1 | MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod |
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2 | |
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3 | !--------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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4 | ! This file is part of PALM. |
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5 | ! |
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6 | ! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms |
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7 | ! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, |
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8 | ! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. |
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9 | ! |
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10 | ! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY |
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11 | ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR |
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12 | ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
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13 | ! |
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14 | ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
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15 | ! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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16 | ! |
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17 | ! Copyright 1997-2014 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover |
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18 | !--------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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19 | ! |
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20 | ! Current revisions: |
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21 | ! ----------------- |
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22 | ! Changes due to new module structure of the plant canopy model: |
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23 | ! module plant_canopy_model_mod now contains a subroutine for the |
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24 | ! initialization of the canopy model (init_plant_canopy), |
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25 | ! limitation of the canopy drag (previously accounted for by calculation of |
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26 | ! a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
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27 | ! in subroutine timestep) is now realized by the calculation of pre-tendencies |
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28 | ! and preliminary velocities in subroutine plant_canopy_model, |
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29 | ! some redundant MPI communication removed in subroutine init_plant_canopy |
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30 | ! (was previously in init_3d_model), |
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31 | ! unnecessary 3d-arrays lad_u, lad_v, lad_w removed - lad information on the |
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32 | ! respective grid is now provided only by lad_s (e.g. in the calculation of |
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33 | ! the tendency terms or of cum_lai_hf), |
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34 | ! drag_coefficient, lai, leaf_surface_concentration, |
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35 | ! scalar_exchange_coefficient, sec and sls renamed to canopy_drag_coeff, |
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36 | ! cum_lai_hf, leaf_surface_conc, leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, lsec and lsc, |
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37 | ! respectively, |
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38 | ! unnecessary 3d-arrays cdc, lsc and lsec now defined as single-value constants, |
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39 | ! USE-statements and ONLY-lists modified accordingly |
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40 | ! |
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41 | ! Former revisions: |
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42 | ! ----------------- |
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43 | ! $Id: plant_canopy_model.f90 1484 2014-10-21 10:53:05Z kanani $ |
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44 | ! |
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45 | ! 1340 2014-03-25 19:45:13Z kanani |
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46 | ! REAL constants defined as wp-kind |
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47 | ! |
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48 | ! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch |
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49 | ! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements, |
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50 | ! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements, |
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51 | ! kinds are defined in new module kinds, |
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52 | ! old module precision_kind is removed, |
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53 | ! revision history before 2012 removed, |
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54 | ! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to |
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55 | ! all variable declaration statements |
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56 | ! |
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57 | ! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch |
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58 | ! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9) |
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59 | ! |
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60 | ! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel |
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61 | ! Initial revision |
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62 | ! |
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63 | ! Description: |
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64 | ! ------------ |
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65 | ! 1) Initialization of the canopy model, e.g. construction of leaf area density |
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66 | ! profile (subroutine init_plant_canopy). |
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67 | ! 2) Calculation of sinks and sources of momentum, heat and scalar concentration |
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68 | ! due to canopy elements (subroutine plant_canopy_model). |
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69 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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70 | USE arrays_3d, & |
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71 | ONLY: dzu, dzw, e, q, shf, tend, u, v, w, zu, zw |
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72 | |
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73 | USE indices, & |
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74 | ONLY: nbgp, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxr, nxrg, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nysv, & |
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75 | nz, nzb, nzb_s_inner, nzb_u_inner, nzb_v_inner, nzb_w_inner, nzt |
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76 | |
