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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 4099

Last change on this file since 4099 was 4056, checked in by Giersch, 5 years ago
Redundant example files deleted, wtm example added as a test case, bugfix in wtm
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 122.0 KB

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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[3885]	17	! Copyright 2009-2019 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
[3655]	18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[3139]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 4056 2019-06-27 13:53:16Z suehring $
[4056]	28	! CASE DEFAULT action in wtm_actions needs to be CONTINUE. Otherwise an abort
	29	! will happen for location values that are not implemented as CASE statements
	30	! but are already realized in the code (e.g. pt-tendency)
	31	!
	32	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
[3885]	33	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
	34	! of additional debug messages
	35	!
	36	! 3875 2019-04-08 17:35:12Z knoop
[3875]	37	! Addaped wtm_tendency to fit the module actions interface
	38	!
	39	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
[3832]	40	! instrumented with openmp directives
	41	!
	42	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
[3725]	43	! unused variables removed
	44	!
	45	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
[3685]	46	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
	47	!
	48	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
[3593]	49	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
	50	!
	51	! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop
[3274]	52	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
	53	!
	54	! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward
[3248]	55	! Minor formating changes
	56	!
	57	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	58	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	59	!
	60	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	61	! unused variables removed
	62	!
	63	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3174]	64	! Check for vertical stretching has been revised.
	65	!
	66	! 3139 2018-07-17 11:30:10Z Giersch
[3139]	67	! Bugfix in calculation of alpha_attack
	68	!
	69	! 3069 2018-06-15 07:56:09Z witha
[3069]	70	! Initialization of some arrays added
	71	!
	72	! 3066 2018-06-12 08:55:55Z Giersch
[3066]	73	! Error message revised
[3069]	74	!
[3066]	75	! 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch
[3065]	76	! dz was replaced by dz(1), error message concerning grid stretching has been
	77	! introduced
	78	!
	79	! 3049 2018-05-29 13:52:36Z Giersch
[3049]	80	! Error messages revised
	81	!
	82	! 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z Giersch
[2932]	83	! renamed wind_turbine_par to wind_turbine_parameters
	84	!
	85	! 2894 2018-03-15 09:17:58Z Giersch
[2894]	86	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was
	87	! found, reading of restart strings has been moved completely to
	88	! read_restart_data_mod, wind_turbine_prerun flag has been removed, redundant
	89	! skipping function has been removed, wtm_read/write_restart_data have been
	90	! renamed to wtm_r/wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global is called in
	91	! read_restart_data_mod now, marker * end wtm * was removed, strings and
	92	! their respective lengths are written out and read now in case of restart
	93	! runs to get rid of prescribed character lengths, CASE DEFAULT was added if
	94	! restart data is read
	95	!
	96	! 2885 2018-03-14 11:02:46Z Giersch
[2836]	97	! Bugfix in interpolation of lift and drag coefficients on fine grid of radius
	98	! segments and angles of attack, speed-up of the initialization of the wind
	99	! turbine model
	100	!
	101	! 2792 2018-02-07 06:45:29Z Giersch
[2792]	102	! omega_rot_l has to be calculated after determining the indices for the hub in
	103	! case of restart runs
	104	!
	105	! 2776 2018-01-31 10:44:42Z Giersch
[2776]	106	! wind_turbine_prerun flag is used to define if module
	107	! related parameters were outputted as restart data
	108	!
	109	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	110	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	111	!
	112	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	113	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	114	!
	115	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	116	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	117	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	118	!
	119	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2894]	120	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	121	! parameters during reading restart data
	122	!
	123	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	124	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	125	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	126	! defined
	127	!
	128	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	129	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	130	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	131	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	132	!
	133	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	134	! Revise error message PA0462
	135	!
	136	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	137	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	138	!
	139	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	140	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	141	!
[2343]	142	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	143	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	144	!
[2323]	145	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	146	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	147	!
	148	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	149	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	150	!
[2257]	151	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	152	!
[2233]	153	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	154	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	155	!
[2153]	156	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	157	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	158	! Addition of a tip loss model
	159	!
[2016]	160	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	161	! Bugfix of pitch control
	162	!
[2001]	163	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	164	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	165	!
[1930]	166	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	167	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	168	!
[1917]	169	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	170	! Initial revision
	171	!
[1819]	172	!
	173	! Description:
	174	! ------------
	175	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	176	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	177	!> (ADM-R).
	178	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	179	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	180	!> yaw.
	181	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	182	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	183	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	184	!> automatically).
	185	!>
[3065]	186	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	187	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	188	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	189	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	190	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	191	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	192	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	193	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	194	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	195	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	196	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	197	!
	198	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	199	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	200
	201	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	202	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	203
[3274]	204	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2553]	205	ONLY: pi
[1819]	206
	207	USE control_parameters, &
[3885]	208	ONLY: coupling_char, &
	209	debug_output, &
	210	dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
[2894]	211	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	212
	213	USE cpulog, &
	214	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	215
	216	USE grid_variables, &
	217	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	218
	219	USE indices, &
	220	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	221	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	222
	223	USE kinds
	224
	225	USE pegrid
	226
	227
	228	IMPLICIT NONE
	229
[1864]	230	PRIVATE
[1819]	231
	232	!
