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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 3254

Last change on this file since 3254 was 3248, checked in by sward, 6 years ago
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1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z suehring $
27	! Minor formating changes
28	!
29	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
30	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
31	!
32	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
33	! unused variables removed
34	!
35	! 3186 2018-07-30 17:07:14Z suehring
36	! Mask topography while imposing inflow perturbations at the boundaries; do not
37	! impose perturbations at top boundary as well as ghost points
38	!
39	! 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring
40	! Rename variables and extend error message
41	! Enable geneartor also for stretched grids
42	!
43	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
44	! Error message related to vertical stretching has been added, dz was replaced
45	! by dz(1)
46	!
47	! 3051 2018-05-30 17:43:55Z suehring
48	! Bugfix in calculation of initial Reynolds-stress tensor.
49	!
50	! 3045 2018-05-28 07:55:41Z Giersch
51	! Error messages revised
52	!
53	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
54	! Add missing variable descriptions
55	!
56	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
57	! updated variable descriptions
58	!
59	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
60	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
61	!
62	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
63	! Remove unused module load
64	!
65	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
66	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
67	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
68	! the x- and y-dimension
69	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
70	!
71	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
72	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
73	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
74	!
75	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
76	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
77	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
78	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
79	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
80	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
81	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
82	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
83	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
84	!
85	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
86	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
87	!
88	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
89	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
90	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
91	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
92	! data
93	!
94	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
95	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
96	!
97	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
98	! Change in file header (GPL part)
99	!
100	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
101	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
102	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
103	!
104	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
105	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
106	! parameters during reading restart data
107	!
108	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
109	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
110	!
111	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
112	! Initial revision
113	!
114	!
115	!
116	! Authors:
117	! --------
118	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
119	!
120	!
121	! Description:
122	! ------------
123	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
124	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
125	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
126	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
127	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
128	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
129	!> tensor are read from file STG_PROFILES.
130	!>
131	!> @todo test restart
132	!> enable cyclic_fill
133	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
134	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
135	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
136	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
137	!> must match with current PALM grid.
138	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
139	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
140	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
141	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
142
143
144	USE arrays_3d, &
145	ONLY: mean_inflow_profiles, u, v, w
146
147	USE constants, &
148	ONLY: pi
149
150	USE control_parameters, &
151	ONLY: initializing_actions, message_string, syn_turb_gen
152
153	USE cpulog, &
154	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point, log_point_s
155
156	USE indices, &
157	ONLY: nbgp, nzb, nzt, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nys, nyn, nyng, nysg
158
159	USE kinds
160
161	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
162	USE MPI
163	#endif
164
165	USE pegrid, &
166	ONLY: comm1dx, comm1dy, comm2d, ierr, myidx, myidy, pdims
167
168	USE transpose_indices, &
169	ONLY: nzb_x, nzt_x
170
171
172	IMPLICIT NONE
173
174	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
175	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
176	#endif
177
178
179	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
180	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
181
182	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
183	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
184	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
185	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
186	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
187	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
188	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
189	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
190	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
191	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
192	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
193	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
194	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
195	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
196
197	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor !< mass flux correction factor
198
199	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
200	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
201	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
202	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
203	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
204	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
205	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
206	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
207	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
208	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
209	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
210	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
211	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
212
213	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
214
215	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
216	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
217	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
218	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
219	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
220	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
221	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
222	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
223	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
224
225	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
226	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
227	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
228	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
229	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
230	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
231	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
232	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
233	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
234	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
235	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
236	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
237	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
238	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
239	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
240	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
241	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
242	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
243	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
244	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
245	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
246
247
248	!
249	!-- PALM interfaces:
250	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
251	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
252	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
253	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
254
255	!
256	!-- Calculate filter functions
257	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
258	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
259	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
260
261	!
262	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
263	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
264	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
265	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
266	!
267	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
268	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
269	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
270	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
271
272	!
273	!-- Output of information to the header file
274	INTERFACE stg_header
275	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
276	END INTERFACE stg_header
277
278	!
279	!-- Initialization actions
280	INTERFACE stg_init
281	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
282	END INTERFACE stg_init
283
284	!
285	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
286	INTERFACE stg_main
287	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
288	END INTERFACE stg_main
289
290	!
