F6.2 / &
	615	' Coefficient beta: ',F6.2 / &
	616	' Leaf area index: ',F6.2,' m2/m2' /)
	617
	618	END SUBROUTINE pcm_header
	619
	620
	621	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	622	! Description:
	623	! ------------
[1682]	624	!> Initialization of the plant canopy model
[138]	625	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1826]	626	SUBROUTINE pcm_init
[1484]	627
	628
	629	USE control_parameters, &
[2669]	630	ONLY: dz, humidity, io_blocks, io_group, message_string, ocean, &
	631	passive_scalar, urban_surface
[1484]	632
[2696]	633	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
	634	ONLY: leaf_area_density_f
	635
[2232]	636	USE surface_mod, &
	637	ONLY: surf_def_h, surf_lsm_h, surf_usm_h
[1484]	638
	639	IMPLICIT NONE
	640
[2007]	641	CHARACTER(10) :: pct
	642
	643	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	644	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< index
	645	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	646	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[2232]	647	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
[1484]	648
[2007]	649	REAL(wp) :: int_bpdf !< vertical integral for lad-profile construction
	650	REAL(wp) :: dzh !< vertical grid spacing in units of canopy height
	651	REAL(wp) :: gradient !< gradient for lad-profile construction
	652	REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !< canopy height for lad-profile construction
	653	REAL(wp) :: pcv(nzb:nzt+1) !<
	654
[1484]	655	!
	656	!-- Allocate one-dimensional arrays for the computation of the
	657	!-- leaf area density (lad) profile
	658	ALLOCATE( lad(0:nz+1), pre_lad(0:nz+1) )
	659	lad = 0.0_wp
	660	pre_lad = 0.0_wp
	661
	662	!
[1826]	663	!-- Set flag that indicates that the lad-profile shall be calculated by using
	664	!-- a beta probability density function
	665	IF ( alpha_lad /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. beta_lad /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	666	calc_beta_lad_profile = .TRUE.
	667	ENDIF
	668
	669
	670	!
[1484]	671	!-- Compute the profile of leaf area density used in the plant
	672	!-- canopy model. The profile can either be constructed from
	673	!-- prescribed vertical gradients of the leaf area density or by
	674	!-- using a beta probability density function (see e.g. Markkanen et al.,
	675	!-- 2003: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 106, 437-459)
	676	IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN
	677
	678	!
	679	!-- Use vertical gradients for lad-profile construction
	680	i = 1
	681	gradient = 0.0_wp
	682
	683	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
	684
	685	lad(0) = lad_surface
	686	lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(1) = 0
	687
	688	DO k = 1, pch_index
	689	IF ( i < 11 ) THEN
	690	IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) < zu(k) .AND. &
	691	lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	692	gradient = lad_vertical_gradient(i)
	693	lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) = k - 1
	694	i = i + 1
	695	ENDIF
	696	ENDIF
	697	IF ( gradient /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	698	IF ( k /= 1 ) THEN
	699	lad(k) = lad(k-1) + dzu(k) * gradient
	700	ELSE
	701	lad(k) = lad_surface + dzu(k) * gradient
	702	ENDIF
	703	ELSE
	704	lad(k) = lad(k-1)
	705	ENDIF
	706	ENDDO
	707
	708	ENDIF
	709
	710	!
	711	!-- In case of no given leaf area density gradients, choose a vanishing
	712	!-- gradient. This information is used for the HEADER and the RUN_CONTROL
	713	!-- file.
	714	IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) == -9999999.9_wp ) THEN
	715	lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) = 0.0_wp
	716	ENDIF
	717
	718	ELSE
	719
	720	!
	721	!-- Use beta function for lad-profile construction
	722	int_bpdf = 0.0_wp
	723	canopy_height = pch_index * dz
	724
[2232]	725	DO k = 0, pch_index
[1484]	726	int_bpdf = int_bpdf + &
[1826]	727	( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )*( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) &
	728	( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( &
	729	beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) &
	730	* ( ( zw(k+1)-zw(k) ) / canopy_height ) )
[1484]	731	ENDDO
	732
	733	!
	734	!-- Preliminary lad profile (defined on w-grid)
[2232]	735	DO k = 0, pch_index
[1826]	736	pre_lad(k) = lai_beta * &
	737	( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) &
	738	* ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( &
	739	beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) / int_bpdf &
	740	) / canopy_height
[1484]	741	ENDDO
	742
	743	!
