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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 @ 2699

Last change on this file since 2699 was 2696, checked in by kanani, 7 years ago
Merge of branch palm4u into trunk
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 116.0 KB

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[1820]	1	!> @file wind_turbine_model_mod.f90
[1912]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1819]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1819]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2257]	17	! Copyright 2009-2017 Carl von Ossietzky Universitaet Oldenburg
[2101]	18	! Copyright 1997-2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1912]	19	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	20	!
	21	! Current revisions:
	22	! -----------------
[1913]	23	!
[2233]	24	!
[1913]	25	! Former revisions:
	26	! -----------------
	27	! $Id: wind_turbine_model_mod.f90 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani $
[2669]	28	! filename of turbine output changed to WTM_OUTPUT_DATA. File extension now
	29	! includes the nest domain number. Turbine extension changed to "_T##"
	30	!
	31	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[2576]	32	! Definition of a new function called wtm_skip_var_list to skip module
	33	! parameters during reading restart data
	34	!
	35	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	36	! Restart runs with wind turbine model are possible now. For this purpose, two
	37	! new subroutines wtm_write_restart_data and wtm_read_restart_data had to be
	38	! defined
	39	!
	40	! 2553 2017-10-18 08:03:45Z Giersch
[2553]	41	! Bugfix of vertical loop in wtm_tendencies to account for different turbine
	42	! heights, bugfix of the interpolation of the u-component concerning the
	43	! vertical index and further small adjustments of the programming style
	44	!
	45	! 2410 2017-09-06 08:16:30Z Giersch
[2410]	46	! Revise error message PA0462
	47	!
	48	! 2349 2017-08-10 15:44:04Z Giersch
[2349]	49	! Add parameter pitch_rate to namelist and revise/add error messages
	50	!
	51	! 2343 2017-08-08 11:28:43Z Giersch
[2341]	52	! Unit correction in Doxygen comments
[2323]	53	!
[2343]	54	! 2323 2017-07-26 12:57:38Z Giersch
	55	! Change unit number of file WTM_DATA from 201 to 90
	56	!
[2323]	57	! 2322 2017-07-26 08:30:28Z Giersch
[2322]	58	! Bugfix of error message and assign error numbers
	59	!
	60	! 2257 2017-06-07 14:07:05Z witha
[2257]	61	! Bugfix: turb_cl_tab and turb_cd_tab were set to zero before being allocated
[1844]	62	!
[2257]	63	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
	64	!
[2233]	65	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	66	! Adjustments to new topography concept
	67	!
[2153]	68	! 2152 2017-02-17 13:27:24Z lvollmer
	69	! Bugfix in subroutine wtm_read_blade_tables
	70	! Addition of a tip loss model
	71	!
[2016]	72	! 2015 2016-09-28 08:45:18Z lvollmer
	73	! Bugfix of pitch control
	74	!
[2001]	75	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	76	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	77	!
[1930]	78	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	79	! Bugfix: added preprocessor directives for parallel and serial mode
	80	!
[1917]	81	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
[1821]	82	! Initial revision
	83	!
[1819]	84	!
	85	! Description:
	86	! ------------
	87	!> This module calculates the effect of wind turbines on the flow fields. The
	88	!> initial version contains only the advanced actuator disk with rotation method
	89	!> (ADM-R).
	90	!> The wind turbines include the tower effect, can be yawed and tilted.
	91	!> The wind turbine model includes controllers for rotational speed, pitch and
	92	!> yaw.
	93	!> Currently some specifications of the NREL 5 MW reference turbine
	94	!> are hardcoded whereas most input data comes from separate files (currently
	95	!> external, planned to be included as namelist which will be read in
	96	!> automatically).
	97	!>
	98	!> @todo Revise code according to PALM Coding Standard
	99	!> @todo Implement ADM and ALM turbine models
	100	!> @todo Generate header information
[1917]	101	!> @todo Implement further parameter checks and error messages
[1819]	102	!> @todo Revise and add code documentation
	103	!> @todo Output turbine parameters as timeseries
	104	!> @todo Include additional output variables
[1864]	105	!> @todo Revise smearing the forces for turbines in yaw
	106	!> @todo Revise nacelle and tower parameterization
	107	!> @todo Allow different turbine types in one simulation
[1819]	108	!
	109	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	110	MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod
	111
	112	USE arrays_3d, &
[2553]	113	ONLY: tend, u, v, w, zu, zw
[1819]	114
[2553]	115	USE constants, &
	116	ONLY: pi
[1819]	117
	118	USE control_parameters, &
[2669]	119	ONLY: coupling_char, dt_3d, dz, message_string, simulated_time, &
	120	wind_turbine, initializing_actions
[1819]	121
	122	USE cpulog, &
	123	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
	124
	125	USE grid_variables, &
	126	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
	127
	128	USE indices, &
	129	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nz, &
[2232]	130	nzb, nzt, wall_flags_0
[1819]	131
	132	USE kinds
	133
	134	USE pegrid
	135
	136
	137	IMPLICIT NONE
	138
[1864]	139	PRIVATE
[1819]	140
	141	!
	142	!-- Variables specified in the namelist wind_turbine_par
	143
[1864]	144	INTEGER(iwp) :: nairfoils = 8 !< number of airfoils of the used turbine model (for ADM-R and ALM)
[1839]	145	INTEGER(iwp) :: nturbines = 1 !< number of turbines
[1819]	146
[1839]	147	LOGICAL :: pitch_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of pitch controller
	148	LOGICAL :: speed_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of speed controller
	149	LOGICAL :: yaw_control = .FALSE. !< switch for use of yaw controller
[2152]	150	LOGICAL :: tl_cor = .FALSE. !< switch for use of tip loss correct.
[1819]	151
[1839]	152	REAL(wp) :: segment_length = 1.0_wp !< length of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	153	!< (in tangential direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	154	REAL(wp) :: segment_width = 0.5_wp !< width of the segments, the rotor area is divided into
	155	!< (in radial direction, as factor of MIN(dx,dy,dz))
	156	REAL(wp) :: time_turbine_on = 0.0_wp !< time at which turbines are started
	157	REAL(wp) :: tilt = 0.0_wp !< vertical tilt of the rotor [degree] ( positive = backwards )
[1819]	158
[1912]	159	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: dtow = 0.0_wp !< tower diameter [m]
[2553]	160	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_rot = 0.9_wp !< inital or constant rotor speed [rad/s]
[1912]	161	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: phi_yaw = 0.0_wp !< yaw angle [degree] ( clockwise, 0 = facing west )
	162	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add = 0.0_wp !< constant pitch angle
	163	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcx = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in x-direction
	164	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcy = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in y-direction
	165	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rcz = 9999999.9_wp !< position of hub in z-direction
	166	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rnac = 0.0_wp !< nacelle diameter [m]
	167	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: rr = 63.0_wp !< rotor radius [m]
	168	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_nacelle = 0.85_wp !< drag coefficient for nacelle
	169	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: turb_cd_tower = 1.2_wp !< drag coefficient for tower
[1839]	170
[1819]	171	!
	172	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for speed controller
	173	!-- Default values are from the NREL 5MW research turbine (Jonkman, 2008)
	174
[1912]	175	REAL(wp) :: rated_power = 5296610.0_wp !< rated turbine power [W]
[1839]	176	REAL(wp) :: gear_ratio = 97.0_wp !< Gear ratio from rotor to generator
[2341]	177	REAL(wp) :: inertia_rot = 34784179.0_wp !< Inertia of the rotor [kg*m2]
	178	REAL(wp) :: inertia_gen = 534.116_wp !< Inertia of the generator [kg*m2]
[1839]	179	REAL(wp) :: gen_eff = 0.944_wp !< Electric efficiency of the generator
	180	REAL(wp) :: gear_eff = 1.0_wp !< Loss between rotor and generator
	181	REAL(wp) :: air_dens = 1.225_wp !< Air density to convert to W [kg/m3]
	182	REAL(wp) :: rated_genspeed = 121.6805_wp !< Rated generator speed [rad/s]
[1912]	183	REAL(wp) :: max_torque_gen = 47402.91_wp !< Maximum of the generator torque [Nm]
[1839]	184	REAL(wp) :: slope2 = 2.332287_wp !< Slope constant for region 2
	185	REAL(wp) :: min_reg2 = 91.21091_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 2 [rad/s]
	186	REAL(wp) :: min_reg15 = 70.16224_wp !< Lower generator speed boundary of region 1.5 [rad/s]
[1912]	187	REAL(wp) :: max_trq_rate = 15000.0_wp !< Max generator torque increase [Nm/s]
	188	REAL(wp) :: pitch_rate = 8.0_wp !< Max pitch rate [degree/s]
[1839]	189
[1912]	190
[1819]	191	!
	192	!-- Variables specified in the namelist for yaw control
	193
[1839]	194	REAL(wp) :: yaw_speed = 0.005236_wp !< speed of the yaw actuator [rad/s]
	195	REAL(wp) :: max_miss = 0.08726_wp !< maximum tolerated yaw missalignment [rad]
	196	REAL(wp) :: min_miss = 0.008726_wp !< minimum yaw missalignment for which the actuator stops [rad]
	197
[1819]	198	!
	199	!-- Set flag for output files TURBINE_PARAMETERS
	200	TYPE file_status
	201	LOGICAL :: opened, opened_before
	202	END TYPE file_status
	203
[1912]	204	TYPE(file_status), DIMENSION(500) :: openfile_turb_mod = &
	205	file_status(.FALSE.,.FALSE.)
[1819]	206
	207	!
	208	!-- Variables for initialization of the turbine model
	209
[1839]	210	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	211	INTEGER(iwp) :: nsegs_max !< maximum number of segments (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	212	INTEGER(iwp) :: nrings_max !< maximum number of rings (all turbines, required for allocation of arrays)
	213	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring !< ring loop index (ring number)
	214	INTEGER(iwp) :: rr_int !<
	215	INTEGER(iwp) :: upper_end !<
[1819]	216
[1839]	217	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct !<
[1819]	218
[1912]	219	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_hub !< index belonging to x-position of the turbine
	220	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: i_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (x-direction)
	221	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_hub !< index belonging to y-position of the turbine
	222	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: j_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (y-direction)
	223	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_hub !< index belonging to hub height
	224	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_smear !< index defining the area for the smearing of the forces (z-direction)
	225	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nrings !< number of rings per turbine
	226	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs_total !< total number of segments per turbine
[1819]	227
[1912]	228	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nsegs !< number of segments per ring and turbine
[1819]	229
[1912]	230	!
	231	!- parameters for the smearing from the rotor to the cartesian grid
[1864]	232	REAL(wp) :: pol_a !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
	233	REAL(wp) :: pol_b !< parameter for the polynomial smearing fct
[1912]	234	REAL(wp) :: delta_t_factor !<
[1864]	235	REAL(wp) :: eps_factor !<
[1839]	236	REAL(wp) :: eps_min !<
	237	REAL(wp) :: eps_min2 !<
	238	REAL(wp) :: sqrt_arg !<
[1819]	239
[1839]	240	!
	241	!-- Variables for the calculation of lift and drag coefficients
[1912]	242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ard !<
	243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: crd !<
	244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: delta_r !< radial segment length
	245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lrd !<
[1864]	246
[1912]	247	REAL(wp) :: accu_cl_cd_tab = 0.1_wp !< Accuracy of the interpolation of
	248	!< the lift and drag coeff [deg]
[1819]	249
[1912]	250	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_tab !< table of the blade drag coefficient
	251	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_tab !< table of the blade lift coefficient
[1819]	252
[1912]	253	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: nac_cd_surf !< 3d field of the tower drag coefficient
	254	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: tow_cd_surf !< 3d field of the nacelle drag coefficient
[1819]	255
	256	!
	257	!-- Variables for the calculation of the forces
[1912]	258
[1839]	259	REAL(wp) :: cur_r !<
	260	REAL(wp) :: phi_rotor !<
	261	REAL(wp) :: pre_factor !<
	262	REAL(wp) :: torque_seg !<
	263	REAL(wp) :: u_int_l !<
	264	REAL(wp) :: u_int_u !<
	265	REAL(wp) :: u_rot !<
	266	REAL(wp) :: v_int_l !<
	267	REAL(wp) :: v_int_u !<
	268	REAL(wp) :: w_int_l !<
	269	REAL(wp) :: w_int_u !<
[1912]	270	!
	271	!- Tendencies from the nacelle and tower thrust
	272	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_x = 0.0_wp !<
	273	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_x = 0.0_wp !<
	274	REAL(wp) :: tend_nac_y = 0.0_wp !<
	275	REAL(wp) :: tend_tow_y = 0.0_wp !<
[1819]	276
[1912]	277	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack !<
	278	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chord !<
	279	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: phi_rel !<
	280	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_total !<
	281	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_rotor !<
	282	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl !<
	283	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd !<
	284	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vrel !<
	285	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vtheta !<
	286
	287	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rbx, rby, rbz !< coordinates of the blade elements
	288	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rotx, roty, rotz !< normal vectors to the rotor coordinates
	289
	290	!
	291	!- Fields for the interpolation of velocities on the rotor grid
	292	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int !<
	293	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_int_1_l !<
	294	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int !<
	295	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_int_1_l !<
	296	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int !<
	297	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_int_1_l !<
	298
	299	!
