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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 2742

Last change on this file since 2742 was 2718, checked in by maronga, 7 years ago
deleting of deprecated files; headers updated where needed
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 116.1 KB

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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2718]	17	! Copyright 2009-2018 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
	18	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[2233]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z suehring $
[2716]	28	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
	29	!
	30	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	31	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	32	!
	33	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	34	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	35	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	36	!
	37	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2576]	38	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_var_list to skip module
	39	! parameters during reading restart data
	40	!
	41	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	42	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	43	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	44	! defined
	45	!
	46	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	47	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	48	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	49	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	50	!
	51	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	52	! Revise error message PA0462
	53	!
	54	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	55	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	56	!
	57	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	58	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	59	!
[2343]	60	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	61	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	62	!
[2323]	63	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	64	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	65	!
	66	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	67	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	68	!
[2257]	69	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	70	!
[2233]	71	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	72	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	73	!
[2153]	74	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	75	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	76	! Addition of a tip loss model
	77	!
[2016]	78	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	79	! Bugfix of pitch control
	80	!
[2001]	81	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	82	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	83	!
[1930]	84	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	85	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	86	!
[1917]	87	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	88	! Initial revision
	89	!
[1819]	90	!
	91	! Description:
	92	! ------------
	93	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	94	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	95	!> (ADM-R).
	96	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	97	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	98	!> yaw.
	99	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	100	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	101	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	102	!> automatically).
	103	!>
	104	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	105	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	106	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	107	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	108	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	109	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	110	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	111	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	112	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	113	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	114	!
	115	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	116	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	117
	118	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	119	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	120
[2553]	121	USE constants, &
	122	ONLY: pi
[1819]	123
	124	USE control_parameters, &
[2669]	125	ONLY: coupling_char, dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
	126	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	127
	128	USE cpulog, &
	129	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	130
	131	USE grid_variables, &
	132	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	133
	134	USE indices, &
	135	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	136	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	137
	138	USE kinds
	139
	140	USE pegrid
	141
	142
	143	IMPLICIT NONE
	144
[1864]	145	PRIVATE
[1819]	146
	147	!
	148	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	149
[1864]	150	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	151	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	152
[1839]	153	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	154	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	155	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	156	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	157
[1839]	158	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	159	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	160	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	161	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	162	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	163	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	164
[1912]	165	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	166	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	167	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	168	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	169	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	170	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	171	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	172	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	173	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
	174	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
	175	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	176
[1819]	177	!
	178	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	179	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	180
[1912]	181	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	182	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	183	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	184	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	185	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	186	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	187	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	188	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	189	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	190	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	191	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	192	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	193	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	194	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	195
[1912]	196
[1819]	197	!
	198	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	199
[1839]	200	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	201	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	202	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	203
[1819]	204	!
	205	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	206	TYPE file_status
	207	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	208	END TYPE file_status
	209
[1912]	210	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	211	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	212
	213	!
	214	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	215
[1839]	216	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	217	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	218	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	219	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	220	INTEGER(iwp) :: rr_int !<
	221	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	222
[1839]	223	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	224
[1912]	225	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	226	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	227	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	228	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	229	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	230	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	231	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	232	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	233
[1912]	234	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	235
[1912]	236	!
	237	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	238	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	239	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	240	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	241	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	242	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	243	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
	244	REAL(wp) :: sqrt_arg !<
[1819]	245
[1839]	246	!
	247	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	249	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	250	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	251	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	252
[1912]	253	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	254	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	255
[1912]	256	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	257	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	258
[1912]	259	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	260	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	261
	262	!
	263	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	264
[1839]	265	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	266	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	267	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	268	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	269	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	270	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	271	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	272	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	273	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	274	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	275	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[1912]	276	!
	277	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	278	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	279	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	280	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	281	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[1819]	282
[1912]	283	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	284	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	285	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	286	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	287	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	288	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	289	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	290	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	291	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	292
	293	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	294	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	295
	296	!
	297	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	298	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	301	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	302	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	303	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	304
	305	!
	306	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	307	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	308	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	309	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	310
	311	!
	312	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	313	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	316
	317	!
	318	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	319	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	320	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	321	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	322
	323	!
	324	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	325	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	328	!
	329	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	331
[1839]	332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	338	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	339	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	341
[1839]	342	!
	343	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	344
[1912]	345	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	346
[1912]	347	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	348	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	349	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	350	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	351	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	352	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	353	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	354	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	355
[1864]	356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	357
[1839]	358	!
	359	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	360
[1912]	361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	367	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	368	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	370	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	371	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	372	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	373	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	374
[2563]	375	!
