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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1873

Last change on this file since 1873 was 1873, checked in by maronga, 9 years ago
revised renaming of modules
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 38.8 KB

Rev	Line
[1873]	1	!> @file lpm_init.f90
[1036]	2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	3	! This file is part of PALM.
	4	!
	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
	6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
	7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	8	!
	9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	12	!
	13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	15	!
[1818]	16	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1036]	17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	18	!
[254]	19	! Current revisions:
[1]	20	! -----------------
[1873]	21	! Module renamed (removed _mod)
[1872]	22
[1851]	23	!
[1321]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1873 2016-04-18 14:50:06Z maronga $
	27	!
[1872]	28	! 1871 2016-04-15 11:46:09Z hoffmann
	29	! Initialization of aerosols added.
	30	!
[1851]	31	! 1850 2016-04-08 13:29:27Z maronga
	32	! Module renamed
	33	!
[1832]	34	! 1831 2016-04-07 13:15:51Z hoffmann
	35	! curvature_solution_effects moved to particle_attributes
	36	!
[1823]	37	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
	38	! Unused variables removed.
	39	!
[1784]	40	! 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch
	41	! netcdf module added
	42	!
[1726]	43	! 1725 2015-11-17 13:01:51Z hoffmann
	44	! Bugfix: Processor-dependent seed for random function is generated before it is
	45	! used.
	46	!
[1692]	47	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
	48	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
	49	!
[1686]	50	! 1685 2015-10-08 07:32:13Z raasch
	51	! bugfix concerning vertical index offset in case of ocean
	52	!
[1683]	53	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
	54	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
	55	!
[1576]	56	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
	57	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
	58	!
[1360]	59	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
	60	! New particle structure integrated.
	61	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
	62	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
	63	!
[1329]	64	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
	65	! -netcdf_output
	66	!
[1323]	67	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
	68	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
	69	!
[1321]	70	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	71	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	72	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	73	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	74	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	75	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	76	! all variable declaration statements
	77	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
[850]	78	!
[1315]	79	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
	80	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
	81	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
	82	!
[1093]	83	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
	84	! unused variables removed
	85	!
[1037]	86	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	87	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	88	!
[850]	89	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
[849]	90	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
	91	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
	92	! advec_particles),
	93	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
[392]	94	!
[829]	95	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
	96	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
	97	!
[826]	98	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
	99	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
	100	! array particles implemented as pointer
	101	!
[668]	102	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
	103	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
	104	! of arrays.
	105	!
[1]	106	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
	107	! Initial revision
	108	!
	109	!
	110	! Description:
	111	! ------------
[1682]	112	!> This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
	113	!> radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
[1]	114	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1682]	115	MODULE lpm_init_mod
	116
[1]	117
[1320]	118	USE arrays_3d, &
	119	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
	120
	121	USE control_parameters, &
[1691]	122	ONLY: cloud_droplets, constant_flux_layer, current_timestep_number, &
[1783]	123	dz, initializing_actions, message_string, ocean, simulated_time
[1320]	124
	125	USE grid_variables, &
[1359]	126	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
[1320]	127
	128	USE indices, &
[1575]	129	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
	130	nzb_w_inner, nzt
[1320]	131
	132	USE kinds
	133
	134	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	135	ONLY: init_kernels
	136
[1783]	137	USE netcdf_interface, &
	138	ONLY: netcdf_data_format
	139
[1320]	140	USE particle_attributes, &
[1359]	141	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
	142	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
[1831]	143	curvature_solution_effects, &
[1822]	144	density_ratio, grid_particles, &
[1359]	145	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
	146	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
	147	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
[1822]	148	min_nr_particle, mpi_particle_type, &
	149	number_of_particles, &
[1320]	150	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
[1822]	151	offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
[1359]	152	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
	153	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
[1822]	154	particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
[1359]	155	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
[1320]	156	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
[1822]	157	seed_follows_topography, sort_count, &
	158	total_number_of_particles, &
	159	use_sgs_for_particles, &
[1359]	160	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
	161	z0_av_global
[1320]	162
[1]	163	USE pegrid
	164
[1320]	165	USE random_function_mod, &
	166	ONLY: random_function
[1]	167
[1359]	168	IMPLICIT NONE
[1320]	169
[1359]	170	PRIVATE
	171
[1682]	172	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !<
	173	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !<
[1359]	174
	175	INTERFACE lpm_init
	176	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
	177	END INTERFACE lpm_init
	178
	179	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	180	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
	181	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	182
	183	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
	184
	185	CONTAINS
	186
[1682]	187	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	188	! Description:
	189	! ------------
	190	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
	191	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1359]	192	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	193
	194	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	195	ONLY: init_kernels
	196
[1]	197	IMPLICIT NONE
	198
[1682]	199	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	200	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	201	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
[1320]	202
[1]	203	#if defined( __parallel )
[1682]	204	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !<
	205	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !<
	206	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !<
[1]	207	#endif
	208
[1682]	209	REAL(wp) :: height_int !<
	210	REAL(wp) :: height_p !<
	211	REAL(wp) :: z_p !<
	212	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !<
[1]	213
	214	#if defined( __parallel )
	215	!
