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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 3302

Last change on this file since 3302 was 3274, checked in by knoop, 6 years ago
Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 120.3 KB

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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2718]	17	! Copyright 2009-2018 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
	18	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[3139]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z raasch $
[3274]	28	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
	29	!
	30	! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward
[3248]	31	! Minor formating changes
	32	!
	33	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	34	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	35	!
	36	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	37	! unused variables removed
	38	!
	39	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3174]	40	! Check for vertical stretching has been revised.
	41	!
	42	! 3139 2018-07-17 11:30:10Z Giersch
[3139]	43	! Bugfix in calculation of alpha_attack
	44	!
	45	! 3069 2018-06-15 07:56:09Z witha
[3069]	46	! Initialization of some arrays added
	47	!
	48	! 3066 2018-06-12 08:55:55Z Giersch
[3066]	49	! Error message revised
[3069]	50	!
[3066]	51	! 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch
[3065]	52	! dz was replaced by dz(1), error message concerning grid stretching has been
	53	! introduced
	54	!
	55	! 3049 2018-05-29 13:52:36Z Giersch
[3049]	56	! Error messages revised
	57	!
	58	! 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z Giersch
[2932]	59	! renamed wind_turbine_par to wind_turbine_parameters
	60	!
	61	! 2894 2018-03-15 09:17:58Z Giersch
[2894]	62	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was
	63	! found, reading of restart strings has been moved completely to
	64	! read_restart_data_mod, wind_turbine_prerun flag has been removed, redundant
	65	! skipping function has been removed, wtm_read/write_restart_data have been
	66	! renamed to wtm_r/wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global is called in
	67	! read_restart_data_mod now, marker * end wtm * was removed, strings and
	68	! their respective lengths are written out and read now in case of restart
	69	! runs to get rid of prescribed character lengths, CASE DEFAULT was added if
	70	! restart data is read
	71	!
	72	! 2885 2018-03-14 11:02:46Z Giersch
[2836]	73	! Bugfix in interpolation of lift and drag coefficients on fine grid of radius
	74	! segments and angles of attack, speed-up of the initialization of the wind
	75	! turbine model
	76	!
	77	! 2792 2018-02-07 06:45:29Z Giersch
[2792]	78	! omega_rot_l has to be calculated after determining the indices for the hub in
	79	! case of restart runs
	80	!
	81	! 2776 2018-01-31 10:44:42Z Giersch
[2776]	82	! wind_turbine_prerun flag is used to define if module
	83	! related parameters were outputted as restart data
	84	!
	85	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	86	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	87	!
	88	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	89	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	90	!
	91	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	92	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	93	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	94	!
	95	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2894]	96	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	97	! parameters during reading restart data
	98	!
	99	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	100	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	101	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	102	! defined
	103	!
	104	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	105	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	106	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	107	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	108	!
	109	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	110	! Revise error message PA0462
	111	!
	112	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	113	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	114	!
	115	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	116	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	117	!
[2343]	118	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	119	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	120	!
[2323]	121	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	122	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	123	!
	124	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	125	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	126	!
[2257]	127	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	128	!
[2233]	129	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	130	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	131	!
[2153]	132	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	133	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	134	! Addition of a tip loss model
	135	!
[2016]	136	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	137	! Bugfix of pitch control
	138	!
[2001]	139	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	140	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	141	!
[1930]	142	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	143	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	144	!
[1917]	145	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	146	! Initial revision
	147	!
[1819]	148	!
	149	! Description:
	150	! ------------
	151	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	152	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	153	!> (ADM-R).
	154	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	155	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	156	!> yaw.
	157	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	158	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	159	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	160	!> automatically).
	161	!>
[3065]	162	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	163	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	164	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	165	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	166	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	167	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	168	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	169	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	170	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	171	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	172	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	173	!
	174	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	175	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	176
	177	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	178	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	179
[3274]	180	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[2553]	181	ONLY: pi
[1819]	182
	183	USE control_parameters, &
[2669]	184	ONLY: coupling_char, dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
[2894]	185	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	186
	187	USE cpulog, &
	188	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	189
	190	USE grid_variables, &
	191	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	192
	193	USE indices, &
	194	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	195	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	196
	197	USE kinds
	198
	199	USE pegrid
	200
	201
	202	IMPLICIT NONE
	203
[1864]	204	PRIVATE
[1819]	205
	206	!
	207	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	208
[1864]	209	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	210	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	211
[1839]	212	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	213	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	214	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	215	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	216
[1839]	217	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	218	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	219	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	220	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	221	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	222	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	223
[1912]	224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
	233	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
	234	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	235
[1819]	236	!
	237	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	238	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	239
[1912]	240	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	241	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	242	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	243	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	244	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	245	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	246	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	247	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	248	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	249	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	250	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	251	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	252	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	253	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	254
[1912]	255
[1819]	256	!
	257	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	258
[1839]	259	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	260	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	261	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	262
[1819]	263	!
	264	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	265	TYPE file_status
	266	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	267	END TYPE file_status
	268
[1912]	269	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	270	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	271
	272	!
