1 | !> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 |
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2 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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3 | ! This file is part of the PALM model system. |
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4 | ! |
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5 | ! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the |
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6 | ! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software |
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7 | ! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later |
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8 | ! version. |
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9 | ! |
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10 | ! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY |
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11 | ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR |
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12 | ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
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13 | ! |
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14 | ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
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15 | ! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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16 | ! |
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17 | ! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg |
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18 | ! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover |
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19 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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20 | ! |
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21 | ! Current revisions: |
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22 | ! ----------------- |
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23 | ! |
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24 | ! |
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25 | ! Former revisions: |
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26 | ! ----------------- |
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27 | ! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z suehring $ |
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28 | ! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction |
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29 | ! of additional debug messages |
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30 | ! |
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31 | ! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop |
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32 | ! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface |
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33 | ! |
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34 | ! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch |
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35 | ! instrumented with openmp directives |
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36 | ! |
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37 | ! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch |
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38 | ! unused variables removed |
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39 | ! |
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40 | ! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop |
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41 | ! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup |
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42 | ! |
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43 | ! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop |
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44 | ! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees' |
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45 | ! |
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46 | ! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop |
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47 | ! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components |
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48 | ! |
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49 | ! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward |
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50 | ! Minor formating changes |
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51 | ! |
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52 | ! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward |
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53 | ! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message |
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54 | ! |
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55 | ! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch |
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56 | ! unused variables removed |
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57 | ! |
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58 | ! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring |
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59 | ! Check for vertical stretching has been revised. |
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60 | ! |
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61 | ! 3139 2018-07-17 11:30:10Z Giersch |
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62 | ! Bugfix in calculation of alpha_attack |
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63 | ! |
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64 | ! 3069 2018-06-15 07:56:09Z witha |
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65 | ! Initialization of some arrays added |
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66 | ! |
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67 | ! 3066 2018-06-12 08:55:55Z Giersch |
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68 | ! Error message revised |
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69 | ! |
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70 | ! 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch |
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71 | ! dz was replaced by dz(1), error message concerning grid stretching has been |
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72 | ! introduced |
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73 | ! |
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74 | ! 3049 2018-05-29 13:52:36Z Giersch |
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75 | ! Error messages revised |
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76 | ! |
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77 | ! 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z Giersch |
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78 | ! renamed wind_turbine_par to wind_turbine_parameters |
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79 | ! |
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80 | ! 2894 2018-03-15 09:17:58Z Giersch |
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81 | ! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was |
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82 | ! found, reading of restart strings has been moved completely to |
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83 | ! read_restart_data_mod, wind_turbine_prerun flag has been removed, redundant |
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84 | ! skipping function has been removed, wtm_read/write_restart_data have been |
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85 | ! renamed to wtm_r/wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global is called in |
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86 | ! read_restart_data_mod now, marker *** end wtm *** was removed, strings and |
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87 | ! their respective lengths are written out and read now in case of restart |
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88 | ! runs to get rid of prescribed character lengths, CASE DEFAULT was added if |
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89 | ! restart data is read |
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90 | ! |
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91 | ! 2885 2018-03-14 11:02:46Z Giersch |
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92 | ! Bugfix in interpolation of lift and drag coefficients on fine grid of radius |
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93 | ! segments and angles of attack, speed-up of the initialization of the wind |
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94 | ! turbine model |
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95 | ! |
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96 | ! 2792 2018-02-07 06:45:29Z Giersch |
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97 | ! omega_rot_l has to be calculated after determining the indices for the hub in |
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98 | ! case of restart runs |
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99 | ! |
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100 | ! 2776 2018-01-31 10:44:42Z Giersch |
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101 | ! wind_turbine_prerun flag is used to define if module |
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102 | ! related parameters were outputted as restart data |
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103 | ! |
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104 | ! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga |
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105 | ! Corrected "Former revisions" section |
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106 | ! |
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107 | ! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani |
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108 | ! Change in file header (GPL part) |
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109 | ! |
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110 | ! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch |
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111 | ! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now |
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112 | ! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##" |
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113 | ! |
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114 | ! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch |
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115 | ! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_global to skip module |
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116 | ! parameters during reading restart data |
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117 | ! |
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118 | ! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch |
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119 | ! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two |
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120 | ! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be |
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121 | ! defined |
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122 | ! |
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123 | ! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch |
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124 | ! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine |
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125 | ! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the |
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126 | ! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style |
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127 | ! |
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128 | ! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch |
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129 | ! Revise error message PA0462 |
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130 | ! |
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131 | ! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch |
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132 | ! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages |
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133 | ! |
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134 | ! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch |
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135 | ! Unit correction in Doxygen comments |
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136 | ! |
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137 | ! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch |
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138 | ! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90 |
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139 | ! |
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140 | ! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch |
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141 | ! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers |
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142 | ! |
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143 | ! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha |
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144 | ! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated |
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145 | ! |
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146 | ! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring |
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147 | ! |
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148 | ! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring |
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149 | ! Adjustments to new topography concept |
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150 | ! |
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151 | ! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer |
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152 | ! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables |
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153 | ! Addition of a tip loss model |
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154 | ! |
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155 | ! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer |
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156 | ! Bugfix of pitch control |
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157 | ! |
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158 | ! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop |
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159 | ! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns |
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160 | ! |
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161 | ! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring |
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162 | ! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode |
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163 | ! |
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164 | ! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha |
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165 | ! Initial revision |
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166 | ! |
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167 | ! |
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168 | ! Description: |
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169 | ! ------------ |
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170 | !> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The |
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171 | !> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method |
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172 | !> (ADM-R). |
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173 | !> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted. |
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174 | !> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and |
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175 | !> yaw. |
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176 | !> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine |
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177 | !> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently |
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178 | !> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in |
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179 | !> automatically). |
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180 | !> |
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181 | !> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching |
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182 | !> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard |
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183 | !> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models |
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184 | !> @todo Generate header information |
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185 | !> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages |
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186 | !> @todo Revise and add code documentation |
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187 | !> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries |
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188 | !> @todo Include additional output variables |
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189 | !> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw |
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190 | !> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization |
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191 | !> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation |
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192 | ! |
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193 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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194 | MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod |
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195 | |
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196 | USE arrays_3d, & |
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197 | ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw |
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198 | |
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199 | USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, & |
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200 | ONLY: pi |
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201 | |
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202 | USE control_parameters, & |
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203 | ONLY: coupling_char, & |
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204 | debug_output, & |
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205 | dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, & |
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206 | wind_turbine, initializing_actions |
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207 | |
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208 | USE cpulog, & |
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209 | ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s |
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210 | |
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211 | USE grid_variables, & |
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212 | ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy |
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213 | |
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214 | USE indices, & |
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215 | ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, & |
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216 | nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0 |
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217 | |
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218 | USE kinds |
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219 | |
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220 | USE pegrid |
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221 | |
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222 | |
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223 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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224 | |
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225 | PRIVATE |
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226 | |
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227 | ! |
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228 | !-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par |