	376	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	378	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	379	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	380	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	382	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	383	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	384
[2563]	385
[1839]	386	SAVE
[1819]	387
[1839]	388
	389	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	390	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	391	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	392
[2576]	393	INTERFACE wtm_skip_var_list
	394	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_skip_var_list
	395	END INTERFACE wtm_skip_var_list
	396
[2563]	397	INTERFACE wtm_write_restart_data
	398	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_write_restart_data
	399	END INTERFACE wtm_write_restart_data
	400
	401	INTERFACE wtm_read_restart_data
	402	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_restart_data
	403	END INTERFACE wtm_read_restart_data
[1912]	404
	405	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	406	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	407	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[1839]	408
	409	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	410	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	411	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	412
	413	INTERFACE wtm_init
	414	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	415	END INTERFACE wtm_init
	416
[1912]	417	INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
	418	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_blade_tables
	419	END INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	420
[1819]	421	INTERFACE wtm_forces
	422	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_forces
[2553]	423	END INTERFACE wtm_forces
	424
	425	INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1839]	426	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_yawcontrol
[2553]	427	END INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1864]	428
	429	INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	430	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rotate_rotor
	431	END INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	432
	433	INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
	434	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_speed_control
	435	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_speed_control
	436	END INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
[1819]	437
	438	INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
	439	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies
	440	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies_ij
	441	END INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
[1864]	442
	443
[1912]	444	PUBLIC wtm_check_parameters, wtm_forces, wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, &
[2576]	445	wtm_parin, wtm_write_restart_data, wtm_tendencies, wtm_skip_var_list
[1819]	446
[2563]	447
[1819]	448	CONTAINS
	449
	450
	451	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	452	! Description:
	453	! ------------
[1839]	454	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	455	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	456	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	457
	458
	459	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	460
	461	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
[1819]	462
[1839]	463	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	464
	465	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	466	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	467	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	468	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	469	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	470	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	471	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	472	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[2349]	473	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	474	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[1839]	475
[1819]	476	!
[1839]	477	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	478	REWIND ( 11 )
	479	line = ' '
	480	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
	481	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	482	ENDDO
	483	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	484
	485	!
	486	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[1912]	487	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[2349]	488
[1912]	489	IF ( ierrn < 0 ) THEN
[2349]	490	message_string = 'no wind_turbine_par-NAMELIST found: ' // &
	491	'End of file has reached'
[2322]	492	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0460', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2349]	493	ELSEIF ( ierrn > 0 ) THEN
	494	message_string = 'errors in wind_turbine_par-NAMELIST: ' // &
	495	'some variables for steering may not be properly set'
	496	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0466', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	497	ENDIF
	498
[1839]	499	!
	500	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	501	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	502
[2563]	503	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	504	CALL wtm_read_restart_data
	505	ENDIF
	506
[1912]	507	10 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
[1839]	508
	509
	510	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	511
[2563]	512
	513	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	514	! Description:
	515	! ------------
[2576]	516	!> Skipping the wind turbine module variables from restart-file (binary format).
	517	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	518	SUBROUTINE wtm_skip_var_list
	519
	520	IMPLICIT NONE
	521
	522	CHARACTER (LEN=1) :: cdum
	523	CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: variable_chr
	524
	525	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	526
	527	DO WHILE ( TRIM( variable_chr ) /= '* end wtm *' )
	528
	529	READ ( 13 ) cdum
	530	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	531
	532	ENDDO
	533
	534	END SUBROUTINE wtm_skip_var_list
	535
	536
	537	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	538	! Description:
	539	! ------------
[2563]	540	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
	541	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	542	SUBROUTINE wtm_write_restart_data
	543
	544	IMPLICIT NONE
	545
	546	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen '
	547	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
	548	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen_f '
	549	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
	550	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen_f_old '
	551	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
	552	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen_old '
	553	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
	554	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_rot '
	555	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
	556	WRITE ( 14 ) 'phi_yaw '
	557	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw(:)
	558	WRITE ( 14 ) 'pitch_add '
	559	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
	560	WRITE ( 14 ) 'pitch_add_old '
	561	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
	562	WRITE ( 14 ) 'torque_gen '
	563	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
	564	WRITE ( 14 ) 'torque_gen_old '
	565	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
	566
	567	WRITE ( 14 ) '* end wtm * '
	568
	569	END SUBROUTINE wtm_write_restart_data
	570
	571
	572	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	573	! Description:
	574	! ------------
	575	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	576	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	577	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_restart_data
	578
	579
	580	IMPLICIT NONE
	581
	582	CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: variable_chr !< dummy variable to read string
	583
	584
	585	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	586	DO WHILE ( TRIM( variable_chr ) /= '* end wtm *' )
	587
	588	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable_chr ) )
	589
	590	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	591	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	592	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	593	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
[2576]	594	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	595	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2563]	596	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	597	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	598	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	599	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	600	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	601	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	602	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	603	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	604	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	605	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	606	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	607	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	608	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	609	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
	610
	611	END SELECT
[2576]	612
[2563]	613	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	614
	615	ENDDO
	616
	617	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_restart_data
	618
	619
	620	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	621	! Description:
	622	! ------------
	623	!> Check namelist parameter
	624	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	625	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	626
	627
	628	IMPLICIT NONE
	629
	630	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	631	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	632	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	633	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	634	ENDIF
	635
[2322]	636	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	637	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2410]	638	'a value larger than or equal to zero'
[2322]	639	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	640	ENDIF
	641
	642
	643	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	644	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	645	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	646
	647	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	648	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	649	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	650
	651	ENDIF
	652
	653
	654	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	655
	656
[1839]	657	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	658	! Description:
	659	! ------------
	660	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	661	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	662	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	663
	664
	665	IMPLICIT NONE
	666
[1864]	667	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	668	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	669
[1839]	670	!
