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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/time_integration.f90 @ 1727

Last change on this file since 1727 was 1692, checked in by maronga, 9 years ago
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1	!> @file time_integration.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2015 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! ------------------
21	!
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: time_integration.f90 1692 2015-10-26 16:29:17Z knoop $
26	!
27	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
28	! Added option for spin-ups without land surface and radiation models. Moved calls
29	! for radiation and lan surface schemes.
30	!
31	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
32	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
33	!
34	! 1671 2015-09-25 03:29:37Z raasch
35	! bugfix: ghostpoint exchange for array diss in case that sgs velocities are used
36	! for particles
37	!
38	! 1585 2015-04-30 07:05:52Z maronga
39	! Moved call of radiation scheme. Added support for RRTM
40	!
41	! 1551 2015-03-03 14:18:16Z maronga
42	! Added interface for different radiation schemes.
43	!
44	! 1496 2014-12-02 17:25:50Z maronga
45	! Added calls for the land surface model and radiation scheme
46	!
47	! 1402 2014-05-09 14:25:13Z raasch
48	! location messages modified
49	!
50	! 1384 2014-05-02 14:31:06Z raasch
51	! location messages added
52	!
53	! 1380 2014-04-28 12:40:45Z heinze
54	! CALL of nudge_ref added
55	! bc_pt_t_val and bc_q_t_val are updated in case nudging is used
56	!
57	! 1365 2014-04-22 15:03:56Z boeske
58	! Reset sums_ls_l to zero at each timestep
59	! +sums_ls_l
60	! Calculation of reference state (previously in subroutine calc_mean_profile)
61
62	! 1342 2014-03-26 17:04:47Z kanani
63	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
64	!
65	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
66	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
67	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
68	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
69	! old module precision_kind is removed,
70	! revision history before 2012 removed,
71	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
72	! all variable declaration statements
73	! 1318 2014-03-17 13:35:16Z raasch
74	! module interfaces removed
75	!
76	! 1308 2014-03-13 14:58:42Z fricke
77	! +netcdf_data_format_save
78	! For masked data, parallel netcdf output is not tested so far, hence
79	! netcdf_data_format is switched back to non-paralell output.
80	!
81	! 1276 2014-01-15 13:40:41Z heinze
82	! Use LSF_DATA also in case of Dirichlet bottom boundary condition for scalars
83	!
84	! 1257 2013-11-08 15:18:40Z raasch
85	! acc-update-host directive for timestep removed
86	!
87	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
88	! Generalize calc_mean_profile for wider use
89	! Determine shf and qsws in dependence on data from LSF_DATA
90	! Determine ug and vg in dependence on data from LSF_DATA
91	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
92	! host update of arrays before timestep is called
93	!
94	! 1179 2013-06-14 05:57:58Z raasch
95	! mean profiles for reference state are only calculated if required,
96	! small bugfix for background communication
97	!
98	! 1171 2013-05-30 11:27:45Z raasch
99	! split of prognostic_equations deactivated (comment lines), for the time being
100	!
101	! 1128 2013-04-12 06:19:32Z raasch
102	! asynchronous transfer of ghost point data realized for acc-optimized version:
103	! prognostic_equations are first called two times for those points required for
104	! the left-right and north-south exchange, respectively, and then for the
105	! remaining points,
106	! those parts requiring global communication moved from prognostic_equations to
107	! here
108	!
109	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
110	! calculation of qr and nr is restricted to precipitation
111	!
112	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
113	! GPU-porting of boundary conditions,
114	! openACC directives updated
115	! formal parameter removed from routine boundary_conds
116	!
117	! 1111 2013-03-08 23:54:10Z raasch
118	! +internal timestep counter for cpu statistics added,
119	! openACC directives updated
120	!
121	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
122	! unused variables removed
123	!
124	! 1065 2012-11-22 17:42:36Z hoffmann
125	! exchange of diss (dissipation rate) in case of turbulence = .TRUE. added
126	!
127	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
128	! exchange of ghost points for nr, qr added
129	!
130	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
131	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
132	!
133	! 1019 2012-09-28 06:46:45Z raasch
134	! non-optimized version of prognostic_equations removed
135	!
136	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
137	! +call of prognostic_equations_acc
138	!
139	! 1001 2012-09-13 14:08:46Z raasch
140	! all actions concerning leapfrog- and upstream-spline-scheme removed
141	!
142	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
143	! advec_particles renamed lpm, first_call_advec_particles renamed first_call_lpm
144	!
145	! 825 2012-02-19 03:03:44Z raasch
146	! wang_collision_kernel renamed wang_kernel
147	!
148	! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:19:04 raasch
149	! Initial revision
150	!
151	!