291	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
292	INTERFACE stg_parin
293	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
294	END INTERFACE stg_parin
295
296	!
297	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
298	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
299	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
300	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
301
302	!
303	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
304	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
305	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
306	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
307
308	SAVE
309
310	PRIVATE
311
312	!
313	!-- Public interfaces
314	PUBLIC stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, stg_parin, &
315	stg_wrd_global, stg_rrd_global
316
317	!
318	!-- Public variables
319	PUBLIC id_stg_left, id_stg_north, id_stg_right, id_stg_south, &
320	use_syn_turb_gen
321
322
323	CONTAINS
324
325
326	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
327	! Description:
328	! ------------
329	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
330	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
331	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
332
333
334	USE control_parameters, &
335	ONLY: bc_lr, bc_ns, child_domain, nesting_offline, rans_mode, &
336	turbulent_inflow
337
338	USE pmc_interface, &
339	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
340
341
342	IMPLICIT NONE
343
344	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. &
345	nesting_offline ) THEN
346	message_string = 'No synthetic turbulence generator is applied. ' // &
347	'In case PALM operates in LES mode and lateral ' // &
348	'boundary conditions are provided by COSMO model, ' // &
349	'turbulence may require large adjustment lenght at ' //&
350	'the lateral inflow boundaries. Please check your ' // &
351	'results carefully.'
352	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
353	ENDIF
354
355	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. child_domain &
356	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
357	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator has to be applied ' // &
358	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
359	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
360	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0000', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
361	ENDIF
362
363	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
364
365	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
366
367	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
368	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
369	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
370	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
371	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"'
372	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
373	ENDIF
374
375	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
376	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
377	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation"'
378	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
379	ENDIF
380	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
381	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
382	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic"'
383	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
384	ENDIF
385
386	ENDIF
387
388	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
389	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
390	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
391	'is not allowed'
392	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
393	ENDIF
394
395	ENDIF
396
397	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
398
399
400	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
401	! Description:
402	! ------------
403	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
404	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
405	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
406
407
408	IMPLICIT NONE
409
410	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
411
412	!
413	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
414	WRITE( io, 1 )
415	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
416	WRITE( io, 2 )
417	ELSE
418	WRITE( io, 3 )
419	ENDIF
420
421	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
422	' ------------------------------------------'/)
423	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched on')
424	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator switched off')
425
426	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
427
428
429	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
430	! Description:
431	! ------------
432	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
433	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
434	SUBROUTINE stg_init
435
436
437	USE arrays_3d, &
438	ONLY: ddzw, u_init, v_init, zu
439
440	USE control_parameters, &
441	ONLY: child_domain, coupling_char, e_init, nesting_offline, rans_mode
442
443	USE grid_variables, &
444	ONLY: ddx, ddy
445
446	USE indices, &
447	ONLY: nz
448
449	USE pmc_interface, &
450	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
451
452
453	IMPLICIT NONE
454
455	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indication whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
456
457	#if defined( __parallel )
458	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
459	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
460	#endif
461
462	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
463	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
464	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
465	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
466	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
467	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
468	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
469
470	!
471	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
472	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
473	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
474	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
475	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
476	REAL(wp) :: d11 !< vertical interpolation for a11
477	REAL(wp) :: d21 !< vertical interpolation for a21
478	REAL(wp) :: d22 !< vertical interpolation for a22
479	REAL(wp) :: dum_exp !< dummy variable used for exponential vertical decrease of turbulent length scales
480	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
481	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
482	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
483	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
484	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
485	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
486	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
487	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
488
489	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_surface !< typical length scale
490	REAL(wp) :: r_ii_0 !< correction factor
491	REAL(wp) :: time_scale !< typical time scale
492	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_z !< typical length scale
493
494	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
495	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
496	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
497	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
498	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
499	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
500
501
502	#if defined( __parallel )
503	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
504	#endif
505
506	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
507
508	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) &
509	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
510
511	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
512	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
513	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
514	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
515	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
516	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
517
518	#if defined( __parallel )
519	!