	233	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	234
[1864]	235	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	236	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	237
[1839]	238	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	239	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	240	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	241	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	242
[1839]	243	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	244	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	245	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	246	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	247	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	248	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	249
[1912]	250	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	251	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	252	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	253	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	254	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	255	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	256	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	257	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	258	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
[3725]	259	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
[1912]	260	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	261
[1819]	262	!
	263	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	264	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	265
[1912]	266	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	267	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	268	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	269	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	270	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	271	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	272	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	273	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	274	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	275	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	276	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	277	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	278	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	279	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	280
[1912]	281
[1819]	282	!
	283	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	284
[1839]	285	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	286	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	287	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	288
[1819]	289	!
	290	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	291	TYPE file_status
	292	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	293	END TYPE file_status
	294
[1912]	295	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	296	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	297
	298	!
	299	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	300
[1839]	301	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	302	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	303	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	304	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	305	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	306
[1839]	307	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	308
[1912]	309	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	310	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	311	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	312	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	313	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	314	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	315	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	316	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	317
[1912]	318	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	319
[1912]	320	!
	321	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	322	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	323	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	324	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	325	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	326	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	327	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
[1819]	328
[1839]	329	!
	330	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	331	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	335
[1912]	336	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	337	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	338
[1912]	339	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	341
[1912]	342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	344
	345	!
	346	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	347
[1839]	348	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	349	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	350	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	351	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	352	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	353	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	354	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	355	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	356	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	357	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	358	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[3832]	359	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
	360	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
[1912]	361	!
	362	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	363	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	364	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	365	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	366	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[3832]	367	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
[1819]	368
[1912]	369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	374	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	378
	379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	381
	382	!
	383	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	390
	391	!
	392	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	396
	397	!
	398	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	400	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	401	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	402
	403	!
	404	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	408
	409	!
	410	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	414	!
	415	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	417
[1839]	418	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	427
[1839]	428	!
	429	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	430
[1912]	431	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	432
[1912]	433	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	434	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	435	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	436	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	437	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	438	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	439	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	440	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	441
[1864]	442	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	443
[1839]	444	!
	445	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	446
[1912]	447	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	448	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	449	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	450	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	451	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	452	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	453	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	454	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	455	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	456	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	457	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	458	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	459	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	460
[2563]	461	!
	462	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	463	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	464	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	465	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	466	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	467	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	468	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	469	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	470
[2563]	471
[1839]	472	SAVE
[1819]	473
[1839]	474
	475	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	476	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	477	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	478
[1912]	479	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	480	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	481	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[3875]	482
[1839]	483	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	484	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	485	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	486
	487	INTERFACE wtm_init
	488	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	489	END INTERFACE wtm_init
[2553]	490
[3875]	491	INTERFACE wtm_actions
	492	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions
	493	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_actions_ij
	494	END INTERFACE wtm_actions
[1819]	495
[3875]	496	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	497	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	498	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1819]	499
[3875]	500	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	501	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	502	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	503
[3875]	504
	505	PUBLIC &
	506	wtm_parin, &
	507	wtm_check_parameters, &
	508	wtm_init_arrays, &
	509	wtm_init, &
	510	wtm_actions, &
	511	wtm_rrd_global, &
	512	wtm_wrd_global
	513
	514
[1819]	515	CONTAINS
	516
	517
	518	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	519	! Description:
	520	! ------------
[1839]	521	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	522	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	523	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	524
	525
	526	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	527
[1839]	528	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	529
	530	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	531	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	532	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	533	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	534	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	535	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	536	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	537	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	538	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	539	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	540	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[2932]	541
	542	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
	543	air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
	544	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	545	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	546	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	547	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	548	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	549	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	550	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	551	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2932]	552	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	553	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[1819]	554	!
[1839]	555	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	556	REWIND ( 11 )
	557	line = ' '
[3248]	558	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	559	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	560	ENDDO
	561	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	562
	563	!
	564	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	565	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10 )
[2932]	566	!
	567	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	568	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	569
[3246]	570	GOTO 14
[2932]	571
[3246]	572	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	573	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	574	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	575
[2932]	576	!
	577	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
[3246]	578	12 REWIND ( 11 )
[2932]	579	line = ' '
[3248]	580	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	581	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
[2932]	582	ENDDO
	583	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	584
	585	!
	586	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	587	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
[2932]	588
	589	message_string = 'namelist wind_tubrine_par is deprecated and will ' // &
[3046]	590	'be removed in near future. &Please use namelist ' // &
[2932]	591	'wind_turbine_parameters instead'
	592	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
	593
[1839]	594	!