	300	!- rotor tendencies on the segments
	301	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_seg !<
	302	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_y !<
	303	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_seg_z !<
	304
	305	!
	306	!- rotor tendencies on the rings
	307	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust_ring !<
	308	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_y !<
	309	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_ring_z !<
	310
	311	!
	312	!- rotor tendencies on rotor grids for all turbines
	313	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: thrust !<
	314	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_y !<
	315	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: torque_z !<
	316
	317	!
	318	!- rotor tendencies on coordinate grid
	319	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_x !<
	320	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_y !<
	321	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rot_tend_z !<
	322	!
	323	!- variables for the rotation of the rotor coordinates
	324	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100,1:3,1:3) :: rot_coord_trans !< matrix for rotation of rotor coordinates
	325
[1839]	326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_rad !<
	327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_azi !<
	328	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rot_eigen_nor !<
	329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: re !<
	330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rea !<
	331	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: ren !<
	332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rote !<
	333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rota !<
	334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: rotn !<
[1819]	335
[1839]	336	!
	337	!-- Fixed variables for the speed controller
[1819]	338
[1912]	339	LOGICAL :: start_up = .TRUE. !<
[1864]	340
[1912]	341	REAL(wp) :: Fcorner !< corner freq for the controller low pass filter
	342	REAL(wp) :: min_reg25 !< min region 2.5
	343	REAL(wp) :: om_rate !< rotor speed change
	344	REAL(wp) :: slope15 !< slope in region 1.5
	345	REAL(wp) :: slope25 !< slope in region 2.5
	346	REAL(wp) :: trq_rate !< torque change
	347	REAL(wp) :: vs_sysp !<
	348	REAL(wp) :: lp_coeff !< coeff for the controller low pass filter
[1819]	349
[1864]	350	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(100) :: omega_rot_l = 0.0_wp !< local rot speed [rad/s]
[2563]	351
[1839]	352	!
	353	!-- Fixed variables for the yaw controller
[1819]	354
[1912]	355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: yawdir !< direction to yaw
	356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: phi_yaw_l !< local (cpu) yaw angle
	357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd30_l !< local (cpu) long running avg of the wd
	358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wd2_l !< local (cpu) short running avg of the wd
	359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir !< wind direction at hub
	360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow !< wind speed at hub
	361	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: wdir_l !<
	362	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:) , ALLOCATABLE :: u_inflow_l !<
	363	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd30 !<
	364	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: wd2 !<
	365	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(1:100) :: doyaw = .FALSE. !<
	366	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDLON !<
	367	INTEGER(iwp) :: WDSHO !<
[1819]	368
[2563]	369	!
	370	!-- Variables that have to be saved in the binary file for restarts
	371	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: pitch_add_old = 0.0_wp !< old constant pitch angle
	372	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen = 0.0_wp !< curr. generator speed
	373	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f = 0.0_wp !< filtered generator speed
	374	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator speed
	375	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: omega_gen_f_old = 0.0_wp !< last filtered generator speed
	376	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen = 0.0_wp !< generator torque
	377	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:100) :: torque_gen_old = 0.0_wp !< last generator torque
[1819]	378
[2563]	379
[1839]	380	SAVE
[1819]	381
[1839]	382
	383	INTERFACE wtm_parin
	384	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_parin
	385	END INTERFACE wtm_parin
[2563]	386
[2576]	387	INTERFACE wtm_skip_var_list
	388	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_skip_var_list
	389	END INTERFACE wtm_skip_var_list
	390
[2563]	391	INTERFACE wtm_write_restart_data
	392	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_write_restart_data
	393	END INTERFACE wtm_write_restart_data
	394
	395	INTERFACE wtm_read_restart_data
	396	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_restart_data
	397	END INTERFACE wtm_read_restart_data
[1912]	398
	399	INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
	400	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_check_parameters
	401	END INTERFACE wtm_check_parameters
[1839]	402
	403	INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	404	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_arrays
	405	END INTERFACE wtm_init_arrays
	406
	407	INTERFACE wtm_init
	408	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init
	409	END INTERFACE wtm_init
	410
[1912]	411	INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
	412	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_read_blade_tables
	413	END INTERFACE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	414
[1819]	415	INTERFACE wtm_forces
	416	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_forces
[2553]	417	END INTERFACE wtm_forces
	418
	419	INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1839]	420	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_yawcontrol
[2553]	421	END INTERFACE wtm_yawcontrol
[1864]	422
	423	INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	424	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_rotate_rotor
	425	END INTERFACE wtm_rotate_rotor
	426
	427	INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
	428	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_init_speed_control
	429	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_speed_control
	430	END INTERFACE wtm_speed_control
[1819]	431
	432	INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
	433	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies
	434	MODULE PROCEDURE wtm_tendencies_ij
	435	END INTERFACE wtm_tendencies
[1864]	436
	437
[1912]	438	PUBLIC wtm_check_parameters, wtm_forces, wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, &
[2576]	439	wtm_parin, wtm_write_restart_data, wtm_tendencies, wtm_skip_var_list
[1819]	440
[2563]	441
[1819]	442	CONTAINS
	443
	444
	445	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	446	! Description:
	447	! ------------
[1839]	448	!> Parin for &wind_turbine_par for wind turbine model
[1819]	449	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	450	SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
[1819]	451
	452
	453	IMPLICIT NONE
[1912]	454
	455	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
[1819]	456
[1839]	457	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	458
	459	NAMELIST /wind_turbine_par/ air_dens, dtow, gear_eff, gear_ratio, &
[1864]	460	gen_eff, inertia_gen, inertia_rot, max_miss, &
[1839]	461	max_torque_gen, max_trq_rate, min_miss, &
[1864]	462	min_reg15, min_reg2, nairfoils, nturbines, &
[1912]	463	omega_rot, phi_yaw, pitch_add, pitch_control,&
[1839]	464	rated_genspeed, rated_power, rcx, rcy, rcz, &
	465	rnac, rr, segment_length, segment_width, &
[1864]	466	slope2, speed_control, tilt, time_turbine_on,&
[2349]	467	turb_cd_nacelle, turb_cd_tower, pitch_rate, &
[2152]	468	yaw_control, yaw_speed, tl_cor
[1839]	469
[1819]	470	!
[1839]	471	!-- Try to find wind turbine model package
	472	REWIND ( 11 )
	473	line = ' '
	474	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&wind_turbine_par' ) == 0 )
	475	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
	476	ENDDO
	477	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	478
	479	!
	480	!-- Read user-defined namelist
[1912]	481	READ ( 11, wind_turbine_par, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[2349]	482
[1912]	483	IF ( ierrn < 0 ) THEN
[2349]	484	message_string = 'no wind_turbine_par-NAMELIST found: ' // &
	485	'End of file has reached'
[2322]	486	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0460', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2349]	487	ELSEIF ( ierrn > 0 ) THEN
	488	message_string = 'errors in wind_turbine_par-NAMELIST: ' // &
	489	'some variables for steering may not be properly set'
	490	CALL message( 'wtm_parin', 'PA0466', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	491	ENDIF
	492
[1839]	493	!
	494	!-- Set flag that indicates that the wind turbine model is switched on
	495	wind_turbine = .TRUE.
	496
[2563]	497	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	498	CALL wtm_read_restart_data
	499	ENDIF
	500
[1912]	501	10 CONTINUE ! TBD Change from continue, mit ierrn machen
[1839]	502
	503
	504	END SUBROUTINE wtm_parin
	505
[2563]	506
	507	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	508	! Description:
	509	! ------------
[2576]	510	!> Skipping the wind turbine module variables from restart-file (binary format).
	511	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	512	SUBROUTINE wtm_skip_var_list
	513
	514	IMPLICIT NONE
	515
	516	CHARACTER (LEN=1) :: cdum
	517	CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: variable_chr
	518
	519	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	520
	521	DO WHILE ( TRIM( variable_chr ) /= '* end wtm *' )
	522
	523	READ ( 13 ) cdum
	524	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	525
	526	ENDDO
	527
	528	END SUBROUTINE wtm_skip_var_list
	529
	530
	531	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	532	! Description:
	533	! ------------
[2563]	534	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
	535	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	536	SUBROUTINE wtm_write_restart_data
	537
	538	IMPLICIT NONE
	539
	540	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen '
	541	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen
	542	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen_f '
	543	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f
	544	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen_f_old '
	545	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_f_old
	546	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_gen_old '
	547	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_gen_old
	548	WRITE ( 14 ) 'omega_rot '
	549	WRITE ( 14 ) omega_rot
	550	WRITE ( 14 ) 'phi_yaw '
	551	WRITE ( 14 ) phi_yaw(:)
	552	WRITE ( 14 ) 'pitch_add '
	553	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add
	554	WRITE ( 14 ) 'pitch_add_old '
	555	WRITE ( 14 ) pitch_add_old
	556	WRITE ( 14 ) 'torque_gen '
	557	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen
	558	WRITE ( 14 ) 'torque_gen_old '
	559	WRITE ( 14 ) torque_gen_old
	560
	561	WRITE ( 14 ) '* end wtm * '
	562
	563	END SUBROUTINE wtm_write_restart_data
	564
	565
	566	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	567	! Description:
	568	! ------------
	569	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
	570	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	571	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_restart_data
	572
	573
	574	IMPLICIT NONE
	575
	576	CHARACTER (LEN=30) :: variable_chr !< dummy variable to read string
	577
	578
	579	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	580	DO WHILE ( TRIM( variable_chr ) /= '* end wtm *' )
	581
	582	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable_chr ) )
	583
	584	CASE ( 'omega_gen' )
	585	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen
	586	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f' )
	587	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f
[2576]	588	CASE ( 'omega_gen_f_old' )
	589	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_f_old
[2563]	590	CASE ( 'omega_gen_old' )
	591	READ ( 13 ) omega_gen_old
	592	CASE ( 'omega_rot' )
	593	READ ( 13 ) omega_rot
	594	CASE ( 'phi_yaw' )
	595	READ ( 13 ) phi_yaw
	596	CASE ( 'pitch_add' )
	597	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add
	598	CASE ( 'pitch_add_old' )
	599	READ ( 13 ) pitch_add_old
	600	CASE ( 'torque_gen' )
	601	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen
	602	CASE ( 'torque_gen_old' )
	603	READ ( 13 ) torque_gen_old
	604
	605	END SELECT
[2576]	606
[2563]	607	READ ( 13 ) variable_chr
	608
	609	ENDDO
	610
	611	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_restart_data
	612
	613
	614	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	615	! Description:
	616	! ------------
	617	!> Check namelist parameter
	618	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	619	SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	620
	621
	622	IMPLICIT NONE
	623
	624	IF ( ( .NOT.speed_control ) .AND. pitch_control ) THEN
	625	message_string = 'pitch_control = .TRUE. requires '// &
	626	'speed_control = .TRUE.'
[2322]	627	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0461', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	628	ENDIF
	629
[2322]	630	IF ( ANY( omega_rot(1:nturbines) < 0.0 ) ) THEN
	631	message_string = 'omega_rot < 0.0, Please set omega_rot to ' // &
[2410]	632	'a value larger than or equal to zero'
[2322]	633	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0462', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	634	ENDIF
	635
	636
	637	IF ( ANY( rcx(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	638	ANY( rcy(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) .OR. &
	639	ANY( rcz(1:nturbines) == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
	640
	641	message_string = 'rcx, rcy, rcz ' // &
	642	'have to be given for each turbine.'
[2322]	643	CALL message( 'wtm_check_parameters', 'PA0463', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1912]	644
	645	ENDIF
	646
	647
	648	END SUBROUTINE wtm_check_parameters
	649
	650
[1839]	651	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	652	! Description:
	653	! ------------
	654	!> Allocate wind turbine model arrays
	655	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	656	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
	657
	658
	659	IMPLICIT NONE
	660
[1864]	661	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_factor !<
	662	REAL(wp) :: delta_r_init !<
	663
[1839]	664	!
	665	!-- To be able to allocate arrays with dimension of rotor rings and segments,
[1819]	666	!-- the maximum possible numbers of rings and segments have to be calculated:
	667
	668	ALLOCATE( nrings(1:nturbines) )
	669	ALLOCATE( delta_r(1:nturbines) )
	670
	671	nrings(:) = 0
	672	delta_r(:) = 0.0_wp
	673
	674	!
	675	!-- Thickness (radial) of each ring and length (tangential) of each segment:
	676	delta_r_factor = segment_width
	677	delta_t_factor = segment_length
	678	delta_r_init = delta_r_factor * MIN( dx, dy, dz)
	679
	680	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	681	!
	682	!-- Determine number of rings:
	683	nrings(inot) = NINT( rr(inot) / delta_r_init )
	684
	685	delta_r(inot) = rr(inot) / nrings(inot)
	686
	687	ENDDO
	688
	689	nrings_max = MAXVAL(nrings)
	690
	691	ALLOCATE( nsegs(1:nrings_max,1:nturbines) )
	692	ALLOCATE( nsegs_total(1:nturbines) )
	693
	694	nsegs(:,:) = 0
	695	nsegs_total(:) = 0
	696
	697
	698	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	699	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	700	!