152	! Description:
153	! ------------
154	!> Integration in time of the model equations, statistical analysis and graphic
155	!> output
156	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
157	SUBROUTINE time_integration
158
159
160	USE advec_ws, &
161	ONLY: ws_statistics
162
163	USE arrays_3d, &
164	ONLY: diss, dzu, e_p, nr_p, prho, pt, pt_p, pt_init, q_init, q, ql, &
165	ql_c, ql_v, ql_vp, qr_p, q_p, ref_state, rho, sa_p, tend, u, &
166	u_p, v, vpt, v_p, w_p
167
168	USE calc_mean_profile_mod, &
169	ONLY: calc_mean_profile
170
171	USE control_parameters, &
172	ONLY: advected_distance_x, advected_distance_y, average_count_3d, &
173	average_count_sp, averaging_interval, averaging_interval_pr, &
174	averaging_interval_sp, bc_lr_cyc, bc_ns_cyc, bc_pt_t_val, &
175	bc_q_t_val, call_psolver_at_all_substeps, cloud_droplets, &
176	cloud_physics, constant_flux_layer, constant_heatflux, &
177	create_disturbances, dopr_n, constant_diffusion, coupling_mode, &
178	coupling_start_time, current_timestep_number, &
179	disturbance_created, disturbance_energy_limit, dist_range, &
180	do_sum, dt_3d, dt_averaging_input, dt_averaging_input_pr, &
181	dt_coupling, dt_data_output_av, dt_disturb, dt_do2d_xy, &
182	dt_do2d_xz, dt_do2d_yz, dt_do3d, dt_domask,dt_dopts, dt_dopr, &
183	dt_dopr_listing, dt_dosp, dt_dots, dt_dvrp, dt_run_control, &
184	end_time, first_call_lpm, galilei_transformation, humidity, &
185	icloud_scheme, intermediate_timestep_count, &
186	intermediate_timestep_count_max, large_scale_forcing, &
187	loop_optimization, lsf_surf, lsf_vert, masks, mid, &
188	netcdf_data_format, neutral, nr_timesteps_this_run, nudging, &
189	ocean, on_device, passive_scalar, precipitation, &
190	prho_reference, pt_reference, pt_slope_offset, random_heatflux, &
191	run_coupled, simulated_time, simulated_time_chr, &
192	skip_time_do2d_xy, skip_time_do2d_xz, skip_time_do2d_yz, &
193	skip_time_do3d, skip_time_domask, skip_time_dopr, &
194	skip_time_dosp, skip_time_data_output_av, sloping_surface, &
195	stop_dt, terminate_coupled, terminate_run, timestep_scheme, &
196	time_coupling, time_do2d_xy, time_do2d_xz, time_do2d_yz, &
197	time_do3d, time_domask, time_dopr, time_dopr_av, &
198	time_dopr_listing, time_dopts, time_dosp, time_dosp_av, &
199	time_dots, time_do_av, time_do_sla, time_disturb, time_dvrp, &
200	time_run_control, time_since_reference_point, &
201	turbulence, &
202	turbulent_inflow, use_initial_profile_as_reference, &
203	use_single_reference_value, u_gtrans, v_gtrans, ws_scheme_mom, &
204	ws_scheme_sca
205
206	USE cpulog, &
207	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
208
209	USE indices, &
210	ONLY: i_left, i_right, j_north, j_south, nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, &
211	nxrg, nyn, nys, nzb, nzt, nzb_u_inner, nzb_v_inner
212
213	USE interaction_droplets_ptq_mod, &
214	ONLY: interaction_droplets_ptq
215
216	USE kinds
217
218	USE land_surface_model_mod, &
219	ONLY: land_surface, lsm_energy_balance, lsm_soil_model, &
220	skip_time_do_lsm
221
222	USE ls_forcing_mod, &
223	ONLY: ls_forcing_surf, ls_forcing_vert
224
225	USE nudge_mod, &
226	ONLY: calc_tnudge, nudge_ref
227
228	USE particle_attributes, &
229	ONLY: particle_advection, particle_advection_start, &
230	use_sgs_for_particles, wang_kernel
231
232	USE pegrid
233
234	USE production_e_mod, &
235	ONLY: production_e_init
236
237	USE progress_bar, &
238	ONLY: finish_progress_bar, output_progress_bar
239
240	USE prognostic_equations_mod, &
241	ONLY: prognostic_equations_acc, prognostic_equations_cache, &
242	prognostic_equations_vector
243
244	USE radiation_model_mod, &
245	ONLY: dt_radiation, force_radiation_call, radiation, &
246	radiation_clearsky, radiation_rrtmg, radiation_scheme, &
247	skip_time_do_radiation, time_radiation
248
249	USE statistics, &
250	ONLY: flow_statistics_called, hom, pr_palm, sums_ls_l
251
252	USE surface_layer_fluxes_mod, &
253	ONLY: surface_layer_fluxes
254
255	USE user_actions_mod, &
256	ONLY: user_actions
257
258	IMPLICIT NONE
259
260	CHARACTER (LEN=9) :: time_to_string !<
261
262	INTEGER(iwp) :: netcdf_data_format_save !<
263
264	!
265	!-- At the beginning of a simulation determine the time step as well as
266	!-- determine and print out the run control parameters
267	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp ) CALL timestep
268
269	CALL run_control
270
271
272	!
273	!-- Data exchange between coupled models in case that a call has been omitted
274	!-- at the end of the previous run of a job chain.
275	IF ( coupling_mode /= 'uncoupled' .AND. run_coupled ) THEN
276	!
277	!-- In case of model termination initiated by the local model the coupler
278	!-- must not be called because this would again cause an MPI hang.