	671	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	672	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	673
	674	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	675	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	676
	677	nrings(:) = 0
	678	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	679
	680	!
	681	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	682	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	683	delta_t_factor = segment_length
	684	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz)
	685
	686	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	687	!
	688	!-- Determine number of rings:
	689	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	690
	691	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	692
	693	ENDDO
	694
	695	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	696
	697	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	698	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	699
	700	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	701	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	702
	703
	704	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	705	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	706	!
	707	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	708	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	709	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	710	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	711	ENDDO
	712	!
	713	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	714	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	715
	716	ENDDO
	717
	718	!
	719	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	720	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	721
[1864]	722	!!
	723	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	724	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	725	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	726	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	727	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	728	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	729	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	730	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	731	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	732	! ENDIF
[1819]	733
	734
	735	!
	736	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	737	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	738	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	739	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	740	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	741	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	742	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	743	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	744	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	745
	746	!
	747	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	748	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	749	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	750	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	751	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	752	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	753	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	754
	755	!
	756	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	757	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	758	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	759	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	760	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	761	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	762	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	763	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	764	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	765	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	766	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	767
	768	!
	769	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	770	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	771	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	772	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	773	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	774	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	775	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	776
	777	!
	778	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	779	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	780	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	781	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	782
	783	!
	784	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	785	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	786	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	787	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	788	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	789	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	790	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	791	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	792	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	793
	794	!
	795	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	796	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	797	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	798	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	799	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	800	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	801	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	802
	803	!
	804	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	805	i_hub(:) = 0
	806	i_smear(:) = 0
	807	j_hub(:) = 0
	808	j_smear(:) = 0
	809	k_hub(:) = 0
	810	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	811
[1819]	812	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	813	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	814
[2563]	815	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	816	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	817	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	818	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	819	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	820	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	821	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	822	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	823	ENDIF
	824
[1819]	825	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	826	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	827	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
	828
	829	!
	830	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	831	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	832	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	833	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	834	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	835	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	836	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	837	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	838	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	839	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	840	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	841
	842	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	843	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	844	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	845	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	846	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	847	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	848
	849	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	850	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	851	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	852
[1912]	853	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	854	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	855	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	856	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	857	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	858	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	859	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	860	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	861
	862	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	863	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	864	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	865	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	866	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	867	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	868
	869
[1839]	870	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	871
	872
	873	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	874	! Description:
	875	! ------------
[1839]	876	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	877	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	878	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	879
[1839]	880
[1819]	881	IMPLICIT NONE
	882
	883	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	884	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	885	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	886
[1819]	887	!
[1864]	888	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	889	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	890
[1839]	891	!
[1864]	892	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	893	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	894	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
[1839]	895	!
[1864]	896	!-- Help variables for the calulaction of the nacelle drag
	897	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ip !<
	898	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ipg !<
	899
	900	REAL(wp) :: yvalue
	901	REAL(wp) :: dy_int !<
	902	REAL(wp) :: dz_int !<
	903
	904	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	905
	906	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	907	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	908	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	909	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	910
	911	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	912	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	913	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	914	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	915
	916
[1864]	917	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	918
	919	CALL wtm_speed_control
	920
[2563]	921	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	922
	923	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	924
	925	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	926	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	927	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	928	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	929	ENDIF
	930
	931	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	932	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	933	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	934	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	935	ENDIF
	936
	937	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	938	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	939	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	940	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	941	ENDIF
	942
	943	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	944	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	945	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	946	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	947	ENDIF
	948
	949	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	950	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	951
	952	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	953
	954	ENDIF
	955	ENDIF
	956
	957	END DO
	958
	959	ENDIF
	960
[1864]	961	ENDIF
	962
[1839]	963	!
[1819]	964	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	965	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	966	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	967	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	968	!
[1839]	969	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	970	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	971
[1839]	972	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	973	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	974	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	975	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	976	!
[1839]	977	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	978	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	979	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	980	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	981	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	982	!
	983	!-- Square of eps_min:
	984	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	985	!
	986	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	987	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	988	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	989	!
[1839]	990	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	991	!-- function:
	992	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	993
[1864]	994	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	995	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	996
[1819]	997	!
[1864]	998	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	999	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	1000	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	1001	ENDIF
[1819]	1002
[1864]	1003
[1819]	1004	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1005	!
[1864]	1006	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1007	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1008
	1009	!
	1010	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1011	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1012	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1013	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz )
	1014
	1015	!
	1016	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1017	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1018	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1019	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1020	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1021	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
	1022	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz )
[1864]	1023
[1819]	1024	ENDDO
	1025
	1026	!
	1027	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1028	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1029	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1030	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1031	!
	1032	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1033	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1034
	1035	!
	1036	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1037	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1038	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1039
	1040	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1041
	1042	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1043
[1839]	1044
	1045	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1046	!
[1839]	1047	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1048	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1049	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1050	i = i_hub(inot)
	1051
	1052	!