	701	!-- Determine number of segments for each ring:
[1839]	702	nsegs(ring,inot) = MAX( 8, CEILING( delta_r_factor * pi * &
	703	( 2.0_wp * ring - 1.0_wp ) / &
	704	delta_t_factor ) )
[1819]	705	ENDDO
	706	!
	707	!-- Total sum of all rotor segments:
[1839]	708	nsegs_total(inot) = SUM( nsegs(:,inot) )
[1819]	709
	710	ENDDO
	711
	712	!
	713	!-- Maximum number of segments per ring:
	714	nsegs_max = MAXVAL(nsegs)
	715
[1864]	716	!!
	717	!!-- TODO: Folgendes im Header ausgeben!
	718	! IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	719	! PRINT*, 'nrings(1) = ', nrings(1)
	720	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	721	! PRINT*, 'nsegs(:,1) = ', nsegs(:,1)
	722	! PRINT*, '--------------------------------------------------'
	723	! PRINT*, 'nrings_max = ', nrings_max
	724	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_max = ', nsegs_max
	725	! PRINT*, 'nsegs_total(1) = ', nsegs_total(1)
	726	! ENDIF
[1819]	727
	728
	729	!
	730	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of turbines)
	731	ALLOCATE( i_hub(1:nturbines) )
	732	ALLOCATE( i_smear(1:nturbines) )
	733	ALLOCATE( j_hub(1:nturbines) )
	734	ALLOCATE( j_smear(1:nturbines) )
	735	ALLOCATE( k_hub(1:nturbines) )
	736	ALLOCATE( k_smear(1:nturbines) )
	737	ALLOCATE( torque_total(1:nturbines) )
[1912]	738	ALLOCATE( thrust_rotor(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	739
	740	!
	741	!-- Allocation of the 1D arrays for yaw control
	742	ALLOCATE( yawdir(1:nturbines) )
	743	ALLOCATE( u_inflow(1:nturbines) )
	744	ALLOCATE( wdir(1:nturbines) )
	745	ALLOCATE( u_inflow_l(1:nturbines) )
	746	ALLOCATE( wdir_l(1:nturbines) )
	747	ALLOCATE( phi_yaw_l(1:nturbines) )
	748
	749	!
	750	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	751	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack(1:nsegs_max) )
	752	ALLOCATE( chord(1:nsegs_max) )
	753	ALLOCATE( phi_rel(1:nsegs_max) )
	754	ALLOCATE( thrust_seg(1:nsegs_max) )
	755	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_y(1:nsegs_max) )
	756	ALLOCATE( torque_seg_z(1:nsegs_max) )
[1839]	757	ALLOCATE( turb_cd(1:nsegs_max) )
	758	ALLOCATE( turb_cl(1:nsegs_max) )
[1819]	759	ALLOCATE( vrel(1:nsegs_max) )
	760	ALLOCATE( vtheta(1:nsegs_max) )
	761
	762	!
	763	!-- Allocate 2D arrays (dimension = number of rotor rings and segments)
	764	ALLOCATE( rbx(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	765	ALLOCATE( rby(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	766	ALLOCATE( rbz(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	767	ALLOCATE( thrust_ring(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	768	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_y(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	769	ALLOCATE( torque_ring_z(1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	770
	771	!
	772	!-- Allocate additional 2D arrays
	773	ALLOCATE( rotx(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	774	ALLOCATE( roty(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	775	ALLOCATE( rotz(1:nturbines,1:3) )
	776
	777	!
	778	!-- Allocate 3D arrays (dimension = number of grid points)
[1912]	779	ALLOCATE( nac_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	780	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_x(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	781	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	782	ALLOCATE( rot_tend_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	783	ALLOCATE( thrust(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	784	ALLOCATE( torque_y(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	785	ALLOCATE( torque_z(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1912]	786	ALLOCATE( tow_cd_surf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1819]	787
	788	!
	789	!-- Allocate additional 3D arrays
	790	ALLOCATE( u_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	791	ALLOCATE( u_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	792	ALLOCATE( v_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	793	ALLOCATE( v_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	794	ALLOCATE( w_int(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	795	ALLOCATE( w_int_1_l(1:nturbines,1:nrings_max,1:nsegs_max) )
	796
	797	!
	798	!-- All of the arrays are initialized with a value of zero:
	799	i_hub(:) = 0
	800	i_smear(:) = 0
	801	j_hub(:) = 0
	802	j_smear(:) = 0
	803	k_hub(:) = 0
	804	k_smear(:) = 0
[1912]	805
[1819]	806	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	807	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	808
[2563]	809	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	810	omega_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	811	omega_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	812	omega_gen_f(:) = 0.0_wp
	813	omega_gen_f_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	814	pitch_add_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	815	torque_gen(:) = 0.0_wp
	816	torque_gen_old(:) = 0.0_wp
	817	ENDIF
	818
[1819]	819	yawdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	820	wdir(:) = 0.0_wp
	821	u_inflow(:) = 0.0_wp
	822
	823	!
	824	!-- Allocate 1D arrays (dimension = number of rotor segments)
	825	alpha_attack(:) = 0.0_wp
	826	chord(:) = 0.0_wp
	827	phi_rel(:) = 0.0_wp
	828	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	829	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	830	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
[1864]	831	turb_cd(:) = 0.0_wp
	832	turb_cl(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	833	vrel(:) = 0.0_wp
	834	vtheta(:) = 0.0_wp
	835
	836	rbx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	837	rby(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	838	rbz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	839	thrust_ring(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	840	torque_ring_y(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	841	torque_ring_z(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	842
	843	rotx(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	844	roty(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	845	rotz(:,:) = 0.0_wp
	846
[1912]	847	nac_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	848	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	849	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	850	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	851	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	852	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	853	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	854	tow_cd_surf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	855
	856	u_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	857	u_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	858	v_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	859	v_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	860	w_int(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	861	w_int_1_l(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	862
	863
[1839]	864	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_arrays
[1819]	865
	866
	867	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	868	! Description:
	869	! ------------
[1839]	870	!> Initialization of the wind turbine model
[1819]	871	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	872	SUBROUTINE wtm_init
[1819]	873
[1839]	874
[1819]	875	IMPLICIT NONE
	876
	877	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	878	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	879	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1864]	880
[1819]	881	!
[1864]	882	!-- Help variables for the smearing function
	883	REAL(wp) :: eps_kernel !<
	884
[1839]	885	!
[1864]	886	!-- Help variables for calculation of the tower drag
	887	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_n !<
	888	INTEGER(iwp) :: tower_s !<
[1839]	889	!
[1864]	890	!-- Help variables for the calulaction of the nacelle drag
	891	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ip !<
	892	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_ipg !<
	893
	894	REAL(wp) :: yvalue
	895	REAL(wp) :: dy_int !<
	896	REAL(wp) :: dz_int !<
	897
	898	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: circle_points !<
	899
	900	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacb !<
	901	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacl !<
	902	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nacr !<
	903	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: index_nact !<
	904
	905	ALLOCATE( index_nacb(1:nturbines) )
	906	ALLOCATE( index_nacl(1:nturbines) )
	907	ALLOCATE( index_nacr(1:nturbines) )
	908	ALLOCATE( index_nact(1:nturbines) )
[1819]	909
	910
[1864]	911	IF ( speed_control) THEN
	912
	913	CALL wtm_speed_control
	914
[2563]	915	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	916
	917	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	918
	919	IF ( nxl > i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	920	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	921	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	922	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	923	ENDIF
	924
	925	IF ( nxr < i_hub(inot) ) THEN
	926	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	927	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	928	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	929	ENDIF
	930
	931	IF ( nys > j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	932	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	933	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	934	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	935	ENDIF
	936
	937	IF ( nyn < j_hub(inot) ) THEN
	938	torque_gen(inot) = 0.0_wp
	939	omega_gen_f(inot) = 0.0_wp
	940	omega_rot_l(inot) = 0.0_wp
	941	ENDIF
	942
	943	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	944	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) ) THEN
	945
	946	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
	947
	948	ENDIF
	949	ENDIF
	950
	951	END DO
	952
	953	ENDIF
	954
[1864]	955	ENDIF
	956
[1839]	957	!
[1819]	958	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	959	!-- Calculation of parameters for the regularization kernel
	960	!-- (smearing of the forces)
[1819]	961	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	962	!
[1839]	963	!-- In the following, some of the required parameters for the smearing will
	964	!-- be calculated:
[1819]	965
[1839]	966	!-- The kernel is set equal to twice the grid spacing which has turned out to
	967	!-- be a reasonable value (see e.g. Troldborg et al. (2013), Wind Energy,
[1819]	968	!-- DOI: 10.1002/we.1608):
	969	eps_kernel = 2.0_wp * dx
	970	!
[1839]	971	!-- The zero point (eps_min) of the polynomial function must be the following
	972	!-- if the integral of the polynomial function (for values < eps_min) shall
	973	!-- be equal to the integral of the Gaussian function used before:
	974	eps_min = ( 105.0_wp / 32.0_wp )*( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) &
	975	pi*( 1.0_wp / 6.0_wp ) eps_kernel
[1819]	976	!
	977	!-- Square of eps_min:
	978	eps_min2 = eps_min**2
	979	!
	980	!-- Parameters in the polynomial function:
[1864]	981	pol_a = 1.0_wp / eps_min**4
	982	pol_b = 2.0_wp / eps_min**2
[1819]	983	!
[1839]	984	!-- Normalization factor which is the inverse of the integral of the smearing
	985	!-- function:
	986	eps_factor = 105.0_wp / ( 32.0_wp * pi * eps_min**3 )
	987
[1864]	988	!-- Change tilt angle to rad:
	989	tilt = tilt * pi / 180.0_wp
	990
[1819]	991	!
[1864]	992	!-- Change yaw angle to rad:
[2563]	993	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	994	phi_yaw(:) = phi_yaw(:) * pi / 180.0_wp
	995	ENDIF
[1819]	996
[1864]	997
[1819]	998	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	999	!
[1864]	1000	!-- Rotate the rotor coordinates in case yaw and tilt are defined
	1001	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1002
	1003	!
	1004	!-- Determine the indices of the hub height
	1005	i_hub(inot) = INT( rcx(inot) / dx )
	1006	j_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1007	k_hub(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz )
	1008
	1009	!
	1010	!-- Determining the area to which the smearing of the forces is applied.
[1839]	1011	!-- As smearing now is effectively applied only for distances smaller than
	1012	!-- eps_min, the smearing area can be further limited and regarded as a
	1013	!-- function of eps_min:
[1819]	1014	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dx )
	1015	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dy )
	1016	k_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) + eps_min ) / dz )
[1864]	1017
[1819]	1018	ENDDO
	1019
	1020	!
	1021	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1839]	1022	!-- Determine the area within each grid cell that overlaps with the area
	1023	!-- of the nacelle and the tower (needed for calculation of the forces)
[1819]	1024	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1025	!
	1026	!-- Note: so far this is only a 2D version, in that the mean flow is
	1027	!-- perpendicular to the rotor area.
	1028
	1029	!
	1030	!-- Allocation of the array containing information on the intersection points
	1031	!-- between rotor disk and the numerical grid:
	1032	upper_end = ( ny + 1 ) * 10000
	1033
	1034	ALLOCATE( circle_points(1:2,1:upper_end) )
[1839]	1035
	1036	circle_points(:,:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1037
[1839]	1038
	1039	DO inot = 1, nturbines ! loop over number of turbines
[1819]	1040	!
[1839]	1041	!-- Determine the grid index (u-grid) that corresponds to the location of
	1042	!-- the rotor center (reduces the amount of calculations in the case that
	1043	!-- the mean flow is perpendicular to the rotor area):
[1819]	1044	i = i_hub(inot)
	1045
	1046	!
[1839]	1047	!-- Determine the left and the right edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1048	!-- grid point indices):
[1819]	1049	index_nacl(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) - rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1050	index_nacr(inot) = INT( ( rcy(inot) + rnac(inot) + 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy )
	1051	!
[1839]	1052	!-- Determine the bottom and the top edge of the nacelle (corresponding
	1053	!-- grid point indices).The grid point index has to be increased by 1, as
	1054	!-- the first level for the u-component (index 0) is situated below the
	1055	!-- surface. All points between z=0 and z=dz/s would already be contained
	1056	!-- in grid box 1.
[1819]	1057	index_nacb(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) - rnac(inot) ) / dz ) + 1
	1058	index_nact(inot) = INT( ( rcz(inot) + rnac(inot) ) / dz ) + 1
	1059
	1060	!
	1061	!-- Determine the indices of the grid boxes containing the left and
[1864]	1062	!-- the right boundaries of the tower:
[1819]	1063	tower_n = ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1064	tower_s = ( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) - 0.5_wp * dy ) / dy
	1065
	1066	!
	1067	!-- Determine the fraction of the grid box area overlapping with the tower
[1864]	1068	!-- area and multiply it with the drag of the tower:
[1839]	1069	IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1819]	1070
	1071	DO j = nys, nyn
	1072	!
[1839]	1073	!-- Loop from south to north boundary of tower
	1074	IF ( ( j >= tower_s ) .AND. ( j <= tower_n ) ) THEN
	1075
[1819]	1076	DO k = nzb, nzt
	1077
	1078	IF ( k == k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1079	IF ( tower_n - tower_s >= 1 ) THEN
[1839]	1080	!