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77 | USE kinds |
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78 | |
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79 | |
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80 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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81 | |
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82 | |
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83 | CHARACTER (LEN=20) :: canopy_mode = 'block' !: canopy coverage |
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84 | |
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85 | INTEGER(iwp) :: pch_index = 0 !: plant canopy height/top index |
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86 | INTEGER(iwp) :: & |
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87 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(10) = -9999 !: lad-profile levels (index) |
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88 | |
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89 | LOGICAL :: calc_beta_lad_profile = .FALSE. !: switch for calc. of lad from beta func. |
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90 | LOGICAL :: plant_canopy = .FALSE. !: switch for use of canopy model |
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91 | |
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92 | REAL(wp) :: alpha_lad = 9999999.9_wp !: coefficient for lad calculation |
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93 | REAL(wp) :: beta_lad = 9999999.9_wp !: coefficient for lad calculation |
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94 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_drag_coeff = 0.0_wp !: canopy drag coefficient (parameter) |
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95 | REAL(wp) :: cdc = 0.0_wp !: canopy drag coeff. (abbreviation used in equations) |
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96 | REAL(wp) :: cthf = 0.0_wp !: canopy top heat flux |
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97 | REAL(wp) :: dt_plant_canopy = 0.0_wp !: timestep account. for canopy drag |
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98 | REAL(wp) :: lad_surface = 0.0_wp !: lad surface value |
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99 | REAL(wp) :: lai_beta = 0.0_wp !: leaf area index (lai) for lad calc. |
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100 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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101 | leaf_scalar_exch_coeff = 0.0_wp !: canopy scalar exchange coeff. |
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102 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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103 | leaf_surface_conc = 0.0_wp !: leaf surface concentration |
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104 | REAL(wp) :: lsec = 0.0_wp !: leaf scalar exchange coeff. |
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105 | REAL(wp) :: lsc = 0.0_wp !: leaf surface concentration |
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106 | |
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107 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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108 | lad_vertical_gradient(10) = 0.0_wp !: lad gradient |
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109 | REAL(wp) :: & |
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110 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(10) = -9999999.9_wp !: lad-prof. levels (in m) |
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111 | |
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112 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad !: leaf area density |
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113 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pre_lad !: preliminary lad |
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114 | |
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115 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: & |
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116 | canopy_heat_flux !: canopy heat flux |
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117 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: cum_lai_hf !: cumulative lai for heatflux calc. |
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118 | REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: lad_s !: lad on scalar-grid |
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119 | |
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120 | |
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121 | SAVE |
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122 | |
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123 | |
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124 | PRIVATE |
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125 | PUBLIC alpha_lad, beta_lad, calc_beta_lad_profile, canopy_drag_coeff, & |
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126 | canopy_mode, cdc, cthf, dt_plant_canopy, init_plant_canopy, lad, & |
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127 | lad_s, lad_surface, lad_vertical_gradient, & |
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128 | lad_vertical_gradient_level, lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind, & |
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129 | lai_beta, leaf_scalar_exch_coeff, leaf_surface_conc, lsc, lsec, & |
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130 | pch_index, plant_canopy, plant_canopy_model |
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131 | |
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132 | |
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133 | INTERFACE init_plant_canopy |
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134 | MODULE PROCEDURE init_plant_canopy |
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135 | END INTERFACE init_plant_canopy |
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136 | |
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137 | INTERFACE plant_canopy_model |
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138 | MODULE PROCEDURE plant_canopy_model |
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139 | MODULE PROCEDURE plant_canopy_model_ij |
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140 | END INTERFACE plant_canopy_model |
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141 | |
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142 | |
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143 | |
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144 | |
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145 | CONTAINS |
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146 | |
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147 | |
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148 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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149 | ! Description: |
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150 | ! ------------ |
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151 | !-- Initialization of the plant canopy model |
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152 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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153 | SUBROUTINE init_plant_canopy |
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154 | |
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155 | |
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156 | USE control_parameters, & |
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157 | ONLY: dz, ocean, passive_scalar |