	273	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	274
[1839]	275	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	276	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	277	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	278	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	279	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	280
[1839]	281	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	282
[1912]	283	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	284	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	285	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	286	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	287	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	288	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	289	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	290	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	291
[1912]	292	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	293
[1912]	294	!
	295	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	296	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	297	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	298	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	299	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	300	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	301	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
	302	REAL(wp) :: sqrt_arg !<
[1819]	303
[1839]	304	!
	305	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	306	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	307	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	308	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	309	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	310
[1912]	311	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	312	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	313
[1912]	314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	316
[1912]	317	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	318	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	319
	320	!
	321	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	322
[1839]	323	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	324	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	325	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	326	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	327	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	328	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	329	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	330	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	331	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	332	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	333	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[1912]	334	!
	335	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	336	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	337	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	338	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	339	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[1819]	340
[1912]	341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	347	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	348	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	349	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	350
	351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	353
	354	!
	355	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	362
	363	!
	364	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	367	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	368
	369	!
	370	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	374
	375	!
	376	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	380
	381	!
	382	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	386	!
	387	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	389
[1839]	390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	399
[1839]	400	!
	401	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	402
[1912]	403	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	404
[1912]	405	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	406	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	407	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	408	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	409	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	410	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	411	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	412	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	413
[1864]	414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	415
[1839]	416	!
	417	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	418
[1912]	419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	426	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	427	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	428	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	429	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	430	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	431	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	432
[2563]	433	!
	434	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	437	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	438	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	439	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	440	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	441	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	442
[2563]	443
[1839]	444	SAVE
[1819]	445
[1839]	446
	447	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	448	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	449	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	450
[2894]	451	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	452	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	453	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	454
[2894]	455	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	456	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	457	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1912]	458
	459	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	460	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	461	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[1839]	462
	463	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	464	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	465	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	466
	467	INTERFACE wtm_init
	468	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	469	END INTERFACE wtm_init
	470
[1912]	471	INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
	472	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_blade_tables
	473	END INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	474
[1819]	475	INTERFACE wtm_forces
	476	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_forces
[2553]	477	END INTERFACE wtm_forces
	478
	479	INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1839]	480	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_yawcontrol
[2553]	481	END INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1864]	482
	483	INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	484	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rotate_rotor
	485	END INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	486
	487	INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
	488	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_speed_control
	489	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_speed_control
	490	END INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
[1819]	491
	492	INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
	493	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies
	494	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies_ij
	495	END INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
[1864]	496
	497
[1912]	498	PUBLIC wtm_check_parameters, wtm_forces, wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, &
[2894]	499	wtm_parin, wtm_wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global, wtm_tendencies
[1819]	500
[2563]	501
[1819]	502	CONTAINS
	503
	504
	505	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	506	! Description:
	507	! ------------
[1839]	508	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	509	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	510	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	511
	512
	513	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	514
	515	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
[1819]	516
[1839]	517	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	518
	519	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	520	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	521	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	522	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	523	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	524	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	525	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	526	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[2349]	527	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	528	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[2932]	529
	530	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
	531	air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
	532	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	533	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	534	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	535	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	536	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	537	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	538	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
	539	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
	540	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[1819]	541	!
[1839]	542	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	543	REWIND ( 11 )
	544	line = ' '
[3248]	545	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	546	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	547	ENDDO
	548	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	549
	550	!
	551	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	552	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10 )
[2932]	553	!
	554	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	555	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	556
[3246]	557	GOTO 14
[2932]	558
[3246]	559	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	560	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	561	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	562
[2932]	563	!
	564	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
[3246]	565	12 REWIND ( 11 )
[2932]	566	line = ' '
[3248]	567	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	568	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
[2932]	569	ENDDO
	570	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	571
	572	!
	573	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	574	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
[2932]	575
	576	message_string = 'namelist wind_tubrine_par is deprecated and will ' // &
[3046]	577	'be removed in near future. &Please use namelist ' // &
[2932]	578	'wind_turbine_parameters instead'
	579	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
	580
[1839]	581	!
	582	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	583	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	584
[3246]	585	GOTO 14
[2563]	586
[3246]	587	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	588	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	589	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_par', line )
[1839]	590
[3246]	591	14 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
	592
	593
[1839]	594	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	595
[2563]	596
	597	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	598	! Description:
	599	! ------------
[2894]	600	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	601	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	602	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	603
	604
[2563]	605	IMPLICIT NONE
[2776]	606
[2563]	607
[2894]	608	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	609	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	610
	611	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	612	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	613
	614	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	615	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	616
	617	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	618	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	619
	620	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	621	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	622
	623	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	624	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	625
	626	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	627	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	628
	629	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	630	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	631
	632	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	633	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	634
	635	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	636	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	637
[2563]	638
[2894]	639	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	640
	641
	642	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	643	! Description:
	644	! ------------
	645	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	646	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	647	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	648
	649
[2894]	650	USE control_parameters, &
	651	ONLY: length, restart_string
	652
	653
[2563]	654	IMPLICIT NONE
	655
[2894]	656	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	657
	658
[2894]	659	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	660
	661
[2894]	662	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	663
[2894]	664	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	665	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	666	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	667	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	668	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	669	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	670	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	671	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	672	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	673	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	674	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	675	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	676	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	677	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	678	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	679	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	680	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	681	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	682	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	683	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	684
[2894]	685	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	686
[2894]	687	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	688
[2894]	689	END SELECT
	690
[2563]	691
[2894]	692	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	693
	694
[2563]	695	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	696	! Description:
	697	! ------------
	698	!> Check namelist parameter
	699	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	700	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	701
	702
	703	IMPLICIT NONE
	704
	705	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	706	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	707	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	708	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	709	ENDIF
	710
[2322]	711	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	712	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2792]	713	'a value equal or larger than zero'
[2322]	714	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	715	ENDIF
	716
	717
	718	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	719	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	720	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	721
	722	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	723	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	724	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	725
	726	ENDIF
	727
	728
	729	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	730
	731
[1839]	732	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	733	! Description:
	734	! ------------
	735	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	736	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	737	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	738
	739
	740	IMPLICIT NONE
	741
[1864]	742	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	743	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	744
[1839]	745	!
