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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/nesting_offl_mod.f90 @ 4842

Last change on this file since 4842 was 4842, checked in by raasch, 3 years ago
reading of namelist file and actions in case of namelist errors revised so that statement labels and goto statements are not required any more, deprecated namelists removed
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 173.6 KB

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1	!> @file nesting_offl_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
6	! Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7	! (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
10	! implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
11	! Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with PALM. If not, see
14	! <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2021 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! ------------------
21	!
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: nesting_offl_mod.f90 4842 2021-01-14 10:42:28Z raasch $
26	! reading of namelist file and actions in case of namelist errors revised so that statement labels
27	! and goto statements are not required any more
28	!
29	! 4834 2021-01-07 10:28:00Z raasch
30	! file re-formatted to follow the PALM coding standard
31	!
32	! 4828 2021-01-05 11:21:41Z Giersch
33	! Bugfix in obtaining the correct timestamp in case of restart runs
34	!
35	! 4724 2020-10-06 17:20:39Z suehring $
36	! - Enable LOD=1 input of boundary conditions
37	! - Minor bugfix - add missing initialization of the top boundary
38	!
39	! 4582 2020-06-29 09:22:11Z suehring
40	! Remove unused variable
41	!
42	! 4581 2020-06-29 08:49:58Z suehring
43	! Omit explicit pressure forcing via geostrophic wind components in case of mesoscale nesting.
44	!
45	! 4561 2020-06-12 07:05:56Z suehring
46	! Adapt mass-flux correction also for the anelastic approximation
47	!
48	! 4561 2020-06-12 07:05:56Z suehring
49	! use statement for exchange horiz added
50	!
51	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
52	! Bugfix, time coordinate is relative to origin_time rather than to 00:00:00 UTC.
53	!
54	! 4346 2019-12-18 11:55:56Z motisi
55	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static topography
56	! information used in wall_flags_static_0
57	!
58	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
59	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
60	!
61	! 4286 2019-10-30 16:01:14Z resler
62	! Fix wrong checks of time from dynamic driver in nesting_offl_mod
63	!
64	! 4273 2019-10-24 13:40:54Z monakurppa
65	! Add a logical switch nesting_offline_chem
66	!
67	! 4270 2019-10-23 10:46:20Z monakurppa
68	! Implement offline nesting for salsa variables.
69	!
70	! 4231 2019-09-12 11:22:00Z suehring
71	! Bugfix in array deallocation
72	!
73	! 4230 2019-09-11 13:58:14Z suehring
74	! Update mean chemistry profiles. These are also used for rayleigh damping.
75	!
76	! 4227 2019-09-10 18:04:34Z gronemeier
77	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
78	!
79	! - Data input moved into nesting_offl_mod
80	! - check rephrased
81	! - time variable is now relative to time_utc_init
82	! - Define module specific data type for offline nesting in nesting_offl_mod
83	!
84	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
85	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
86	!
87	! 4169 2019-08-19 13:54:35Z suehring
88	! Additional check added.
89	!
90	! 4168 2019-08-16 13:50:17Z suehring
91	! Replace function get_topography_top_index by topo_top_ind
92	!
93	! 4125 2019-07-29 13:31:44Z suehring
94	! In order to enable netcdf parallel access, allocate dummy arrays for the lateral boundary data on
95	! cores that actually do not belong to these boundaries.
96	!
97	! 4079 2019-07-09 18:04:41Z suehring
98	! - Set boundary condition for w at nzt+1 at the lateral boundaries, even though these won't enter
99	! the numerical solution. However, due to the mass conservation these values might some up to very
100	! large values which will occur in the run-control file
101	! - Bugfix in offline nesting of chemical species
102	! - Do not set Neumann conditions for TKE and passive scalar
103	!
104	! 4022 2019-06-12 11:52:39Z suehring
105	! Detection of boundary-layer depth in stable boundary layer on basis of boundary data improved
106	! Routine for boundary-layer depth calculation renamed and made public
107	!
108	! 3987 2019-05-22 09:52:13Z kanani
109	! Introduce alternative switch for debug output during timestepping
110	!
111	! 3964 2019-05-09 09:48:32Z suehring
112	! Ensure that veloctiy term in calculation of bulk Richardson number does not become zero
113	!
114	! 3937 2019-04-29 15:09:07Z suehring
115	! Set boundary conditon on upper-left and upper-south grid point for the u- and v-component,
116	! respectively.
117	!
118	! 3891 2019-04-12 17:52:01Z suehring
119	! Bugfix, do not overwrite lateral and top boundary data in case of restart runs.
120	!
121	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
122	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction of additional debug
123	! messages
124	!
125	!
126	! Do local data exchange for chemistry variables only when boundary data is coming from dynamic file
127	!
128	! 3737 2019-02-12 16:57:06Z suehring
129	! Introduce mesoscale nesting for chemical species
130	!
131	! 3705 2019-01-29 19:56:39Z suehring
132	! Formatting adjustments
133	!
134	! 3704 2019-01-29 19:51:41Z suehring
135	! Check implemented for offline nesting in child domain
136	!
137	! Initial Revision:
138	! - separate offline nesting from large_scale_nudging_mod
139	! - revise offline nesting, adjust for usage of synthetic turbulence generator
140	! - adjust Rayleigh damping depending on the time-depending atmospheric conditions
141	!
142	!
143	! Description:
144	! ------------
145	!> Offline nesting in larger-scale models. Boundary conditions for the simulation are read from
146	!> NetCDF file and are prescribed onto the respective arrays.
147	!> Further, a mass-flux correction is performed to maintain the mass balance.