520	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
521	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
522	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
523	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
524
525	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
526	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
527	! nzt_x_stg = myidx * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(1) )
528
529	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
530	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
531	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
532	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
533	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
534
535	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
536	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
537	! nzt_y_stg = myidy * nnz + MOD( nz , pdims(2) )
538	ENDIF
539
540	!
541	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
542	!-- velocity seeds
543	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
544	extent = 1 * realsize
545	!
546	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
547	!-- layer
548	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
549	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
550	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
551	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
552	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
553	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
554
555	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
556	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
557	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
558	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
559	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
560	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
561
562	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
563	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
564
565	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
566	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
567
568	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
569	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
570	ENDDO
571	!
572	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
573	!-- layer
574	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
575	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
576	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
577	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
578	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
579	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
580	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
581	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
582
583	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
584	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
585	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
586	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
587	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
588	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
589
590	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
591	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
592
593	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
594	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
595
596	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
597	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
598	ENDDO
599
600	ENDIF
601
602	#endif
603	!
604	!-- Define seed of random number
605	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
606	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
607	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
608	DO j = 1, nseed
609	seed(j) = startseed + j
610	ENDDO
611	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
612
613	!-- Read inflow profile
614	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
615	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
616	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
617	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
618	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
619	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
620
621	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
622
623	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
624	FORM='FORMATTED')
625	!
626	!-- Skip header
627	READ( 90, * )
628
629	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
630	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
631	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
632	d1, d2, d3, d5
633
634	!
635	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points.
636	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
637	nuz(k) = INT( luz * ddzw(k) )
638	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
639	nvz(k) = INT( lvz * ddzw(k) )
640	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
641	nwz(k) = INT( lwz * ddzw(k) )
642	!
643	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
644	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
645	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
646	nux(k) = nuy(k)
647	!
648	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
649	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
650	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
651	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
652	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
653	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
654	ENDIF
655	ENDDO
656	!
657	!-- Set lenght scales at surface grid point
658	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
659	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
660	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
661	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
662	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
663	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
664
665	CLOSE( 90 )
666
667	ELSE
668	!
669	!-- Set-up defaul length scales. Assume exponentially decreasing length
670	!-- scales and isotropic turbulence.
671	!-- Typical length (time) scales of 100 m (s) should be a good compromise
672	!-- between all stratrifications. Near-surface variances are fixed to
673	!-- 0.1 m2/s2, vertical fluxes are one order of magnitude smaller.
674	!-- Vertical fluxes
675	length_scale_surface = 100.0_wp
676	r_ii_0 = 0.1_wp
677	time_scale = 100.0_wp
678	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
679	dum_exp = MERGE( -zu(k) / ( 0.3* zu(nzt) ), &
680	0.0_wp, &
681	zu(k) > 0.3 * zu(nzt) &
682	)
683	length_scale_z = length_scale_surface * EXP( dum_exp )
684
685	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
686	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
687	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
688	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
689	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
690	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
691	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddx ), 1 )
692	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddy ), 1 )
693	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_z * ddzw(k) ), 1 )
694
695	r11(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
696	r22(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
697	r33(k) = r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
698
699	r21(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
700	r31(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
701	r32(k) = 0.1_wp * r_ii_0 * EXP( dum_exp )
702
703	tu(k) = time_scale
704	tv(k) = time_scale
705	tw(k) = time_scale
706
707	ENDDO
708	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
709	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
710	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
711	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
712	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
713	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
714	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
715	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
716	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
717
718	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
719	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
720	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
721
722	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
723	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
724	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
725
726	tu(nzb) = time_scale
727	tv(nzb) = time_scale
728	tw(nzb) = time_scale
729
730	ENDIF
731
732	!
733	!-- Assign initial profiles
734	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
735	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
736	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
737	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
738	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
739	ENDIF
740	!
741	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor (Lund rotation)
742	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
743	IF ( r11(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
744	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
745	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
746	ELSE
747	a11(k) = 0.0_wp
748	a21(k) = 0.0_wp
749	ENDIF
750
751	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
752	IF ( a22(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
753	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
754	ELSE
755	a22(k) = 0.0_wp
756	ENDIF
757
758	!
