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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4440

Last change on this file since 4440 was 4438, checked in by suehring, 5 years ago
Synthetic turbulence: performance optimizations - random numbers only defined and computed locally, option to compute velocity seeds locally without need of global communication; paralell random number generator: new routine to initialize 1D random number arrays; virtual measurements: CPU-log points added
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 143.9 KB

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1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANYr
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
18	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
20	!
21	! Current revisions:
22	! -----------------
23	!
24	!
25	! Former revisions:
26	! -----------------
27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4438 2020-03-03 20:49:28Z suehring $
28	! Bugfix: shifted netcdf preprocessor directive to correct position
29	!
30	! 4436 2020-03-03 12:47:02Z oliver.maas
31	! added optional netcdf data input for wtm array input parameters
32	!
33	! 4426 2020-02-27 10:02:19Z oliver.maas
34	! define time as unlimited dimension so that no maximum number
35	! of time steps has to be given for wtm_data_output
36	!
37	! 4423 2020-02-25 07:17:11Z maronga
38	! Switched to serial output as data is aggerated before anyway.
39	!
40	! 4420 2020-02-24 14:13:56Z maronga
41	! Added output control for wind turbine model
42	!
43	! 4412 2020-02-19 14:53:13Z maronga
44	! Bugfix: corrected character length in dimension_names
45	!
46	! 4411 2020-02-18 14:28:02Z maronga
47	! Added output in NetCDF format using DOM (only netcdf4-parallel is supported).
48	! Old ASCII output is still available at the moment.
49	!
50	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
51	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static
52	! topography information used in wall_flags_static_0
53	!
54	! 4343 2019-12-17 12:26:12Z oliver.maas
55	! replaced <= by < in line 1464 to ensure that ialpha will not be
56	! greater than dlen
57	!
58	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
59	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
60	!
61	! 4326 2019-12-06 14:16:14Z oliver.maas
62	! changed format of turbine control output to allow for higher
63	! torque and power values
64	!
65	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
66	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
67	!
68	! 4144 2019-08-06 09:11:47Z raasch
69	! relational operators .EQ., .NE., etc. replaced by ==, /=, etc.
70	!
71	! 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z Giersch
72	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
73	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
74	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
75	!
76	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
77	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
78	! of additional debug messages
79	!
80	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
81	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
82	!
83	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
84	! instrumented with openmp directives
85	!
86	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
87	! unused variables removed
88	!
89	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
90	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
91	!
92	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
93	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
94	!
95	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
96	! Initial revision
97	!
98	!
99	! Description:
100	! ------------
101	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
102	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
103	!> (ADM-R).
104	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
105	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
106	!> yaw.
107	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
108	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
109	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
110	!> automatically).
111	!>
112	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
113	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
114	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
115	!> @todo Generate header information
116	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
117	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
118	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
119	!> @todo Include additional output variables
120	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
121	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
122	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
123	!
124	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
125	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
126
127	USE arrays_3d, &
128	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
129
130	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
131	ONLY: pi
132
133	USE control_parameters, &
134	ONLY: coupling_char, &
135	debug_output, &
136	dt_3d, dz, end_time, message_string, time_since_reference_point,&
137	wind_turbine, initializing_actions, origin_date_time
138
139	USE cpulog, &
140	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
141
142	USE data_output_module
143
144	USE grid_variables, &
145	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
146
147	USE indices, &
148	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
149	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
150
151	USE kinds
152
153	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
154	ONLY: check_existence, &
155	close_input_file, &
156	get_variable, &
157	input_pids_wtm, &
158	inquire_num_variables, &
159	inquire_variable_names, &
160	input_file_wtm, &
161	num_var_pids, &
162	open_read_file, &
163	pids_id, &
164	vars_pids
165
166	USE pegrid
167
168
169	IMPLICIT NONE
170
171	PRIVATE
172
173
174
175	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: variable_name !< name of output variable
176	CHARACTER(LEN=30) :: nc_filename
177
178	!
179	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
180
181	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
182	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
183
184
185
186	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: output_values_1d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
187	REAL(wp), POINTER :: output_values_0d_pointer !< pointer for 2d output array
188	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: output_values_1d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
189	REAL(wp), TARGET :: output_values_0d_target !< pointer for 2d output array
190
191	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
192	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
193	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
194	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
195
196	LOGICAL :: initial_write_coordinates = .FALSE.
197
198	REAL(wp) :: dt_data_output_wtm = 0.0_wp !< data output interval
199	REAL(wp) :: time_wtm = 0.0_wp !< time since last data output
200
201
202	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
203	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
204	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
205	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
206	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
207	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
208
209
210	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
211	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100), TARGET :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
212	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
213	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
214	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
219	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
221
222	!
223	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
224	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
225
226	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
227	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
228	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
229	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
230	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
231	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
232	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
233	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
234	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
235	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
236	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
237	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
238	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
239	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
240
241
242	!
243	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
244
245	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
246	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
247	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
248
249	!
250	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
251	TYPE file_status
252	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
253	END TYPE file_status
254
255	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
256	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
257
258	!
259	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
260
261	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
262	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
263	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
264	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
265	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
266
267	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
268
269	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
270	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
271	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
272	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
273	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
274	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
275	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
276	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
277
278	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
279
280	!
281	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
282	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
283	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
284	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
285	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
286	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
287	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
288
289	!
290	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
291	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
292	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
293	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
294	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
295
296	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
297	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
298
299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
301
302	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
303	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
304
305	!
306	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
307
308	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
309	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
310	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
311	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
312	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
313	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
314	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
315	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
316	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
317	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
318	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
319	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
320	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
321	!
322	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
323	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
324	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
325	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
326	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
327	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
328
329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
331	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
338
339	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
341
342	!
343	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
347	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
348	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
349	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
350
351	!
352	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
353	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
354	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
356
357	!
358	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
362
363	!
364	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
367	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
368
369	!
370	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
374	!
375	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
377
378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
387
388	!
389	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
390
391	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
392
393	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
394	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
395	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
396	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
397	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
398	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
399	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
400	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
401
402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
403
404	!
405	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
406
407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
415	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
417	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
418	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
419	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
420
421	!