[1839]	1053	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1054	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1055	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1056	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1057	!
[1839]	1058	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1059	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1060	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1061	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1062	!-- in grid box 1.
[1819]	1063	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz ) + 1
	1064	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz ) + 1
	1065
	1066	!
	1067	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1068	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1069	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1070	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1071
	1072	!
	1073	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1074	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1075	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1076
	1077	DO j = nys, nyn
	1078	!
[1839]	1079	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1080	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1081
[1819]	1082	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1083
	1084	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1085	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1086	!
[1819]	1087	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1088	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1089	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	1090	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * & ! extension in z-direction
	1091	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1092	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1093	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1094	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1095	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	1096	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * & ! extension in z-direction
	1097	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1098	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1099	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1100	!
	1101	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1102	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1103	ELSE
[1912]	1104	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	1105	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * &
	1106	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1107	ENDIF
	1108	!
	1109	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1110	ELSE
[1912]	1111	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[1839]	1112	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * &
[1912]	1113	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1114	ENDIF
[1839]	1115	!
	1116	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1117	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1118	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1119
[1839]	1120	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1121	!
[1819]	1122	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1123	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1124	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * ( &
[1839]	1125	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1126	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1127	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1128	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1129	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * ( &
[1839]	1130	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1131	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1132	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1133	!
	1134	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1135	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1136	ELSE
[1912]	1137	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1138	ENDIF
[1839]	1139	!
[1819]	1140	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1141	ELSE
[1912]	1142	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * dtow(inot) * &
	1143	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1144	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1145
	1146	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1147
	1148	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1149
	1150	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1151
	1152	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1153
	1154	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1155
[1839]	1156
[1912]	1157	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1158
[1839]	1159	!
[1864]	1160	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1161	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1162	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1163	!!
	1164	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1165	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1166	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1167	!
	1168	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1169	!
	1170	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1171	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1172	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1173	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1174	!!
	1175	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1176	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1177	!!
	1178	!!-- top intersection point
	1179	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1180	! ELSE
	1181	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1182	! ENDIF
	1183	! ENDDO
	1184	!
	1185	!
	1186	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1187	!!
	1188	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1189	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1190	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1191	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1192	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1193	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1194	!!
	1195	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1196	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1197	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1198	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1199	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1200	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1201	!!
	1202	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1203	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1204	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1205	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1206	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1207	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1208	! dz_int = dz
	1209	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1210	!!
	1211	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1212	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1213	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1214	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1215	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1216	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1217	! ENDIF
	1218	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1219	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1220	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1221	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1222	! ENDIF
	1223	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1224	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1225	! ENDIF
	1226	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1227	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1228	! ENDIF
	1229	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1230	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1231	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1232	! ENDIF
	1233	! ENDDO
	1234	! ENDIF
	1235	! ENDDO
	1236	! ENDIF
[1819]	1237	!
[1864]	1238	! ENDDO
[1819]	1239	!
[1912]	1240	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1241
[1864]	1242	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1243
[1912]	1244	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1245	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1246
[1912]	1247	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	1248
[1864]	1249	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1250
	1251
[1819]	1252	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1253	! Description:
	1254	! ------------
	1255	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1256	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1257	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1258	!
	1259	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1260
[1839]	1261
[1864]	1262	IMPLICIT NONE
	1263
	1264	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1265	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1266
[1864]	1267	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1268
	1269	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1270
[1864]	1271	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1272	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1273	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1274	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1275	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1276	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1277	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1278	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1279	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1280	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1281
[1864]	1282	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1283	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1284	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1285
[1864]	1286	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1287	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1288
[1864]	1289	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1290	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1291	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1292	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1293	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1294
[1864]	1295	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1296	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1297	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1298	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1300
[1864]	1301	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1302
[1864]	1303	!
	1304	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1305	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1306
[2323]	1307	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1308
	1309	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1310	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1311	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1312	ENDIF
	1313	!
	1314	!-- Read distribution table:
	1315
	1316	dlen = 0
	1317
[2323]	1318	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1319
	1320	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1321	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1322	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1323	dlen = dlen + 1
	1324	ENDDO rloop3
	1325
	1326	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1327
	1328	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1329	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1330	ENDDO
	1331
	1332	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1333	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1334	ENDDO
	1335
	1336	!
	1337	!-- Read layout table:
	1338
[1839]	1339	dlen = 0
[1864]	1340
[2323]	1341	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1342
[1843]	1343	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1344	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1345	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1346	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1347	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1348
[1839]	1349	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1350	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1351	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1352	ENDDO
	1353	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1354	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1355	ENDDO
[1819]	1356
[1864]	1357	!
	1358	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1359
[1864]	1360	dlen = 0
	1361
[2323]	1362	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1363
[1843]	1364	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1365	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1366	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1367	dlen = dlen + 1
	1368	ENDDO rloop2
	1369
[1912]	1370	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1371	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1372
	1373	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1374	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1375	ENDDO
	1376
[1839]	1377	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1378	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1379	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1380	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1381	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1382	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1383	ENDDO
[1864]	1384
[1839]	1385	ENDDO
[1864]	1386
	1387	dlenbl = dlen
	1388
[2323]	1389	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1390
[1864]	1391	!
