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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 3836

Last change on this file since 3836 was 3832, checked in by raasch, 6 years ago
some routines instrumented with openmp directives, loop reordering for performance optimization
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 121.7 KB

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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2718]	17	! Copyright 2009-2018 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
[3655]	18	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[3139]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch $
[3832]	28	! instrumented with openmp directives
	29	!
	30	! 3725 2019-02-07 10:11:02Z raasch
[3725]	31	! unused variables removed
	32	!
	33	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
[3685]	34	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
	35	!
	36	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
[3593]	37	! Replace degree symbol by 'degrees'
	38	!
	39	! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop
[3274]	40	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
	41	!
	42	! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward
[3248]	43	! Minor formating changes
	44	!
	45	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	46	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	47	!
	48	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	49	! unused variables removed
	50	!
	51	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3174]	52	! Check for vertical stretching has been revised.
	53	!
	54	! 3139 2018-07-17 11:30:10Z Giersch
[3139]	55	! Bugfix in calculation of alpha_attack
	56	!
	57	! 3069 2018-06-15 07:56:09Z witha
[3069]	58	! Initialization of some arrays added
	59	!
	60	! 3066 2018-06-12 08:55:55Z Giersch
[3066]	61	! Error message revised
[3069]	62	!
[3066]	63	! 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch
[3065]	64	! dz was replaced by dz(1), error message concerning grid stretching has been
	65	! introduced
	66	!
	67	! 3049 2018-05-29 13:52:36Z Giersch
[3049]	68	! Error messages revised
	69	!
	70	! 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z Giersch
[2932]	71	! renamed wind_turbine_par to wind_turbine_parameters
	72	!
	73	! 2894 2018-03-15 09:17:58Z Giersch
[2894]	74	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was
	75	! found, reading of restart strings has been moved completely to
	76	! read_restart_data_mod, wind_turbine_prerun flag has been removed, redundant
	77	! skipping function has been removed, wtm_read/write_restart_data have been
	78	! renamed to wtm_r/wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global is called in
	79	! read_restart_data_mod now, marker * end wtm * was removed, strings and
	80	! their respective lengths are written out and read now in case of restart
	81	! runs to get rid of prescribed character lengths, CASE DEFAULT was added if
	82	! restart data is read
	83	!
	84	! 2885 2018-03-14 11:02:46Z Giersch
[2836]	85	! Bugfix in interpolation of lift and drag coefficients on fine grid of radius
	86	! segments and angles of attack, speed-up of the initialization of the wind
	87	! turbine model
	88	!
	89	! 2792 2018-02-07 06:45:29Z Giersch
[2792]	90	! omega_rot_l has to be calculated after determining the indices for the hub in
	91	! case of restart runs
	92	!
	93	! 2776 2018-01-31 10:44:42Z Giersch
[2776]	94	! wind_turbine_prerun flag is used to define if module
	95	! related parameters were outputted as restart data
	96	!
	97	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	98	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	99	!
	100	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	101	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	102	!
	103	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	104	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	105	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	106	!
	107	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2894]	108	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	109	! parameters during reading restart data
	110	!
	111	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	112	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	113	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	114	! defined
	115	!
	116	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	117	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	118	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	119	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	120	!
	121	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	122	! Revise error message PA0462
	123	!
	124	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	125	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	126	!
	127	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	128	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	129	!
[2343]	130	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	131	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	132	!
[2323]	133	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	134	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	135	!
	136	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	137	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	138	!
[2257]	139	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	140	!
[2233]	141	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	142	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	143	!
[2153]	144	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	145	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	146	! Addition of a tip loss model
	147	!
[2016]	148	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	149	! Bugfix of pitch control
	150	!
[2001]	151	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	152	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	153	!
[1930]	154	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	155	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	156	!
[1917]	157	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	158	! Initial revision
	159	!
[1819]	160	!
	161	! Description:
	162	! ------------
	163	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	164	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	165	!> (ADM-R).
	166	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	167	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	168	!> yaw.
	169	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	170	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	171	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	172	!> automatically).
	173	!>
[3065]	174	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	175	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	176	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	177	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	178	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	179	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	180	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	181	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	182	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	183	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	184	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	185	!
	186	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	187	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	188
	189	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	190	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	191
[3274]	192	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2553]	193	ONLY: pi
[1819]	194
	195	USE control_parameters, &
[2669]	196	ONLY: coupling_char, dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
[2894]	197	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	198
	199	USE cpulog, &
	200	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	201
	202	USE grid_variables, &
	203	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	204
	205	USE indices, &
	206	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	207	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	208
	209	USE kinds
	210
	211	USE pegrid
	212
	213
	214	IMPLICIT NONE
	215
[1864]	216	PRIVATE
[1819]	217
	218	!
	219	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	220
[1864]	221	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	222	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	223
[1839]	224	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	225	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	226	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	227	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	228
[1839]	229	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	230	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	231	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	232	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	233	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	234	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	235
[1912]	236	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	237	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	238	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	240	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	241	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
[3725]	245	! REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
[1912]	246	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	247
[1819]	248	!
	249	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	250	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	251
[1912]	252	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	253	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	254	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	255	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	256	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	257	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	258	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	259	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	260	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	261	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	262	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	263	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	264	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	265	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	266
[1912]	267
[1819]	268	!
	269	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	270
[1839]	271	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	272	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	273	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	274
[1819]	275	!