422	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
427	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
428	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
429	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
430
431
432	SAVE
433
434
435	INTERFACE wtm_parin
436	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
437	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
438
439	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
440	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
441	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
442
443	INTERFACE wtm_data_output
444	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_data_output
445	END INTERFACE wtm_data_output
446
447	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
448	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
449	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
450
451	INTERFACE wtm_init
452	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
453	END INTERFACE wtm_init
454
455	INTERFACE wtm_init_output
456	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_output
457	END INTERFACE wtm_init_output
458
459	INTERFACE wtm_actions
460	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
461	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
462	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
463
464	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
465	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
466	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
467
468	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
469	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
470	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
471
472
473	PUBLIC &
474	dt_data_output_wtm, &
475	time_wtm, &
476	wind_turbine
477
478	PUBLIC &
479	wtm_parin, &
480	wtm_check_parameters, &
481	wtm_data_output, &
482	wtm_init_arrays, &
483	wtm_init_output, &
484	wtm_init, &
485	wtm_actions, &
486	wtm_rrd_global, &
487	wtm_wrd_global
488
489
490	CONTAINS
491
492
493	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
494	! Description:
495	! ------------
496	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
497	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
498	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
499
500	IMPLICIT NONE
501
502	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
503
504	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
505	air_dens, dtow, dt_data_output_wtm, gear_eff,&
506	gear_ratio, &
507	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
508	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
509	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
510	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
511	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
512	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
513	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
514	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
515	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
516	! , turb_cd_nacelle
517	!
518	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
519	REWIND ( 11 )
520	line = ' '
521	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
522	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
523	ENDDO
524	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
525
526	!
527	!-- Read user-defined namelist
528	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10, END = 12 )
529	!
530	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
531	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
532
533	GOTO 12
534
535	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
536	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
537	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
538
539	12 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
540
541	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
542
543
544	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
545	! Description:
546	! ------------
547	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
548	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
549	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
550
551
552	IMPLICIT NONE
553
554
555	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
556	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
557
558	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
559	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
560
561	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
562	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
563
564	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
565	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
566
567	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
568	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
569
570	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
571	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
572
573	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
574	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
575
576	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
577	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
578
579	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
580	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
581
582	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
583	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
584
585
586	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
587
588
589	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
590	! Description:
591	! ------------
592	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
593	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
594	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
595
596
597	USE control_parameters, &
598	ONLY: length, restart_string
599
600
601	IMPLICIT NONE
602
603	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
604
605
606	found = .TRUE.
607
608
609	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
610
611	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
612	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
613	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
614	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
615	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
616	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
617	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
618	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
619	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
620	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
621	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
622	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
623	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
624	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
625	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
626	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
627	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
628	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
629	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
630	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
631
632	CASE DEFAULT
633
634	found = .FALSE.
635
636	END SELECT
637
638
639	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
640
641
642	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
643	! Description:
644	! ------------
645	!> Check namelist parameter
646	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
647	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
648
649	IMPLICIT NONE
650
651	IF ( .NOT. input_pids_wtm ) THEN
652	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
653	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
654	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
655	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
656	ENDIF
657
658	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
659	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
660	'a value equal or larger than zero'
661	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
662	ENDIF
663
664
665	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
666	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
667	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
668
669	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
670	'have to be given for each turbine.'
671	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
672	ENDIF
673	ENDIF
674
675	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
676	!
677
678	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
679	! Description:
680	! ------------
681	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
682	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
683	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
684
685	IMPLICIT NONE
686
687	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
688	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
689
690	#if defined( __netcdf )
691	!
692	! Read wtm input file (netcdf) if it exists
693	IF ( input_pids_wtm ) THEN
694
695	!
696	!-- Open the wtm input file
697	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_wtm ) // &
698	TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
699
700	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
701
702	!
703	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them
704	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
705	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
706
707	!
708	!-- Input of all wtm parameters
709	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'dtow' ) ) THEN
710	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'dtow', dtow(1:nturbines))
711	ENDIF
712
713	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'omega_rot' ) ) THEN
714	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'omega_rot', omega_rot(1:nturbines))
715	ENDIF
716
717	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'pitch_add' ) ) THEN
718	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'pitch_add', pitch_add(1:nturbines))
719	ENDIF
720
721	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'phi_yaw' ) ) THEN
722	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'phi_yaw', phi_yaw(1:nturbines))
723	ENDIF
724
725	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcx' ) ) THEN
726	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcx', rcx(1:nturbines))
727	ENDIF
728
729	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcy' ) ) THEN
730	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcy', rcy(1:nturbines))
731	ENDIF
732
733	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rcz' ) ) THEN
734	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rcz', rcz(1:nturbines))
735	ENDIF
736
737	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rnac' ) ) THEN
738	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rnac', rnac(1:nturbines))
739	ENDIF
740
741	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'rr' ) ) THEN
742	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'rr', rr(1:nturbines))
743	ENDIF
744	!
745	! IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'turb_cd_nacelle' ) ) THEN
746	! CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'turb_cd_nacelle', turb_cd_nacelle(1:nturbines))
747	! ENDIF
748
749	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'turb_cd_tower' ) ) THEN
750	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'turb_cd_tower', turb_cd_tower(1:nturbines))
751	ENDIF
752	!
753	!-- Close wtm input file
754	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
755
756	ENDIF
757	#endif
758
759	!
760	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
761	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
762
763	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
764	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
765
766	nrings(:) = 0
767	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
768
769	!
770	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
771	delta_r_factor = segment_width
772	delta_t_factor = segment_length
773	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
774
775	DO inot = 1, nturbines
776	!
777	!-- Determine number of rings:
778	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
779
780	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
781
782	ENDDO
783
784	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
785
786	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
787	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
788
789	nsegs(:,:) = 0
790	nsegs_total(:) = 0
791
792
793	DO inot = 1, nturbines
794	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
795	!
796	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
797	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
798	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
799	delta_t_factor ) )
800	ENDDO
801	!
802	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
803	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
804
805	ENDDO
806
807	!
808	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
809	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
810
811	!!
812	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
813	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
814	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
815	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
816	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
817	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
818	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
819	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
820	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
821	! ENDIF
822
823
824	!
825	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
826	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
827	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
828	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
829	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
830	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
831	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
832	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
833	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
834
835	!
836	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
837	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
838	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
839	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
840	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
841	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
842	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
843
844	!
845	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
846	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
847	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
848	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
849	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
850	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
851	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
852	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
853	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
854	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
855	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
856
857	!
858	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
859	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
860	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
861	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
862	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
863	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
864	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
865
866	!