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229 | |
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230 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM) |
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231 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines |
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232 | |
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233 | LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller |
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234 | LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller |
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235 | LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller |
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236 | LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct. |
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237 | |
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238 | REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into |
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239 | !< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz)) |
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240 | REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into |
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241 | !< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz)) |
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242 | REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started |
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243 | REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards ) |
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244 | |
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245 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m] |
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246 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s] |
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247 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west ) |
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248 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle |
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249 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction |
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250 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction |
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251 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction |
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252 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m] |
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253 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m] |
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254 | ! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle |
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255 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower |
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256 | |
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257 | ! |
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258 | !-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller |
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259 | !-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008) |
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260 | |
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261 | REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W] |
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262 | REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator |
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263 | REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2] |
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264 | REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2] |
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265 | REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator |
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266 | REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator |
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267 | REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3] |
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268 | REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s] |
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269 | REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm] |
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270 | REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2 |
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271 | REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s] |
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272 | REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s] |
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273 | REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s] |
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274 | REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s] |
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275 | |
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276 | |
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277 | ! |
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278 | !-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control |
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279 | |
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280 | REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s] |
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281 | REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad] |
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282 | REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad] |
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283 | |
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284 | ! |
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285 | !-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS |
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286 | TYPE file_status |
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287 | LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before |
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288 | END TYPE file_status |
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289 | |
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290 | TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = & |
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291 | file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.) |
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292 | |
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293 | ! |
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294 | !-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model |
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295 | |
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296 | INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id) |
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297 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays) |
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298 | INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays) |
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299 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number) |
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300 | INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !< |
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301 | |
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302 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !< |
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303 | |
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304 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine |
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305 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction) |
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306 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine |
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307 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction) |
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308 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height |
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309 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction) |
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310 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine |
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311 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine |
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312 | |
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313 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine |
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314 | |
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315 | ! |
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316 | !- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid |
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317 | REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct |
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318 | REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct |
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319 | REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !< |
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320 | REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !< |
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321 | REAL(wp) :: eps_min !< |
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322 | REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !< |
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323 | |
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324 | ! |
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325 | !-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients |
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326 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !< |
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327 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !< |
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328 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length |
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329 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !< |
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330 | |
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331 | REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of |
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332 | !< the lift and drag coeff [deg] |
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333 | |
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334 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient |
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335 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient |
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336 | |
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337 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient |
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338 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient |
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339 | |
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340 | ! |
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341 | !-- Variables for the calculation of the forces |
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342 | |
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343 | REAL(wp) :: cur_r !< |
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344 | REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !< |
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345 | REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !< |
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346 | REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !< |
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347 | REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !< |
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348 | REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !< |
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349 | REAL(wp) :: u_rot !< |
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350 | REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !< |
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351 | REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !< |
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352 | REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !< |
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353 | REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !< |
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354 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, & |
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355 | !$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u) |
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356 | ! |
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357 | !- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust |
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358 | REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !< |
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359 | REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !< |
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360 | REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !< |
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361 | REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !< |
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362 | !$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y) |
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363 | |
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364 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !< |
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365 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !< |
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366 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !< |
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367 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !< |
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368 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !< |
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369 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !< |
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370 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !< |
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371 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !< |
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372 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !< |
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373 | |
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374 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements |
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375 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates |
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376 | |
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377 | ! |
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378 | !- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid |
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379 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !< |
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380 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !< |
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381 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !< |
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382 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !< |
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383 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !< |
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384 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !< |
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385 | |
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386 | ! |
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387 | !- rotor tendencies on the segments |
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388 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !< |
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389 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !< |
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390 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !< |
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391 | |
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392 | ! |
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393 | !- rotor tendencies on the rings |
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394 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !< |
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395 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !< |
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396 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !< |
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397 | |
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398 | ! |
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399 | !- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines |
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400 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !< |
---|
401 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !< |
---|
402 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !< |
---|
403 | |
---|
404 | ! |
---|
405 | !- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid |
---|
406 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !< |
---|
407 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !< |
---|
408 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !< |
---|
409 | ! |
---|
410 | !- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates |
---|
411 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates |
---|
412 | |
---|
413 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !< |
---|
414 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !< |
---|
415 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !< |
---|
416 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !< |
---|
417 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !< |
---|
418 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !< |
---|
419 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !< |
---|
420 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !< |
---|
421 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !< |
---|
422 | |
---|
423 | ! |
---|
424 | !-- Fixed variables for the speed controller |
---|
425 | |
---|
426 | LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !< |
---|
427 | |
---|
428 | REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter |
---|
429 | REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5 |
---|
430 | REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change |
---|
431 | REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5 |
---|
432 | REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5 |
---|
433 | REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change |
---|
434 | REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !< |
---|
435 | REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter |
---|
436 | |
---|
437 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s] |
---|
438 | |
---|
439 | ! |
---|
440 | !-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller |
---|
441 | |
---|
442 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw |
---|
443 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle |
---|
444 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd |
---|
445 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd |
---|
446 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub |
---|
447 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub |
---|
448 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !< |
---|
449 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !< |
---|
450 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !< |
---|
451 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !< |
---|
452 | LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !< |
---|
453 | INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !< |
---|
454 | INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !< |
---|
455 | |
---|
456 | ! |
---|
457 | !-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts |
---|
458 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle |
---|
459 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed |
---|
460 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed |
---|
461 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed |
---|
462 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed |
---|
463 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque |
---|
464 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque |
---|
465 | |
---|
466 | |
---|
467 | SAVE |
---|
468 | |
---|
469 | |
---|
470 | INTERFACE wtm_parin |
---|
471 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin |
---|
472 | END INTERFACE wtm_parin |
---|
473 | |
---|
474 | INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters |
---|
475 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters |
---|
476 | END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters |
---|
477 | |
---|