	744	!-- Final lad profile (defined on scalar-grid level, since most prognostic
	745	!-- quantities are defined there, hence, less interpolation is required
	746	!-- when calculating the canopy tendencies)
	747	lad(0) = pre_lad(0)
[2232]	748	DO k = 1, pch_index
[1484]	749	lad(k) = 0.5 * ( pre_lad(k-1) + pre_lad(k) )
	750	ENDDO
	751
	752	ENDIF
	753
	754	!
[2213]	755	!-- Allocate 3D-array for the leaf area density (lad_s).
[1484]	756	ALLOCATE( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	757
	758	!
	759	!-- Initialize canopy parameters cdc (canopy drag coefficient),
	760	!-- lsec (leaf scalar exchange coefficient), lsc (leaf surface concentration)
	761	!-- with the prescribed values
	762	cdc = canopy_drag_coeff
	763	lsec = leaf_scalar_exch_coeff
	764	lsc = leaf_surface_conc
	765
	766	!
	767	!-- Initialization of the canopy coverage in the model domain:
	768	!-- Setting the parameter canopy_mode = 'block' initializes a canopy, which
	769	!-- fully covers the domain surface
	770	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) )
	771
	772	CASE( 'block' )
	773
	774	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	775	DO j = nysg, nyng
	776	lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:)
	777	ENDDO
	778	ENDDO
	779
[2007]	780	CASE ( 'read_from_file_3d' )
	781	!
[2696]	782	!-- Initialize LAD with data from file. If LAD is given in NetCDF file,
	783	!-- use these values, else take LAD profiles from ASCII file.
	784	!-- Please note, in NetCDF file LAD is only given up to the maximum
	785	!-- canopy top, indicated by leaf_area_density_f%nz.
	786	lad_s = 0.0_wp
	787	IF ( leaf_area_density_f%from_file ) THEN
	788	!
	789	!-- Set also pch_index, used to be the upper bound of the vertical
	790	!-- loops. Therefore, use the global top of the canopy layer.
	791	pch_index = leaf_area_density_f%nz - 1
	792
	793	DO i = nxl, nxr
	794	DO j = nys, nyn
	795	DO k = 0, leaf_area_density_f%nz - 1
	796	IF ( leaf_area_density_f%var(k,j,i) /= &
	797	leaf_area_density_f%fill ) &
	798	lad_s(k,j,i) = leaf_area_density_f%var(k,j,i)
	799	ENDDO
	800	ENDDO
	801	ENDDO
	802	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp )
	803	!
	804	! ASCII file
[2007]	805	!-- Initialize canopy parameters cdc (canopy drag coefficient),
	806	!-- lsec (leaf scalar exchange coefficient), lsc (leaf surface concentration)
	807	!-- from file which contains complete 3D data (separate vertical profiles for
	808	!-- each location).
[2696]	809	ELSE
	810	CALL pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	811	ENDIF
[2007]	812
[1484]	813	CASE DEFAULT
	814	!
[2007]	815	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter
	816	!-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the
	817	!-- user has coded a special case in the user interface.
	818	!-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks
	819	!-- which of these two conditions applies.
	820	CALL user_init_plant_canopy
[1484]	821
	822	END SELECT
[2696]	823	!
	824	!-- Initialize 2D index array indicating canopy top index.
	825	ALLOCATE( pch_index_ji(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	826	pch_index_ji = 0
[1484]	827
[2696]	828	DO i = nxl, nxr
	829	DO j = nys, nyn
	830	DO k = 0, pch_index
	831	IF ( lad_s(k,j,i) /= 0 ) pch_index_ji(j,i) = k
	832	ENDDO
[1484]	833	!
[2696]	834	!-- Check whether topography and local vegetation on top exceed
	835	!-- height of the model domain.
[2698]	836	k = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2696]	837	IF ( k + pch_index_ji(j,i) >= nzt + 1 ) THEN
	838	message_string = 'Local vegetation height on top of ' // &
	839	'topography exceeds height of model domain.'
	840	CALL message( 'pcm_init', 'PA0999', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	841	ENDIF
	842
	843	ENDDO
	844	ENDDO
	845
	846	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( pch_index_ji, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr, nbgp )
	847
	848	!
[2011]	849	!-- Initialization of the canopy heat source distribution due to heating
	850	!-- of the canopy layers by incoming solar radiation, in case that a non-zero
	851	!-- value is set for the canopy top heat flux (cthf), which equals the
	852	!-- available net radiation at canopy top.
