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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 3256

Last change on this file since 3256 was 3248, checked in by sward, 6 years ago
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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2718]	17	! Copyright 2009-2018 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
	18	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[3139]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z suehring $
[3248]	28	! Minor formating changes
	29	!
	30	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	31	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	32	!
	33	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	34	! unused variables removed
	35	!
	36	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3174]	37	! Check for vertical stretching has been revised.
	38	!
	39	! 3139 2018-07-17 11:30:10Z Giersch
[3139]	40	! Bugfix in calculation of alpha_attack
	41	!
	42	! 3069 2018-06-15 07:56:09Z witha
[3069]	43	! Initialization of some arrays added
	44	!
	45	! 3066 2018-06-12 08:55:55Z Giersch
[3066]	46	! Error message revised
[3069]	47	!
[3066]	48	! 3065 2018-06-12 07:03:02Z Giersch
[3065]	49	! dz was replaced by dz(1), error message concerning grid stretching has been
	50	! introduced
	51	!
	52	! 3049 2018-05-29 13:52:36Z Giersch
[3049]	53	! Error messages revised
	54	!
	55	! 2932 2018-03-26 09:39:22Z Giersch
[2932]	56	! renamed wind_turbine_par to wind_turbine_parameters
	57	!
	58	! 2894 2018-03-15 09:17:58Z Giersch
[2894]	59	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was
	60	! found, reading of restart strings has been moved completely to
	61	! read_restart_data_mod, wind_turbine_prerun flag has been removed, redundant
	62	! skipping function has been removed, wtm_read/write_restart_data have been
	63	! renamed to wtm_r/wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global is called in
	64	! read_restart_data_mod now, marker * end wtm * was removed, strings and
	65	! their respective lengths are written out and read now in case of restart
	66	! runs to get rid of prescribed character lengths, CASE DEFAULT was added if
	67	! restart data is read
	68	!
	69	! 2885 2018-03-14 11:02:46Z Giersch
[2836]	70	! Bugfix in interpolation of lift and drag coefficients on fine grid of radius
	71	! segments and angles of attack, speed-up of the initialization of the wind
	72	! turbine model
	73	!
	74	! 2792 2018-02-07 06:45:29Z Giersch
[2792]	75	! omega_rot_l has to be calculated after determining the indices for the hub in
	76	! case of restart runs
	77	!
	78	! 2776 2018-01-31 10:44:42Z Giersch
[2776]	79	! wind_turbine_prerun flag is used to define if module
	80	! related parameters were outputted as restart data
	81	!
	82	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	83	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	84	!
	85	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	86	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	87	!
	88	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	89	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	90	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	91	!
	92	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2894]	93	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	94	! parameters during reading restart data
	95	!
	96	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	97	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	98	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	99	! defined
	100	!
	101	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	102	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	103	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	104	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	105	!
	106	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	107	! Revise error message PA0462
	108	!
	109	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	110	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	111	!
	112	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	113	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	114	!
[2343]	115	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	116	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	117	!
[2323]	118	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	119	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	120	!
	121	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	122	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	123	!
[2257]	124	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	125	!
[2233]	126	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	127	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	128	!
[2153]	129	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	130	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	131	! Addition of a tip loss model
	132	!
[2016]	133	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	134	! Bugfix of pitch control
	135	!
[2001]	136	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	137	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	138	!
[1930]	139	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	140	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	141	!
[1917]	142	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	143	! Initial revision
	144	!
[1819]	145	!
	146	! Description:
	147	! ------------
	148	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	149	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	150	!> (ADM-R).
	151	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	152	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	153	!> yaw.
	154	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	155	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	156	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	157	!> automatically).
	158	!>
[3065]	159	!> @todo Replace dz(1) appropriatly to account for grid stretching
[1819]	160	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	161	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	162	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	163	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	164	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	165	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	166	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	167	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	168	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	169	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	170	!
	171	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	172	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	173
	174	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	175	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	176
[2553]	177	USE constants, &
	178	ONLY: pi
[1819]	179
	180	USE control_parameters, &
[2669]	181	ONLY: coupling_char, dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
[2894]	182	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	183
	184	USE cpulog, &
	185	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	186
	187	USE grid_variables, &
	188	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	189
	190	USE indices, &
	191	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	192	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	193
	194	USE kinds
	195
	196	USE pegrid
	197
	198
	199	IMPLICIT NONE
	200
[1864]	201	PRIVATE
[1819]	202
	203	!
	204	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	205
[1864]	206	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	207	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	208
[1839]	209	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	210	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	211	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	212	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	213
[1839]	214	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	215	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	216	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	217	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	218	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	219	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	220
[1912]	221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	224	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
	230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
	231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	232
[1819]	233	!
	234	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	235	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	236
[1912]	237	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	238	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	239	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	240	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	241	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	242	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	243	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	244	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	245	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	246	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	247	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	248	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	249	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	250	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	251
[1912]	252
[1819]	253	!
	254	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	255
[1839]	256	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	257	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	258	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	259
[1819]	260	!
	261	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	262	TYPE file_status
	263	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	264	END TYPE file_status
	265
[1912]	266	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	267	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	268
	269	!
	270	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	271
[1839]	272	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	273	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	274	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	275	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	276	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	277
[1839]	278	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	279
[1912]	280	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	281	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	282	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	283	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	284	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	285	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	286	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	287	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	288
[1912]	289	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	290
[1912]	291	!
	292	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	293	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	294	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	295	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	296	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	297	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	298	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
	299	REAL(wp) :: sqrt_arg !<
[1819]	300
[1839]	301	!