478 | INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays |
---|
479 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays |
---|
480 | END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays |
---|
481 | |
---|
482 | INTERFACE wtm_init |
---|
483 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init |
---|
484 | END INTERFACE wtm_init |
---|
485 | |
---|
486 | INTERFACE wtm_actions |
---|
487 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions |
---|
488 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij |
---|
489 | END INTERFACE wtm_actions |
---|
490 | |
---|
491 | INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global |
---|
492 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global |
---|
493 | END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global |
---|
494 | |
---|
495 | INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global |
---|
496 | MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global |
---|
497 | END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global |
---|
498 | |
---|
499 | |
---|
500 | PUBLIC & |
---|
501 | wtm_parin, & |
---|
502 | wtm_check_parameters, & |
---|
503 | wtm_init_arrays, & |
---|
504 | wtm_init, & |
---|
505 | wtm_actions, & |
---|
506 | wtm_rrd_global, & |
---|
507 | wtm_wrd_global |
---|
508 | |
---|
509 | |
---|
510 | CONTAINS |
---|
511 | |
---|
512 | |
---|
513 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
514 | ! Description: |
---|
515 | ! ------------ |
---|
516 | !> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model |
---|
517 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
518 | SUBROUTINE wtm_parin |
---|
519 | |
---|
520 | |
---|
521 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
522 | |
---|
523 | CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file |
---|
524 | |
---|
525 | NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, & |
---|
526 | gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, & |
---|
527 | max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, & |
---|
528 | min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, & |
---|
529 | omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,& |
---|
530 | rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, & |
---|
531 | rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, & |
---|
532 | slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,& |
---|
533 | turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, & |
---|
534 | yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor |
---|
535 | ! , turb_cd_nacelle |
---|
536 | |
---|
537 | NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ & |
---|
538 | air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, & |
---|
539 | gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, & |
---|
540 | max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, & |
---|
541 | min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, & |
---|
542 | omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,& |
---|
543 | rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, & |
---|
544 | rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, & |
---|
545 | slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,& |
---|
546 | turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, & |
---|
547 | yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor |
---|
548 | ! , turb_cd_nacelle |
---|
549 | ! |
---|
550 | !-- Try to find wind turbine model package |
---|
551 | REWIND ( 11 ) |
---|
552 | line = ' ' |
---|
553 | DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 ) |
---|
554 | READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line |
---|
555 | ENDDO |
---|
556 | BACKSPACE ( 11 ) |
---|
557 | |
---|
558 | ! |
---|
559 | !-- Read user-defined namelist |
---|
560 | READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10 ) |
---|
561 | ! |
---|
562 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on |
---|
563 | wind_turbine = .TRUE. |
---|
564 | |
---|
565 | GOTO 14 |
---|
566 | |
---|
567 | 10 BACKSPACE( 11 ) |
---|
568 | READ( 11 , '(A)') line |
---|
569 | CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line ) |
---|
570 | |
---|
571 | ! |
---|
572 | !-- Try to find wind turbine model package |
---|
573 | 12 REWIND ( 11 ) |
---|
574 | line = ' ' |
---|
575 | DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 ) |
---|
576 | READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line |
---|
577 | ENDDO |
---|
578 | BACKSPACE ( 11 ) |
---|
579 | |
---|
580 | ! |
---|
581 | !-- Read user-defined namelist |
---|
582 | READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 ) |
---|
583 | |
---|
584 | message_string = 'namelist wind_tubrine_par is deprecated and will ' // & |
---|
585 | 'be removed in near future. &Please use namelist ' // & |
---|
586 | 'wind_turbine_parameters instead' |
---|
587 | CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
588 | |
---|
589 | ! |
---|
590 | !-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on |
---|
591 | wind_turbine = .TRUE. |
---|
592 | |
---|
593 | GOTO 14 |
---|
594 | |
---|
595 | 13 BACKSPACE( 11 ) |
---|
596 | READ( 11 , '(A)') line |
---|
597 | CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_par', line ) |
---|
598 | |
---|
599 | 14 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen |
---|
600 | |
---|
601 | |
---|
602 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin |
---|
603 | |
---|
604 | |
---|
605 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
606 | ! Description: |
---|
607 | ! ------------ |
---|
608 | !> This routine writes the respective restart data. |
---|
609 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
610 | SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global |
---|
611 | |
---|
612 | |
---|
613 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
614 | |
---|
615 | |
---|
616 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' ) |
---|
617 | WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen |
---|
618 | |
---|
619 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' ) |
---|
620 | WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f |
---|
621 | |
---|
622 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' ) |
---|
623 | WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old |
---|
624 | |
---|
625 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' ) |
---|
626 | WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old |
---|
627 | |
---|
628 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' ) |
---|
629 | WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot |
---|
630 | |
---|
631 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' ) |
---|
632 | WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw |
---|
633 | |
---|
634 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' ) |
---|
635 | WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add |
---|
636 | |
---|
637 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' ) |
---|
638 | WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old |
---|
639 | |
---|
640 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' ) |
---|
641 | WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen |
---|
642 | |
---|
643 | CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' ) |
---|
644 | WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old |
---|
645 | |
---|
646 | |
---|
647 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global |
---|
648 | |
---|
649 | |
---|
650 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
651 | ! Description: |
---|
652 | ! ------------ |
---|
653 | !> This routine reads the respective restart data. |
---|
654 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
655 | SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found ) |
---|
656 | |
---|
657 | |
---|
658 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
659 | ONLY: length, restart_string |
---|
660 | |
---|
661 | |
---|
662 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
663 | |
---|
664 | LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found |
---|
665 | |
---|
666 | |
---|
667 | found = .TRUE. |
---|
668 | |
---|
669 | |
---|
670 | SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) ) |
---|
671 | |
---|
672 | CASE ( 'omega_gen' ) |
---|
673 | READ ( 13 ) omega_gen |
---|
674 | CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' ) |
---|
675 | READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f |
---|
676 | CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' ) |
---|
677 | READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old |
---|
678 | CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' ) |
---|
679 | READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old |
---|
680 | CASE ( 'omega_rot' ) |
---|
681 | READ ( 13 ) omega_rot |
---|
682 | CASE ( 'phi_yaw' ) |
---|
683 | READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw |
---|
684 | CASE ( 'pitch_add' ) |
---|
685 | READ ( 13 ) pitch_add |
---|
686 | CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' ) |
---|
687 | READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old |
---|
688 | CASE ( 'torque_gen' ) |
---|
689 | READ ( 13 ) torque_gen |
---|
690 | CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' ) |
---|
691 | READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old |
---|
692 | |
---|
693 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
694 | |
---|
695 | found = .FALSE. |
---|
696 | |
---|
697 | END SELECT |
---|
698 | |
---|
699 | |
---|
700 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global |
---|
701 | |
---|
702 | |
---|
703 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
704 | ! Description: |
---|
705 | ! ------------ |
---|
706 | !> Check namelist parameter |
---|
707 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
708 | SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters |
---|
709 | |
---|
710 | |
---|
711 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
712 | |
---|
713 | IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN |
---|
714 | message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// & |
---|
715 | 'speed_control = .TRUE.' |
---|
716 | CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
717 | ENDIF |
---|
718 | |
---|
719 | IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN |
---|
720 | message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // & |
---|
721 | 'a value equal or larger than zero' |
---|
722 | CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
723 | ENDIF |
---|
724 | |
---|
725 | |
---|
726 | IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. & |
---|
727 | ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. & |
---|
728 | ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN |
---|
729 | |
---|
730 | message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // & |
---|
731 | 'have to be given for each turbine.' |
---|
732 | CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
733 | |
---|
734 | ENDIF |
---|
735 | |
---|
736 | |
---|
737 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters |
---|
738 | |
---|
739 | |
---|
740 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
741 | ! Description: |
---|
742 | ! ------------ |
---|
743 | !> Allocate wind turbine model arrays |
---|
744 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
745 | SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays |
---|
746 | |
---|
747 | |
---|
748 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
749 | |
---|
750 | REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !< |
---|
751 | REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !< |
---|
752 | |
---|
753 | ! |
---|
754 | !-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments, |
---|
755 | !-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated: |
---|
756 | |
---|
757 | ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
758 | ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
759 | |
---|
760 | nrings(:) = 0 |
---|
761 | delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
762 | |
---|
763 | ! |
---|
764 | !-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment: |
---|
765 | delta_r_factor = segment_width |
---|
766 | delta_t_factor = segment_length |
---|
767 | delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1)) |
---|
768 | |
---|
769 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
770 | ! |
---|
771 | !-- Determine number of rings: |
---|
772 | nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init ) |
---|
773 | |
---|
774 | delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot) |
---|
775 | |
---|
776 | ENDDO |
---|
777 | |
---|
778 | nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings) |
---|
779 | |
---|
780 | ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) ) |
---|
781 | ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
782 | |
---|
783 | nsegs(:,:) = 0 |
---|
784 | nsegs_total(:) = 0 |
---|
785 | |
---|
786 | |
---|
787 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
788 | DO ring = 1, nrings(inot) |
---|
789 | ! |
---|
790 | !-- Determine number of segments for each ring: |
---|
791 | nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * & |
---|
792 | ( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / & |
---|
793 | delta_t_factor ) ) |
---|
794 | ENDDO |
---|
795 | ! |
---|
796 | !-- Total sum of all rotor segments: |
---|
797 | nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) ) |
---|
798 | |
---|
799 | ENDDO |
---|
800 | |
---|
801 | ! |
---|
802 | !-- Maximum number of segments per ring: |
---|
803 | nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs) |
---|
804 | |
---|
805 | !! |
---|
806 | !!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben! |
---|
807 | ! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN |
---|
808 | ! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1) |
---|
809 | ! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------' |
---|
810 | ! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1) |
---|
811 | ! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------' |
---|
812 | ! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max |
---|
813 | ! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max |
---|
814 | ! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1) |
---|
815 | ! ENDIF |
---|
816 | |
---|
817 | |
---|
818 | ! |
---|
819 | !-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines) |
---|
820 | ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
821 | ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
822 | ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
823 | ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
824 | ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
825 | ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
826 | ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
827 | ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
828 | |
---|
829 | ! |
---|
830 | !-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control |
---|
831 | ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
832 | ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
833 | ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
834 | ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
835 | ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
836 | ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
837 | |
---|
838 | ! |
---|
839 | !-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments) |
---|
840 | ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
841 | ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
842 | ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
843 | ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
844 | ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
845 | ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
846 | ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
847 | ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
848 | ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
849 | ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
850 | |
---|
851 | ! |
---|
852 | !-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments) |
---|
853 | ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
854 | ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
855 | ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
856 | ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
857 | ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
858 | ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
859 | |
---|
860 | ! |
---|
861 | !-- Allocate additional 2D arrays |
---|
862 | ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) ) |
---|
863 | ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) ) |
---|
864 | ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) ) |
---|
865 | |
---|
866 | ! |
---|
867 | !-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points) |
---|
868 | ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
869 | ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
870 | ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
871 | ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
872 | ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
873 | ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
874 | ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
875 | ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
---|
876 | |
---|
877 | ! |
---|
878 | !-- Allocate additional 3D arrays |
---|
879 | ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
880 | ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
881 | ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
882 | ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
883 | ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
884 | ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) ) |
---|
885 | |
---|
886 | ! |
---|
887 | !-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero: |
---|
888 | i_hub(:) = 0 |
---|
889 | i_smear(:) = 0 |
---|
890 | j_hub(:) = 0 |
---|
891 | j_smear(:) = 0 |
---|
892 | k_hub(:) = 0 |
---|
893 | k_smear(:) = 0 |
---|
894 | |
---|
895 | torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
896 | thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
897 | |
---|
898 | IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN |
---|
899 | omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
900 | omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
901 | omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
902 | omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
903 | pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
904 | torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
905 | torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
906 | ENDIF |
---|
907 | |
---|
908 | yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
909 | wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
910 | wdir(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
911 | u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
912 | u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
913 | phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
914 | |
---|
915 | ! |
---|
916 | !-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments) |
---|
917 | alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
918 | chord(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
919 | phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
920 | thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
921 | torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
922 | torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
923 | turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
924 | turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
925 | vrel(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
926 | vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
927 | |
---|
928 | rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
929 | rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
930 | rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
931 | thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
932 | torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
933 | torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
934 | |
---|
935 | rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
936 | roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
937 | rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
938 | |
---|
939 | nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
940 | rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
941 | rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
942 | rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
943 | thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
944 | torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
945 | torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
946 | tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
947 | |
---|
948 | u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
949 | u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
950 | v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
951 | v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
952 | w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
953 | w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
954 | |
---|
955 | |
---|
956 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays |
---|
957 | |
---|
958 | |
---|
959 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
960 | ! Description: |
---|
961 | ! ------------ |
---|
962 | !> Initialization of the wind turbine model |
---|
