source: palm/trunk/TUTORIAL/SOURCE/exercise_neutral.tex @ 1434

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1% $Id: exercise_neutral.tex 1228 2013-09-19 15:14:26Z keck $
2\input{header_tmp.tex}
3%\input{../header_lectures.tex}
4
5\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
6\usepackage{ngerman}
7\usepackage{pgf}
8\usetheme{Dresden}
9\usepackage{subfigure}
10\usepackage{units}
11\usepackage{tabto}
12\usepackage{multimedia}
13\usepackage{hyperref}
14\newcommand{\event}[1]{\newcommand{\eventname}{#1}}
15\usepackage{xmpmulti}
16\usepackage{tikz}
17\usetikzlibrary{shapes,arrows,positioning}
18\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}             %neues paket
19\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}        %neues paket
20\def\Tiny{\fontsize{4pt}{4pt}\selectfont}
21\usepackage{amsmath}
22\usepackage{amssymb}
23\usepackage{multicol}
24\usepackage{pdfcomment}
25\usepackage{graphicx}
26\usepackage{listings}
27\lstset{showspaces=false,language=fortran,basicstyle=
28        \ttfamily,showstringspaces=false,captionpos=b}
29
30\institute{Institut fÌr Meteorologie und Klimatologie, Leibniz UniversitÀt Hannover}
31\date{last update: \today}
32\event{PALM Seminar}
33\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
34
35\setbeamertemplate{footline}
36  {
37    \begin{beamercolorbox}[rightskip=-0.1cm]&
38     {\includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{imuk_logo.pdf}\hfill \includegraphics[height=0.65cm]{luh_logo.pdf}}
39    \end{beamercolorbox}
40    \begin{beamercolorbox}[ht=2.5ex,dp=1.125ex,
41      leftskip=.3cm,rightskip=0.3cm plus1fil]{title in head/foot}
42      {\leavevmode{\usebeamerfont{author in head/foot}\insertshortauthor} \hfill \eventname \hfill \insertframenumber \; / \inserttotalframenumber}
43    \end{beamercolorbox}
44    \begin{beamercolorbox}[colsep=1.5pt]{lower separation line foot}
45    \end{beamercolorbox}
46  }
47%\logo{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{luhimuk_logo.pdf}}
48
49\title[Exercise 2: Neutrally Stratified  Boundary Layer]{Exercise 2: Neutrally Stratified  Boundary Layer}
50\author{Siegfried Raasch}
51
52\setbeamersize{text margin left=.2cm,text margin right=.2cm}
53
54\begin{document}
55\footnotesize
56% Folie 1
57\begin{frame}
58\titlepage
59\end{frame}
60
61\section{Exercise}
62\subsection{Exercise}
63
64% Folie 2
65\begin{frame}
66   \frametitle{Exercise 2: Neutrally Stratified  Atmospheric Boundary Layer}
67   \begin{itemize}
68      \item A neutrally stratified atmospheric boundary layer shall be simulated.
69      \item<2-> The flow shall be driven by a constant large-scale pressure gradient, i.e. a geostrophic wind.
70      \item<3-> At the end of the simulation, turbulence as well as the mean flow should be in a stationary state.
71   \end{itemize}
72   \onslide<4->\textbf{Simulation features:}
73    \begin{itemize}
74          \item<4-> geostrophic wind:  \tabto{3cm} $u_\mathrm{g} = \unit[5]{m\ s^{-1}}, v_\mathrm{g} = \unit[0]{m\ s^{-1}}$
75          \item<5-> initial velocity:  \tabto{3cm} try constant velocity ($u = u_\mathrm{g}, v = v_\mathrm{g}$, everywhere)\\ 
76                    \tabto{3cm} or a mean vertical profile created by the 1D-model
77          \item<6-> roughness length:  \tabto{3cm} $z_0 = \unit[0.1]{m}$
78    \end{itemize}
79\onslide<7->Please choose domain size, grid size and time to be simulated appropriately.
80\end{frame}
81
82% Folie 3
83\begin{frame}
84   \frametitle{Questions to be Answered:}
85    \begin{itemize}
86       \item<1-> How long do you have to simulate until turbulence / mean flow become stationary?
87       \vspace{1em}
88       \item<2-> How do the horizontally and temporally averaged vertical velocity and momentum flux profiles look like?
89       \vspace{1em}
90       \item<3-> Is it really a large-eddy simulation, i.e. are the subgrid-scale fluxes much smaller than the resolved-scale fluxes?
91       \vspace{1em}
92       \item<4-> How do the turbulence spectra of $u$, $v$, $w$ along $x$ and along $y$ look like?\\
93                 Can you identify the inertial subrange?
94    \end{itemize}
95\end{frame}
96
97% Folie 4
98 \begin{frame}
99    \frametitle{Hints (I)}
100     \begin{itemize}
101        \item<1-> Please remember hints given for the previous exercise!