279	DO WHILE ( time_coupling >= dt_coupling .AND. terminate_coupled == 0 )
280	CALL surface_coupler
281	time_coupling = time_coupling - dt_coupling
282	ENDDO
283	IF (time_coupling == 0.0_wp .AND. time_since_reference_point < dt_coupling)&
284	THEN
285	time_coupling = time_since_reference_point
286	ENDIF
287	ENDIF
288
289
290	#if defined( __dvrp_graphics )
291	!
292	!-- Time measurement with dvrp software
293	CALL DVRP_LOG_EVENT( 2, current_timestep_number )
294	#endif
295
296	CALL location_message( 'start with time-stepping', .TRUE. )
297	!
298	!-- Start of the time loop
299	DO WHILE ( simulated_time < end_time .AND. .NOT. stop_dt .AND. &
300	.NOT. terminate_run )
301
302	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(10), 'timesteps', 'start' )
303
304	!
305	!-- Determine size of next time step
306	IF ( simulated_time /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
307	CALL timestep
308	ENDIF
309
310	!
311	!-- Determine ug, vg and w_subs in dependence on data from external file
312	!-- LSF_DATA
313	IF ( large_scale_forcing .AND. lsf_vert ) THEN
314	CALL ls_forcing_vert ( simulated_time )
315	sums_ls_l = 0.0_wp
316	ENDIF
317
318	!
319	!-- Set pt_init and q_init to the current profiles taken from
320	!-- NUDGING_DATA
321	IF ( nudging ) THEN
322	CALL nudge_ref ( simulated_time )
323	!
324	!-- Store temperature gradient at the top boundary for possible Neumann
325	!-- boundary condition
326	bc_pt_t_val = ( pt_init(nzt+1) - pt_init(nzt) ) / dzu(nzt+1)
327	bc_q_t_val = ( q_init(nzt+1) - q_init(nzt) ) / dzu(nzt+1)
328	ENDIF
329
330	!
331	!-- Execute the user-defined actions
332	CALL user_actions( 'before_timestep' )
333
334	!
335	!-- Start of intermediate step loop
336	intermediate_timestep_count = 0
337	DO WHILE ( intermediate_timestep_count < &
338	intermediate_timestep_count_max )
339
340	intermediate_timestep_count = intermediate_timestep_count + 1
341
342	!
343	!-- Set the steering factors for the prognostic equations which depend
344	!-- on the timestep scheme
345	CALL timestep_scheme_steering
346
347	!
348	!-- Calculate those variables needed in the tendency terms which need
349	!-- global communication
350	IF ( .NOT. use_single_reference_value .AND. &
351	.NOT. use_initial_profile_as_reference ) THEN
352	!
353	!-- Horizontally averaged profiles to be used as reference state in
354	!-- buoyancy terms (WARNING: only the respective last call of
355	!-- calc_mean_profile defines the reference state!)
356	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
357	CALL calc_mean_profile( pt, 4 )
358	ref_state(:) = hom(:,1,4,0) ! this is used in the buoyancy term
359	ENDIF
360	IF ( ocean ) THEN
361	CALL calc_mean_profile( rho, 64 )
362	ref_state(:) = hom(:,1,64,0)
363	ENDIF
364	IF ( humidity ) THEN
365	CALL calc_mean_profile( vpt, 44 )
366	ref_state(:) = hom(:,1,44,0)
367	ENDIF
368
369	ENDIF
370
371	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) CALL production_e_init
372	IF ( ( ws_scheme_mom .OR. ws_scheme_sca ) .AND. &
373	intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) CALL ws_statistics
374	!
375	!-- In case of nudging calculate current nudging time scale and horizontal
376	!-- means of u, v, pt and q
377	IF ( nudging ) THEN
378	CALL calc_tnudge( simulated_time )
379	CALL calc_mean_profile( u, 1 )
380	CALL calc_mean_profile( v, 2 )
381	CALL calc_mean_profile( pt, 4 )
382	CALL calc_mean_profile( q, 41 )
383	ENDIF
384
385	!
386	!-- Solve the prognostic equations. A fast cache optimized version with
387	!-- only one single loop is used in case of Piascek-Williams advection
388	!-- scheme. NEC vector machines use a different version, because
389	!-- in the other versions a good vectorization is prohibited due to
390	!-- inlining problems.
391	IF ( loop_optimization == 'cache' ) THEN
392	CALL prognostic_equations_cache
393	ELSEIF ( loop_optimization == 'vector' ) THEN
394	CALL prognostic_equations_vector
395	ELSEIF ( loop_optimization == 'acc' ) THEN
396	i_left = nxl; i_right = nxr
397	j_south = nys; j_north = nyn
398	CALL prognostic_equations_acc
399
400	! i_left = nxl; i_right = nxl+nbgp-1
401	! j_south = nys; j_north = nyn
402	! CALL prognostic_equations_acc
403	! i_left = nxr-nbgp+1; i_right = nxr
404	! j_south = nys; j_north = nyn
405	! CALL prognostic_equations_acc
406
407	!
408	!-- Exchange of ghost points (lateral boundary conditions)
409	IF ( background_communication ) THEN
410
411	CALL cpu_log( log_point(26), 'exchange-horiz-progn', 'start' )
412
413	send_receive = 'lr'
414	sendrecv_in_background = .TRUE.