	746	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	747	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	748
	749	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	750	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	751
	752	nrings(:) = 0
	753	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	754
	755	!
	756	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	757	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	758	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	759	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	760
	761	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	762	!
	763	!-- Determine number of rings:
	764	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	765
	766	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	767
	768	ENDDO
	769
	770	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	771
	772	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	773	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	774
	775	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	776	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	777
	778
	779	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	780	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	781	!
	782	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	783	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	784	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	785	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	786	ENDDO
	787	!
	788	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	789	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	790
	791	ENDDO
	792
	793	!
	794	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	795	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	796
[1864]	797	!!
	798	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	799	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	800	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	801	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	802	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	803	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	804	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	805	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	806	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	807	! ENDIF
[1819]	808
	809
	810	!
	811	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	812	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	813	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	814	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	815	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	816	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	817	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	818	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	819	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	820
	821	!
	822	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	823	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	824	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	825	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	826	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	827	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	828	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	829
	830	!
	831	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	832	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	833	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	834	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	835	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	836	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	837	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	838	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	839	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	840	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	841	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	842
	843	!
	844	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	845	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	846	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	847	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	848	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	849	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	850	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	851
	852	!
	853	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	854	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	855	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	856	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	857
	858	!
	859	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	860	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	861	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	862	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	863	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	864	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	865	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	866	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	867	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	868
	869	!
	870	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	871	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	872	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	873	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	874	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	875	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	876	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	877
	878	!
	879	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	880	i_hub(:) = 0
	881	i_smear(:) = 0
	882	j_hub(:) = 0
	883	j_smear(:) = 0
	884	k_hub(:) = 0
	885	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	886
[1819]	887	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	888	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	889
[2563]	890	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	891	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	892	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	893	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	894	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	895	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	896	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	897	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	898	ENDIF
	899
[1819]	900	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	901	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	902	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	903	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	904	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	905	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	906
	907	!
	908	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	909	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	910	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	911	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	912	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	913	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	914	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	915	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	916	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	917	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	918	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	919
	920	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	921	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	922	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	923	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	924	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	925	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	926
	927	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	928	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	929	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	930
[1912]	931	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	932	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	933	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	934	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	935	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	936	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	937	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	938	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	939
	940	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	941	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	942	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	943	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	944	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	945	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	946
	947
[1839]	948	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	949
	950
	951	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	952	! Description:
	953	! ------------
[1839]	954	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	955	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	956	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	957
[1839]	958
[3065]	959	USE control_parameters, &
	960	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	961
[1819]	962	IMPLICIT NONE
	963
	964	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	965	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	966	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	967
[1819]	968	!
[1864]	969	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	970	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	971
[1839]	972	!
[1864]	973	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	974	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	975	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
[1839]	976	!
[1864]	977	!-- Help variables for the calulaction of the nacelle drag
	978	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ip !<
	979	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ipg !<
	980
	981	REAL(wp) :: yvalue
	982	REAL(wp) :: dy_int !<
	983	REAL(wp) :: dz_int !<
	984
	985	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	986
	987	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	988	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	989	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	990	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	991
	992	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	993	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	994	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	995	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	996
[1839]	997	!
[1819]	998	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	999	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	1000	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	1001	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1002	!
[1839]	1003	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	1004	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	1005
[1839]	1006	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	1007	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	1008	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	1009	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	1010	!
[1839]	1011	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	1012	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	1013	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	1014	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	1015	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	1016	!
[3065]	1017	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	1018	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	1019	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	1020	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	1021	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	1022	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	1023	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	1024	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	1025	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	1026	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	1027	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	1028	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	1029	ENDIF
	1030	!
[1819]	1031	!-- Square of eps_min:
	1032	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	1033	!
	1034	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	1035	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	1036	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	1037	!
[1839]	1038	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	1039	!-- function:
	1040	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	1041
[1864]	1042	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	1043	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	1044
[1819]	1045	!
[1864]	1046	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	1047	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1048	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1049	ENDIF
[1819]	1050
[1864]	1051
[1819]	1052	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1053	!
