Home

Context Navigation

source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 @ 4082

Last change on this file since 4082 was 4071, checked in by suehring, 5 years ago
Bugfix in synthetic turbulence generator in non-nested cases (offline or self nesting) when no cyclic fill is used: in order to get correct initial inflow profiles at the left boundary the array mean_inflow_profiles need to be initialized accordingly.
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 100.2 KB

Rev	Line
[2259]	1	!> @synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90
	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[2259]	4	!
[2696]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
[2259]	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
	9	!
[2696]	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
[2259]	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[3885]	17	! Copyright 2017-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[2259]	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	19	!
	20	! Current revisions:
	21	! -----------------
	22	!
[3349]	23	!
[2259]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod.f90 4071 2019-07-03 20:02:00Z raasch $
[4071]	27	! Bugfix, initialize mean_inflow_profiles in case turbulence and inflow
	28	! information is not read from file.
	29	!
	30	! 4022 2019-06-12 11:52:39Z suehring
[4022]	31	! Several bugfixes and improvements
	32	! - revise bias correction of the imposed perturbations (correction via volume
	33	! flow can create instabilities in case the mean volume flow is close to zero)
	34	! - introduce lower limits in calculation of coefficient matrix, else the
	35	! calculation may become numerically unstable
	36	! - impose perturbations every timestep, even though no new set of perturbations
	37	! is generated in case dt_stg_call /= dt_3d
	38	! - Implement a gradual decrease of Reynolds stress and length scales above
	39	! ABL height (within 1 length scale above ABL depth to 1/10) rather than a
	40	! discontinuous decrease
	41	! - Bugfix in non-nested case: use ABL height for parametrized turbulence
	42	!
	43	! 3987 2019-05-22 09:52:13Z kanani
[3987]	44	! Introduce alternative switch for debug output during timestepping
	45	!
	46	! 3938 2019-04-29 16:06:25Z suehring
[3938]	47	! Remove unused variables
	48	!
	49	! 3937 2019-04-29 15:09:07Z suehring
[3937]	50	! Minor bugfix in case of a very early restart where mc_factor is sill not
	51	! present.
	52	! Some modification and fixing of potential bugs in the calculation of scaling
	53	! parameters used for synthetic turbulence parametrization.
	54	!
	55	! 3909 2019-04-17 09:13:25Z suehring
[3909]	56	! Minor bugfix for last commit
	57	!
	58	! 3900 2019-04-16 15:17:43Z suehring
[3900]	59	! Missing re-calculation of perturbation seeds in case of restarts
	60	!
	61	! 3891 2019-04-12 17:52:01Z suehring
[3891]	62	! Bugfix in initialization in case of restart runs.
	63	!
	64	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
[3885]	65	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
	66	! of additional debug messages
	67	!
	68	!
[3775]	69	! removed unused variables
	70	!
	71	! 3719 2019-02-06 13:10:18Z kanani
[3719]	72	! Removed log_point measurement from stg_init, since this part is counted to
	73	! log_point(2) 'initialisation' already. Moved other log_points to calls of
	74	! the subroutines in time_integration for better overview.
	75	!
	76	! 3646 2018-12-28 17:58:49Z kanani
[3646]	77	! Bugfix: use time_since_reference_point instead of simulated_time (relevant
	78	! when using wall/soil spinup)
	79	!
	80	! 3579 2018-11-29 15:32:39Z suehring
[3579]	81	! - Bugfix in calculation of turbulence scaling parameters for turbulence
	82	! generator in case of topography
	83	! - Additional checks implemented - no STG in RANS-RANS nesting or LES-LES
	84	! nesting
	85	!
	86	! 3376 2018-10-19 10:15:32Z suehring
[3376]	87	! Error messages and numbers reivsed.
	88	!
	89	! 3349 2018-10-15 16:39:41Z suehring
[3349]	90	! Fix for format descriptor
	91	!
	92	! 3348 2018-10-15 14:30:51Z suehring
[3347]	93	! - Revise structure of init routine
	94	! - introduce new parameters to skip STG for some timesteps
	95	! - introduce time-dependent parametrization of Reynolds-stress tensor
	96	! - Bugfix in allocation of mean_inflow_profiles
	97	!
	98	! 3341 2018-10-15 10:31:27Z suehring
[3289]	99	! Introduce module parameter for number of inflow profiles
	100	!
	101	! 3288 2018-09-28 10:23:08Z suehring
[3274]	102	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
	103	!
	104	! 3248 2018-09-14 09:42:06Z sward
[3248]	105	! Minor formating changes
	106	!
	107	! 3246 2018-09-13 15:14:50Z sward
[3246]	108	! Added error handling for input namelist via parin_fail_message
	109	!
	110	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
[3241]	111	! unused variables removed
	112	!
	113	! 3186 2018-07-30 17:07:14Z suehring
[3186]	114	! Mask topography while imposing inflow perturbations at the boundaries; do not
	115	! impose perturbations at top boundary as well as ghost points
	116	!
	117	! 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring
[3183]	118	! Rename variables and extend error message
	119	! Enable geneartor also for stretched grids
	120	!
	121	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
[3065]	122	! Error message related to vertical stretching has been added, dz was replaced
	123	! by dz(1)
	124	!
	125	! 3051 2018-05-30 17:43:55Z suehring
[3051]	126	! Bugfix in calculation of initial Reynolds-stress tensor.
[3049]	127	!
	128	! 3045 2018-05-28 07:55:41Z Giersch
[3051]	129	! Error messages revised
[3045]	130	!
	131	! 3044 2018-05-25 10:59:41Z gronemeier
[3044]	132	! Add missing variable descriptions
	133	!
	134	! 3038 2018-05-24 10:54:00Z gronemeier
[3038]	135	! updated variable descriptions
	136	!
	137	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
[2967]	138	! bugfix: missing parallel cpp-directives added
[3038]	139	!
[2967]	140	! 2946 2018-04-04 17:01:23Z suehring
[2946]	141	! Remove unused module load
[3038]	142	!
[2946]	143	! 2945 2018-04-04 16:27:14Z suehring
[3038]	144	! - Bugfix in parallelization of synthetic turbulence generator in case the
	145	! z-dimension is not an integral divisor of the number of processors along
[2945]	146	! the x- and y-dimension
[3038]	147	! - Revision in control mimic in case of RAN-LES nesting
	148	!
[2945]	149	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
[3038]	150	! Apply turbulence generator at all non-cyclic lateral boundaries in case of
	151	! realistic Inifor large-scale forcing or RANS-LES nesting
	152	!
[2938]	153	! 2936 2018-03-27 14:49:27Z suehring
[3038]	154	! variable named found has been introduced for checking if restart data was found,
	155	! reading of restart strings has been moved completely to read_restart_data_mod,
	156	! redundant skipping function has been removed, stg_read/write_restart_data
	157	! have been renamed to stg_r/wrd_global, stg_rrd_global is called in
[2894]	158	! read_restart_data_mod now, flag syn_turb_gen_prerun and marker *** end stg
[3038]	159	! *** have been removed (Giersch), strings and their respective lengths are
	160	! written out and read now in case of restart runs to get rid of prescribed
	161	! character lengths (Giersch), CASE DEFAULT was added if restart data is read
	162	!
[2894]	163	! 2841 2018-02-27 15:02:57Z suehring
[2841]	164	! Bugfix: wrong placement of include 'mpif.h' corrected
[3038]	165	!
[2841]	166	! 2836 2018-02-26 13:40:05Z Giersch
[3038]	167	! The variables synthetic_turbulence_generator and
[2836]	168	! use_synthetic_turbulence_generator have been abbreviated + syn_turb_gen_prerun
	169	! flag is used to define if module related parameters were outputted as restart
[3038]	170	! data
	171	!
[2776]	172	! 2716 2017-12-29 16:35:59Z kanani
[2716]	173	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
[3038]	174	!
[2716]	175	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	176	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	177	!
	178	! 2669 2017-12-06 16:03:27Z raasch
[2669]	179	! unit number for file containing turbulence generator data changed to 90
	180	! bugfix: preprocessor directives added for MPI specific code
[3038]	181	!
[2669]	182	! 2576 2017-10-24 13:49:46Z Giersch
[3038]	183	! Definition of a new function called stg_skip_global to skip module
[2576]	184	! parameters during reading restart data
[3038]	185	!
[2576]	186	! 2563 2017-10-19 15:36:10Z Giersch
[2563]	187	! stg_read_restart_data is called in stg_parin in the case of a restart run
[3038]	188	!
[2563]	189	! 2259 2017-06-08 09:09:11Z gronemeier
[2259]	190	! Initial revision
	191	!
	192	!
[3038]	193	!
[2259]	194	! Authors:
	195	! --------
[3347]	196	! @author Tobias Gronemeier, Matthias Suehring, Atsushi Inagaki, Micha Gryschka, Christoph Knigge
	197	!
[2259]	198	!
	199	!
	200	! Description:
	201	! ------------
	202	!> The module generates turbulence at the inflow boundary based on a method by
	203	!> Xie and Castro (2008) utilizing a Lund rotation (Lund, 1998) and a mass-flux
	204	!> correction by Kim et al. (2013).
	205	!> The turbulence is correlated based on length scales in y- and z-direction and
	206	!> a time scale for each velocity component. The profiles of length and time
	207	!> scales, mean u, v, w, e and pt, and all components of the Reynolds stress
[3347]	208	!> tensor can be either read from file STG_PROFILES, or will be parametrized
	209	!> within the boundary layer.
[2259]	210	!>
	211	!> @todo test restart
	212	!> enable cyclic_fill
	213	!> implement turbulence generation for e and pt
[2945]	214	!> @todo Input of height-constant length scales via namelist
[2259]	215	!> @note <Enter notes on the module>
	216	!> @bug Height information from input file is not used. Profiles from input
	217	!> must match with current PALM grid.
	218	!> In case of restart, velocity seeds differ from precursor run if a11,
	219	!> a22, or a33 are zero.