	302	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	303	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	304	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	305	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	306	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	307
[1912]	308	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	309	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	310
[1912]	311	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	312	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	313
[1912]	314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	316
	317	!
	318	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	319
[1839]	320	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	321	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	322	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	323	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	324	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	325	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	326	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	327	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	328	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	329	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	330	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[1912]	331	!
	332	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	333	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	334	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	335	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	336	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[1819]	337
[1912]	338	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	339	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	347
	348	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	349	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	350
	351	!
	352	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	353	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	354	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	359
	360	!
	361	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	365
	366	!
	367	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	368	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	371
	372	!
	373	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	374	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	377
	378	!
	379	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	383	!
	384	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	386
[1839]	387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	396
[1839]	397	!
	398	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	399
[1912]	400	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	401
[1912]	402	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	403	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	404	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	405	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	406	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	407	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	408	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	409	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	410
[1864]	411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	412
[1839]	413	!
	414	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	415
[1912]	416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	418	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	422	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	425	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	426	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	427	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	428	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	429
[2563]	430	!
	431	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	432	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	433	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	434	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	435	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	436	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	437	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	438	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	439
[2563]	440
[1839]	441	SAVE
[1819]	442
[1839]	443
	444	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	445	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	446	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	447
[2894]	448	INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
	449	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_wrd_global
	450	END INTERFACE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	451
[2894]	452	INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
	453	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rrd_global
	454	END INTERFACE wtm_rrd_global
[1912]	455
	456	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	457	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	458	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[1839]	459
	460	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	461	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	462	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	463
	464	INTERFACE wtm_init
	465	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	466	END INTERFACE wtm_init
	467
[1912]	468	INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
	469	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_blade_tables
	470	END INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	471
[1819]	472	INTERFACE wtm_forces
	473	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_forces
[2553]	474	END INTERFACE wtm_forces
	475
	476	INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1839]	477	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_yawcontrol
[2553]	478	END INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1864]	479
	480	INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	481	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rotate_rotor
	482	END INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	483
	484	INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
	485	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_speed_control
	486	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_speed_control
	487	END INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
[1819]	488
	489	INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
	490	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies
	491	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies_ij
	492	END INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
[1864]	493
	494
[1912]	495	PUBLIC wtm_check_parameters, wtm_forces, wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, &
[2894]	496	wtm_parin, wtm_wrd_global, wtm_rrd_global, wtm_tendencies
[1819]	497
[2563]	498
[1819]	499	CONTAINS
	500
	501
	502	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	503	! Description:
	504	! ------------
[1839]	505	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	506	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	507	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	508
	509
	510	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	511
	512	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
[1819]	513
[1839]	514	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	515
	516	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	517	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	518	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	519	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	520	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	521	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	522	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	523	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[2349]	524	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	525	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[2932]	526
	527	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_parameters/ &
	528	air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
	529	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
	530	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
	531	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
	532	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
	533	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	534	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
	535	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
	536	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
	537	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[1819]	538	!
[1839]	539	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	540	REWIND ( 11 )
	541	line = ' '
[3248]	542	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_parameters' ) == 0 )
[3246]	543	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
[1839]	544	ENDDO
	545	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	546
	547	!
	548	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	549	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_parameters, ERR = 10 )
[2932]	550	!
	551	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	552	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	553
[3246]	554	GOTO 14
[2932]	555
[3246]	556	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	557	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	558	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_parameters', line )
[3246]	559
[2932]	560	!
	561	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
[3246]	562	12 REWIND ( 11 )
[2932]	563	line = ' '
[3248]	564	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	565	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
[2932]	566	ENDDO
	567	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	568
	569	!
	570	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[3246]	571	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
[2932]	572
	573	message_string = 'namelist wind_tubrine_par is deprecated and will ' // &
[3046]	574	'be removed in near future. &Please use namelist ' // &
[2932]	575	'wind_turbine_parameters instead'
	576	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
	577
[1839]	578	!
	579	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	580	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	581
[3246]	582	GOTO 14
[2563]	583
[3246]	584	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	585	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	586	CALL parin_fail_message( 'wind_turbine_par', line )
[1839]	587
[3246]	588	14 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
	589
	590
[1839]	591	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	592
[2563]	593
	594	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	595	! Description:
	596	! ------------
[2894]	597	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
[2576]	598	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	599	SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2576]	600
	601
[2563]	602	IMPLICIT NONE
[2776]	603
[2563]	604
[2894]	605	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen' )
[2563]	606	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
[2894]	607
	608	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f' )
[2563]	609	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
[2894]	610
	611	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
[2563]	612	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2894]	613
	614	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_gen_old' )
[2563]	615	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
[2894]	616
	617	CALL wrd_write_string( 'omega_rot' )
[2563]	618	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
[2894]	619
	620	CALL wrd_write_string( 'phi_yaw' )
	621	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw
	622
	623	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add' )
[2563]	624	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
[2894]	625
	626	CALL wrd_write_string( 'pitch_add_old' )
[2563]	627	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
[2894]	628
	629	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen' )
[2563]	630	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
[2894]	631
	632	CALL wrd_write_string( 'torque_gen_old' )
[2563]	633	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
[2894]	634
[2563]	635
[2894]	636	END SUBROUTINE wtm_wrd_global
[2563]	637
	638
	639	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	640	! Description:
	641	! ------------
	642	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	643	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	644	SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global( found )
[2563]	645
	646
[2894]	647	USE control_parameters, &
	648	ONLY: length, restart_string
	649
	650
[2563]	651	IMPLICIT NONE
	652
[2894]	653	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
[2563]	654
	655
[2894]	656	found = .TRUE.