[1864]	1054	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1055	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1056
	1057	!
	1058	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1059	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1060	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	1061	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	1062
	1063	!
	1064	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1065	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1066	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1067	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1068	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1069	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	1070	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	1071
[1819]	1072	ENDDO
	1073
	1074	!
[2792]	1075	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1076	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1077	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1078
	1079	CALL wtm_speed_control
	1080
	1081	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1082
	1083	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1084
	1085	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1086	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1087	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1088	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1089	ENDIF
	1090
	1091	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1092	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1093	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1094	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1095	ENDIF
	1096
	1097	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1098	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1099	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1100	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1101	ENDIF
	1102
	1103	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1104	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1105	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1106	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1107	ENDIF
	1108
	1109	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1110	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1111
	1112	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1113
	1114	ENDIF
	1115	ENDIF
	1116
	1117	END DO
	1118
	1119	ENDIF
	1120
	1121	ENDIF
	1122
	1123	!
[1819]	1124	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1125	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1126	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1127	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1128	!
	1129	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1130	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1131
	1132	!
	1133	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1134	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1135	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1136
	1137	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1138
	1139	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1140
[1839]	1141
	1142	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1143	!
[1839]	1144	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1145	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1146	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1147	i = i_hub(inot)
	1148
	1149	!
[1839]	1150	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1151	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1152	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1153	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1154	!
[1839]	1155	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1156	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1157	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1158	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1159	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1160	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1161	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1162
	1163	!
	1164	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1165	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1166	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1167	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1168
	1169	!
	1170	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1171	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1172	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1173
	1174	DO j = nys, nyn
	1175	!
[1839]	1176	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1177	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1178
[1819]	1179	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1180
	1181	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1182	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1183	!
[1819]	1184	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1185	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1186	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1187	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1188	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1189	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1190	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1191	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1192	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1193	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1194	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1195	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1196	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1197	!
	1198	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1199	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1200	ELSE
[1912]	1201	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1202	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1203	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1204	ENDIF
	1205	!
	1206	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1207	ELSE
[3065]	1208	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1209	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1210	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1211	ENDIF
[1839]	1212	!
	1213	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1214	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1215	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1216
[1839]	1217	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1218	!
[1819]	1219	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1220	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1221	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1222	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1223	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1224	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1225	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1226	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1227	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1228	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1229	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1230	!
	1231	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1232	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1233	ELSE
[3065]	1234	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1235	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1236	ENDIF
[1839]	1237	!
[1819]	1238	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1239	ELSE
[3065]	1240	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1241	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1242	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1243
	1244	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1245
	1246	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1247
	1248	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1249
	1250	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1251
	1252	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1253
[1839]	1254
[1912]	1255	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1256
[1839]	1257	!
[1864]	1258	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1259	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1260	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1261	!!
	1262	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1263	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1264	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1265	!
	1266	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1267	!
	1268	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1269	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1270	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1271	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1272	!!
	1273	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1274	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1275	!!
	1276	!!-- top intersection point
	1277	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1278	! ELSE
	1279	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1280	! ENDIF
	1281	! ENDDO
	1282	!
	1283	!
	1284	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1285	!!
	1286	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1287	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1288	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1289	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1290	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1291	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1292	!!
	1293	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1294	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1295	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1296	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1297	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1298	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1299	!!
	1300	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1301	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1302	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1303	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1304	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1305	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1306	! dz_int = dz
	1307	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1308	!!
	1309	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1310	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1311	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1312	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1313	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1314	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1315	! ENDIF
	1316	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1317	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1318	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1319	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1320	! ENDIF
	1321	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1322	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1323	! ENDIF
	1324	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1325	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1326	! ENDIF
	1327	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1328	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1329	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1330	! ENDIF
	1331	! ENDDO
	1332	! ENDIF
	1333	! ENDDO
	1334	! ENDIF
[1819]	1335	!
[1864]	1336	! ENDDO
[1819]	1337	!
[1912]	1338	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1339
[1864]	1340	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1341
[3065]	1342	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1343	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1344
[1912]	1345	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	1346
[1864]	1347	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1348
	1349
[1819]	1350	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1351	! Description:
	1352	! ------------
	1353	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1354	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1355	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1356	!
	1357	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1358
[1839]	1359
[1864]	1360	IMPLICIT NONE
	1361
	1362	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1363	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1364
[1864]	1365	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1366
	1367	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1368
[1864]	1369	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1370	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1371	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1372	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1373	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1374	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1375	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1376	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1377	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1378	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1379
[1864]	1380	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1381	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1382	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1383
[1864]	1384	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1385	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1386
[1864]	1387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1392
[1864]	1393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1398
[1864]	1399	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1400
[1864]	1401	!
	1402	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1403	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1404
[2323]	1405	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1406
	1407	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1408	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1409	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1410	ENDIF
	1411	!
	1412	!-- Read distribution table:
	1413
	1414	dlen = 0
	1415
[2323]	1416	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1417
	1418	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1419	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1420	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1421	dlen = dlen + 1
	1422	ENDDO rloop3
	1423
	1424	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1425
	1426	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1427	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1428	ENDDO
	1429
	1430	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1431	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1432	ENDDO
	1433
	1434	!