	216	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
[82]	217	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
[1359]	218	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
	219	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
	220
[1]	221	types(1) = MPI_REAL
	222	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
	223	types(3) = MPI_UB
	224	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
	225	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	226	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	227	#endif
	228
	229	!
[150]	230	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
	231	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
	232	IF ( ocean ) THEN
	233	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
	234	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
	235	ENDIF
	236
[1359]	237	!
	238	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
[150]	239
[1359]	240	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
	241	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
	242	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
	243	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
	244	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
	245	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
	246	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
	247	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
[150]	248	!
[1]	249	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
	250	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
[274]	251	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
	252	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
[254]	253	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
	254	max_number_of_particle_groups
[849]	255	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	256	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
	257	ENDIF
	258
	259	!
	260	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
[1359]	261	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
	262	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
	263	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
	264	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
	265	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
	266	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
[1]	267
[1359]	268	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
	269	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
	270	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
[1]	271
	272	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	273	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
	274	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
	275	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
	276	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
	277	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
	278	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
	279	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
	280	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
	281	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
[1]	282	ENDDO
	283
	284	!
[849]	285	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
[1822]	286	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .AND. .NOT. cloud_droplets ) THEN
[849]	287	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	288	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	289	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	290	ENDIF
	291
	292	!
[1314]	293	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
	294	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
	295	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
	296	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
	297	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
	298	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
	299	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
[1691]	300	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
[1314]	301
	302	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
	303	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
	304
	305	!
	306	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
	307	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
	308	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
	309	!-- negligible.
	310	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1359]	311	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
[1314]	312
[1320]	313	#if defined( __parallel )
[1314]	314	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	315	comm2d, ierr )
[1320]	316	#else
	317	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
	318	#endif
[1314]	319
	320	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
	321	!
	322	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
[1359]	323	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
[1314]	324	!
	325	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
[1322]	326	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
[1314]	327	!
	328	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
[1359]	329	height_p = 0.0_wp
[1314]	330	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
	331
	332	height_p = height_p + height_int
	333	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
	334
	335	ENDDO
	336
	337
	338	ENDIF
	339
	340	!
[1359]	341	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
	342	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
	343
	344	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	345	ibc_par_b = 1
	346
	347	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	348	ibc_par_b = 2
	349
	350	CASE DEFAULT
	351	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	352	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
	353	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	354
	355	END SELECT
	356	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
	357
	358	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	359	ibc_par_t = 1
	360
	361	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	362	ibc_par_t = 2
	363
	364	CASE DEFAULT
	365	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	366	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
	367	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	368
	369	END SELECT
	370	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
	371
	372	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	373	ibc_par_lr = 0
	374
	375	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	376	ibc_par_lr = 1
	377
	378	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	379	ibc_par_lr = 2
	380
	381	CASE DEFAULT
	382	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	383	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
	384	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	385
	386	END SELECT
	387	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
	388
	389	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	390	ibc_par_ns = 0
	391
	392	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	393	ibc_par_ns = 1
	394
	395	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	396	ibc_par_ns = 2
	397
	398	CASE DEFAULT
	399	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	400	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
	401	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	402
	403	END SELECT
	404
	405	!
[828]	406	!-- Initialize collision kernels
	407	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
	408
	409	!