	595	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	596	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	597
[3246]	598	GOTO 14
[2563]	599
[3246]	600	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	601	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	602	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_par', line )
[1839]	603
[3246]	604	14 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
	605
	606
[1839]	607	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	608
[2563]	609
	610	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	611	! Description:
	612	! ------------
[2894]	613	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	614	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	615	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	616
	617
[2563]	618	IMPLICIT NONE
[2776]	619
[2563]	620
[2894]	621	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	622	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	623
	624	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	625	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	626
	627	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	628	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	629
	630	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	631	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	632
	633	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	634	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	635
	636	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	637	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	638
	639	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	640	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	641
	642	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	643	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	644
	645	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	646	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	647
	648	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	649	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	650
[2563]	651
[2894]	652	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	653
	654
	655	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	656	! Description:
	657	! ------------
	658	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	659	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	660	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	661
	662
[2894]	663	USE control_parameters, &
	664	ONLY: length, restart_string
	665
	666
[2563]	667	IMPLICIT NONE
	668
[2894]	669	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	670
	671
[2894]	672	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	673
	674
[2894]	675	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	676
[2894]	677	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	678	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	679	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	680	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	681	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	682	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	683	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	684	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	685	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	686	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	687	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	688	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	689	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	690	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	691	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	692	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	693	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	694	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	695	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	696	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	697
[2894]	698	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	699
[2894]	700	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	701
[2894]	702	END SELECT
	703
[2563]	704
[2894]	705	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	706
	707
[2563]	708	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	709	! Description:
	710	! ------------
	711	!> Check namelist parameter
	712	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	713	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	714
	715
	716	IMPLICIT NONE
	717
	718	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	719	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	720	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	721	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	722	ENDIF
	723
[2322]	724	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	725	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2792]	726	'a value equal or larger than zero'
[2322]	727	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	728	ENDIF
	729
	730
	731	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	732	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	733	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	734
	735	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	736	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	737	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	738
	739	ENDIF
	740
	741
	742	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	743
	744
[1839]	745	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	746	! Description:
	747	! ------------
	748	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	749	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	750	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	751
	752
	753	IMPLICIT NONE
	754
[1864]	755	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	756	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	757
[1839]	758	!
	759	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	760	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	761
	762	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	763	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	764
	765	nrings(:) = 0
	766	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	767
	768	!
	769	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	770	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	771	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	772	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	773
	774	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	775	!
	776	!-- Determine number of rings:
	777	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	778
	779	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	780
	781	ENDDO
	782
	783	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	784
	785	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	786	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	787
	788	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	789	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	790
	791
	792	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	793	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	794	!
	795	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	796	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	797	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	798	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	799	ENDDO
	800	!
	801	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	802	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	803
	804	ENDDO
	805
	806	!
	807	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	808	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	809
[1864]	810	!!
	811	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	812	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	813	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	814	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	815	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	816	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	817	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	818	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	819	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	820	! ENDIF
[1819]	821
	822
	823	!
	824	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	825	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	826	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	827	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	828	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	829	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	830	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	831	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	832	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	833
	834	!
	835	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	836	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	837	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	838	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	839	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	840	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	841	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	842
	843	!
	844	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	845	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	846	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	847	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	848	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	849	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	850	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	851	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	852	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	853	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	854	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	855
	856	!
	857	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	858	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	859	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	860	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	861	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	862	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	863	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	864
	865	!
	866	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	867	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	868	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	869	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	870
	871	!
	872	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	873	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	874	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	875	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	876	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	877	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	878	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	879	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	880	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	881
	882	!
	883	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	884	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	885	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	886	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	887	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	888	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	889	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	890
	891	!
	892	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	893	i_hub(:) = 0
	894	i_smear(:) = 0
	895	j_hub(:) = 0
	896	j_smear(:) = 0
	897	k_hub(:) = 0
	898	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	899
[1819]	900	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	901	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	902
[2563]	903	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	904	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	905	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	906	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	907	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	908	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	909	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	910	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	911	ENDIF
	912
[1819]	913	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	914	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	915	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	916	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	917	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	918	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	919
	920	!
	921	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	922	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	923	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	924	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	925	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	926	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	927	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	928	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	929	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	930	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	931	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	932
	933	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	934	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	935	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	936	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	937	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	938	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	939
	940	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	941	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	942	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	943
[1912]	944	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	945	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	946	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	947	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	948	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	949	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	950	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	951	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	952
	953	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	954	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	955	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	956	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	957	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	958	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	959
	960
[1839]	961	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	962
	963
	964	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	965	! Description:
	966	! ------------
[1839]	967	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	968	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	969	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	970
[1839]	971
[3065]	972	USE control_parameters, &
	973	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	974
[1819]	975	IMPLICIT NONE
	976
	977	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	978	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	979	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	980
[1819]	981	!
[1864]	982	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	983	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	984
[1839]	985	!
[1864]	986	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	987	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	988	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
	989
	990	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	991
	992	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	993	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	994	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	995	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	996
[3885]	997	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'start' )
[3685]	998
[1864]	999	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	1000	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	1001	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	1002	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	1003
[1839]	1004	!
[1819]	1005	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1006	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	1007	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	1008	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1009	!
[1839]	1010	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	1011	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	1012
[1839]	1013	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	1014	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	1015	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	1016	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	1017	!
[1839]	1018	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	1019	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	1020	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	1021	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	1022	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	1023	!
[3065]	1024	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	1025	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	1026	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	1027	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	1028	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	1029	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	1030	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	1031	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	1032	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	1033	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	1034	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	1035	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	1036	ENDIF
	1037	!
[1819]	1038	!-- Square of eps_min:
	1039	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	1040	!
	1041	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	1042	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	1043	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	1044	!
[1839]	1045	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	1046	!-- function:
	1047	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	1048
[1864]	1049	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	1050	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	1051
[1819]	1052	!
[1864]	1053	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	1054	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1055	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1056	ENDIF
[1819]	1057
[1864]	1058
[1819]	1059	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1060	!