	1392	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 630 values) and
	1393	!-- each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.01 degrees --> 36000 values!)
	1394	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1395	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1396	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1397
[1864]	1398	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(0:dlenbl) )
	1399	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(0:dlenbl) )
	1400	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(0:dlenbl) )
	1401	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(0:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1402
[1864]	1403	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1404	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1405
[1864]	1406
	1407	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(0:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1408	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(0:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1409
	1410
	1411	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
	1412
	1413	DO iialpha = 1, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1414
	1415	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1416	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1417	ialpha = 1
	1418
[2152]	1419	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1420	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1421	ENDDO
[1819]	1422	!
[1864]	1423	!-- Find position in table
	1424	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1425	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1819]	1426
[1864]	1427	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1428	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1429	ENDIF
[1819]	1430
[1864]	1431	trow = lct(1)
	1432	!
	1433	!-- Calculate weights for interpolation
	1434	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1435	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1436	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1437	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1819]	1438
[1912]	1439	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1440	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1441	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
[1864]	1442	ENDIF
[1819]	1443
[1864]	1444	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1445	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1446	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1447	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1448	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1449	ELSE
	1450	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1451	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1452	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1453	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1454	ENDIF
	1455
[1912]	1456	!
	1457	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1458	!-- segments and angles of attack
	1459
	1460	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1461	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1462	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1463	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1464	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1465	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1466	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1467	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1468	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1469	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1470	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1471	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1472	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1473	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1474	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1475	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1476	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1477	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1478	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1479	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1480	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1481	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1482	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1483	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[1819]	1484
[1912]	1485	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[1819]	1486
[1864]	1487	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
	1488
[1912]	1489	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1490
	1491
[1864]	1492	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1493	! Description:
	1494	! ------------
	1495	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1496	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1497	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1498	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1499
[1864]	1500
	1501	IMPLICIT NONE
	1502
	1503	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1504	!
	1505	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1506	!-- the rotors
	1507	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1508	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1509	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1510
	1511	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1512	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1513	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1514
	1515	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1516	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1517	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1518
[1864]	1519	!
	1520	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1521	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1522
[1912]	1523	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1524	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1525	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1526	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1527	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1528	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1529	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1530	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1531	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1532	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1533	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1534	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1535	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1536	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1537	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1538	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1539	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1540	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1541	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1542	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1543	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1544	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1545	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1546	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1547
[1864]	1548	!
	1549	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1550	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1551	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1552	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1553	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1554
	1555	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1556
	1557
[1819]	1558	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1559	! Description:
	1560	! ------------
[1839]	1561	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1562	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1563	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1564
[1864]	1565
[1819]	1566	IMPLICIT NONE
	1567
[2669]	1568	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1569
[1839]	1570	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1571	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1572	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
	1573	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg, rseg_int !<
	1574	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring, ring_int !<
	1575	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1576
[2232]	1577	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1578	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1579	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1580
	1581	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1582	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1583
	1584	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1585
	1586
[1839]	1587	!
[1819]	1588	! Variables for pitch control
	1589	REAL(wp) :: torque_max=0.0_wp
[1839]	1590	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw=.FALSE.
	1591
[1819]	1592	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct=0
[1839]	1593	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d=0.0_wp
[2152]	1594
	1595	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1596
	1597
[1864]	1598	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1599
	1600
	1601	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1602
[1864]	1603	!
[1819]	1604	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1605	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1606	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1607	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1608	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1609	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1610	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1611	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1612	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1613	!
	1614	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1615	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1616
	1617	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1618	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1619	!
[1839]	1620	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1621	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1622
	1623	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1624	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1625	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1626	!
	1627	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1628	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1629
	1630	!
[1839]	1631	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1632	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1633	!
[1864]	1634	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1635	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1636	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1637	!
[1864]	1638	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1639	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1640	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1641	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1642	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1643	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1644
[1864]	1645	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1646	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1647	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1648	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1649	re(3) = sin_rot
	1650
	1651	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1652	!
	1653	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1654	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1655	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1656	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1657
[1864]	1658	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1659	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1660	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1661	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1662	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1663
	1664	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1665	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1666
	1667	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1668	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1669
	1670	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1671	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1672
	1673	!
	1674	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1675
	1676	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1677	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[2553]	1678	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz
[1819]	1679	!
[1864]	1680	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1681	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1682	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1683	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1684
[1839]	1685	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1686	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1687	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1688	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1689	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1690	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1691	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1692	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1693	gg = dx * dy
	1694
[1864]	1695	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1696	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1697	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1698	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1699	) / gg
	1700
[1864]	1701	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1702	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1703	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1704	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1705	) / gg
	1706
[1864]	1707	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
	1708	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1709	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1710
	1711	ELSE
	1712	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1713	ENDIF
	1714	ELSE
	1715	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1716	ENDIF
	1717
	1718
	1719	!
	1720	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1721	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1722	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[1819]	1723	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz
	1724	!