[1]	410	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
[849]	411	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
[1]	412	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
	413	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
	414
[849]	415	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
[1]	416
	417	ELSE
	418
	419	!
	420	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
	421	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
[1359]	422	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	423	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1]	424
[1359]	425	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
	426	number_of_particles = 0
[792]	427
	428	sort_count = 0
[1359]	429	prt_count = 0
[792]	430
[1]	431	!
	432	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
	433	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
	434	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
[1359]	435	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	436	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	437	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	438	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
	439	0, .FALSE., -1)
[1822]	440
[1359]	441	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
[1]	442
	443	!
	444	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
	445	!-- groups, if necessary
[1359]	446	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
	447	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
[1]	448	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	449	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
[1]	450	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
	451	ENDIF
[1359]	452	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
[1]	453	ENDDO
	454
	455	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	456	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
[254]	457	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
	458	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
[849]	459	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	460	ENDIF
	461	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
	462	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
	463	ENDDO
	464
	465	!
[1359]	466	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
	467	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
	468	!-- different on the different PEs.
	469	iran_part = iran_part + myid
	470
[1725]	471	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
	472
[1359]	473	!
	474	!-- User modification of initial particles
	475	CALL user_lpm_init
	476
	477	!
	478	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
	479	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
	480	CALL check_open( 80 )
	481	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
	482	number_of_particles, &
	483	maximum_number_of_particles
	484	CALL close_file( 80 )
	485	ENDIF
	486
	487	ENDIF
	488
	489	!
	490	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
	491	!-- first grid cell
	492	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
	493	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	494
	495	!
	496	!-- Formats
	497	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
	498
	499	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	500
[1682]	501	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	502	! Description:
	503	! ------------
	504	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
	505	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1359]	506	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
	507
	508	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
	509	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
	510
	511	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
	512	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
	513
[1871]	514	USE particle_attributes, &
	515	ONLY: monodisperse_aerosols
	516
[1359]	517	IMPLICIT NONE
	518
[1682]	519	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !<
	520	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	521	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
	522	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	523	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
	524	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
	525	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !<
	526	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
	527	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !<
[1359]	528
[1682]	529	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !<
[1359]	530
[1682]	531	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !<
	532	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !<
[1359]	533
[1682]	534	LOGICAL :: first_stride !<
[1359]	535
[1682]	536	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !<
	537	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !<
	538	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !<
[1359]	539
[1682]	540	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !<
[1359]	541
	542	!
	543	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
	544	!-- particle is situated on this PE
	545	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
	546	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
	547	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	548	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
	549	ELSE
	550	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
	551	ENDIF
	552
[1]	553	n = 0
	554	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
	555
	556	pos_z = psb(i)
	557
	558	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
	559
	560	pos_y = pss(i)
	561
	562	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
	563
[1359]	564	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
	565	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
[1]	566
	567	pos_x = psl(i)
	568
[1575]	569	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
[1]	570
[1359]	571	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
	572	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
[1]	573
	574	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
	575
	576	n = n + 1
[1359]	577	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	578	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	579	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	580	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
	581	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
	582	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
[1822]	583	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = 0.0_wp !unused
[1359]	584	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
[824]	585	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	586	!
	587	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	588	!-- for Rosenbrock method
[1871]	589	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-6_wp !last Rosenbrock timestep
	590	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.1E-6_wp !dry aerosol radius
	591	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp !unused
[824]	592	ELSE
	593	!
	594	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
[1359]	595	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	596	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	597	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[824]	598	ENDIF
[1359]	599	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
	600	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
	601	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
	602	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	603	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	604	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	605	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	606	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	607	tmp_particle%class = 1
	608	tmp_particle%group = i
[1822]	609	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0 !unused
[1359]	610	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
[1822]	611	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0 !unused
	612
[1]	613	!
[1575]	614	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
[1359]	615	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	616	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[1685]	617	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
[1]	618
[1575]	619	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
	620	!