415	req = 0
416	req_count = 0
417
418	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) THEN ! workaround for single-core GPU runs
419	on_device = .TRUE. ! to be removed after complete porting
420	ELSE ! of ghost point exchange
421	!$acc update host( e_p, pt_p, u_p, v_p, w_p )
422	ENDIF
423
424	CALL exchange_horiz( u_p, nbgp )
425	CALL exchange_horiz( v_p, nbgp )
426	CALL exchange_horiz( w_p, nbgp )
427	CALL exchange_horiz( pt_p, nbgp )
428	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) CALL exchange_horiz( e_p, nbgp )
429	IF ( ocean ) THEN
430	CALL exchange_horiz( sa_p, nbgp )
431	CALL exchange_horiz( rho, nbgp )
432	CALL exchange_horiz( prho, nbgp )
433	ENDIF
434	IF (humidity .OR. passive_scalar) THEN
435	CALL exchange_horiz( q_p, nbgp )
436	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 ) THEN
437	CALL exchange_horiz( qr_p, nbgp )
438	CALL exchange_horiz( nr_p, nbgp )
439	ENDIF
440	ENDIF
441	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
442	CALL exchange_horiz( ql, nbgp )
443	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_c, nbgp )
444	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_v, nbgp )
445	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_vp, nbgp )
446	ENDIF
447	IF ( wang_kernel .OR. turbulence .OR. use_sgs_for_particles ) &
448	THEN
449	CALL exchange_horiz( diss, nbgp )
450	ENDIF
451
452	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) THEN ! workaround for single-core GPU runs
453	on_device = .FALSE. ! to be removed after complete porting
454	ELSE ! of ghost point exchange
455	!$acc update device( e_p, pt_p, u_p, v_p, w_p )
456	ENDIF
457
458	sendrecv_in_background = .FALSE.
459
460	CALL cpu_log( log_point(26), 'exchange-horiz-progn', 'pause' )
461
462	ENDIF
463
464	! i_left = nxl+nbgp; i_right = nxr-nbgp
465	! j_south = nys; j_north = nys+nbgp-1
466	! CALL prognostic_equations_acc
467	! i_left = nxl+nbgp; i_right = nxr-nbgp
468	! j_south = nyn-nbgp+1; j_north = nyn
469	! CALL prognostic_equations_acc
470
471	IF ( background_communication ) THEN
472	CALL cpu_log( log_point(41), 'exchange-horiz-wait', 'start' )
473	#if defined( __parallel )
474	CALL MPI_WAITALL( req_count, req, wait_stat, ierr )
475	#endif
476	CALL cpu_log( log_point(41), 'exchange-horiz-wait', 'pause' )
477
478	CALL cpu_log( log_point(26), 'exchange-horiz-progn', 'continue' )
479
480	send_receive = 'ns'
481	sendrecv_in_background = .TRUE.
482	req = 0
483	req_count = 0
484
485	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) THEN ! workaround for single-core GPU runs
486	on_device = .TRUE. ! to be removed after complete porting
487	ELSE ! of ghost point exchange
488	!$acc update host( e_p, pt_p, u_p, v_p, w_p )
489	ENDIF
490
491	CALL exchange_horiz( u_p, nbgp )
492	CALL exchange_horiz( v_p, nbgp )
493	CALL exchange_horiz( w_p, nbgp )
494	CALL exchange_horiz( pt_p, nbgp )
495	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) CALL exchange_horiz( e_p, nbgp )
496	IF ( ocean ) THEN
497	CALL exchange_horiz( sa_p, nbgp )
498	CALL exchange_horiz( rho, nbgp )
499	CALL exchange_horiz( prho, nbgp )
500	ENDIF
501	IF (humidity .OR. passive_scalar) THEN
502	CALL exchange_horiz( q_p, nbgp )
503	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 ) THEN
504	CALL exchange_horiz( qr_p, nbgp )
505	CALL exchange_horiz( nr_p, nbgp )
506	ENDIF
507	ENDIF
508	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
509	CALL exchange_horiz( ql, nbgp )
510	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_c, nbgp )
511	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_v, nbgp )
512	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_vp, nbgp )
513	ENDIF
514	IF ( wang_kernel .OR. turbulence .OR. use_sgs_for_particles ) &
515	THEN
516	CALL exchange_horiz( diss, nbgp )
517	ENDIF
518
519	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) THEN ! workaround for single-core GPU runs
520	on_device = .FALSE. ! to be removed after complete porting
521	ELSE ! of ghost point exchange
522	!$acc update device( e_p, pt_p, u_p, v_p, w_p )
523	ENDIF
524
525	sendrecv_in_background = .FALSE.
526
527	CALL cpu_log( log_point(26), 'exchange-horiz-progn', 'stop' )
528
529	ENDIF
530
531	! i_left = nxl+nbgp; i_right = nxr-nbgp
532	! j_south = nys+nbgp; j_north = nyn-nbgp
533	! CALL prognostic_equations_acc
534
535	IF ( background_communication ) THEN
536	CALL cpu_log( log_point(41), 'exchange-horiz-wait', 'continue' )
537	#if defined( __parallel )
538	CALL MPI_WAITALL( req_count, req, wait_stat, ierr )
539	#endif
540	send_receive = 'al'
541	CALL cpu_log( log_point(41), 'exchange-horiz-wait', 'stop' )
542	ENDIF
543
544	ENDIF
545
546	!