[1819]	1081	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1082	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1083	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	1084	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * & ! extension in z-direction
	1085	( ( tower_s + 1.0_wp + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1086	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1087	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1088	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1089	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	1090	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * & ! extension in z-direction
	1091	( ( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1092	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) * & ! extension in y-direction
	1093	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1094	!
	1095	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1096	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1097	ELSE
[1912]	1098	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
	1099	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * &
	1100	dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1101	ENDIF
	1102	!
	1103	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1104	ELSE
[1912]	1105	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = ( rcz(inot) - &
[1839]	1106	( k_hub(inot) * dz - 0.5_wp * dz ) ) * &
[1912]	1107	dtow(inot) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1108	ENDIF
[1839]	1109	!
	1110	!-- In case that k is smaller than k_hub the following actions
	1111	!-- are carried out:
[1819]	1112	ELSEIF ( k < k_hub(inot) ) THEN
	1113
[1839]	1114	IF ( ( tower_n - tower_s ) >= 1 ) THEN
	1115	!
[1819]	1116	!-- leftmost and rightmost grid box:
	1117	IF ( j == tower_s ) THEN
[1912]	1118	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * ( &
[1839]	1119	( tower_s + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - &
	1120	( rcy(inot) - 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) &
[1912]	1121	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1122	ELSEIF ( j == tower_n ) THEN
[1912]	1123	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * ( &
[1839]	1124	( rcy(inot) + 0.5_wp * dtow(inot) ) - &
	1125	( tower_n + 0.5_wp ) * dy &
[1912]	1126	) * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1127	!
	1128	!-- grid boxes inbetween
[1912]	1129	!-- (where tow_cd_surf = grid box area):
[1819]	1130	ELSE
[1912]	1131	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * dy * turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1819]	1132	ENDIF
[1839]	1133	!
[1819]	1134	!-- tower lies completely within one grid box:
	1135	ELSE
[1912]	1136	tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) = dz * dtow(inot) * &
	1137	turb_cd_tower(inot)
[1839]	1138	ENDIF ! end if larger than grid box
	1139
	1140	ENDIF ! end if k == k_hub
	1141
	1142	ENDDO ! end loop over k
	1143
	1144	ENDIF ! end if inside north and south boundary of tower
	1145
	1146	ENDDO ! end loop over j
	1147
	1148	ENDIF ! end if hub inside domain + ghostpoints
[1819]	1149
[1839]	1150
[1912]	1151	CALL exchange_horiz( tow_cd_surf, nbgp )
[1819]	1152
[1839]	1153	!
[1864]	1154	!-- Calculation of the nacelle area
	1155	!-- CAUTION: Currently disabled due to segmentation faults on the FLOW HPC
	1156	!-- cluster (Oldenburg)
	1157	!!
	1158	!!-- Tabulate the points on the circle that are required in the following for
	1159	!!-- the calculation of the Riemann integral (node points; they are called
	1160	!!-- circle_points in the following):
	1161	!
	1162	! dy_int = dy / 10000.0_wp
	1163	!
	1164	! DO i_ip = 1, upper_end
	1165	! yvalue = dy_int * ( i_ip - 0.5_wp ) + 0.5_wp * dy !<--- segmentation fault
	1166	! sqrt_arg = rnac(inot)2 - ( yvalue - rcy(inot) )2 !<--- segmentation fault
	1167	! IF ( sqrt_arg >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1168	!!
	1169	!!-- bottom intersection point
	1170	! circle_points(1,i_ip) = rcz(inot) - SQRT( sqrt_arg )
	1171	!!
	1172	!!-- top intersection point
	1173	! circle_points(2,i_ip) = rcz(inot) + SQRT( sqrt_arg ) !<--- segmentation fault
	1174	! ELSE
	1175	! circle_points(:,i_ip) = -111111 !<--- segmentation fault
	1176	! ENDIF
	1177	! ENDDO
	1178	!
	1179	!
	1180	! DO j = nys, nyn
	1181	!!
	1182	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the nacelle
	1183	!!-- (y) it can automatically be stated that there is no overlap between
	1184	!!-- the grid box and the nacelle and consequently we can set
[1912]	1185	!!-- nac_cd_surf(:,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1186	! IF ( ( j >= index_nacl(inot) ) .AND. ( j <= index_nacr(inot) ) ) THEN
	1187	! DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1188	!!
	1189	!!-- In case that the grid box is located completely outside the
	1190	!!-- nacelle (z) it can automatically be stated that there is no
	1191	!!-- overlap between the grid box and the nacelle and consequently
[1912]	1192	!!-- we can set nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = 0.0:
[1864]	1193	! IF ( ( k >= index_nacb(inot) ) .OR. &
	1194	! ( k <= index_nact(inot) ) ) THEN
	1195	!!
	1196	!!-- For all other cases Riemann integrals are calculated.
	1197	!!-- Here, the points on the circle that have been determined
	1198	!!-- above are used in order to calculate the overlap between the
	1199	!!-- gridbox and the nacelle area (area approached by 10000
	1200	!!-- rectangulars dz_int * dy_int):
	1201	! DO i_ipg = 1, 10000
	1202	! dz_int = dz
	1203	! i_ip = j * 10000 + i_ipg
	1204	!!
	1205	!!-- Determine the vertical extension dz_int of the circle
	1206	!!-- within the current grid box:
	1207	! IF ( ( circle_points(2,i_ip) < zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1208	! ( circle_points(2,i_ip) >= zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1209	! dz_int = dz_int - & !<--- segmentation fault
	1210	! ( zw(k) - circle_points(2,i_ip) )
	1211	! ENDIF
	1212	! IF ( ( circle_points(1,i_ip) <= zw(k) ) .AND. & !<--- segmentation fault
	1213	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) > zw(k-1) ) ) THEN
	1214	! dz_int = dz_int - &
	1215	! ( circle_points(1,i_ip) - zw(k-1) )
	1216	! ENDIF
	1217	! IF ( zw(k-1) > circle_points(2,i_ip) ) THEN
	1218	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1219	! ENDIF
	1220	! IF ( zw(k) < circle_points(1,i_ip) ) THEN
	1221	! dz_int = 0.0_wp
	1222	! ENDIF
	1223	! IF ( ( nxlg <= i ) .AND. ( nxrg >= i ) ) THEN
[1912]	1224	! nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) = nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) + & !<--- segmentation fault
	1225	! dy_int * dz_int * turb_cd_nacelle(inot)
[1864]	1226	! ENDIF
	1227	! ENDDO
	1228	! ENDIF
	1229	! ENDDO
	1230	! ENDIF
[1819]	1231	!
[1864]	1232	! ENDDO
[1819]	1233	!
[1912]	1234	! CALL exchange_horiz( nac_cd_surf, nbgp ) !<--- segmentation fault
[1819]	1235
[1864]	1236	ENDDO ! end of loop over turbines
[1819]	1237
[1912]	1238	tow_cd_surf = tow_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz ) ! Normalize tower drag
	1239	nac_cd_surf = nac_cd_surf / ( dx * dy * dz ) ! Normalize nacelle drag
[1819]	1240
[1912]	1241	CALL wtm_read_blade_tables
[1839]	1242
[1864]	1243	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init
	1244
	1245
[1819]	1246	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1864]	1247	! Description:
	1248	! ------------
	1249	!> Read in layout of the rotor blade , the lift and drag tables
	1250	!> and the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade
[1819]	1251	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1912]	1252	!
	1253	SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1254
[1839]	1255
[1864]	1256	IMPLICIT NONE
	1257
	1258	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< running index
	1259	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< running index
[1843]	1260
[1864]	1261	INTEGER(iwp) :: ierrn !<
	1262
	1263	CHARACTER(200) :: chmess !< Read in string
[1839]	1264
[1864]	1265	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlen !< no. rows of local table
	1266	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl !< no. rows of cd, cl table
	1267	INTEGER(iwp) :: ialpha !< table position of current alpha value
	1268	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha !<
	1269	INTEGER(iwp) :: iir !<
	1270	INTEGER(iwp) :: radres !< radial resolution
	1271	INTEGER(iwp) :: t1 !< no. of airfoil
	1272	INTEGER(iwp) :: t2 !< no. of airfoil
	1273	INTEGER(iwp) :: trow !<
	1274	INTEGER(iwp) :: dlenbl_int !< no. rows of interpolated cd, cl tables
[1839]	1275
[1864]	1276	REAL(wp) :: alpha_attack_i !<
	1277	REAL(wp) :: weight_a !<
	1278	REAL(wp) :: weight_b !<
[1839]	1279
[1864]	1280	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint1 !<
	1281	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ttoint2 !<
[1839]	1282
[1864]	1283	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel1 !<
	1284	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_sel2 !<
	1285	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel1 !<
	1286	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_sel2 !<
	1287	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: read_cl_cd !< read in var array
[1839]	1288
[1864]	1289	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: alpha_attack_tab !<
	1290	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad1 !<
	1291	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: trad2 !<
	1292	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cd_table !<
	1293	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: turb_cl_table !<
[1839]	1294
[1864]	1295	ALLOCATE ( read_cl_cd(1:2*nairfoils+1) )
[1839]	1296
[1864]	1297	!
	1298	!-- Read in the distribution of lift and drag tables along the blade, the
	1299	!-- layout of the rotor blade and the lift and drag tables:
	1300
[2323]	1301	OPEN ( 90, FILE='WTM_DATA', STATUS='OLD', FORM='FORMATTED', IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1302
	1303	IF ( ierrn /= 0 ) THEN
	1304	message_string = 'file WTM_DATA does not exist'
[2322]	1305	CALL message( 'wtm_init', 'PA0464', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1864]	1306	ENDIF
	1307	!
	1308	!-- Read distribution table:
	1309
	1310	dlen = 0
	1311
[2323]	1312	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1313
	1314	rloop3: DO
[2323]	1315	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1316	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop3
	1317	dlen = dlen + 1
	1318	ENDDO rloop3
	1319
	1320	ALLOCATE( trad1(1:dlen), trad2(1:dlen), ttoint1(1:dlen), ttoint2(1:dlen))
	1321
	1322	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1323	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1324	ENDDO
	1325
	1326	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1327	READ ( 90, * ) trad1(jj), trad2(jj), ttoint1(jj), ttoint2(jj)
[1864]	1328	ENDDO
	1329
	1330	!
	1331	!-- Read layout table:
	1332
[1839]	1333	dlen = 0
[1864]	1334
[2323]	1335	READ ( 90, '(3/)')
[1864]	1336
[1843]	1337	rloop1: DO
[2323]	1338	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1339	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop1
	1340	dlen = dlen + 1
[1843]	1341	ENDDO rloop1
[1864]	1342
[1839]	1343	ALLOCATE( lrd(1:dlen), ard(1:dlen), crd(1:dlen) )
[1864]	1344	DO jj = 1, dlen+1
[2323]	1345	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1346	ENDDO
	1347	DO jj = 1, dlen
[2323]	1348	READ ( 90, * ) lrd(jj), ard(jj), crd(jj)
[1839]	1349	ENDDO
[1819]	1350
[1864]	1351	!
	1352	!-- Read tables (turb_cl(alpha),turb_cd(alpha) for the different profiles:
[1819]	1353
[1864]	1354	dlen = 0
	1355
[2323]	1356	READ ( 90, '(3/)' )
[1864]	1357
[1843]	1358	rloop2: DO
[2323]	1359	READ ( 90, *, IOSTAT=ierrn ) chmess
[1864]	1360	IF ( ierrn < 0 .OR. chmess == '#' .OR. chmess == '') EXIT rloop2
	1361	dlen = dlen + 1
	1362	ENDDO rloop2
	1363
[1912]	1364	ALLOCATE( alpha_attack_tab(1:dlen), turb_cl_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils), &
[1864]	1365	turb_cd_table(1:dlen,1:nairfoils) )
	1366
	1367	DO jj = 1,dlen+1
[2323]	1368	BACKSPACE ( 90, IOSTAT=ierrn )
[1864]	1369	ENDDO
	1370
[1839]	1371	DO jj = 1,dlen
[2323]	1372	READ ( 90, * ) read_cl_cd
[1864]	1373	alpha_attack_tab(jj) = read_cl_cd(1)
	1374	DO ii= 1, nairfoils
	1375	turb_cl_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2)
	1376	turb_cd_table(jj,ii) = read_cl_cd(ii*2+1)
[1819]	1377	ENDDO
[1864]	1378
[1839]	1379	ENDDO
[1864]	1380
	1381	dlenbl = dlen
	1382
[2323]	1383	CLOSE ( 90 )
[1819]	1384
[1864]	1385	!
	1386	!-- For each possible radial position (resolution: 0.1 m --> 630 values) and
	1387	!-- each possible angle of attack (resolution: 0.01 degrees --> 36000 values!)