[2563]	657
	658
[2894]	659	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[2563]	660
[2894]	661	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	662	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	663	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	664	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
	665	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	666	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
	667	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	668	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	669	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	670	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	671	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	672	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	673	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	674	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	675	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	676	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	677	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	678	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	679	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	680	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
[2563]	681
[2894]	682	CASE DEFAULT
[2563]	683
[2894]	684	found = .FALSE.
[2563]	685
[2894]	686	END SELECT
	687
[2563]	688
[2894]	689	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rrd_global
	690
	691
[2563]	692	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	693	! Description:
	694	! ------------
	695	!> Check namelist parameter
	696	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	697	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	698
	699
	700	IMPLICIT NONE
	701
	702	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	703	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	704	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	705	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	706	ENDIF
	707
[2322]	708	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	709	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2792]	710	'a value equal or larger than zero'
[2322]	711	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	712	ENDIF
	713
	714
	715	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	716	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	717	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	718
	719	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	720	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	721	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	722
	723	ENDIF
	724
	725
	726	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	727
	728
[1839]	729	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	730	! Description:
	731	! ------------
	732	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	733	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	734	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	735
	736
	737	IMPLICIT NONE
	738
[1864]	739	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	740	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	741
[1839]	742	!
	743	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	744	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	745
	746	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	747	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	748
	749	nrings(:) = 0
	750	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	751
	752	!
	753	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	754	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	755	delta_t_factor = segment_length
[3065]	756	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz(1))
[1819]	757
	758	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	759	!
	760	!-- Determine number of rings:
	761	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	762
	763	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	764
	765	ENDDO
	766
	767	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	768
	769	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	770	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	771
	772	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	773	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	774
	775
	776	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	777	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	778	!
	779	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	780	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	781	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	782	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	783	ENDDO
	784	!
	785	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	786	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	787
	788	ENDDO
	789
	790	!
	791	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	792	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	793
[1864]	794	!!
	795	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	796	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	797	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	798	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	799	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	800	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	801	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	802	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	803	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	804	! ENDIF
[1819]	805
	806
	807	!
	808	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	809	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	810	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	811	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	812	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	813	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	814	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	815	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	816	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	817
	818	!
	819	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	820	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	821	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	822	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	823	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	824	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	825	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	826
	827	!
	828	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	829	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	830	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	831	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	832	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	833	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	834	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	835	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	836	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	837	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	838	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	839
	840	!
	841	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	842	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	843	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	844	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	845	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	846	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	847	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	848
	849	!
	850	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	851	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	852	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	853	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	854
	855	!
	856	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	857	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	858	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	859	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	860	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	861	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	862	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	863	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	864	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	865
	866	!
	867	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	868	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	869	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	870	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	871	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	872	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	873	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	874
	875	!
	876	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	877	i_hub(:) = 0
	878	i_smear(:) = 0
	879	j_hub(:) = 0
	880	j_smear(:) = 0
	881	k_hub(:) = 0
	882	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	883
[1819]	884	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	885	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	886
[2563]	887	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	888	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	889	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	890	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	891	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	892	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	893	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	894	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	895	ENDIF
	896
[1819]	897	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	898	wdir_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	899	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	900	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
[3069]	901	u_inflow_l(:) = 0.0_wp
	902	phi_yaw_l(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	903
	904	!
	905	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	906	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	907	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	908	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	909	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	910	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	911	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	912	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	913	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	914	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	915	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	916
	917	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	918	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	919	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	920	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	921	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	922	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	923
	924	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	925	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	926	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	927
[1912]	928	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	929	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	930	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	931	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	932	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	933	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	934	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	935	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	936
	937	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	938	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	939	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	940	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	941	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	942	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	943
	944
[1839]	945	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	946
	947
	948	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	949	! Description:
	950	! ------------
[1839]	951	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	952	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	953	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	954
[1839]	955
[3065]	956	USE control_parameters, &
	957	ONLY: dz_stretch_level_start
	958
[1819]	959	IMPLICIT NONE
	960
	961	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	962	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	963	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	964
[1819]	965	!
[1864]	966	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	967	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	968
[1839]	969	!
[1864]	970	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	971	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	972	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
[1839]	973	!
[1864]	974	!-- Help variables for the calulaction of the nacelle drag
	975	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ip !<
	976	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ipg !<
	977
	978	REAL(wp) :: yvalue
	979	REAL(wp) :: dy_int !<
	980	REAL(wp) :: dz_int !<
	981
	982	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	983
	984	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	985	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	986	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	987	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	988
	989	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	990	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	991	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	992	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	993
[1839]	994	!
[1819]	995	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	996	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	997	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	998	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	999	!
[1839]	1000	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	1001	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	1002
[1839]	1003	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	1004	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	1005	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	1006	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	1007	!
[1839]	1008	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	1009	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	1010	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	1011	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	1012	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	1013	!
[3065]	1014	!-- Stretching (non-uniform grid spacing) is not considered in the wind
	1015	!-- turbine model. Therefore, vertical stretching has to be applied above
	1016	!-- the area where the wtm is active. ABS (...) is required because the
	1017	!-- default value of dz_stretch_level_start is -9999999.9_wp (negative).
[3174]	1018	IF ( ABS( dz_stretch_level_start(1) ) <= MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) + &
	1019	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + &
	1020	eps_min) THEN
[3065]	1021	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'The lowest level where vertical ', &
	1022	'stretching is applied &have to be ', &
[3174]	1023	'greater than ',MAXVAL(rcz(1:nturbines)) +&
	1024	MAXVAL(rr(1:nturbines)) + eps_min
[3066]	1025	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0484', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[3065]	1026	ENDIF
	1027	!