547	!-- Particle transport/physics with the Lagrangian particle model
548	!-- (only once during intermediate steps, because it uses an Euler-step)
549	!-- ### particle model should be moved before prognostic_equations, in order
550	!-- to regard droplet interactions directly
551	IF ( particle_advection .AND. &
552	simulated_time >= particle_advection_start .AND. &
553	intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
554	CALL lpm
555	first_call_lpm = .FALSE.
556	ENDIF
557
558	!
559	!-- Interaction of droplets with temperature and specific humidity.
560	!-- Droplet condensation and evaporation is calculated within
561	!-- advec_particles.
562	IF ( cloud_droplets .AND. &
563	intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max )&
564	THEN
565	CALL interaction_droplets_ptq
566	ENDIF
567
568	!
569	!-- Exchange of ghost points (lateral boundary conditions)
570	IF ( .NOT. background_communication ) THEN
571
572	CALL cpu_log( log_point(26), 'exchange-horiz-progn', 'start' )
573
574	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) THEN ! workaround for single-core GPU runs
575	on_device = .TRUE. ! to be removed after complete porting
576	ELSE ! of ghost point exchange
577	!$acc update host( e_p, pt_p, u_p, v_p, w_p )
578	ENDIF
579
580	CALL exchange_horiz( u_p, nbgp )
581	CALL exchange_horiz( v_p, nbgp )
582	CALL exchange_horiz( w_p, nbgp )
583	CALL exchange_horiz( pt_p, nbgp )
584	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) CALL exchange_horiz( e_p, nbgp )
585	IF ( ocean ) THEN
586	CALL exchange_horiz( sa_p, nbgp )
587	CALL exchange_horiz( rho, nbgp )
588	CALL exchange_horiz( prho, nbgp )
589	ENDIF
590	IF (humidity .OR. passive_scalar) THEN
591	CALL exchange_horiz( q_p, nbgp )
592	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 .AND. &
593	precipitation ) THEN
594	CALL exchange_horiz( qr_p, nbgp )
595	CALL exchange_horiz( nr_p, nbgp )
596	ENDIF
597	ENDIF
598	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
599	CALL exchange_horiz( ql, nbgp )
600	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_c, nbgp )
601	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_v, nbgp )
602	CALL exchange_horiz( ql_vp, nbgp )
603	ENDIF
604	IF ( wang_kernel .OR. turbulence .OR. use_sgs_for_particles ) &
605	THEN
606	CALL exchange_horiz( diss, nbgp )
607	ENDIF
608
609	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) THEN ! workaround for single-core GPU runs
610	on_device = .FALSE. ! to be removed after complete porting
611	ELSE ! of ghost point exchange
612	!$acc update device( e_p, pt_p, u_p, v_p, w_p )
613	ENDIF
614
615	CALL cpu_log( log_point(26), 'exchange-horiz-progn', 'stop' )
616
617	ENDIF
618
619	!
620	!-- Boundary conditions for the prognostic quantities (except of the
621	!-- velocities at the outflow in case of a non-cyclic lateral wall)
622	CALL boundary_conds
623
624	!
625	!-- Swap the time levels in preparation for the next time step.
626	CALL swap_timelevel
627
628	!
629	!-- Temperature offset must be imposed at cyclic boundaries in x-direction
630	!-- when a sloping surface is used
631	IF ( sloping_surface ) THEN
632	IF ( nxl == 0 ) pt(:,:,nxlg:nxl-1) = pt(:,:,nxlg:nxl-1) - &
633	pt_slope_offset
634	IF ( nxr == nx ) pt(:,:,nxr+1:nxrg) = pt(:,:,nxr+1:nxrg) + &
635	pt_slope_offset
636	ENDIF
637
638	!
639	!-- Impose a turbulent inflow using the recycling method
640	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) CALL inflow_turbulence
641
642	!
643	!-- Impose a random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field
644	IF ( create_disturbances .AND. &
645	( call_psolver_at_all_substeps .AND. &
646	intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max )&
647	.OR. ( .NOT. call_psolver_at_all_substeps .AND. &
648	intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) ) &
649	THEN
650	time_disturb = time_disturb + dt_3d
651	IF ( time_disturb >= dt_disturb ) THEN
652	!$acc update host( u, v )
653	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) on_device = .FALSE. ! workaround, remove later
654	IF ( hom(nzb+5,1,pr_palm,0) < disturbance_energy_limit ) THEN
655	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
656	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
657	ELSEIF ( .NOT. bc_lr_cyc .OR. .NOT. bc_ns_cyc ) THEN
658	!
659	!-- Runs with a non-cyclic lateral wall need perturbations
660	!-- near the inflow throughout the whole simulation
661	dist_range = 1
662	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
663	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
664	dist_range = 0
665	ENDIF
666	IF ( numprocs == 1 ) on_device = .TRUE. ! workaround, remove later
667	!$acc update device( u, v )
668	time_disturb = time_disturb - dt_disturb
669	ENDIF
670	ENDIF
671
672	!
673	!-- Reduce the velocity divergence via the equation for perturbation
674	!-- pressure.