759	!-- a31, a32, a33 must be calculated with interpolated a11, a21, a22 (d11,
760	!-- d21, d22) because of different vertical grid
761	IF ( k .le. nzt ) THEN
762	d11 = 0.5_wp * ( r11(k) + r11(k+1) )
763	IF ( d11 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
764	d11 = SQRT( d11 )
765	d21 = ( 0.5_wp * ( r21(k) + r21(k+1) ) ) / d11
766	a31(k) = r31(k) / d11
767	ELSE
768	d21 = 0.0_wp
769	a31(k) = 0.0_wp
770	ENDIF
771
772	d22 = 0.5_wp * ( r22(k) + r22(k+1) ) - d21 ** 2
773	IF ( d22 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
774	a32(k) = ( r32(k) - d21 * a31(k) ) / SQRT( d22 )
775	ELSE
776	a32(k) = 0.0_wp
777	ENDIF
778
779	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k) 2 - a32(k) 2
780	IF ( a33(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
781	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
782	ELSE
783	a33(k) = 0.0_wp
784	ENDIF
785	ELSE
786	a31(k) = a31(k-1)
787	a32(k) = a32(k-1)
788	a33(k) = a33(k-1)
789	ENDIF
790
791	ENDDO
792	!
793	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
794	merg = 0
795
796	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
797	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
798	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
799	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
800	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
801	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
802	ENDDO
803
804	merg = 2 * merg
805	mergp = merg + nbgp
806
807	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
808	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
809	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
810	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
811	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
812	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
813	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
814	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
815	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
816
817	!
818	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
819	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
820	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
821	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
822
823	!
824	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
825	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
826	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
827	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
828
829	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
830	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
831	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
832	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
833	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
834	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
835
836	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
837	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
838	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
839	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
840	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
841	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
842
843	!
844	!-- Create filter functions
845	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
846	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
847	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
848	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
849	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
850	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
851	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
852	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
853	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
854
855	#if defined( __parallel )
856	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
857	#endif
858
859	!
860	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
861	! time step.
862	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
863	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
864	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
865	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
866
867	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
868	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
869
870	DO j = nysg, nyng
871	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
872
873	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
874	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) / mc_factor - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
875	ELSE
876	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
877	ENDIF
878
879	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
880	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
881	v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
882	ELSE
883	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
884	ENDIF
885
886	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
887	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) / mc_factor - a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - &
888	a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
889	ELSE
890	fw_yz = 0._wp
891	ENDIF
892
893	ENDDO
894	ENDDO
895	ENDIF
896	ENDIF
897
898	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
899
900	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
901
902
903	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
904	! Description:
905	! ------------
906	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
907	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
908	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
909	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
910
911
912	IMPLICIT NONE
913
914	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
915	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
916	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
917	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
918
919	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
920	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
921
922	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
923
924	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
925
926
927	bxx = 0.0_wp
928
929	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
930	bdenom = 0.0_wp
931	n_k = nxx(k)
932	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
933	n_k2 = n_k * 2
934
935	!
936	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
937	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
938	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
939	ENDDO
940
941	!
942	!-- ( Eq.9 )
943	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
944	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
945	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
946	ENDDO
947	ENDIF
948	ENDDO
949
950	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
951
952
953	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
954	! Description:
955	! ------------
956	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
957	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
958	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
959
960
961	IMPLICIT NONE
962
963	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
964
965
966	NAMELIST /stg_par/ use_syn_turb_gen
967
968	line = ' '
969
970	!
971	!-- Try to find stg package
972	REWIND ( 11 )
973	line = ' '
974	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
975	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=20 ) line
976	ENDDO
977	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
978
979	!
980	!-- Read namelist
981	READ ( 11, stg_par, ERR = 10, END = 20 )
982
983	!
984	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
985	!-- on
986	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
987	GOTO 20
988
989	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
990	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
991	CALL parin_fail_message( 'stg_par', line )
992
993	20 CONTINUE
994
995	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
996
997
998	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
999	! Description:
1000	! ------------
1001	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
1002	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1003	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
1004
1005
1006	USE control_parameters, &
1007	ONLY: length, restart_string
1008
1009
1010	IMPLICIT NONE
1011
1012	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
1013
1014
1015	found = .TRUE.