[1864]	1725	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1726	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1727	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1728	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1729
[1839]	1730	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1731	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1732	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1733	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1734	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1735	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1736	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1737	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1738	gg = dx * dy
	1739
[1864]	1740	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1741	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1742	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1743	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1744	) / gg
	1745
[1864]	1746	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1747	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1748	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1749	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1750	) / gg
	1751
[1864]	1752	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
	1753	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1754	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1755
	1756	ELSE
	1757	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1758	ENDIF
	1759	ELSE
	1760	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1761	ENDIF
	1762
	1763
	1764	!
	1765	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1766	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1767	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[1839]	1768	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz
[1819]	1769	!
[1864]	1770	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1771	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1772	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1773	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1774
[1839]	1775	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1776	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1777	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1778	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1779	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1780	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1781	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1782	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1783	gg = dx * dy
	1784
[1864]	1785	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1786	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1787	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1788	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1789	) / gg
	1790
[1864]	1791	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1792	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1793	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1794	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1795	) / gg
	1796
[1864]	1797	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
	1798	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1799	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1800	ELSE
	1801	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1802	ENDIF
	1803	ELSE
	1804	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1805	ENDIF
	1806
	1807	ENDDO
	1808	ENDDO
	1809
	1810	ENDDO
	1811
	1812	!
	1813	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1814	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1815	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1816	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1817	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1818	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1819	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1820	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1821	#else
	1822	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1823	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1824	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1825	#endif
	1826
	1827
	1828	!
	1829	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1830
[1819]	1831	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1832	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1833
[1912]	1834	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1835	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1836	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1837	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1838	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1839	ELSE
	1840	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1841	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1842	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1843	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1844	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1845	ENDIF
[1819]	1846	ENDIF
	1847
[1839]	1848	!
	1849	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1850	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1851	!
	1852	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1853	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1854	!
	1855	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1856	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1857	!
[1839]	1858	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1859	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1860	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1861	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1862	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1863	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1864	!
[1839]	1865	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1866	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1867	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1868	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1869	re(3) = sin_rot
	1870
[1864]	1871	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	1872	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	1873	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	1874	rea(3) = cos_rot
	1875
	1876	!
[1864]	1877	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	1878	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	1879	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	1880	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	1881	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	1882	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	1883	!
	1884	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	1885	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	1886	!-- tilt:
[1819]	1887	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1888	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	1889	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	1890	!
	1891	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1892	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1893
	1894	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1895
	1896	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1897
	1898	!
[1864]	1899	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1900	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	1901	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1902	!
[1864]	1903	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	1904	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	1905	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	1906	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	1907	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	1908	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	1909	!
	1910	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	1911	!
[1819]	1912	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	1913	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	1914	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	1915	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	1916	!
[1864]	1917	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	1918	!-- direction:
	1919	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	1920	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	1921	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	1922	!
[1864]	1923	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	1924	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	1925
[1864]	1926	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	1927	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	1928	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	1929
	1930	!
[1864]	1931	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	1932	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	1933
	1934	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	1935	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	1936
	1937	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	1938	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1939	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	1940	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	1941	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	1942	ELSE
[1864]	1943	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	1944	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	1945	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	1946	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	1947	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	1948	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	1949	ENDIF
	1950
	1951	!
[1864]	1952	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	1953	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	1954	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	1955	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1956	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	1957	!
[1864]	1958	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	1959	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	1960	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	1961	!
[1864]	1962	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	1963	!-- to angles given in degree:
	1964	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1965	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	1966	!
[1864]	1967	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[2015]	1968	alpha_attack = alpha_attack - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	1969
	1970	!
[1864]	1971	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	1972	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	1973	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	1974	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	1975	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	1976
	1977	!
[1864]	1978	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1979	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	1980	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	1981	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1982
	1983	!
[1864]	1984	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	1985	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	1986
	1987	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	1988	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1989	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	1990	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	1991	ELSE
[1864]	1992	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	1993	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	1994	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	1995	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	1996	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	1997	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	1998	ENDIF
	1999
	2000	!
	2001	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	2002	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2003	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 0, +180.0 degrees = 36000,
	2004	!-- so one index every 0.01 degrees):
	2005	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[1839]	2006	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) )
[1819]	2007	!
	2008	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2009	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2010	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2011	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2012	!
[1864]	2013	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2014	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2015	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2016	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2017
	2018	!
[1864]	2019	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2020	!-- angles given in radian:
	2021	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2022	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2023
[2152]	2024	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2025
	2026	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2027	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2028	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2029	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2030	!--
	2031	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2032	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2033	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2034
	2035	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2036
	2037	END IF
[1819]	2038	!
	2039	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2040	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2041	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2042
	2043	!
[1864]	2044	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2045
	2046	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2047	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2048
	2049	!
[1864]	2050	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2051	!-- for each ring segment:
	2052	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2053	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2054	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2055
	2056	!
[1864]	2057	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2058	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2059	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2060	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2061	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2062	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2063	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2064	!
	2065	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2066	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2067	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2068
	2069	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2070	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2071
[1912]	2072	!
	2073	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
	2074	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2075	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2076
	2077
[1819]	2078	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
	2079
[1864]	2080	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2081
	2082	!