	220	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	221	MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod
	222
	223
	224	USE arrays_3d, &
[4022]	225	ONLY: dzw, &
	226	ddzw, &
	227	drho_air, &
	228	mean_inflow_profiles, &
	229	q, &
[4071]	230	q_init, &
	231	pt, &
	232	pt_init, &
[4022]	233	u, &
	234	u_init, &
	235	v, &
	236	v_init, &
	237	w, &
	238	zu, &
	239	zw
[2259]	240
[3274]	241	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
[4022]	242	ONLY: g, &
	243	kappa, &
	244	pi
[2259]	245
	246	USE control_parameters, &
[4022]	247	ONLY: bc_lr, &
	248	bc_ns, &
	249	child_domain, &
	250	coupling_char, &
	251	debug_output_timestep, &
	252	dt_3d, &
	253	e_init, &
[4071]	254	humidity, &
[3885]	255	initializing_actions, &
[4022]	256	intermediate_timestep_count, &
	257	intermediate_timestep_count_max, &
	258	length, &
[3885]	259	message_string, &
[4022]	260	nesting_offline, &
[4071]	261	neutral, &
[3885]	262	num_mean_inflow_profiles, &
[4022]	263	rans_mode, &
	264	restart_string, &
	265	syn_turb_gen, &
	266	time_since_reference_point, &
	267	turbulent_inflow
	268
	269	USE grid_variables, &
	270	ONLY: ddx, &
	271	ddy, &
	272	dx, &
	273	dy
[2259]	274
	275	USE indices, &
[4022]	276	ONLY: nbgp, &
	277	nz, &
	278	nzb, &
	279	nzt, &
	280	nx, &
	281	nxl, &
	282	nxlu, &
	283	nxlg, &
	284	nxr, &
	285	nxrg, &
	286	ny, &
	287	nys, &
	288	nysv, &
	289	nyn, &
	290	nyng, &
	291	nysg, &
	292	wall_flags_0
[2259]	293
	294	USE kinds
	295
[2967]	296	#if defined( __parallel ) && !defined( __mpifh )
[2259]	297	USE MPI
[2841]	298	#endif
[2259]	299
[3347]	300	USE nesting_offl_mod, &
[4022]	301	ONLY: nesting_offl_calc_zi, &
	302	zi_ribulk
[3347]	303
[2259]	304	USE pegrid, &
[4022]	305	ONLY: comm1dx, &
	306	comm1dy, &
	307	comm2d, &
	308	ierr, &
	309	myidx, &
	310	myidy, &
	311	pdims
	312
	313	USE pmc_interface, &
	314	ONLY : rans_mode_parent
[2259]	315
	316	USE transpose_indices, &
[4022]	317	ONLY: nzb_x, &
	318	nzt_x
[2259]	319
	320
	321	IMPLICIT NONE
	322
[2967]	323	#if defined( __parallel ) && defined( __mpifh )
[2841]	324	INCLUDE "mpif.h"
	325	#endif
	326
[3182]	327
[3347]	328	LOGICAL :: velocity_seed_initialized = .FALSE. !< true after first call of stg_main
	329	LOGICAL :: parametrize_inflow_turbulence = .FALSE. !< flag indicating that inflow turbulence is either read from file (.FALSE.) or if it parametrized
	330	LOGICAL :: use_syn_turb_gen = .FALSE. !< switch to use synthetic turbulence generator
[2259]	331
[3038]	332	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_left !< left lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	333	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_north !< north lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	334	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_right !< right lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
	335	INTEGER(iwp) :: id_stg_south !< south lateral boundary core id in case of turbulence generator
[2938]	336	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz !< MPI type for full z range
	337	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_xz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	338	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz !< MPI type for full z range
	339	INTEGER(iwp) :: stg_type_yz_small !< MPI type for small z range
	340	INTEGER(iwp) :: merg !< maximum length scale (in gp)
	341	INTEGER(iwp) :: mergp !< merg + nbgp
[3038]	342	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_x_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
	343	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_x_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along x)
	344	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_y_stg !< lower bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
	345	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_y_stg !< upper bound of z coordinate (required for transposing z on PEs along y)
[2259]	346
[4022]	347	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: nr_non_topo_xz = 0 !< number of non-topography grid points at xz cross-sections,
	348	!< required for bias correction of imposed perturbations
	349	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: nr_non_topo_yz = 0 !< number of non-topography grid points at yz cross-sections,
	350	!< required for bias correction of imposed perturbations
	351
[3347]	352	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_xz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	353	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_xz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	354	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displs_yz !< displacement for MPI_GATHERV
	355	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: recv_count_yz !< receive count for MPI_GATHERV
	356	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nux !< length scale of u in x direction (in gp)
	357	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuy !< length scale of u in y direction (in gp)
	358	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nuz !< length scale of u in z direction (in gp)
	359	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvx !< length scale of v in x direction (in gp)
	360	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvy !< length scale of v in y direction (in gp)
	361	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nvz !< length scale of v in z direction (in gp)
	362	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwx !< length scale of w in x direction (in gp)
	363	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwy !< length scale of w in y direction (in gp)
	364	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: nwz !< length scale of w in z direction (in gp)
	365	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: seed !< seed of random number for rn-generator
[2259]	366
[4022]	367	REAL(wp) :: blend !< value to create gradually and smooth blending of Reynolds stress and length
	368	!< scales above the boundary layer
	369	REAL(wp) :: blend_coeff = -2.3_wp !< coefficient used to ensure that blending functions decreases to 1/10 after
	370	!< one length scale above ABL top
	371	REAL(wp) :: d_l !< blend_coeff/length_scale
	372	REAL(wp) :: length_scale !< length scale, default is 8 x minimum grid spacing
[3347]	373	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg_adjust = 300.0_wp !< time interval for adjusting turbulence statistics
	374	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg_call = 5.0_wp !< time interval for calling synthetic turbulence generator
	375	REAL(wp) :: scale_l !< scaling parameter used for turbulence parametrization - Obukhov length
	376	REAL(wp) :: scale_us !< scaling parameter used for turbulence parametrization - friction velocity
	377	REAL(wp) :: scale_wm !< scaling parameter used for turbulence parametrization - momentum scale
	378	REAL(wp) :: time_stg_adjust = 0.0_wp !< time counter for adjusting turbulence information
	379	REAL(wp) :: time_stg_call = 0.0_wp !< time counter for calling generator
	380
[4022]	381	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(3) :: mc_factor = 1.0_wp !< correction factor for the u,v,w-components to maintain original mass flux
[3347]	382
[4022]	383
[3347]	384	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r11 !< Reynolds parameter
	385	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r21 !< Reynolds parameter
	386	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r22 !< Reynolds parameter
	387	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r31 !< Reynolds parameter
	388	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r32 !< Reynolds parameter
	389	REAL(wp),DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r33 !< Reynolds parameter
	390
	391	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a11 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	392	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a21 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	393	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a22 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	394	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a31 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	395	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a32 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: a33 !< coefficient for Lund rotation
	397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tu !< Lagrangian time scale of u
	398	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tv !< Lagrangian time scale of v
	399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: tw !< Lagrangian time scale of w
[2259]	400
[3347]	401	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bux !< filter function for u in x direction
	402	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buy !< filter function for u in y direction
	403	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: buz !< filter function for u in z direction
	404	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvx !< filter function for v in x direction
	405	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvy !< filter function for v in y direction
	406	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bvz !< filter function for v in z direction
	407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwx !< filter function for w in y direction
	408	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwy !< filter function for w in y direction
	409	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: bwz !< filter function for w in z direction
	410	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane
	411	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_xz !< velocity seed for u at xz plane with new random number
	412	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fu_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane
	413	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fuo_yz !< velocity seed for u at yz plane with new random number
	414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane
	415	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_xz !< velocity seed for v at xz plane with new random number
	416	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fv_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane
	417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fvo_yz !< velocity seed for v at yz plane with new random number
	418	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane
	419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_xz !< velocity seed for w at xz plane with new random number
	420	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fw_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane
	421	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: fwo_yz !< velocity seed for w at yz plane with new random number
	422
	423	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: dist_xz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
	424	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: dist_yz !< imposed disturbances at north/south boundary
[2259]	425
	426	!
	427	!-- PALM interfaces:
[3347]	428	!-- Adjust time and lenght scales, Reynolds stress, and filter functions
	429	INTERFACE stg_adjust
	430	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_adjust
	431	END INTERFACE stg_adjust
	432	!
[2259]	433	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
	434	INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	435	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_check_parameters
	436	END INTERFACE stg_check_parameters
	437
	438	!
	439	!-- Calculate filter functions
	440	INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	441	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_filter_func
	442	END INTERFACE stg_filter_func
	443
	444	!
[2938]	445	!-- Generate velocity seeds at south and north domain boundary
	446	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	447	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_xz
	448	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_xz
	449	!
	450	!-- Generate velocity seeds at left and/or right domain boundary
[2259]	451	INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	452	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_generate_seed_yz
	453	END INTERFACE stg_generate_seed_yz
	454
	455	!
	456	!-- Output of information to the header file
	457	INTERFACE stg_header
	458	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_header
	459	END INTERFACE stg_header
	460
	461	!
	462	!-- Initialization actions
	463	INTERFACE stg_init
	464	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_init
	465	END INTERFACE stg_init
	466
	467	!
	468	!-- Main procedure of synth. turb. gen.
	469	INTERFACE stg_main
	470	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_main
	471	END INTERFACE stg_main
	472
	473	!
	474	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
	475	INTERFACE stg_parin
	476	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_parin
	477	END INTERFACE stg_parin
	478
	479	!
	480	!-- Reading of parameters for restart runs
[2894]	481	INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
	482	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_rrd_global
	483	END INTERFACE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	484
	485	!
	486	!-- Writing of binary output for restart runs
[2894]	487	INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
	488	MODULE PROCEDURE stg_wrd_global
	489	END INTERFACE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	490
	491	SAVE
	492
	493	PRIVATE
	494
	495	!
	496	!-- Public interfaces
[3347]	497	PUBLIC stg_adjust, stg_check_parameters, stg_header, stg_init, stg_main, &
	498	stg_parin, stg_rrd_global, stg_wrd_global
[2259]	499
	500	!
	501	!-- Public variables
[3347]	502	PUBLIC dt_stg_call, dt_stg_adjust, id_stg_left, id_stg_north, &
	503	id_stg_right, id_stg_south, parametrize_inflow_turbulence, &
	504	time_stg_adjust, time_stg_call, use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	505
	506
	507	CONTAINS
	508
	509
	510	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	511	! Description:
	512	! ------------
	513	!> Check parameters routine for synthetic turbulence generator
	514	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	515	SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	516
	517	IMPLICIT NONE
	518
[3182]	519	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. &
	520	nesting_offline ) THEN
[3376]	521	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator is required ' // &
	522	'if offline nesting is applied and PALM operates ' // &
	523	'in LES mode.'
	524	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0520', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
[2938]	525	ENDIF
	526
[3182]	527	IF ( .NOT. use_syn_turb_gen .AND. child_domain &
[2938]	528	.AND. rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
[3376]	529	message_string = 'Synthetic turbulence generator is required ' // &
[2938]	530	'when nesting is applied and parent operates in ' // &
	531	'RANS-mode but current child in LES mode.'
[3376]	532	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0524', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2938]	533	ENDIF
	534
[2776]	535	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	536
[3579]	537	IF ( child_domain .AND. .NOT. rans_mode .AND. &
	538	.NOT. rans_mode_parent ) THEN
	539	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
	540	'is not allowed in LES-LES nesting.'
	541	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0620', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	542
	543	ENDIF
	544
	545	IF ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode .AND. &
	546	rans_mode_parent ) THEN
	547	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
	548	'is not allowed in RANS-RANS nesting.'
	549	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0621', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	550
	551	ENDIF
	552
[3182]	553	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
	554
[2938]	555	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles' ) == 0 &
	556	.AND. INDEX( initializing_actions, 'read_restart_data' ) == 0 ) THEN
	557	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3579]	558	'requires %initializing_actions = ' // &
	559	'"set_constant_profiles" or "read_restart_data"' //&
	560	', if not offline nesting is applied.'
[2938]	561	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0015', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	562	ENDIF
	563
	564	IF ( bc_lr /= 'dirichlet/radiation' ) THEN
	565	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3347]	566	'requires &bc_lr = "dirichlet/radiation", ' // &
	567	'if not offline nesting is applied.'
[2938]	568	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0035', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	569	ENDIF
	570	IF ( bc_ns /= 'cyclic' ) THEN
	571	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[3579]	572	'requires &bc_ns = "cyclic", ' // &
[3347]	573	'if not offline nesting is applied.'
[2938]	574	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0037', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	575	ENDIF
	576
[2259]	577	ENDIF
	578
	579	IF ( turbulent_inflow ) THEN
	580	message_string = 'Using synthetic turbulence generator ' // &
[2938]	581	'in combination &with turbulent_inflow = .T. '// &
	582	'is not allowed'
[2259]	583	CALL message( 'stg_check_parameters', 'PA0039', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	584	ENDIF
	585
	586	ENDIF
	587
	588	END SUBROUTINE stg_check_parameters
	589
	590
	591	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	592	! Description:
	593	! ------------
	594	!> Header output for synthetic turbulence generator
	595	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	596	SUBROUTINE stg_header ( io )
	597
	598
	599	IMPLICIT NONE
	600
	601	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
	602
	603	!