	853	!-- The heat source distribution is calculated by a decaying exponential
	854	!-- function of the downward cumulative leaf area index (cum_lai_hf),
	855	!-- assuming that the foliage inside the plant canopy is heated by solar
	856	!-- radiation penetrating the canopy layers according to the distribution
	857	!-- of net radiation as suggested by Brown & Covey (1966; Agric. Meteorol. 3,
	858	!-- 73â96). This approach has been applied e.g. by Shaw & Schumann (1992;
[2213]	859	!-- Bound.-Layer Meteorol. 61, 47â64).
	860	!-- When using the urban surface model (USM), canopy heating (pc_heating_rate)
	861	!-- by radiation is calculated in the USM.
[2768]	862	IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. urban_surface ) THEN
[2213]	863
	864	ALLOCATE( cum_lai_hf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	865	pc_heating_rate(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1484]	866	!
[2011]	867	!-- Piecewise calculation of the cumulative leaf area index by vertical
[1484]	868	!-- integration of the leaf area density
	869	cum_lai_hf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	870	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	871	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2696]	872	DO k = pch_index_ji(j,i)-1, 0, -1
	873	IF ( k == pch_index_ji(j,i)-1 ) THEN
[1484]	874	cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + &
	875	( 0.5_wp * lad_s(k+1,j,i) * &
	876	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
	877	( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + &
	878	lad_s(k,j,i) ) + &
	879	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
	880	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
	881	ELSE
	882	cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + &
	883	( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+2,j,i) + &
	884	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) + &
	885	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
	886	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
	887	( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + &
	888	lad_s(k,j,i) ) + &
	889	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
	890	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
	891	ENDIF
	892	ENDDO
	893	ENDDO
	894	ENDDO
	895
[2232]	896	!
	897	!-- In areas with canopy the surface value of the canopy heat
	898	!-- flux distribution overrides the surface heat flux (shf)
	899	!-- Start with default surface type
	900	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
	901	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
	902	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) &
	903	surf_def_h(0)%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) )
	904	ENDDO
[1484]	905	!
[2232]	906	!-- Natural surfaces
	907	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
	908	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
	909	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) &
	910	surf_lsm_h%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) )
	911	ENDDO
	912	!
	913	!-- Urban surfaces
	914	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
	915	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
	916	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) &
	917	surf_usm_h%shf(m) = cthf * exp( -ext_coef * cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) )
	918	ENDDO
	919	!
	920	!
[2011]	921	!-- Calculation of the heating rate (K/s) within the different layers of
[2232]	922	!-- the plant canopy. Calculation is only necessary in areas covered with
	923	!-- canopy.
	924	!-- Within the different canopy layers the plant-canopy heating
	925	!-- rate (pc_heating_rate) is calculated as the vertical
	926	!-- divergence of the canopy heat fluxes at the top and bottom
	927	!-- of the respective layer
[1484]	928	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	929	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2696]	930	DO k = 1, pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	931	IF ( cum_lai_hf(0,j,i) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	932	pc_heating_rate(k,j,i) = cthf * &
	933	( exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k,j,i)) - &
	934	exp(-ext_coef*cum_lai_hf(k-1,j,i) ) ) / dzw(k)
	935	ENDIF
	936	ENDDO
[1721]	937	ENDDO
	938	ENDDO
[1484]	939
	940	ENDIF
	941
	942
	943
[1826]	944	END SUBROUTINE pcm_init
[1484]	945
	946
[2007]	947	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	948	! Description:
	949	! ------------
[2932]	950	!> Parin for &plant_canopy_parameters for plant canopy model
[2007]	951	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	952	SUBROUTINE pcm_parin
[1484]	953
[2746]	954	USE control_parameters, &
[2932]	955	ONLY: message_string, plant_canopy
[2007]	956
	957	IMPLICIT NONE
	958
	959	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	960
[2932]	961	NAMELIST /plant_canopy_parameters/ &
	962	alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, &
	963	canopy_mode, cthf, &
	964	lad_surface, &
	965	lad_vertical_gradient, &
	966	lad_vertical_gradient_level, &
	967	lai_beta, &
	968	leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, &
	969	leaf_surface_conc, pch_index
	970
[2007]	971	NAMELIST /canopy_par/ alpha_lad, beta_lad, canopy_drag_coeff, &
	972	canopy_mode, cthf, &
	973	lad_surface, &
	974	lad_vertical_gradient, &
	975	lad_vertical_gradient_level, &
	976	lai_beta, &
	977	leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, &
	978	leaf_surface_conc, pch_index
[2932]	979
[2007]	980	line = ' '
	981
	982	!