[1864]	1061	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1062	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1063
	1064	!
	1065	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1066	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1067	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	1068	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	1069
	1070	!
	1071	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1072	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1073	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1074	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1075	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1076	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	1077	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	1078
[1819]	1079	ENDDO
	1080
	1081	!
[2792]	1082	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1083	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1084	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1085
[3875]	1086	CALL wtm_init_speed_control
[2792]	1087
	1088	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1089
	1090	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1091
	1092	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1093	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1094	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1095	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1096	ENDIF
	1097
	1098	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1099	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1100	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1101	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1102	ENDIF
	1103
	1104	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1105	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1106	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1107	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1108	ENDIF
	1109
	1110	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1111	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1112	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1113	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1114	ENDIF
	1115
	1116	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1117	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1118
	1119	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1120
	1121	ENDIF
	1122	ENDIF
	1123
	1124	END DO
	1125
	1126	ENDIF
	1127
	1128	ENDIF
	1129
	1130	!
[1819]	1131	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1132	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1133	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1134	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1135	!
	1136	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1137	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1138
	1139	!
	1140	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1141	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1142	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1143
	1144	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1145
	1146	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1147
[1839]	1148
	1149	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1150	!
[1839]	1151	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1152	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1153	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1154	i = i_hub(inot)
	1155
	1156	!
[1839]	1157	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1158	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1159	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1160	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1161	!
[1839]	1162	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1163	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1164	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1165	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1166	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1167	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1168	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1169
	1170	!
	1171	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1172	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1173	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1174	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1175
	1176	!
	1177	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1178	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1179	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1180
	1181	DO j = nys, nyn
	1182	!
[1839]	1183	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1184	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1185
[1819]	1186	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1187
	1188	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1189	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1190	!
[1819]	1191	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1192	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1193	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1194	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1195	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1196	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1197	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1198	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1199	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1200	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1201	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1202	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1203	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1204	!
	1205	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1206	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1207	ELSE
[1912]	1208	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1209	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1210	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1211	ENDIF
	1212	!
	1213	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1214	ELSE
[3065]	1215	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1216	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1217	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1218	ENDIF
[1839]	1219	!
	1220	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1221	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1222	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1223
[1839]	1224	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1225	!
[1819]	1226	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1227	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1228	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1229	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1230	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1231	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1232	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1233	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1234	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1235	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1236	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1237	!
	1238	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1239	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1240	ELSE
[3065]	1241	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1242	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1243	ENDIF
[1839]	1244	!
[1819]	1245	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1246	ELSE
[3065]	1247	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1248	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1249	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1250
	1251	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1252
	1253	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1254
	1255	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1256
	1257	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1258
	1259	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1260
[1839]	1261
[1912]	1262	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1263
[1839]	1264	!
[1864]	1265	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1266	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1267	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1268	!!
	1269	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1270	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1271	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1272	!
	1273	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1274	!
	1275	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1276	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1277	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1278	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1279	!!
	1280	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1281	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1282	!!
	1283	!!-- top intersection point
	1284	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1285	! ELSE
	1286	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1287	! ENDIF
	1288	! ENDDO
	1289	!
	1290	!
	1291	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1292	!!
	1293	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1294	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1295	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1296	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1297	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1298	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1299	!!
	1300	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1301	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1302	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1303	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1304	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1305	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1306	!!
	1307	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1308	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1309	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1310	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1311	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1312	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1313	! dz_int = dz
	1314	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1315	!!
	1316	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1317	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1318	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1319	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1320	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1321	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1322	! ENDIF
	1323	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1324	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1325	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1326	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1327	! ENDIF
	1328	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1329	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1330	! ENDIF
	1331	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1332	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1333	! ENDIF
	1334	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1335	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1336	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1337	! ENDIF
	1338	! ENDDO
	1339	! ENDIF
	1340	! ENDDO
	1341	! ENDIF
[1819]	1342	!
[1864]	1343	! ENDDO
[1819]	1344	!
[1912]	1345	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1346
[1864]	1347	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1348
[3065]	1349	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1350	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1351
[1912]	1352	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[3685]	1353
[3885]	1354	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'wtm_init', 'end' )
[1839]	1355
[1864]	1356	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1357
	1358
[1819]	1359	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1360	! Description:
	1361	! ------------
	1362	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1363	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1364	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1365	!
	1366	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1367
[1839]	1368
[1864]	1369	IMPLICIT NONE
	1370
	1371	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1372	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1373
[1864]	1374	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1375
	1376	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1377
[1864]	1378	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1379	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1380	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1381	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1382	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1383	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1384	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1385	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1386	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1387	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1388
[1864]	1389	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1390	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1391	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1392
[1864]	1393	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1394	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1395
[1864]	1396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1400	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1401
[1864]	1402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1403	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1407
[1864]	1408	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1409
[1864]	1410	!
	1411	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1412	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1413
[2323]	1414	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1415
	1416	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1417	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1418	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1419	ENDIF
	1420	!
	1421	!-- Read distribution table:
	1422
	1423	dlen = 0
	1424
[2323]	1425	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1426
	1427	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1428	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1429	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1430	dlen = dlen + 1
	1431	ENDDO rloop3
	1432
	1433	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1434
	1435	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1436	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1437	ENDDO
	1438
	1439	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1440	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1441	ENDDO
	1442
	1443	!