867	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
868	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
869	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
870	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
871
872	!
873	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
874	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
875	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
876	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
877	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
878	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
879	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
880	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
881	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
882
883	!
884	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
885	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
886	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
887	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
888	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
889	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
890	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
891
892	!
893	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
894	i_hub(:) = 0
895	i_smear(:) = 0
896	j_hub(:) = 0
897	j_smear(:) = 0
898	k_hub(:) = 0
899	k_smear(:) = 0
900
901	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
902	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
903
904	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
905	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
906	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
907	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
908	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
909	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
910	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
911	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
912	ENDIF
913
914	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
915	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
916	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
917	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
918	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
919	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
920
921	!
922	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
923	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
924	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
925	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
926	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
927	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
928	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
929	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
930	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
931	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
932	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
933
934	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
935	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
936	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
937	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
938	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
939	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
940
941	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
942	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
943	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
944
945	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
946	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
947	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
948	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
949	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
950	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
951	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
952	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
953
954	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
955	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
956	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
957	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
958	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
959	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
960
961
962	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
963
964
965	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
966	! Description:
967	! ------------
968	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
969	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
970	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
971
972
973	USE control_parameters, &
974	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
975
976	IMPLICIT NONE
977
978
979
980	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
981	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
982	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
983
984
985	!
986	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
987	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
988
989	!
990	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
991	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
992	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
993
994	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
995
996	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
997	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
998	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
999	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
1000
1001	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
1002
1003	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
1004	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
1005	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
1006	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
1007
1008	!
1009	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1010	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
1011	!-- (smearing of the forces)
1012	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1013	!
1014	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
1015	!-- be calculated:
1016
1017	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
1018	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
1019	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
1020	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
1021	!
1022	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
1023	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
1024	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
1025	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
1026	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
1027	!
1028	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
1029	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
1030	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
1031	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
1032	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
1033	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
1034	eps_min) THEN
1035	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
1036	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
1037	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
1038	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
1039	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1040	ENDIF
1041	!
1042	!-- Square of eps_min:
1043	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
1044	!
1045	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
1046	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
1047	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
1048	!
1049	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
1050	!-- function:
1051	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
1052
1053	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
1054	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
1055
1056	!
1057	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
1058	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1059	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
1060	ENDIF
1061
1062
1063	DO inot = 1, nturbines
1064	!
1065	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
1066	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
1067
1068	!
1069	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
1070	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
1071	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1072	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
1073
1074	!
1075	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
1076	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
1077	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
1078	!-- function of eps_min:
1079	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
1080	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
1081	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
1082
1083	ENDDO
1084
1085	!
1086	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
1087	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
1088	IF ( speed_control) THEN
1089
1090	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
1091
1092	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1093
1094	DO inot = 1, nturbines
1095
1096	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
1097	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1098	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1099	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1100	ENDIF
1101
1102	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
1103	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1104	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1105	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1106	ENDIF
1107
1108	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
1109	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1110	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1111	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1112	ENDIF
1113
1114	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
1115	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
1116	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
1117	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
1118	ENDIF
1119
1120	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
1121	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
1122
1123	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
1124
1125	ENDIF
1126	ENDIF
1127
1128	END DO
1129
1130	ENDIF
1131
1132	ENDIF
1133
1134	!
1135	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1136	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
1137	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
1138	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1139	!
1140	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
1141	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
1142
1143	!
1144	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
1145	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
1146	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
1147
1148	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
1149
1150	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
1151
1152
1153	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
1154	!
1155	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
1156	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
1157	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
1158	i = i_hub(inot)
1159
1160	!
1161	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
1162	!-- grid point indices):
1163	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1164	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
1165	!
1166	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
1167	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
1168	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
1169	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
1170	!-- in grid box 1.
1171	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
1172	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
1173
1174	!
1175	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
1176	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
1177	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
1178	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
1179
1180	!
1181	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
1182	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
1183	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
1184
1185	DO j = nys, nyn
1186	!
1187	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
1188	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
1189
1190	DO k = nzb, nzt
1191
1192	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
1193	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
1194	!
1195	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
1196	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
1197	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
1198	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
1199	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
1200	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
1201	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1202	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
1203	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
1204	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
1205	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
1206	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
1207	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1208	!
1209	!-- grid boxes inbetween
1210	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
1211	ELSE
1212	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
1213	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
1214	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1215	ENDIF
1216	!
1217	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
1218	ELSE
1219	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
1220	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
1221	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1222	ENDIF
1223	!
1224	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
1225	!-- are carried out:
1226	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
1227
1228	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
1229	!
1230	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
1231	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
1232	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
1233	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
1234	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
1235	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1236	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
1237	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
1238	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
1239	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
1240	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
1241	!
1242	!-- grid boxes inbetween
1243	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
1244	ELSE
1245	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
1246	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1247	ENDIF
1248	!
1249	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
1250	ELSE
1251	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
1252	turb_cd_tower(inot)
1253	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
1254
1255	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
1256
1257	ENDDO ! end loop over k
1258
1259	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
1260
1261	ENDDO ! end loop over j
1262
1263	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
1264
1265
1266	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
1267
1268	!
1269	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
1270	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
1271	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
1272	!!
1273	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
1274	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
1275	!!-- circle_points in the following):
1276	!
1277	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
1278	!
1279	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
1280	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
1281	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
1282	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1283	!!
1284	!!-- bottom intersection point
1285	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
1286	!!
1287	!!-- top intersection point
1288	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
1289	! ELSE
1290	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
1291	! ENDIF
1292	! ENDDO
1293	!
1294	!
1295	! DO j = nys, nyn
1296	!!
1297	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
1298	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
1299	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
1300	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
1301	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
1302	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1303	!!
1304	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
1305	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
1306	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
1307	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
1308	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
1309	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
1310	!!
1311	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
1312	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
1313	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
1314	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
1315	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
1316	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
1317	! dz_int = dz
1318	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
1319	!!
1320	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
1321	!!-- within the current grid box:
1322	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
1323	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
1324	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
1325	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
1326	! ENDIF
1327	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
1328	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
1329	! dz_int = dz_int - &
1330	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
1331	! ENDIF
1332	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
1333	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
1334	! ENDIF
1335	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
1336	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
1337	! ENDIF
1338	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
1339	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
1340	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
1341	! ENDIF
1342	! ENDDO
1343	! ENDIF
1344	! ENDDO
1345	! ENDIF
1346	!