	621	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
	622	kp = kp + nzb_w_inner(jp,ip)
	623	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(kp)
	624	IF ( kp > nzt ) THEN
	625	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	626	CYCLE xloop
	627	ENDIF
	628	ENDIF
	629
[1359]	630	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
	631	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
	632	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
	633	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
	634	ENDIF
	635	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
	636	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
	637	ENDIF
	638	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
	639	ENDIF
[1]	640	ENDDO
	641
	642	ENDIF
	643
	644	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	645
[1575]	646	ENDDO xloop
[1]	647
	648	ENDIF
	649
	650	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
	651
	652	ENDDO
	653
	654	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
	655
	656	ENDDO
	657
	658	ENDDO
	659
[1359]	660	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	661	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	662	DO jp = nys, nyn
	663	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	664	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
	665	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	666	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
	667	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
	668	min_nr_particle )
	669	ELSE
	670	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
	671	ENDIF
	672	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
	673	DO n = 1, alloc_size
	674	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
	675	ENDDO
	676	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
	677	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	678	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	679	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
	680	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
	681	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
	682	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
	683	ENDIF
	684	ENDIF
	685	ENDIF
	686	ENDDO
	687	ENDDO
	688	ENDDO
	689	ENDIF
	690	ENDDO
[1]	691
[1359]	692	local_start = prt_count+1
	693	prt_count = local_count
[1871]	694
[1]	695	!
[1871]	696	!-- Initialize aerosol background spectrum
	697	IF ( curvature_solution_effects .AND. .NOT. monodisperse_aerosols ) THEN
	698	CALL lpm_init_aerosols(local_start)
	699	ENDIF
	700
	701	!
[1359]	702	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
	703	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
	704	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	705	DO jp = nys, nyn
	706	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	707	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	708	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	709	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
[1]	710
[1359]	711	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
	712	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	713	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
	714	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	715	pdx(particles(n)%group)
	716	ENDIF
	717	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	718	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
	719	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	720	pdy(particles(n)%group)
	721	ENDIF
	722	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	723	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
	724	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	725	pdz(particles(n)%group)
	726	ENDIF
	727	ENDDO
[1]	728	!
[1359]	729	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
	730	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
	731	ENDDO
	732	ENDDO
	733	ENDDO
[1]	734	!
[1359]	735	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
	736	CALL lpm_move_particle
	737	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
[1]	738
[1359]	739	ENDIF
[1]	740	!
[1359]	741	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
	742	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
	743	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
	744	!-- position.
	745	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
[1]	746
	747	!
[1359]	748	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
	749	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
	750	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	751	DO jp = nys, nyn
	752	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	753	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
	754	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
	755	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
	756	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
[1]	757	ENDDO
[1359]	758	ENDDO
	759	ENDDO
[1]	760	!
[1822]	761	!-- Calculate the number of particles of the total domain
[1]	762	#if defined( __parallel )
[1359]	763	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	764	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
	765	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1]	766	#else
[1359]	767	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
[1]	768	#endif
	769
[1359]	770	RETURN
[1]	771
[1359]	772	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
[336]	773
[1871]	774	SUBROUTINE lpm_init_aerosols(local_start)
	775
	776	USE arrays_3d, &
	777	ONLY: hyp, pt, q
	778
	779	USE cloud_parameters, &
	780	ONLY: l_d_rv, rho_l
	781
	782	USE constants, &
	783	ONLY: pi
	784
	785	USE kinds
	786
	787	USE particle_attributes, &
	788	ONLY: init_aerosol_probabilistic, molecular_weight_of_solute, &
	789	molecular_weight_of_water, n1, n2, n3, rho_s, rm1, rm2, rm3, &
	790	s1, s2, s3, vanthoff
	791
	792	IMPLICIT NONE
	793
	794	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cdf !< CDF of aerosol spectrum
	795	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r_temp !< dry aerosol radius spectrum
	796
	797	REAL(wp) :: bfactor !< solute effects
	798	REAL(wp) :: dr !< width of radius bin
	799	REAL(wp) :: e_a !< vapor pressure
	800	REAL(wp) :: e_s !< saturation vapor pressure
	801	REAL(wp) :: n_init !< sum of all aerosol concentrations
	802	REAL(wp) :: pdf !< PDF of aerosol spectrum
	803	REAL(wp) :: rmin = 1.0e-8_wp !< minimum aerosol radius
	804	REAL(wp) :: rmax = 1.0e-6_wp !< maximum aerosol radius
	805	REAL(wp) :: rs_rand !< random number
	806	REAL(wp) :: r_mid !< mean radius
	807	REAL(wp) :: t_int !< temperature
	808	REAL(wp) :: weight_sum !< sum of all weighting factors
	809
	810	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), INTENT(IN) :: local_start !<
	811
	812	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
	813	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
	814	INTEGER(iwp) :: no_bins = 999 !< number of bins
	815	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
	816	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
	817	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
	818
	819	LOGICAL :: new_pdf = .FALSE. !< check if aerosol PDF has to be recalculated
	820
	821	!