963 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
964 | SUBROUTINE wtm_init |
---|
965 | |
---|
966 | |
---|
967 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
968 | ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start |
---|
969 | |
---|
970 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
971 | |
---|
972 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
973 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
974 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
975 | |
---|
976 | ! |
---|
977 | !-- Help variables for the smearing function |
---|
978 | REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !< |
---|
979 | |
---|
980 | ! |
---|
981 | !-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag |
---|
982 | INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !< |
---|
983 | INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !< |
---|
984 | |
---|
985 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !< |
---|
986 | |
---|
987 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !< |
---|
988 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !< |
---|
989 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !< |
---|
990 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !< |
---|
991 | |
---|
992 | IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' ) |
---|
993 | |
---|
994 | ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
995 | ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
996 | ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
997 | ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) ) |
---|
998 | |
---|
999 | ! |
---|
1000 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1001 | !-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel |
---|
1002 | !-- (smearing of the forces) |
---|
1003 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1004 | ! |
---|
1005 | !-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will |
---|
1006 | !-- be calculated: |
---|
1007 | |
---|
1008 | !-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to |
---|
1009 | !-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy, |
---|
1010 | !-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608): |
---|
1011 | eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx |
---|
1012 | ! |
---|
1013 | !-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following |
---|
1014 | !-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall |
---|
1015 | !-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before: |
---|
1016 | eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )**( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) * & |
---|
1017 | pi**( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) * eps_kernel |
---|
1018 | ! |
---|
1019 | !-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind |
---|
1020 | !-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above |
---|
1021 | !-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the |
---|
1022 | !-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative). |
---|
1023 | IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + & |
---|
1024 | MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + & |
---|
1025 | eps_min) THEN |
---|
1026 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', & |
---|
1027 | 'stretching is applied &have to be ', & |
---|
1028 | 'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +& |
---|
1029 | MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min |
---|
1030 | CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1031 | ENDIF |
---|
1032 | ! |
---|
1033 | !-- Square of eps_min: |
---|
1034 | eps_min2 = eps_min**2 |
---|
1035 | ! |
---|
1036 | !-- Parameters in the polynomial function: |
---|
1037 | pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4 |
---|
1038 | pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2 |
---|
1039 | ! |
---|
1040 | !-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing |
---|
1041 | !-- function: |
---|
1042 | eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 ) |
---|
1043 | |
---|
1044 | !-- Change tilt angle to rad: |
---|
1045 | tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp |
---|
1046 | |
---|
1047 | ! |
---|
1048 | !-- Change yaw angle to rad: |
---|
1049 | IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN |
---|
1050 | phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp |
---|
1051 | ENDIF |
---|
1052 | |
---|
1053 | |
---|
1054 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
1055 | ! |
---|
1056 | !-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined |
---|
1057 | CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot ) |
---|
1058 | |
---|
1059 | ! |
---|
1060 | !-- Determine the indices of the hub height |
---|
1061 | i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx ) |
---|
1062 | j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy ) |
---|
1063 | k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) ) |
---|
1064 | |
---|
1065 | ! |
---|
1066 | !-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied. |
---|
1067 | !-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than |
---|
1068 | !-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a |
---|
1069 | !-- function of eps_min: |
---|
1070 | i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx ) |
---|
1071 | j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy ) |
---|
1072 | k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) ) |
---|
1073 | |
---|
1074 | ENDDO |
---|
1075 | |
---|
1076 | ! |
---|
1077 | !-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local |
---|
1078 | !-- omega_rot for the respective processor. |
---|
1079 | IF ( speed_control) THEN |
---|
1080 | |
---|
1081 | CALL wtm_init_speed_control |
---|
1082 | |
---|
1083 | IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN |
---|
1084 | |
---|
1085 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
1086 | |
---|
1087 | IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN |
---|
1088 | torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1089 | omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1090 | omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1091 | ENDIF |
---|
1092 | |
---|
1093 | IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN |
---|
1094 | torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1095 | omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1096 | omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1097 | ENDIF |
---|
1098 | |
---|
1099 | IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN |
---|
1100 | torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1101 | omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1102 | omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1103 | ENDIF |
---|
1104 | |
---|
1105 | IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN |
---|
1106 | torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1107 | omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1108 | omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1109 | ENDIF |
---|
1110 | |
---|
1111 | IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN |
---|
1112 | IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN |
---|
1113 | |
---|
1114 | omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio |
---|
1115 | |
---|
1116 | ENDIF |
---|
1117 | ENDIF |
---|
1118 | |
---|
1119 | END DO |
---|
1120 | |
---|
1121 | ENDIF |
---|
1122 | |
---|
1123 | ENDIF |
---|
1124 | |
---|
1125 | ! |
---|
1126 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1127 | !-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area |
---|
1128 | !-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces) |
---|
1129 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1130 | ! |
---|
1131 | !-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is |
---|
1132 | !-- perpendicular to the rotor area. |
---|
1133 | |
---|
1134 | ! |
---|
1135 | !-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points |
---|
1136 | !-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid: |
---|
1137 | upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000 |
---|
1138 | |
---|
1139 | ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) ) |
---|
1140 | |
---|
1141 | circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp |
---|
1142 | |
---|
1143 | |
---|
1144 | DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines |
---|
1145 | ! |
---|
1146 | !-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of |
---|
1147 | !-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that |
---|
1148 | !-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area): |
---|
1149 | i = i_hub(inot) |
---|
1150 | |
---|
1151 | ! |
---|
1152 | !-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding |
---|
1153 | !-- grid point indices): |
---|
1154 | index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy ) |
---|
1155 | index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy ) |
---|
1156 | ! |
---|
1157 | !-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding |
---|
1158 | !-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as |
---|
1159 | !-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the |
---|
1160 | !-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained |
---|
1161 | !-- in grid box 1. |
---|
1162 | index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1 |
---|
1163 | index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1 |
---|
1164 | |
---|
1165 | ! |
---|
1166 | !-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and |
---|
1167 | !-- the right boundaries of the tower: |
---|
1168 | tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy |
---|
1169 | tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy |
---|
1170 | |
---|
1171 | ! |
---|
1172 | !-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower |
---|
1173 | !-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower: |
---|
1174 | IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN |
---|
1175 | |
---|
1176 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1177 | ! |
---|
1178 | !-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower |
---|
1179 | IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN |
---|
1180 | |
---|
1181 | DO k = nzb, nzt |
---|
1182 | |
---|
1183 | IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN |
---|
1184 | IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN |
---|
1185 | ! |
---|
1186 | !-- leftmost and rightmost grid box: |
---|
1187 | IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN |
---|
1188 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - & |
---|
1189 | ( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction |
---|
1190 | ( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - & |
---|
1191 | ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction |
---|
1192 | turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1193 | ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN |
---|
1194 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - & |
---|
1195 | ( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction |
---|
1196 | ( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - & |
---|
1197 | ( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction |
---|
1198 | turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1199 | ! |
---|
1200 | !-- grid boxes inbetween |
---|
1201 | !-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area): |
---|
1202 | ELSE |
---|
1203 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - & |
---|
1204 | ( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& |
---|
1205 | dy * turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1206 | ENDIF |
---|
1207 | ! |
---|
1208 | !-- tower lies completely within one grid box: |
---|
1209 | ELSE |
---|
1210 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * & |
---|
1211 | dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * & |
---|
1212 | dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1213 | ENDIF |
---|
1214 | ! |
---|
1215 | !-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions |
---|
1216 | !-- are carried out: |
---|
1217 | ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN |
---|
1218 | |
---|
1219 | IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN |
---|
1220 | ! |
---|
1221 | !-- leftmost and rightmost grid box: |
---|
1222 | IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN |
---|
1223 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( & |
---|
1224 | ( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - & |
---|
1225 | ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) & |
---|
1226 | ) * turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1227 | ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN |
---|
1228 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( & |
---|
1229 | ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - & |
---|
1230 | ( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy & |
---|
1231 | ) * turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1232 | ! |
---|
1233 | !-- grid boxes inbetween |
---|
1234 | !-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area): |
---|
1235 | ELSE |
---|
1236 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * & |
---|
1237 | turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1238 | ENDIF |
---|
1239 | ! |
---|
1240 | !-- tower lies completely within one grid box: |
---|
1241 | ELSE |
---|
1242 | tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * & |
---|
1243 | turb_cd_tower(inot) |
---|
1244 | ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box |
---|
1245 | |
---|
1246 | ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub |
---|
1247 | |
---|
1248 | ENDDO ! end loop over k |
---|
1249 | |
---|
1250 | ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower |
---|
1251 | |
---|
1252 | ENDDO ! end loop over j |
---|
1253 | |
---|
1254 | ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints |
---|
1255 | |
---|
1256 | |
---|
1257 | CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp ) |
---|
1258 | |
---|
1259 | ! |
---|
1260 | !-- Calculation of the nacelle area |
---|
1261 | !-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC |
---|
1262 | !-- cluster (Oldenburg) |
---|
1263 | !! |
---|
1264 | !!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for |
---|
1265 | !!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called |
---|
1266 | !!-- circle_points in the following): |
---|
1267 | ! |
---|
1268 | ! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp |
---|
1269 | ! |
---|
1270 | ! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end |
---|
1271 | ! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1272 | ! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)**2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )**2 !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1273 | ! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
1274 | !! |
---|
1275 | !!-- bottom intersection point |
---|
1276 | ! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg ) |
---|
1277 | !! |
---|
1278 | !!-- top intersection point |
---|
1279 | ! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1280 | ! ELSE |
---|
1281 | ! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1282 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1283 | ! ENDDO |
---|
1284 | ! |
---|
1285 | ! |
---|
1286 | ! DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
1287 | !! |
---|
1288 | !!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle |
---|
1289 | !!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between |
---|
1290 | !!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set |
---|
1291 | !!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0: |
---|
1292 | ! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN |
---|
1293 | ! DO k = nzb+1, nzt |
---|
1294 | !! |
---|
1295 | !!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the |
---|
1296 | !!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no |
---|
1297 | !!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently |
---|
1298 | !!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0: |
---|
1299 | ! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. & |
---|
1300 | ! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN |
---|
1301 | !! |
---|
1302 | !!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated. |
---|
1303 | !!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined |
---|
1304 | !!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the |
---|
1305 | !!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000 |
---|
1306 | !!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int): |
---|
1307 | ! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000 |
---|
1308 | ! dz_int = dz |
---|
1309 | ! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg |
---|
1310 | !! |
---|
1311 | !!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle |
---|
1312 | !!-- within the current grid box: |
---|
1313 | ! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1314 | ! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN |
---|
1315 | ! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1316 | ! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) ) |
---|
1317 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1318 | ! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1319 | ! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN |
---|
1320 | ! dz_int = dz_int - & |
---|
1321 | ! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) ) |
---|
1322 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1323 | ! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN |
---|
1324 | ! dz_int = 0.0_wp |
---|
1325 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1326 | ! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN |
---|
1327 | ! dz_int = 0.0_wp |
---|
1328 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1329 | ! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN |
---|
1330 | ! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1331 | ! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot) |
---|
1332 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1333 | ! ENDDO |
---|
1334 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1335 | ! ENDDO |
---|
1336 | ! ENDIF |
---|
1337 | ! |
---|
1338 | ! ENDDO |
---|
1339 | ! |
---|
1340 | ! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault |
---|
1341 | |
---|
1342 | ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines |
---|
1343 | |
---|
1344 | tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag |
---|
1345 | nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag |
---|
1346 | |
---|
1347 | CALL wtm_read_blade_tables |
---|
1348 | |
---|
1349 | IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' ) |
---|
1350 | |
---|
1351 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_init |
---|
1352 | |
---|
1353 | |
---|
1354 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1355 | ! Description: |
---|
1356 | ! ------------ |
---|
1357 | !> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables |
---|
1358 | !> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade |
---|
1359 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1360 | ! |
---|
1361 | SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables |
---|
1362 | |
---|
1363 | |
---|
1364 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
1365 | |
---|
1366 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index |
---|
1367 | INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index |
---|
1368 | |
---|
1369 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !< |
---|
1370 | |
---|
1371 | CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string |
---|
1372 | |
---|
1373 | INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table |
---|
1374 | INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table |
---|
1375 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value |
---|
1376 | INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !< |
---|
1377 | INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !< |
---|
1378 | INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution |
---|
1379 | INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil |
---|
1380 | INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil |
---|
1381 | INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !< |
---|
1382 | INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables |
---|
1383 | |
---|
1384 | REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !< |
---|
1385 | REAL(wp) :: weight_a !< |
---|
1386 | REAL(wp) :: weight_b !< |
---|
1387 | |
---|
1388 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !< |
---|
1389 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !< |
---|
1390 | |
---|
1391 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !< |
---|
1392 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !< |
---|
1393 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !< |
---|
1394 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !< |
---|
1395 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array |
---|
1396 | |
---|
1397 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !< |
---|
1398 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !< |
---|
1399 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !< |
---|
1400 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !< |
---|
1401 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !< |
---|
1402 | |
---|
1403 | ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) ) |
---|
1404 | |
---|
1405 | ! |
---|