1347	! ENDDO
1348	!
1349	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
1350
1351	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
1352
1353	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
1354	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
1355
1356	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
1357
1358	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
1359
1360	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
1361
1362
1363
1364	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_output
1365
1366
1367	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps !< number of timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
1368	! INTEGER(iwp) :: ntimesteps_max = 80000 !< number of maximum timesteps defined in NetCDF output file
1369	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
1370
1371	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index
1372
1373	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ndim !< dummy to write dimension
1374
1375
1376	!
1377	!-- Create NetCDF output file
1378	nc_filename = 'DATA_1D_TS_WTM_NETCDF' // TRIM( coupling_char )
1379	return_value = dom_def_file( nc_filename, 'netcdf4-serial' )
1380
1381	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
1382	!
1383	!-- Define dimensions in output file
1384	ALLOCATE( ndim(1:nturbines) )
1385	DO n = 1, nturbines
1386	ndim(n) = n
1387	ENDDO
1388	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
1389	dimension_name = 'turbine', &
1390	output_type = 'int32', &
1391	bounds = (/1_iwp, nturbines/), &
1392	values_int32 = ndim )
1393	DEALLOCATE( ndim )
1394
1395	!
1396	!-- time
1397	return_value = dom_def_dim( nc_filename, &
1398	dimension_name = 'time', &
1399	output_type = 'real32', &
1400	bounds = (/1_iwp/), &
1401	values_realwp = (/0.0_wp/) )
1402
1403	!
1404	!-- x
1405	variable_name = 'x'
1406	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1407	variable_name = variable_name, &
1408	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1409	output_type = 'real32' )
1410	!
1411	!-- y
1412	variable_name = 'y'
1413	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1414	variable_name = variable_name, &
1415	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1416	output_type = 'real32' )
1417
1418	variable_name = 'z'
1419	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1420	variable_name = variable_name, &
1421	dimension_names = (/'turbine'/), &
1422	output_type = 'real32' )
1423
1424
1425	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1426	variable_name = 'time', &
1427	attribute_name = 'units', &
1428	value = 'seconds since ' // origin_date_time )
1429
1430	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1431	variable_name = 'x', &
1432	attribute_name = 'units', &
1433	value = 'm' )
1434
1435	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1436	variable_name = 'y', &
1437	attribute_name = 'units', &
1438	value = 'm' )
1439
1440	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1441	variable_name = 'z', &
1442	attribute_name = 'units', &
1443	value = 'm' )
1444
1445	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1446	variable_name = 'x', &
1447	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1448	value = 'x location of rotor center' )
1449
1450	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1451	variable_name = 'y', &
1452	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1453	value = 'y location of rotor center' )
1454
1455	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1456	variable_name = 'z', &
1457	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1458	value = 'z location of rotor center' )
1459
1460
1461	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1462	variable_name = 'turbine_name', &
1463	attribute_name = 'long_name', &
1464	value = 'turbine name')
1465
1466	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1467	variable_name = 'time', &
1468	attribute_name = 'standard_name', &
1469	value = 'time')
1470
1471	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1472	variable_name = 'time', &
1473	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1474	value = 'T')
1475
1476	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1477	variable_name = 'x', &
1478	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1479	value = 'X' )
1480
1481	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1482	variable_name = 'y', &
1483	attribute_name = 'axis', &
1484	value = 'Y' )
1485
1486
1487	variable_name = 'rotor_speed'
1488	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1489	variable_name = variable_name, &
1490	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1491	output_type = 'real32' )
1492
1493	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1494	variable_name = variable_name, &
1495	attribute_name = 'units', &
1496	value = 'rad/s' )
1497
1498	variable_name = 'generator_speed'
1499	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1500	variable_name = variable_name, &
1501	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1502	output_type = 'real32' )
1503
1504	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1505	variable_name = variable_name, &
1506	attribute_name = 'units', &
1507	value = 'rad/s' )
1508
1509
1510	variable_name = 'generator_torque'
1511	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1512	variable_name = variable_name, &
1513	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1514	output_type = 'real32' )
1515
1516	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1517	variable_name = variable_name, &
1518	attribute_name = 'units', &
1519	value = 'Nm' )
1520
1521	variable_name = 'rotor_torque'
1522	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1523	variable_name = variable_name, &
1524	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1525	output_type = 'real32' )
1526
1527	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1528	variable_name = variable_name, &
1529	attribute_name = 'units', &
1530	value = 'Nm' )
1531
1532	variable_name = 'pitch_angle'
1533	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1534	variable_name = variable_name, &
1535	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1536	output_type = 'real32' )
1537
1538	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1539	variable_name = variable_name, &
1540	attribute_name = 'units', &
1541	value = 'degrees' )
1542
1543	variable_name = 'generator_power'
1544	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1545	variable_name = variable_name, &
1546	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1547	output_type = 'real32' )
1548
1549	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1550	variable_name = variable_name, &
1551	attribute_name = 'units', &
1552	value = 'W' )
1553
1554	variable_name = 'rotor_power'
1555	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1556	variable_name = variable_name, &
1557	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1558	output_type = 'real32' )
1559
1560	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1561	variable_name = variable_name, &
1562	attribute_name = 'units', &
1563	value = 'W' )
1564
1565	variable_name = 'rotor_thrust'
1566	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1567	variable_name = variable_name, &
1568	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1569	output_type = 'real32' )
1570
1571	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1572	variable_name = variable_name, &
1573	attribute_name = 'units', &
1574	value = 'N' )
1575
1576
1577	variable_name = 'wind_direction'
1578	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1579	variable_name = variable_name, &
1580	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1581	output_type = 'real32' )
1582
1583	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1584	variable_name = variable_name, &
1585	attribute_name = 'units', &
1586	value = 'degrees' )
1587
1588	variable_name = 'yaw_angle'
1589	return_value = dom_def_var( nc_filename, &
1590	variable_name = variable_name, &
1591	dimension_names = (/ 'turbine', 'time ' /), &
1592	output_type = 'real32' )
1593
1594	return_value = dom_def_att( nc_filename, &
1595	variable_name = variable_name, &
1596	attribute_name = 'units', &
1597	value = 'degrees' )
1598
1599	ENDIF
1600	END SUBROUTINE
1601
1602	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1603	! Description:
1604	! ------------
1605	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
1606	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
1607	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1608	!