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158 | |
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159 | |
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160 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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161 | |
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162 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !: running index |
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163 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !: running index |
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164 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !: running index |
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165 | |
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166 | REAL(wp) :: int_bpdf !: vertical integral for lad-profile construction |
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167 | REAL(wp) :: dzh !: vertical grid spacing in units of canopy height |
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168 | REAL(wp) :: gradient !: gradient for lad-profile construction |
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169 | REAL(wp) :: canopy_height !: canopy height for lad-profile construction |
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170 | |
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171 | ! |
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172 | !-- Allocate one-dimensional arrays for the computation of the |
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173 | !-- leaf area density (lad) profile |
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174 | ALLOCATE( lad(0:nz+1), pre_lad(0:nz+1) ) |
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175 | lad = 0.0_wp |
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176 | pre_lad = 0.0_wp |
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177 | |
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178 | ! |
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179 | !-- Compute the profile of leaf area density used in the plant |
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180 | !-- canopy model. The profile can either be constructed from |
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181 | !-- prescribed vertical gradients of the leaf area density or by |
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182 | !-- using a beta probability density function (see e.g. Markkanen et al., |
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183 | !-- 2003: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 106, 437-459) |
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184 | IF ( .NOT. calc_beta_lad_profile ) THEN |
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185 | |
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186 | ! |
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187 | !-- Use vertical gradients for lad-profile construction |
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188 | i = 1 |
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189 | gradient = 0.0_wp |
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190 | |
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191 | IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN |
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192 | |
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193 | lad(0) = lad_surface |
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194 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(1) = 0 |
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195 | |
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196 | DO k = 1, pch_index |
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197 | IF ( i < 11 ) THEN |
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198 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) < zu(k) .AND. & |
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199 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(i) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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200 | gradient = lad_vertical_gradient(i) |
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201 | lad_vertical_gradient_level_ind(i) = k - 1 |
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202 | i = i + 1 |
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203 | ENDIF |
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204 | ENDIF |
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205 | IF ( gradient /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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206 | IF ( k /= 1 ) THEN |
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207 | lad(k) = lad(k-1) + dzu(k) * gradient |
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208 | ELSE |
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209 | lad(k) = lad_surface + dzu(k) * gradient |
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210 | ENDIF |
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211 | ELSE |
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212 | lad(k) = lad(k-1) |
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213 | ENDIF |
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214 | ENDDO |
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215 | |
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216 | ENDIF |
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217 | |
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218 | ! |
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219 | !-- In case of no given leaf area density gradients, choose a vanishing |
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220 | !-- gradient. This information is used for the HEADER and the RUN_CONTROL |
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221 | !-- file. |
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222 | IF ( lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) == -9999999.9_wp ) THEN |
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223 | lad_vertical_gradient_level(1) = 0.0_wp |
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224 | ENDIF |
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225 | |
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226 | ELSE |
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227 | |
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228 | ! |
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229 | !-- Use beta function for lad-profile construction |
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230 | int_bpdf = 0.0_wp |
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231 | canopy_height = pch_index * dz |
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232 | |
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233 | DO k = nzb, pch_index |
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234 | int_bpdf = int_bpdf + & |
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235 | ( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) * & |
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236 | ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) * & |
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237 | ( ( zw(k+1)-zw(k) ) / canopy_height ) ) |
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238 | ENDDO |
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239 | |
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240 | ! |
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241 | !-- Preliminary lad profile (defined on w-grid) |
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242 | DO k = nzb, pch_index |
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243 | pre_lad(k) = lai_beta * & |