	822	!-- Compute aerosol background distribution
	823	IF ( init_aerosol_probabilistic ) THEN
	824	ALLOCATE( cdf(0:no_bins), r_temp(0:no_bins) )
	825	DO n = 0, no_bins
	826	r_temp(n) = EXP( LOG(rmin) + ( LOG(rmax) - LOG(rmin ) ) / &
	827	REAL(no_bins, KIND=wp) * REAL(n, KIND=wp) )
	828
	829	cdf(n) = 0.0_wp
	830	n_init = n1 + n2 + n3
	831	IF ( n1 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	832	cdf(n) = cdf(n) + n1 / n_init * ( 0.5_wp + 0.5_wp * &
	833	ERF( LOG( r_temp(n) / rm1 ) / &
	834	( SQRT(2.0_wp) * LOG(s1) ) &
	835	) )
	836	ENDIF
	837	IF ( n2 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	838	cdf(n) = cdf(n) + n2 / n_init * ( 0.5_wp + 0.5_wp * &
	839	ERF( LOG( r_temp(n) / rm2 ) / &
	840	( SQRT(2.0_wp) * LOG(s2) ) &
	841	) )
	842	ENDIF
	843	IF ( n3 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	844	cdf(n) = cdf(n) + n3 / n_init * ( 0.5_wp + 0.5_wp * &
	845	ERF( LOG( r_temp(n) / rm3 ) / &
	846	( SQRT(2.0_wp) * LOG(s3) ) &
	847	) )
	848	ENDIF
	849
	850	ENDDO
	851	ENDIF
	852
	853	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	854	DO jp = nys, nyn
	855	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	856
	857	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	858	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	859	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	860	!
	861	!-- Initialize the aerosols with a predefined spectral distribution
	862	!-- of the dry radius (logarithmically increasing bins) and a varying
	863	!-- weighting factor
	864	IF ( .NOT. init_aerosol_probabilistic ) THEN
	865
	866	new_pdf = .FALSE.
	867	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( r_temp ) ) THEN
	868	new_pdf = .TRUE.
	869	ELSE
	870	IF ( SIZE( r_temp ) .NE. &
	871	number_of_particles - local_start(kp,jp,ip) + 2 ) THEN
	872	new_pdf = .TRUE.
	873	DEALLOCATE( r_temp )
	874	ENDIF
	875	ENDIF
	876
	877	IF ( new_pdf ) THEN
	878
	879	no_bins = number_of_particles + 1 - local_start(kp,jp,ip)
	880	ALLOCATE( r_temp(0:no_bins) )
	881
	882	DO n = 0, no_bins
	883	r_temp(n) = EXP( LOG(rmin) + ( LOG(rmax) - LOG(rmin ) ) / &
	884	REAL(no_bins, KIND=wp) * &
	885	REAL(n, KIND=wp) )
	886	ENDDO
	887
	888	ENDIF
	889
	890	!