	276	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	277	TYPE file_status
	278	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	279	END TYPE file_status
	280
[1912]	281	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	282	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	283
	284	!
	285	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	286
[1839]	287	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	288	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	289	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	290	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	291	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	292
[1839]	293	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	294
[1912]	295	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	296	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	297	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	298	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	299	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	300	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	301	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	302	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	303
[1912]	304	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	305
[1912]	306	!
	307	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	308	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	309	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	310	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	311	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	312	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	313	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
[1819]	314
[1839]	315	!
	316	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	317	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	318	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	319	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	320	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	321
[1912]	322	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	323	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	324
[1912]	325	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	327
[1912]	328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	330
	331	!
	332	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	333
[1839]	334	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	335	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	336	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	337	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	338	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	339	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	340	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	341	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	342	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	343	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	344	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[3832]	345	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (cur_r, phi_rotor, pre_factor, torque_seg, u_int_l, u_int_u, u_rot, &
	346	!$OMP& v_int_l, v_int_u, w_int_l, w_int_u)
[1912]	347	!
	348	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	349	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	350	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	351	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	352	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[3832]	353	!$OMP THREADPRIVATE (tend_nac_x, tend_tow_x, tend_nac_y, tend_tow_y)
[1819]	354
[1912]	355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	364
	365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	367
	368	!
	369	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	374	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	376
	377	!
	378	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	382
	383	!
	384	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	388
	389	!
	390	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	394
	395	!
	396	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	400	!
	401	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	403
[1839]	404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	413
[1839]	414	!
	415	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	416
[1912]	417	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	418
[1912]	419	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	420	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	421	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	422	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	423	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	424	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	425	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	426	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	427
[1864]	428	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	429
[1839]	430	!
	431	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	432
[1912]	433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	437	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	438	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	439	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	440	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	441	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	442	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	443	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	444	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	445	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	446
[2563]	447	!
	448	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	449	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	450	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	451	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	452	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	453	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	454	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	455	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	456
[2563]	457
[1839]	458	SAVE
[1819]	459
[1839]	460
	461	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	462	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	463	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	464
[2894]	465	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	466	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	467	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	468
[2894]	469	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	470	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	471	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1912]	472
	473	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	474	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	475	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[1839]	476
	477	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	478	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	479	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	480
	481	INTERFACE wtm_init
	482	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	483	END INTERFACE wtm_init
	484
[1912]	485	INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
	486	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_blade_tables
	487	END INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	488
[1819]	489	INTERFACE wtm_forces
	490	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_forces
[2553]	491	END INTERFACE wtm_forces
	492
	493	INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1839]	494	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_yawcontrol
[2553]	495	END INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1864]	496
	497	INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	498	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rotate_rotor
	499	END INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	500
	501	INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
	502	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_speed_control
	503	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_speed_control
	504	END INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
[1819]	505
	506	INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
	507	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies
	508	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies_ij
	509	END INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
[1864]	510
	511
[1912]	512	PUBLIC wtm_check_parameters, wtm_forces, wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, &
[2894]	513	wtm_parin, wtm_wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global, wtm_tendencies
[1819]	514
[2563]	515
[1819]	516	CONTAINS
	517
	518
	519	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	520	! Description:
	521	! ------------
[1839]	522	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	523	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	524	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	525
	526
	527	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	528
[1839]	529	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	530
	531	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	532	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	533	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	534	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	535	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	536	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	537	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	538	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	539	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	540	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	541	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[2932]	542
	543	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
	544	air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
	545	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	546	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	547	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	548	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	549	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	550	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	551	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[3725]	552	turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2932]	553	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[3725]	554	! , turb_cd_nacelle
[1819]	555	!
[1839]	556	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	557	REWIND ( 11 )
	558	line = ' '
[3248]	559	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	560	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	561	ENDDO
	562	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	563
	564	!
	565	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	566	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10 )
[2932]	567	!
	568	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	569	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	570
[3246]	571	GOTO 14
[2932]	572
[3246]	573	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	574	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	575	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	576
[2932]	577	!
	578	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
[3246]	579	12 REWIND ( 11 )
[2932]	580	line = ' '
[3248]	581	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	582	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
[2932]	583	ENDDO
	584	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	585
	586	!
	587	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	588	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
[2932]	589
	590	message_string = 'namelist wind_tubrine_par is deprecated and will ' // &
[3046]	591	'be removed in near future. &Please use namelist ' // &
[2932]	592	'wind_turbine_parameters instead'
	593	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
	594
[1839]	595	!