	604	!-- Write synthetic turbulence generator Header
	605	WRITE( io, 1 )
[2776]	606	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) THEN
[2259]	607	WRITE( io, 2 )
	608	ELSE
	609	WRITE( io, 3 )
	610	ENDIF
[3347]	611
	612	IF ( parametrize_inflow_turbulence ) THEN
	613	WRITE( io, 4 ) dt_stg_adjust
	614	ELSE
	615	WRITE( io, 5 )
	616	ENDIF
[2259]	617
	618	1 FORMAT (//' Synthetic turbulence generator information:'/ &
	619	' ------------------------------------------'/)
[3347]	620	2 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator is switched on')
	621	3 FORMAT (' synthetic turbulence generator is switched off')
[3348]	622	4 FORMAT (' imposed turbulence statistics are parametrized and ajdusted to boundary-layer development each ', F8.2, ' s' )
[3347]	623	5 FORMAT (' imposed turbulence is read from file' )
[2259]	624
	625	END SUBROUTINE stg_header
	626
	627
	628	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	629	! Description:
	630	! ------------
	631	!> Initialization of the synthetic turbulence generator
	632	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	633	SUBROUTINE stg_init
	634
	635	IMPLICIT NONE
	636
[3347]	637	LOGICAL :: file_stg_exist = .FALSE. !< flag indicating whether parameter file for Reynolds stress and length scales exist
[2938]	638
[2669]	639	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	640	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: extent !< extent of new MPI type
	641	INTEGER(KIND=MPI_ADDRESS_KIND) :: tob=0 !< dummy variable
[2669]	642	#endif
[2259]	643
[2938]	644	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !> grid index in x-direction
[2259]	645	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !> loop index
	646	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index
	647	INTEGER(iwp) :: newtype !< dummy MPI type
	648	INTEGER(iwp) :: realsize !< size of REAL variables
	649	INTEGER(iwp) :: nseed !< dimension of random number seed
	650	INTEGER(iwp) :: startseed = 1234567890 !< start seed for random number generator
[4022]	651
	652	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: nr_non_topo_xz_l = 0 !< number of non-topography grid points at xz-cross-section on subdomain
	653	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: nr_non_topo_yz_l = 0 !< number of non-topography grid points at yz-cross-section on subdomain
[2259]	654	!
	655	!-- Dummy variables used for reading profiles
	656	REAL(wp) :: d1 !< u profile
	657	REAL(wp) :: d2 !< v profile
	658	REAL(wp) :: d3 !< w profile
	659	REAL(wp) :: d5 !< e profile
	660	REAL(wp) :: luy !< length scale for u in y direction
	661	REAL(wp) :: luz !< length scale for u in z direction
	662	REAL(wp) :: lvy !< length scale for v in y direction
	663	REAL(wp) :: lvz !< length scale for v in z direction
	664	REAL(wp) :: lwy !< length scale for w in y direction
	665	REAL(wp) :: lwz !< length scale for w in z direction
[3038]	666	REAL(wp) :: nnz !< increment used to determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x and y direction
[2259]	667	REAL(wp) :: zz !< height
	668
[2938]	669
[2259]	670	#if defined( __parallel )
	671	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	672	#endif
	673
[2669]	674	#if defined( __parallel )
[2259]	675	!
[2938]	676	!-- Determine processor decomposition of z-axis along x- and y-direction
	677	nnz = nz / pdims(1)
[2945]	678	nzb_x_stg = 1 + myidx * INT( nnz )
	679	nzt_x_stg = ( myidx + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
[2938]	680
[3038]	681	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(1) ) /= 0 .AND. myidx == id_stg_right ) &
[2945]	682	nzt_x_stg = nzt_x_stg + myidx * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
[2938]	683
[3182]	684	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	685	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	686	nnz = nz / pdims(2)
[2945]	687	nzb_y_stg = 1 + myidy * INT( nnz )
	688	nzt_y_stg = ( myidy + 1 ) * INT( nnz )
[2938]	689
[2945]	690	IF ( MOD( nz , pdims(2) ) /= 0 .AND. myidy == id_stg_north ) &
[3038]	691	nzt_y_stg = nzt_y_stg + myidy * ( nnz - INT( nnz ) )
[2938]	692	ENDIF
	693
	694	!
[2259]	695	!-- Define MPI type used in stg_generate_seed_yz to gather vertical splitted
	696	!-- velocity seeds
	697	CALL MPI_TYPE_SIZE( MPI_REAL, realsize, ierr )
	698	extent = 1 * realsize
[2938]	699	!
[3038]	700	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at yz
	701	!-- layer
[2938]	702	!-- stg_type_yz: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[2259]	703	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
	704	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	705	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz, ierr )
	706	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz, ierr )
	707	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	708
[2938]	709	! stg_type_yz_small: yz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
[2945]	710	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+2,nyng-nysg+1], &
[2259]	711	[1,nyng-nysg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	712	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	713	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_yz_small, ierr )
	714	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	715
	716	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
[2938]	717	ALLOCATE( recv_count_yz(pdims(1)), displs_yz(pdims(1)) )
[2259]	718
[2938]	719	recv_count_yz = nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg + 1
	720	recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) = recv_count_yz(pdims(1)) + 1
[2259]	721
	722	DO j = 1, pdims(1)
[2938]	723	displs_yz(j) = 0 + (nzt_x_stg-nzb_x_stg+1) * (j-1)
[2259]	724	ENDDO
[2938]	725	!
[3038]	726	!-- Set-up MPI datatyp to involve all cores for turbulence generation at xz
	727	!-- layer
[2938]	728	!-- stg_type_xz: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb:nzt+1
[3182]	729	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	730	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2945]	731	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt-nzb+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
[2938]	732	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	733	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz, ierr )
	734	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz, ierr )
	735	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	736
	737	! stg_type_yz_small: xz-slice with vertical bounds nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1
[2945]	738	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_SUBARRAY( 2, [nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+2,nxrg-nxlg+1], &
[2938]	739	[1,nxrg-nxlg+1], [0,0], MPI_ORDER_FORTRAN, MPI_REAL, newtype, ierr )
	740	CALL MPI_TYPE_CREATE_RESIZED( newtype, tob, extent, stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	741	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( stg_type_xz_small, ierr )
	742	CALL MPI_TYPE_FREE( newtype, ierr )
	743
	744	! receive count and displacement for MPI_GATHERV in stg_generate_seed_yz
	745	ALLOCATE( recv_count_xz(pdims(2)), displs_xz(pdims(2)) )
	746
	747	recv_count_xz = nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg + 1
	748	recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) = recv_count_xz(pdims(2)) + 1
	749
	750	DO j = 1, pdims(2)
	751	displs_xz(j) = 0 + (nzt_y_stg-nzb_y_stg+1) * (j-1)
	752	ENDDO
	753
	754	ENDIF
	755
[2669]	756	#endif
[2259]	757	!
	758	!-- Define seed of random number
	759	CALL RANDOM_SEED()
	760	CALL RANDOM_SEED( size=nseed )
	761	ALLOCATE( seed(1:nseed) )
	762	DO j = 1, nseed
	763	seed(j) = startseed + j
	764	ENDDO
	765	CALL RANDOM_SEED(put=seed)
[3347]	766	!
[4071]	767	!-- Allocate required arrays.
	768	!-- In case no offline nesting or self nesting is used, the arrary
	769	!-- mean_inflow profiles is required. Check if it is already allocated, else
	770	!-- allocate and initialize it appropriately. Note, in case turbulence and
	771	!-- inflow information is read from file, mean_inflow_profiles is already
	772	!-- allocated and initialized appropriately.
[3347]	773	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
[4071]	774	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( mean_inflow_profiles ) ) THEN
[3347]	775	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,1:num_mean_inflow_profiles) )
[4071]	776	mean_inflow_profiles = 0.0_wp
	777	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = u_init
	778	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = v_init
	779	!
	780	!-- Even though potential temperature and humidity are not perturbed,
	781	!-- they need to be initialized appropriately.
	782	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) &
	783	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = pt_init
	784	IF ( humidity ) &
	785	mean_inflow_profiles(:,6) = q_init
	786	ENDIF
[3347]	787	ENDIF
[2259]	788
[3347]	789	ALLOCATE ( a11(nzb:nzt+1), a21(nzb:nzt+1), a22(nzb:nzt+1), &
	790	a31(nzb:nzt+1), a32(nzb:nzt+1), a33(nzb:nzt+1), &
	791	nux(nzb:nzt+1), nuy(nzb:nzt+1), nuz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	792	nvx(nzb:nzt+1), nvy(nzb:nzt+1), nvz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	793	nwx(nzb:nzt+1), nwy(nzb:nzt+1), nwz(nzb:nzt+1), &
	794	r11(nzb:nzt+1), r21(nzb:nzt+1), r22(nzb:nzt+1), &
	795	r31(nzb:nzt+1), r32(nzb:nzt+1), r33(nzb:nzt+1), &
	796	tu(nzb:nzt+1), tv(nzb:nzt+1), tw(nzb:nzt+1) )
	797
	798	ALLOCATE ( dist_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg,3) )
	799	ALLOCATE ( dist_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,3) )
	800	dist_xz = 0.0_wp
	801	dist_yz = 0.0_wp
	802	!
[2259]	803	!-- Read inflow profile
	804	!-- Height levels of profiles in input profile is as follows:
	805	!-- zu: luy, luz, tu, lvy, lvz, tv, r11, r21, r22, d1, d2, d5
	806	!-- zw: lwy, lwz, tw, r31, r32, r33, d3
	807	!-- WARNING: zz is not used at the moment
[2938]	808	INQUIRE( FILE = 'STG_PROFILES' // TRIM( coupling_char ), &
	809	EXIST = file_stg_exist )
[2259]	810
[2938]	811	IF ( file_stg_exist ) THEN
[2259]	812
[2938]	813	OPEN( 90, FILE='STG_PROFILES'//TRIM( coupling_char ), STATUS='OLD', &
	814	FORM='FORMATTED')
	815	!
	816	!-- Skip header
	817	READ( 90, * )
[2259]	818
[3182]	819	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
[2938]	820	READ( 90, * ) zz, luy, luz, tu(k), lvy, lvz, tv(k), lwy, lwz, tw(k), &
	821	r11(k), r21(k), r22(k), r31(k), r32(k), r33(k), &
	822	d1, d2, d3, d5
	823
[2259]	824	!
[3182]	825	!-- Convert length scales from meter to number of grid points.
[2938]	826	nuy(k) = INT( luy * ddy )
[3182]	827	nuz(k) = INT( luz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	828	nvy(k) = INT( lvy * ddy )
[3182]	829	nvz(k) = INT( lvz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	830	nwy(k) = INT( lwy * ddy )
[3182]	831	nwz(k) = INT( lwz * ddzw(k) )
[2938]	832	!
	833	!-- Workaround, assume isotropic turbulence
	834	nwx(k) = nwy(k)
	835	nvx(k) = nvy(k)
	836	nux(k) = nuy(k)
	837	!
	838	!-- Save Mean inflow profiles
	839	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
	840	mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) = d1
	841	mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) = d2
	842	! mean_inflow_profiles(k,4) = d4
	843	mean_inflow_profiles(k,5) = d5
	844	ENDIF
	845	ENDDO
[3182]	846	!