[1819]	1028	!-- Square of eps_min:
	1029	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	1030	!
	1031	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	1032	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	1033	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	1034	!
[1839]	1035	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	1036	!-- function:
	1037	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	1038
[1864]	1039	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	1040	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	1041
[1819]	1042	!
[1864]	1043	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	1044	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1045	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1046	ENDIF
[1819]	1047
[1864]	1048
[1819]	1049	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1050	!
[1864]	1051	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1052	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1053
	1054	!
	1055	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1056	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1057	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
[3065]	1058	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1) )
[1819]	1059
	1060	!
	1061	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1062	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1063	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1064	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1065	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1066	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
[3065]	1067	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz(1) )
[1864]	1068
[1819]	1069	ENDDO
	1070
	1071	!
[2792]	1072	!-- Call the wtm_init_speed_control subroutine and calculate the local
	1073	!-- omega_rot for the respective processor.
	1074	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	1075
	1076	CALL wtm_speed_control
	1077
	1078	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1079
	1080	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1081
	1082	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1083	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1084	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1085	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1086	ENDIF
	1087
	1088	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1089	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1090	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1091	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1092	ENDIF
	1093
	1094	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1095	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1096	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1097	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1098	ENDIF
	1099
	1100	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1101	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1102	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1103	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1104	ENDIF
	1105
	1106	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1107	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	1108
	1109	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	1110
	1111	ENDIF
	1112	ENDIF
	1113
	1114	END DO
	1115
	1116	ENDIF
	1117
	1118	ENDIF
	1119
	1120	!
[1819]	1121	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1122	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1123	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1124	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1125	!
	1126	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1127	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1128
	1129	!
	1130	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1131	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1132	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1133
	1134	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1135
	1136	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1137
[1839]	1138
	1139	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1140	!
[1839]	1141	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1142	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1143	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1144	i = i_hub(inot)
	1145
	1146	!
[1839]	1147	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1148	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1149	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1150	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1151	!
[1839]	1152	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1153	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1154	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1155	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1156	!-- in grid box 1.
[3065]	1157	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
	1158	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz(1) ) + 1
[1819]	1159
	1160	!
	1161	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1162	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1163	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1164	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1165
	1166	!
	1167	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1168	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1169	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1170
	1171	DO j = nys, nyn
	1172	!
[1839]	1173	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1174	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1175
[1819]	1176	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1177
	1178	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1179	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1180	!
[1819]	1181	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1182	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1183	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1184	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1185	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1186	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1187	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1188	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1189	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1190	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*& ! extension in z-direction
[1912]	1191	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1192	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1193	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1194	!
	1195	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1196	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1197	ELSE
[1912]	1198	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[3065]	1199	( k_hub(inot) * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) )*&
[1912]	1200	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1201	ENDIF
	1202	!
	1203	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1204	ELSE
[3065]	1205	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - ( k_hub(inot) * &
	1206	dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) ) * &
[1912]	1207	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1208	ENDIF
[1839]	1209	!
	1210	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1211	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1212	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1213
[1839]	1214	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1215	!
[1819]	1216	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1217	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[3065]	1218	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1219	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1220	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1221	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1222	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[3065]	1223	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * ( &
[1839]	1224	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1225	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1226	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1227	!
	1228	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1229	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1230	ELSE
[3065]	1231	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dy * &
	1232	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1233	ENDIF
[1839]	1234	!
[1819]	1235	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1236	ELSE
[3065]	1237	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz(1) * dtow(inot) * &
[1912]	1238	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1239	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1240
	1241	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1242
	1243	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1244
	1245	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1246
	1247	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1248
	1249	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1250
[1839]	1251
[1912]	1252	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1253
[1839]	1254	!
[1864]	1255	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1256	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1257	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1258	!!
	1259	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1260	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1261	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1262	!
	1263	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1264	!
	1265	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1266	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1267	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1268	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1269	!!
	1270	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1271	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1272	!!
	1273	!!-- top intersection point
	1274	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1275	! ELSE
	1276	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1277	! ENDIF
	1278	! ENDDO
	1279	!
	1280	!
	1281	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1282	!!
	1283	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1284	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1285	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1286	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1287	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1288	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1289	!!
	1290	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1291	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1292	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1293	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1294	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1295	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1296	!!
	1297	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1298	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1299	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1300	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1301	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1302	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1303	! dz_int = dz
	1304	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1305	!!
	1306	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1307	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1308	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1309	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1310	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1311	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1312	! ENDIF
	1313	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1314	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1315	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1316	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1317	! ENDIF
	1318	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1319	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1320	! ENDIF
	1321	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1322	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1323	! ENDIF
	1324	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1325	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1326	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1327	! ENDIF
	1328	! ENDDO
	1329	! ENDIF
	1330	! ENDDO
	1331	! ENDIF
[1819]	1332	!
[1864]	1333	! ENDDO
[1819]	1334	!
[1912]	1335	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1336
[1864]	1337	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1338
[3065]	1339	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1340	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz(1) ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1341
[1912]	1342	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	1343
[1864]	1344	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1345
	1346
[1819]	1347	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1348	! Description:
	1349	! ------------
	1350	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1351	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1352	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1353	!
	1354	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1355
[1839]	1356
[1864]	1357	IMPLICIT NONE
	1358
	1359	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1360	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1361
[1864]	1362	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1363
	1364	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1365
[1864]	1366	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1367	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1368	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1369	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1370	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1371	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1372	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1373	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1374	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1375	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1376
[1864]	1377	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1378	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1379	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1380
[1864]	1381	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1382	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1383
[1864]	1384	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1385	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1386	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1387	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1388	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1389
[1864]	1390	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1395
[1864]	1396	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1397
[1864]	1398	!