	596	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	597	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	598
[3246]	599	GOTO 14
[2563]	600
[3246]	601	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	602	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	603	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_par', line )
[1839]	604
[3246]	605	14 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
	606
	607
[1839]	608	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	609
[2563]	610
	611	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	612	! Description:
	613	! ------------
[2894]	614	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	615	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	616	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	617
	618
[2563]	619	IMPLICIT NONE
[2776]	620
[2563]	621
[2894]	622	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	623	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	624
	625	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	626	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	627
	628	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	629	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	630
	631	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	632	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	633
	634	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	635	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	636
	637	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	638	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	639
	640	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	641	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	642
	643	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	644	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	645
	646	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	647	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	648
	649	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	650	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	651
[2563]	652
[2894]	653	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	654
	655
	656	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	657	! Description:
	658	! ------------
	659	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	660	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	661	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	662
	663
[2894]	664	USE control_parameters, &
	665	ONLY: length, restart_string
	666
	667
[2563]	668	IMPLICIT NONE
	669
[2894]	670	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	671
	672
[2894]	673	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	674
	675
[2894]	676	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	677
[2894]	678	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	679	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	680	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	681	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	682	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	683	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	684	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	685	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	686	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	687	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	688	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	689	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	690	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	691	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	692	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	693	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	694	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	695	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	696	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	697	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	698
[2894]	699	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	700
[2894]	701	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	702
[2894]	703	END SELECT
	704
[2563]	705
[2894]	706	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	707
	708
[2563]	709	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	710	! Description:
	711	! ------------
	712	!> Check namelist parameter
	713	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	714	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	715
	716
	717	IMPLICIT NONE
	718
	719	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	720	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	721	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	722	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	723	ENDIF
	724
[2322]	725	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	726	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2792]	727	'a value equal or larger than zero'
[2322]	728	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	729	ENDIF
	730
	731
	732	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	733	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	734	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	735
	736	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	737	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	738	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	739
	740	ENDIF
	741
	742
	743	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	744
	745
[1839]	746	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	747	! Description:
	748	! ------------
	749	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	750	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	751	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	752
	753
	754	IMPLICIT NONE
	755
[1864]	756	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	757	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	758
[1839]	759	!
	760	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	761	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	762
	763	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	764	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	765
	766	nrings(:) = 0
	767	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	768
	769	!
	770	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	771	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	772	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	773	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	774
	775	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	776	!
	777	!-- Determine number of rings:
	778	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	779
	780	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	781
	782	ENDDO
	783
	784	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	785
	786	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	787	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	788
	789	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	790	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	791
	792
	793	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	794	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	795	!
	796	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	797	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	798	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	799	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	800	ENDDO
	801	!
	802	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	803	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	804
	805	ENDDO
	806
	807	!
	808	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	809	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	810
[1864]	811	!!
	812	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	813	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	814	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	815	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	816	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	817	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	818	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	819	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	820	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	821	! ENDIF
[1819]	822
	823
	824	!
	825	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	826	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	827	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	828	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	829	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	830	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	831	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	832	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	833	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	834
	835	!
	836	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	837	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	838	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	839	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	840	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	841	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	842	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	843
	844	!
	845	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	846	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	847	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	848	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	849	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	850	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	851	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	852	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	853	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	854	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	855	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	856
	857	!
	858	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	859	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	860	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	861	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	862	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	863	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	864	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	865
	866	!
	867	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	868	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	869	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	870	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	871
	872	!
	873	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	874	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	875	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	876	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	877	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	878	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	879	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	880	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	881	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	882
	883	!
	884	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	885	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	886	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	887	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	888	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	889	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	890	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	891
	892	!
	893	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	894	i_hub(:) = 0
	895	i_smear(:) = 0
	896	j_hub(:) = 0
	897	j_smear(:) = 0
	898	k_hub(:) = 0
	899	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	900
[1819]	901	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	902	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	903
[2563]	904	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	905	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	906	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	907	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	908	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	909	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	910	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	911	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	912	ENDIF
	913
[1819]	914	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	915	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	916	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	917	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	918	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	919	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	920
	921	!
	922	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	923	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	924	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	925	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	926	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	927	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	928	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	929	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	930	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	931	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	932	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	933
	934	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	935	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	936	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	937	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	938	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	939	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	940
	941	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	942	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	943	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	944
[1912]	945	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	946	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	947	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	948	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	949	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	950	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	951	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	952	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	953
	954	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	955	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	956	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	957	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	958	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	959	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	960
	961
[1839]	962	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	963
	964
	965	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	966	! Description:
	967	! ------------
[1839]	968	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	969	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	970	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	971
[1839]	972
[3065]	973	USE control_parameters, &
	974	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	975
[1819]	976	IMPLICIT NONE
	977
	978	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	979	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	980	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	981
[1819]	982	!
[1864]	983	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	984	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	985
[1839]	986	!
[1864]	987	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	988	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	989	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
	990
	991	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	992
	993	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	994	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	995	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	996	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	997
[3685]	998	CALL location_message( 'initializing wind turbine model', .FALSE. )
	999
[1864]	1000	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	1001	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	1002	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	1003	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	1004
[1839]	1005	!
[1819]	1006	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1007	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	1008	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	1009	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1010	!
[1839]	1011	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	1012	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	1013
[1839]	1014	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	1015	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	1016	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	1017	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	1018	!
[1839]	1019	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	1020	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	1021	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	1022	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	1023	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	1024	!
[3065]	1025	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	1026	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	1027	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	1028	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	1029	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	1030	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	1031	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	1032	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	1033	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	1034	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	1035	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	1036	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	1037	ENDIF
	1038	!
[1819]	1039	!-- Square of eps_min:
	1040	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	1041	!
	1042	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	1043	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	1044	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	1045	!
[1839]	1046	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	1047	!-- function:
	1048	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	1049
[1864]	1050	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	1051	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	1052
[1819]	1053	!
[1864]	1054	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	1055	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1056	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1057	ENDIF
[1819]	1058
[1864]	1059
[1819]	1060	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1061	!
[1864]	1062	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1063	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1064
	1065	!