	1444	!-- Read layout table:
	1445
[1839]	1446	dlen = 0
[1864]	1447
[2323]	1448	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1449
[1843]	1450	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1451	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1452	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1453	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1454	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1455
[1839]	1456	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1457	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1458	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1459	ENDDO
	1460	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1461	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1462	ENDDO
[1819]	1463
[1864]	1464	!
	1465	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1466
[1864]	1467	dlen = 0
	1468
[2323]	1469	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1470
[1843]	1471	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1472	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1473	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1474	dlen = dlen + 1
	1475	ENDDO rloop2
	1476
[1912]	1477	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1478	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1479
	1480	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1481	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1482	ENDDO
	1483
[1839]	1484	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1485	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1486	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1487	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1488	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1489	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1490	ENDDO
[1864]	1491
[1839]	1492	ENDDO
[1864]	1493
	1494	dlenbl = dlen
	1495
[2323]	1496	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1497
[1864]	1498	!
[2836]	1499	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1500	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1501	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1502	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1503	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1504
[2836]	1505	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1506	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1507	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1508	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1509
[1864]	1510	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1511	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1512
[2836]	1513	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1514	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1515
[2836]	1516	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1517
[2836]	1518	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1519	!
	1520	!-- Find position in table 1
	1521	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1522	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1523
[2836]	1524	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1525	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1526	ENDIF
[1864]	1527
[2836]	1528	trow = lct(1)
	1529	!
	1530	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1531	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1532	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1533	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1534	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1535
[2836]	1536	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1537	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1538	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
	1539	ENDIF
	1540
	1541	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1542	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1543	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1544	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1545	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1546
[3593]	1547	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
[2836]	1548	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1549	! explicitly
	1550	ELSE
	1551	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1552	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1553	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1554	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1555	!
[3593]	1556	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
[2836]	1557	!-- explicitly
	1558	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1559	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1560	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1561	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1562	ENDIF
	1563
	1564	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1565
[1864]	1566	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1567	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1568
[2152]	1569	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1570	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1571	ENDDO
[1819]	1572
[1864]	1573	!
[1912]	1574	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1575	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1576
[1912]	1577	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1578	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1579	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1580	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1581	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1582	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1583	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1584	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1585	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1586	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1587	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1588	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1589	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1590	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1591	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1592	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1593	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1594	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1595	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1596	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1597	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1598	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1599	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1600	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1601
[1912]	1602	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1603
	1604	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1605
[2836]	1606
[1912]	1607	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1608
	1609
[1864]	1610	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1611	! Description:
	1612	! ------------
	1613	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1614	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1615	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1616	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1617
[1864]	1618
	1619	IMPLICIT NONE
	1620
	1621	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1622	!
	1623	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1624	!-- the rotors
	1625	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1626	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1627	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1628
	1629	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1630	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1631	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1632
	1633	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1634	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1635	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1636
[1864]	1637	!
	1638	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1639	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1640
[1912]	1641	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1642	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1643	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1644	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1645	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1646	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1647	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1648	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1649	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1650	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1651	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1652	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1653	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1654	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1655	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1656	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1657	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1658	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1659	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1660	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1661	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1662	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1663	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1664	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1665
[1864]	1666	!
	1667	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1668	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1669	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1670	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1671	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1672
	1673	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1674
	1675
[1819]	1676	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1677	! Description:
	1678	! ------------
[1839]	1679	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1680	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1681	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1682
[1864]	1683
[1819]	1684	IMPLICIT NONE
	1685
[2669]	1686	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1687
[1839]	1688	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1689	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1690	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1691	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1692	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1693	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1694
[2232]	1695	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1696	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1697	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1698
	1699	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1700	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1701
	1702	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1703
	1704
[1839]	1705	!
[1819]	1706	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1707	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1708
[3241]	1709	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1710	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1711
	1712	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1713
	1714
[1864]	1715	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1716
	1717
	1718	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1719
[1864]	1720	!
[1819]	1721	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1722	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1723	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1724	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1725	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1726	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1727	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1728	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1729	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1730	!
	1731	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1732	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1733
	1734	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1735	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1736	!
[1839]	1737	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1738
	1739	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
	1740	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
	1741	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1742	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1743
	1744	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1745	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1746	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1747	!
	1748	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1749	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1750
	1751	!
[1839]	1752	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1753	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1754	!
[1864]	1755	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1756	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1757	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1758	!
[1864]	1759	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1760	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1761	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1762	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1763	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1764	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1765
[1864]	1766	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1767	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1768	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1769	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1770	re(3) = sin_rot
	1771
	1772	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1773	!
	1774	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1775	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1776	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1777	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1778
[1864]	1779	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1780	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1781	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1782	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1783	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1784
	1785	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1786	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1787
	1788	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1789	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1790
	1791	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1792	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1793
	1794	!
	1795	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1796
	1797	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1798	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1799	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1800	!
[1864]	1801	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1802	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1803	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1804	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1805
[1839]	1806	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1807	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1808	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1809	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1810	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1811	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1812	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1813	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1814	gg = dx * dy
	1815
[1864]	1816	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1817	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1818	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1819	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1820	) / gg
	1821
[1864]	1822	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1823	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1824	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1825	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1826	) / gg
	1827
[1864]	1828	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	1829	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1830	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1831
	1832	ELSE
	1833	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1834	ENDIF
	1835	ELSE
	1836	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1837	ENDIF
	1838
	1839
	1840	!