1406 | !-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the |
---|
1407 | !-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables: |
---|
1408 | |
---|
1409 | OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn ) |
---|
1410 | |
---|
1411 | IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN |
---|
1412 | message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist' |
---|
1413 | CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
1414 | ENDIF |
---|
1415 | ! |
---|
1416 | !-- Read distribution table: |
---|
1417 | |
---|
1418 | dlen = 0 |
---|
1419 | |
---|
1420 | READ ( 90, '(3/)' ) |
---|
1421 | |
---|
1422 | rloop3: DO |
---|
1423 | READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess |
---|
1424 | IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3 |
---|
1425 | dlen = dlen + 1 |
---|
1426 | ENDDO rloop3 |
---|
1427 | |
---|
1428 | ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen)) |
---|
1429 | |
---|
1430 | DO jj = 1,dlen+1 |
---|
1431 | BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn ) |
---|
1432 | ENDDO |
---|
1433 | |
---|
1434 | DO jj = 1,dlen |
---|
1435 | READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj) |
---|
1436 | ENDDO |
---|
1437 | |
---|
1438 | ! |
---|
1439 | !-- Read layout table: |
---|
1440 | |
---|
1441 | dlen = 0 |
---|
1442 | |
---|
1443 | READ ( 90, '(3/)') |
---|
1444 | |
---|
1445 | rloop1: DO |
---|
1446 | READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess |
---|
1447 | IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1 |
---|
1448 | dlen = dlen + 1 |
---|
1449 | ENDDO rloop1 |
---|
1450 | |
---|
1451 | ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) ) |
---|
1452 | DO jj = 1, dlen+1 |
---|
1453 | BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn ) |
---|
1454 | ENDDO |
---|
1455 | DO jj = 1, dlen |
---|
1456 | READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj) |
---|
1457 | ENDDO |
---|
1458 | |
---|
1459 | ! |
---|
1460 | !-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles: |
---|
1461 | |
---|
1462 | dlen = 0 |
---|
1463 | |
---|
1464 | READ ( 90, '(3/)' ) |
---|
1465 | |
---|
1466 | rloop2: DO |
---|
1467 | READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess |
---|
1468 | IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2 |
---|
1469 | dlen = dlen + 1 |
---|
1470 | ENDDO rloop2 |
---|
1471 | |
---|
1472 | ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), & |
---|
1473 | turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) ) |
---|
1474 | |
---|
1475 | DO jj = 1,dlen+1 |
---|
1476 | BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn ) |
---|
1477 | ENDDO |
---|
1478 | |
---|
1479 | DO jj = 1,dlen |
---|
1480 | READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd |
---|
1481 | alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1) |
---|
1482 | DO ii= 1, nairfoils |
---|
1483 | turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2) |
---|
1484 | turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1) |
---|
1485 | ENDDO |
---|
1486 | |
---|
1487 | ENDDO |
---|
1488 | |
---|
1489 | dlenbl = dlen |
---|
1490 | |
---|
1491 | CLOSE ( 90 ) |
---|
1492 | |
---|
1493 | ! |
---|
1494 | !-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m) |
---|
1495 | !-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!) |
---|
1496 | !-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the |
---|
1497 | !-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack) |
---|
1498 | !-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position): |
---|
1499 | |
---|
1500 | ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) ) |
---|
1501 | ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) ) |
---|
1502 | ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) ) |
---|
1503 | ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) ) |
---|
1504 | |
---|
1505 | radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp |
---|
1506 | dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp |
---|
1507 | |
---|
1508 | ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) ) |
---|
1509 | ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) ) |
---|
1510 | |
---|
1511 | DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius |
---|
1512 | |
---|
1513 | cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp |
---|
1514 | ! |
---|
1515 | !-- Find position in table 1 |
---|
1516 | lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) ) |
---|
1517 | ! lct(1) = lct(1) |
---|
1518 | |
---|
1519 | IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN |
---|
1520 | lct(1) = lct(1) - 1 |
---|
1521 | ENDIF |
---|
1522 | |
---|
1523 | trow = lct(1) |
---|
1524 | ! |
---|
1525 | !-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation |
---|
1526 | weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) ) |
---|
1527 | weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) ) |
---|
1528 | t1 = ttoint1(trow) |
---|
1529 | t2 = ttoint2(trow) |
---|
1530 | |
---|
1531 | IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN |
---|
1532 | weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice |
---|
1533 | weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight |
---|
1534 | ENDIF |
---|
1535 | |
---|
1536 | IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN |
---|
1537 | turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp |
---|
1538 | turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp |
---|
1539 | turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp |
---|
1540 | turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp |
---|
1541 | |
---|
1542 | turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values |
---|
1543 | turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set |
---|
1544 | ! explicitly |
---|
1545 | ELSE |
---|
1546 | turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1) |
---|
1547 | turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2) |
---|
1548 | turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1) |
---|
1549 | turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2) |
---|
1550 | ! |
---|
1551 | !-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set |
---|
1552 | !-- explicitly |
---|
1553 | turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b & |
---|
1554 | * turb_cd_table(1,t2) ) |
---|
1555 | turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b & |
---|
1556 | * turb_cl_table(1,t2) ) |
---|
1557 | ENDIF |
---|
1558 | |
---|
1559 | DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles |
---|
1560 | |
---|
1561 | alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab |
---|
1562 | ialpha = 1 |
---|
1563 | |
---|
1564 | DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) ) |
---|
1565 | ialpha = ialpha + 1 |
---|
1566 | ENDDO |
---|
1567 | |
---|
1568 | ! |
---|
1569 | !-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius |
---|
1570 | !-- segments and angles of attack |
---|
1571 | |
---|
1572 | turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - & |
---|
1573 | alpha_attack_i ) / & |
---|
1574 | ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - & |
---|
1575 | alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * & |
---|
1576 | ( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + & |
---|
1577 | weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +& |
---|
1578 | ( alpha_attack_i - & |
---|
1579 | alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / & |
---|
1580 | ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - & |
---|
1581 | alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * & |
---|
1582 | ( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + & |
---|
1583 | weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) ) |
---|
1584 | turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - & |
---|
1585 | alpha_attack_i ) / & |
---|
1586 | ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - & |
---|
1587 | alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * & |
---|
1588 | ( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + & |
---|
1589 | weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +& |
---|
1590 | ( alpha_attack_i - & |
---|
1591 | alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / & |
---|
1592 | ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - & |
---|
1593 | alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * & |
---|
1594 | ( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + & |
---|
1595 | weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) ) |
---|
1596 | |
---|
1597 | ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack |
---|
1598 | |
---|
1599 | ENDDO ! end loop over radius |
---|
1600 | |
---|
1601 | |
---|
1602 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables |
---|
1603 | |
---|
1604 | |
---|
1605 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1606 | ! Description: |
---|
1607 | ! ------------ |
---|
1608 | !> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect |
---|
1609 | !> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated |
---|
1610 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1611 | SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot ) |
---|
1612 | |
---|
1613 | |
---|
1614 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
1615 | |
---|
1616 | INTEGER(iwp) :: inot |
---|
1617 | ! |
---|
1618 | !-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to |
---|
1619 | !-- the rotors |
---|
1620 | rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector |
---|
1621 | rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector |
---|
1622 | rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector |
---|
1623 | |
---|
1624 | rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector |
---|
1625 | rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector |
---|
1626 | rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector |
---|
1627 | |
---|
1628 | rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector |
---|
1629 | rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector |
---|
1630 | rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector |
---|
1631 | |
---|
1632 | ! |
---|
1633 | !-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to |
---|
1634 | !-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix. |
---|
1635 | |
---|
1636 | rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)**2 * & |
---|
1637 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt ) |
---|
1638 | rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * & |
---|
1639 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - & |
---|
1640 | rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt ) |
---|
1641 | rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * & |
---|
1642 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + & |
---|
1643 | rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt ) |
---|
1644 | rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * & |
---|
1645 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + & |
---|
1646 | rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt ) |
---|
1647 | rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)**2 * & |
---|
1648 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt ) |
---|
1649 | rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * & |
---|
1650 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - & |
---|
1651 | rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt ) |
---|
1652 | rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * & |
---|
1653 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - & |
---|
1654 | rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt ) |
---|
1655 | rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * & |
---|
1656 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + & |
---|
1657 | rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt ) |
---|
1658 | rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)**2 * & |
---|
1659 | ( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt ) |
---|
1660 | |
---|
1661 | ! |
---|
1662 | !-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric |
---|
1663 | !-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system |
---|
1664 | rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor ) |
---|
1665 | roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad ) |
---|
1666 | rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi ) |
---|
1667 | |
---|
1668 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor |
---|
1669 | |
---|
1670 | |
---|
1671 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
1672 | ! Description: |
---|
1673 | ! ------------ |
---|
1674 | !> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine |
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1675 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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1676 | SUBROUTINE wtm_forces |
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1677 | |
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1678 | |
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1679 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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1680 | |
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1681 | CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id |
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1682 | |
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1683 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices |
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1684 | INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id) |
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1685 | INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !< |
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1686 | INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !< |
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1687 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< |
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1688 | INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !< |
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1689 | |
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1690 | REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points |
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1691 | REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !< |
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1692 | REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !< |
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1693 | |
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1694 | REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances |
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1695 | REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var |
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1696 | |
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1697 | REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances |
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1698 | |
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1699 | |
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1700 | ! |
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1701 | ! Variables for pitch control |
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1702 | LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE. |
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1703 | |
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1704 | INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0 |
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1705 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp |
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1706 | |
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1707 | REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction |
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1708 | |
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1709 | |
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1710 | CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' ) |
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1711 | |
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1712 | |
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1713 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
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1714 | |
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1715 | ! |
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1716 | !-- Set forces to zero for each new time step: |
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1717 | thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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1718 | torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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1719 | torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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1720 | torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp |
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1721 | rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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1722 | rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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1723 | rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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1724 | thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp |
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1725 | ! |
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1726 | !-- Loop over number of turbines: |
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1727 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
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1728 | |
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1729 | cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot)) |
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1730 | sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot)) |
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1731 | ! |
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1732 | !-- Loop over rings of each turbine: |
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1733 | |
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1734 | !$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, & |
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1735 | !$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg) |
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1736 | !$OMP DO |
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1737 | DO ring = 1, nrings(inot) |
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1738 | |
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1739 | thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp |
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1740 | torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp |
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1741 | torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp |
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1742 | ! |
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1743 | !-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub: |
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1744 | cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot) |
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1745 | |
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1746 | ! |
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1747 | !-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine: |
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1748 | DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot) |
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1749 | ! |
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1750 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
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1751 | !-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --! |
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1752 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
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1753 | ! |
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1754 | !-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of |
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1755 | !-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned |
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1756 | !-- with y-axis): |
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1757 | phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot) |
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1758 | cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor ) |
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1759 | sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor ) |
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1760 | |
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1761 | !-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to |
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1762 | !-- the yaw and tilt angle: |
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1763 | re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw |
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1764 | re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw |
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1765 | re(3) = sin_rot |
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1766 | |
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1767 | rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re ) |