	983	!-- Try to find radiation model package
	984	REWIND ( 11 )
	985	line = ' '
[2932]	986	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&plant_canopy_parameters' ) == 0 )
[2007]	987	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	988	ENDDO
	989	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	990
	991	!
	992	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[2932]	993	READ ( 11, plant_canopy_parameters )
	994
	995	!
	996	!-- Set flag that indicates that the radiation model is switched on
	997	plant_canopy = .TRUE.
	998
	999	GOTO 12
	1000	!
	1001	!-- Try to find old namelist
	1002	10 REWIND ( 11 )
	1003	line = ' '
	1004	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&canopy_par' ) == 0 )
	1005	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
	1006	ENDDO
	1007	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	1008
	1009	!
	1010	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[2007]	1011	READ ( 11, canopy_par )
	1012
[2932]	1013	message_string = 'namelist canopy_par is deprecated and will be ' // &
	1014	'removed in near future. Please &use namelist ' // &
	1015	'plant_canopy_parameters instead'
	1016	CALL message( 'pcm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
	1017
[2007]	1018	!
	1019	!-- Set flag that indicates that the radiation model is switched on
	1020	plant_canopy = .TRUE.
	1021
[2932]	1022	12 CONTINUE
[2007]	1023
	1024
	1025	END SUBROUTINE pcm_parin
	1026
	1027
	1028
[1484]	1029	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1030	! Description:
	1031	! ------------
[2007]	1032	!
	1033	!> Loads 3D plant canopy data from file. File format is as follows:
	1034	!>
	1035	!> num_levels
	1036	!> dtype,x,y,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1)
	1037	!> dtype,x,y,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1)
	1038	!> dtype,x,y,value(nzb),value(nzb+1), ... ,value(nzb+num_levels-1)
	1039	!> ...
	1040	!>
	1041	!> i.e. first line determines number of levels and further lines represent plant
	1042	!> canopy data, one line per column and variable. In each data line,
	1043	!> dtype represents variable to be set:
	1044	!>
	1045	!> dtype=1: leaf area density (lad_s)
[2213]	1046	!> dtype=2....n: some additional plant canopy input data quantity
[2007]	1047	!>
	1048	!> Zeros are added automatically above num_levels until top of domain. Any
	1049	!> non-specified (x,y) columns have zero values as default.
	1050	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1051	SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
[2213]	1052
	1053	USE control_parameters, &
[2892]	1054	ONLY: coupling_char, message_string, passive_scalar
[2007]	1055
[2213]	1056	USE indices, &
	1057	ONLY: nbgp
	1058
	1059	IMPLICIT NONE
[2007]	1060
[2213]	1061	INTEGER(iwp) :: dtype !< type of input data (1=lad)
	1062	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j !< running index
	1063	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzp !< number of vertical layers of plant canopy
	1064	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzpltop !<
	1065	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzpl !<
	1066
	1067	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: col !< vertical column of input data
[2007]	1068
[2213]	1069	!
	1070	!-- Initialize lad_s array
	1071	lad_s = 0.0_wp
	1072
	1073	!
	1074	!-- Open and read plant canopy input data
[2892]	1075	OPEN(152, file='PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	1076	access='SEQUENTIAL', action='READ', status='OLD', &
	1077	form='FORMATTED', err=515)
[2213]	1078	READ(152, *, err=516, end=517) nzp !< read first line = number of vertical layers
	1079
	1080	ALLOCATE(col(0:nzp-1))
[2007]	1081
[2213]	1082	DO
	1083	READ(152, *, err=516, end=517) dtype, i, j, col(:)
	1084	IF ( i < nxlg .or. i > nxrg .or. j < nysg .or. j > nyng ) CYCLE
[2007]	1085
[2213]	1086	SELECT CASE (dtype)
	1087	CASE( 1 ) !< leaf area density
	1088	!
	1089	!-- This is just the pure canopy layer assumed to be grounded to
	1090	!-- a flat domain surface. At locations where plant canopy sits
	1091	!-- on top of any kind of topography, the vertical plant column
	1092	!-- must be "lifted", which is done in SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency.