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244 | ( ( ( zw(k) / canopy_height )**( alpha_lad-1.0_wp ) ) * & |
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245 | ( ( 1.0_wp - ( zw(k) / canopy_height ) )**( beta_lad-1.0_wp ) ) / & |
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246 | int_bpdf & |
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247 | ) / canopy_height |
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248 | ENDDO |
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249 | |
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250 | ! |
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251 | !-- Final lad profile (defined on scalar-grid level, since most prognostic |
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252 | !-- quantities are defined there, hence, less interpolation is required |
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253 | !-- when calculating the canopy tendencies) |
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254 | lad(0) = pre_lad(0) |
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255 | DO k = nzb+1, pch_index |
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256 | lad(k) = 0.5 * ( pre_lad(k-1) + pre_lad(k) ) |
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257 | ENDDO |
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258 | |
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259 | ENDIF |
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260 | |
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261 | ! |
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262 | !-- Allocate 3D-array for the leaf area density (lad_s). In case of a |
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263 | !-- prescribed canopy-top heat flux (cthf), allocate 3D-arrays for |
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264 | !-- the cumulative leaf area index (cum_lai_hf) and the canopy heat flux. |
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265 | ALLOCATE( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
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266 | |
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267 | IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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268 | ALLOCATE( cum_lai_hf(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), & |
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269 | canopy_heat_flux(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) ) |
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270 | ENDIF |
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271 | |
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272 | ! |
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273 | !-- Initialize canopy parameters cdc (canopy drag coefficient), |
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274 | !-- lsec (leaf scalar exchange coefficient), lsc (leaf surface concentration) |
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275 | !-- with the prescribed values |
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276 | cdc = canopy_drag_coeff |
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277 | lsec = leaf_scalar_exch_coeff |
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278 | lsc = leaf_surface_conc |
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279 | |
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280 | ! |
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281 | !-- Initialization of the canopy coverage in the model domain: |
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282 | !-- Setting the parameter canopy_mode = 'block' initializes a canopy, which |
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283 | !-- fully covers the domain surface |
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284 | SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) ) |
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285 | |
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286 | CASE( 'block' ) |
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287 | |
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288 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
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289 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
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290 | lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:) |
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291 | ENDDO |
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292 | ENDDO |
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293 | |
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294 | CASE DEFAULT |
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295 | |
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296 | ! |
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297 | !-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter |
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298 | !-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the |
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299 | !-- user has coded a special case in the user interface. |
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300 | !-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks |
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301 | !-- which of these two conditions applies. |
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302 | CALL user_init_plant_canopy |
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303 | |
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304 | END SELECT |
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305 | |
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306 | ! |
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307 | !-- Initialization of the canopy heat source distribution |
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308 | IF ( cthf /= 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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309 | ! |
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310 | !-- Piecewise calculation of the leaf area index by vertical |
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311 | !-- integration of the leaf area density |
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312 | cum_lai_hf(:,:,:) = 0.0_wp |
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313 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
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314 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
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315 | DO k = pch_index-1, 0, -1 |
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316 | IF ( k == pch_index-1 ) THEN |
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317 | cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + & |
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318 | ( 0.5_wp * lad_s(k+1,j,i) * & |
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319 | ( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + & |
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320 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + & |
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321 | lad_s(k,j,i) ) + & |
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322 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
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323 | ( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) ) |
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324 | ELSE |
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325 | cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) = cum_lai_hf(k+1,j,i) + & |
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326 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+2,j,i) + & |