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1768 | ! |
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1769 | !-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points): |
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1770 | rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1) |
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1771 | rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2) |
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1772 | rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3) |
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1773 | |
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1774 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
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1775 | !-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --! |
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1776 | !-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --! |
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1777 | !-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --! |
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1778 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
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1779 | |
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1780 | u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1781 | u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1782 | |
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1783 | v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1784 | v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1785 | |
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1786 | w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1787 | w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1788 | |
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1789 | ! |
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1790 | !-- Interpolation of the u-component: |
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1791 | |
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1792 | ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx |
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1793 | jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy |
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1794 | kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) |
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1795 | ! |
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1796 | !-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on |
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1797 | !-- the current PE: |
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1798 | IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN |
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1799 | IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN |
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1800 | |
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1801 | aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * & |
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1802 | ( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) ) |
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1803 | bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * & |
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1804 | ( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) ) |
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1805 | cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * & |
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1806 | ( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) |
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1807 | dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * & |
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1808 | ( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) |
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1809 | gg = dx * dy |
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1810 | |
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1811 | u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + & |
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1812 | bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + & |
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1813 | cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + & |
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1814 | dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) & |
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1815 | ) / gg |
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1816 | |
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1817 | u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + & |
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1818 | bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + & |
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1819 | cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + & |
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1820 | dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) & |
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1821 | ) / gg |
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1822 | |
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1823 | u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + & |
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1824 | ( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * & |
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1825 | ( u_int_u - u_int_l ) |
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1826 | |
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1827 | ELSE |
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1828 | u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1829 | ENDIF |
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1830 | ELSE |
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1831 | u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1832 | ENDIF |
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1833 | |
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1834 | |
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1835 | ! |
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1836 | !-- Interpolation of the v-component: |
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1837 | ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx |
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1838 | jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy |
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1839 | kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) |
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1840 | ! |
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1841 | !-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on |
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1842 | !-- the current PE: |
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1843 | IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN |
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1844 | IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN |
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1845 | |
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1846 | aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * & |
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1847 | ( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) ) |
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1848 | bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * & |
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1849 | ( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) ) |
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1850 | cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * & |
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1851 | ( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy ) |
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1852 | dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * & |
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1853 | ( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy ) |
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1854 | gg = dx * dy |
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1855 | |
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1856 | v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + & |
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1857 | bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + & |
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1858 | cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + & |
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1859 | dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) & |
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1860 | ) / gg |
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1861 | |
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1862 | v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + & |
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1863 | bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + & |
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1864 | cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + & |
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1865 | dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) & |
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1866 | ) / gg |
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1867 | |
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1868 | v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + & |
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1869 | ( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * & |
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1870 | ( v_int_u - v_int_l ) |
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1871 | |
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1872 | ELSE |
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1873 | v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1874 | ENDIF |
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1875 | ELSE |
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1876 | v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1877 | ENDIF |
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1878 | |
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1879 | |
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1880 | ! |
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1881 | !-- Interpolation of the w-component: |
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1882 | ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx |
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1883 | jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy |
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1884 | kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1) |
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1885 | ! |
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1886 | !-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on |
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1887 | !-- the current PE: |
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1888 | IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN |
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1889 | IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN |
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1890 | |
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1891 | aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * & |
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1892 | ( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) ) |
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1893 | bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * & |
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1894 | ( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) ) |
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1895 | cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * & |
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1896 | ( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) |
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1897 | dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * & |
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1898 | ( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) |
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1899 | gg = dx * dy |
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1900 | |
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1901 | w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + & |
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1902 | bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + & |
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1903 | cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + & |
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1904 | dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) & |
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1905 | ) / gg |
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1906 | |
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1907 | w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + & |
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1908 | bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + & |
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1909 | cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + & |
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1910 | dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) & |
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1911 | ) / gg |
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1912 | |
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1913 | w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + & |
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1914 | ( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * & |
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1915 | ( w_int_u - w_int_l ) |
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1916 | ELSE |
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1917 | w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1918 | ENDIF |
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1919 | ELSE |
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1920 | w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp |
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1921 | ENDIF |
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1922 | |
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1923 | ENDDO |
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1924 | ENDDO |
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1925 | !$OMP END PARALLEL |
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1926 | |
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1927 | ENDDO |
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1928 | |
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1929 | ! |
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1930 | !-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE): |
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1931 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
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1932 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * & |
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1933 | MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
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1934 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * & |
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1935 | MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
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1936 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * & |
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1937 | MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
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1938 | #else |
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1939 | u_int = u_int_1_l |
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1940 | v_int = v_int_1_l |
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1941 | w_int = w_int_1_l |
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1942 | #endif |
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1943 | |
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1944 | |
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1945 | ! |
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1946 | !-- Loop over number of turbines: |
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1947 | |
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1948 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
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1949 | pit_loop: DO |
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1950 | |
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1951 | IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN |
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1952 | torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp |
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1953 | thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp |
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1954 | pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp |
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1955 | ! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot) |
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1956 | ELSE |
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1957 | cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot)) |
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1958 | sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot)) |
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1959 | IF ( pitch_control ) THEN |
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1960 | pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * & |
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1961 | dt_3d , 0.0_wp ) |
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1962 | ENDIF |
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1963 | ENDIF |
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1964 | |
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1965 | ! |
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1966 | !-- Loop over rings of each turbine: |
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1967 | !$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, & |
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1968 | !$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, & |
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1969 | !$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, & |
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1970 | !$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, & |
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1971 | !$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z) |
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1972 | !$OMP DO |
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1973 | DO ring = 1, nrings(inot) |
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1974 | ! |
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1975 | !-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub: |
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1976 | cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot) |
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1977 | ! |
---|
1978 | !-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine: |
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1979 | DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot) |
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1980 | ! |
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1981 | !-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of |
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1982 | !-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned |
---|
1983 | !-- with y-axis): |
---|
1984 | phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot) |
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1985 | cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor) |
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1986 | sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor) |
---|
1987 | ! |
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1988 | !-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to |
---|
1989 | !-- the yaw and tilt angle: |
---|
1990 | re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw |
---|
1991 | re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw |
---|
1992 | re(3) = sin_rot |
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1993 | |
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1994 | ! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction: |
---|
1995 | rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw |
---|
1996 | rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw |
---|
1997 | rea(3) = cos_rot |
---|
1998 | |
---|
1999 | ! |
---|
2000 | !-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of |
---|
2001 | !-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the |
---|
2002 | !-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined: |
---|
2003 | ren(1) = cos_yaw |
---|
2004 | ren(2) = - sin_yaw |
---|
2005 | ren(3) = 0.0_wp |
---|
2006 | ! |
---|
2007 | !-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix |
---|