1609	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
1610
1611
1612	IMPLICIT NONE
1613
1614	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
1615	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
1616
1617	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
1618
1619	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
1620
1621	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
1622	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
1623	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
1624	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
1625	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
1626	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
1627	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
1628	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
1629	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
1630	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
1631
1632	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
1633	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
1634	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
1635
1636	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
1637	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
1638
1639	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
1640	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
1641	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
1642	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
1643	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
1644
1645	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
1646	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
1647	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
1648	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
1649	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
1650
1651	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
1652
1653	!
1654	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
1655	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
1656
1657	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
1658
1659	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
1660	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
1661	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1662	ENDIF
1663	!
1664	!-- Read distribution table:
1665
1666	dlen = 0
1667
1668	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
1669
1670	rloop3: DO
1671	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1672	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
1673	dlen = dlen + 1
1674	ENDDO rloop3
1675
1676	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
1677
1678	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
1679	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1680	ENDDO
1681
1682	DO jj = 1,dlen
1683	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
1684	ENDDO
1685
1686	!
1687	!-- Read layout table:
1688
1689	dlen = 0
1690
1691	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
1692
1693	rloop1: DO
1694	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1695	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
1696	dlen = dlen + 1
1697	ENDDO rloop1
1698
1699	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
1700	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
1701	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1702	ENDDO
1703	DO jj = 1, dlen
1704	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
1705	ENDDO
1706
1707	!
1708	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
1709
1710	dlen = 0
1711
1712	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
1713
1714	rloop2: DO
1715	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
1716	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
1717	dlen = dlen + 1
1718	ENDDO rloop2
1719
1720	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
1721	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
1722
1723	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
1724	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
1725	ENDDO
1726
1727	DO jj = 1,dlen
1728	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
1729	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
1730	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
1731	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
1732	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
1733	ENDDO
1734
1735	ENDDO
1736
1737	dlenbl = dlen
1738
1739	CLOSE ( 90 )
1740
1741	!
1742	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
1743	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
1744	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
1745	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
1746	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
1747
1748	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
1749	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
1750	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
1751	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
1752
1753	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
1754	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
1755
1756	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
1757	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
1758
1759	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
1760
1761	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
1762	!
1763	!-- Find position in table 1
1764	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
1765	! lct(1) = lct(1)
1766
1767	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) > 0.0 ) THEN
1768	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
1769	ENDIF
1770
1771	trow = lct(1)
1772	!
1773	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
1774	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
1775	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
1776	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
1777	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
1778
1779	IF ( t1 == t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
1780	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
1781	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
1782	ENDIF
1783
1784	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
1785	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
1786	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
1787	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
1788	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
1789
1790	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
1791	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
1792	! explicitly
1793	ELSE
1794	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
1795	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
1796	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
1797	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
1798	!
1799	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
1800	!-- explicitly
1801	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
1802	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
1803	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
1804	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
1805	ENDIF
1806
1807	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
1808
1809	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
1810	ialpha = 1
1811
1812	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha < dlen ) )
1813	ialpha = ialpha + 1
1814	ENDDO
1815
1816	!
1817	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
1818	!-- segments and angles of attack
1819
1820	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1821	alpha_attack_i ) / &
1822	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1823	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1824	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
1825	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
1826	( alpha_attack_i - &
1827	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
1828	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1829	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1830	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
1831	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
1832	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1833	alpha_attack_i ) / &
1834	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1835	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1836	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
1837	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
1838	( alpha_attack_i - &
1839	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
1840	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
1841	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
1842	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
1843	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
1844
1845	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
1846
1847	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
1848
1849
1850	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
1851
1852
1853	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1854	! Description:
1855	! ------------
1856	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
1857	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
1858	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1859	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
1860
1861
1862	IMPLICIT NONE
1863
1864	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
1865	!
1866	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
1867	!-- the rotors
1868	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
1869	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
1870	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
1871
1872	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1873	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1874	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
1875
1876	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
1877	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
1878	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
1879
1880	!
1881	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
1882	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
1883
1884	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
1885	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
1886	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
1887	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
1888	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
1889	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
1890	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
1891	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
1892	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
1893	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
1894	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
1895	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
1896	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
1897	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
1898	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
1899	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
1900	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
1901	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
1902	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
1903	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
1904	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
1905	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
1906	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
1907	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
1908
1909	!
1910	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
1911	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
1912	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
1913	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
1914	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
1915
1916	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
1917
1918
1919	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1920	! Description:
1921	! ------------
1922	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
1923	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1924	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
1925
1926
1927	IMPLICIT NONE
1928
1929	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
1930
1931	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
1932	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
1933	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
1934	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
1935	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
1936	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
1937
1938	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
1939	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
1940	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
1941
1942	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
1943	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
1944
1945	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
1946
1947
1948	!
1949	! Variables for pitch control
1950	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
1951
1952	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
1953	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
1954
1955	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
1956
1957
1958	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
1959
1960
1961	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
1962
1963	!
1964	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
1965	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1966	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1967	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1968	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
1969	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1970	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1971	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1972	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
1973	!
1974	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
1975	DO inot = 1, nturbines
1976
1977	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
1978	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
1979	!
1980	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
1981
1982	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
1983	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
1984	!$OMP DO
1985	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
1986
1987	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
1988	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
1989	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
1990	!
1991	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
1992	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
1993
1994	!
1995	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
1996	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
1997	!
1998	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
1999	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
2000	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2001	!
2002	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
2003	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
2004	!-- with y-axis):
2005	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
2006	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
2007	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
2008
2009	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
2010	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
2011	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
2012	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
2013	re(3) = sin_rot
2014
2015	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
2016	!
2017	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
2018	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
2019	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
2020	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
2021
2022	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2023	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
2024	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
2025	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
2026	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2027
2028	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2029	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2030
2031	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2032	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2033
2034	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2035	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2036
2037	!
2038	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
2039
2040	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
2041	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
2042	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
2043	!
2044	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2045	!-- the current PE:
2046	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2047	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2048
2049	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2050	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2051	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
2052	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2053	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2054	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2055	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
2056	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2057	gg = dx * dy
2058
2059	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
2060	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2061	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2062	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2063	) / gg
2064
2065	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2066	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2067	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2068	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2069	) / gg
2070
2071	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
2072	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2073	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
2074
2075	ELSE
2076	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2077	ENDIF
2078	ELSE
2079	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2080	ENDIF
2081
2082
2083	!