	1399	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1400	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1401
[2323]	1402	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1403
	1404	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1405	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1406	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1407	ENDIF
	1408	!
	1409	!-- Read distribution table:
	1410
	1411	dlen = 0
	1412
[2323]	1413	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1414
	1415	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1416	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1417	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1418	dlen = dlen + 1
	1419	ENDDO rloop3
	1420
	1421	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1422
	1423	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1424	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1425	ENDDO
	1426
	1427	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1428	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1429	ENDDO
	1430
	1431	!
	1432	!-- Read layout table:
	1433
[1839]	1434	dlen = 0
[1864]	1435
[2323]	1436	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1437
[1843]	1438	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1439	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1440	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1441	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1442	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1443
[1839]	1444	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1445	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1446	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1447	ENDDO
	1448	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1449	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1450	ENDDO
[1819]	1451
[1864]	1452	!
	1453	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1454
[1864]	1455	dlen = 0
	1456
[2323]	1457	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1458
[1843]	1459	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1460	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1461	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1462	dlen = dlen + 1
	1463	ENDDO rloop2
	1464
[1912]	1465	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1466	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1467
	1468	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1469	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1470	ENDDO
	1471
[1839]	1472	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1473	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1474	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1475	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1476	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1477	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1478	ENDDO
[1864]	1479
[1839]	1480	ENDDO
[1864]	1481
	1482	dlenbl = dlen
	1483
[2323]	1484	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1485
[1864]	1486	!
[2836]	1487	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 631 values if rr(1)=63m)
	1488	!-- and each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.1 degrees --> 3601 values!)
[1864]	1489	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1490	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1491	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1492
[2836]	1493	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1494	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
	1495	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(1:dlenbl) )
	1496	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(1:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1497
[1864]	1498	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1499	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1500
[2836]	1501	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1502	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(1:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
[1864]	1503
[2836]	1504	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
[1864]	1505
[2836]	1506	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1507	!
	1508	!-- Find position in table 1
	1509	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1510	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1864]	1511
[2836]	1512	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1513	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1514	ENDIF
[1864]	1515
[2836]	1516	trow = lct(1)
	1517	!
	1518	!-- Calculate weights for radius interpolation
	1519	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1520	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1521	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1522	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1864]	1523
[2836]	1524	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1525	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1526	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
	1527	ENDIF
	1528
	1529	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1530	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1531	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1532	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1533	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1534
	1535	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! For -180Â° (iialpha=1) the values
	1536	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = 0.0_wp ! for each radius has to be set
	1537	! explicitly
	1538	ELSE
	1539	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1540	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1541	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1542	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1543	!
	1544	!-- For -180Â° (iialpha=1) the values for each radius has to be set
	1545	!-- explicitly
	1546	turb_cd_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cd_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1547	* turb_cd_table(1,t2) )
	1548	turb_cl_tab(1,iir) = ( weight_a * turb_cl_table(1,t1) + weight_b &
	1549	* turb_cl_table(1,t2) )
	1550	ENDIF
	1551
	1552	DO iialpha = 2, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1553
[1864]	1554	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1555	ialpha = 1
[2836]	1556
[2152]	1557	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1558	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1559	ENDDO
[1819]	1560
[1864]	1561	!
[1912]	1562	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1563	!-- segments and angles of attack
[3182]	1564
[1912]	1565	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1566	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1567	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1568	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1569	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1570	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1571	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1572	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1573	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1574	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1575	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1576	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1577	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1578	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1579	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1580	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1581	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1582	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1583	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1584	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1585	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1586	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1587	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1588	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[2836]	1589
[1912]	1590	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[2836]	1591
	1592	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
[1819]	1593
[2836]	1594
[1912]	1595	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1596
	1597
[1864]	1598	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1599	! Description:
	1600	! ------------
	1601	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1602	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1603	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1604	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1605
[1864]	1606
	1607	IMPLICIT NONE
	1608
	1609	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1610	!
	1611	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1612	!-- the rotors
	1613	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1614	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1615	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1616
	1617	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1618	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1619	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1620
	1621	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1622	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1623	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1624
[1864]	1625	!
	1626	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1627	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1628
[1912]	1629	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1630	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1631	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1632	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1633	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1634	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1635	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1636	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1637	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1638	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1639	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1640	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1641	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1642	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1643	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1644	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1645	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1646	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1647	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1648	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1649	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1650	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1651	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1652	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1653
[1864]	1654	!
	1655	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1656	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1657	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1658	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1659	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1660
	1661	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1662
	1663
[1819]	1664	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1665	! Description:
	1666	! ------------
[1839]	1667	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1668	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1669	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1670
[1864]	1671
[1819]	1672	IMPLICIT NONE
	1673
[2669]	1674	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1675
[1839]	1676	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1677	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1678	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
[3241]	1679	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg !<
	1680	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !<
[1839]	1681	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1682
[2232]	1683	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1684	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1685	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1686
	1687	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1688	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1689
	1690	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1691
	1692
[1839]	1693	!
[1819]	1694	! Variables for pitch control
[3241]	1695	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1839]	1696
[3241]	1697	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct = 0
	1698	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d = 0.0_wp
[2152]	1699
	1700	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1701
	1702
[1864]	1703	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1704
	1705
	1706	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1707
[1864]	1708	!
[1819]	1709	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1710	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1711	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1712	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1713	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1714	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1715	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1716	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1717	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1718	!
	1719	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1720	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1721
	1722	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1723	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1724	!