1016
1017
1018	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
1019
1020	CASE ( 'mc_factor' )
1021	READ ( 13 ) mc_factor
1022	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
1023	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
1024
1025	CASE DEFAULT
1026
1027	found = .FALSE.
1028
1029	END SELECT
1030
1031
1032	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
1033
1034
1035	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1036	! Description:
1037	! ------------
1038	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
1039	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1040	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1041
1042
1043	IMPLICIT NONE
1044
1045	CALL wrd_write_string( 'mc_factor' )
1046	WRITE ( 14 ) mc_factor
1047
1048	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
1049	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
1050
1051
1052	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
1053
1054
1055	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1056	! Description:
1057	! ------------
1058	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
1059	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
1060	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
1061	!> (Lund, 1998).
1062	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1063	SUBROUTINE stg_main
1064
1065
1066	USE arrays_3d, &
1067	ONLY: dzw
1068
1069	USE control_parameters, &
1070	ONLY: child_domain, dt_3d, intermediate_timestep_count, &
1071	nesting_offline, rans_mode, simulated_time, volume_flow_initial
1072
1073	USE grid_variables, &
1074	ONLY: dx, dy
1075
1076	USE indices, &
1077	ONLY: wall_flags_0
1078
1079	USE statistics, &
1080	ONLY: weight_substep
1081
1082	USE pmc_interface, &
1083	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
1084
1085
1086	IMPLICIT NONE
1087
1088	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1089	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1090	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1091
1092	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
1093	REAL(wp) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
1094	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow !< mass flux through lateral boundary
1095	REAL(wp) :: volume_flow_l !< local mass flux through lateral boundary
1096
1097	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,5) :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
1098	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,5) :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at left/right boundary
1099
1100
1101	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'start' )
1102
1103	!
1104	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
1105	dt_stg = dt_3d * weight_substep(intermediate_timestep_count)
1106
1107	!
1108	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
1109	IF ( simulated_time == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
1110	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
1111	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
1112	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
1113
1114	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
1115	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1116	!
1117	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1118	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
1119	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
1120	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
1121	!
1122	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1123	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
1124	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
1125	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
1126	!
1127	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1128	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
1129	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
1130	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
1131	ENDIF
1132	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
1133	ENDIF
1134	!
1135	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
1136	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
1137	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
1138	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
1139
1140	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
1141	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
1142	!
1143	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
1144	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
1145	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
1146	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
1147	!
1148	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
1149	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
1150	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
1151	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
1152	!
1153	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
1154	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
1155	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
1156	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
1157	ENDIF
1158	!
1159	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
1160	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1161
1162	DO j = nysg, nyng
1163	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1164	!
1165	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1166	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1167	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
1168	ELSE
1169	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1170	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1171	ENDIF
1172
1173	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1174	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
1175	ELSE
1176	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1177	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1178	ENDIF
1179
1180	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1181	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
1182	ELSE
1183	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1184	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1185	ENDIF
1186	!
1187	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1188	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1189	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1190	dist_yz(k,j,1) = 0.0_wp
1191	dist_yz(k,j,2) = 0.0_wp
1192	dist_yz(k,j,3) = 0.0_wp
1193	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1194	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1195	ELSE
1196	dist_yz(k,j,1) = a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j)
1197	!experimental test of 1.2
1198	dist_yz(k,j,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1199	* 1.2_wp ) &
1200	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1201	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) )
1202	dist_yz(k,j,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1203	* 1.3_wp ) &
1204	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
1205	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
1206	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) )
1207	! Calculation for pt and e not yet implemented
1208	! dist_yz(k,j,4) = 0.0_wp
1209	! dist_yz(k,j,5) = 0.0_wp
1210	ENDIF
1211
1212	ENDDO
1213	ENDDO
1214
1215	!
1216	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1217	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1218	!-- inflow boundary
1219	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
1220	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1221	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1222	DO j = nys, nyn
1223	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1224	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + dzw(k) * &
1225	( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) )
1226	ENDDO
1227	ENDDO
1228
1229	#if defined( __parallel )
1230	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1231	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1232	#else
1233	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1234	#endif
1235
1236	mc_factor = volume_flow_initial(1) / mc_factor
1237
1238	!