	847	!-- Set lenght scales at surface grid point
	848	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	849	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	850	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	851	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	852	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	853	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	854
[2938]	855	CLOSE( 90 )
[3347]	856	!
	857	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor
	858	!-- (Lund rotation)
	859	CALL calc_coeff_matrix
	860	!
	861	!-- No information about turbulence and its length scales are available.
	862	!-- Instead, parametrize turbulence which is imposed at the boundaries.
	863	!-- Set flag which indicates that turbulence is parametrized, which is done
	864	!-- later when energy-balance models are already initialized. This is
	865	!-- because the STG needs information about surface properties such as
	866	!-- roughness to build 'realistic' turbulence profiles.
[2938]	867	ELSE
[2259]	868	!
[4022]	869	!-- Define length scale for the imposed turbulence, which is defined as
	870	!-- 8 times the minimum grid spacing
	871	length_scale = 8.0_wp * MIN( dx, dy, MINVAL( dzw ) )
	872	!
	873	!-- Define constant to gradually decrease length scales and Reynolds stress
	874	!-- above ABL top. Assure that no zero length scales are used.
	875	d_l = blend_coeff / MAX( length_scale, dx, dy, MINVAL( dzw ) )
	876	!
[3347]	877	!-- Set flag indicating that turbulence is parametrized
	878	parametrize_inflow_turbulence = .TRUE.
	879	!
[4022]	880	!-- In case of dirichlet inflow boundary conditions only at one lateral
	881	!-- boundary, i.e. in the case no offline or self nesting is applied but
	882	!-- synthetic turbulence shall be parametrized nevertheless, the
	883	!-- boundary-layer depth need to determined first.
	884	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) &
	885	CALL nesting_offl_calc_zi
	886	!
[3347]	887	!-- Determine boundary-layer depth, which is used to initialize lenght
	888	!-- scales
	889	CALL calc_scaling_variables
	890	!
	891	!-- Initialize lenght and time scales, which in turn are used
	892	!-- to initialize the filter functions.
	893	CALL calc_length_and_time_scale
[3891]	894	!
	895	!-- Parametrize Reynolds-stress tensor, diagonal elements as well
	896	!-- as r21 (v'u'), r31 (w'u'), r32 (w'v'). Parametrization follows
	897	!-- Rotach et al. (1996) and is based on boundary-layer depth,
	898	!-- friction velocity and velocity scale.
	899	CALL parametrize_reynolds_stress
	900	!
	901	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor
	902	!-- (Lund rotation)
	903	CALL calc_coeff_matrix
[3347]	904
[2938]	905	ENDIF
	906
[2259]	907	!
[3347]	908	!-- Assign initial profiles. Note, this is only required if turbulent
	909	!-- inflow from the left is desired, not in case of any of the
	910	!-- nesting (offline or self nesting) approaches.
[3182]	911	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
[2938]	912	u_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,1)
	913	v_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,2)
	914	!pt_init = mean_inflow_profiles(:,4)
	915	e_init = MAXVAL( mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) )
	916	ENDIF
[3347]	917
[2938]	918	!
[2259]	919	!-- Define the size of the filter functions and allocate them.
	920	merg = 0
	921
	922	! arrays must be large enough to cover the largest length scale
	923	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
[2938]	924	j = MAX( ABS(nux(k)), ABS(nuy(k)), ABS(nuz(k)), &
	925	ABS(nvx(k)), ABS(nvy(k)), ABS(nvz(k)), &
	926	ABS(nwx(k)), ABS(nwy(k)), ABS(nwz(k)) )
[2259]	927	IF ( j > merg ) merg = j
	928	ENDDO
	929
	930	merg = 2 * merg
	931	mergp = merg + nbgp
	932
[2938]	933	ALLOCATE ( bux(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	934	buy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	935	buz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	936	bvx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	937	bvy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	938	bvz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	939	bwx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	940	bwy(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1), &
	941	bwz(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) )
[2259]	942
	943	!
[2938]	944	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at xz-layer
	945	ALLOCATE ( fu_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fuo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	946	fv_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fvo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
	947	fw_xz( nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), fwo_xz(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
[2259]	948
[2938]	949	!
	950	!-- Allocate velocity seeds for turbulence at yz-layer
	951	ALLOCATE ( fu_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fuo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	952	fv_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fvo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
	953	fw_yz( nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), fwo_yz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
[2259]	954
[2938]	955	fu_xz = 0.0_wp
	956	fuo_xz = 0.0_wp
	957	fv_xz = 0.0_wp
	958	fvo_xz = 0.0_wp
	959	fw_xz = 0.0_wp
	960	fwo_xz = 0.0_wp
	961
	962	fu_yz = 0.0_wp
	963	fuo_yz = 0.0_wp
	964	fv_yz = 0.0_wp
	965	fvo_yz = 0.0_wp
	966	fw_yz = 0.0_wp
	967	fwo_yz = 0.0_wp
	968
[2259]	969	!
	970	!-- Create filter functions
[2938]	971	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
[2259]	972	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
	973	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
[2938]	974	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
[2259]	975	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
	976	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
[2938]	977	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
[2259]	978	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
	979	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
	980
	981	#if defined( __parallel )
	982	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	983	#endif
	984
	985	!
[2938]	986	!-- In case of restart, calculate velocity seeds fu, fv, fw from former
	987	! time step.
	988	! Bug: fu, fv, fw are different in those heights where a11, a22, a33
	989	! are 0 compared to the prerun. This is mostly for k=nzt+1.
[2259]	990	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
[2938]	991	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	992
	993	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = -1
	994	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	995
[2259]	996	DO j = nysg, nyng
	997	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	998	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[4022]	999	fu_yz(k,j) = ( u(k,j,i) - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
[2259]	1000	ELSE
[2938]	1001	fu_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	1002	ENDIF
	1003
	1004	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[4022]	1005	fv_yz(k,j) = ( v(k,j,i) - &
	1006	a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
[2259]	1007	ELSE
[2938]	1008	fv_yz(k,j) = 0._wp
[2259]	1009	ENDIF
	1010
	1011	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[4022]	1012	fw_yz(k,j) = ( w(k,j,i) - &
	1013	a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) - a32(k) * &
	1014	fv_yz(k,j) ) / a33(k)
[2259]	1015	ELSE
[2938]	1016	fw_yz = 0._wp
[2259]	1017	ENDIF
	1018
	1019	ENDDO
	1020	ENDDO
	1021	ENDIF
[3900]	1022
	1023	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south .OR. myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
	1024
	1025	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = -1
	1026	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1027
	1028	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1029	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1030
	1031	IF ( a11(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[4022]	1032	fu_xz(k,i) = ( u(k,j,i) - u_init(k) ) / a11(k)
[3900]	1033	ELSE
	1034	fu_xz(k,i) = 0._wp
	1035	ENDIF
	1036
	1037	IF ( a22(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[4022]	1038	fv_xz(k,i) = ( v(k,j,i) - &
	1039	a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) - v_init(k) ) / a22(k)
[3900]	1040	ELSE
	1041	fv_xz(k,i) = 0._wp
	1042	ENDIF
	1043
	1044	IF ( a33(k) .NE. 0._wp ) THEN
[4022]	1045	fw_xz(k,i) = ( w(k,j,i) - &
	1046	a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) - &
	1047	a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) ) / a33(k)
[3900]	1048	ELSE
	1049	fw_xz = 0._wp
	1050	ENDIF
	1051
	1052	ENDDO
	1053	ENDDO
	1054	ENDIF
[2259]	1055	ENDIF
[4022]	1056	!
	1057	!-- Count the number of non-topography grid points at the boundaries where
	1058	!-- perturbations are imposed. This number is later used for bias corrections
	1059	!-- of the perturbations, i.e. to force that their mean is zero. Please note,
	1060	!-- due to the asymetry of u and v along x and y direction, respectively,
	1061	!-- different cases must be distinguished.
	1062	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
	1063	!
	1064	!-- Number of grid points where perturbations are imposed on u
	1065	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1066	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1067
	1068	nr_non_topo_yz_l(1) = SUM( &
	1069	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	1070	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,i), 1 ) ) )
	1071	!
	1072	!-- Number of grid points where perturbations are imposed on v and w
	1073	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl-1
	1074	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1075
	1076	nr_non_topo_yz_l(2) = SUM( &
	1077	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	1078	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nysv:nyn,i), 2 ) ) )
	1079	nr_non_topo_yz_l(3) = SUM( &
	1080	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	1081	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,i), 3 ) ) )
	1082
	1083	#if defined( __parallel )
	1084	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( nr_non_topo_yz_l, nr_non_topo_yz, 3, MPI_INTEGER, &
	1085	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1086	#else
	1087	nr_non_topo_yz = nr_non_topo_yz_l
	1088	#endif
	1089	ENDIF
	1090
	1091	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south .OR. myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
	1092	!
	1093	!-- Number of grid points where perturbations are imposed on v
	1094	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1095	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1096
	1097	nr_non_topo_xz_l(2) = SUM( &
	1098	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	1099	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,j,nxl:nxr), 2 ) ) )
	1100	!
	1101	!-- Number of grid points where perturbations are imposed on u and w
	1102	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys-1
	1103	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1104
	1105	nr_non_topo_xz_l(1) = SUM( &
	1106	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	1107	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,j,nxlu:nxr), 1 ) ) )
	1108	nr_non_topo_xz_l(3) = SUM( &
	1109	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	1110	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,j,nxl:nxr), 3 ) ) )
	1111
	1112	#if defined( __parallel )
	1113	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( nr_non_topo_xz_l, nr_non_topo_xz, 3, MPI_INTEGER, &
	1114	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
	1115	#else
	1116	nr_non_topo_xz = nr_non_topo_xz_l
	1117	#endif
	1118	ENDIF
[2259]	1119
[4022]	1120
[2259]	1121	END SUBROUTINE stg_init
	1122
	1123
	1124	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1125	! Description:
	1126	! ------------
	1127	!> Calculate filter function bxx from length scale nxx following Eg.9 and 10
	1128	!> (Xie and Castro, 2008)
	1129	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1130	SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func( nxx, bxx )
	1131
	1132
	1133	IMPLICIT NONE
	1134
	1135	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index
	1136	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k !< length scale nXX in height k
	1137	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_k2 !< n_k * 2
	1138	INTEGER(iwp) :: nf !< index for length scales
	1139
	1140	REAL(wp) :: bdenom !< denominator for filter functions bXX
	1141	REAL(wp) :: qsi = 1.0_wp !< minimization factor
	1142
	1143	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:) :: nxx(nzb:nzt+1) !< length scale (in gp)
	1144
	1145	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:) :: bxx(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) !< filter function
	1146
	1147
	1148	bxx = 0.0_wp
	1149
	1150	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1151	bdenom = 0.0_wp
	1152	n_k = nxx(k)
	1153	IF ( n_k /= 0 ) THEN
	1154	n_k2 = n_k * 2
	1155
	1156	!
	1157	!-- ( Eq.10 )^2
	1158	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	1159	bdenom = bdenom + EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k )**2
	1160	ENDDO
	1161
	1162	!
	1163	!-- ( Eq.9 )
	1164	bdenom = SQRT( bdenom )
	1165	DO nf = -n_k2, n_k2
	1166	bxx(nf,k) = EXP( -qsi * pi * ABS(nf) / n_k ) / bdenom
	1167	ENDDO
	1168	ENDIF
	1169	ENDDO
	1170
[3347]	1171	END SUBROUTINE stg_filter_func
[2259]	1172
	1173
	1174	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1175	! Description:
	1176	! ------------
	1177	!> Parin for &stg_par for synthetic turbulence generator
	1178	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1179	SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	1180
	1181
	1182	IMPLICIT NONE
	1183
	1184	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
	1185
	1186
[3347]	1187	NAMELIST /stg_par/ dt_stg_adjust, dt_stg_call, use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1188
	1189	line = ' '
	1190
	1191	!