[1839]	1725	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1726	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1727
	1728	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1729	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1730	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1731	!
	1732	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1733	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1734
	1735	!
[1839]	1736	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1737	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1738	!
[1864]	1739	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1740	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1741	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1742	!
[1864]	1743	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1744	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1745	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1746	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1747	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1748	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1749
[1864]	1750	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1751	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1752	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1753	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1754	re(3) = sin_rot
	1755
	1756	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1757	!
	1758	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1759	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1760	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1761	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1762
[1864]	1763	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1764	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1765	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1766	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1767	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1768
	1769	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1770	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1771
	1772	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1773	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1774
	1775	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1776	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1777
	1778	!
	1779	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1780
	1781	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1782	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1783	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1784	!
[1864]	1785	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1786	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1787	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1788	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1789
[1839]	1790	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1791	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1792	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1793	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1794	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1795	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1796	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1797	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1798	gg = dx * dy
	1799
[1864]	1800	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1801	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1802	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1803	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1804	) / gg
	1805
[1864]	1806	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1807	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1808	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1809	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1810	) / gg
	1811
[1864]	1812	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
[3065]	1813	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1814	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1815
	1816	ELSE
	1817	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1818	ENDIF
	1819	ELSE
	1820	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1821	ENDIF
	1822
	1823
	1824	!
	1825	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1826	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1827	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[3065]	1828	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz(1) ) / dz(1)
[1819]	1829	!
[1864]	1830	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1831	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1832	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1833	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1834
[1839]	1835	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1836	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1837	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1838	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1839	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1840	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1841	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1842	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1843	gg = dx * dy
	1844
[1864]	1845	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1846	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1847	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1848	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1849	) / gg
	1850
[1864]	1851	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1852	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1853	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1854	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1855	) / gg
	1856
[1864]	1857	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
[3065]	1858	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1859	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1860
	1861	ELSE
	1862	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1863	ENDIF
	1864	ELSE
	1865	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1866	ENDIF
	1867
	1868
	1869	!
	1870	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1871	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1872	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[3065]	1873	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz(1)
[1819]	1874	!
[1864]	1875	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1876	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1877	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1878	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1879
[1839]	1880	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1881	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1882	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1883	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1884	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1885	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1886	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1887	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1888	gg = dx * dy
	1889
[1864]	1890	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1891	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1892	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1893	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1894	) / gg
	1895
[1864]	1896	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1897	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1898	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1899	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1900	) / gg
	1901
[1864]	1902	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
[3065]	1903	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz(1) * &
[1819]	1904	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1905	ELSE
	1906	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1907	ENDIF
	1908	ELSE
	1909	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1910	ENDIF
	1911
	1912	ENDDO
	1913	ENDDO
	1914
	1915	ENDDO
	1916
	1917	!
	1918	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1919	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1920	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1921	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1922	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1923	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1924	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1925	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1926	#else
	1927	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1928	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1929	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1930	#endif
	1931
	1932
	1933	!
	1934	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1935
[1819]	1936	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1937	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1938
[1912]	1939	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1940	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1941	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1942	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1943	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1944	ELSE
	1945	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1946	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1947	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1948	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1949	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1950	ENDIF
[1819]	1951	ENDIF
	1952
[1839]	1953	!
	1954	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1955	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1956	!
	1957	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1958	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1959	!
	1960	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1961	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1962	!
[1839]	1963	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1964	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1965	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1966	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1967	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1968	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1969	!
[1839]	1970	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1971	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1972	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1973	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1974	re(3) = sin_rot
	1975
[1864]	1976	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	1977	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	1978	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	1979	rea(3) = cos_rot
	1980
	1981	!
[1864]	1982	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	1983	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	1984	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	1985	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	1986	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	1987	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	1988	!
	1989	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	1990	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	1991	!-- tilt:
[1819]	1992	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1993	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	1994	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	1995	!
	1996	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1997	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1998
	1999	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	2000
	2001	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	2002
	2003	!
[1864]	2004	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2005	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	2006	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2007	!
[1864]	2008	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	2009	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	2010	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	2011	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	2012	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	2013	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	2014	!
	2015	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	2016	!
[1819]	2017	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	2018	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	2019	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	2020	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	2021	!
[1864]	2022	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	2023	!-- direction:
	2024	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	2025	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	2026	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	2027	!
[1864]	2028	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	2029	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	2030
[1864]	2031	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	2032	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2033	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	2034
	2035	!
[1864]	2036	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	2037	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	2038
	2039	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	2040	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	2041
	2042	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2043	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2044	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	2045	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	2046	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2047	ELSE
[1864]	2048	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	2049	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2050	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	2051	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	2052	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2053	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2054	ENDIF
	2055
	2056	!
[1864]	2057	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	2058	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	2059	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	2060	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2061	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2062	!
[1864]	2063	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	2064	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	2065	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	2066	!
[1864]	2067	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	2068	!-- to angles given in degree:
	2069	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2070	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	2071	!
[1864]	2072	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[3139]	2073	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	2074
	2075	!
[1864]	2076	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	2077	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	2078	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	2079	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	2080	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	2081
	2082	!
[1864]	2083	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	2084	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	2085	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	2086	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2087
	2088	!
[1864]	2089	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	2090	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	2091
	2092	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	2093	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	2094	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	2095	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	2096	ELSE
[1864]	2097	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	2098	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	2099	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	2100	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	2101	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	2102	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	2103	ENDIF
	2104
	2105	!
	2106	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2107	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
[2836]	2108	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 1, +180.0 degrees = 3601,
	2109	!-- so one index every 0.1 degrees):
[1864]	2110	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[2836]	2111	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) ) + 1.0_wp
[1819]	2112	!