1239	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
1240	DO j = nysg, nyng
1241	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1242	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
1243	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) * mc_factor
1244	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
1245	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) * mc_factor
1246	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) * mc_factor
1247	ENDDO
1248	ENDDO
1249
1250	ELSE
1251	!
1252	!-- First, calculate volume flow at yz boundary
1253	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
1254	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
1255
1256	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1257	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1258	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1259	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1260	DO j = nys, nyn
1261	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1262	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy &
1263	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1264	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1265
1266	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( u(k,j,i) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1267	* dzw(k) * dy &
1268	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1269	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1270	ENDDO
1271	ENDDO
1272	#if defined( __parallel )
1273	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1274	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1275	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1276	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1277	#else
1278	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1279	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1280	#endif
1281
1282	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1283
1284	!
1285	!-- Add disturbances
1286	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
1287
1288	DO j = nys, nyn
1289	DO k = nzb, nzt
1290	u(k,j,0) = ( u(k,j,0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1291	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1292	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,0), 1 ) )
1293	v(k,j,-1) = ( v(k,j,-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1294	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1295	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 2 ) )
1296	w(k,j,-1) = ( w(k,j,-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1297	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1298	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 3 ) )
1299	ENDDO
1300	ENDDO
1301	ENDIF
1302	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
1303
1304	DO j = nys, nyn
1305	DO k = nzb, nzt
1306	u(k,j,nxr+1) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
1307	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1308	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 1 ) )
1309	v(k,j,nxr+1) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
1310	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1311	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 2 ) )
1312	w(k,j,nxr+1) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
1313	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1314	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 3 ) )
1315	ENDDO
1316	ENDDO
1317	ENDIF
1318	ENDIF
1319
1320	ENDIF
1321	!
1322	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
1323	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1324
1325	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1326	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
1327	!
1328	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1329	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1330	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
1331	ELSE
1332	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
1333	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
1334	ENDIF
1335
1336	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1337	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
1338	ELSE
1339	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
1340	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
1341	ENDIF
1342
1343	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1344	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
1345	ELSE
1346	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
1347	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
1348	ENDIF
1349	!
1350	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
1351	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
1352	IF( k == 0 ) THEN
1353	dist_xz(k,i,1) = 0.0_wp
1354	dist_xz(k,i,2) = 0.0_wp
1355	dist_xz(k,i,3) = 0.0_wp
1356
1357	ELSE
1358	dist_xz(k,i,1) = a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i)
1359	!experimental test of 1.2
1360	dist_xz(k,i,2) = ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
1361	* 1.2_wp ) &
1362	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1363	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) )
1364	dist_xz(k,i,3) = ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
1365	* 1.3_wp ) &
1366	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
1367	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
1368	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) )
1369	ENDIF
1370
1371	ENDDO
1372	ENDDO
1373	!
1374	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
1375	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
1376	!-- inflow boundary.
1377	!-- First, calculate volume flow at xz boundary
1378	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
1379	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
1380
1381	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1382	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1383	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
1384	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
1385	DO i = nxl, nxr
1386	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1387	volume_flow_l = volume_flow_l + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx &
1388	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1389	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1390
1391	mc_factor_l = mc_factor_l + ( v(k,j,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1392	* dzw(k) * dx &
1393	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1394	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1395	ENDDO
1396	ENDDO
1397	#if defined( __parallel )
1398	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, &
1399	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1400	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
1401	1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1402	#else
1403	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1404	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
1405	#endif
1406
1407	mc_factor = volume_flow / mc_factor
1408
1409	!