	1388	!-- determine the lift and drag coefficient by interpolating between the
	1389	!-- tabulated values of each table (interpolate to current angle of attack)
	1390	!-- and between the tables (interpolate to current radial position):
[1839]	1391
[1864]	1392	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel1(0:dlenbl) )
	1393	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_sel2(0:dlenbl) )
	1394	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel1(0:dlenbl) )
	1395	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_sel2(0:dlenbl) )
[1819]	1396
[1864]	1397	radres = INT( rr(1) * 10.0_wp ) + 1_iwp
	1398	dlenbl_int = INT( 360.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) + 1_iwp
[1839]	1399
[1864]	1400
	1401	ALLOCATE( turb_cl_tab(0:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1402	ALLOCATE( turb_cd_tab(0:dlenbl_int,1:radres) )
	1403
	1404
	1405	DO iir = 1, radres ! loop over radius
	1406
	1407	DO iialpha = 1, dlenbl_int ! loop over angles
	1408
	1409	cur_r = ( iir - 1_iwp ) * 0.1_wp
	1410	alpha_attack_i = -180.0_wp + REAL( iialpha-1 ) * accu_cl_cd_tab
	1411	ialpha = 1
	1412
[2152]	1413	DO WHILE ( ( alpha_attack_i > alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) ) .AND. (ialpha <= dlen ) )
[1864]	1414	ialpha = ialpha + 1
	1415	ENDDO
[1819]	1416	!
[1864]	1417	!-- Find position in table
	1418	lct = MINLOC( ABS( trad1 - cur_r ) )
	1419	! lct(1) = lct(1)
[1819]	1420
[1864]	1421	IF ( ( trad1(lct(1)) - cur_r ) .GT. 0.0 ) THEN
	1422	lct(1) = lct(1) - 1
	1423	ENDIF
[1819]	1424
[1864]	1425	trow = lct(1)
	1426	!
	1427	!-- Calculate weights for interpolation
	1428	weight_a = ( trad2(trow) - cur_r ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1429	weight_b = ( cur_r - trad1(trow) ) / ( trad2(trow) - trad1(trow) )
	1430	t1 = ttoint1(trow)
	1431	t2 = ttoint2(trow)
[1819]	1432
[1912]	1433	IF ( t1 .EQ. t2 ) THEN ! if both are the same, the weights are NaN
	1434	weight_a = 0.5_wp ! then do interpolate in between same twice
	1435	weight_b = 0.5_wp ! using 0.5 as weight
[1864]	1436	ENDIF
[1819]	1437
[1864]	1438	IF ( t1 == 0 .AND. t2 == 0 ) THEN
	1439	turb_cd_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1440	turb_cd_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1441	turb_cl_sel1 = 0.0_wp
	1442	turb_cl_sel2 = 0.0_wp
	1443	ELSE
	1444	turb_cd_sel1 = turb_cd_table(:,t1)
	1445	turb_cd_sel2 = turb_cd_table(:,t2)
	1446	turb_cl_sel1 = turb_cl_table(:,t1)
	1447	turb_cl_sel2 = turb_cl_table(:,t2)
	1448	ENDIF
	1449
[1912]	1450	!
	1451	!-- Interpolation of lift and drag coefficiencts on fine grid of radius
	1452	!-- segments and angles of attack
	1453
	1454	turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1455	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1456	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1457	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1458	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1459	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1460	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1461	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1462	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1463	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1464	( weight_a * turb_cl_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1465	weight_b * turb_cl_sel2(ialpha) )
[1912]	1466	turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir) = ( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1467	alpha_attack_i ) / &
[1864]	1468	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1469	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1470	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha-1) + &
	1471	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha-1) ) +&
	1472	( alpha_attack_i - &
	1473	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) / &
	1474	( alpha_attack_tab(ialpha) - &
	1475	alpha_attack_tab(ialpha-1) ) * &
	1476	( weight_a * turb_cd_sel1(ialpha) + &
	1477	weight_b * turb_cd_sel2(ialpha) )
[1819]	1478
[1912]	1479	ENDDO ! end loop over angles of attack
[1819]	1480
[1864]	1481	ENDDO ! end loop over radius
	1482
[1912]	1483	END SUBROUTINE wtm_read_blade_tables
[1819]	1484
	1485
[1864]	1486	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1487	! Description:
	1488	! ------------
	1489	!> The projection matrix for the coordinate system of therotor disc in respect
	1490	!> to the yaw and tilt angle of the rotor is calculated
	1491	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1492	SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	1493
[1864]	1494
	1495	IMPLICIT NONE
	1496
	1497	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	1498	!
	1499	!-- Calculation of the rotation matrix for the application of the tilt to
	1500	!-- the rotors
	1501	rot_eigen_rad(1) = SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the radial eigenvector
	1502	rot_eigen_rad(2) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the radial eigenvector
	1503	rot_eigen_rad(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the radial eigenvector
	1504
	1505	rot_eigen_azi(1) = 0.0_wp ! x-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1506	rot_eigen_azi(2) = 0.0_wp ! y-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1507	rot_eigen_azi(3) = 1.0_wp ! z-component of the azimuth eigenvector
	1508
	1509	rot_eigen_nor(1) = COS( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! x-component of the normal eigenvector
	1510	rot_eigen_nor(2) = -SIN( phi_yaw(inot) ) ! y-component of the normal eigenvector
	1511	rot_eigen_nor(3) = 0.0_wp ! z-component of the normal eigenvector
[1839]	1512
[1864]	1513	!
	1514	!-- Calculation of the coordinate transformation matrix to apply a tilt to
	1515	!-- the rotor. If tilt = 0, rot_coord_trans is a unit matrix.
[1819]	1516
[1912]	1517	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,1) = rot_eigen_rad(1)*2 &
[1864]	1518	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1519	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,2) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1520	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1521	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1522	rot_coord_trans(inot,1,3) = rot_eigen_rad(1) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1523	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1524	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1525	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,1) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1526	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1527	rot_eigen_rad(3) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1528	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,2) = rot_eigen_rad(2)*2 &
[1864]	1529	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1912]	1530	rot_coord_trans(inot,2,3) = rot_eigen_rad(2) * rot_eigen_rad(3) * &
	1531	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1532	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1533	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,1) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(1) * &
	1534	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) - &
[1864]	1535	rot_eigen_rad(2) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1536	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,2) = rot_eigen_rad(3) * rot_eigen_rad(2) * &
	1537	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + &
[1864]	1538	rot_eigen_rad(1) * SIN( tilt )
[1912]	1539	rot_coord_trans(inot,3,3) = rot_eigen_rad(3)*2 &
[1864]	1540	( 1.0_wp - COS( tilt ) ) + COS( tilt )
[1839]	1541
[1864]	1542	!
	1543	!-- Vectors for the Transformation of forces from the rotor's spheric
	1544	!-- coordinate system to the cartesian coordinate system
	1545	rotx(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_nor )
	1546	roty(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_rad )
	1547	rotz(inot,:) = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rot_eigen_azi )
	1548
	1549	END SUBROUTINE wtm_rotate_rotor
[1839]	1550
	1551
[1819]	1552	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1553	! Description:
	1554	! ------------
[1839]	1555	!> Calculation of the forces generated by the wind turbine
[1819]	1556	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1557	SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	1558
[1864]	1559
[1819]	1560	IMPLICIT NONE
	1561
[2669]	1562	CHARACTER (LEN=4) :: turbine_id
[1819]	1563
[1839]	1564	INTEGER(iwp) :: i, j, k !< loop indices
	1565	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot !< turbine loop index (turbine id)
	1566	INTEGER(iwp) :: iialpha, iir !<
	1567	INTEGER(iwp) :: rseg, rseg_int !<
	1568	INTEGER(iwp) :: ring, ring_int !<
	1569	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii, jj, kk !<
[1912]	1570
[2232]	1571	REAL(wp) :: flag !< flag to mask topography grid points
[1839]	1572	REAL(wp) :: sin_rot, cos_rot !<
	1573	REAL(wp) :: sin_yaw, cos_yaw !<
[1912]	1574
	1575	REAL(wp) :: aa, bb, cc, dd !< interpolation distances
	1576	REAL(wp) :: gg !< interpolation volume var
	1577
	1578	REAL(wp) :: dist_u_3d, dist_v_3d, dist_w_3d !< smearing distances
	1579
	1580
[1839]	1581	!
[1819]	1582	! Variables for pitch control
	1583	REAL(wp) :: torque_max=0.0_wp
[1839]	1584	LOGICAL :: pitch_sw=.FALSE.
	1585
[1819]	1586	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(1) :: lct=0
[1839]	1587	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1) :: rad_d=0.0_wp
[2152]	1588
	1589	REAL(wp) :: tl_factor !< factor for tip loss correction
[1819]	1590
	1591
[1864]	1592	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'start' )
[1819]	1593
	1594
	1595	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
	1596
[1864]	1597	!
[1819]	1598	!-- Set forces to zero for each new time step:
	1599	thrust(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1600	torque_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1601	torque_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1602	torque_total(:) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1603	rot_tend_x(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1604	rot_tend_y(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1605	rot_tend_z(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp
	1606	thrust_rotor(:) = 0.0_wp
[1819]	1607	!
	1608	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	1609	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	1610
	1611	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1612	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1613	!
[1839]	1614	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1615	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1616
	1617	thrust_seg(:) = 0.0_wp
	1618	torque_seg_y(:) = 0.0_wp
	1619	torque_seg_z(:) = 0.0_wp
	1620	!
	1621	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1622	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
	1623
	1624	!
[1839]	1625	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1626	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1627	!
[1864]	1628	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1629	!-- !-- Determine coordinates of the ring segments --!
	1630	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1631	!
[1864]	1632	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1633	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1634	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1635	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1636	cos_rot = COS( phi_rotor )
	1637	sin_rot = SIN( phi_rotor )
	1638
[1864]	1639	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1640	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1641	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
[1839]	1642	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
[1819]	1643	re(3) = sin_rot
	1644
	1645	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1646	!
	1647	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1648	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1649	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1650	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1651
[1864]	1652	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1653	!-- !-- Interpolation of the velocity components from the --!
	1654	!-- !-- cartesian grid point to the coordinates of each ring --!
	1655	!-- !-- segment (follows a method used in the particle model) --!
	1656	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1657
	1658	u_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1659	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1660
	1661	v_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1662	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1663
	1664	w_int(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1665	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1666
	1667	!
	1668	!-- Interpolation of the u-component:
	1669
	1670	ii = rbx(ring,rseg) * ddx
	1671	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[2553]	1672	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz
[1819]	1673	!
[1864]	1674	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1675	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1676	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1677	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1678
[1839]	1679	aa = ( ( ii + 1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1680	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1681	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1682	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1683	cc = ( ( ii+1 ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1684	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1685	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ii * dx ) * &
	1686	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1687	gg = dx * dy
	1688
[1864]	1689	u_int_l = ( aa * u(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1690	bb * u(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1691	cc * u(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1692	dd * u(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1693	) / gg
	1694
[1864]	1695	u_int_u = ( aa * u(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1696	bb * u(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1697	cc * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1698	dd * u(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1699	) / gg
	1700
[1864]	1701	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = u_int_l + &
	1702	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1703	( u_int_u - u_int_l )
	1704
	1705	ELSE
	1706	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1707	ENDIF
	1708	ELSE
	1709	u_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1710	ENDIF
	1711
	1712
	1713	!
	1714	!-- Interpolation of the v-component:
	1715	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
[1839]	1716	jj = rby(ring,rseg) * ddy
[1819]	1717	kk = ( rbz(ring,rseg) + 0.5_wp * dz ) / dz
	1718	!
[1864]	1719	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1720	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1721	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1722	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1723
[1839]	1724	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1725	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1726	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1727	( ( jj + 1 ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1728	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1729	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
	1730	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1731	( rby(ring,rseg) - jj * dy )
[1819]	1732	gg = dx * dy
	1733
[1864]	1734	v_int_l = ( aa * v(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1735	bb * v(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1736	cc * v(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1737	dd * v(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1738	) / gg
	1739
[1864]	1740	v_int_u = ( aa * v(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1741	bb * v(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1742	cc * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1743	dd * v(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1744	) / gg
	1745
[1864]	1746	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = v_int_l + &
	1747	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zu(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1748	( v_int_u - v_int_l )
	1749
	1750	ELSE
	1751	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1752	ENDIF
	1753	ELSE
	1754	v_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1755	ENDIF
	1756
	1757
	1758	!
	1759	!-- Interpolation of the w-component:
	1760	ii = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	1761	jj = ( rby(ring,rseg) - 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[1839]	1762	kk = rbz(ring,rseg) / dz
[1819]	1763	!
[1864]	1764	!-- Interpolate only if all required information is available on
	1765	!-- the current PE:
[1839]	1766	IF ( ( ii >= nxl ) .AND. ( ii <= nxr ) ) THEN
	1767	IF ( ( jj >= nys ) .AND. ( jj <= nyn ) ) THEN
[1819]	1768
[1839]	1769	aa = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1770	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1771	bb = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1772	( ( jj + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )
	1773	cc = ( ( ii + 1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) ) * &
	1774	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
	1775	dd = ( rbx(ring,rseg) - ( ii + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) * &
	1776	( rby(ring,rseg) - ( jj + 0.5_wp ) * dy )
[1819]	1777	gg = dx * dy
	1778
[1864]	1779	w_int_l = ( aa * w(kk,jj,ii) + &
	1780	bb * w(kk,jj,ii+1) + &
	1781	cc * w(kk,jj+1,ii) + &
	1782	dd * w(kk,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1783	) / gg
	1784
[1864]	1785	w_int_u = ( aa * w(kk+1,jj,ii) + &
	1786	bb * w(kk+1,jj,ii+1) + &
	1787	cc * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii) + &
	1788	dd * w(kk+1,jj+1,ii+1) &
[1819]	1789	) / gg
	1790
[1864]	1791	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = w_int_l + &
	1792	( rbz(ring,rseg) - zw(kk) ) / dz * &
[1819]	1793	( w_int_u - w_int_l )
	1794	ELSE
	1795	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1796	ENDIF
	1797	ELSE
	1798	w_int_1_l(inot,ring,rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1799	ENDIF
	1800
	1801	ENDDO
	1802	ENDDO
	1803
	1804	ENDDO
	1805
	1806	!