	2113	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2114	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2115	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2116	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2117	!
[1864]	2118	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2119	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2120	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2121	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2122
	2123	!
[1864]	2124	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2125	!-- angles given in radian:
	2126	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2127	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2128
[2152]	2129	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2130
	2131	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2132	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2133	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2134	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2135	!--
	2136	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2137	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2138	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2139
	2140	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2141
[2894]	2142	ENDIF
[1819]	2143	!
	2144	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2145	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2146	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2147
	2148	!
[1864]	2149	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2150
	2151	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2152	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2153
	2154	!
[1864]	2155	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2156	!-- for each ring segment:
	2157	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2158	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2159	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2160
	2161	!
[1864]	2162	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2163	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2164	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2165	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2166	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2167	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2168	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2169	!
	2170	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2171	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2172	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2173
	2174	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2175	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2176
[1912]	2177	!
	2178	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
	2179	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2180	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2181
	2182
[1819]	2183	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
	2184
[1864]	2185	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2186
	2187	!
[1864]	2188	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2189	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2190	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2191	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2192	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2193
	2194
[1864]	2195	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[1819]	2196
	2197
[1864]	2198	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2199
[1912]	2200
	2201	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2202	!
	2203	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2204
	2205	!
	2206	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2207	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2208	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2209	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2210	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2211	( inertia_rot + &
	2212	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2213
[1912]	2214	!
	2215	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2216	!-- and rotor speed
	2217	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2218
	2219	ENDIF
	2220
[1864]	2221	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2222
[1912]	2223	!
	2224	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2225	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2226	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2227	!-- gain
	2228	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2229	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2230	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2231	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2232	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2233	!
	2234	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2235	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2236	ENDIF
[1912]	2237
	2238	!
	2239	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2240	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2241	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2242	ENDIF
[1912]	2243	EXIT pit_loop
	2244	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2245
[1864]	2246
[1819]	2247	!
[1864]	2248	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2249
[1819]	2250	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2251	!
[1864]	2252	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2253	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2254	THEN
	2255	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2256	THEN
[1864]	2257	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2258	ENDIF
[1912]	2259	ENDIF
[1864]	2260
[1819]	2261	ENDIF
	2262
	2263
[1864]	2264	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2265
[1864]	2266	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2267
	2268
[1864]	2269	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2270	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2271	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2272	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2273	!
[1864]	2274	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2275	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2276	!
	2277	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2278	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2279	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2280	!-- consideration
[1819]	2281	!
[1864]	2282	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2283	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2284	!
	2285	!--
	2286	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2287	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2288	eps_min ) / dx )
	2289	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2290	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2291
[1864]	2292	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2293	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2294	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2295	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2296	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2297	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2298	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2299	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2300	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2301	!
[2232]	2302	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2303	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2304
	2305	!
[1819]	2306	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2307	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2308	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2309	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2310	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2311	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2312	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2313	( k * dz(1) - 0.5_wp * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1864]	2314	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2315	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
[3065]	2316	( k * dz(1) - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2317
	2318	!
	2319	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2320	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2321	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2322	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2323	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2324	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2325	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2326	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2327	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2328	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2329	flag
[1819]	2330	ENDIF
	2331	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2332	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2333	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2334	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2335	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2336	flag
[1819]	2337	ENDIF
	2338	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2339	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2340	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2341	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2342	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2343	flag
[1819]	2344	ENDIF
	2345
	2346	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2347	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2348
	2349	!
	2350	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2351	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2352	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2353	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2354	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2355	) * flag
[1819]	2356
[2232]	2357	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2358	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2359	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2360	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2361	) * flag
[1819]	2362
[2232]	2363	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2364	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2365	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2366	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2367	) * flag
[1819]	2368
	2369	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2370	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2371	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
	2372
[1864]	2373	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2374
[1912]	2375	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2376
	2377
	2378	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2379	!
	2380	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2381	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2382	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2383	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2384	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2385	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2386	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2387
[1864]	2388	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2389	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2390	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2391	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2392	start_up = .FALSE.
	2393	ENDIF
	2394
	2395	!
	2396	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2397	!--
	2398	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2399	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2400	!
	2401	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2402	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2403	THEN
	2404	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2405	THEN
[1864]	2406
[1819]	2407	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2408
[1912]	2409	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2410	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2411	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2412	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2413	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2414
	2415	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2416
[1819]	2417	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2418
[1819]	2419	ENDIF
	2420	ENDIF
	2421
[1864]	2422	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2423
	2424	!
[1929]	2425	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2426	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2427	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2428	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2429	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2430	comm2d, ierr )
	2431	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2432	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2433	#else
	2434	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2435	wdir = wdir_l
	2436	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2437
	2438
[1929]	2439	#endif
[1819]	2440	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2441	!
	2442	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2443	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2444
	2445	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2446
[2894]	2447	ENDIF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2448
	2449	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2450	!
	2451	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2452	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2453	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2454	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2455	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2456	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2457	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2458	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2459	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2460	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2461	#else
	2462	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2463	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2464	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2465	#endif
[1864]	2466
	2467	ENDIF
[1819]	2468
	2469	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2470
	2471	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2472	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2473	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2474	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2475	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2476	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2477	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2478	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2479	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2480	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2481
[1819]	2482	ELSE
	2483
[2669]	2484	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2485	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2486	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2487	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2488	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2489	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2490	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2491	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2492	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2493	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2494	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2495	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2496	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2497	ENDIF
	2498	ENDIF
	2499
[1912]	2500	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2501	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2502	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2503
	2504	ENDIF
	2505
[1864]	2506	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2507
[1912]	2508	!