2084	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
2085	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
2086	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
2087	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
2088	!
2089	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2090	!-- the current PE:
2091	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2092	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2093
2094	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2095	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2096	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2097	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2098	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2099	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
2100	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2101	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
2102	gg = dx * dy
2103
2104	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
2105	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2106	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2107	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2108	) / gg
2109
2110	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2111	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2112	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2113	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2114	) / gg
2115
2116	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
2117	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2118	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
2119
2120	ELSE
2121	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2122	ENDIF
2123	ELSE
2124	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2125	ENDIF
2126
2127
2128	!
2129	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
2130	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
2131	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
2132	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
2133	!
2134	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
2135	!-- the current PE:
2136	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
2137	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
2138
2139	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2140	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2141	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2142	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
2143	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
2144	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2145	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
2146	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
2147	gg = dx * dy
2148
2149	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
2150	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
2151	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
2152	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
2153	) / gg
2154
2155	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
2156	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
2157	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
2158	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
2159	) / gg
2160
2161	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
2162	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
2163	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
2164	ELSE
2165	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2166	ENDIF
2167	ELSE
2168	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
2169	ENDIF
2170
2171	ENDDO
2172	ENDDO
2173	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2174
2175	ENDDO
2176
2177	!
2178	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
2179	#if defined( __parallel )
2180	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2181	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2182	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2183	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2184	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
2185	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2186	#else
2187	u_int = u_int_1_l
2188	v_int = v_int_1_l
2189	w_int = w_int_1_l
2190	#endif
2191
2192
2193	!
2194	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
2195
2196	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2197	pit_loop: DO
2198
2199	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
2200	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
2201	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
2202	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
2203	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
2204	ELSE
2205	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
2206	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
2207	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
2208	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
2209	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
2210	ENDIF
2211	ENDIF
2212
2213	!
2214	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
2215	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
2216	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
2217	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
2218	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
2219	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
2220	!$OMP DO
2221	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
2222	!
2223	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
2224	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
2225	!
2226	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
2227	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2228	!
2229	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
2230	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
2231	!-- with y-axis):
2232	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
2233	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
2234	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
2235	!
2236	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
2237	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
2238	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
2239	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
2240	re(3) = sin_rot
2241
2242	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
2243	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
2244	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
2245	rea(3) = cos_rot
2246
2247	!
2248	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
2249	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
2250	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
2251	ren(1) = cos_yaw
2252	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
2253	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
2254	!
2255	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
2256	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
2257	!-- tilt:
2258	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
2259	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
2260	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
2261	!
2262	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
2263	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
2264
2265	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
2266
2267	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
2268
2269	!
2270	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2271	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
2272	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2273	!
2274	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
2275	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
2276	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
2277	!-- coordinates y' and z.
2278	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
2279	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
2280	!
2281	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
2282	!
2283	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
2284	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
2285	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
2286	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
2287	!
2288	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
2289	!-- direction:
2290	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
2291	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
2292	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
2293	!
2294	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
2295	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
2296
2297	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN2( u_rot , &
2298	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
2299	vtheta(rseg) ) )
2300
2301	!
2302	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
2303	!-- to the current radial position:
2304
2305	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
2306	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
2307
2308	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
2309	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
2310	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
2311	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
2312	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
2313	ELSE
2314	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
2315	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
2316	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
2317	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
2318	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
2319	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
2320	ENDIF
2321
2322	!
2323	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
2324	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
2325	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
2326	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2327	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
2328	!
2329	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
2330	!-- angle of attack:
2331	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
2332	!
2333	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
2334	!-- to angles given in degree:
2335	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2336	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
2337	!
2338	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
2339	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
2340
2341	!
2342	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
2343	!-- to the rotor:
2344	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
2345	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
2346	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
2347
2348	!
2349	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2350	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
2351	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
2352	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
2353
2354	!
2355	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
2356	!-- the current radial position:
2357
2358	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
2359	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
2360	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
2361	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
2362	ELSE
2363	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
2364	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
2365	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
2366	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
2367	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
2368	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
2369	ENDIF
2370
2371	!
2372	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
2373	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
2374	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
2375	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
2376	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
2377	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
2378	!
2379	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
2380	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
2381	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
2382	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
2383	!
2384	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
2385	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
2386	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
2387	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
2388
2389	!
2390	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
2391	!-- angles given in radian:
2392	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
2393	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
2394
2395	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
2396
2397	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
2398	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
2399	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
2400	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
2401	!--
2402	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
2403	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
2404	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
2405
2406	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
2407
2408	ENDIF
2409	!
2410	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
2411	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
2412	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
2413
2414	!
2415	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
2416
2417	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
2418	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
2419
2420	!
2421	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
2422	!-- for each ring segment:
2423	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
2424	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
2425	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
2426
2427	!
2428	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
2429	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
2430	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
2431	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
2432	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
2433	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
2434	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
2435	!
2436	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
2437	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
2438	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
2439
2440	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
2441	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
2442
2443	!
2444	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
2445	!$OMP CRITICAL
2446	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
2447	thrust_seg(rseg)
2448
2449
2450	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
2451	!$OMP END CRITICAL
2452
2453	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
2454
2455	!
2456	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
2457	!-- each ring:
2458	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
2459	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
2460	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
2461
2462
2463	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
2464	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2465
2466
2467	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
2468
2469
2470	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2471	!
2472	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
2473
2474	!
2475	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
2476	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
2477	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
2478	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
2479	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
2480	( inertia_rot + &
2481	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
2482
2483	!
2484	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
2485	!-- and rotor speed
2486	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
2487
2488	ENDIF
2489
2490	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
2491
2492	!
2493	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
2494	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
2495	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
2496	!-- gain
2497	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
2498	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
2499	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
2500	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
2501	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
2502	!
2503	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
2504	CYCLE pit_loop
2505	ENDIF
2506
2507	!
2508	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
2509	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
2510	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
2511	ENDIF
2512	EXIT pit_loop
2513	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
2514
2515
2516	!
2517	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
2518
2519	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2520	!
2521	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
2522	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
2523	THEN
2524	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
2525	THEN
2526	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
2527	ENDIF
2528	ENDIF
2529
2530	ENDIF
2531
2532
2533	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
2534
2535	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
2536
2537
2538	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
2539	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
2540	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
2541	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
2542	!