	1066	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1067	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1068	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	1069	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	1070
	1071	!
	1072	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1073	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1074	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1075	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1076	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1077	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	1078	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	1079
[1819]	1080	ENDDO
	1081
	1082	!
[2792]	1083	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1084	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1085	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1086
	1087	CALL wtm_speed_control
	1088
	1089	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1090
	1091	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1092
	1093	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1094	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1095	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1096	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1097	ENDIF
	1098
	1099	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1100	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1101	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1102	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1103	ENDIF
	1104
	1105	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1106	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1107	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1108	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1109	ENDIF
	1110
	1111	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1112	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1113	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1114	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1115	ENDIF
	1116
	1117	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1118	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1119
	1120	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1121
	1122	ENDIF
	1123	ENDIF
	1124
	1125	END DO
	1126
	1127	ENDIF
	1128
	1129	ENDIF
	1130
	1131	!
[1819]	1132	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1133	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1134	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1135	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1136	!
	1137	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1138	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1139
	1140	!
	1141	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1142	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1143	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1144
	1145	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1146
	1147	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1148
[1839]	1149
	1150	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1151	!
[1839]	1152	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1153	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1154	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1155	i = i_hub(inot)
	1156
	1157	!
[1839]	1158	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1159	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1160	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1161	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1162	!
[1839]	1163	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1164	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1165	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1166	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1167	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1168	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1169	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1170
	1171	!
	1172	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1173	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1174	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1175	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1176
	1177	!
	1178	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1179	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1180	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1181
	1182	DO j = nys, nyn
	1183	!
[1839]	1184	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1185	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1186
[1819]	1187	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1188
	1189	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1190	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1191	!
[1819]	1192	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1193	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1194	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1195	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1196	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1197	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1198	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1199	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1200	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1201	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1202	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1203	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1204	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1205	!
	1206	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1207	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1208	ELSE
[1912]	1209	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1210	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1211	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1212	ENDIF
	1213	!
	1214	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1215	ELSE
[3065]	1216	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1217	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1218	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1219	ENDIF
[1839]	1220	!
	1221	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1222	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1223	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1224
[1839]	1225	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1226	!
[1819]	1227	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1228	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1229	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1230	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1231	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1232	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1233	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1234	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1235	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1236	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1237	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1238	!
	1239	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1240	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1241	ELSE
[3065]	1242	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1243	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1244	ENDIF
[1839]	1245	!
[1819]	1246	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1247	ELSE
[3065]	1248	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1249	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1250	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1251
	1252	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1253
	1254	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1255
	1256	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1257
	1258	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1259
	1260	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1261
[1839]	1262
[1912]	1263	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1264
[1839]	1265	!
[1864]	1266	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1267	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1268	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1269	!!
	1270	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1271	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1272	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1273	!
	1274	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1275	!
	1276	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1277	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1278	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1279	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1280	!!
	1281	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1282	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1283	!!
	1284	!!-- top intersection point
	1285	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1286	! ELSE
	1287	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1288	! ENDIF
	1289	! ENDDO
	1290	!
	1291	!
	1292	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1293	!!
	1294	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1295	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1296	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1297	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1298	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1299	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1300	!!
	1301	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1302	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1303	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1304	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1305	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1306	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1307	!!
	1308	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1309	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1310	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1311	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1312	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1313	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1314	! dz_int = dz
	1315	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1316	!!
	1317	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1318	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1319	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1320	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1321	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1322	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1323	! ENDIF
	1324	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1325	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1326	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1327	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1328	! ENDIF
	1329	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1330	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1331	! ENDIF
	1332	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1333	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1334	! ENDIF
	1335	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1336	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1337	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1338	! ENDIF
	1339	! ENDDO
	1340	! ENDIF
	1341	! ENDDO
	1342	! ENDIF
[1819]	1343	!
[1864]	1344	! ENDDO
[1819]	1345	!
[1912]	1346	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1347
[1864]	1348	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1349
[3065]	1350	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1351	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1352
[1912]	1353	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[3685]	1354
	1355	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
[1839]	1356
[1864]	1357	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1358
	1359
[1819]	1360	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1361	! Description:
	1362	! ------------
	1363	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1364	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1365	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1366	!
	1367	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1368
[1839]	1369
[1864]	1370	IMPLICIT NONE
	1371
	1372	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1373	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1374
[1864]	1375	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1376
	1377	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1378
[1864]	1379	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1380	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1381	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1382	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1383	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1384	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1385	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1386	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1387	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1388	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1389
[1864]	1390	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1391	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1392	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1393
[1864]	1394	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1395	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1396
[1864]	1397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1400	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1401	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1402
[1864]	1403	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1408
[1864]	1409	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1410
[1864]	1411	!
	1412	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1413	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1414
[2323]	1415	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1416
	1417	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1418	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1419	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1420	ENDIF
	1421	!
	1422	!-- Read distribution table:
	1423
	1424	dlen = 0
	1425
[2323]	1426	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1427
	1428	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1429	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1430	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1431	dlen = dlen + 1
	1432	ENDDO rloop3
	1433
	1434	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1435
	1436	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1437	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1438	ENDDO
	1439
	1440	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1441	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1442	ENDDO
	1443
	1444	!