	1093	lad_s(0:nzp-1, j, i) = col(0:nzp-1)
	1094
	1095	CASE DEFAULT
[2696]	1096	WRITE(message_string, '(a,i2,a)') &
[2213]	1097	'Unknown record type in file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D: "', dtype, '"'
	1098	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0530', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1099	END SELECT
	1100	ENDDO
[2007]	1101
[2213]	1102	515 message_string = 'error opening file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D'
	1103	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0531', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2007]	1104
[2213]	1105	516 message_string = 'error reading file PLANT_CANOPY_DATA_3D'
	1106	CALL message( 'pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d', 'PA0532', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1107
	1108	517 CLOSE(152)
	1109	DEALLOCATE(col)
	1110
	1111	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp )
[2007]	1112
	1113	END SUBROUTINE pcm_read_plant_canopy_3d
	1114
	1115
	1116
	1117	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1118	! Description:
	1119	! ------------
[1682]	1120	!> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant
	1121	!> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities.
	1122	!>
	1123	!> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0
[1826]	1124	!> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init.
[1682]	1125	!> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding
	1126	!> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at
	1127	!> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero.
	1128	!>
	1129	!> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of
	1130	!> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep
	1131	!> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy
	1132	!> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This
	1133	!> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities.
	1134	!> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different
	1135	!> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that
	1136	!> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag.
	1137	!>
	1138	!>
	1139	!> Call for all grid points
[1484]	1140	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1826]	1141	SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency( component )
[138]	1142
	1143
[1320]	1144	USE control_parameters, &
[1484]	1145	ONLY: dt_3d, message_string
[1320]	1146
	1147	USE kinds
	1148
[138]	1149	IMPLICIT NONE
	1150
[1682]	1151	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e)
	1152	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	1153	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	1154	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[2232]	1155	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
[1721]	1156	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays
[1484]	1157
[1682]	1158	REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d)
	1159	REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value
	1160	REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency
	1161	REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value
	1162	REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value
	1163	REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value
[1484]	1164
	1165
	1166	ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d
[138]	1167
	1168	!
[1484]	1169	!-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE:
[138]	1170	SELECT CASE ( component )
	1171
	1172	!
	1173	!-- u-component
	1174	CASE ( 1 )
	1175	DO i = nxlu, nxr
	1176	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1177	!
	1178	!-- Determine topography-top index on u-grid
[2698]	1179	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 'u' )
[2696]	1180	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[1484]	1181
[2232]	1182	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1183	!
	1184	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
	1185	!-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to
	1186	!-- lad_s(k,j,i), rather than being interpolated from the
	1187	!-- surrounding lad_s, because this would yield smaller lad
	1188	!-- at the canopy boundaries than inside of the canopy.
	1189	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy
	1190	!-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i).
[1721]	1191	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
	1192	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp )&
	1193	THEN
	1194	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1)
[1484]	1195	ENDIF
	1196
	1197	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1198	pre_u = 0.0_wp
	1199	!
	1200	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
	1201	pre_tend = - cdc * &
	1202	lad_local * &
	1203	SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + &
	1204	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + &
	1205	v(k,j,i) + &
	1206	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	1207	v(k,j+1,i-1) ) &
	1208	)**2 + &
	1209	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + &
	1210	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1211	w(k,j,i-1) + &
	1212	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1213	)**2 &
	1214	) * &
	1215	u(k,j,i)
	1216
	1217	!
	1218	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1219	pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1220	!
	1221	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1222	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1223	IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN
	1224	pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1225	ELSE
	1226	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1227	ENDIF
	1228	!
	1229	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1230	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1231
[138]	1232	ENDDO
	1233	ENDDO
	1234	ENDDO
	1235
	1236	!
	1237	!-- v-component
	1238	CASE ( 2 )
	1239	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1240	DO j = nysv, nyn
[2232]	1241	!
	1242	!-- Determine topography-top index on v-grid
[2698]	1243	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 'v' )
[2317]	1244
[2696]	1245	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[1484]	1246
[2232]	1247	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1248	!
	1249	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
	1250	!-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to
	1251	!-- lad_s(k,j,i), rather than being interpolated from the
	1252	!-- surrounding lad_s, because this would yield smaller lad
	1253	!-- at the canopy boundaries than inside of the canopy.
	1254	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1) canopy
	1255	!-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i).
[1721]	1256	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
	1257	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp )&
	1258	THEN
	1259	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i)
[1484]	1260	ENDIF
	1261
	1262	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1263	pre_v = 0.0_wp
	1264	!