	1435	!-- Read layout table:
	1436
[1839]	1437	dlen = 0
[1864]	1438
[2323]	1439	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1440
[1843]	1441	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1442	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1443	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1444	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1445	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1446
[1839]	1447	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1448	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1449	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1450	ENDDO
	1451	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1452	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1453	ENDDO
[1819]	1454
[1864]	1455	!
	1456	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1457
[1864]	1458	dlen = 0
	1459
[2323]	1460	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1461
[1843]	1462	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1463	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1464	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1465	dlen = dlen + 1
	1466	ENDDO rloop2
	1467
[1912]	1468	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1469	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1470
	1471	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1472	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1473	ENDDO
	1474
[1839]	1475	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1476	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1477	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1478	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1479	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1480	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1481	ENDDO
[1864]	1482
[1839]	1483	ENDDO
[1864]	1484
	1485	dlenbl = dlen
	1486
[2323]	1487	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1488
[1864]	1489	!
[2836]	1490	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1491	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1492	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1493	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1494	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1495
[2836]	1496	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1497	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1498	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1499	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1500
[1864]	1501	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1502	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1503
[2836]	1504	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1505	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1506
[2836]	1507	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1508
[2836]	1509	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1510	!
	1511	!-- Find position in table 1
	1512	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1513	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1514
[2836]	1515	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1516	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1517	ENDIF
[1864]	1518
[2836]	1519	trow = lct(1)
	1520	!
	1521	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1522	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1523	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1524	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1525	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1526
[2836]	1527	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1528	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1529	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
	1530	ENDIF
	1531
	1532	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1533	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1534	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1535	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1536	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1537
	1538	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180Â° (iialpha=1) the values
	1539	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1540	! explicitly
	1541	ELSE
	1542	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1543	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1544	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1545	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1546	!
	1547	!-- For -180Â° (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
	1548	!-- explicitly
	1549	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1550	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1551	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1552	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1553	ENDIF
	1554
	1555	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1556
[1864]	1557	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1558	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1559
[2152]	1560	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1561	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1562	ENDDO
[1819]	1563
[1864]	1564	!
[1912]	1565	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1566	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1567
[1912]	1568	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1569	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1570	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1571	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1572	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1573	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1574	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1575	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1576	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1577	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1578	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1579	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1580	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1581	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1582	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1583	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1584	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1585	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1586	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1587	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1588	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1589	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1590	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1591	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1592
[1912]	1593	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1594
	1595	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1596
[2836]	1597
[1912]	1598	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1599
	1600
[1864]	1601	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1602	! Description:
	1603	! ------------
	1604	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1605	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1606	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1607	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1608
[1864]	1609
	1610	IMPLICIT NONE
	1611
	1612	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1613	!
	1614	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1615	!-- the rotors
	1616	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1617	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1618	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1619
	1620	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1621	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1622	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1623
	1624	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1625	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1626	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1627
[1864]	1628	!
	1629	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1630	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1631
[1912]	1632	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1633	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1634	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1635	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1636	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1637	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1638	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1639	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1640	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1641	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1642	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1643	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1644	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1645	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1646	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1647	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1648	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1649	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1650	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1651	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1652	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1653	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1654	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1655	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1656
[1864]	1657	!
	1658	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1659	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1660	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1661	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1662	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1663
	1664	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1665
	1666
[1819]	1667	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1668	! Description:
	1669	! ------------
[1839]	1670	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1671	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1672	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1673
[1864]	1674
[1819]	1675	IMPLICIT NONE
	1676
[2669]	1677	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1678
[1839]	1679	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1680	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1681	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1682	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1683	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1684	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1685
[2232]	1686	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1687	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1688	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1689
	1690	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1691	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1692
	1693	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1694
	1695
[1839]	1696	!
[1819]	1697	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1698	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1699
[3241]	1700	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1701	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1702
	1703	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1704
	1705
[1864]	1706	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1707
	1708
	1709	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1710
[1864]	1711	!
[1819]	1712	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1713	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1714	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1715	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1716	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1717	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1718	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1719	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1720	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1721	!
	1722	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1723	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1724
	1725	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1726	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1727	!
[1839]	1728	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1729	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1730
	1731	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1732	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1733	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1734	!
	1735	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1736	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1737
	1738	!
[1839]	1739	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1740	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1741	!
[1864]	1742	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1743	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1744	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1745	!
[1864]	1746	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1747	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1748	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1749	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1750	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1751	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1752
[1864]	1753	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1754	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1755	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1756	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1757	re(3) = sin_rot
	1758
	1759	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1760	!
	1761	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1762	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1763	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1764	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1765
[1864]	1766	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1767	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1768	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1769	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1770	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1771
	1772	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1773	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1774
	1775	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1776	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1777
	1778	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1779	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1780
	1781	!
	1782	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1783
	1784	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1785	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1786	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1787	!