	1445	!-- Read layout table:
	1446
[1839]	1447	dlen = 0
[1864]	1448
[2323]	1449	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1450
[1843]	1451	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1452	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1453	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1454	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1455	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1456
[1839]	1457	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1458	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1459	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1460	ENDDO
	1461	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1462	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1463	ENDDO
[1819]	1464
[1864]	1465	!
	1466	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1467
[1864]	1468	dlen = 0
	1469
[2323]	1470	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1471
[1843]	1472	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1473	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1474	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1475	dlen = dlen + 1
	1476	ENDDO rloop2
	1477
[1912]	1478	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1479	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1480
	1481	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1482	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1483	ENDDO
	1484
[1839]	1485	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1486	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1487	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1488	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1489	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1490	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1491	ENDDO
[1864]	1492
[1839]	1493	ENDDO
[1864]	1494
	1495	dlenbl = dlen
	1496
[2323]	1497	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1498
[1864]	1499	!
[2836]	1500	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1501	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1502	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1503	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1504	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1505
[2836]	1506	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1507	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1508	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1509	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1510
[1864]	1511	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1512	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1513
[2836]	1514	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1515	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1516
[2836]	1517	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1518
[2836]	1519	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1520	!
	1521	!-- Find position in table 1
	1522	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1523	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1524
[2836]	1525	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1526	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1527	ENDIF
[1864]	1528
[2836]	1529	trow = lct(1)
	1530	!
	1531	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1532	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1533	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1534	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1535	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1536
[2836]	1537	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1538	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1539	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
	1540	ENDIF
	1541
	1542	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1543	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1544	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1545	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1546	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1547
[3593]	1548	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values
[2836]	1549	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1550	! explicitly
	1551	ELSE
	1552	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1553	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1554	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1555	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1556	!
[3593]	1557	!-- For -180 degrees (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
[2836]	1558	!-- explicitly
	1559	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1560	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1561	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1562	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1563	ENDIF
	1564
	1565	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1566
[1864]	1567	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1568	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1569
[2152]	1570	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1571	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1572	ENDDO
[1819]	1573
[1864]	1574	!
[1912]	1575	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1576	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1577
[1912]	1578	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1579	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1580	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1581	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1582	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1583	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1584	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1585	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1586	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1587	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1588	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1589	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1590	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1591	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1592	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1593	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1594	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1595	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1596	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1597	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1598	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1599	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1600	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1601	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1602
[1912]	1603	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1604
	1605	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1606
[2836]	1607
[1912]	1608	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1609
	1610
[1864]	1611	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1612	! Description:
	1613	! ------------
	1614	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1615	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1616	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1617	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1618
[1864]	1619
	1620	IMPLICIT NONE
	1621
	1622	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1623	!
	1624	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1625	!-- the rotors
	1626	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1627	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1628	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1629
	1630	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1631	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1632	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1633
	1634	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1635	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1636	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1637
[1864]	1638	!
	1639	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1640	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1641
[1912]	1642	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1643	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1644	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1645	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1646	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1647	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1648	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1649	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1650	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1651	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1652	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1653	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1654	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1655	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1656	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1657	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1658	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1659	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1660	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1661	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1662	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1663	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1664	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1665	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1666
[1864]	1667	!
	1668	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1669	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1670	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1671	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1672	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1673
	1674	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1675
	1676
[1819]	1677	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1678	! Description:
	1679	! ------------
[1839]	1680	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1681	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1682	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1683
[1864]	1684
[1819]	1685	IMPLICIT NONE
	1686
[2669]	1687	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1688
[1839]	1689	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1690	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1691	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1692	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1693	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1694	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1695
[2232]	1696	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1697	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1698	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1699
	1700	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1701	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1702
	1703	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1704
	1705
[1839]	1706	!
[1819]	1707	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1708	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1709
[3241]	1710	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1711	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1712
	1713	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1714
	1715
[1864]	1716	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1717
	1718
	1719	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1720
[1864]	1721	!
[1819]	1722	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1723	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1724	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1725	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1726	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1727	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1728	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1729	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1730	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1731	!
	1732	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1733	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1734
	1735	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1736	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1737	!
[1839]	1738	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1739
	1740	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, thrust_seg, torque_seg_y, torque_seg_z, sin_rot, &
	1741	!$OMP& cos_rot, re, rbx, rby, rbz, ii, jj, kk, aa, bb, cc, dd, gg)
	1742	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1743	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1744
	1745	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1746	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1747	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1748	!
	1749	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1750	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1751
	1752	!
[1839]	1753	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1754	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1755	!
[1864]	1756	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1757	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1758	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1759	!
[1864]	1760	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1761	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1762	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1763	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1764	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1765	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1766
[1864]	1767	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1768	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1769	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1770	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1771	re(3) = sin_rot
	1772
	1773	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1774	!
	1775	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1776	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1777	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1778	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1779
[1864]	1780	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1781	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1782	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1783	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1784	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1785
	1786	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1787	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1788
	1789	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1790	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1791
	1792	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1793	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1794
	1795	!
	1796	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1797
	1798	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1799	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1800	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1801	!
[1864]	1802	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1803	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1804	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1805	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1806
[1839]	1807	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1808	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1809	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1810	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1811	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1812	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1813	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1814	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1815	gg = dx * dy
	1816
[1864]	1817	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1818	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1819	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1820	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1821	) / gg
	1822
[1864]	1823	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1824	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1825	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1826	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1827	) / gg
	1828
[1864]	1829	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	1830	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1831	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1832
	1833	ELSE
	1834	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1835	ENDIF
	1836	ELSE
	1837	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1838	ENDIF
	1839
	1840
	1841	!