	1265	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
	1266	pre_tend = - cdc * &
	1267	lad_local * &
	1268	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + &
	1269	u(k,j-1,i+1) + &
	1270	u(k,j,i) + &
	1271	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1272	)**2 + &
	1273	v(k,j,i)**2 + &
	1274	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + &
	1275	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1276	w(k,j-1,i) + &
	1277	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1278	)**2 &
	1279	) * &
	1280	v(k,j,i)
	1281
	1282	!
	1283	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1284	pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1285	!
	1286	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1287	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1288	IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN
	1289	pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1290	ELSE
	1291	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1292	ENDIF
	1293	!
	1294	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1295	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1296
[138]	1297	ENDDO
	1298	ENDDO
	1299	ENDDO
	1300
	1301	!
	1302	!-- w-component
	1303	CASE ( 3 )
	1304	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1305	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1306	!
	1307	!-- Determine topography-top index on w-grid
[2698]	1308	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 'w' )
[2317]	1309
[2696]	1310	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i) - 1
[1484]	1311
[2232]	1312	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1721]	1313
[1484]	1314	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1315	pre_w = 0.0_wp
	1316	!
	1317	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
	1318	pre_tend = - cdc * &
	1319	(0.5_wp * &
[1721]	1320	( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * &
[1484]	1321	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1322	u(k,j,i+1) + &
	1323	u(k+1,j,i) + &
	1324	u(k+1,j,i+1) ) &
	1325	)**2 + &
	1326	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1327	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	1328	v(k+1,j,i) + &
	1329	v(k+1,j+1,i) ) &
	1330	)**2 + &
	1331	w(k,j,i)**2 &
	1332	) * &
	1333	w(k,j,i)
	1334	!
	1335	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1336	pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1337	!
	1338	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1339	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1340	IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN
	1341	pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1342	ELSE
	1343	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1344	ENDIF
	1345	!
	1346	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1347	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1348
[138]	1349	ENDDO
	1350	ENDDO
	1351	ENDDO
	1352
	1353	!
[153]	1354	!-- potential temperature
[138]	1355	CASE ( 4 )
	1356	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1357	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1358	!
	1359	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[2698]	1360	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1361
[2696]	1362	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1363
	1364	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[2011]	1365	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pc_heating_rate(kk,j,i)
[153]	1366	ENDDO
	1367	ENDDO
	1368	ENDDO
	1369
	1370	!
[1960]	1371	!-- humidity
[153]	1372	CASE ( 5 )
	1373	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1374	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1375	!
	1376	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[2698]	1377	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1378
[2696]	1379	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1380
	1381	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1382	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
	1383	lsec * &
[1721]	1384	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
[1484]	1385	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1386	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1387	)**2 + &
	1388	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1389	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1390	)**2 + &
	1391	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1392	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1393	)**2 &
	1394	) * &
	1395	( q(k,j,i) - lsc )
[153]	1396	ENDDO
	1397	ENDDO
	1398	ENDDO
	1399
	1400	!
	1401	!-- sgs-tke
	1402	CASE ( 6 )
	1403	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1404	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1405	!
	1406	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[2698]	1407	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1408
[2696]	1409	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1410
	1411	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1484]	1412	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
	1413	2.0_wp * cdc * &
[1721]	1414	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
[1484]	1415	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1416	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1417	)**2 + &
	1418	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1419	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1420	)**2 + &
	1421	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + &
	1422	w(k+1,j,i) ) &
	1423	)**2 &
	1424	) * &
	1425	e(k,j,i)
[138]	1426	ENDDO
	1427	ENDDO
	1428	ENDDO
[1960]	1429	!
	1430	!-- scalar concentration
	1431	CASE ( 7 )
	1432	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1433	DO j = nys, nyn
[2232]	1434	!
	1435	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar-grid
[2698]	1436	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1437
[2696]	1438	DO k = k_wall+1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1439
	1440	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1960]	1441	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
	1442	lsec * &
	1443	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
	1444	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1445	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1446	)**2 + &
	1447	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1448	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1449	)**2 + &
	1450	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1451	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1452	)**2 &
	1453	) * &
	1454	( s(k,j,i) - lsc )
	1455	ENDDO
	1456	ENDDO
	1457	ENDDO
[1484]	1458
	1459
[1960]	1460
[138]	1461	CASE DEFAULT
	1462
[257]	1463	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component
[1826]	1464	CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[138]	1465
	1466	END SELECT
	1467
[1826]	1468	END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency
[138]	1469
	1470
	1471	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1484]	1472	! Description:
	1473	! ------------
[1682]	1474	!> Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant
	1475	!> canopy on momentum and scalar quantities.