[1864]	1788	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1789	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1790	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1791	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1792
[1839]	1793	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1794	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1795	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1796	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1797	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1798	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1799	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1800	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1801	gg = dx * dy
	1802
[1864]	1803	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1804	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1805	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1806	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1807	) / gg
	1808
[1864]	1809	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1810	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1811	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1812	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1813	) / gg
	1814
[1864]	1815	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	1816	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1817	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1818
	1819	ELSE
	1820	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1821	ENDIF
	1822	ELSE
	1823	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1824	ENDIF
	1825
	1826
	1827	!
	1828	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1829	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1830	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	1831	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1832	!
[1864]	1833	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1834	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1835	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1836	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1837
[1839]	1838	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1839	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1840	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1841	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1842	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1843	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1844	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1845	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1846	gg = dx * dy
	1847
[1864]	1848	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1849	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1850	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1851	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1852	) / gg
	1853
[1864]	1854	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1855	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1856	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1857	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1858	) / gg
	1859
[1864]	1860	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	1861	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1862	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1863
	1864	ELSE
	1865	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1866	ENDIF
	1867	ELSE
	1868	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1869	ENDIF
	1870
	1871
	1872	!
	1873	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1874	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1875	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1876	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	1877	!
[1864]	1878	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1879	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1880	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1881	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1882
[1839]	1883	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1884	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1885	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1886	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1887	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1888	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1889	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1890	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1891	gg = dx * dy
	1892
[1864]	1893	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1894	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1895	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1896	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1897	) / gg
	1898
[1864]	1899	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1900	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1901	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1902	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1903	) / gg
	1904
[1864]	1905	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	1906	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1907	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1908	ELSE
	1909	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1910	ENDIF
	1911	ELSE
	1912	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1913	ENDIF
	1914
	1915	ENDDO
	1916	ENDDO
	1917
	1918	ENDDO
	1919
	1920	!
	1921	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1922	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1923	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1924	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1925	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1926	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1927	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1928	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1929	#else
	1930	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1931	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1932	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1933	#endif
	1934
	1935
	1936	!
	1937	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1938
[1819]	1939	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1940	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1941
[1912]	1942	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1943	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1944	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1945	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1946	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1947	ELSE
	1948	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1949	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1950	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1951	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1952	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1953	ENDIF
[1819]	1954	ENDIF
	1955
[1839]	1956	!
	1957	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1958	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1959	!
	1960	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1961	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1962	!
	1963	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1964	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1965	!
[1839]	1966	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1967	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1968	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1969	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1970	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1971	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1972	!
[1839]	1973	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1974	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1975	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1976	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1977	re(3) = sin_rot
	1978
[1864]	1979	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	1980	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	1981	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	1982	rea(3) = cos_rot
	1983
	1984	!
[1864]	1985	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	1986	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	1987	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	1988	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	1989	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	1990	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	1991	!
	1992	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	1993	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	1994	!-- tilt:
[1819]	1995	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1996	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	1997	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	1998	!
	1999	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	2000	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	2001
	2002	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2003
	2004	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2005
	2006	!
[1864]	2007	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2008	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2009	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2010	!
[1864]	2011	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2012	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2013	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2014	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2015	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2016	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2017	!
	2018	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2019	!
[1819]	2020	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2021	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2022	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2023	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2024	!
[1864]	2025	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2026	!-- direction:
	2027	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2028	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2029	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2030	!
[1864]	2031	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2032	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2033
[1864]	2034	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	2035	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2036	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2037
	2038	!
[1864]	2039	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2040	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2041
	2042	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2043	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2044
	2045	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2046	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2047	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2048	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2049	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2050	ELSE
[1864]	2051	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2052	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2053	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2054	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2055	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2056	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2057	ENDIF
	2058
	2059	!
[1864]	2060	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2061	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2062	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2063	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2064	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2065	!
[1864]	2066	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2067	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2068	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2069	!
[1864]	2070	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2071	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2072	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2073	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2074	!
[1864]	2075	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2076	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2077
	2078	!
[1864]	2079	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2080	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2081	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2082	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2083	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2084
	2085	!
[1864]	2086	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2087	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2088	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2089	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2090
	2091	!
[1864]	2092	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2093	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2094
	2095	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2096	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2097	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2098	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2099	ELSE
[1864]	2100	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2101	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2102	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2103	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2104	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2105	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2106	ENDIF
	2107
	2108	!
	2109	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2110	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2111	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2112	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2113	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2114	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2115	!
	2116	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2117	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2118	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2119	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2120	!
[1864]	2121	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2122	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2123	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2124	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2125
	2126	!
[1864]	2127	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2128	!-- angles given in radian:
	2129	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2130	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2131
[2152]	2132	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2133
	2134	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2135	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2136	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2137	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2138	!--
	2139	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2140	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2141	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2142
	2143	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2144
[2894]	2145	ENDIF
[1819]	2146	!
	2147	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2148	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2149	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2150
	2151	!
[1864]	2152	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2153
	2154	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2155	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2156
	2157	!
[1864]	2158	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2159	!-- for each ring segment:
	2160	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2161	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2162	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2163
	2164	!
[1864]	2165	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2166	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2167	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2168	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2169	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2170	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2171	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2172	!
	2173	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2174	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2175	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2176
	2177	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2178	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2179
[1912]	2180	!