	1807	!-- Exchange between PEs (information required on each PE):
	1808	#if defined( __parallel )
[1839]	1809	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_int_1_l, u_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1810	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1811	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_int_1_l, v_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1812	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	1813	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( w_int_1_l, w_int, nturbines * MAXVAL(nrings) * &
	1814	MAXVAL(nsegs), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1819]	1815	#else
	1816	u_int = u_int_1_l
	1817	v_int = v_int_1_l
	1818	w_int = w_int_1_l
	1819	#endif
	1820
	1821
	1822	!
	1823	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
[1912]	1824
[1819]	1825	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1912]	1826	pit_loop: DO
[1819]	1827
[1912]	1828	IF ( pitch_sw ) THEN
[1839]	1829	torque_total(inot) = 0.0_wp
[1912]	1830	thrust_rotor(inot) = 0.0_wp
	1831	pitch_add(inot) = pitch_add(inot) + 0.25_wp
	1832	! IF ( myid == 0 ) PRINT*, 'Pitch', inot, pitch_add(inot)
	1833	ELSE
	1834	cos_yaw = COS(phi_yaw(inot))
	1835	sin_yaw = SIN(phi_yaw(inot))
	1836	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
	1837	pitch_add(inot) = MAX(pitch_add_old(inot) - pitch_rate * &
	1838	dt_3d , 0.0_wp )
	1839	ENDIF
[1819]	1840	ENDIF
	1841
[1839]	1842	!
	1843	!-- Loop over rings of each turbine:
[1819]	1844	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	1845	!
	1846	!-- Determine distance between each ring (center) and the hub:
	1847	cur_r = (ring - 0.5_wp) * delta_r(inot)
[1839]	1848	!
	1849	!-- Loop over segments of each ring of each turbine:
[1819]	1850	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	1851	!
[1839]	1852	!-- Determine angle of ring segment towards zero degree angle of
	1853	!-- rotor system (at zero degree rotor direction vectors aligned
	1854	!-- with y-axis):
[1819]	1855	phi_rotor = rseg * 2.0_wp * pi / nsegs(ring,inot)
	1856	cos_rot = COS(phi_rotor)
	1857	sin_rot = SIN(phi_rotor)
	1858	!
[1839]	1859	!-- Now the direction vectors can be determined with respect to
	1860	!-- the yaw and tilt angle:
[1819]	1861	re(1) = cos_rot * sin_yaw
	1862	re(2) = cos_rot * cos_yaw
	1863	re(3) = sin_rot
	1864
[1864]	1865	! The current unit vector in azimuthal direction:
[1819]	1866	rea(1) = - sin_rot * sin_yaw
	1867	rea(2) = - sin_rot * cos_yaw
	1868	rea(3) = cos_rot
	1869
	1870	!
[1864]	1871	!-- To respect the yawing angle for the calculations of
	1872	!-- velocities and forces the unit vectors perpendicular to the
	1873	!-- rotor area in direction of the positive yaw angle are defined:
[1819]	1874	ren(1) = cos_yaw
	1875	ren(2) = - sin_yaw
	1876	ren(3) = 0.0_wp
	1877	!
	1878	!-- Multiplication with the coordinate transformation matrix
[1864]	1879	!-- gives the final unit vector with consideration of the rotor
	1880	!-- tilt:
[1819]	1881	rote = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), re )
	1882	rota = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), rea )
	1883	rotn = MATMUL( rot_coord_trans(inot,:,:), ren )
	1884	!
	1885	!-- Coordinates of the single segments (center points):
	1886	rbx(ring,rseg) = rcx(inot) + cur_r * rote(1)
	1887
	1888	rby(ring,rseg) = rcy(inot) + cur_r * rote(2)
	1889
	1890	rbz(ring,rseg) = rcz(inot) + cur_r * rote(3)
	1891
	1892	!
[1864]	1893	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1894	!-- !-- Calculation of various angles and relative velocities --!
	1895	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1896	!
[1864]	1897	!-- In the following the 3D-velocity field is projected its
[2553]	1898	!-- components perpendicular and parallel to the rotor area
[1819]	1899	!-- The calculation of forces will be done in the rotor-
	1900	!-- coordinates y' and z.
	1901	!-- The yaw angle will be reintroduced when the force is applied
	1902	!-- on the hydrodynamic equations
[1864]	1903	!
	1904	!-- Projection of the xy-velocities relative to the rotor area
	1905	!
[1819]	1906	!-- Velocity perpendicular to the rotor area:
[1864]	1907	u_rot = u_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(1) + &
	1908	v_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(2) + &
[1819]	1909	w_int(inot,ring,rseg)*rotn(3)
	1910	!
[1864]	1911	!-- Projection of the 3D-velocity vector in the azimuthal
	1912	!-- direction:
	1913	vtheta(rseg) = rota(1) * u_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
	1914	rota(2) * v_int(inot,ring,rseg) + &
[1819]	1915	rota(3) * w_int(inot,ring,rseg)
	1916	!
[1864]	1917	!-- Determination of the angle phi_rel between the rotor plane
	1918	!-- and the direction of the flow relative to the rotor:
[1819]	1919
[1864]	1920	phi_rel(rseg) = ATAN( u_rot / &
	1921	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	1922	vtheta(rseg) ) )
	1923
	1924	!
[1864]	1925	!-- Interpolation of the local pitch angle from tabulated values
	1926	!-- to the current radial position:
[1819]	1927
	1928	lct=minloc(ABS(cur_r-lrd))
	1929	rad_d=cur_r-lrd(lct)
	1930
	1931	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	1932	alpha_attack(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1933	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(ard))) THEN
[1864]	1934	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(size(ard)) + &
	1935	ard(size(ard)-1) ) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	1936	ELSE
[1864]	1937	alpha_attack(rseg) = ( ard(lct(1)) * &
	1938	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	1939	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) &
	1940	) ) + ( ard(lct(1)+1) * &
	1941	( ( cur_r - lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	1942	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	1943	ENDIF
	1944
	1945	!
[1864]	1946	!-- In Fortran radian instead of degree is used as unit for all
	1947	!-- angles. Therefore, a transformation from angles given in
	1948	!-- degree to angles given in radian is necessary here:
	1949	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1950	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	1951	!
[1864]	1952	!-- Substraction of the local pitch angle to obtain the local
	1953	!-- angle of attack:
[1819]	1954	alpha_attack(rseg) = phi_rel(rseg) - alpha_attack(rseg)
	1955	!
[1864]	1956	!-- Preliminary transformation back from angles given in radian
	1957	!-- to angles given in degree:
	1958	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	1959	( 360.0_wp / (2.0_wp*pi) )
	1960	!
[1864]	1961	!-- Correct with collective pitch angle:
[2015]	1962	alpha_attack = alpha_attack - pitch_add(inot)
[1819]	1963
	1964	!
[1864]	1965	!-- Determination of the magnitude of the flow velocity relative
	1966	!-- to the rotor:
[1912]	1967	vrel(rseg) = SQRT( u_rot**2 + &
	1968	( omega_rot(inot) * cur_r - &
[1819]	1969	vtheta(rseg) )**2 )
	1970
	1971	!
[1864]	1972	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
	1973	!-- !-- Interpolation of chord as well as lift and drag --!
	1974	!-- !-- coefficients from tabulated values --!
	1975	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	1976
	1977	!
[1864]	1978	!-- Interpolation of the chord_length from tabulated values to
	1979	!-- the current radial position:
[1819]	1980
	1981	IF (cur_r == 0.0_wp) THEN
	1982	chord(rseg) = 0.0_wp
	1983	ELSE IF (cur_r >= lrd(size(crd))) THEN
[1864]	1984	chord(rseg) = (crd(size(crd)) + ard(size(crd)-1)) / 2.0_wp
[1819]	1985	ELSE
[1864]	1986	chord(rseg) = ( crd(lct(1)) * &
	1987	( ( lrd(lct(1)+1) - cur_r ) / &
	1988	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) ) + &
	1989	( crd(lct(1)+1) * &
	1990	( ( cur_r-lrd(lct(1)) ) / &
	1991	( lrd(lct(1)+1) - lrd(lct(1)) ) ) )
[1819]	1992	ENDIF
	1993
	1994	!
	1995	!-- Determine index of current angle of attack, needed for
[1864]	1996	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	1997	!-- drag coefficients (-180.0 degrees = 0, +180.0 degrees = 36000,
	1998	!-- so one index every 0.01 degrees):
	1999	iialpha = CEILING( ( alpha_attack(rseg) + 180.0_wp ) &
[1839]	2000	* ( 1.0_wp / accu_cl_cd_tab ) )
[1819]	2001	!
	2002	!-- Determine index of current radial position, needed for
[1864]	2003	!-- finding the appropriate interpolated values of the lift and
	2004	!-- drag coefficients (one index every 0.1 m):
[1819]	2005	iir = CEILING( cur_r * 10.0_wp )
	2006	!
[1864]	2007	!-- Read in interpolated values of the lift and drag coefficients
	2008	!-- for the current radial position and angle of attack:
[1839]	2009	turb_cl(rseg) = turb_cl_tab(iialpha,iir)
	2010	turb_cd(rseg) = turb_cd_tab(iialpha,iir)
[1819]	2011
	2012	!
[1864]	2013	!-- Final transformation back from angles given in degree to
	2014	!-- angles given in radian:
	2015	alpha_attack(rseg) = alpha_attack(rseg) * &
[1819]	2016	( (2.0_wp*pi) / 360.0_wp )
	2017
[2152]	2018	IF ( tl_cor ) THEN
	2019
	2020	!-- Tip loss correction following Schito
	2021	!-- Schito applies the tip loss correction only to the lift force
	2022	!-- Therefore, the tip loss correction is only applied to the lift
	2023	!-- coefficient and not to the drag coefficient in our case
	2024	!--
	2025	tl_factor = ( 2.0 / pi ) * &
	2026	ACOS( EXP( -1.0 * ( 3.0 * ( rr(inot) - cur_r ) / &
	2027	( 2.0 * cur_r * abs( sin( phi_rel(rseg) ) ) ) ) ) )
	2028
	2029	turb_cl(rseg) = tl_factor * turb_cl(rseg)
	2030
	2031	END IF
[1819]	2032	!
	2033	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2034	!-- !-- Calculation of the forces --!
	2035	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------!
	2036
	2037	!
[1864]	2038	!-- Calculate the pre_factor for the thrust and torque forces:
[1819]	2039
	2040	pre_factor = 0.5_wp * (vrel(rseg)*2) 3.0_wp * &
	2041	chord(rseg) * delta_r(inot) / nsegs(ring,inot)
	2042
	2043	!
[1864]	2044	!-- Calculate the thrust force (x-component of the total force)
	2045	!-- for each ring segment:
	2046	thrust_seg(rseg) = pre_factor * &
	2047	( turb_cl(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) + &
	2048	turb_cd(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2049
	2050	!
[1864]	2051	!-- Determination of the second of the additional forces acting
	2052	!-- on the flow in the azimuthal direction: force vector as basis
	2053	!-- for torque (torque itself would be the vector product of the
	2054	!-- radius vector and the force vector):
	2055	torque_seg = pre_factor * &
	2056	( turb_cl(rseg) * SIN(phi_rel(rseg)) - &
[1839]	2057	turb_cd(rseg) * COS(phi_rel(rseg)) )
[1819]	2058	!
	2059	!-- Decomposition of the force vector into two parts:
[1864]	2060	!-- One acting along the y-direction and one acting along the
	2061	!-- z-direction of the rotor coordinate system:
[1819]	2062
	2063	torque_seg_y(rseg) = -torque_seg * sin_rot
	2064	torque_seg_z(rseg) = torque_seg * cos_rot
	2065
[1912]	2066	!
	2067	!-- Add the segment thrust to the thrust of the whole rotor
	2068	thrust_rotor(inot) = thrust_rotor(inot) + &
	2069	thrust_seg(rseg)
	2070
	2071
[1819]	2072	torque_total(inot) = torque_total(inot) + (torque_seg * cur_r)
	2073
[1864]	2074	ENDDO !-- end of loop over ring segments
[1819]	2075
	2076	!
[1864]	2077	!-- Restore the forces into arrays containing all the segments of
	2078	!-- each ring:
[1819]	2079	thrust_ring(ring,:) = thrust_seg(:)
	2080	torque_ring_y(ring,:) = torque_seg_y(:)
	2081	torque_ring_z(ring,:) = torque_seg_z(:)
	2082
	2083
[1864]	2084	ENDDO !-- end of loop over rings
[1819]	2085
	2086
[1864]	2087	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'start' )
[1819]	2088
[1912]	2089
	2090	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2091	!