1410	!-- Add disturbances
1411	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
1412
1413	DO i = nxl, nxr
1414	DO k = nzb, nzt
1415	u(k,-1,i) = ( u(k,-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1416	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1417	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,-1,i), 1 ) )
1418	v(k,0,i) = ( v(k,0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
1419	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1420	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,0,i), 2 ) )
1421	w(k,-1,i) = ( w(k,-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
1422	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1423	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,-1,i), 3 ) )
1424	ENDDO
1425	ENDDO
1426	ENDIF
1427	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
1428
1429	DO i = nxl, nxr
1430	DO k = nzb, nzt
1431	u(k,nyn+1,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1432	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1433	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 1 ) )
1434	v(k,nyn+1,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1435	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1436	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 2 ) )
1437	w(k,nyn+1,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
1438	* mc_factor * MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1439	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 3 ) )
1440	ENDDO
1441	ENDDO
1442	ENDIF
1443	ENDIF
1444
1445	CALL cpu_log( log_point(57), 'synthetic_turbulence_gen', 'stop' )
1446
1447	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
1448
1449	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1450	! Description:
1451	! ------------
1452	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1453	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1454	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
1455	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1456	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1457	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1458	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
1459
1460
1461	USE indices, &
1462	ONLY: ny
1463
1464	IMPLICIT NONE
1465
1466	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1467	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
1468	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
1469	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1470	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1471	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1472
1473	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
1474	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1475	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
1476	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1477
1478	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
1479	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1480	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1481
1482	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter func in y-dir
1483	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1484	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1485	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1486	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1487
1488
1489	!
1490	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1491	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1492	!-- unit variance.
1493	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
1494
1495	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1496	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1497	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
1498
1499	DO j = 0, ny
1500	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1501	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
1502	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
1503	ENDDO
1504	ENDDO
1505
1506	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
1507
1508	DO j = 0, ny
1509	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1510	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
1511	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
1512	ENDDO
1513	ENDDO
1514
1515	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
1516
1517	DO j = 0, ny
1518	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1519	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
1520	ENDDO
1521	ENDDO
1522
1523	!
1524	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1525	DO j = 0, ny
1526	DO k = 1, mergp
1527	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
1528	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
1529	ENDDO
1530	ENDDO
1531	DO j = 1, mergp
1532	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1533	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
1534	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
1535	ENDDO
1536	ENDDO
1537
1538	!
1539	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1540	n_y2 = n_y * 2
1541	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1542	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1543
1544	DO j = nysg, nyng
1545	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
1546	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
1547	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1548	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
1549	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
1550	ENDDO
1551	ENDDO
1552	ENDDO
1553	ENDDO
1554
1555	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1556	!
1557	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1558	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
1559	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1560
1561	#if defined( __parallel )
1562	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
1563	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
1564	id, comm1dx, ierr )
1565	#else
1566	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
1567	#endif
1568
1569
1570	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1576	! Description:
1577	! ------------
1578	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
1579	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
1580	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
1581	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
1582	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
1583	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1584	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
1585
1586
1587	USE indices, &
1588	ONLY: nx
1589
1590
1591	IMPLICIT NONE
1592
1593	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
1594	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
1595	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
1596	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
1597	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
1598	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
1599
1600	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
1601	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
1602	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_y*2
1603	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
1604
1605	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
1606	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
1607	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
1608
1609	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter func in y-dir
1610	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter func in z-dir
1611	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
1612	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
1613	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
1614
1615
1616	!
1617	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
1618	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
1619	!-- unit variance.
1620	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
1621
1622	rand_av = 0.0_wp
1623	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
1624	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
1625
1626	DO i = 0, nx
1627	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1628	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
1629	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
1630	ENDDO
1631	ENDDO
1632
1633	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
1634
1635	DO i = 0, nx
1636	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1637	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
1638	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
1639	ENDDO
1640	ENDDO
1641
1642	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
1643
1644	DO i = 0, nx
1645	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1646	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
1647	ENDDO
1648	ENDDO
1649
1650	!
1651	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
1652	DO i = 0, nx
1653	DO k = 1, mergp
1654	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
1655	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
1656	ENDDO
1657	ENDDO
1658	DO i = 1, mergp
1659	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
1660	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
1661	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
1662	ENDDO
1663	ENDDO
1664
1665	!
1666	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
1667	n_x2 = n_x * 2
1668	n_z2 = n_z * 2
1669	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
1670
1671	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1672	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
1673	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
1674	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
1675	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
1676	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
1677	ENDDO
1678	ENDDO
1679	ENDDO
1680	ENDDO
1681
1682	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
1683
1684	!
1685	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
1686	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
1687	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
1688
1689
1690	#if defined( __parallel )
1691	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
1692	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
1693	id, comm1dy, ierr )
1694	#else
1695	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
1696	#endif
1697
1698
1699	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
1700
1701	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

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