	1842	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1843	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1844	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	1845	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1846	!
[1864]	1847	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1848	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1849	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1850	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1851
[1839]	1852	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1853	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1854	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1855	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1856	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1857	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1858	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1859	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1860	gg = dx * dy
	1861
[1864]	1862	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1863	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1864	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1865	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1866	) / gg
	1867
[1864]	1868	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1869	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1870	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1871	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1872	) / gg
	1873
[1864]	1874	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	1875	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1876	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1877
	1878	ELSE
	1879	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1880	ENDIF
	1881	ELSE
	1882	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1883	ENDIF
	1884
	1885
	1886	!
	1887	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1888	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1889	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1890	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	1891	!
[1864]	1892	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1893	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1894	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1895	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1896
[1839]	1897	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1898	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1899	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1900	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1901	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1902	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1903	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1904	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1905	gg = dx * dy
	1906
[1864]	1907	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1908	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1909	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1910	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1911	) / gg
	1912
[1864]	1913	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1914	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1915	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1916	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1917	) / gg
	1918
[1864]	1919	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	1920	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1921	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1922	ELSE
	1923	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1924	ENDIF
	1925	ELSE
	1926	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1927	ENDIF
	1928
	1929	ENDDO
	1930	ENDDO
[3832]	1931	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	1932
	1933	ENDDO
	1934
	1935	!
	1936	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1937	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1938	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1939	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1940	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1941	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1942	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1943	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1944	#else
	1945	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1946	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1947	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1948	#endif
	1949
	1950
	1951	!
	1952	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1953
[1819]	1954	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1955	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1956
[1912]	1957	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1958	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1959	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1960	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1961	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1962	ELSE
	1963	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1964	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1965	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1966	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1967	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1968	ENDIF
[1819]	1969	ENDIF
	1970
[1839]	1971	!
	1972	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[3832]	1973	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (ring, rseg, sin_rot, cos_rot, re, rea, ren, rote, rota, rotn, &
	1974	!$OMP& vtheta, phi_rel, lct, rad_d, alpha_attack, vrel, &
	1975	!$OMP& chord, iialpha, iir, turb_cl, tl_factor, thrust_seg, &
	1976	!$OMP& torque_seg_y, turb_cd, torque_seg_z, thrust_ring, &
	1977	!$OMP& torque_ring_y, torque_ring_z)
	1978	!$OMP DO
[1819]	1979	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1980	!
	1981	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1982	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1983	!
	1984	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1985	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1986	!
[1839]	1987	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1988	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1989	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1990	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1991	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1992	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1993	!
[1839]	1994	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1995	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1996	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1997	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1998	re(3) = sin_rot
	1999
[1864]	2000	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	2001	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	2002	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	2003	rea(3) = cos_rot
	2004
	2005	!
[1864]	2006	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	2007	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	2008	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	2009	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	2010	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	2011	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	2012	!
	2013	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	2014	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	2015	!-- tilt:
[1819]	2016	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	2017	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	2018	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	2019	!
	2020	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2021	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2022
	2023	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2024
	2025	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2026
	2027	!
[1864]	2028	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2029	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2030	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2031	!
[1864]	2032	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2033	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2034	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2035	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2036	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2037	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2038	!
	2039	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2040	!
[1819]	2041	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2042	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2043	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2044	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2045	!
[1864]	2046	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2047	!-- direction:
	2048	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2049	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2050	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2051	!
[1864]	2052	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2053	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2054
[1864]	2055	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	2056	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2057	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2058
	2059	!
[1864]	2060	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2061	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2062
	2063	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2064	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2065
	2066	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2067	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2068	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2069	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2070	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2071	ELSE
[1864]	2072	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2073	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2074	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2075	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2076	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2077	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2078	ENDIF
	2079
	2080	!
[1864]	2081	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2082	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2083	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2084	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2085	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2086	!
[1864]	2087	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2088	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2089	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2090	!
[1864]	2091	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2092	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2093	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2094	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2095	!
[1864]	2096	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2097	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2098
	2099	!
[1864]	2100	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2101	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2102	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2103	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2104	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2105
	2106	!
[1864]	2107	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2108	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2109	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2110	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2111
	2112	!
[1864]	2113	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2114	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2115
	2116	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2117	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2118	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2119	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2120	ELSE
[1864]	2121	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2122	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2123	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2124	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2125	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2126	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2127	ENDIF
	2128
	2129	!
	2130	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2131	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2132	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2133	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2134	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2135	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2136	!
	2137	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2138	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2139	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2140	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2141	!
[1864]	2142	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2143	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2144	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2145	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2146
	2147	!
[1864]	2148	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2149	!-- angles given in radian:
	2150	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2151	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2152
[2152]	2153	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2154
	2155	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2156	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2157	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2158	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2159	!--
	2160	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2161	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2162	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2163
	2164	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2165
[2894]	2166	ENDIF
[1819]	2167	!
	2168	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2169	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2170	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2171
	2172	!
[1864]	2173	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2174
	2175	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2176	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2177
	2178	!
[1864]	2179	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2180	!-- for each ring segment:
	2181	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2182	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2183	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2184
	2185	!
[1864]	2186	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2187	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2188	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2189	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2190	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2191	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2192	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2193	!