	2181	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
	2182	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2183	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2184
	2185
[1819]	2186	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
	2187
[1864]	2188	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2189
	2190	!
[1864]	2191	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2192	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2193	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2194	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2195	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2196
	2197
[1864]	2198	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[1819]	2199
	2200
[1864]	2201	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2202
[1912]	2203
	2204	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2205	!
	2206	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2207
	2208	!
	2209	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2210	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2211	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2212	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2213	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2214	( inertia_rot + &
	2215	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2216
[1912]	2217	!
	2218	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2219	!-- and rotor speed
	2220	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2221
	2222	ENDIF
	2223
[1864]	2224	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2225
[1912]	2226	!
	2227	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2228	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2229	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2230	!-- gain
	2231	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2232	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2233	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2234	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2235	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2236	!
	2237	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2238	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2239	ENDIF
[1912]	2240
	2241	!
	2242	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2243	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2244	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2245	ENDIF
[1912]	2246	EXIT pit_loop
	2247	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2248
[1864]	2249
[1819]	2250	!
[1864]	2251	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2252
[1819]	2253	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2254	!
[1864]	2255	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2256	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2257	THEN
	2258	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2259	THEN
[1864]	2260	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2261	ENDIF
[1912]	2262	ENDIF
[1864]	2263
[1819]	2264	ENDIF
	2265
	2266
[1864]	2267	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2268
[1864]	2269	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2270
	2271
[1864]	2272	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2273	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2274	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2275	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2276	!
[1864]	2277	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2278	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2279	!
	2280	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2281	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2282	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2283	!-- consideration
[1819]	2284	!
[1864]	2285	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2286	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2287	!
	2288	!--
	2289	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2290	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2291	eps_min ) / dx )
	2292	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2293	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2294
[1864]	2295	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2296	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2297	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2298	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2299	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2300	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2301	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2302	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2303	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2304	!
[2232]	2305	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2306	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2307
	2308	!
[1819]	2309	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2310	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2311	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2312	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2313	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2314	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2315	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2316	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2317	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2318	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2319	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2320
	2321	!
	2322	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2323	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2324	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2325	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2326	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2327	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2328	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2329	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2330	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2331	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2332	flag
[1819]	2333	ENDIF
	2334	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2335	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2336	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2337	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2338	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2339	flag
[1819]	2340	ENDIF
	2341	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2342	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2343	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2344	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2345	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2346	flag
[1819]	2347	ENDIF
	2348
	2349	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2350	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2351
	2352	!
	2353	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2354	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2355	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2356	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2357	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2358	) * flag
[1819]	2359
[2232]	2360	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2361	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2362	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2363	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2364	) * flag
[1819]	2365
[2232]	2366	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2367	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2368	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2369	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2370	) * flag
[1819]	2371
	2372	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2373	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2374	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
	2375
[1864]	2376	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2377
[1912]	2378	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2379
	2380
	2381	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2382	!
	2383	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2384	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2385	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2386	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2387	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2388	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2389	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2390
[1864]	2391	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2392	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2393	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2394	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2395	start_up = .FALSE.
	2396	ENDIF
	2397
	2398	!
	2399	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2400	!--
	2401	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2402	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2403	!
	2404	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2405	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2406	THEN
	2407	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2408	THEN
[1864]	2409
[1819]	2410	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2411
[1912]	2412	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2413	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2414	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2415	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2416	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2417
	2418	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2419
[1819]	2420	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2421
[1819]	2422	ENDIF
	2423	ENDIF
	2424
[1864]	2425	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2426
	2427	!
[1929]	2428	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2429	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2430	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2431	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2432	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2433	comm2d, ierr )
	2434	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2435	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2436	#else
	2437	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2438	wdir = wdir_l
	2439	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2440
	2441
[1929]	2442	#endif
[1819]	2443	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2444	!
	2445	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2446	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2447
	2448	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2449
[2894]	2450	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2451
	2452	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2453	!
	2454	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2455	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2456	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2457	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2458	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2459	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2460	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2461	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2462	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2463	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2464	#else
	2465	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2466	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2467	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2468	#endif
[1864]	2469
	2470	ENDIF
[1819]	2471
	2472	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2473
	2474	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2475	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2476	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2477	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2478	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2479	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2480	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2481	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2482	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2483	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2484
[1819]	2485	ELSE
	2486
[2669]	2487	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2488	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2489	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2490	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2491	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2492	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2493	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2494	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2495	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2496	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2497	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2498	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2499	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2500	ENDIF
	2501	ENDIF
	2502
[1912]	2503	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2504	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2505	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2506
	2507	ENDIF
	2508
[1864]	2509	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2510
[1912]	2511	!
	2512	!-- Formats
[1819]	2513	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2514	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2515	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2516	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2517	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2518
[1864]	2519	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2520	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2521
	2522
	2523	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2524
	2525
[1839]	2526	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2527	! Description:
	2528	! ------------
	2529	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2530	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2531	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2532
[1819]	2533	USE kinds
[1839]	2534
	2535	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2536
	2537	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2538	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2539	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2540
	2541	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2542
	2543	!