	891	!-- Calculate radius and concentration of each aerosol
	892	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles
	893
	894	nn = n - local_start(kp,jp,ip)
	895
	896	r_mid = SQRT( r_temp(nn) * r_temp(nn+1) )
	897	dr = r_temp(nn+1) - r_temp(nn)
	898
	899	pdf = 0.0_wp
	900	n_init = n1 + n2 + n3
	901	IF ( n1 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	902	pdf = pdf + n1 / n_init * ( 1.0_wp / ( r_mid * LOG(s1) * &
	903	SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) &
	904	) * &
	905	EXP( -( LOG( r_mid / rm1 ) )**2 / &
	906	( 2.0_wp * LOG(s1)**2 ) &
	907	) &
	908	)
	909	ENDIF
	910	IF ( n2 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	911	pdf = pdf + n2 / n_init * ( 1.0_wp / ( r_mid * LOG(s2) * &
	912	SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) &
	913	) * &
	914	EXP( -( LOG( r_mid / rm2 ) )**2 / &
	915	( 2.0_wp * LOG(s2)**2 ) &
	916	) &
	917	)
	918	ENDIF
	919	IF ( n3 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
	920	pdf = pdf + n3 / n_init * ( 1.0_wp / ( r_mid * LOG(s3) * &
	921	SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) &
	922	) * &
	923	EXP( -( LOG( r_mid / rm3 ) )**2 / &
	924	( 2.0_wp * LOG(s3)**2 ) &
	925	) &
	926	)
	927	ENDIF
	928
	929	particles(n)%rvar2 = r_mid
	930	particles(n)%weight_factor = pdf * dr
	931
	932	END DO
	933	!
	934	!-- Adjust weighting factors to initialize the same number of aerosols
	935	!-- in every grid box
	936	weight_sum = SUM(particles(local_start(kp,jp,ip):number_of_particles)%weight_factor)
	937
	938	particles(local_start(kp,jp,ip):number_of_particles)%weight_factor = &
	939	particles(local_start(kp,jp,ip):number_of_particles)%weight_factor / &
	940	weight_sum * initial_weighting_factor * ( no_bins + 1 )
	941
	942	ENDIF
	943	!
	944	!-- Initialize the aerosols with a predefined weighting factor but
	945	!-- a randomly choosen dry radius
	946	IF ( init_aerosol_probabilistic ) THEN
	947
	948	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
	949
	950	rs_rand = -1.0_wp
	951	DO WHILE ( rs_rand .LT. cdf(0) .OR. rs_rand .GE. cdf(no_bins) )
	952	rs_rand = random_function( iran_part )
	953	ENDDO
	954	!
	955	!-- Determine aerosol dry radius by a random number generator
	956	DO nn = 0, no_bins-1
	957	IF ( cdf(nn) .LE. rs_rand .AND. cdf(nn+1) .GT. rs_rand ) THEN
	958	particles(n)%rvar2 = r_temp(nn) + ( r_temp(nn+1) - r_temp(nn) ) / &
	959	( cdf(nn+1) - cdf(nn) ) * ( rs_rand - cdf(nn) )
	960	EXIT
	961	ENDIF
	962	ENDDO
	963
	964	ENDDO
	965
	966	ENDIF
	967
	968	!
	969	!-- Set particle radius to equilibrium radius based on the environmental
	970	!-- supersaturation (Khvorostyanov and Curry, 2007, JGR). This avoids
	971	!-- the sometimes lengthy growth toward their equilibrium radius within
	972	!-- the simulation.
	973	t_int = pt(kp,jp,ip) * ( hyp(kp) / 100000.0_wp )**0.286_wp
	974
	975	e_s = 611.0_wp * EXP( l_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / t_int ) )
	976	e_a = q(kp,jp,ip) * hyp(kp) / ( 0.378_wp * q(kp,jp,ip) + 0.622_wp )
	977
	978	!
	979	!-- The formula is only valid for subsaturated environments. In (super-)
	980	!-- saturated air, the inital radius is used.
	981	IF ( e_a / e_s < 1.0_wp ) THEN
	982
	983	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
	984
	985	bfactor = vanthoff * molecular_weight_of_water * &
	986	rho_s * particles(n)%rvar2**3 / &
	987	( molecular_weight_of_solute * rho_l )
	988	particles(n)%radius = particles(n)%rvar2 * ( bfactor / &
	989	particles(n)%rvar23 )(1.0_wp/3.0_wp) *&
	990	( 1.0_wp - e_a / e_s )**(-1.0_wp/3.0_wp)
	991
	992	ENDDO
	993
	994	ENDIF
	995
	996	ENDDO
	997	ENDDO
	998	ENDDO
	999	!
	1000	!-- Deallocate used arrays
	1001	IF ( ALLOCATED(r_temp) ) DEALLOCATE( r_temp )
	1002	IF ( ALLOCATED(cdf) ) DEALLOCATE( cdf )
	1003
	1004	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init_aerosols
	1005
[1359]	1006	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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