	1841	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1842	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1843	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	1844	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1845	!
[1864]	1846	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1847	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1848	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1849	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1850
[1839]	1851	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1852	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1853	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1854	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1855	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1856	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1857	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1858	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1859	gg = dx * dy
	1860
[1864]	1861	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1862	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1863	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1864	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1865	) / gg
	1866
[1864]	1867	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1868	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1869	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1870	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1871	) / gg
	1872
[1864]	1873	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	1874	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1875	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1876
	1877	ELSE
	1878	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1879	ENDIF
	1880	ELSE
	1881	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1882	ENDIF
	1883
	1884
	1885	!
	1886	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1887	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1888	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1889	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	1890	!
[1864]	1891	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1892	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1893	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1894	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1895
[1839]	1896	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1897	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1898	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1899	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1900	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1901	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1902	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1903	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1904	gg = dx * dy
	1905
[1864]	1906	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1907	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1908	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1909	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1910	) / gg
	1911
[1864]	1912	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1913	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1914	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1915	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1916	) / gg
	1917
[1864]	1918	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	1919	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1920	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1921	ELSE
	1922	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1923	ENDIF
	1924	ELSE
	1925	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1926	ENDIF
	1927
	1928	ENDDO
	1929	ENDDO
[3832]	1930	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	1931
	1932	ENDDO
	1933
	1934	!
	1935	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1936	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1937	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1938	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1939	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1940	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1941	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1942	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1943	#else
	1944	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1945	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1946	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1947	#endif
	1948
	1949
	1950	!
	1951	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1952
[1819]	1953	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1954	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1955
[1912]	1956	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1957	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1958	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1959	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1960	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1961	ELSE
	1962	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1963	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1964	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1965	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1966	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1967	ENDIF
[1819]	1968	ENDIF
	1969
[1839]	1970	!
	1971	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1972	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
	1973	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
	1974	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
	1975	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
	1976	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
	1977	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1978	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1979	!
	1980	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1981	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1982	!
	1983	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1984	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1985	!
[1839]	1986	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1987	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1988	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1989	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1990	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1991	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1992	!
[1839]	1993	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1994	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1995	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1996	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1997	re(3) = sin_rot
	1998
[1864]	1999	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	2000	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	2001	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	2002	rea(3) = cos_rot
	2003
	2004	!
[1864]	2005	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	2006	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	2007	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	2008	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	2009	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	2010	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	2011	!
	2012	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	2013	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	2014	!-- tilt:
[1819]	2015	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	2016	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	2017	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	2018	!
	2019	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2020	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2021
	2022	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2023
	2024	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2025
	2026	!
[1864]	2027	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2028	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2029	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2030	!
[1864]	2031	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2032	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2033	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2034	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2035	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2036	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2037	!
	2038	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2039	!
[1819]	2040	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2041	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2042	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2043	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2044	!
[1864]	2045	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2046	!-- direction:
	2047	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2048	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2049	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2050	!
[1864]	2051	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2052	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2053
[1864]	2054	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	2055	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2056	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2057
	2058	!
[1864]	2059	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2060	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2061
	2062	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2063	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2064
	2065	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2066	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2067	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2068	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2069	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2070	ELSE
[1864]	2071	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2072	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2073	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2074	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2075	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2076	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2077	ENDIF
	2078
	2079	!
[1864]	2080	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2081	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2082	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2083	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2084	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2085	!
[1864]	2086	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2087	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2088	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2089	!
[1864]	2090	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2091	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2092	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2093	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2094	!
[1864]	2095	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2096	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2097
	2098	!
[1864]	2099	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2100	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2101	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2102	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2103	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2104
	2105	!
[1864]	2106	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2107	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2108	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2109	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2110
	2111	!
[1864]	2112	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2113	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2114
	2115	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2116	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2117	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2118	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2119	ELSE
[1864]	2120	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2121	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2122	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2123	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2124	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2125	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2126	ENDIF
	2127
	2128	!
	2129	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2130	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2131	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2132	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2133	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2134	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2135	!
	2136	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2137	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2138	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2139	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2140	!
[1864]	2141	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2142	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2143	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2144	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2145
	2146	!
[1864]	2147	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2148	!-- angles given in radian:
	2149	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2150	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2151
[2152]	2152	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2153
	2154	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2155	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2156	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2157	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2158	!--
	2159	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2160	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2161	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2162
	2163	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2164
[2894]	2165	ENDIF
[1819]	2166	!
	2167	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2168	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2169	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2170
	2171	!
[1864]	2172	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2173
	2174	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2175	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2176
	2177	!
[1864]	2178	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2179	!-- for each ring segment:
	2180	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2181	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2182	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2183
	2184	!
[1864]	2185	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2186	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2187	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2188	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2189	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2190	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2191	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2192	!
	2193	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2194	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2195	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2196
	2197	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2198	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2199
[1912]	2200	!
	2201	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
[3832]	2202	!$OMP CRITICAL
[1912]	2203	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2204	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2205
	2206
[1819]	2207	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
[3832]	2208	!$OMP END CRITICAL
[1819]	2209
[1864]	2210	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2211
	2212	!