2008 | !-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor |
---|
2009 | !-- tilt: |
---|
2010 | rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re ) |
---|
2011 | rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea ) |
---|
2012 | rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren ) |
---|
2013 | ! |
---|
2014 | !-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points): |
---|
2015 | rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1) |
---|
2016 | |
---|
2017 | rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2) |
---|
2018 | |
---|
2019 | rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3) |
---|
2020 | |
---|
2021 | ! |
---|
2022 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2023 | !-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --! |
---|
2024 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2025 | ! |
---|
2026 | !-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its |
---|
2027 | !-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area |
---|
2028 | !-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor- |
---|
2029 | !-- coordinates y' and z. |
---|
2030 | !-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied |
---|
2031 | !-- on the hydrodynamic equations |
---|
2032 | ! |
---|
2033 | !-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area |
---|
2034 | ! |
---|
2035 | !-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area: |
---|
2036 | u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + & |
---|
2037 | v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + & |
---|
2038 | w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3) |
---|
2039 | ! |
---|
2040 | !-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal |
---|
2041 | !-- direction: |
---|
2042 | vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + & |
---|
2043 | rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + & |
---|
2044 | rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg) |
---|
2045 | ! |
---|
2046 | !-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane |
---|
2047 | !-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor: |
---|
2048 | |
---|
2049 | phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / & |
---|
2050 | ( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - & |
---|
2051 | vtheta(rseg) ) ) |
---|
2052 | |
---|
2053 | ! |
---|
2054 | !-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values |
---|
2055 | !-- to the current radial position: |
---|
2056 | |
---|
2057 | lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd)) |
---|
2058 | rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct) |
---|
2059 | |
---|
2060 | IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN |
---|
2061 | alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp |
---|
2062 | ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN |
---|
2063 | alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + & |
---|
2064 | ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp |
---|
2065 | ELSE |
---|
2066 | alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * & |
---|
2067 | ( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / & |
---|
2068 | ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) & |
---|
2069 | ) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * & |
---|
2070 | ( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / & |
---|
2071 | ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) |
---|
2072 | ENDIF |
---|
2073 | |
---|
2074 | ! |
---|
2075 | !-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all |
---|
2076 | !-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in |
---|
2077 | !-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here: |
---|
2078 | alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * & |
---|
2079 | ( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp ) |
---|
2080 | ! |
---|
2081 | !-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local |
---|
2082 | !-- angle of attack: |
---|
2083 | alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg) |
---|
2084 | ! |
---|
2085 | !-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian |
---|
2086 | !-- to angles given in degree: |
---|
2087 | alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * & |
---|
2088 | ( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) ) |
---|
2089 | ! |
---|
2090 | !-- Correct with collective pitch angle: |
---|
2091 | alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot) |
---|
2092 | |
---|
2093 | ! |
---|
2094 | !-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative |
---|
2095 | !-- to the rotor: |
---|
2096 | vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + & |
---|
2097 | ( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - & |
---|
2098 | vtheta(rseg) )**2 ) |
---|
2099 | |
---|
2100 | ! |
---|
2101 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2102 | !-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --! |
---|
2103 | !-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --! |
---|
2104 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2105 | |
---|
2106 | ! |
---|
2107 | !-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to |
---|
2108 | !-- the current radial position: |
---|
2109 | |
---|
2110 | IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN |
---|
2111 | chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp |
---|
2112 | ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN |
---|
2113 | chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp |
---|
2114 | ELSE |
---|
2115 | chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * & |
---|
2116 | ( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / & |
---|
2117 | ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + & |
---|
2118 | ( crd(lct(1)+1) * & |
---|
2119 | ( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / & |
---|
2120 | ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) |
---|
2121 | ENDIF |
---|
2122 | |
---|
2123 | ! |
---|
2124 | !-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for |
---|
2125 | !-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and |
---|
2126 | !-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601, |
---|
2127 | !-- so one index every 0.1 degrees): |
---|
2128 | iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) & |
---|
2129 | * ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp |
---|
2130 | ! |
---|
2131 | !-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for |
---|
2132 | !-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and |
---|
2133 | !-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m): |
---|
2134 | iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp ) |
---|
2135 | ! |
---|
2136 | !-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients |
---|
2137 | !-- for the current radial position and angle of attack: |
---|
2138 | turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) |
---|
2139 | turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) |
---|
2140 | |
---|
2141 | ! |
---|
2142 | !-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to |
---|
2143 | !-- angles given in radian: |
---|
2144 | alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * & |
---|
2145 | ( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp ) |
---|
2146 | |
---|
2147 | IF ( tl_cor ) THEN |
---|
2148 | |
---|
2149 | !-- Tip loss correction following Schito |
---|
2150 | !-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force |
---|
2151 | !-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift |
---|
2152 | !-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case |
---|
2153 | !-- |
---|
2154 | tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * & |
---|
2155 | ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / & |
---|
2156 | ( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) ) |
---|
2157 | |
---|
2158 | turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg) |
---|
2159 | |
---|
2160 | ENDIF |
---|
2161 | ! |
---|
2162 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2163 | !-- !-- Calculation of the forces --! |
---|
2164 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2165 | |
---|
2166 | ! |
---|
2167 | !-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces: |
---|
2168 | |
---|
2169 | pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)**2) * 3.0_wp * & |
---|
2170 | chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot) |
---|
2171 | |
---|
2172 | ! |
---|
2173 | !-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force) |
---|
2174 | !-- for each ring segment: |
---|
2175 | thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * & |
---|
2176 | ( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + & |
---|
2177 | turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) ) |
---|
2178 | |
---|
2179 | ! |
---|
2180 | !-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting |
---|
2181 | !-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis |
---|
2182 | !-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the |
---|
2183 | !-- radius vector and the force vector): |
---|
2184 | torque_seg = pre_factor * & |
---|
2185 | ( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - & |
---|
2186 | turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) ) |
---|
2187 | ! |
---|
2188 | !-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts: |
---|
2189 | !-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the |
---|
2190 | !-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system: |
---|
2191 | |
---|
2192 | torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot |
---|
2193 | torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot |
---|
2194 | |
---|
2195 | ! |
---|
2196 | !-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor |
---|
2197 | !$OMP CRITICAL |
---|
2198 | thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + & |
---|
2199 | thrust_seg(rseg) |
---|
2200 | |
---|
2201 | |
---|
2202 | torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r) |
---|
2203 | !$OMP END CRITICAL |
---|
2204 | |
---|
2205 | ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments |
---|
2206 | |
---|
2207 | ! |
---|
2208 | !-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of |
---|
2209 | !-- each ring: |
---|
2210 | thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:) |
---|
2211 | torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:) |
---|
2212 | torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:) |
---|
2213 | |
---|
2214 | |
---|
2215 | ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings |
---|
2216 | !$OMP END PARALLEL |
---|
2217 | |
---|
2218 | |
---|
2219 | CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' ) |
---|
2220 | |
---|
2221 | |
---|
2222 | IF ( speed_control ) THEN |
---|
2223 | ! |
---|
2224 | !-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control |
---|
2225 | |
---|
2226 | ! |
---|
2227 | !-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from |
---|
2228 | !-- the force balance of the accelerating torque |
---|
2229 | !-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator |
---|
2230 | om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - & |
---|
2231 | gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / & |
---|
2232 | ( inertia_rot + & |
---|
2233 | gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d |
---|
2234 | |
---|
2235 | ! |
---|
2236 | !-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio |
---|
2237 | !-- and rotor speed |
---|
2238 | omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate ) |
---|
2239 | |
---|
2240 | ENDIF |
---|
2241 | |
---|
2242 | IF ( pitch_control ) THEN |
---|
2243 | |
---|
2244 | ! |
---|
2245 | !-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not |
---|
2246 | !-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the |
---|
2247 | !-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch |
---|
2248 | !-- gain |
---|
2249 | IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. & |
---|
2250 | ( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. & |
---|
2251 | ( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + & |
---|
2252 | pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN |
---|
2253 | pitch_sw = .TRUE. |
---|
2254 | ! |
---|
2255 | !-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop |
---|
2256 | CYCLE pit_loop |
---|
2257 | ENDIF |
---|
2258 | |
---|
2259 | ! |
---|
2260 | !-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step |
---|
2261 | pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot) |
---|
2262 | pitch_sw = .FALSE. |
---|
2263 | ENDIF |
---|
2264 | EXIT pit_loop |
---|
2265 | ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop |
---|
2266 | |
---|
2267 | |
---|
2268 | ! |
---|
2269 | !-- Call the rotor speed controller |
---|
2270 | |
---|
2271 | IF ( speed_control ) THEN |
---|
2272 | ! |
---|
2273 | !-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub |
---|
2274 | IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) & |
---|
2275 | THEN |
---|
2276 | IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )& |
---|
2277 | THEN |
---|
2278 | CALL wtm_speed_control( inot ) |
---|
2279 | ENDIF |
---|
2280 | ENDIF |
---|
2281 | |
---|
2282 | ENDIF |
---|
2283 | |
---|
2284 | |
---|
2285 | CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' ) |
---|
2286 | |
---|
2287 | CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' ) |
---|
2288 | |
---|
2289 | |
---|
2290 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2291 | !-- !-- Regularization kernel --! |
---|
2292 | !-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --! |
---|
2293 | !-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2294 | ! |
---|
2295 | !-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on |
---|
2296 | !-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour |
---|
2297 | ! |
---|
2298 | !-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor |
---|
2299 | !-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance |
---|
2300 | !-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under |
---|
2301 | !-- consideration |
---|
2302 | ! |
---|
2303 | !-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part |
---|
2304 | !-- of the model domain: |
---|
2305 | ! |
---|
2306 | !-- |
---|
2307 | !-- Calculation of the boundaries: |
---|
2308 | i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + & |
---|
2309 | eps_min ) / dx ) |
---|
2310 | j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + & |
---|
2311 | eps_min ) / dy ) |
---|
2312 | |
---|
2313 | !$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d) |
---|
2314 | !$OMP DO |
---|
2315 | DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), & |
---|
2316 | MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) ) |
---|
2317 | DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), & |
---|
2318 | MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) ) |
---|
2319 | ! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), & |
---|
2320 | ! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot) |
---|
2321 | DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot) |
---|
2322 | DO ring = 1, nrings(inot) |
---|
2323 | DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot) |
---|
2324 | ! |
---|
2325 | !-- Predetermine flag to mask topography |
---|
2326 | flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) ) |
---|
2327 | |
---|
2328 | ! |
---|
2329 | !-- Determine the square of the distance between the |
---|
2330 | !-- current grid point and each rotor area segment: |
---|
2331 | dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + & |
---|
2332 | ( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + & |
---|
2333 | ( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2 |
---|
2334 | dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + & |
---|
2335 | ( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + & |
---|
2336 | ( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2 |
---|
2337 | dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + & |
---|
2338 | ( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + & |
---|
2339 | ( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2 |
---|
2340 | |
---|
2341 | ! |
---|
2342 | !-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function |
---|
2343 | !-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using |
---|
2344 | !-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init. |
---|
2345 | !-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for |
---|
2346 | !-- squared distances <= eps_min2: |
---|
2347 | IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN |
---|
2348 | thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2349 | thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * & |
---|
2350 | ( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * & |
---|
2351 | dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *& |
---|
2352 | flag |
---|
2353 | ENDIF |
---|
2354 | IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN |
---|
2355 | torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2356 | torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * & |
---|
2357 | ( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * & |
---|
2358 | dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * & |
---|
2359 | flag |
---|
2360 | ENDIF |
---|
2361 | IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN |
---|
2362 | torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + & |
---|
2363 | torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * & |
---|
2364 | ( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * & |
---|
2365 | dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * & |
---|
2366 | flag |
---|
2367 | ENDIF |
---|
2368 | |
---|
2369 | ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg |
---|
2370 | ENDDO ! End of loop over ring |
---|
2371 | |
---|
2372 | ! |
---|
2373 | !-- Rotation of force components: |
---|
2374 | rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( & |
---|
2375 | thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + & |
---|
2376 | torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + & |
---|
2377 | torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) & |
---|
2378 | ) * flag |
---|
2379 | |
---|
2380 | rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( & |
---|
2381 | thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + & |
---|
2382 | torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + & |
---|
2383 | torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) & |
---|
2384 | ) * flag |
---|
2385 | |
---|
2386 | rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( & |
---|
2387 | thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + & |
---|
2388 | torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + & |
---|
2389 | torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) & |
---|
2390 | ) * flag |
---|
2391 | |
---|
2392 | ENDDO ! End of loop over k |
---|
2393 | ENDDO ! End of loop over j |
---|
2394 | ENDDO ! End of loop over i |
---|
2395 | !$OMP END PARALLEL |
---|
2396 | |
---|
2397 | CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' ) |
---|
2398 | |
---|
2399 | ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines |
---|
2400 | |
---|
2401 | |
---|
2402 | IF ( yaw_control ) THEN |
---|
2403 | ! |
---|
2404 | !-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call |
---|
2405 | !-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set |
---|
2406 | IF ( start_up ) THEN |
---|
2407 | WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array |
---|
2408 | ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) ) |
---|
2409 | wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value |
---|
2410 | ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) ) |
---|
2411 | |
---|
2412 | WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array |
---|
2413 | ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) ) |
---|
2414 | wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value |
---|
2415 | ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) ) |
---|
2416 | start_up = .FALSE. |
---|
2417 | ENDIF |
---|
2418 | |
---|
2419 | ! |
---|
2420 | !-- Calculate the inflow wind speed |
---|
2421 | !-- |
---|
2422 | !-- Loop over number of turbines: |
---|
2423 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
2424 | ! |
---|
2425 | !-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub |
---|
2426 | IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) & |
---|
2427 | THEN |
---|
2428 | IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )& |
---|
2429 | THEN |
---|
2430 | |
---|
2431 | u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) |
---|
2432 | |
---|
2433 | wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( & |
---|
2434 | 0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + & |
---|
2435 | v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , & |
---|
2436 | 0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + & |
---|
2437 | u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) ) |
---|
2438 | |
---|
2439 | CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot ) |
---|
2440 | |
---|
2441 | phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) |
---|
2442 | |
---|
2443 | ENDIF |
---|
2444 | ENDIF |
---|
2445 | |
---|
2446 | ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines |
---|
2447 | |
---|
2448 | ! |
---|
2449 | !-- Transfer of information to the other cpus |
---|
2450 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
---|
2451 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, & |
---|