	1192	!-- Try to find stg package
	1193	REWIND ( 11 )
	1194	line = ' '
	1195	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&stg_par' ) == 0 )
[3246]	1196	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=20 ) line
[2259]	1197	ENDDO
	1198	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
	1199
	1200	!
	1201	!-- Read namelist
[3246]	1202	READ ( 11, stg_par, ERR = 10, END = 20 )
[2259]	1203
	1204	!
	1205	!-- Set flag that indicates that the synthetic turbulence generator is switched
	1206	!-- on
[2776]	1207	syn_turb_gen = .TRUE.
[3246]	1208	GOTO 20
[2259]	1209
[3246]	1210	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
[3248]	1211	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
	1212	CALL parin_fail_message( 'stg_par', line )
[2563]	1213
[3246]	1214	20 CONTINUE
[2259]	1215
	1216	END SUBROUTINE stg_parin
	1217
	1218
	1219	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1220	! Description:
	1221	! ------------
[2894]	1222	!> This routine reads the respective restart data.
[2576]	1223	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	1224	SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global( found )
[2576]	1225
	1226
[2894]	1227	IMPLICIT NONE
[2576]	1228
[3044]	1229	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !< flag indicating if variable was found
[2259]	1230
	1231
[2894]	1232	found = .TRUE.
[2259]	1233
[3038]	1234
[2894]	1235	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
[4022]	1236
	1237	CASE ( 'time_stg_adjust' )
	1238	READ ( 13 ) time_stg_adjust
	1239
	1240	CASE ( 'time_stg_call' )
	1241	READ ( 13 ) time_stg_call
	1242
[2894]	1243	CASE ( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	1244	READ ( 13 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1245
[2894]	1246	CASE DEFAULT
[2259]	1247
[3038]	1248	found = .FALSE.
[2259]	1249
[2894]	1250	END SELECT
[2259]	1251
	1252
[2894]	1253	END SUBROUTINE stg_rrd_global
[2259]	1254
	1255
	1256	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1257	! Description:
	1258	! ------------
	1259	!> This routine writes the respective restart data.
	1260	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2894]	1261	SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	1262
	1263
	1264	IMPLICIT NONE
[4022]	1265
	1266	CALL wrd_write_string( 'time_stg_adjust' )
	1267	WRITE ( 14 ) time_stg_adjust
	1268
	1269	CALL wrd_write_string( 'time_stg_call' )
	1270	WRITE ( 14 ) time_stg_call
[2259]	1271
[2894]	1272	CALL wrd_write_string( 'use_syn_turb_gen' )
	1273	WRITE ( 14 ) use_syn_turb_gen
[2259]	1274
	1275
[2894]	1276	END SUBROUTINE stg_wrd_global
[2259]	1277
[2894]	1278
[2259]	1279	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1280	! Description:
	1281	! ------------
	1282	!> Create turbulent inflow fields for u, v, w with prescribed length scales and
	1283	!> Reynolds stress tensor after a method of Xie and Castro (2008), modified
	1284	!> following suggestions of Kim et al. (2013), and using a Lund rotation
	1285	!> (Lund, 1998).
	1286	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1287	SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1288
	1289	IMPLICIT NONE
	1290
[2938]	1291	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
[2259]	1292	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1293	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
[4022]	1294
	1295	LOGICAL :: stg_call = .FALSE. !< control flag indicating whether turbulence was updated or only restored from last call
[2259]	1296
	1297	REAL(wp) :: dt_stg !< wheighted subtimestep
[4022]	1298
	1299	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(3) :: mc_factor_l !< local mass flux correction factor
[2259]	1300
[3987]	1301	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'stg_main', 'start' )
[2259]	1302	!
	1303	!-- Calculate time step which is needed for filter functions
[3775]	1304	dt_stg = MAX( dt_3d, dt_stg_call )
[2259]	1305	!
[4022]	1306	!-- Check if synthetic turbulence generator needs to be called and new
	1307	!-- perturbations need to be created or if old disturbances can be imposed
	1308	!-- again.
	1309	IF ( time_stg_call >= dt_stg_call .AND. &
	1310	intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
	1311	stg_call = .TRUE.
	1312	ELSE
	1313	stg_call = .FALSE.
	1314	ENDIF
	1315	!
[2259]	1316	!-- Initial value of fu, fv, fw
[3646]	1317	IF ( time_since_reference_point == 0.0_wp .AND. .NOT. velocity_seed_initialized ) THEN
[2938]	1318	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_left )
	1319	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_left )
	1320	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_left )
	1321
[3182]	1322	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	1323	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
[2938]	1324	!
	1325	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1326	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fu_yz, id_stg_right )
	1327	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fv_yz, id_stg_right )
	1328	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fw_yz, id_stg_right )
	1329	!
	1330	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1331	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_north )
	1332	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_north )
	1333	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_north )
	1334	!
	1335	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1336	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fu_xz, id_stg_south )
	1337	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fv_xz, id_stg_south )
	1338	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fw_xz, id_stg_south )
	1339	ENDIF
[2259]	1340	velocity_seed_initialized = .TRUE.
	1341	ENDIF
[3347]	1342
[2259]	1343	!
	1344	!-- New set of fu, fv, fw
[4022]	1345	IF ( stg_call ) THEN
	1346	!
	1347	!-- Generate turbulence at left boundary (required in all applications,
	1348	!-- i.e. offline nesting and turbulent inflow from the left)
	1349	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1350	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1351	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_left )
	1352
	1353	IF ( nesting_offline .OR. ( child_domain .AND. rans_mode_parent &
	1354	.AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) ) THEN
	1355	!
	1356	!-- Generate turbulence at right boundary
	1357	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nuy, nuz, buy, buz, fuo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1358	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nvy, nvz, bvy, bvz, fvo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1359	CALL stg_generate_seed_yz( nwy, nwz, bwy, bwz, fwo_yz, id_stg_right )
	1360	!
	1361	!-- Generate turbulence at north boundary
	1362	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1363	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1364	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_north )
	1365	!
	1366	!-- Generate turbulence at south boundary
	1367	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nux, nuz, bux, buz, fuo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1368	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nvx, nvz, bvx, bvz, fvo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1369	CALL stg_generate_seed_xz( nwx, nwz, bwx, bwz, fwo_xz, id_stg_south )
	1370	ENDIF
[2938]	1371	ENDIF
[3347]	1372
[2938]	1373	!
	1374	!-- Turbulence generation at left and or right boundary
	1375	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left .OR. myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
[2259]	1376	!
[4022]	1377	!-- Calculate new set of perturbations. Do this only at last RK3-substep and
	1378	!-- when dt_stg_call is exceeded. Else the old set of perturbations is
	1379	!-- imposed
	1380	IF ( stg_call ) THEN
	1381
	1382	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1383	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1384	!
	1385	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1386	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1387	fu_yz(k,j) = fuo_yz(k,j)
	1388	ELSE
	1389	fu_yz(k,j) = fu_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1390	fuo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
	1391	ENDIF
	1392
	1393	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1394	fv_yz(k,j) = fvo_yz(k,j)
	1395	ELSE
	1396	fv_yz(k,j) = fv_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1397	fvo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
	1398	ENDIF
	1399
	1400	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1401	fw_yz(k,j) = fwo_yz(k,j)
	1402	ELSE
	1403	fw_yz(k,j) = fw_yz(k,j) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1404	fwo_yz(k,j) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
	1405	ENDIF
	1406	ENDDO
	1407	ENDDO
	1408
	1409	dist_yz(nzb,:,1) = 0.0_wp
	1410	dist_yz(nzb,:,2) = 0.0_wp
	1411	dist_yz(nzb,:,3) = 0.0_wp
	1412
	1413	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1414	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1415	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1416	DO k = nzb+1, nzt + 1
	1417	!
	1418	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1419	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1420	dist_yz(k,j,1) = MIN( a11(k) * fu_yz(k,j), 3.0_wp ) * &
	1421	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1422	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1423	ENDDO
	1424	ENDDO
	1425
	1426	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl-1
	1427	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1428	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1429	DO k = nzb+1, nzt + 1
	1430	!
	1431	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1432	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1433	!-- experimental test of 1.2
[3347]	1434	dist_yz(k,j,2) = MIN( ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
	1435	* 1.2_wp ) &
	1436	* ( a21(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
[4022]	1437	+ a22(k) * fv_yz(k,j) ), 3.0_wp ) * &
	1438	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1439	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
[3347]	1440	dist_yz(k,j,3) = MIN( ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
	1441	* 1.3_wp ) &
	1442	* ( a31(k) * fu_yz(k,j) &
	1443	+ a32(k) * fv_yz(k,j) &
[4022]	1444	+ a33(k) * fw_yz(k,j) ), 3.0_wp ) * &
	1445	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1446	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
	1447	ENDDO
[2259]	1448	ENDDO
[4022]	1449	ENDIF
[2259]	1450
	1451	!
	1452	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1453	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
[4022]	1454	!-- inflow boundary. First, calculate mean value of the imposed
	1455	!-- perturbations at yz boundary.
	1456	!-- Note, this needs to be done only after the last RK3-substep, else
	1457	!-- the boundary values won't be accessed.
	1458	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
	1459	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1460	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1461	!
	1462	!-- Sum up the original volume flows (with and without perturbations).
	1463	!-- Note, for non-normal components (here v and w) it is actually no
	1464	!-- volume flow.
[2938]	1465	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1466	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
[4022]	1467
	1468	mc_factor_l(1) = SUM( dist_yz(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,1) &
	1469	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1470	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,i), 1 ) ) )
	1471
	1472	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl-1
	1473	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1474
	1475	mc_factor_l(2) = SUM( dist_yz(nzb:nzt,nysv:nyn,2) &
	1476	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1477	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nysv:nyn,i), 2 ) ) )
	1478	mc_factor_l(3) = SUM( dist_yz(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,3) &
	1479	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1480	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,i), 3 ) ) )
	1481
[2938]	1482	#if defined( __parallel )
	1483	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
[4022]	1484	3, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
	1485	#else
	1486	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
[2938]	1487	#endif
[4022]	1488	!
	1489	!-- Calculate correction factor and force zero mean perturbations.
	1490	mc_factor = mc_factor / REAL( nr_non_topo_yz, KIND = wp )
	1491
	1492	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl
	1493	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1494
	1495	dist_yz(:,:,1) = ( dist_yz(:,:,1) - mc_factor(1) ) &
	1496	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1497	BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,:,i), 1 ) )
	1498
	1499
	1500	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) i = nxl-1
	1501	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) i = nxr+1
	1502
	1503	dist_yz(:,:,2) = ( dist_yz(:,:,2) - mc_factor(2) ) &
	1504	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1505	BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,:,i), 2 ) )
	1506
	1507	dist_yz(:,:,3) = ( dist_yz(:,:,3) - mc_factor(3) ) &
	1508	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1509	BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,:,i), 3 ) )
	1510	!
[2938]	1511	!-- Add disturbances
	1512	IF ( myidx == id_stg_left ) THEN
[4022]	1513	!
	1514	!-- For the left boundary distinguish between mesoscale offline / self
	1515	!-- nesting and turbulent inflow at the left boundary only. In the latter
	1516	!-- case turbulence is imposed on the mean inflow profiles.
	1517	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
	1518	!