[1864]	2083	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2084	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2085	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2086	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2087	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2088
	2089
[1864]	2090	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[1819]	2091
	2092
[1864]	2093	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2094
[1912]	2095
	2096	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2097	!
	2098	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2099
	2100	!
	2101	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2102	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2103	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2104	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2105	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2106	( inertia_rot + &
	2107	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2108
[1912]	2109	!
	2110	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2111	!-- and rotor speed
	2112	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2113
	2114	ENDIF
	2115
[1864]	2116	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2117
[1912]	2118	!
	2119	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2120	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2121	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2122	!-- gain
	2123	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2124	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2125	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2126	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2127	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2128	!
	2129	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2130	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2131	ENDIF
[1912]	2132
	2133	!
	2134	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2135	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2136	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2137	ENDIF
[1912]	2138	EXIT pit_loop
	2139	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2140
[1864]	2141
[1819]	2142	!
[1864]	2143	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2144
[1819]	2145	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2146	!
[1864]	2147	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2148	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2149	THEN
	2150	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2151	THEN
[1864]	2152	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2153	ENDIF
[1912]	2154	ENDIF
[1864]	2155
[1819]	2156	ENDIF
	2157
	2158
[1864]	2159	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2160
[1864]	2161	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2162
	2163
[1864]	2164	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2165	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2166	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2167	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2168	!
[1864]	2169	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2170	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2171	!
	2172	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2173	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2174	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2175	!-- consideration
[1819]	2176	!
[1864]	2177	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2178	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2179	!
	2180	!--
	2181	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2182	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2183	eps_min ) / dx )
	2184	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2185	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2186
[1864]	2187	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2188	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2189	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2190	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2191	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2192	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2193	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2194	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2195	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2196	!
[2232]	2197	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2198	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2199
	2200	!
[1819]	2201	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2202	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2203	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2204	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2205	( k * dz - 0.5_wp * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
	2206	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2207	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2208	( k * dz - 0.5_wp * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
	2209	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2210	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2211	( k * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2212
	2213	!
	2214	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2215	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2216	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2217	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2218	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2219	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2220	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2221	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2222	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2223	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2224	flag
[1819]	2225	ENDIF
	2226	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2227	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2228	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2229	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2230	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2231	flag
[1819]	2232	ENDIF
	2233	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2234	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2235	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2236	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2237	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2238	flag
[1819]	2239	ENDIF
	2240
	2241	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2242	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2243
	2244	!
	2245	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2246	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2247	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2248	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2249	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2250	) * flag
[1819]	2251
[2232]	2252	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2253	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2254	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2255	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2256	) * flag
[1819]	2257
[2232]	2258	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2259	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2260	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2261	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2262	) * flag
[1819]	2263
	2264	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2265	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2266	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
	2267
[1864]	2268	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2269
[1912]	2270	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2271
	2272
	2273	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2274	!
	2275	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2276	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2277	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2278	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2279	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2280	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2281	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2282
[1864]	2283	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2284	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2285	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2286	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2287	start_up = .FALSE.
	2288	ENDIF
	2289
	2290	!
	2291	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2292	!--
	2293	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2294	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2295	!
	2296	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2297	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2298	THEN
	2299	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2300	THEN
[1864]	2301
[1819]	2302	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2303
[1912]	2304	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2305	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2306	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2307	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2308	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2309
	2310	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2311
[1819]	2312	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2313
[1819]	2314	ENDIF
	2315	ENDIF
	2316
[1864]	2317	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2318
	2319	!
[1929]	2320	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2321	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2322	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2323	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2324	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2325	comm2d, ierr )
	2326	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2327	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2328	#else
	2329	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2330	wdir = wdir_l
	2331	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2332
	2333
[1929]	2334	#endif
[1819]	2335	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2336	!
	2337	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2338	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2339
	2340	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2341
[2152]	2342	END IF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2343
	2344	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2345	!
	2346	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2347	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2348	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2349	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2350	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2351	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2352	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2353	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2354	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2355	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2356	#else
	2357	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2358	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2359	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2360	#endif
[1864]	2361
	2362	ENDIF
[1819]	2363
	2364	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2365
	2366	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2367	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2368	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2369	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2370	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2371	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2372	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2373	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2374	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2375	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2376
[1819]	2377	ELSE
	2378
[2669]	2379	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2380	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2381	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2382	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2383	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2384	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2385	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2386	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2387	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2388	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2389	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2390	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2391	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2392	ENDIF
	2393	ENDIF
	2394
[1912]	2395	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2396	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2397	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2398
	2399	ENDIF
	2400
[1864]	2401	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2402
[1912]	2403	!
	2404	!-- Formats
[1819]	2405	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2406	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2407	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2408	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2409	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2410
[1864]	2411	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2412	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2413
	2414
	2415	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2416
	2417
[1839]	2418	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2419	! Description:
	2420	! ------------
	2421	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2422	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2423	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2424
[1819]	2425	USE kinds
[1839]	2426
	2427	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2428
	2429	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2430	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2431	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2432
	2433	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2434
	2435	!