	2194	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2195	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2196	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2197
	2198	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2199	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2200
[1912]	2201	!
	2202	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
[3832]	2203	!$OMP CRITICAL
[1912]	2204	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2205	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2206
	2207
[1819]	2208	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
[3832]	2209	!$OMP END CRITICAL
[1819]	2210
[1864]	2211	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2212
	2213	!
[1864]	2214	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2215	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2216	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2217	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2218	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2219
	2220
[1864]	2221	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[3832]	2222	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2223
	2224
[1864]	2225	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2226
[1912]	2227
	2228	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2229	!
	2230	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2231
	2232	!
	2233	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2234	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2235	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2236	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2237	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2238	( inertia_rot + &
	2239	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2240
[1912]	2241	!
	2242	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2243	!-- and rotor speed
	2244	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2245
	2246	ENDIF
	2247
[1864]	2248	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2249
[1912]	2250	!
	2251	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2252	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2253	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2254	!-- gain
	2255	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2256	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2257	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2258	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2259	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2260	!
	2261	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2262	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2263	ENDIF
[1912]	2264
	2265	!
	2266	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2267	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2268	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2269	ENDIF
[1912]	2270	EXIT pit_loop
	2271	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2272
[1864]	2273
[1819]	2274	!
[1864]	2275	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2276
[1819]	2277	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2278	!
[1864]	2279	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2280	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2281	THEN
	2282	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2283	THEN
[1864]	2284	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2285	ENDIF
[1912]	2286	ENDIF
[1864]	2287
[1819]	2288	ENDIF
	2289
	2290
[1864]	2291	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2292
[1864]	2293	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2294
	2295
[1864]	2296	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2297	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2298	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2299	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2300	!
[1864]	2301	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2302	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2303	!
	2304	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2305	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2306	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2307	!-- consideration
[1819]	2308	!
[1864]	2309	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2310	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2311	!
	2312	!--
	2313	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2314	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2315	eps_min ) / dx )
	2316	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2317	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2318
[3832]	2319	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (i, j, k, ring, rseg, flag, dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d)
	2320	!$OMP DO
[1864]	2321	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2322	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2323	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2324	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2325	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2326	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2327	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2328	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2329	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2330	!
[2232]	2331	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2332	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2333
	2334	!
[1819]	2335	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2336	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2337	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2338	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2339	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2340	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2341	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2342	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2343	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2344	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2345	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2346
	2347	!
	2348	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2349	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2350	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2351	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2352	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2353	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2354	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2355	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2356	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2357	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2358	flag
[1819]	2359	ENDIF
	2360	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2361	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2362	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2363	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2364	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2365	flag
[1819]	2366	ENDIF
	2367	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2368	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2369	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2370	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2371	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2372	flag
[1819]	2373	ENDIF
	2374
	2375	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2376	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2377
	2378	!
	2379	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2380	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2381	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2382	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2383	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2384	) * flag
[1819]	2385
[2232]	2386	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2387	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2388	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2389	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2390	) * flag
[1819]	2391
[2232]	2392	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2393	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2394	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2395	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2396	) * flag
[1819]	2397
	2398	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2399	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2400	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
[3832]	2401	!$OMP END PARALLEL
[1819]	2402
[1864]	2403	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2404
[1912]	2405	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2406
	2407
	2408	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2409	!
	2410	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2411	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2412	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2413	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2414	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2415	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2416	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2417
[1864]	2418	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2419	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2420	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2421	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2422	start_up = .FALSE.
	2423	ENDIF
	2424
	2425	!
	2426	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2427	!--
	2428	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2429	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2430	!
	2431	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2432	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2433	THEN
	2434	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2435	THEN
[1864]	2436
[1819]	2437	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2438
[1912]	2439	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2440	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2441	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2442	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2443	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2444
	2445	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2446
[1819]	2447	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2448
[1819]	2449	ENDIF
	2450	ENDIF
	2451
[1864]	2452	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2453
	2454	!
[1929]	2455	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2456	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2457	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2458	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2459	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2460	comm2d, ierr )
	2461	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2462	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2463	#else
	2464	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2465	wdir = wdir_l
	2466	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2467
	2468
[1929]	2469	#endif
[1819]	2470	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2471	!
	2472	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2473	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2474
	2475	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2476
[2894]	2477	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2478
	2479	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2480	!
	2481	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2482	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2483	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2484	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2485	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2486	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2487	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2488	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2489	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2490	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2491	#else
	2492	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2493	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2494	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2495	#endif
[1864]	2496
	2497	ENDIF
[1819]	2498
	2499	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2500
	2501	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2502	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2503	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2504	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2505	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2506	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2507	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2508	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2509	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2510	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2511
[1819]	2512	ELSE
	2513
[2669]	2514	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2515	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2516	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2517	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2518	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2519	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2520	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2521	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2522	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2523	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2524	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2525	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2526	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2527	ENDIF
	2528	ENDIF
	2529
[1912]	2530	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2531	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2532	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2533
	2534	ENDIF
	2535
[1864]	2536	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2537
[1912]	2538	!
	2539	!-- Formats
[1819]	2540	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2541	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2542	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2543	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2544	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2545
[1864]	2546	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2547	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2548
	2549
	2550	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2551
	2552
[1839]	2553	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2554	! Description:
	2555	! ------------
	2556	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2557	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2558	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2559
[1819]	2560	USE kinds
[1839]	2561
	2562	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2563
	2564	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2565	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2566	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2567
	2568	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2569
	2570	!