	1519	!-- Add disturbance at the inflow
	1520	DO j = nysg, nyng
	1521	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1522	u(k,j,-nbgp+1:0) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,1) + &
	1523	dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1524	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1525	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,0), 1 ) )
	1526	v(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = ( mean_inflow_profiles(k,2) + &
	1527	dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
	1528	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1529	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 2 ) )
	1530	w(k,j,-nbgp:-1) = dist_yz(k,j,3) &
	1531	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[3186]	1532	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 3 ) )
[4022]	1533	ENDDO
[2938]	1534	ENDDO
[4022]	1535	ELSE
	1536
	1537	DO j = nys, nyn
	1538	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1539	u(k,j,0) = ( u(k,j,0) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
	1540	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1541	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,0), 1 ) )
	1542	u(k,j,-1) = u(k,j,0)
	1543	v(k,j,-1) = ( v(k,j,-1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
	1544	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1545	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 2 ) )
	1546	w(k,j,-1) = ( w(k,j,-1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
	1547	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1548	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,-1), 3 ) )
	1549	ENDDO
	1550	ENDDO
	1551	ENDIF
[2938]	1552	ENDIF
	1553	IF ( myidx == id_stg_right ) THEN
[3186]	1554	DO j = nys, nyn
[3347]	1555	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
[3186]	1556	u(k,j,nxr+1) = ( u(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,1) ) &
[4022]	1557	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1558	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 1 ) )
[3186]	1559	v(k,j,nxr+1) = ( v(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,2) ) &
[4022]	1560	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1561	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 2 ) )
[3186]	1562	w(k,j,nxr+1) = ( w(k,j,nxr+1) + dist_yz(k,j,3) ) &
[4022]	1563	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1564	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr+1), 3 ) )
[2938]	1565	ENDDO
	1566	ENDDO
	1567	ENDIF
	1568	ENDIF
	1569	ENDIF
	1570	!
	1571	!-- Turbulence generation at north and south boundary
	1572	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north .OR. myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1573	!
[4022]	1574	!-- Calculate new set of perturbations. Do this only at last RK3-substep and
	1575	!-- when dt_stg_call is exceeded. Else the old set of perturbations is
	1576	!-- imposed
	1577	IF ( stg_call ) THEN
	1578	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1579	DO k = nzb, nzt + 1
	1580	!
	1581	!-- Update fu, fv, fw following Eq. 14 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1582	IF ( tu(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1583	fu_xz(k,i) = fuo_xz(k,i)
	1584	ELSE
	1585	fu_xz(k,i) = fu_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tu(k) ) + &
	1586	fuo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tu(k) ) )
	1587	ENDIF
	1588
	1589	IF ( tv(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1590	fv_xz(k,i) = fvo_xz(k,i)
	1591	ELSE
	1592	fv_xz(k,i) = fv_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tv(k) ) + &
	1593	fvo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tv(k) ) )
	1594	ENDIF
	1595
	1596	IF ( tw(k) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
	1597	fw_xz(k,i) = fwo_xz(k,i)
	1598	ELSE
	1599	fw_xz(k,i) = fw_xz(k,i) * EXP( -pi * dt_stg * 0.5_wp / tw(k) ) + &
	1600	fwo_xz(k,i) * SQRT( 1.0_wp - EXP( -pi * dt_stg / tw(k) ) )
	1601	ENDIF
	1602	ENDDO
	1603	ENDDO
	1604
	1605
	1606	dist_xz(nzb,:,1) = 0.0_wp
	1607	dist_xz(nzb,:,2) = 0.0_wp
	1608	dist_xz(nzb,:,3) = 0.0_wp
	1609
	1610	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1611	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1612	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1613	DO k = nzb+1, nzt + 1
	1614	!
	1615	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1616	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1617	!experimental test of 1.2
[3347]	1618	dist_xz(k,i,2) = MIN( ( SQRT( a22(k) / MAXVAL(a22) ) &
	1619	* 1.2_wp ) &
	1620	* ( a21(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
[4022]	1621	+ a22(k) * fv_xz(k,i) ), 3.0_wp ) * &
	1622	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1623	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
	1624	ENDDO
	1625	ENDDO
	1626
	1627	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys-1
	1628	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1629	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1630	DO k = nzb+1, nzt + 1
	1631	!
	1632	!-- Lund rotation following Eq. 17 in Xie and Castro (2008).
	1633	!-- Additional factors are added to improve the variance of v and w
	1634	dist_xz(k,i,1) = MIN( a11(k) * fu_xz(k,i), 3.0_wp ) * &
	1635	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1636	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
	1637
[3347]	1638	dist_xz(k,i,3) = MIN( ( SQRT(a33(k) / MAXVAL(a33) ) &
	1639	* 1.3_wp ) &
	1640	* ( a31(k) * fu_xz(k,i) &
	1641	+ a32(k) * fv_xz(k,i) &
[4022]	1642	+ a33(k) * fw_xz(k,i) ), 3.0_wp ) * &
	1643	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1644	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
	1645	ENDDO
[2938]	1646	ENDDO
[4022]	1647	ENDIF
[3347]	1648
[2938]	1649	!
	1650	!-- Mass flux correction following Kim et al. (2013)
	1651	!-- This correction factor insures that the mass flux is preserved at the
[4022]	1652	!-- inflow boundary. First, calculate mean value of the imposed
	1653	!-- perturbations at yz boundary.
	1654	!-- Note, this needs to be done only after the last RK3-substep, else
	1655	!-- the boundary values won't be accessed.
	1656	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
	1657	mc_factor_l = 0.0_wp
	1658	mc_factor = 0.0_wp
	1659
	1660	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1661	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1662
	1663	mc_factor_l(2) = SUM( dist_xz(nzb:nzt,nxl:nxr,2) &
	1664	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1665	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,j,nxl:nxr), 2 ) ) )
	1666
	1667	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys-1
	1668	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1669
	1670	mc_factor_l(1) = SUM( dist_xz(nzb:nzt,nxlu:nxr,1) &
	1671	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1672	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,j,nxlu:nxr), 1 ) ) )
	1673	mc_factor_l(3) = SUM( dist_xz(nzb:nzt,nxl:nxr,3) &
	1674	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1675	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,j,nxl:nxr), 3 ) ) )
	1676
[2938]	1677	#if defined( __parallel )
[4022]	1678	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mc_factor_l, mc_factor, &
	1679	3, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
	1680	#else
	1681	mc_factor = mc_factor_l
[2938]	1682	#endif
[4022]	1683
	1684	mc_factor = mc_factor / REAL( nr_non_topo_xz, KIND = wp )
	1685
	1686	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys
	1687	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1688
	1689	dist_xz(:,:,2) = ( dist_xz(:,:,2) - mc_factor(2) ) &
	1690	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1691	BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,:), 2 ) )
	1692
	1693
	1694	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) j = nys-1
	1695	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) j = nyn+1
	1696
	1697	dist_xz(:,:,1) = ( dist_xz(:,:,1) - mc_factor(1) ) &
	1698	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1699	BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,:), 1 ) )
	1700
	1701	dist_xz(:,:,3) = ( dist_xz(:,:,3) - mc_factor(3) ) &
	1702	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1703	BTEST( wall_flags_0(:,j,:), 3 ) )
	1704	!
	1705	!-- Add disturbances
	1706	IF ( myidy == id_stg_south ) THEN
	1707	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1708	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1709	u(k,-1,i) = ( u(k,-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1710	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1711	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,-1,i), 1 ) )
	1712	v(k,0,i) = ( v(k,0,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1713	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1714	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,0,i), 2 ) )
	1715	v(k,-1,i) = v(k,0,i)
	1716	w(k,-1,i) = ( w(k,-1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
	1717	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1718	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,-1,i), 3 ) )
	1719	ENDDO
[2938]	1720	ENDDO
[4022]	1721	ENDIF
	1722	IF ( myidy == id_stg_north ) THEN
	1723
	1724	DO i = nxl, nxr
	1725	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
	1726	u(k,nyn+1,i) = ( u(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,1) ) &
	1727	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1728	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 1 ) )
	1729	v(k,nyn+1,i) = ( v(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,2) ) &
	1730	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1731	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 2 ) )
	1732	w(k,nyn+1,i) = ( w(k,nyn+1,i) + dist_xz(k,i,3) ) &
	1733	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	1734	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn+1,i), 3 ) )
	1735	ENDDO
[2938]	1736	ENDDO
[4022]	1737	ENDIF
[2938]	1738	ENDIF
[2259]	1739	ENDIF
[3347]	1740	!
	1741	!-- Finally, set time counter for calling STG to zero
[4022]	1742	IF ( stg_call ) time_stg_call = 0.0_wp
[2259]	1743
[3987]	1744	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'stg_main', 'end' )
	1745
[2259]	1746	END SUBROUTINE stg_main
	1747
	1748	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1749	! Description:
	1750	! ------------
	1751	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1752	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1753	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in x-direction and
	1754	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1755	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1756	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2938]	1757	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz( n_y, n_z, b_y, b_z, f_n, id )
[2259]	1758
	1759	IMPLICIT NONE
	1760
[2938]	1761	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
[2259]	1762	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	1763	INTEGER(iwp) :: jj !< loop index in y-direction
	1764	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1765	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1766	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1767
	1768	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y !< length scale in y-direction
	1769	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
	1770	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_y2 !< n_y*2
	1771	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1772
	1773	REAL(wp) :: nyz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in yz-slice
	1774	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1775	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1776
[3347]	1777	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_y !< filter function in y-direction
	1778	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter function in z-direction
[2938]	1779	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
[2259]	1780	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1781	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1782
	1783
	1784	!
	1785	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1786	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1787	!-- unit variance.
	1788	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:ny+mergp) )
	1789
	1790	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1791	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1792	nyz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( ny+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1793
	1794	DO j = 0, ny
	1795	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1796	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,j) )
	1797	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,j)
	1798	ENDDO
	1799	ENDDO
	1800
	1801	rand_av = rand_av * nyz_inv
	1802
	1803	DO j = 0, ny
	1804	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1805	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) - rand_av
	1806	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,j) ** 2
	1807	ENDDO
	1808	ENDDO
	1809
	1810	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nyz_inv)
	1811
	1812	DO j = 0, ny
	1813	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1814	rand_it(k,j) = rand_it(k,j) * rand_sigma_inv
	1815	ENDDO
	1816	ENDDO
	1817
	1818	!
	1819	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1820	DO j = 0, ny
	1821	DO k = 1, mergp
	1822	rand_it(nzb -k,j) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,j) ! bottom margin
	1823	rand_it(nzt+1+k,j) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,j) ! top margin
	1824	ENDDO
	1825	ENDDO
	1826	DO j = 1, mergp
	1827	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1828	rand_it(k, -j) = rand_it(k,ny-j+1) ! south margin
	1829	rand_it(k,ny+j) = rand_it(k, j-1) ! north margin
	1830	ENDDO
	1831	ENDDO
	1832
	1833	!
	1834	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1835	n_y2 = n_y * 2
	1836	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1837	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1838
	1839	DO j = nysg, nyng
[2938]	1840	DO k = nzb_x_stg, nzt_x_stg+1
[2259]	1841	DO jj = -n_y2(k), n_y2(k)
	1842	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1843	f_n_l(k,j) = f_n_l(k,j) &
	1844	+ b_y(jj,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,j+jj)
	1845	ENDDO
	1846	ENDDO
	1847	ENDDO
	1848	ENDDO
	1849
	1850	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1851	!