[1864]	2436	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2437	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
	2438	!-- 5Â°, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2439	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5Â°.
	2440	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2441	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2442	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2443	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2444	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2445	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2446	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2447	!
	2448	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2449	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2450	!
[1864]	2451	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2452	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2453	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2454	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2455	!
[1864]	2456	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2457	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2458
	2459	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2460	!
[1864]	2461	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2462	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2463	!
[1864]	2464	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2465	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2466	!
[1864]	2467	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2468	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2469	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2470	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2471	ENDIF
	2472	ENDIF
	2473
	2474	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2475
	2476	!
[1864]	2477	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2478	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2479	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2480
	2481	ELSE
	2482	!
	2483	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2484	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2485	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2486	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2487	!
[1864]	2488	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2489	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2490	!
	2491	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2492	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2493	!
	2494	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2495	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2496	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2497	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2498	!
	2499	!-- Continue yawing
	2500	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2501	ELSE
[1864]	2502	!
	2503	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2504	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2505	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2506	ENDIF
	2507	ELSE
[1864]	2508	!
	2509	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2510	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2511	ENDIF
	2512
	2513	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2514
	2515	ENDIF
	2516
[1839]	2517	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2518
[1864]	2519
[1819]	2520	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2521	! Description:
	2522	! ------------
[1864]	2523	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2524	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2525	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2526
	2527
	2528	IMPLICIT NONE
	2529
	2530	!
	2531	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2532	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2533	!
	2534	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2535	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2536	!
	2537	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2538	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2539	!
	2540	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2541	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2542	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2543	!
	2544	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2545	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2546	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2547	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2548	!
	2549	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2550	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2551	!
	2552	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2553	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2554	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2555	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2556	ENDIF
[1864]	2557
	2558	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2559
	2560
	2561	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2562	! Description:
	2563	! ------------
	2564	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2565	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2566	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2567
	2568
	2569	IMPLICIT NONE
	2570
[1912]	2571	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2572
	2573
[1864]	2574
	2575	!
	2576	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2577	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2578	!-- offshore system developement"
	2579
	2580	!
	2581	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2582	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2583	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2584	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2585	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2586
	2587	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2588	!
	2589	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2590	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2591
	2592	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2593	!
	2594	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2595	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2596
	2597	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2598	!
	2599	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2600	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2601	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2602
	2603	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2604	!
	2605	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2606	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2607
	2608	ELSE
	2609	!
	2610	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2611	!-- keep the power constant:
	2612	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2613
	2614	ENDIF
	2615	!
	2616	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2617	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2618	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2619	!
	2620	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2621	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2622	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2623	!
	2624	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2625	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2626
	2627
	2628	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2629
	2630
	2631	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2632	! Description:
	2633	! ------------
[1839]	2634	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2635	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2636	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2637	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2638	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies( component )
	2639
[1839]	2640
[1819]	2641	IMPLICIT NONE
	2642
[1839]	2643	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2644	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2645	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2646	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2647
	2648
	2649	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2650
	2651	CASE ( 1 )
	2652	!
	2653	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2654	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2655	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2656	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2657	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2658	!
[1864]	2659	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2660	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2661	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2662	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2663	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2664
[2232]	2665	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2666	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2667	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2668	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2669	ENDDO
	2670	ENDDO
	2671	ENDDO
	2672	ENDIF
	2673
	2674	CASE ( 2 )
	2675	!
	2676	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2677	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2678	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2679	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2680	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2681	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2682	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2683	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2684	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2685	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2686	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2687	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2688	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2689	ENDDO
	2690	ENDDO
	2691	ENDDO
	2692	ENDIF
	2693
	2694	CASE ( 3 )
	2695	!
	2696	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2697	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2698	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2699	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2700	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2701	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2702	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2703	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2704	ENDDO
	2705	ENDDO
	2706	ENDDO
	2707	ENDIF
	2708
	2709
	2710	CASE DEFAULT
	2711
	2712	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2713	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2714
	2715	END SELECT
	2716
	2717
	2718	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies
	2719
	2720
	2721	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2722	! Description:
	2723	! ------------
[1839]	2724	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2725	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2726	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2727	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2728	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij( i, j, component )
	2729
	2730
	2731	IMPLICIT NONE
	2732
[1839]	2733	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2734	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2735	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2736	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2737
	2738	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2739
	2740	CASE ( 1 )
	2741	!
	2742	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2743	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2744	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2745	!
[1839]	2746	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2747	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2748	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2749	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2750	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2751	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2752	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2753	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2754	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2755	ENDDO
	2756	ENDIF
	2757
	2758	CASE ( 2 )
	2759	!
	2760	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2761	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2762	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2763	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2764	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2765	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2766	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2767	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2768	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2769	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2770	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2771	ENDDO
[1819]	2772	ENDIF
	2773
	2774	CASE ( 3 )
	2775	!
	2776	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2777	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2778	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2779	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2780	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2781	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2782	ENDDO
	2783	ENDIF
	2784
	2785
	2786	CASE DEFAULT
	2787
	2788	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2789	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2790
	2791	END SELECT
	2792
	2793
	2794	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij
	2795
	2796	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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