675	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 .OR. &
676	call_psolver_at_all_substeps ) THEN
677	CALL pres
678	ENDIF
679
680	!
681	!-- If required, compute liquid water content
682	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
683	CALL calc_liquid_water_content
684	!$acc update device( ql )
685	ENDIF
686	!
687	!-- If required, compute virtual potential temperature
688	IF ( humidity ) THEN
689	CALL compute_vpt
690	!$acc update device( vpt )
691	ENDIF
692
693	!
694	!-- Compute the diffusion quantities
695	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
696
697	!
698	!-- Determine surface fluxes shf and qsws and surface values
699	!-- pt_surface and q_surface in dependence on data from external
700	!-- file LSF_DATA respectively
701	IF ( ( large_scale_forcing .AND. lsf_surf ) .AND. &
702	intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max )&
703	THEN
704	CALL ls_forcing_surf ( simulated_time )
705	ENDIF
706
707	!
708	!-- First the vertical fluxes in the surface (constant flux) layer are computed
709	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
710	CALL cpu_log( log_point(19), 'surface_layer_fluxes', 'start' )
711	CALL surface_layer_fluxes
712	CALL cpu_log( log_point(19), 'surface_layer_fluxes', 'stop' )
713	ENDIF
714
715	!
716	!-- If required, solve the energy balance for the surface and run soil
717	!-- model
718	IF ( land_surface .AND. simulated_time > skip_time_do_lsm) THEN
719
720	CALL cpu_log( log_point(54), 'land_surface', 'start' )
721	CALL lsm_energy_balance
722	CALL lsm_soil_model
723	CALL cpu_log( log_point(54), 'land_surface', 'stop' )
724	ENDIF
725	!
726	!-- Compute the diffusion coefficients
727	CALL cpu_log( log_point(17), 'diffusivities', 'start' )
728	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
729	IF ( ocean ) THEN
730	CALL diffusivities( prho, prho_reference )
731	ELSE
732	CALL diffusivities( pt, pt_reference )
733	ENDIF
734	ELSE
735	CALL diffusivities( vpt, pt_reference )
736	ENDIF
737	CALL cpu_log( log_point(17), 'diffusivities', 'stop' )
738
739	ENDIF
740
741	!
742	!-- If required, calculate radiative fluxes and heating rates
743	IF ( radiation .AND. intermediate_timestep_count &
744	== intermediate_timestep_count_max .AND. simulated_time > &
745	skip_time_do_radiation ) THEN
746
747	time_radiation = time_radiation + dt_3d
748
749	IF ( time_radiation >= dt_radiation .OR. force_radiation_call ) &
750	THEN
751
752	CALL cpu_log( log_point(50), 'radiation', 'start' )
753
754	IF ( .NOT. force_radiation_call ) THEN
755	time_radiation = time_radiation - dt_radiation
756	ELSE
757	WRITE(9,*) "Unscheduled radiation call at ", simulated_time
758	CALL LOCAL_FLUSH ( 9 )
759	ENDIF
760
761	IF ( radiation_scheme == 'clear-sky' ) THEN
762	CALL radiation_clearsky
763	ELSEIF ( radiation_scheme == 'rrtmg' ) THEN
764	CALL radiation_rrtmg
765	ENDIF
766
767	CALL cpu_log( log_point(50), 'radiation', 'stop' )
768	ENDIF
769	ENDIF
770
771	ENDDO ! Intermediate step loop
772
773	!
774	!-- Increase simulation time and output times
775	nr_timesteps_this_run = nr_timesteps_this_run + 1
776	current_timestep_number = current_timestep_number + 1
777	simulated_time = simulated_time + dt_3d
778	simulated_time_chr = time_to_string( simulated_time )
779	time_since_reference_point = simulated_time - coupling_start_time
780
781	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_data_output_av ) THEN
782	time_do_av = time_do_av + dt_3d
783	ENDIF
784	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_do2d_xy ) THEN
785	time_do2d_xy = time_do2d_xy + dt_3d
786	ENDIF
787	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_do2d_xz ) THEN
788	time_do2d_xz = time_do2d_xz + dt_3d
789	ENDIF
790	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_do2d_yz ) THEN
791	time_do2d_yz = time_do2d_yz + dt_3d
792	ENDIF
793	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_do3d ) THEN
794	time_do3d = time_do3d + dt_3d
795	ENDIF
796	DO mid = 1, masks
797	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_domask(mid) ) THEN
798	time_domask(mid)= time_domask(mid) + dt_3d
799	ENDIF
800	ENDDO
801	time_dvrp = time_dvrp + dt_3d
802	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_dosp ) THEN
803	time_dosp = time_dosp + dt_3d
804	ENDIF
805	time_dots = time_dots + dt_3d
806	IF ( .NOT. first_call_lpm ) THEN
807	time_dopts = time_dopts + dt_3d
808	ENDIF
809	IF ( simulated_time >= skip_time_dopr ) THEN
810	time_dopr = time_dopr + dt_3d
811	ENDIF
812	time_dopr_listing = time_dopr_listing + dt_3d
813	time_run_control = time_run_control + dt_3d
814
815	!
816	!-- Data exchange between coupled models
817	IF ( coupling_mode /= 'uncoupled' .AND. run_coupled ) THEN
818	time_coupling = time_coupling + dt_3d
819
820	!