	1852	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
[2938]	1853	send_count = nzt_x_stg - nzb_x_stg + 1
	1854	IF ( nzt_x_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
[2259]	1855
	1856	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1857	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_x_stg,nysg), send_count, stg_type_yz_small, &
	1858	f_n(nzb+1,nysg), recv_count_yz, displs_yz, stg_type_yz, &
[2938]	1859	id, comm1dx, ierr )
[2259]	1860	#else
[2938]	1861	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) = f_n_l(nzb_x_stg:nzt_x_stg+1,nysg:nyng)
[2259]	1862	#endif
	1863
	1864
	1865	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_yz
	1866
[2938]	1867
	1868
	1869
	1870	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1871	! Description:
	1872	! ------------
	1873	!> Generate a set of random number rand_it wich is equal on each PE
	1874	!> and calculate the velocity seed f_n.
	1875	!> f_n is splitted in vertical direction by the number of PEs in y-direction and
	1876	!> and each PE calculates a vertical subsection of f_n. At the the end, all
	1877	!> parts are collected to form the full array.
	1878	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1879	SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz( n_x, n_z, b_x, b_z, f_n, id )
	1880
	1881	IMPLICIT NONE
	1882
	1883	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< core ids at respective boundaries
	1884	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
	1885	INTEGER(iwp) :: ii !< loop index in x-direction
	1886	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	1887	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< loop index in z-direction
	1888	INTEGER(iwp) :: send_count !< send count for MPI_GATHERV
	1889
	1890	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x !< length scale in x-direction
	1891	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z !< length scale in z-direction
[3347]	1892	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_x2 !< n_x*2
[2938]	1893	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: n_z2 !< n_z*2
	1894
	1895	REAL(wp) :: nxz_inv !< inverse of number of grid points in xz-slice
	1896	REAL(wp) :: rand_av !< average of random number
	1897	REAL(wp) :: rand_sigma_inv !< inverse of stdev of random number
	1898
[3347]	1899	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_x !< filter function in x-direction
	1900	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(-merg:merg,nzb:nzt+1) :: b_z !< filter function in z-direction
[2938]	1901	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n_l !< local velocity seed
	1902	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) :: f_n !< velocity seed
	1903	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: rand_it !< random number
	1904
	1905
	1906	!
	1907	!-- Generate random numbers using a seed generated in stg_init.
	1908	!-- The set of random numbers are modified to have an average of 0 and
	1909	!-- unit variance.
	1910	ALLOCATE( rand_it(nzb-mergp:nzt+1+mergp,-mergp:nx+mergp) )
	1911
	1912	rand_av = 0.0_wp
	1913	rand_sigma_inv = 0.0_wp
	1914	nxz_inv = 1.0_wp / REAL( ( nzt+1 - nzb+1 ) * ( nx+1 ), KIND=wp )
	1915
	1916	DO i = 0, nx
	1917	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1918	CALL RANDOM_NUMBER( rand_it(k,i) )
	1919	rand_av = rand_av + rand_it(k,i)
	1920	ENDDO
	1921	ENDDO
	1922
	1923	rand_av = rand_av * nxz_inv
	1924
	1925	DO i = 0, nx
	1926	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1927	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) - rand_av
	1928	rand_sigma_inv = rand_sigma_inv + rand_it(k,i) ** 2
	1929	ENDDO
	1930	ENDDO
	1931
	1932	rand_sigma_inv = 1.0_wp / SQRT(rand_sigma_inv * nxz_inv)
	1933
	1934	DO i = 0, nx
	1935	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
	1936	rand_it(k,i) = rand_it(k,i) * rand_sigma_inv
	1937	ENDDO
	1938	ENDDO
	1939
	1940	!
	1941	!-- Periodic fill of random number in space
	1942	DO i = 0, nx
	1943	DO k = 1, mergp
	1944	rand_it(nzb-k,i) = rand_it(nzt+2-k,i) ! bottom margin
	1945	rand_it(nzt+1+k,i) = rand_it(nzb+k-1,i) ! top margin
	1946	ENDDO
	1947	ENDDO
	1948	DO i = 1, mergp
	1949	DO k = nzb-mergp, nzt+1+mergp
	1950	rand_it(k,-i) = rand_it(k,nx-i+1) ! left margin
	1951	rand_it(k,nx+i) = rand_it(k,i-1) ! right margin
	1952	ENDDO
	1953	ENDDO
	1954
	1955	!
	1956	!-- Generate velocity seed following Eq.6 of Xie and Castro (2008)
	1957	n_x2 = n_x * 2
	1958	n_z2 = n_z * 2
	1959	f_n_l = 0.0_wp
	1960
	1961	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
	1962	DO k = nzb_y_stg, nzt_y_stg+1
	1963	DO ii = -n_x2(k), n_x2(k)
	1964	DO kk = -n_z2(k), n_z2(k)
	1965	f_n_l(k,i) = f_n_l(k,i) &
	1966	+ b_x(ii,k) * b_z(kk,k) * rand_it(k+kk,i+ii)
	1967	ENDDO
	1968	ENDDO
	1969	ENDDO
	1970	ENDDO
	1971
	1972	DEALLOCATE( rand_it )
	1973
	1974	!
	1975	!-- Gather velocity seeds of full subdomain
	1976	send_count = nzt_y_stg - nzb_y_stg + 1
	1977	IF ( nzt_y_stg == nzt ) send_count = send_count + 1
	1978
	1979
	1980	#if defined( __parallel )
[2945]	1981	CALL MPI_GATHERV( f_n_l(nzb_y_stg,nxlg), send_count, stg_type_xz_small, &
[2938]	1982	f_n(nzb+1,nxlg), recv_count_xz, displs_xz, stg_type_xz, &
	1983	id, comm1dy, ierr )
	1984	#else
	1985	f_n(nzb+1:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) = f_n_l(nzb_y_stg:nzt_y_stg+1,nxlg:nxrg)
	1986	#endif
	1987
	1988
	1989	END SUBROUTINE stg_generate_seed_xz
	1990
[3347]	1991	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1992	! Description:
	1993	! ------------
	1994	!> Parametrization of the Reynolds stress tensor, following the parametrization
	1995	!> described in Rotach et al. (1996), which is applied in state-of-the-art
	1996	!> dispserion modelling. Please note, the parametrization does not distinguish
	1997	!> between along-wind and cross-wind turbulence.
	1998	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	1999	SUBROUTINE parametrize_reynolds_stress
	2000
	2001	IMPLICIT NONE
	2002
	2003	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	2004
	2005	REAL(wp) :: zzi !< ratio of z/zi
	2006
	2007	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	2008	!
[4022]	2009	!-- Calculate function to gradually decrease Reynolds stress above ABL top.
	2010	!-- The function decreases to 1/10 after one length scale above the
	2011	!-- ABL top.
	2012	blend = MIN( 1.0_wp, EXP( d_l * zu(k) - d_l * zi_ribulk ) )
[3347]	2013	!
[4022]	2014	!-- Determine normalized height coordinate
	2015	zzi = zu(k) / zi_ribulk
[3347]	2016	!
[4022]	2017	!-- u'u' and v'v'. Assume isotropy. Note, add a small negative number
	2018	!-- to the denominator, else the merge-function can crash if scale_l is
	2019	!-- zero.
	2020	r11(k) = scale_us*2 ( &
	2021	MERGE( 0.35_wp * ABS( &
	2022	- zi_ribulk / ( kappa * scale_l - 10E-4_wp ) &
	2023	)**( 2.0_wp / 3.0_wp ), &
	2024	0.0_wp, &
	2025	scale_l < 0.0_wp ) &
	2026	+ 5.0_wp - 4.0_wp * zzi &
	2027	) * blend
	2028
	2029	r22(k) = r11(k)
	2030	!
	2031	!-- w'w'
	2032	r33(k) = scale_wm*2 ( &
	2033	1.5_wp * zzi*( 2.0_wp / 3.0_wp ) EXP( -2.0_wp * zzi ) &
	2034	+ ( 1.7_wp - zzi ) * ( scale_us / scale_wm )**2 &
	2035	) * blend
	2036	!
	2037	!-- u'w' and v'w'. Assume isotropy.
	2038	r31(k) = - scale_us*2 ( 1.01_wp - MIN( zzi, 1.0_wp ) ) * blend
	2039	r32(k) = r31(k)
[3347]	2040	!
[4022]	2041	!-- For u'v' no parametrization exist so far - ?. For simplicity assume
	2042	!-- a similar profile as for u'w'.
	2043	r21(k) = r31(k)
[3347]	2044	ENDDO
	2045
	2046	!
	2047	!-- Set bottom boundary condition
	2048	r11(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	2049	r22(nzb) = r22(nzb+1)
	2050	r33(nzb) = r33(nzb+1)
	2051
	2052	r21(nzb) = r11(nzb+1)
	2053	r31(nzb) = r31(nzb+1)
	2054	r32(nzb) = r32(nzb+1)
	2055
	2056
	2057	END SUBROUTINE parametrize_reynolds_stress
	2058
	2059	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2060	! Description:
	2061	! ------------
	2062	!> Calculate the coefficient matrix from the Lund rotation.
	2063	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2064	SUBROUTINE calc_coeff_matrix
	2065
	2066	IMPLICIT NONE
	2067
	2068	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	2069
	2070	!
	2071	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix. Split loops to allow for loop vectorization.
	2072	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
[4022]	2073	IF ( r11(k) > 10E-6_wp ) THEN
[3347]	2074	a11(k) = SQRT( r11(k) )
	2075	a21(k) = r21(k) / a11(k)
	2076	a31(k) = r31(k) / a11(k)
	2077	ELSE
	2078	a11(k) = 10E-8_wp
	2079	a21(k) = 10E-8_wp
	2080	a31(k) = 10E-8_wp
	2081	ENDIF
	2082	ENDDO
	2083	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	2084	a22(k) = r22(k) - a21(k)**2
[4022]	2085	IF ( a22(k) > 10E-6_wp ) THEN
[3347]	2086	a22(k) = SQRT( a22(k) )
	2087	a32(k) = r32(k) - a21(k) * a31(k) / a22(k)
	2088	ELSE
	2089	a22(k) = 10E-8_wp
	2090	a32(k) = 10E-8_wp
	2091	ENDIF
	2092	ENDDO
	2093	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	2094	a33(k) = r33(k) - a31(k)2 - a32(k)2
[4022]	2095	IF ( a33(k) > 10E-6_wp ) THEN
[3347]	2096	a33(k) = SQRT( a33(k) )
	2097	ELSE
	2098	a33(k) = 10E-8_wp
	2099	ENDIF
	2100	ENDDO
	2101	!
	2102	!-- Set bottom boundary condition
	2103	a11(nzb) = a11(nzb+1)
	2104	a22(nzb) = a22(nzb+1)
	2105	a21(nzb) = a21(nzb+1)
	2106	a33(nzb) = a33(nzb+1)
	2107	a31(nzb) = a31(nzb+1)
	2108	a32(nzb) = a32(nzb+1)
	2109
	2110	END SUBROUTINE calc_coeff_matrix
	2111
	2112	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2113	! Description:
	2114	! ------------
	2115	!> This routine controls the re-adjustment of the turbulence statistics used
	2116	!> for generating turbulence at the lateral boundaries.
	2117	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2118	SUBROUTINE stg_adjust
	2119
	2120	IMPLICIT NONE
	2121
[3987]	2122
	2123	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'stg_adjust', 'start' )
[3347]	2124	!
[4022]	2125	!-- In case of dirichlet inflow boundary conditions only at one lateral
	2126	!-- boundary, i.e. in the case no offline or self nesting is applied but
	2127	!-- synthetic turbulence shall be parametrized nevertheless, the
	2128	!-- boundary-layer depth need to determined first.
	2129	IF ( .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. .NOT. child_domain ) &
	2130	CALL nesting_offl_calc_zi
	2131	!