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327 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) + & |
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328 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
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329 | ( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + & |
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330 | ( 0.5_wp * ( 0.5_wp * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + & |
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331 | lad_s(k,j,i) ) + & |
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332 | lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * & |
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333 | ( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) ) |
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334 | ENDIF |
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335 | ENDDO |
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336 | ENDDO |
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337 | ENDDO |
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338 | |
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339 | ! |
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340 | !-- Calculation of the upward kinematic vertical heat flux within the |
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341 | !-- canopy |
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342 | DO i = nxlg, nxrg |
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343 | DO j = nysg, nyng |
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344 | DO k = 0, pch_index |
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345 | canopy_heat_flux(k,j,i) = cthf * & |
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346 | exp( -0.6_wp * cum_lai_hf(k,j,i) ) |
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347 | ENDDO |
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348 | ENDDO |
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349 | ENDDO |
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350 | |
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351 | ! |
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352 | !-- The surface heat flux is set to the surface value of the calculated |
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353 | !-- in-canopy heat flux distribution |
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354 | shf(:,:) = canopy_heat_flux(0,:,:) |
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355 | |
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356 | ENDIF |
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357 | |
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358 | |
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359 | |
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360 | END SUBROUTINE init_plant_canopy |
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361 | |
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362 | |
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363 | |
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364 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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365 | ! Description: |
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366 | ! ------------ |
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367 | !-- Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant |
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368 | !-- canopy on momentum and scalar quantities. |
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369 | !-- |
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370 | !-- The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 |
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371 | !-- (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine init_plant_canopy. |
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372 | !-- The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding |
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373 | !-- lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at |
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374 | !-- k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero. |
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375 | !-- |
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376 | !-- The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of |
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377 | !-- a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
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378 | !-- in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy |
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379 | !-- drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This |
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380 | !-- limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities. |
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381 | !-- It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different |
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382 | !-- sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that |
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383 | !-- the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag. |
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384 | !-- |
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385 | !-- |
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386 | !-- Call for all grid points |
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387 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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388 | SUBROUTINE plant_canopy_model( component ) |
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389 | |
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390 | |
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391 | USE control_parameters, & |
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392 | ONLY: dt_3d, message_string |
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393 | |
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394 | USE kinds |
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395 | |
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396 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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397 | |
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398 | INTEGER(iwp) :: component !: prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e) |
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399 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !: running index |
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400 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !: running index |
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401 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !: running index |
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402 | |
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403 | REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !: inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d) |
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404 | REAL(wp) :: lad_local !: local lad value |
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405 | REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !: preliminary tendency |
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406 | REAL(wp) :: pre_u !: preliminary u-value |
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407 | REAL(wp) :: pre_v !: preliminary v-value |
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408 | REAL(wp) :: pre_w !: preliminary w-value |