821	!-- In case of model termination initiated by the local model
822	!-- (terminate_coupled > 0), the coupler must be skipped because it would
823	!-- cause an MPI intercomminucation hang.
824	!-- If necessary, the coupler will be called at the beginning of the
825	!-- next restart run.
826	DO WHILE ( time_coupling >= dt_coupling .AND. terminate_coupled == 0 )
827	CALL surface_coupler
828	time_coupling = time_coupling - dt_coupling
829	ENDDO
830	ENDIF
831
832	!
833	!-- Execute user-defined actions
834	CALL user_actions( 'after_integration' )
835
836	!
837	!-- If Galilei transformation is used, determine the distance that the
838	!-- model has moved so far
839	IF ( galilei_transformation ) THEN
840	advected_distance_x = advected_distance_x + u_gtrans * dt_3d
841	advected_distance_y = advected_distance_y + v_gtrans * dt_3d
842	ENDIF
843
844	!
845	!-- Check, if restart is necessary (because cpu-time is expiring or
846	!-- because it is forced by user) and set stop flag
847	!-- This call is skipped if the remote model has already initiated a restart.
848	IF ( .NOT. terminate_run ) CALL check_for_restart
849
850	!
851	!-- Carry out statistical analysis and output at the requested output times.
852	!-- The MOD function is used for calculating the output time counters (like
853	!-- time_dopr) in order to regard a possible decrease of the output time
854	!-- interval in case of restart runs
855
856	!
857	!-- Set a flag indicating that so far no statistics have been created
858	!-- for this time step
859	flow_statistics_called = .FALSE.
860
861	!
862	!-- If required, call flow_statistics for averaging in time
863	IF ( averaging_interval_pr /= 0.0_wp .AND. &
864	( dt_dopr - time_dopr ) <= averaging_interval_pr .AND. &
865	simulated_time >= skip_time_dopr ) THEN
866	time_dopr_av = time_dopr_av + dt_3d
867	IF ( time_dopr_av >= dt_averaging_input_pr ) THEN
868	do_sum = .TRUE.
869	time_dopr_av = MOD( time_dopr_av, &
870	MAX( dt_averaging_input_pr, dt_3d ) )
871	ENDIF
872	ENDIF
873	IF ( do_sum ) CALL flow_statistics
874
875	!
876	!-- Sum-up 3d-arrays for later output of time-averaged 2d/3d/masked data
877	IF ( averaging_interval /= 0.0_wp .AND. &
878	( dt_data_output_av - time_do_av ) <= averaging_interval .AND. &
879	simulated_time >= skip_time_data_output_av ) &
880	THEN
881	time_do_sla = time_do_sla + dt_3d
882	IF ( time_do_sla >= dt_averaging_input ) THEN
883	CALL sum_up_3d_data
884	average_count_3d = average_count_3d + 1
885	time_do_sla = MOD( time_do_sla, MAX( dt_averaging_input, dt_3d ) )
886	ENDIF
887	ENDIF
888
889	!
890	!-- Calculate spectra for time averaging
891	IF ( averaging_interval_sp /= 0.0_wp .AND. &
892	( dt_dosp - time_dosp ) <= averaging_interval_sp .AND. &
893	simulated_time >= skip_time_dosp ) THEN
894	time_dosp_av = time_dosp_av + dt_3d
895	IF ( time_dosp_av >= dt_averaging_input_pr ) THEN
896	CALL calc_spectra
897	time_dosp_av = MOD( time_dosp_av, &
898	MAX( dt_averaging_input_pr, dt_3d ) )
899	ENDIF
900	ENDIF
901
902	!
903	!-- Computation and output of run control parameters.
904	!-- This is also done whenever perturbations have been imposed
905	IF ( time_run_control >= dt_run_control .OR. &
906	timestep_scheme(1:5) /= 'runge' .OR. disturbance_created ) &
907	THEN
908	CALL run_control
909	IF ( time_run_control >= dt_run_control ) THEN
910	time_run_control = MOD( time_run_control, &
911	MAX( dt_run_control, dt_3d ) )
912	ENDIF
913	ENDIF
914
915	!
916	!-- Profile output (ASCII) on file
917	IF ( time_dopr_listing >= dt_dopr_listing ) THEN
918	CALL print_1d
919	time_dopr_listing = MOD( time_dopr_listing, MAX( dt_dopr_listing, &
920	dt_3d ) )
921	ENDIF
922
923	!
924	!-- Graphic output for PROFIL
925	IF ( time_dopr >= dt_dopr ) THEN
926	IF ( dopr_n /= 0 ) CALL data_output_profiles
927	time_dopr = MOD( time_dopr, MAX( dt_dopr, dt_3d ) )
928	time_dopr_av = 0.0_wp ! due to averaging (see above)
929	ENDIF
930
931	!
932	!-- Graphic output for time series
933	IF ( time_dots >= dt_dots ) THEN
934	CALL data_output_tseries
935	time_dots = MOD( time_dots, MAX( dt_dots, dt_3d ) )
936	ENDIF
937
938	!