	2092	!-- Calculation of the current generator speed for rotor speed control
	2093
	2094	!
	2095	!-- The acceleration of the rotor speed is calculated from
	2096	!-- the force balance of the accelerating torque
	2097	!-- and the torque of the rotating rotor and generator
	2098	om_rate = ( torque_total(inot) * air_dens * gear_eff - &
	2099	gear_ratio * torque_gen_old(inot) ) / &
	2100	( inertia_rot + &
	2101	gear_ratio * gear_ratio * inertia_gen ) * dt_3d
[1819]	2102
[1912]	2103	!
	2104	!-- The generator speed is given by the product of gear gear_ratio
	2105	!-- and rotor speed
	2106	omega_gen(inot) = gear_ratio * ( omega_rot(inot) + om_rate )
	2107
	2108	ENDIF
	2109
[1864]	2110	IF ( pitch_control ) THEN
[1819]	2111
[1912]	2112	!
	2113	!-- If the current generator speed is above rated, the pitch is not
	2114	!-- saturated and the change from the last time step is within the
	2115	!-- maximum pitch rate, then the pitch loop is repeated with a pitch
	2116	!-- gain
	2117	IF ( ( omega_gen(inot) > rated_genspeed ) .AND. &
	2118	( pitch_add(inot) < 25.0_wp ) .AND. &
	2119	( pitch_add(inot) < pitch_add_old(inot) + &
	2120	pitch_rate * dt_3d ) ) THEN
[1864]	2121	pitch_sw = .TRUE.
[1912]	2122	!
	2123	!-- Go back to beginning of pit_loop
	2124	CYCLE pit_loop
[1819]	2125	ENDIF
[1912]	2126
	2127	!
	2128	!-- The current pitch is saved for the next time step
	2129	pitch_add_old(inot) = pitch_add(inot)
[1864]	2130	pitch_sw = .FALSE.
[1819]	2131	ENDIF
[1912]	2132	EXIT pit_loop
	2133	ENDDO pit_loop ! Recursive pitch control loop
[1819]	2134
[1864]	2135
[1819]	2136	!
[1864]	2137	!-- Call the rotor speed controller
	2138
[1819]	2139	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2140	!
[1864]	2141	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2142	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2143	THEN
	2144	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2145	THEN
[1864]	2146	CALL wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2147	ENDIF
[1912]	2148	ENDIF
[1864]	2149
[1819]	2150	ENDIF
	2151
	2152
[1864]	2153	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(62), 'wtm_controller', 'stop' )
[1819]	2154
[1864]	2155	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'start' )
[1819]	2156
	2157
[1864]	2158	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
	2159	!-- !-- Regularization kernel --!
	2160	!-- !-- Smearing of the forces and interpolation to cartesian grid --!
	2161	!-- !-----------------------------------------------------------------!
[1819]	2162	!
[1864]	2163	!-- The aerodynamic blade forces need to be distributed smoothly on
	2164	!-- several mesh points in order to avoid singular behaviour
[1819]	2165	!
	2166	!-- Summation over sum of weighted forces. The weighting factor
[1864]	2167	!-- (calculated in user_init) includes information on the distance
	2168	!-- between the center of the grid cell and the rotor segment under
	2169	!-- consideration
[1819]	2170	!
[1864]	2171	!-- To save computing time, apply smearing only for the relevant part
	2172	!-- of the model domain:
[1819]	2173	!
	2174	!--
	2175	!-- Calculation of the boundaries:
[1864]	2176	i_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,1) ) + &
	2177	eps_min ) / dx )
	2178	j_smear(inot) = CEILING( ( rr(inot) * ABS( roty(inot,2) ) + &
	2179	eps_min ) / dy )
[1819]	2180
[1864]	2181	DO i = MAX( nxl, i_hub(inot) - i_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2182	MIN( nxr, i_hub(inot) + i_smear(inot) )
[1864]	2183	DO j = MAX( nys, j_hub(inot) - j_smear(inot) ), &
[1819]	2184	MIN( nyn, j_hub(inot) + j_smear(inot) )
[2232]	2185	! DO k = MAX( nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, k_hub(inot) - k_smear(inot) ), &
	2186	! k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
	2187	DO k = nzb+1, k_hub(inot) + k_smear(inot)
[1819]	2188	DO ring = 1, nrings(inot)
	2189	DO rseg = 1, nsegs(ring,inot)
	2190	!
[2232]	2191	!-- Predetermine flag to mask topography
	2192	flag = MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	2193
	2194	!
[1819]	2195	!-- Determine the square of the distance between the
	2196	!-- current grid point and each rotor area segment:
[1864]	2197	dist_u_3d = ( i * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2198	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2199	( k * dz - 0.5_wp * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
	2200	dist_v_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2201	( j * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2202	( k * dz - 0.5_wp * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
	2203	dist_w_3d = ( i * dx + 0.5_wp * dx - rbx(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2204	( j * dy + 0.5_wp * dy - rby(ring,rseg) )**2 + &
	2205	( k * dz - rbz(ring,rseg) )**2
[1819]	2206
	2207	!
	2208	!-- 3D-smearing of the forces with a polynomial function
	2209	!-- (much faster than the old Gaussian function), using
	2210	!-- some parameters that have been calculated in user_init.
	2211	!-- The function is only similar to Gaussian function for
	2212	!-- squared distances <= eps_min2:
	2213	IF ( dist_u_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2214	thrust(k,j,i) = thrust(k,j,i) + &
	2215	thrust_ring(ring,rseg) * &
	2216	( ( pol_a * dist_u_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2217	dist_u_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor *&
	2218	flag
[1819]	2219	ENDIF
	2220	IF ( dist_v_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2221	torque_y(k,j,i) = torque_y(k,j,i) + &
	2222	torque_ring_y(ring,rseg) * &
	2223	( ( pol_a * dist_v_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2224	dist_v_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2225	flag
[1819]	2226	ENDIF
	2227	IF ( dist_w_3d <= eps_min2 ) THEN
[2232]	2228	torque_z(k,j,i) = torque_z(k,j,i) + &
	2229	torque_ring_z(ring,rseg) * &
	2230	( ( pol_a * dist_w_3d - pol_b ) * &
	2231	dist_w_3d + 1.0_wp ) * eps_factor * &
	2232	flag
[1819]	2233	ENDIF
	2234
	2235	ENDDO ! End of loop over rseg
	2236	ENDDO ! End of loop over ring
	2237
	2238	!
	2239	!-- Rotation of force components:
[2232]	2240	rot_tend_x(k,j,i) = rot_tend_x(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2241	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,1) + &
	2242	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,1) + &
[2232]	2243	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,1) &
	2244	) * flag
[1819]	2245
[2232]	2246	rot_tend_y(k,j,i) = rot_tend_y(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2247	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,2) + &
	2248	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,2) + &
[2232]	2249	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,2) &
	2250	) * flag
[1819]	2251
[2232]	2252	rot_tend_z(k,j,i) = rot_tend_z(k,j,i) + ( &
[1864]	2253	thrust(k,j,i)*rotx(inot,3) + &
	2254	torque_y(k,j,i)*roty(inot,3) + &
[2232]	2255	torque_z(k,j,i)*rotz(inot,3) &
	2256	) * flag
[1819]	2257
	2258	ENDDO ! End of loop over k
	2259	ENDDO ! End of loop over j
	2260	ENDDO ! End of loop over i
	2261
[1864]	2262	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(63), 'wtm_smearing', 'stop' )
[1819]	2263
[1912]	2264	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2265
	2266
	2267	IF ( yaw_control ) THEN
	2268	!
	2269	!-- Allocate arrays for yaw control at first call
	2270	!-- Can't be allocated before dt_3d is set
	2271	IF ( start_up ) THEN
[1864]	2272	WDLON = NINT( 30.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 30s running mean array
[1819]	2273	ALLOCATE( wd30(1:nturbines,1:WDLON) )
[1912]	2274	wd30 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2275	ALLOCATE( wd30_l(1:WDLON) )
	2276
[1864]	2277	WDSHO = NINT( 2.0_wp / dt_3d ) ! 2s running mean array
[1819]	2278	ALLOCATE( wd2(1:nturbines,1:WDSHO) )
[1912]	2279	wd2 = 999.0_wp ! Set to dummy value
[1819]	2280	ALLOCATE( wd2_l(1:WDSHO) )
	2281	start_up = .FALSE.
	2282	ENDIF
	2283
	2284	!
	2285	!-- Calculate the inflow wind speed
	2286	!--
	2287	!-- Loop over number of turbines:
	2288	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2289	!
	2290	!-- Find processor at i_hub, j_hub
[1912]	2291	IF ( ( nxl <= i_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nxr >= i_hub(inot) ) ) &
	2292	THEN
	2293	IF ( ( nys <= j_hub(inot) ) .AND. ( nyn >= j_hub(inot) ) )&
	2294	THEN
[1864]	2295
[1819]	2296	u_inflow_l(inot) = u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot))
[1864]	2297
[1912]	2298	wdir_l(inot) = -1.0_wp * ATAN2( &
	2299	0.5_wp * ( v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)+1) + &
	2300	v(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) , &
	2301	0.5_wp * ( u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot)+1,i_hub(inot)) + &
	2302	u(k_hub(inot),j_hub(inot),i_hub(inot)) ) )
[1864]	2303
	2304	CALL wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2305
[1819]	2306	phi_yaw_l(inot) = phi_yaw(inot)
[2015]	2307
[1819]	2308	ENDIF
	2309	ENDIF
	2310
[1864]	2311	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
	2312
	2313	!
[1929]	2314	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
	2315	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2316	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_inflow_l, u_inflow, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2317	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2318	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( wdir_l, wdir, nturbines, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2319	comm2d, ierr )
	2320	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( phi_yaw_l, phi_yaw, nturbines, MPI_REAL, &
	2321	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2322	#else
	2323	u_inflow = u_inflow_l
	2324	wdir = wdir_l
	2325	phi_yaw = phi_yaw_l
[2015]	2326
	2327
[1929]	2328	#endif
[1819]	2329	DO inot = 1, nturbines
[1864]	2330	!
	2331	!-- Update rotor orientation
	2332	CALL wtm_rotate_rotor( inot )
[1819]	2333
	2334	ENDDO ! End of loop over turbines
	2335
[2152]	2336	END IF ! end of yaw control
[1864]	2337
	2338	IF ( speed_control ) THEN
	2339	!
	2340	!-- Transfer of information to the other cpus
[1912]	2341	! CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen, omega_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2342	! MPI_REAL,MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2343	#if defined( __parallel )
[1864]	2344	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( torque_gen, torque_gen_old, nturbines, &
	2345	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	2346	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_rot_l, omega_rot, nturbines, &
	2347	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1912]	2348	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( omega_gen_f, omega_gen_f_old, nturbines, &
	2349	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1929]	2350	#else
	2351	torque_gen_old = torque_gen
	2352	omega_rot = omega_rot_l
	2353	omega_gen_f_old = omega_gen_f
	2354	#endif
[1864]	2355
	2356	ENDIF
[1819]	2357
	2358	DO inot = 1, nturbines
	2359
	2360	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
	2361	IF ( openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened ) THEN
	2362	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2363	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2364	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2365	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2366	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2367	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2368	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2369	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1912]	2370
[1819]	2371	ELSE
	2372
[2669]	2373	WRITE ( turbine_id,'(A2,I2.2)') '_T', inot
	2374	OPEN ( 400+inot, FILE=( 'WTM_OUTPUT_DATA' // &
	2375	TRIM( coupling_char ) // &
	2376	turbine_id ), FORM='FORMATTED' )
[1819]	2377	WRITE ( 400+inot, 105 ) inot
	2378	WRITE ( 400+inot, 106 ) simulated_time, omega_rot(inot), &
[1912]	2379	omega_gen(inot), torque_gen_old(inot), &
[1864]	2380	torque_total(inot), pitch_add(inot), &
[1912]	2381	torque_gen_old(inot)omega_gen(inot)gen_eff, &
[1864]	2382	torque_total(inot)omega_rot(inot)air_dens, &
[1912]	2383	thrust_rotor(inot), &
[1864]	2384	wdir(inot)*180.0_wp/pi, &
	2385	(phi_yaw(inot))*180.0_wp/pi
[1819]	2386	ENDIF
	2387	ENDIF
	2388
[1912]	2389	!-- Set open flag
[1819]	2390	openfile_turb_mod(400+inot)%opened = .TRUE.
[1864]	2391	ENDDO !-- end of loop over turbines
[1819]	2392
	2393	ENDIF
	2394
[1864]	2395	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(61), 'wtm_forces', 'stop' )
[1819]	2396
[1912]	2397	!