[1864]	2571	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2572	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
[3593]	2573	!-- 5 degrees, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2574	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5 degrees.
[1864]	2575	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2576	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2577	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2578	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2579	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2580	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2581	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2582	!
	2583	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2584	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2585	!
[1864]	2586	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2587	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2588	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2589	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2590	!
[1864]	2591	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2592	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2593
	2594	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2595	!
[1864]	2596	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2597	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2598	!
[1864]	2599	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2600	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2601	!
[1864]	2602	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2603	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2604	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2605	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2606	ENDIF
	2607	ENDIF
	2608
	2609	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2610
	2611	!
[1864]	2612	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2613	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2614	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2615
	2616	ELSE
	2617	!
	2618	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2619	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2620	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2621	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2622	!
[1864]	2623	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2624	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2625	!
	2626	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2627	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2628	!
	2629	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2630	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2631	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2632	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2633	!
	2634	!-- Continue yawing
	2635	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2636	ELSE
[1864]	2637	!
	2638	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2639	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2640	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2641	ENDIF
	2642	ELSE
[1864]	2643	!
	2644	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2645	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2646	ENDIF
	2647
	2648	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2649
	2650	ENDIF
	2651
[1839]	2652	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2653
[1864]	2654
[1819]	2655	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2656	! Description:
	2657	! ------------
[1864]	2658	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2659	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2660	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2661
	2662
	2663	IMPLICIT NONE
	2664
	2665	!
	2666	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2667	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2668	!
	2669	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2670	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2671	!
	2672	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2673	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2674	!
	2675	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2676	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2677	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2678	!
	2679	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2680	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2681	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2682	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2683	!
	2684	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2685	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2686	!
	2687	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2688	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2689	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2690	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2691	ENDIF
[1864]	2692
	2693	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2694
	2695
	2696	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2697	! Description:
	2698	! ------------
	2699	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2700	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2701	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2702
	2703
	2704	IMPLICIT NONE
	2705
[1912]	2706	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2707
	2708
[1864]	2709
	2710	!
	2711	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2712	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2713	!-- offshore system developement"
	2714
	2715	!
	2716	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2717	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2718	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2719	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2720	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2721
	2722	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2723	!
	2724	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2725	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2726
	2727	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2728	!
	2729	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2730	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2731
	2732	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2733	!
	2734	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2735	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2736	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2737
	2738	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2739	!
	2740	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2741	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2742
	2743	ELSE
	2744	!
	2745	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2746	!-- keep the power constant:
	2747	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2748
	2749	ENDIF
	2750	!
	2751	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2752	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2753	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2754	!
	2755	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2756	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2757	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2758	!
	2759	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2760	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2761
	2762
	2763	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2764
	2765
	2766	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2767	! Description:
	2768	! ------------
[1839]	2769	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2770	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2771	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2772	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2773	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies( component )
	2774
[1839]	2775
[1819]	2776	IMPLICIT NONE
	2777
[1839]	2778	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2779	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2780	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2781	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2782
	2783
	2784	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2785
	2786	CASE ( 1 )
	2787	!
	2788	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2789	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2790	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2791	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2792	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2793	!
[1864]	2794	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2795	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2796	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2797	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2798	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2799
[2232]	2800	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2801	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2802	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2803	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2804	ENDDO
	2805	ENDDO
	2806	ENDDO
	2807	ENDIF
	2808
	2809	CASE ( 2 )
	2810	!
	2811	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2812	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2813	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2814	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2815	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2816	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2817	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2818	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2819	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2820	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2821	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2822	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2823	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2824	ENDDO
	2825	ENDDO
	2826	ENDDO
	2827	ENDIF
	2828
	2829	CASE ( 3 )
	2830	!
	2831	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2832	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2833	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2834	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2835	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2836	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2837	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2838	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2839	ENDDO
	2840	ENDDO
	2841	ENDDO
	2842	ENDIF
	2843
	2844
	2845	CASE DEFAULT
	2846
	2847	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2848	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2849
	2850	END SELECT
	2851
	2852
	2853	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies
	2854
	2855
	2856	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2857	! Description:
	2858	! ------------
[1839]	2859	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2860	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2861	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2862	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2863	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij( i, j, component )
	2864
	2865
	2866	IMPLICIT NONE
	2867
[1839]	2868	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2869	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2870	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2871	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2872
	2873	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2874
	2875	CASE ( 1 )
	2876	!
	2877	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2878	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2879	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2880	!
[1839]	2881	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2882	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2883	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2884	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2885	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2886	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2887	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2888	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2889	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2890	ENDDO
	2891	ENDIF
	2892
	2893	CASE ( 2 )
	2894	!
	2895	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2896	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2897	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2898	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2899	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2900	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2901	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2902	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2903	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2904	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2905	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2906	ENDDO
[1819]	2907	ENDIF
	2908
	2909	CASE ( 3 )
	2910	!
	2911	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2912	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2913	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2914	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2915	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2916	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2917	ENDDO
	2918	ENDIF
	2919
	2920
	2921	CASE DEFAULT
	2922
	2923	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2924	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2925
	2926	END SELECT
	2927
	2928
	2929	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij
	2930
	2931	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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