[1864]	2213	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2214	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2215	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2216	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2217	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2218
	2219
[1864]	2220	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[3832]	2221	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2222
	2223
[1864]	2224	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2225
[1912]	2226
	2227	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2228	!
	2229	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2230
	2231	!
	2232	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2233	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2234	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2235	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2236	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2237	( inertia_rot + &
	2238	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2239
[1912]	2240	!
	2241	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2242	!-- and rotor speed
	2243	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2244
	2245	ENDIF
	2246
[1864]	2247	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2248
[1912]	2249	!
	2250	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2251	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2252	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2253	!-- gain
	2254	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2255	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2256	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2257	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2258	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2259	!
	2260	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2261	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2262	ENDIF
[1912]	2263
	2264	!
	2265	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2266	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2267	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2268	ENDIF
[1912]	2269	EXIT pit_loop
	2270	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2271
[1864]	2272
[1819]	2273	!
[1864]	2274	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2275
[1819]	2276	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2277	!
[1864]	2278	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2279	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2280	THEN
	2281	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2282	THEN
[1864]	2283	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2284	ENDIF
[1912]	2285	ENDIF
[1864]	2286
[1819]	2287	ENDIF
	2288
	2289
[1864]	2290	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2291
[1864]	2292	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2293
	2294
[1864]	2295	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2296	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2297	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2298	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2299	!
[1864]	2300	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2301	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2302	!
	2303	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2304	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2305	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2306	!-- consideration
[1819]	2307	!
[1864]	2308	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2309	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2310	!
	2311	!--
	2312	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2313	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2314	eps_min ) / dx )
	2315	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2316	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2317
[3832]	2318	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
	2319	!$OMP DO
[1864]	2320	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2321	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2322	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2323	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2324	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2325	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2326	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2327	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2328	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2329	!
[2232]	2330	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2331	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2332
	2333	!
[1819]	2334	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2335	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2336	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2337	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2338	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2339	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2340	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2341	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2342	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2343	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2344	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2345
	2346	!
	2347	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2348	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2349	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2350	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2351	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2352	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2353	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2354	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2355	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2356	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2357	flag
[1819]	2358	ENDIF
	2359	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2360	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2361	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2362	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2363	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2364	flag
[1819]	2365	ENDIF
	2366	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2367	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2368	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2369	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2370	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2371	flag
[1819]	2372	ENDIF
	2373
	2374	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2375	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2376
	2377	!
	2378	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2379	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2380	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2381	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2382	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2383	) * flag
[1819]	2384
[2232]	2385	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2386	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2387	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2388	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2389	) * flag
[1819]	2390
[2232]	2391	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2392	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2393	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2394	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2395	) * flag
[1819]	2396
	2397	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2398	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2399	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
[3832]	2400	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2401
[1864]	2402	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2403
[1912]	2404	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2405
	2406
	2407	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2408	!
	2409	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2410	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2411	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2412	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2413	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2414	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2415	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2416
[1864]	2417	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2418	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2419	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2420	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2421	start_up = .FALSE.
	2422	ENDIF
	2423
	2424	!
	2425	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2426	!--
	2427	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2428	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2429	!
	2430	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2431	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2432	THEN
	2433	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2434	THEN
[1864]	2435
[1819]	2436	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2437
[1912]	2438	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2439	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2440	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2441	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2442	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2443
	2444	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2445
[1819]	2446	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2447
[1819]	2448	ENDIF
	2449	ENDIF
	2450
[1864]	2451	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2452
	2453	!
[1929]	2454	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2455	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2456	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2457	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2458	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2459	comm2d, ierr )
	2460	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2461	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2462	#else
	2463	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2464	wdir = wdir_l
	2465	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2466
	2467
[1929]	2468	#endif
[1819]	2469	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2470	!
	2471	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2472	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2473
	2474	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2475
[2894]	2476	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2477
	2478	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2479	!
	2480	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2481	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2482	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2483	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2484	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2485	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2486	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2487	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2488	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2489	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2490	#else
	2491	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2492	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2493	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2494	#endif
[1864]	2495
	2496	ENDIF
[1819]	2497
	2498	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2499
	2500	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2501	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2502	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2503	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2504	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2505	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2506	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2507	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2508	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2509	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2510
[1819]	2511	ELSE
	2512
[2669]	2513	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2514	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2515	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2516	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2517	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2518	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2519	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2520	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2521	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2522	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2523	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2524	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2525	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2526	ENDIF
	2527	ENDIF
	2528
[1912]	2529	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2530	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2531	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2532
	2533	ENDIF
	2534
[1864]	2535	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2536
[1912]	2537	!
	2538	!-- Formats
[1819]	2539	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2540	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2541	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2542	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2543	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2544
[1864]	2545	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2546	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2547
	2548
	2549	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2550
	2551
[1839]	2552	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2553	! Description:
	2554	! ------------
	2555	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2556	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2557	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2558
[1819]	2559	USE kinds
[1839]	2560
	2561	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2562
	2563	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2564	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2565	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2566
	2567	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2568
	2569	!
[1864]	2570	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2571	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
[3593]	2572	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2573	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
[1864]	2574	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2575	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2576	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2577	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2578	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2579	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2580	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2581	!
	2582	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2583	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2584	!