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409 | |
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410 | |
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411 | ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d |
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412 | |
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413 | ! |
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414 | !-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE: |
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415 | SELECT CASE ( component ) |
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416 | |
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417 | ! |
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418 | !-- u-component |
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419 | CASE ( 1 ) |
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420 | DO i = nxlu, nxr |
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421 | DO j = nys, nyn |
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422 | DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
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423 | |
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424 | ! |
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425 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
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426 | !-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to |
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427 | !-- lad_s(k,j,i), rather than being interpolated from the |
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428 | !-- surrounding lad_s, because this would yield smaller lad |
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429 | !-- at the canopy boundaries than inside of the canopy. |
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430 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy |
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431 | !-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
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432 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j,i) |
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433 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. & |
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434 | lad_s(k,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
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435 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j,i-1) |
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436 | ENDIF |
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437 | |
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438 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
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439 | pre_u = 0.0_wp |
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440 | ! |
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441 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
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442 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
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443 | lad_local * & |
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444 | SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + & |
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445 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + & |
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446 | v(k,j,i) + & |
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447 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
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448 | v(k,j+1,i-1) ) & |
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449 | )**2 + & |
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450 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + & |
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451 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
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452 | w(k,j,i-1) + & |
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453 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
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454 | )**2 & |
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455 | ) * & |
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456 | u(k,j,i) |
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457 | |
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458 | ! |
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459 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
460 | pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
461 | ! |
---|
462 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
463 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
464 | IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN |
---|
465 | pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
466 | ELSE |
---|
467 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
468 | ENDIF |
---|
469 | ! |
---|
470 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
471 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
472 | |
---|
473 | ENDDO |
---|
474 | ENDDO |
---|
475 | ENDDO |
---|
476 | |
---|
477 | ! |
---|
478 | !-- v-component |
---|
479 | CASE ( 2 ) |
---|
480 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
481 | DO j = nysv, nyn |
---|
482 | DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
483 | |
---|
484 | ! |
---|
485 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
486 | !-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to |
---|
487 | !-- lad_s(k,j,i), rather than being interpolated from the |
---|
488 | !-- surrounding lad_s, because this would yield smaller lad |
---|
489 | !-- at the canopy boundaries than inside of the canopy. |
---|
490 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1) canopy |
---|
491 | !-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
492 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j,i) |
---|
493 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
494 | lad_s(k,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
495 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j-1,i) |
---|
496 | ENDIF |
---|
497 | |
---|
498 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
499 | pre_v = 0.0_wp |
---|
500 | ! |
---|
501 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
502 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
503 | lad_local * & |
---|
504 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
505 | u(k,j-1,i+1) + & |
---|
506 | u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
507 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
508 | )**2 + & |
---|
509 | v(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
510 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + & |
---|
511 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
512 | w(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
513 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
514 | )**2 & |
---|
515 | ) * & |
---|
516 | v(k,j,i) |
---|
517 | |
---|
518 | ! |
---|
519 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
520 | pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
521 | ! |
---|
522 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
523 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
524 | IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN |
---|
525 | pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
526 | ELSE |
---|
527 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
528 | ENDIF |
---|
529 | ! |
---|
530 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
531 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
532 | |
---|
533 | ENDDO |
---|
534 | ENDDO |
---|
535 | ENDDO |
---|
536 | |
---|