[1864]	2544	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2545	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
	2546	!-- 5Â°, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2547	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5Â°.
	2548	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2549	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2550	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2551	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2552	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2553	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2554	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2555	!
	2556	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2557	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2558	!
[1864]	2559	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2560	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2561	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2562	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2563	!
[1864]	2564	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2565	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2566
	2567	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2568	!
[1864]	2569	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2570	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2571	!
[1864]	2572	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2573	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2574	!
[1864]	2575	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2576	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2577	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2578	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2579	ENDIF
	2580	ENDIF
	2581
	2582	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2583
	2584	!
[1864]	2585	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2586	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2587	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2588
	2589	ELSE
	2590	!
	2591	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2592	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2593	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2594	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2595	!
[1864]	2596	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2597	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2598	!
	2599	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2600	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2601	!
	2602	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2603	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2604	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2605	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2606	!
	2607	!-- Continue yawing
	2608	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2609	ELSE
[1864]	2610	!
	2611	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2612	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2613	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2614	ENDIF
	2615	ELSE
[1864]	2616	!
	2617	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2618	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2619	ENDIF
	2620
	2621	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2622
	2623	ENDIF
	2624
[1839]	2625	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2626
[1864]	2627
[1819]	2628	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2629	! Description:
	2630	! ------------
[1864]	2631	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2632	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2633	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2634
	2635
	2636	IMPLICIT NONE
	2637
	2638	!
	2639	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2640	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2641	!
	2642	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2643	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2644	!
	2645	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2646	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2647	!
	2648	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2649	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2650	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2651	!
	2652	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2653	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2654	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2655	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2656	!
	2657	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2658	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2659	!
	2660	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2661	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2662	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2663	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2664	ENDIF
[1864]	2665
	2666	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2667
	2668
	2669	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2670	! Description:
	2671	! ------------
	2672	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2673	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2674	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2675
	2676
	2677	IMPLICIT NONE
	2678
[1912]	2679	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2680
	2681
[1864]	2682
	2683	!
	2684	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2685	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2686	!-- offshore system developement"
	2687
	2688	!
	2689	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2690	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2691	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2692	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2693	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2694
	2695	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2696	!
	2697	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2698	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2699
	2700	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2701	!
	2702	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2703	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2704
	2705	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2706	!
	2707	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2708	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2709	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2710
	2711	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2712	!
	2713	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2714	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2715
	2716	ELSE
	2717	!
	2718	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2719	!-- keep the power constant:
	2720	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2721
	2722	ENDIF
	2723	!
	2724	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2725	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2726	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2727	!
	2728	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2729	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2730	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2731	!
	2732	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2733	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2734
	2735
	2736	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2737
	2738
	2739	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2740	! Description:
	2741	! ------------
[1839]	2742	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2743	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2744	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2745	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2746	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies( component )
	2747
[1839]	2748
[1819]	2749	IMPLICIT NONE
	2750
[1839]	2751	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2752	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2753	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2754	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2755
	2756
	2757	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2758
	2759	CASE ( 1 )
	2760	!
	2761	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2762	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2763	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2764	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2765	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2766	!
[1864]	2767	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2768	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2769	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2770	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2771	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2772
[2232]	2773	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2774	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2775	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2776	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2777	ENDDO
	2778	ENDDO
	2779	ENDDO
	2780	ENDIF
	2781
	2782	CASE ( 2 )
	2783	!
	2784	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2785	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2786	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2787	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2788	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2789	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2790	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2791	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2792	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2793	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2794	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2795	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2796	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2797	ENDDO
	2798	ENDDO
	2799	ENDDO
	2800	ENDIF
	2801
	2802	CASE ( 3 )
	2803	!
	2804	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2805	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2806	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2807	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2808	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2809	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2810	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2811	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2812	ENDDO
	2813	ENDDO
	2814	ENDDO
	2815	ENDIF
	2816
	2817
	2818	CASE DEFAULT
	2819
	2820	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2821	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2822
	2823	END SELECT
	2824
	2825
	2826	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies
	2827
	2828
	2829	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2830	! Description:
	2831	! ------------
[1839]	2832	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2833	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2834	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2835	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2836	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij( i, j, component )
	2837
	2838
	2839	IMPLICIT NONE
	2840
[1839]	2841	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2842	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2843	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2844	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2845
	2846	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2847
	2848	CASE ( 1 )
	2849	!
	2850	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2851	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2852	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2853	!
[1839]	2854	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2855	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2856	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2857	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2858	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2859	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2860	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2861	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2862	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2863	ENDDO
	2864	ENDIF
	2865
	2866	CASE ( 2 )
	2867	!
	2868	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2869	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2870	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2871	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2872	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2873	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2874	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2875	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2876	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2877	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2878	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2879	ENDDO
[1819]	2880	ENDIF
	2881
	2882	CASE ( 3 )
	2883	!
	2884	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2885	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2886	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2887	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2888	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2889	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2890	ENDDO
	2891	ENDIF
	2892
	2893
	2894	CASE DEFAULT
	2895
	2896	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2897	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2898
	2899	END SELECT
	2900
	2901
	2902	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij
	2903
	2904	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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