2452 | MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2453 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, & |
---|
2454 | comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2455 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, & |
---|
2456 | MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2457 | #else |
---|
2458 | u_inflow = u_inflow_l |
---|
2459 | wdir = wdir_l |
---|
2460 | phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l |
---|
2461 | |
---|
2462 | |
---|
2463 | #endif |
---|
2464 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
2465 | ! |
---|
2466 | !-- Update rotor orientation |
---|
2467 | CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot ) |
---|
2468 | |
---|
2469 | ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines |
---|
2470 | |
---|
2471 | ENDIF ! end of yaw control |
---|
2472 | |
---|
2473 | IF ( speed_control ) THEN |
---|
2474 | ! |
---|
2475 | !-- Transfer of information to the other cpus |
---|
2476 | ! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, & |
---|
2477 | ! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2478 | #if defined( __parallel ) |
---|
2479 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, & |
---|
2480 | MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2481 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, & |
---|
2482 | MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2483 | CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, & |
---|
2484 | MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr ) |
---|
2485 | #else |
---|
2486 | torque_gen_old = torque_gen |
---|
2487 | omega_rot = omega_rot_l |
---|
2488 | omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f |
---|
2489 | #endif |
---|
2490 | |
---|
2491 | ENDIF |
---|
2492 | |
---|
2493 | DO inot = 1, nturbines |
---|
2494 | |
---|
2495 | IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN |
---|
2496 | IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN |
---|
2497 | WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), & |
---|
2498 | omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), & |
---|
2499 | torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), & |
---|
2500 | torque_gen_old(inot)*omega_gen(inot)*gen_eff, & |
---|
2501 | torque_total(inot)*omega_rot(inot)*air_dens, & |
---|
2502 | thrust_rotor(inot), & |
---|
2503 | wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, & |
---|
2504 | (phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi |
---|
2505 | |
---|
2506 | ELSE |
---|
2507 | |
---|
2508 | WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot |
---|
2509 | OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // & |
---|
2510 | TRIM( coupling_char ) // & |
---|
2511 | turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' ) |
---|
2512 | WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot |
---|
2513 | WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), & |
---|
2514 | omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), & |
---|
2515 | torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), & |
---|
2516 | torque_gen_old(inot)*omega_gen(inot)*gen_eff, & |
---|
2517 | torque_total(inot)*omega_rot(inot)*air_dens, & |
---|
2518 | thrust_rotor(inot), & |
---|
2519 | wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, & |
---|
2520 | (phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi |
---|
2521 | ENDIF |
---|
2522 | ENDIF |
---|
2523 | |
---|
2524 | !-- Set open flag |
---|
2525 | openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE. |
---|
2526 | ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines |
---|
2527 | |
---|
2528 | ENDIF |
---|
2529 | |
---|
2530 | CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' ) |
---|
2531 | |
---|
2532 | ! |
---|
2533 | !-- Formats |
---|
2534 | 105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ & |
---|
2535 | &'----------------------------------------'/ & |
---|
2536 | &' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', & |
---|
2537 | 'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', & |
---|
2538 | 'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient') |
---|
2539 | |
---|
2540 | 106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, & |
---|
2541 | F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2) |
---|
2542 | |
---|
2543 | |
---|
2544 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces |
---|
2545 | |
---|
2546 | |
---|
2547 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2548 | ! Description: |
---|
2549 | ! ------------ |
---|
2550 | !> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model |
---|
2551 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2552 | SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot ) |
---|
2553 | |
---|
2554 | USE kinds |
---|
2555 | |
---|
2556 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
2557 | |
---|
2558 | INTEGER(iwp) :: inot |
---|
2559 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30 |
---|
2560 | REAL(wp) :: missal |
---|
2561 | |
---|
2562 | i_wd_30 = 0_iwp |
---|
2563 | |
---|
2564 | ! |
---|
2565 | !-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction. |
---|
2566 | !-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds |
---|
2567 | !-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running |
---|
2568 | !-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees. |
---|
2569 | !-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly |
---|
2570 | !-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to |
---|
2571 | !-- 30s/2s anymore. |
---|
2572 | !-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations ! |
---|
2573 | !-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause |
---|
2574 | !-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for |
---|
2575 | !-- averaging needs to be improved! |
---|
2576 | ! |
---|
2577 | !-- Check if turbine is not yawing |
---|
2578 | IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN |
---|
2579 | ! |
---|
2580 | !-- Write current wind direction into array |
---|
2581 | wd30_l = wd30(inot,:) |
---|
2582 | wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 ) |
---|
2583 | wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot) |
---|
2584 | ! |
---|
2585 | !-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies ) |
---|
2586 | IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN |
---|
2587 | |
---|
2588 | missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot) |
---|
2589 | ! |
---|
2590 | !-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss |
---|
2591 | IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN |
---|
2592 | ! |
---|
2593 | !-- Check in which direction to yaw |
---|
2594 | yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) |
---|
2595 | ! |
---|
2596 | !-- Start yawing of turbine |
---|
2597 | phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d |
---|
2598 | doyaw(inot) = .TRUE. |
---|
2599 | wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again |
---|
2600 | ENDIF |
---|
2601 | ENDIF |
---|
2602 | |
---|
2603 | wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l |
---|
2604 | |
---|
2605 | ! |
---|
2606 | !-- If turbine is already yawing: |
---|
2607 | !-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller |
---|
2608 | !-- than min_miss |
---|
2609 | |
---|
2610 | ELSE |
---|
2611 | ! |
---|
2612 | !-- Initialize 2 s running mean |
---|
2613 | wd2_l = wd2(inot,:) |
---|
2614 | wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 ) |
---|
2615 | wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot) |
---|
2616 | ! |
---|
2617 | !-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies ) |
---|
2618 | IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN |
---|
2619 | ! |
---|
2620 | !-- Calculate missalignment of turbine |
---|
2621 | missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l ) |
---|
2622 | ! |
---|
2623 | !-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the |
---|
2624 | !-- yaw direction is still right |
---|
2625 | IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. & |
---|
2626 | ( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN |
---|
2627 | ! |
---|
2628 | !-- Continue yawing |
---|
2629 | phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d |
---|
2630 | ELSE |
---|
2631 | ! |
---|
2632 | !-- Stop yawing |
---|
2633 | doyaw(inot) = .FALSE. |
---|
2634 | wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again |
---|
2635 | ENDIF |
---|
2636 | ELSE |
---|
2637 | ! |
---|
2638 | !-- Continue yawing |
---|
2639 | phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d |
---|
2640 | ENDIF |
---|
2641 | |
---|
2642 | wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l |
---|
2643 | |
---|
2644 | ENDIF |
---|
2645 | |
---|
2646 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol |
---|
2647 | |
---|
2648 | |
---|
2649 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2650 | ! Description: |
---|
2651 | ! ------------ |
---|
2652 | !> Initialization of the speed control |
---|
2653 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2654 | SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control |
---|
2655 | |
---|
2656 | |
---|
2657 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
2658 | |
---|
2659 | ! |
---|
2660 | !-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for |
---|
2661 | !-- the control algorithm are calculated |
---|
2662 | ! |
---|
2663 | !-- Calculate slope constant for region 15 |
---|
2664 | slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 ) |
---|
2665 | ! |
---|
2666 | !-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region |
---|
2667 | vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp |
---|
2668 | ! |
---|
2669 | !-- Calculate slope of slipage region |
---|
2670 | slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / & |
---|
2671 | ( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp ) |
---|
2672 | ! |
---|
2673 | !-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region |
---|
2674 | min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * & |
---|
2675 | slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / & |
---|
2676 | ( 2.0_wp * slope2 ) |
---|
2677 | ! |
---|
2678 | !-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter |
---|
2679 | Fcorner = 0.25_wp |
---|
2680 | ! |
---|
2681 | !-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent |
---|
2682 | !-- an overspeeding of the rotor |
---|
2683 | IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN |
---|
2684 | torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen |
---|
2685 | ENDIF |
---|
2686 | |
---|
2687 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control |
---|
2688 | |
---|
2689 | |
---|
2690 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2691 | ! Description: |
---|
2692 | ! ------------ |
---|
2693 | !> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed |
---|
2694 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2695 | SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot ) |
---|
2696 | |
---|
2697 | |
---|
2698 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
2699 | |
---|
2700 | INTEGER(iwp) :: inot |
---|
2701 | |
---|
2702 | |
---|
2703 | |
---|
2704 | ! |
---|
2705 | !-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman |
---|
2706 | !-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for |
---|
2707 | !-- offshore system developement" |
---|
2708 | |
---|
2709 | ! |
---|
2710 | !-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter |
---|
2711 | !-- for the control of the generator torque |
---|
2712 | lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner ) |
---|
2713 | omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *& |
---|
2714 | omega_gen_f_old(inot) |
---|
2715 | |
---|
2716 | IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN |
---|
2717 | ! |
---|
2718 | !-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor: |
---|
2719 | torque_gen(inot) = 0 |
---|
2720 | |
---|
2721 | ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN |
---|
2722 | ! |
---|
2723 | !-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed: |
---|
2724 | torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 ) |
---|
2725 | |
---|
2726 | ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN |
---|
2727 | ! |
---|
2728 | !-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator |
---|
2729 | !-- speed to keep the TSR optimal: |
---|
2730 | torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot) |
---|
2731 | |
---|
2732 | ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN |
---|
2733 | ! |
---|
2734 | !-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3: |
---|
2735 | torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp ) |
---|
2736 | |
---|
2737 | ELSE |
---|
2738 | ! |
---|
2739 | !-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to |
---|
2740 | !-- keep the power constant: |
---|
2741 | torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot) |
---|
2742 | |
---|
2743 | ENDIF |
---|
2744 | ! |
---|
2745 | !-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max |
---|
2746 | trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d |
---|
2747 | trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate ) |
---|
2748 | ! |
---|
2749 | !-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque |
---|
2750 | torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d |
---|
2751 | torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen ) |
---|
2752 | ! |
---|
2753 | !-- Overwrite values for next timestep |
---|
2754 | omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio |
---|
2755 | |
---|
2756 | |
---|
2757 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control |
---|
2758 | |
---|
2759 | |
---|
2760 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2761 | ! Description: |
---|
2762 | ! ------------ |
---|
2763 | !> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the |
---|
2764 | !> flow components (tendency terms) |
---|
2765 | !> Call for all grid points |
---|
2766 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2767 | SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location ) |
---|
2768 | |
---|
2769 | |
---|
2770 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !< |
---|
2771 | |
---|
2772 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
2773 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
2774 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
2775 | |
---|
2776 | |
---|
2777 | SELECT CASE ( location ) |
---|
2778 | |
---|
2779 | CASE ( 'before_timestep' ) |
---|
2780 | |
---|
2781 | CALL wtm_forces |
---|
2782 | |
---|
2783 | CASE ( 'u-tendency' ) |
---|
2784 | ! |
---|
2785 | !-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow: |
---|
2786 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
---|
2787 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
2788 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
2789 | DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear) |
---|
2790 | ! |
---|
2791 | !-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower |
---|
2792 | tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2793 | SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2794 | tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2795 | SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2796 | |
---|
2797 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) & |
---|
2798 | - tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) & |
---|
2799 | * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, & |
---|
2800 | BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) ) |
---|
2801 | ENDDO |
---|
2802 | ENDDO |
---|
2803 | ENDDO |
---|
2804 | ENDIF |
---|
2805 | |
---|
2806 | CASE ( 'v-tendency' ) |
---|
2807 | ! |
---|
2808 | !-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow: |
---|
2809 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
---|
2810 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
2811 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
2812 | DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear) |
---|
2813 | tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2814 | SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2815 | tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2816 | SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2817 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) & |
---|
2818 | - tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) & |
---|
2819 | * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, & |
---|
2820 | BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) ) |
---|
2821 | ENDDO |
---|
2822 | ENDDO |
---|
2823 | ENDDO |
---|
2824 | ENDIF |
---|
2825 | |
---|
2826 | CASE ( 'w-tendency' ) |
---|
2827 | ! |
---|
2828 | !-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow: |
---|
2829 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
---|
2830 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
---|
2831 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
---|
2832 | DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear) |
---|
2833 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) & |
---|
2834 | * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, & |
---|
2835 | BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) ) |
---|
2836 | ENDDO |
---|
2837 | ENDDO |
---|
2838 | ENDDO |
---|
2839 | ENDIF |
---|
2840 | |
---|
2841 | |
---|
2842 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
2843 | |
---|
2844 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', TRIM( location ) |
---|
2845 | CALL message( 'wtm_actions', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
2846 | |
---|
2847 | END SELECT |
---|
2848 | |
---|
2849 | |
---|
2850 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions |
---|
2851 | |
---|
2852 | |
---|
2853 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2854 | ! Description: |
---|
2855 | ! ------------ |
---|
2856 | !> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the |
---|
2857 | !> flow components (tendency terms) |
---|
2858 | !> Call for grid point i,j |
---|
2859 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
2860 | SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location ) |
---|
2861 | |
---|
2862 | |
---|
2863 | CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !< |
---|
2864 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index |
---|
2865 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index |
---|
2866 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index |
---|
2867 | |
---|
2868 | SELECT CASE ( location ) |
---|
2869 | |
---|
2870 | CASE ( 'before_timestep' ) |
---|
2871 | |
---|
2872 | CALL wtm_forces |
---|
2873 | |
---|
2874 | CASE ( 'u-tendency' ) |
---|
2875 | ! |
---|
2876 | !-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow: |
---|
2877 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
---|
2878 | DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear) |
---|
2879 | ! |
---|
2880 | !-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower |
---|
2881 | tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2882 | SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2883 | tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2884 | SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2885 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) & |
---|
2886 | - tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) & |
---|
2887 | * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, & |
---|
2888 | BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) ) |
---|
2889 | ENDDO |
---|
2890 | ENDIF |
---|
2891 | |
---|
2892 | CASE ( 'v-tendency' ) |
---|
2893 | ! |
---|
2894 | !-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow: |
---|
2895 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
---|
2896 | DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear) |
---|
2897 | tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2898 | SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2899 | tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * & |
---|
2900 | SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) ) |
---|
2901 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) & |
---|
2902 | - tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) & |
---|
2903 | * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, & |
---|
2904 | BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) ) |
---|
2905 | ENDDO |
---|
2906 | ENDIF |
---|
2907 | |
---|
2908 | CASE ( 'w-tendency' ) |
---|
2909 | ! |
---|
2910 | !-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow: |
---|
2911 | IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN |
---|
2912 | DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear) |
---|
2913 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) & |
---|
2914 | * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, & |
---|
2915 | BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) ) |
---|
2916 | ENDDO |
---|
2917 | ENDIF |
---|
2918 | |
---|
2919 | |
---|
2920 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
2921 | |
---|
2922 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', TRIM( location ) |
---|
2923 | CALL message( 'wtm_actions', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
2924 | |
---|
2925 | END SELECT |
---|
2926 | |
---|
2927 | |
---|
2928 | END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij |
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2929 | |
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2930 | END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod |
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