	2398	!-- Formats
[1819]	2399	105 FORMAT ('Turbine control data for turbine ',I2,1X,':'/ &
	2400	&'----------------------------------------'/ &
	2401	&' Time RSpeed GSpeed ', &
[1912]	2402	'GenTorque AeroTorque Pitch Power(Gen) Power(Rot) ', &
	2403	'RotThrust WDirection YawOrient')
[1819]	2404
[1864]	2405	106 FORMAT (F9.3,2X,F7.3,2X,F7.2,2X,F9.1,3X,F9.1,1X,F6.2,2X,F10.1,2X, &
	2406	F10.1,1X,F9.1,2X,F7.2,1X,F7.2)
[1819]	2407
	2408
	2409	END SUBROUTINE wtm_forces
	2410
	2411
[1839]	2412	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2413	! Description:
	2414	! ------------
	2415	!> Yaw controller for the wind turbine model
	2416	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2417	SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol( inot )
	2418
[1819]	2419	USE kinds
[1839]	2420
	2421	IMPLICIT NONE
[1819]	2422
	2423	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2424	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_wd_30
	2425	REAL(wp) :: missal
	2426
	2427	i_wd_30 = 0_iwp
	2428
	2429	!
[1864]	2430	!-- The yaw controller computes a 30s running mean of the wind direction.
	2431	!-- If the difference between turbine alignment and wind direction exceeds
	2432	!-- 5Â°, the turbine is yawed. The mechanism stops as soon as the 2s-running
	2433	!-- mean of the missalignment is smaller than 0.5Â°.
	2434	!-- Attention: If the timestep during the simulation changes significantly
	2435	!-- the lengths of the running means change and it does not correspond to
	2436	!-- 30s/2s anymore.
	2437	!-- ! Needs to be modified for these situations !
	2438	!-- For wind from the east, the averaging of the wind direction could cause
	2439	!-- problems and the yaw controller is probably flawed. -> Routine for
	2440	!-- averaging needs to be improved!
	2441	!
	2442	!-- Check if turbine is not yawing
[1819]	2443	IF ( .NOT. doyaw(inot) ) THEN
[1843]	2444	!
[1864]	2445	!-- Write current wind direction into array
[1843]	2446	wd30_l = wd30(inot,:)
	2447	wd30_l = CSHIFT( wd30_l, SHIFT=-1 )
[1819]	2448	wd30_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2449	!
[1864]	2450	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
[1819]	2451	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd30_l == 999.) ) THEN
	2452
	2453	missal = SUM( wd30_l ) / SIZE( wd30_l ) - phi_yaw(inot)
	2454	!
[1864]	2455	!-- Check if turbine is missaligned by more than max_miss
[1843]	2456	IF ( ABS( missal ) > max_miss ) THEN
	2457	!
[1864]	2458	!-- Check in which direction to yaw
[1843]	2459	yawdir(inot) = SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal )
[1819]	2460	!
[1864]	2461	!-- Start yawing of turbine
[1843]	2462	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2463	doyaw(inot) = .TRUE.
[1864]	2464	wd30_l = 999. ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2465	ENDIF
	2466	ENDIF
	2467
	2468	wd30(inot,:) = wd30_l
	2469
	2470	!
[1864]	2471	!-- If turbine is already yawing:
	2472	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean and yaw until the missalignment is smaller
	2473	!-- than min_miss
[1819]	2474
	2475	ELSE
	2476	!
	2477	!-- Initialize 2 s running mean
	2478	wd2_l = wd2(inot,:)
[1864]	2479	wd2_l = CSHIFT( wd2_l, SHIFT = -1 )
[1819]	2480	wd2_l(1) = wdir(inot)
[1843]	2481	!
[1864]	2482	!-- Check if array is full ( no more dummies )
	2483	IF ( .NOT. ANY( wd2_l == 999.0_wp ) ) THEN
	2484	!
	2485	!-- Calculate missalignment of turbine
[1819]	2486	missal = SUM( wd2_l - phi_yaw(inot) ) / SIZE( wd2_l )
[1864]	2487	!
	2488	!-- Check if missalignment is still larger than 0.5 degree and if the
	2489	!-- yaw direction is still right
	2490	IF ( ( ABS( missal ) > min_miss ) .AND. &
	2491	( yawdir(inot) == SIGN( 1.0_wp, missal ) ) ) THEN
	2492	!
	2493	!-- Continue yawing
	2494	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2495	ELSE
[1864]	2496	!
	2497	!-- Stop yawing
[1819]	2498	doyaw(inot) = .FALSE.
[1864]	2499	wd2_l = 999.0_wp ! fill with dummies again
[1819]	2500	ENDIF
	2501	ELSE
[1864]	2502	!
	2503	!-- Continue yawing
[1843]	2504	phi_yaw(inot) = phi_yaw(inot) + yawdir(inot) * yaw_speed * dt_3d
[1819]	2505	ENDIF
	2506
	2507	wd2(inot,:) = wd2_l
	2508
	2509	ENDIF
	2510
[1839]	2511	END SUBROUTINE wtm_yawcontrol
[1819]	2512
[1864]	2513
[1819]	2514	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2515	! Description:
	2516	! ------------
[1864]	2517	!> Initialization of the speed control
	2518	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2519	SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2520
	2521
	2522	IMPLICIT NONE
	2523
	2524	!
	2525	!-- If speed control is set, remaining variables and control_parameters for
	2526	!-- the control algorithm are calculated
	2527	!
	2528	!-- Calculate slope constant for region 15
	2529	slope15 = ( slope2 * min_reg2 * min_reg2 ) / ( min_reg2 - min_reg15 )
	2530	!
	2531	!-- Calculate upper limit of slipage region
	2532	vs_sysp = rated_genspeed / 1.1_wp
	2533	!
	2534	!-- Calculate slope of slipage region
	2535	slope25 = ( rated_power / rated_genspeed ) / &
	2536	( rated_genspeed - vs_sysp )
	2537	!
	2538	!-- Calculate lower limit of slipage region
	2539	min_reg25 = ( slope25 - SQRT( slope25 * ( slope25 - 4.0_wp * &
	2540	slope2 * vs_sysp ) ) ) / &
[2410]	2541	( 2.0_wp * slope2 )
[1864]	2542	!
	2543	!-- Frequency for the simple low pass filter
	2544	Fcorner = 0.25_wp
	2545	!
	2546	!-- At the first timestep the torque is set to its maximum to prevent
	2547	!-- an overspeeding of the rotor
[2563]	2548	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	2549	torque_gen_old(:) = max_torque_gen
	2550	ENDIF
[1864]	2551
	2552	END SUBROUTINE wtm_init_speed_control
	2553
	2554
	2555	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2556	! Description:
	2557	! ------------
	2558	!> Simple controller for the regulation of the rotor speed
	2559	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2560	SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control( inot )
	2561
	2562
	2563	IMPLICIT NONE
	2564
[1912]	2565	INTEGER(iwp) :: inot
	2566
	2567
[1864]	2568
	2569	!
	2570	!-- The controller is based on the fortran script from Jonkman
	2571	!-- et al. 2009 "Definition of a 5 MW Reference Wind Turbine for
	2572	!-- offshore system developement"
	2573
	2574	!
	2575	!-- The generator speed is filtered by a low pass filter
	2576	!-- for the control of the generator torque
	2577	lp_coeff = EXP( -2.0_wp * 3.14_wp * dt_3d * Fcorner )
[1912]	2578	omega_gen_f(inot) = ( 1.0_wp - lp_coeff ) * omega_gen(inot) + lp_coeff *&
[1864]	2579	omega_gen_f_old(inot)
	2580
	2581	IF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg15 ) THEN
	2582	!
	2583	!-- Region 1: Generator torque is set to zero to accelerate the rotor:
	2584	torque_gen(inot) = 0
	2585
	2586	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg2 ) THEN
	2587	!
	2588	!-- Region 1.5: Generator torque is increasing linearly with rotor speed:
	2589	torque_gen(inot) = slope15 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - min_reg15 )
	2590
	2591	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) <= min_reg25 ) THEN
	2592	!
	2593	!-- Region 2: Generator torque is increased by the square of the generator
	2594	!-- speed to keep the TSR optimal:
	2595	torque_gen(inot) = slope2 * omega_gen_f(inot) * omega_gen_f(inot)
	2596
	2597	ELSEIF ( omega_gen_f(inot) < rated_genspeed ) THEN
	2598	!
	2599	!-- Region 2.5: Slipage region between 2 and 3:
	2600	torque_gen(inot) = slope25 * ( omega_gen_f(inot) - vs_sysp )
	2601
	2602	ELSE
	2603	!
	2604	!-- Region 3: Generator torque is antiproportional to the rotor speed to
	2605	!-- keep the power constant:
	2606	torque_gen(inot) = rated_power / omega_gen_f(inot)
	2607
	2608	ENDIF
	2609	!
	2610	!-- Calculate torque rate and confine with a max
	2611	trq_rate = ( torque_gen(inot) - torque_gen_old(inot) ) / dt_3d
	2612	trq_rate = MIN( MAX( trq_rate, -1.0_wp * max_trq_rate ), max_trq_rate )
	2613	!
	2614	!-- Calculate new gen torque and confine with max torque
	2615	torque_gen(inot) = torque_gen_old(inot) + trq_rate * dt_3d
	2616	torque_gen(inot) = MIN( torque_gen(inot), max_torque_gen )
	2617	!
	2618	!-- Overwrite values for next timestep
[1912]	2619	omega_rot_l(inot) = omega_gen(inot) / gear_ratio
[1864]	2620
	2621
	2622	END SUBROUTINE wtm_speed_control
	2623
	2624
	2625	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2626	! Description:
	2627	! ------------
[1839]	2628	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2629	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2630	!> Call for all grid points
[1819]	2631	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2632	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies( component )
	2633
[1839]	2634
[1819]	2635	IMPLICIT NONE
	2636
[1839]	2637	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2638	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2639	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2640	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2641
	2642
	2643	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2644
	2645	CASE ( 1 )
	2646	!
	2647	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1864]	2648	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2649	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2650	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2651	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2652	!
[1864]	2653	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2654	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[2553]	2655	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2656	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2657	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2553]	2658
[2232]	2659	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2660	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2661	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2662	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2663	ENDDO
	2664	ENDDO
	2665	ENDDO
	2666	ENDIF
	2667
	2668	CASE ( 2 )
	2669	!
	2670	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1864]	2671	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2672	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2673	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2674	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2675	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2676	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2677	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2678	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2679	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2680	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2681	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2682	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[1819]	2683	ENDDO
	2684	ENDDO
	2685	ENDDO
	2686	ENDIF
	2687
	2688	CASE ( 3 )
	2689	!
	2690	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1864]	2691	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[1819]	2692	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	2693	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2553]	2694	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2695	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2696	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2697	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2698	ENDDO
	2699	ENDDO
	2700	ENDDO
	2701	ENDIF
	2702
	2703
	2704	CASE DEFAULT
	2705
	2706	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2707	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2708
	2709	END SELECT
	2710
	2711
	2712	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies
	2713
	2714
	2715	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2716	! Description:
	2717	! ------------
[1839]	2718	!> Application of the additional forces generated by the wind turbine on the
	2719	!> flow components (tendency terms)
	2720	!> Call for grid point i,j
[1819]	2721	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2722	SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij( i, j, component )
	2723
	2724
	2725	IMPLICIT NONE
	2726
[1839]	2727	INTEGER(iwp) :: component !< prognostic variable (u,v,w)
	2728	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
	2729	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
	2730	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
[1819]	2731
	2732	SELECT CASE ( component )
	2733
	2734	CASE ( 1 )
	2735	!
	2736	!-- Apply the x-component of the force to the u-component of the flow:
[1839]	2737	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2738	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1819]	2739	!
[1839]	2740	!-- Calculate the thrust generated by the nacelle and the tower
[1912]	2741	tend_nac_x = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2742	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2743	tend_tow_x = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2744	SIGN( u(k,j,i)**2 , u(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2745	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_x(k,j,i) &
	2746	- tend_nac_x - tend_tow_x ) &
	2747	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2553]	2748	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
[1819]	2749	ENDDO
	2750	ENDIF
	2751
	2752	CASE ( 2 )
	2753	!
	2754	!-- Apply the y-component of the force to the v-component of the flow:
[1839]	2755	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2756	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[1912]	2757	tend_nac_y = 0.5_wp * nac_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2758	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[1912]	2759	tend_tow_y = 0.5_wp * tow_cd_surf(k,j,i) * &
[1819]	2760	SIGN( v(k,j,i)**2 , v(k,j,i) )
[2232]	2761	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + ( - rot_tend_y(k,j,i) &
	2762	- tend_nac_y - tend_tow_y ) &
	2763	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2764	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[2553]	2765	ENDDO
[1819]	2766	ENDIF
	2767
	2768	CASE ( 3 )
	2769	!
	2770	!-- Apply the z-component of the force to the w-component of the flow:
[1839]	2771	IF ( simulated_time >= time_turbine_on ) THEN
[2553]	2772	DO k = nzb+1, MAXVAL(k_hub) + MAXVAL(k_smear)
[2232]	2773	tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - rot_tend_z(k,j,i) &
	2774	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	2775	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
[1819]	2776	ENDDO
	2777	ENDIF
	2778
	2779
	2780	CASE DEFAULT
	2781
	2782	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown prognostic variable: ', component
	2783	CALL message( 'wtm_tendencies', 'PA04??', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	2784
	2785	END SELECT
	2786
	2787
	2788	END SUBROUTINE wtm_tendencies_ij
	2789
	2790	END MODULE wind_turbine_model_mod

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