	2132	!-- Compute scaling parameters (domain-averaged), such as friction velocity
	2133	!-- are calculated.
[3347]	2134	CALL calc_scaling_variables
	2135	!
	2136	!-- Set length and time scales depending on boundary-layer height
	2137	CALL calc_length_and_time_scale
	2138	!
	2139	!-- Parametrize Reynolds-stress tensor, diagonal elements as well
	2140	!-- as r21 (v'u'), r31 (w'u'), r32 (w'v'). Parametrization follows
	2141	!-- Rotach et al. (1996) and is based on boundary-layer depth,
	2142	!-- friction velocity and velocity scale.
	2143	CALL parametrize_reynolds_stress
	2144	!
	2145	!-- Calculate coefficient matrix from Reynolds stress tensor
	2146	!-- (Lund rotation)
	2147	CALL calc_coeff_matrix
	2148	!
	2149	!-- Determine filter functions on basis of updated length scales
	2150	CALL stg_filter_func( nux, bux ) !filter ux
	2151	CALL stg_filter_func( nuy, buy ) !filter uy
	2152	CALL stg_filter_func( nuz, buz ) !filter uz
	2153	CALL stg_filter_func( nvx, bvx ) !filter vx
	2154	CALL stg_filter_func( nvy, bvy ) !filter vy
	2155	CALL stg_filter_func( nvz, bvz ) !filter vz
	2156	CALL stg_filter_func( nwx, bwx ) !filter wx
	2157	CALL stg_filter_func( nwy, bwy ) !filter wy
	2158	CALL stg_filter_func( nwz, bwz ) !filter wz
	2159	!
	2160	!-- Reset time counter for controlling next adjustment to zero
	2161	time_stg_adjust = 0.0_wp
[3987]	2162
	2163	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'stg_adjust', 'end' )
[3347]	2164
	2165	END SUBROUTINE stg_adjust
	2166
	2167
	2168	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2169	! Description:
	2170	! ------------
	2171	!> Calculates turbuluent length and time scales if these are not available
	2172	!> from measurements.
	2173	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2174	SUBROUTINE calc_length_and_time_scale
	2175
	2176	IMPLICIT NONE
	2177
	2178
[4022]	2179	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
[3347]	2180
[4022]	2181	REAL(wp) :: length_scale_dum !< effectively used length scale
	2182
[3347]	2183	!
	2184	!-- In initial call the boundary-layer depth can be zero. This case, set
	2185	!-- minimum value for boundary-layer depth, to setup length scales correctly.
	2186	zi_ribulk = MAX( zi_ribulk, zw(nzb+2) )
	2187	!
	2188	!-- Set-up default turbulent length scales. From the numerical point of
	2189	!-- view the imposed perturbations should not be immediately dissipated
	2190	!-- by the numerics. The numerical dissipation, however, acts on scales
	2191	!-- up to 8 x the grid spacing. For this reason, set the turbulence
	2192	!-- length scale to 8 time the grid spacing. Further, above the boundary
	2193	!-- layer height, set turbulence lenght scales to zero (equivalent to not
	2194	!-- imposing any perturbations) in order to save computational costs.
	2195	!-- Typical time scales are derived by assuming Taylors's hypothesis,
	2196	!-- using the length scales and the mean profiles of u- and v-component.
	2197	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
	2198	!
[4022]	2199	!-- Determine blending parameter. Within the boundary layer length scales
	2200	!-- are constant, while above lengths scales approach gradully zero,
	2201	!-- i.e. imposed turbulence is not correlated in space and time,
	2202	!-- just white noise, which saves computations power as the loops for the
	2203	!-- computation of the filter functions depend on the length scales.
	2204	!-- The value decreases to 1/10 after one length scale above the
	2205	!-- ABL top.
	2206	blend = MIN( 1.0_wp, EXP( d_l * zu(k) - d_l * zi_ribulk ) )
[3347]	2207	!
[4022]	2208	!-- Assume isotropic turbulence length scales
	2209	nux(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale * ddx ), 1 ) * blend
	2210	nuy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale * ddy ), 1 ) * blend
	2211	nvx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale * ddx ), 1 ) * blend
	2212	nvy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale * ddy ), 1 ) * blend
	2213	nwx(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale * ddx ), 1 ) * blend
	2214	nwy(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale * ddy ), 1 ) * blend
[3347]	2215	!
[4022]	2216	!-- Along the vertical direction limit the length scale further by the
	2217	!-- boundary-layer depth to assure that no length scales larger than
	2218	!-- the boundary-layer depth are used
	2219	length_scale_dum = MIN( length_scale, zi_ribulk )
	2220
	2221	nuz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_dum * ddzw(k) ), 1 ) * blend
	2222	nvz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_dum * ddzw(k) ), 1 ) * blend
	2223	nwz(k) = MAX( INT( length_scale_dum * ddzw(k) ), 1 ) * blend
[3347]	2224	!
[4022]	2225	!-- Limit time scales, else they become very larger for low wind speed,
	2226	!-- imposing long-living inflow perturbations which in turn propagate
	2227	!-- further into the model domain. Use u_init and v_init to calculate
	2228	!-- the time scales, which will be equal to the inflow profiles, both,
	2229	!-- in offline nesting mode or in dirichlet/radiation mode.
	2230	tu(k) = MIN( dt_stg_adjust, length_scale / &
	2231	( ABS( u_init(k) ) + 0.1_wp ) ) * blend
	2232	tv(k) = MIN( dt_stg_adjust, length_scale / &
	2233	( ABS( v_init(k) ) + 0.1_wp ) ) * blend
	2234	!
	2235	!-- Time scale of w-component is a mixture from u- and v-component.
	2236	tw(k) = SQRT( tu(k)2 + tv(k)2 ) * blend
	2237
[3347]	2238	ENDDO
	2239	!
	2240	!-- Set bottom boundary condition for the length and time scales
	2241	nux(nzb) = nux(nzb+1)
	2242	nuy(nzb) = nuy(nzb+1)
	2243	nuz(nzb) = nuz(nzb+1)
	2244	nvx(nzb) = nvx(nzb+1)
	2245	nvy(nzb) = nvy(nzb+1)
	2246	nvz(nzb) = nvz(nzb+1)
	2247	nwx(nzb) = nwx(nzb+1)
	2248	nwy(nzb) = nwy(nzb+1)
	2249	nwz(nzb) = nwz(nzb+1)
	2250
	2251	tu(nzb) = tu(nzb+1)
	2252	tv(nzb) = tv(nzb+1)
	2253	tw(nzb) = tw(nzb+1)
	2254
	2255
	2256	END SUBROUTINE calc_length_and_time_scale
	2257
	2258	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2259	! Description:
	2260	! ------------
	2261	!> Calculate scaling variables which are used for turbulence parametrization
	2262	!> according to Rotach et al. (1996). Scaling variables are: friction velocity,
	2263	!> boundary-layer depth, momentum velocity scale, and Obukhov length.
	2264	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	2265	SUBROUTINE calc_scaling_variables
	2266
	2267	USE surface_mod, &
[3579]	2268	ONLY: get_topography_top_index_ji, surf_def_h, surf_lsm_h, surf_usm_h
[3347]	2269
	2270	IMPLICIT NONE
	2271
	2272	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
	2273	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
	2274	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
	2275	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< surface element index
	2276
	2277	REAL(wp) :: friction_vel_l !< mean friction veloctiy on subdomain
[3937]	2278	REAL(wp) :: pt_surf_mean !< mean near surface temperature (at 1st grid point)
	2279	REAL(wp) :: pt_surf_mean_l !< mean near surface temperature (at 1st grid point) on subdomain
	2280	REAL(wp) :: scale_l_l !< mean Obukhov lenght on subdomain
[3347]	2281	REAL(wp) :: shf_mean !< mean surface sensible heat flux
	2282	REAL(wp) :: shf_mean_l !< mean surface sensible heat flux on subdomain
	2283	REAL(wp) :: w_convective !< convective velocity scale
	2284
	2285	!
[3937]	2286	!-- Calculate mean friction velocity, velocity scale, heat flux and
	2287	!-- near-surface temperature in the model domain.
	2288	pt_surf_mean_l = 0.0_wp
	2289	shf_mean_l = 0.0_wp
	2290	scale_l_l = 0.0_wp
	2291	friction_vel_l = 0.0_wp
[3347]	2292	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
[3937]	2293	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
	2294	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
	2295	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
	2296	friction_vel_l = friction_vel_l + surf_def_h(0)%us(m)
	2297	shf_mean_l = shf_mean_l + surf_def_h(0)%shf(m) * drho_air(k)
	2298	scale_l_l = scale_l_l + surf_def_h(0)%ol(m)
	2299	pt_surf_mean_l = pt_surf_mean_l + pt(k,j,i)
[3347]	2300	ENDDO
	2301	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
[3937]	2302	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
	2303	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
	2304	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
	2305	friction_vel_l = friction_vel_l + surf_lsm_h%us(m)
	2306	shf_mean_l = shf_mean_l + surf_lsm_h%shf(m) * drho_air(k)
	2307	scale_l_l = scale_l_l + surf_lsm_h%ol(m)
	2308	pt_surf_mean_l = pt_surf_mean_l + pt(k,j,i)
[3347]	2309	ENDDO
	2310	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
[3937]	2311	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
	2312	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
	2313	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
	2314	friction_vel_l = friction_vel_l + surf_usm_h%us(m)
	2315	shf_mean_l = shf_mean_l + surf_usm_h%shf(m) * drho_air(k)
	2316	scale_l_l = scale_l_l + surf_usm_h%ol(m)
	2317	pt_surf_mean_l = pt_surf_mean_l + pt(k,j,i)
[3347]	2318	ENDDO
	2319
	2320	#if defined( __parallel )
[3937]	2321	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( friction_vel_l, scale_us, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
[3347]	2322	comm2d, ierr )
[3937]	2323	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( shf_mean_l, shf_mean, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
[3347]	2324	comm2d, ierr )
[3937]	2325	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( scale_l_l, scale_l, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2326	comm2d, ierr )
	2327	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( pt_surf_mean_l, pt_surf_mean, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	2328	comm2d, ierr )
[3347]	2329	#else
[3937]	2330	scale_us = friction_vel_l
	2331	shf_mean = shf_mean_l
	2332	scale_l = scale_l_l
	2333	pt_surf_mean = pt_surf_mean_l
[3347]	2334	#endif
	2335
[3937]	2336	scale_us = scale_us / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
	2337	shf_mean = shf_mean / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
	2338	scale_l = scale_l / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
	2339	pt_surf_mean = pt_surf_mean / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
[3347]	2340	!
	2341	!-- Compute mean convective velocity scale. Note, in case the mean heat flux
	2342	!-- is negative, set convective velocity scale to zero.
	2343	IF ( shf_mean > 0.0_wp ) THEN
[3937]	2344	w_convective = ( g * shf_mean * zi_ribulk / pt_surf_mean )**( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp )
[3347]	2345	ELSE
	2346	w_convective = 0.0_wp
	2347	ENDIF
	2348	!
	2349	!-- Finally, in order to consider also neutral or stable stratification,
	2350	!-- compute momentum velocity scale from u* and convective velocity scale,
	2351	!-- according to Rotach et al. (1996).
	2352	scale_wm = ( scale_us*3 + 0.6_wp w_convective3 )( 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp )
	2353
	2354	END SUBROUTINE calc_scaling_variables
	2355
[2259]	2356	END MODULE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod

Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.

Download in other formats:

| Impressum | ©Leibniz Universität Hannover |