	1476	!>
	1477	!> The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0
[1826]	1478	!> (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine pcm_init.
[1682]	1479	!> The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding
	1480	!> lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at
	1481	!> k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero.
	1482	!>
	1483	!> The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of
	1484	!> a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep
	1485	!> in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy
	1486	!> drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This
	1487	!> limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities.
	1488	!> It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different
	1489	!> sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that
	1490	!> the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag.
	1491	!>
	1492	!>
	1493	!> Call for grid point i,j
[138]	1494	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1826]	1495	SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij( i, j, component )
[138]	1496
	1497
[1320]	1498	USE control_parameters, &
[1484]	1499	ONLY: dt_3d, message_string
[1320]	1500
	1501	USE kinds
	1502
[138]	1503	IMPLICIT NONE
	1504
[1682]	1505	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e)
	1506	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	1507	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	1508	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[2232]	1509	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
[1721]	1510	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index for flat lad arrays
[138]	1511
[1682]	1512	REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !< inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d)
	1513	REAL(wp) :: lad_local !< local lad value
	1514	REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !< preliminary tendency
	1515	REAL(wp) :: pre_u !< preliminary u-value
	1516	REAL(wp) :: pre_v !< preliminary v-value
	1517	REAL(wp) :: pre_w !< preliminary w-value
[1484]	1518
	1519
	1520	ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d
[138]	1521	!
[1484]	1522	!-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE
[142]	1523	SELECT CASE ( component )
[138]	1524
	1525	!
[142]	1526	!-- u-component
[1484]	1527	CASE ( 1 )
[2232]	1528	!
	1529	!-- Determine topography-top index on u-grid
[2698]	1530	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 'u' )
[2696]	1531	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2317]	1532
[2696]	1533	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[138]	1534
	1535	!
[1484]	1536	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
	1537	!-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i),
	1538	!-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s,
	1539	!-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries
	1540	!-- than inside of the canopy.
	1541	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy
	1542	!-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i).
[1721]	1543	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
	1544	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1545	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i-1)
[1484]	1546	ENDIF
	1547
	1548	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1549	pre_u = 0.0_wp
	1550	!
	1551	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
	1552	pre_tend = - cdc * &
	1553	lad_local * &
	1554	SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + &
	1555	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + &
	1556	v(k,j,i) + &
	1557	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	1558	v(k,j+1,i-1) ) &
	1559	)**2 + &
	1560	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + &
	1561	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1562	w(k,j,i-1) + &
	1563	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1564	)**2 &
	1565	) * &
	1566	u(k,j,i)
	1567
	1568	!
	1569	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1570	pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1571	!
	1572	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1573	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1574	IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN
	1575	pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1576	ELSE
	1577	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1578	ENDIF
	1579	!
	1580	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1581	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1582	ENDDO
	1583
	1584
	1585	!
[142]	1586	!-- v-component
[1484]	1587	CASE ( 2 )
[2232]	1588	!
	1589	!-- Determine topography-top index on v-grid
[2698]	1590	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 'v' )
[2317]	1591
[2696]	1592	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[138]	1593
[2232]	1594	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[138]	1595	!
[1484]	1596	!-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy,
	1597	!-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i),
	1598	!-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s,
	1599	!-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries
	1600	!-- than inside of the canopy.
	1601	!-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy
	1602	!-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i).
[1721]	1603	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j,i)
	1604	IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. lad_s(kk,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1605	lad_local = lad_s(kk,j-1,i)
[1484]	1606	ENDIF
	1607
	1608	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1609	pre_v = 0.0_wp
	1610	!
	1611	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
	1612	pre_tend = - cdc * &
	1613	lad_local * &
	1614	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + &
	1615	u(k,j-1,i+1) + &
	1616	u(k,j,i) + &
	1617	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1618	)**2 + &
	1619	v(k,j,i)**2 + &
	1620	( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + &
	1621	w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1622	w(k,j-1,i) + &
	1623	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1624	)**2 &
	1625	) * &
	1626	v(k,j,i)
	1627
	1628	!
	1629	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1630	pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1631	!
	1632	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1633	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1634	IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN
	1635	pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1636	ELSE
	1637	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1638	ENDIF
	1639	!