537 | ! |
---|
538 | !-- w-component |
---|
539 | CASE ( 3 ) |
---|
540 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
541 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
542 | DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index-1 |
---|
543 | |
---|
544 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
545 | pre_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
546 | ! |
---|
547 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
548 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
549 | (0.5_wp * & |
---|
550 | ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + lad_s(k,j,i) )) * & |
---|
551 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
552 | u(k,j,i+1) + & |
---|
553 | u(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
554 | u(k+1,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
555 | )**2 + & |
---|
556 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
557 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
558 | v(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
559 | v(k+1,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
560 | )**2 + & |
---|
561 | w(k,j,i)**2 & |
---|
562 | ) * & |
---|
563 | w(k,j,i) |
---|
564 | ! |
---|
565 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
566 | pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
567 | ! |
---|
568 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
569 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
570 | IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN |
---|
571 | pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
572 | ELSE |
---|
573 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
574 | ENDIF |
---|
575 | ! |
---|
576 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
577 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
578 | |
---|
579 | ENDDO |
---|
580 | ENDDO |
---|
581 | ENDDO |
---|
582 | |
---|
583 | ! |
---|
584 | !-- potential temperature |
---|
585 | CASE ( 4 ) |
---|
586 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
587 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
588 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
589 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + & |
---|
590 | ( canopy_heat_flux(k,j,i) - & |
---|
591 | canopy_heat_flux(k-1,j,i) ) / dzw(k) |
---|
592 | ENDDO |
---|
593 | ENDDO |
---|
594 | ENDDO |
---|
595 | |
---|
596 | ! |
---|
597 | !-- scalar concentration |
---|
598 | CASE ( 5 ) |
---|
599 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
600 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
601 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
602 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
603 | lsec * & |
---|
604 | lad_s(k,j,i) * & |
---|
605 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
606 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
607 | )**2 + & |
---|
608 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
609 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
610 | )**2 + & |
---|
611 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
612 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
613 | )**2 & |
---|
614 | ) * & |
---|
615 | ( q(k,j,i) - lsc ) |
---|
616 | ENDDO |
---|
617 | ENDDO |
---|
618 | ENDDO |
---|
619 | |
---|
620 | ! |
---|
621 | !-- sgs-tke |
---|
622 | CASE ( 6 ) |
---|
623 | DO i = nxl, nxr |
---|
624 | DO j = nys, nyn |
---|
625 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
626 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
627 | 2.0_wp * cdc * & |
---|
628 | lad_s(k,j,i) * & |
---|
629 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
630 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
631 | )**2 + & |
---|
632 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
633 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
634 | )**2 + & |
---|
635 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + & |
---|
636 | w(k+1,j,i) ) & |
---|
637 | )**2 & |
---|
638 | ) * & |
---|
639 | e(k,j,i) |
---|
640 | ENDDO |
---|
641 | ENDDO |
---|
642 | ENDDO |
---|
643 | |
---|
644 | |
---|
645 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
646 | |
---|
647 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component |
---|
648 | CALL message( 'plant_canopy_model', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
649 | |
---|
650 | END SELECT |
---|
651 | |
---|
652 | END SUBROUTINE plant_canopy_model |
---|
653 | |
---|
654 | |
---|
655 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
656 | ! Description: |
---|
657 | ! ------------ |
---|
658 | !-- Calculation of the tendency terms, accounting for the effect of the plant |
---|
659 | !-- canopy on momentum and scalar quantities. |
---|
660 | !-- |
---|
661 | !-- The canopy is located where the leaf area density lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 |
---|
662 | !-- (defined on scalar grid), as initialized in subroutine init_plant_canopy. |
---|
663 | !-- The lad on the w-grid is vertically interpolated from the surrounding |
---|
664 | !-- lad_s. The upper boundary of the canopy is defined on the w-grid at |
---|
665 | !-- k = pch_index. Here, the lad is zero. |
---|
666 | !-- |
---|
667 | !-- The canopy drag must be limited (previously accounted for by calculation of |
---|
668 | !-- a limiting canopy timestep for the determination of the maximum LES timestep |
---|
669 | !-- in subroutine timestep), since it is physically impossible that the canopy |
---|
670 | !-- drag alone can locally change the sign of a velocity component. This |
---|
671 | !-- limitation is realized by calculating preliminary tendencies and velocities. |
---|
672 | !-- It is subsequently checked if the preliminary new velocity has a different |
---|
673 | !-- sign than the current velocity. If so, the tendency is limited in a way that |
---|
674 | !-- the velocity can at maximum be reduced to zero by the canopy drag. |
---|
675 | !-- |
---|
676 | !-- |
---|
677 | !-- Call for grid point i,j |
---|
678 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
---|
679 | SUBROUTINE plant_canopy_model_ij( i, j, component ) |
---|
680 | |
---|
681 | |
---|
682 | USE control_parameters, & |
---|
683 | ONLY: dt_3d, message_string |
---|
684 | |
---|
685 | USE kinds |
---|
686 | |
---|
687 | IMPLICIT NONE |
---|
688 | |
---|
689 | INTEGER(iwp) :: component !: prognostic variable (u,v,w,pt,q,e) |
---|
690 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i !: running index |
---|
691 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j !: running index |
---|
692 | INTEGER(iwp) :: k !: running index |
---|
693 | |
---|
694 | REAL(wp) :: ddt_3d !: inverse of the LES timestep (dt_3d) |
---|
695 | REAL(wp) :: lad_local !: local lad value |
---|
696 | REAL(wp) :: pre_tend !: preliminary tendency |
---|
697 | REAL(wp) :: pre_u !: preliminary u-value |
---|
698 | REAL(wp) :: pre_v !: preliminary v-value |
---|
699 | REAL(wp) :: pre_w !: preliminary w-value |
---|
700 | |
---|
701 | |
---|
702 | ddt_3d = 1.0_wp / dt_3d |
---|
703 | |
---|
704 | ! |
---|
705 | !-- Compute drag for the three velocity components and the SGS-TKE |
---|
706 | SELECT CASE ( component ) |
---|
707 | |
---|
708 | ! |
---|
709 | !-- u-component |
---|
710 | CASE ( 1 ) |
---|
711 | DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
712 | |
---|
713 | ! |
---|
714 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
715 | !-- the lad on the u-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
716 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
717 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
718 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
719 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the rightmost(i+1)canopy |
---|
720 | !-- boundary on the u-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