102        \item<2-> \textbf{Initial profiles:}
103        \begin{itemize}
104           \tiny
105           \item<3-> The 1D-model (\texttt{\textcolor{blue}{initializing\_actions} = 'set\_1d-model\_profiles'}) is mainly controlled by parameters \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{end\_time\_1d}} and \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{damp\_level\_1d}}. Please keep in mind that the profiles from the 1D-model should also be in a stationary state.
106           \vspace{0.5em}
107            \item<3-> Output of vertical profile data generated by the 1D-model is controlled by parameter \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{dt\_pr\_1d}}. It is in ASCII-format and it is written into a separate file. You can include the profiles of the 1D-model, which are used to initialize the 3D-model, in the standard profile data output of the 3D-model (which is controlled by parameter \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{data\_output\_pr}}) by adding a \texttt{'\#'} sign to the respective output quantity, e.g. \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{data\_output\_pr} = '\#u'}.
108           \vspace{0.5em}
109            \item<3-> For the 1D-model, please set \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{mixing\_length\_1d} = 'blackadar'} and \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{dissipation\_1d} = 'detering'} in order to get a correct mean boundary layer wind profile. The default settings of these parameters would switch the turbulence parameterization of the 1D-model to the SGS-parameterization of the 3D-LES-model, which represents only the SGS-parts of turbulence. However, for this exercise the 1D-model has to parameterize all scales of turbulence (i.e. it should be used as a RANS-model).
110        \end{itemize}
111
112        \item<4-> \textbf{Stationary state:}
113        \begin{itemize}
114           \tiny
115           \item<4-> You probably will find it difficult to get the mean flow to a stationary state (for the 1D-model as well as for the 3D-model. Can you identify the mechanism responsible for this? Try parameters \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{damp\_level\_1d}} (for the 1D-model) and \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{rayleigh\_damping\_factor}} (for the 3D-model; this is a \texttt{inipar}-parameter!) to overcome this problem.
116           \vspace{0.5em}
117           \item<5-> You can switch on a Galilei-transformation in order to save CPU-time (see parameter \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{galilei\_transformation}}).
118        \end{itemize}
119
120     \end{itemize}
121 \end{frame}
122
123% Folie 5
124 \begin{frame}
125    \frametitle{Hints (II)}
126     \begin{itemize}
127        \item<1-> \textbf{Spectra:}
128        \begin{itemize}
129           \scriptsize
130           \item<2-> Output of spectra requires to switch on the spectra-package using \textbf{mrun}-option \texttt{-p}:\\
131                     \texttt{mrun ... -p spectra -r \dq d3\# sp\# ...\dq}
132           \vspace{0.5em}
133           \item<3-> Spectra output is controlled by parameters \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{data\_output\_sp}}, \texttt{\textcolor{blue}{dt\_dosp}}, etc. These package-parameters have to be given     in a separate NAMELIST-block which has to follow the \texttt{d3par}-block:\\
134                     \texttt{\&d3par end\_time = ... /}\\
135                     \texttt{\&spectra\_par data\_output\_sp = ... /}\\
136        \end{itemize}
137     \end{itemize}
138 \end{frame}
139
140% Folie 6
141\section{Results}
142\subsection{Results}
143
144% Folie 7
145\begin{frame}
146   \frametitle{Time series of TKE}
147   \begin{center}
148      \includegraphics[width=1.0\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/ts.eps}
149   \end{center}
150\end{frame}
151
152% Folie 8
153\begin{frame}
154   \frametitle{Vertical profiles of $\overline{w'u'}$, $\overline{w'v'}$}
155   \begin{center}
156      \includegraphics[width=0.50\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wu.eps}
157      \includegraphics[width=0.50\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wv.eps}\\
158   \end{center}
159\end{frame}
160
161% Folie 9
162\begin{frame}
163   \frametitle{Vertical profiles of $\overline{w'u'}$, $\overline{w'v'}$}
164   \begin{center}
165      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wu_sgs.eps}
166      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wv_sgs.eps}\\
167      \vspace{-0.3em}
168      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wu_resolved.eps}
169      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/pr_wv_resolved.eps}\\
170   \end{center}
171\end{frame}
172
173% Folie 10
174\begin{frame}
175   \frametitle{Spectra of $u$, $v$ and $w$}
176      \hspace{-1em}
177      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/sp_u.eps}
178      \hspace{-2em}
179      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/sp_v.eps}
180      \hspace{-2em}
181      \includegraphics[width=0.36\textwidth]{exercise_neutral_figures/sp_w.eps}
182\end{frame}
183
184\end{document}
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