	1640	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1641	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1642	ENDDO
	1643
	1644
	1645	!
[142]	1646	!-- w-component
[1484]	1647	CASE ( 3 )
[2232]	1648	!
	1649	!-- Determine topography-top index on w-grid
[2698]	1650	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 'w' )
[2317]	1651
[2696]	1652	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i) - 1
[138]	1653
[2232]	1654	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[1721]	1655
[1484]	1656	pre_tend = 0.0_wp
	1657	pre_w = 0.0_wp
[138]	1658	!
[1484]	1659	!-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency
	1660	pre_tend = - cdc * &
	1661	(0.5_wp * &
[1721]	1662	( lad_s(kk+1,j,i) + lad_s(kk,j,i) )) * &
[1484]	1663	SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1664	u(k,j,i+1) + &
	1665	u(k+1,j,i) + &
	1666	u(k+1,j,i+1) ) &
	1667	)**2 + &
	1668	( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1669	v(k,j+1,i) + &
	1670	v(k+1,j,i) + &
	1671	v(k+1,j+1,i) ) &
	1672	)**2 + &
	1673	w(k,j,i)**2 &
	1674	) * &
	1675	w(k,j,i)
	1676	!
	1677	!-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend
	1678	pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend
	1679	!
	1680	!-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity,
	1681	!-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency
	1682	IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN
	1683	pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d
	1684	ELSE
	1685	pre_tend = pre_tend
	1686	ENDIF
	1687	!
	1688	!-- Calculate final tendency
	1689	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend
	1690	ENDDO
	1691
	1692	!
[153]	1693	!-- potential temperature
	1694	CASE ( 4 )
[2232]	1695	!
	1696	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[2698]	1697	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1698
[2696]	1699	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1700	kk = k - k_wall !- lad arrays are defined flat
[2011]	1701	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pc_heating_rate(kk,j,i)
[153]	1702	ENDDO
	1703
	1704
	1705	!
[1960]	1706	!-- humidity
[153]	1707	CASE ( 5 )
[2232]	1708	!
	1709	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[2698]	1710	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1711
[2696]	1712	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1713
	1714	kk = k - k_wall
[1484]	1715	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
	1716	lsec * &
[1721]	1717	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
[1484]	1718	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1719	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1720	)**2 + &
	1721	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1722	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1723	)**2 + &
	1724	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1725	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1726	)**2 &
	1727	) * &
	1728	( q(k,j,i) - lsc )
[153]	1729	ENDDO
	1730
	1731	!
[142]	1732	!-- sgs-tke
[1484]	1733	CASE ( 6 )
[2232]	1734	!
	1735	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[2698]	1736	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1737
[2696]	1738	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1739
	1740	kk = k - k_wall
[1484]	1741	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
	1742	2.0_wp * cdc * &
[1721]	1743	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
[1484]	1744	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1745	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1746	)**2 + &
	1747	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1748	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1749	)**2 + &
	1750	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + &
	1751	w(k+1,j,i) ) &
	1752	)**2 &
	1753	) * &
	1754	e(k,j,i)
	1755	ENDDO
[1960]	1756
	1757	!
	1758	!-- scalar concentration
	1759	CASE ( 7 )
[2232]	1760	!
	1761	!-- Determine topography-top index on scalar grid
[2698]	1762	k_wall = get_topography_top_index_ji( j, i, 's' )
[2317]	1763
[2696]	1764	DO k = k_wall + 1, k_wall + pch_index_ji(j,i)
[2232]	1765
	1766	kk = k - k_wall
[1960]	1767	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - &
	1768	lsec * &
	1769	lad_s(kk,j,i) * &
	1770	SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + &
	1771	u(k,j,i+1) ) &
	1772	)**2 + &
	1773	( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + &
	1774	v(k,j+1,i) ) &
	1775	)**2 + &
	1776	( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + &
	1777	w(k,j,i) ) &
	1778	)**2 &
	1779	) * &
	1780	( s(k,j,i) - lsc )
	1781	ENDDO
[138]	1782
[142]	1783	CASE DEFAULT
[138]	1784
[257]	1785	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component
[1826]	1786	CALL message( 'pcm_tendency', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[138]	1787
[142]	1788	END SELECT
[138]	1789
[1826]	1790	END SUBROUTINE pcm_tendency_ij
[138]	1791
[2007]	1792
	1793
[138]	1794	END MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod

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