[1864]	2585	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2586	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2587	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2588	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2589	!
[1864]	2590	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2591	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2592
	2593	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2594	!
[1864]	2595	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2596	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2597	!
[1864]	2598	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2599	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2600	!
[1864]	2601	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2602	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2603	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2604	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2605	ENDIF
	2606	ENDIF
	2607
	2608	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2609
	2610	!
[1864]	2611	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2612	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2613	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2614
	2615	ELSE
	2616	!
	2617	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2618	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2619	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2620	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2621	!
[1864]	2622	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2623	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2624	!
	2625	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2626	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2627	!
	2628	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2629	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2630	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2631	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2632	!
	2633	!-- Continue yawing
	2634	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2635	ELSE
[1864]	2636	!
	2637	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2638	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2639	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2640	ENDIF
	2641	ELSE
[1864]	2642	!
	2643	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2644	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2645	ENDIF
	2646
	2647	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2648
	2649	ENDIF
	2650
[1839]	2651	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2652
[1864]	2653
[1819]	2654	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2655	! Description:
	2656	! ------------
[1864]	2657	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2658	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2659	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2660
	2661
	2662	IMPLICIT NONE
	2663
	2664	!
	2665	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2666	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2667	!
	2668	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2669	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2670	!
	2671	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2672	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2673	!
	2674	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2675	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2676	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2677	!
	2678	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2679	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2680	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2681	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2682	!
	2683	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2684	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2685	!
	2686	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2687	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2688	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2689	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2690	ENDIF
[1864]	2691
	2692	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2693
	2694
	2695	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2696	! Description:
	2697	! ------------
	2698	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2699	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2700	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2701
	2702
	2703	IMPLICIT NONE
	2704
[1912]	2705	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2706
	2707
[1864]	2708
	2709	!
	2710	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2711	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2712	!-- offshore system developement"
	2713
	2714	!
	2715	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2716	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2717	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2718	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2719	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2720
	2721	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2722	!
	2723	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2724	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2725
	2726	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2727	!
	2728	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2729	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2730
	2731	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2732	!
	2733	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2734	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2735	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2736
	2737	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2738	!
	2739	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2740	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2741
	2742	ELSE
	2743	!
	2744	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2745	!-- keep the power constant:
	2746	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2747
	2748	ENDIF
	2749	!
	2750	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2751	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2752	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2753	!
	2754	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2755	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2756	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2757	!
	2758	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2759	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2760
	2761
	2762	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2763
	2764
	2765	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2766	! Description:
	2767	! ------------
[1839]	2768	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2769	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2770	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2771	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	2772	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions( location )
[1819]	2773
	2774
[3875]	2775	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
	2776
[1839]	2777	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2778	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2779	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2780
	2781
[3875]	2782	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	2783
[3875]	2784	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	2785
	2786	CALL wtm_forces
	2787
	2788	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	2789	!
	2790	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2791	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2792	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2793	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2794	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2795	!
[1864]	2796	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2797	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2798	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2799	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2800	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2801
[2232]	2802	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2803	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2804	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2805	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2806	ENDDO
	2807	ENDDO
	2808	ENDDO
	2809	ENDIF
	2810
[3875]	2811	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	2812	!
	2813	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2814	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2815	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2816	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2817	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2818	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2819	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2820	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2821	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2822	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2823	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2824	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2825	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2826	ENDDO
	2827	ENDDO
	2828	ENDDO
	2829	ENDIF
	2830
[3875]	2831	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	2832	!
	2833	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2834	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2835	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2836	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2837	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2838	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2839	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2840	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2841	ENDDO
	2842	ENDDO
	2843	ENDDO
	2844	ENDIF
	2845
	2846
	2847	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	2848	CONTINUE
[1819]	2849
	2850	END SELECT
	2851
	2852
[3875]	2853	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions
[1819]	2854
	2855
	2856	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2857	! Description:
	2858	! ------------
[1839]	2859	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2860	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2861	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2862	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[3875]	2863	SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij( i, j, location )
[1819]	2864
	2865
[3875]	2866	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
[1839]	2867	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2868	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2869	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2870
[3875]	2871	SELECT CASE ( location )
[1819]	2872
[3875]	2873	CASE ( 'before_timestep' )
	2874
	2875	CALL wtm_forces
	2876
	2877	CASE ( 'u-tendency' )
[1819]	2878	!
	2879	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2880	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2881	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2882	!
[1839]	2883	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2884	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2885	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2886	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2887	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2888	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2889	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2890	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2891	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2892	ENDDO
	2893	ENDIF
	2894
[3875]	2895	CASE ( 'v-tendency' )
[1819]	2896	!
	2897	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2898	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2899	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2900	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2901	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2902	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2903	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2904	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2905	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2906	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2907	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2908	ENDDO
[1819]	2909	ENDIF
	2910
[3875]	2911	CASE ( 'w-tendency' )
[1819]	2912	!
	2913	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2914	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2915	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2916	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2917	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2918	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2919	ENDDO
	2920	ENDIF
	2921
	2922
	2923	CASE DEFAULT
[4056]	2924	CONTINUE
[1819]	2925
	2926	END SELECT
	2927
	2928
[3875]	2929	END SUBROUTINE wtm_actions_ij
[1819]	2930
	2931	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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