939	!-- Output of spectra (formatted for use with PROFIL), in case of no
940	!-- time averaging, spectra has to be calculated before
941	IF ( time_dosp >= dt_dosp ) THEN
942	IF ( average_count_sp == 0 ) CALL calc_spectra
943	CALL data_output_spectra
944	time_dosp = MOD( time_dosp, MAX( dt_dosp, dt_3d ) )
945	ENDIF
946
947	!
948	!-- 2d-data output (cross-sections)
949	IF ( time_do2d_xy >= dt_do2d_xy ) THEN
950	CALL data_output_2d( 'xy', 0 )
951	time_do2d_xy = MOD( time_do2d_xy, MAX( dt_do2d_xy, dt_3d ) )
952	ENDIF
953	IF ( time_do2d_xz >= dt_do2d_xz ) THEN
954	CALL data_output_2d( 'xz', 0 )
955	time_do2d_xz = MOD( time_do2d_xz, MAX( dt_do2d_xz, dt_3d ) )
956	ENDIF
957	IF ( time_do2d_yz >= dt_do2d_yz ) THEN
958	CALL data_output_2d( 'yz', 0 )
959	time_do2d_yz = MOD( time_do2d_yz, MAX( dt_do2d_yz, dt_3d ) )
960	ENDIF
961
962	!
963	!-- 3d-data output (volume data)
964	IF ( time_do3d >= dt_do3d ) THEN
965	CALL data_output_3d( 0 )
966	time_do3d = MOD( time_do3d, MAX( dt_do3d, dt_3d ) )
967	ENDIF
968
969	!
970	!-- masked data output
971	!-- Parallel netcdf output is not tested so far for masked data, hence
972	!-- netcdf_data_format is switched back to non-paralell output.
973	netcdf_data_format_save = netcdf_data_format
974	IF ( netcdf_data_format == 5 ) netcdf_data_format = 3
975	IF ( netcdf_data_format == 6 ) netcdf_data_format = 4
976	DO mid = 1, masks
977	IF ( time_domask(mid) >= dt_domask(mid) ) THEN
978	CALL data_output_mask( 0 )
979	time_domask(mid) = MOD( time_domask(mid), &
980	MAX( dt_domask(mid), dt_3d ) )
981	ENDIF
982	ENDDO
983	netcdf_data_format = netcdf_data_format_save
984
985	!
986	!-- Output of time-averaged 2d/3d/masked data
987	IF ( time_do_av >= dt_data_output_av ) THEN
988	CALL average_3d_data
989	CALL data_output_2d( 'xy', 1 )
990	CALL data_output_2d( 'xz', 1 )
991	CALL data_output_2d( 'yz', 1 )
992	CALL data_output_3d( 1 )
993	!-- Parallel netcdf output is not tested so far for masked data, hence
994	!-- netcdf_data_format is switched back to non-paralell output.
995	netcdf_data_format_save = netcdf_data_format
996	IF ( netcdf_data_format == 5 ) netcdf_data_format = 3
997	IF ( netcdf_data_format == 6 ) netcdf_data_format = 4
998	DO mid = 1, masks
999	CALL data_output_mask( 1 )
1000	ENDDO
1001	netcdf_data_format = netcdf_data_format_save
1002	time_do_av = MOD( time_do_av, MAX( dt_data_output_av, dt_3d ) )
1003	ENDIF
1004
1005	!
1006	!-- Output of particle time series
1007	IF ( particle_advection ) THEN
1008	IF ( time_dopts >= dt_dopts .OR. &
1009	( simulated_time >= particle_advection_start .AND. &
1010	first_call_lpm ) ) THEN
1011	CALL data_output_ptseries
1012	time_dopts = MOD( time_dopts, MAX( dt_dopts, dt_3d ) )
1013	ENDIF
1014	ENDIF
1015
1016	!
1017	!-- Output of dvrp-graphics (isosurface, particles, slicer)
1018	#if defined( __dvrp_graphics )
1019	CALL DVRP_LOG_EVENT( -2, current_timestep_number-1 )
1020	#endif
1021	IF ( time_dvrp >= dt_dvrp ) THEN
1022	CALL data_output_dvrp
1023	time_dvrp = MOD( time_dvrp, MAX( dt_dvrp, dt_3d ) )
1024	ENDIF
1025	#if defined( __dvrp_graphics )
1026	CALL DVRP_LOG_EVENT( 2, current_timestep_number )
1027	#endif
1028
1029	!
1030	!-- If required, set the heat flux for the next time step at a random value
1031	IF ( constant_heatflux .AND. random_heatflux ) CALL disturb_heatflux
1032
1033	!
1034	!-- Execute user-defined actions
1035	CALL user_actions( 'after_timestep' )
1036
1037	!
1038	!-- Output elapsed simulated time in form of a progress bar on stdout
1039	IF ( myid == 0 ) CALL output_progress_bar
1040
1041	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(10), 'timesteps', 'stop' )
1042
1043
1044	ENDDO ! time loop
1045
1046	IF ( myid == 0 ) CALL finish_progress_bar
1047
1048	#if defined( __dvrp_graphics )
1049	CALL DVRP_LOG_EVENT( -2, current_timestep_number )
1050	#endif
1051
1052	CALL location_message( 'finished time-stepping', .TRUE. )
1053
1054	END SUBROUTINE time_integration

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