	2509	!-- Formats
[1819]	2510	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2511	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2512	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2513	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2514	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2515
[1864]	2516	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2517	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2518
	2519
	2520	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2521
	2522
[1839]	2523	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2524	! Description:
	2525	! ------------
	2526	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2527	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2528	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2529
[1819]	2530	USE kinds
[1839]	2531
	2532	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2533
	2534	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2535	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2536	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2537
	2538	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2539
	2540	!
[1864]	2541	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2542	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
	2543	!-- 5Â°, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2544	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5Â°.
	2545	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2546	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2547	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2548	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2549	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2550	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2551	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2552	!
	2553	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2554	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2555	!
[1864]	2556	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2557	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2558	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2559	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2560	!
[1864]	2561	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2562	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2563
	2564	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2565	!
[1864]	2566	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2567	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2568	!
[1864]	2569	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2570	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2571	!
[1864]	2572	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2573	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2574	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2575	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2576	ENDIF
	2577	ENDIF
	2578
	2579	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2580
	2581	!
[1864]	2582	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2583	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2584	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2585
	2586	ELSE
	2587	!
	2588	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2589	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2590	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2591	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2592	!
[1864]	2593	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2594	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2595	!
	2596	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2597	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2598	!
	2599	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2600	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2601	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2602	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2603	!
	2604	!-- Continue yawing
	2605	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2606	ELSE
[1864]	2607	!
	2608	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2609	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2610	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2611	ENDIF
	2612	ELSE
[1864]	2613	!
	2614	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2615	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2616	ENDIF
	2617
	2618	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2619
	2620	ENDIF
	2621
[1839]	2622	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2623
[1864]	2624
[1819]	2625	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2626	! Description:
	2627	! ------------
[1864]	2628	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2629	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2630	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2631
	2632
	2633	IMPLICIT NONE
	2634
	2635	!
	2636	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2637	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2638	!
	2639	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2640	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2641	!
	2642	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2643	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2644	!
	2645	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2646	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2647	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2648	!
	2649	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2650	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2651	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2652	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2653	!
	2654	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2655	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2656	!
	2657	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2658	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2659	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2660	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2661	ENDIF
[1864]	2662
	2663	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2664
	2665
	2666	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2667	! Description:
	2668	! ------------
	2669	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2670	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2671	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2672
	2673
	2674	IMPLICIT NONE
	2675
[1912]	2676	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2677
	2678
[1864]	2679
	2680	!
	2681	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2682	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2683	!-- offshore system developement"
	2684
	2685	!
	2686	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2687	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2688	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2689	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2690	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2691
	2692	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2693	!
	2694	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2695	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2696
	2697	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2698	!
	2699	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2700	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2701
	2702	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2703	!
	2704	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2705	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2706	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2707
	2708	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2709	!
	2710	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2711	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2712
	2713	ELSE
	2714	!
	2715	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2716	!-- keep the power constant:
	2717	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2718
	2719	ENDIF
	2720	!
	2721	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2722	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2723	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2724	!
	2725	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2726	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2727	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2728	!
	2729	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2730	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2731
	2732
	2733	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2734
	2735
	2736	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2737	! Description:
	2738	! ------------
[1839]	2739	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2740	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2741	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2742	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2743	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies( component )
	2744
[1839]	2745
[1819]	2746	IMPLICIT NONE
	2747
[1839]	2748	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2749	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2750	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2751	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2752
	2753
	2754	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2755
	2756	CASE ( 1 )
	2757	!
	2758	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2759	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2760	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2761	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2762	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2763	!
[1864]	2764	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2765	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2766	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2767	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2768	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2769
[2232]	2770	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2771	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2772	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2773	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2774	ENDDO
	2775	ENDDO
	2776	ENDDO
	2777	ENDIF
	2778
	2779	CASE ( 2 )
	2780	!
	2781	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2782	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2783	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2784	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2785	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2786	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2787	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2788	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2789	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2790	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2791	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2792	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2793	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2794	ENDDO
	2795	ENDDO
	2796	ENDDO
	2797	ENDIF
	2798
	2799	CASE ( 3 )
	2800	!
	2801	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2802	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2803	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2804	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2805	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2806	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2807	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2808	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2809	ENDDO
	2810	ENDDO
	2811	ENDDO
	2812	ENDIF
	2813
	2814
	2815	CASE DEFAULT
	2816
	2817	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2818	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2819
	2820	END SELECT
	2821
	2822
	2823	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies
	2824
	2825
	2826	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2827	! Description:
	2828	! ------------
[1839]	2829	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2830	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2831	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2832	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2833	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij( i, j, component )
	2834
	2835
	2836	IMPLICIT NONE
	2837
[1839]	2838	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2839	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2840	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2841	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2842
	2843	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2844
	2845	CASE ( 1 )
	2846	!
	2847	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2848	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2849	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2850	!
[1839]	2851	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2852	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2853	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2854	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2855	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2856	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2857	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2858	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2859	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2860	ENDDO
	2861	ENDIF
	2862
	2863	CASE ( 2 )
	2864	!
	2865	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2866	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2867	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2868	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2869	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2870	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2871	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2872	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2873	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2874	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2875	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2876	ENDDO
[1819]	2877	ENDIF
	2878
	2879	CASE ( 3 )
	2880	!
	2881	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2882	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2883	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2884	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2885	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2886	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2887	ENDDO
	2888	ENDIF
	2889
	2890
	2891	CASE DEFAULT
	2892
	2893	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2894	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2895
	2896	END SELECT
	2897
	2898
	2899	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij
	2900
	2901	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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