2543	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
2544	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
2545	!
2546	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
2547	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
2548	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
2549	!-- consideration
2550	!
2551	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
2552	!-- of the model domain:
2553	!
2554	!--
2555	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
2556	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
2557	eps_min ) / dx )
2558	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
2559	eps_min ) / dy )
2560
2561	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
2562	!$OMP DO
2563	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
2564	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
2565	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
2566	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
2567	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
2568	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
2569	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
2570	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
2571	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
2572	!
2573	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
2574	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
2575
2576	!
2577	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
2578	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
2579	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2580	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2581	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2582	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2583	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2584	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2585	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2586	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
2587	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
2588
2589	!
2590	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
2591	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
2592	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
2593	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
2594	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
2595	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2596	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
2597	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
2598	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
2599	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
2600	flag
2601	ENDIF
2602	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2603	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
2604	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
2605	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
2606	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
2607	flag
2608	ENDIF
2609	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
2610	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
2611	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
2612	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
2613	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
2614	flag
2615	ENDIF
2616
2617	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
2618	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
2619
2620	!
2621	!-- Rotation of force components:
2622	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
2623	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
2624	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
2625	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
2626	) * flag
2627
2628	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
2629	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
2630	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
2631	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
2632	) * flag
2633
2634	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
2635	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
2636	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
2637	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
2638	) * flag
2639
2640	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
2641	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
2642	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
2643	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2644
2645	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
2646
2647	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2648
2649
2650	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
2651	!
2652	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
2653	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
2654	IF ( start_up ) THEN
2655	WDLON = MAX( 1 , NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 30s running mean array
2656	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
2657	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
2658	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
2659
2660	WDSHO = MAX( 1 , NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ) ! 2s running mean array
2661	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
2662	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
2663	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
2664	start_up = .FALSE.
2665	ENDIF
2666
2667	!
2668	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
2669	!--
2670	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
2671	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2672	!
2673	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
2674	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
2675	THEN
2676	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
2677	THEN
2678
2679	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
2680
2681	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
2682	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
2683	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
2684	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
2685	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
2686
2687	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
2688
2689	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
2690
2691	ENDIF
2692	ENDIF
2693
2694	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2695
2696	!
2697	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
2698	#if defined( __parallel )
2699	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
2700	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2701	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
2702	comm2d, ierr )
2703	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
2704	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2705	#else
2706	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
2707	wdir = wdir_l
2708	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
2709
2710
2711	#endif
2712	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2713	!
2714	!-- Update rotor orientation
2715	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
2716
2717	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
2718
2719	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
2720
2721	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
2722	!
2723	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
2724	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
2725	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2726	#if defined( __parallel )
2727	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
2728	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2729	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
2730	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2731	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
2732	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2733	#else
2734	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
2735	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
2736	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
2737	#endif
2738
2739	ENDIF
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744	DO inot = 1, nturbines
2745
2746
2747
2748	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
2749	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
2750	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
2751	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
2752	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
2753	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
2754	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
2755	thrust_rotor(inot), &
2756	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
2757	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
2758
2759	ELSE
2760
2761	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
2762	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
2763	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
2764	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
2765	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
2766	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) time_since_reference_point, omega_rot(inot), &
2767	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
2768	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
2769	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
2770	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
2771	thrust_rotor(inot), &
2772	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
2773	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
2774	ENDIF
2775	ENDIF
2776
2777	!-- Set open flag
2778	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
2779	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
2780
2781
2782
2783	ENDIF
2784
2785
2786	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
2787
2788	!
2789	!-- Formats
2790	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
2791	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
2792	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed GenTorque AeroTorque ', &
2793	'Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) RotThrust WDirection ', &
2794	'YawOrient')
2795
2796	106 FORMAT (F9.2,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F12.1,3X,F12.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F12.1,2X, &
2797	F12.1,1X,F12.1,4X,F7.2,4X,F7.2)
2798
2799
2800
2801	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
2802
2803
2804	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2805	! Description:
2806	! ------------
2807	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
2808	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2809	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
2810
2811	USE kinds
2812
2813	IMPLICIT NONE
2814
2815	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
2816	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
2817	REAL(wp) :: missal
2818
2819	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
2820
2821	!
2822	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
2823	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
2824	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
2825	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
2826	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
2827	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
2828	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
2829	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
2830	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
2831	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
2832	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
2833	!
2834	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
2835	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
2836	!
2837	!-- Write current wind direction into array
2838	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
2839	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
2840	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
2841	!
2842	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
2843	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
2844
2845	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
2846	!
2847	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
2848	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
2849	!
2850	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
2851	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
2852	!
2853	!-- Start yawing of turbine
2854	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2855	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
2856	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
2857	ENDIF
2858	ENDIF
2859
2860	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
2861
2862	!
2863	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
2864	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
2865	!-- than min_miss
2866
2867	ELSE
2868	!
2869	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
2870	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
2871	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
2872	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
2873	!
2874	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
2875	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
2876	!
2877	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
2878	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
2879	!
2880	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
2881	!-- yaw direction is still right
2882	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
2883	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
2884	!
2885	!-- Continue yawing
2886	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2887	ELSE
2888	!
2889	!-- Stop yawing
2890	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
2891	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
2892	ENDIF
2893	ELSE
2894	!
2895	!-- Continue yawing
2896	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
2897	ENDIF
2898
2899	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
2900
2901	ENDIF
2902
2903	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
2904
2905
2906	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2907	! Description:
2908	! ------------
2909	!> Initialization of the speed control
2910	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2911	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
2912
2913
2914	IMPLICIT NONE
2915
2916	!
2917	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
2918	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
2919	!
2920	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
2921	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
2922	!
2923	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
2924	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
2925	!
2926	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
2927	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
2928	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
2929	!
2930	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
2931	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
2932	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
2933	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
2934	!
2935	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
2936	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
2937	!
2938	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
2939	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
2940	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
2941	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
2942	ENDIF
2943
2944	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
2945
2946
2947	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2948	! Description:
2949	! ------------
2950	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
2951	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2952	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
2953
2954
2955	IMPLICIT NONE
2956
2957	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
2958
2959
2960
2961	!
2962	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
2963	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
2964	!-- offshore system developement"
2965
2966	!