721 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j,i) |
---|
722 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
723 | lad_s(k,j,i-1) > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
724 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j,i-1) |
---|
725 | ENDIF |
---|
726 | |
---|
727 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
728 | pre_u = 0.0_wp |
---|
729 | ! |
---|
730 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
731 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
732 | lad_local * & |
---|
733 | SQRT( u(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
734 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
735 | v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
736 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
737 | v(k,j+1,i-1) ) & |
---|
738 | )**2 + & |
---|
739 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i-1) + & |
---|
740 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
741 | w(k,j,i-1) + & |
---|
742 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
743 | )**2 & |
---|
744 | ) * & |
---|
745 | u(k,j,i) |
---|
746 | |
---|
747 | ! |
---|
748 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
749 | pre_u = u(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
750 | ! |
---|
751 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
752 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
753 | IF ( SIGN(pre_u,u(k,j,i)) /= pre_u ) THEN |
---|
754 | pre_tend = - u(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
755 | ELSE |
---|
756 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
757 | ENDIF |
---|
758 | ! |
---|
759 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
760 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
761 | ENDDO |
---|
762 | |
---|
763 | |
---|
764 | ! |
---|
765 | !-- v-component |
---|
766 | CASE ( 2 ) |
---|
767 | DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
768 | |
---|
769 | ! |
---|
770 | !-- In order to create sharp boundaries of the plant canopy, |
---|
771 | !-- the lad on the v-grid at index (k,j,i) is equal to lad_s(k,j,i), |
---|
772 | !-- rather than being interpolated from the surrounding lad_s, |
---|
773 | !-- because this would yield smaller lad at the canopy boundaries |
---|
774 | !-- than inside of the canopy. |
---|
775 | !-- For the same reason, the lad at the northmost(j+1)canopy |
---|
776 | !-- boundary on the v-grid equals lad_s(k,j,i). |
---|
777 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j,i) |
---|
778 | IF ( lad_local == 0.0_wp .AND. & |
---|
779 | lad_s(k,j-1,i) > 0.0_wp ) THEN |
---|
780 | lad_local = lad_s(k,j-1,i) |
---|
781 | ENDIF |
---|
782 | |
---|
783 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
784 | pre_v = 0.0_wp |
---|
785 | ! |
---|
786 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
787 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
788 | lad_local * & |
---|
789 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
790 | u(k,j-1,i+1) + & |
---|
791 | u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
792 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
793 | )**2 + & |
---|
794 | v(k,j,i)**2 + & |
---|
795 | ( 0.25_wp * ( w(k-1,j-1,i) + & |
---|
796 | w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
797 | w(k,j-1,i) + & |
---|
798 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
799 | )**2 & |
---|
800 | ) * & |
---|
801 | v(k,j,i) |
---|
802 | |
---|
803 | ! |
---|
804 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
805 | pre_v = v(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
806 | ! |
---|
807 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
808 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
809 | IF ( SIGN(pre_v,v(k,j,i)) /= pre_v ) THEN |
---|
810 | pre_tend = - v(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
811 | ELSE |
---|
812 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
813 | ENDIF |
---|
814 | ! |
---|
815 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
816 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
817 | ENDDO |
---|
818 | |
---|
819 | |
---|
820 | ! |
---|
821 | !-- w-component |
---|
822 | CASE ( 3 ) |
---|
823 | DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index-1 |
---|
824 | |
---|
825 | pre_tend = 0.0_wp |
---|
826 | pre_w = 0.0_wp |
---|
827 | ! |
---|
828 | !-- Calculate preliminary value (pre_tend) of the tendency |
---|
829 | pre_tend = - cdc * & |
---|
830 | (0.5_wp * & |
---|
831 | ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + lad_s(k,j,i) )) * & |
---|
832 | SQRT( ( 0.25_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
833 | u(k,j,i+1) + & |
---|
834 | u(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
835 | u(k+1,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
836 | )**2 + & |
---|
837 | ( 0.25_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
838 | v(k,j+1,i) + & |
---|
839 | v(k+1,j,i) + & |
---|
840 | v(k+1,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
841 | )**2 + & |
---|
842 | w(k,j,i)**2 & |
---|
843 | ) * & |
---|
844 | w(k,j,i) |
---|
845 | ! |
---|
846 | !-- Calculate preliminary new velocity, based on pre_tend |
---|
847 | pre_w = w(k,j,i) + dt_3d * pre_tend |
---|
848 | ! |
---|
849 | !-- Compare sign of old velocity and new preliminary velocity, |
---|
850 | !-- and in case the signs are different, limit the tendency |
---|
851 | IF ( SIGN(pre_w,w(k,j,i)) /= pre_w ) THEN |
---|
852 | pre_tend = - w(k,j,i) * ddt_3d |
---|
853 | ELSE |
---|
854 | pre_tend = pre_tend |
---|
855 | ENDIF |
---|
856 | ! |
---|
857 | !-- Calculate final tendency |
---|
858 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + pre_tend |
---|
859 | ENDDO |
---|
860 | |
---|
861 | ! |
---|
862 | !-- potential temperature |
---|
863 | CASE ( 4 ) |
---|
864 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
865 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) + & |
---|
866 | ( canopy_heat_flux(k,j,i) - & |
---|
867 | canopy_heat_flux(k-1,j,i) ) / dzw(k) |
---|
868 | ENDDO |
---|
869 | |
---|
870 | |
---|
871 | ! |
---|
872 | !-- scalar concentration |
---|
873 | CASE ( 5 ) |
---|
874 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
875 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
876 | lsec * & |
---|
877 | lad_s(k,j,i) * & |
---|
878 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
879 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
880 | )**2 + & |
---|
881 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
882 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
883 | )**2 + & |
---|
884 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k-1,j,i) + & |
---|
885 | w(k,j,i) ) & |
---|
886 | )**2 & |
---|
887 | ) * & |
---|
888 | ( q(k,j,i) - lsc ) |
---|
889 | ENDDO |
---|
890 | |
---|
891 | ! |
---|
892 | !-- sgs-tke |
---|
893 | CASE ( 6 ) |
---|
894 | DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, pch_index |
---|
895 | tend(k,j,i) = tend(k,j,i) - & |
---|
896 | 2.0_wp * cdc * & |
---|
897 | lad_s(k,j,i) * & |
---|
898 | SQRT( ( 0.5_wp * ( u(k,j,i) + & |
---|
899 | u(k,j,i+1) ) & |
---|
900 | )**2 + & |
---|
901 | ( 0.5_wp * ( v(k,j,i) + & |
---|
902 | v(k,j+1,i) ) & |
---|
903 | )**2 + & |
---|
904 | ( 0.5_wp * ( w(k,j,i) + & |
---|
905 | w(k+1,j,i) ) & |
---|
906 | )**2 & |
---|
907 | ) * & |
---|
908 | e(k,j,i) |
---|
909 | ENDDO |
---|
910 | |
---|
911 | CASE DEFAULT |
---|
912 | |
---|
913 | WRITE( message_string, * ) 'wrong component: ', component |
---|
914 | CALL message( 'plant_canopy_model', 'PA0279', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 ) |
---|
915 | |
---|
916 | END SELECT |
---|
917 | |
---|
918 | END SUBROUTINE plant_canopy_model_ij |
---|
919 | |
---|
920 | END MODULE plant_canopy_model_mod |
---|