2967	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
2968	!-- for the control of the generator torque
2969	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
2970	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
2971	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
2972
2973	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
2974	!
2975	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
2976	torque_gen(inot) = 0
2977
2978	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
2979	!
2980	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
2981	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
2982
2983	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
2984	!
2985	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
2986	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
2987	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
2988
2989	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
2990	!
2991	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
2992	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
2993
2994	ELSE
2995	!
2996	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
2997	!-- keep the power constant:
2998	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
2999
3000	ENDIF
3001	!
3002	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
3003	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
3004	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
3005	!
3006	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
3007	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
3008	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
3009	!
3010	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
3011	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
3012
3013
3014	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
3015
3016
3017	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3018	! Description:
3019	! ------------
3020	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
3021	!> flow components (tendency terms)
3022	!> Call for all grid points
3023	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3024	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
3025
3026
3027	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
3028
3029	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
3030	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
3031	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
3032
3033
3034	SELECT CASE ( location )
3035
3036	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
3037
3038	CALL wtm_forces
3039
3040	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
3041	!
3042	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
3043	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3044	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3045	DO j = nysg, nyng
3046	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3047	!
3048	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
3049	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3050	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3051	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3052	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3053
3054	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
3055	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
3056	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3057	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
3058	ENDDO
3059	ENDDO
3060	ENDDO
3061	ENDIF
3062
3063	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
3064	!
3065	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
3066	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3067	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3068	DO j = nysg, nyng
3069	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3070	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3071	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3072	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3073	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3074	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
3075	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
3076	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3077	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
3078	ENDDO
3079	ENDDO
3080	ENDDO
3081	ENDIF
3082
3083	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
3084	!
3085	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
3086	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3087	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
3088	DO j = nysg, nyng
3089	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3090	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
3091	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3092	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
3093	ENDDO
3094	ENDDO
3095	ENDDO
3096	ENDIF
3097
3098
3099	CASE DEFAULT
3100	CONTINUE
3101
3102	END SELECT
3103
3104
3105	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
3106
3107
3108	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3109	! Description:
3110	! ------------
3111	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
3112	!> flow components (tendency terms)
3113	!> Call for grid point i,j
3114	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3115	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
3116
3117
3118	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
3119	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
3120	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
3121	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
3122
3123	SELECT CASE ( location )
3124
3125	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
3126
3127	CALL wtm_forces
3128
3129	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
3130	!
3131	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
3132	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3133	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3134	!
3135	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
3136	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3137	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3138	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3139	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
3140	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
3141	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
3142	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3143	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
3144	ENDDO
3145	ENDIF
3146
3147	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
3148	!
3149	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
3150	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3151	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3152	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3153	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3154	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
3155	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
3156	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
3157	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
3158	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3159	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
3160	ENDDO
3161	ENDIF
3162
3163	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
3164	!
3165	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
3166	IF ( time_since_reference_point >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
3167	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
3168	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
3169	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
3170	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
3171	ENDDO
3172	ENDIF
3173
3174
3175	CASE DEFAULT
3176	CONTINUE
3177
3178	END SELECT
3179
3180
3181	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
3182
3183
3184	SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
3185
3186
3187	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_ind = 0 !< time index
3188
3189	INTEGER(iwp) :: return_value !< returned status value of called function
3190
3191	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
3192
3193	!
3194	!-- At the first call of this routine write the spatial coordinates.
3195	IF ( .NOT. initial_write_coordinates ) THEN
3196	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
3197	output_values_1d_target = rcx(1:nturbines)
3198	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3199	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3200	'x', &
3201	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3202	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3203	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
3204
3205	output_values_1d_target = rcy(1:nturbines)
3206	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3207	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3208	'y', &
3209	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3210	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3211	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
3212
3213	output_values_1d_target = rcz(1:nturbines)
3214	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3215	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3216	'z', &
3217	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3218	bounds_start = (/1/), &
3219	bounds_end = (/nturbines/) )
3220
3221	initial_write_coordinates = .TRUE.
3222	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
3223	ENDIF
3224
3225	t_ind = t_ind + 1
3226
3227	ALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target(1:nturbines) )
3228	output_values_1d_target = omega_rot(:)
3229	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3230
3231	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3232	'rotor_speed', &
3233	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3234	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3235	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3236
3237	output_values_1d_target = omega_gen(:)
3238	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3239	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3240	'generator_speed', &
3241	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3242	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3243	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3244
3245	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)
3246	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3247
3248	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3249	'generator_torque', &
3250	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3251	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3252	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3253
3254	output_values_1d_target = torque_total(:)
3255	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3256
3257	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3258	'rotor_torque', &
3259	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3260	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3261	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3262
3263	output_values_1d_target = pitch_add(:)
3264	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3265
3266	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3267	'pitch_angle', &
3268	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3269	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3270	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3271
3272	output_values_1d_target = torque_gen_old(:)omega_gen(:)gen_eff
3273	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3274
3275	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3276	'generator_power', &
3277	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3278	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3279	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3280
3281	DO inot = 1, nturbines
3282	output_values_1d_target(inot) = torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens
3283	ENDDO
3284	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3285
3286	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3287	'rotor_power', &
3288	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3289	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3290	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3291
3292	output_values_1d_target = thrust_rotor(:)
3293	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3294
3295	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3296	'rotor_thrust', &
3297	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3298	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3299	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3300
3301	output_values_1d_target = wdir(:)*180.0_wp/pi
3302	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3303
3304	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3305	'wind_direction', &
3306	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3307	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3308	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3309
3310	output_values_1d_target = (phi_yaw(:))*180.0_wp/pi
3311	output_values_1d_pointer => output_values_1d_target
3312
3313	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3314	'yaw_angle', &
3315	values_realwp_1d = output_values_1d_pointer, &
3316	bounds_start = (/1, t_ind/), &
3317	bounds_end = (/nturbines, t_ind /) )
3318
3319	output_values_0d_target = time_since_reference_point
3320	output_values_0d_pointer => output_values_0d_target
3321
3322	return_value = dom_write_var( nc_filename, &
3323	'time', &
3324	values_realwp_0d = output_values_0d_pointer, &
3325	bounds_start = (/t_ind/), &
3326	bounds_end = (/t_ind/) )
3327
3328	DEALLOCATE ( output_values_1d_target )
3329
3330	ENDIF
3331
3332	END SUBROUTINE wtm_data_output
3333
3334	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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