148	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
149	MODULE nesting_offl_mod
150
151	USE arrays_3d, &
152	ONLY: diss, &
153	drho_air_zw, &
154	dzw, &
155	e, &
156	pt, &
157	pt_init, &
158	q, &
159	q_init, &
160	rdf, &
161	rdf_sc, &
162	rho_air, &
163	rho_air_zw, &
164	s, &
165	u, &
166	u_init, &
167	ug, &
168	v, &
169	v_init, &
170	vg, &
171	w, &
172	zu, &
173	zw
174
175	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
176	ONLY: g, &
177	pi
178
179	USE chem_modules, &
180	ONLY: chem_species, nesting_offline_chem
181
182	USE control_parameters, &
183	ONLY: air_chemistry, &
184	bc_dirichlet_l, &
185	bc_dirichlet_n, &
186	bc_dirichlet_r, &
187	bc_dirichlet_s, &
188	coupling_char, &
189	constant_diffusion, &
190	child_domain, &
191	debug_output_timestep, &
192	dt_3d, &
193	dz, &
194	end_time, &
195	humidity, &
196	initializing_actions, &
197	message_string, &
198	nesting_offline, &
199	neutral, &
200	passive_scalar, &
201	rans_mode, &
202	rans_tke_e, &
203	rayleigh_damping_factor, &
204	rayleigh_damping_height, &
205	salsa, &
206	spinup_time, &
207	time_since_reference_point, &
208	volume_flow
209
210	USE cpulog, &
211	ONLY: cpu_log, &
212	log_point, &
213	log_point_s
214
215	USE grid_variables
216
217	USE indices, &
218	ONLY: nbgp, nx, nxl, nxlg, nxlu, nxr, nxrg, ny, nys, nysv, nysg, nyn, nyng, nzb, nz, nzt, &
219	topo_top_ind, wall_flags_total_0
220
221	USE kinds
222
223	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
224	ONLY: char_fill, &
225	char_lod, &
226	check_existence, &
227	close_input_file, &
228	get_attribute, &
229	get_dimension_length, &
230	get_variable, &
231	get_variable_pr, &
232	input_pids_dynamic, &
233	inquire_num_variables, &
234	inquire_variable_names, &
235	input_file_dynamic, &
236	num_var_pids, &
237	open_read_file, &
238	pids_id
239
240	USE pegrid
241
242	USE salsa_mod, &
243	ONLY: salsa_nesting_offl_bc, &
244	salsa_nesting_offl_init, &
245	salsa_nesting_offl_input
246
247	IMPLICIT NONE
248
249	!
250	!-- Define data type for nesting in larger-scale models like COSMO.
251	!-- Data type comprises u, v, w, pt, and q at lateral and top boundaries.
252	TYPE nest_offl_type
253
254	CHARACTER(LEN=16) :: char_l = 'ls_forcing_left_' !< leading substring for variables at left boundary
255	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_n = 'ls_forcing_north_' !< leading substring for variables at north boundary
256	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_r = 'ls_forcing_right_' !< leading substring for variables at right boundary
257	CHARACTER(LEN=17) :: char_s = 'ls_forcing_south_' !< leading substring for variables at south boundary
258	CHARACTER(LEN=15) :: char_t = 'ls_forcing_top_' !< leading substring for variables at top boundary
259
260	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names !< list of variable in dynamic input file
261	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names_chem_l !< names of mesoscale nested chemistry variables at left
262	!< boundary
263	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names_chem_n !< names of mesoscale nested chemistry variables at north
264	!< boundary
265	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names_chem_r !< names of mesoscale nested chemistry variables at right
266	!< boundary
267	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names_chem_s !< names of mesoscale nested chemistry variables at south
268	!< boundary
269	CHARACTER(LEN=100), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_names_chem_t !< names of mesoscale nested chemistry variables at top
270	!< boundary
271
272	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_east_pt = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of potential temperature at the eastern boundary
273	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_east_qc = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of cloud-water mixture fraction at the eastern boundary
274	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_east_qv = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of specific humidity at the eastern boundary
275	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_east_u = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the u-component at the eastern boundary
276	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_east_v = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the v-component at the eastern boundary
277	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_east_w = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the w-component at the eastern boundary
278	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_north_pt = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of potential temperature at the northern boundary
279	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_north_qc = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of cloud-water mixture fraction at the northern boundary
280	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_north_qv = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of specific humidity at the northern boundary
281	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_north_u = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the u-component at the northern boundary
282	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_north_v = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the v-component at the northern boundary
283	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_north_w = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the w-component at the northern boundary
284	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_south_pt = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of potential temperature at the southern boundary
285	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_south_qc = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of cloud-water mixture fraction at the southern boundary
286	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_south_qv = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of specific humidity at the southern boundary
287	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_south_u = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the u-component at the southern boundary
288	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_south_v = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the v-component at the southern boundary
289	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_south_w = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the w-component at the southern boundary
290	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_top_pt = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of potential temperature at the top boundary
291	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_top_qc = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of cloud-water mixture fraction at the top boundary
292	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_top_qv = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of specific humidity at the top boundary
293	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_top_u = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the u-component at the top boundary
294	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_top_v = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the v-component at the top boundary
295	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_top_w = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the w-component at the top boundary
296	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_west_pt = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of potential temperature at the western boundary
297	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_west_qc = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of cloud-water mixture fraction at the western boundary
298	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_west_qv = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of specific humidity at the western boundary
299	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_west_u = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the u-component at the western boundary
300	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_west_v = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the v-component at the western boundary
301	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod_west_w = 2 !< level-of-detail of input data of the w-component at the western boundary
302	INTEGER(iwp) :: nt !< number of time levels in dynamic input file
303	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzu !< number of vertical levels on scalar grid in dynamic input file
304	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzw !< number of vertical levels on w grid in dynamic input file
305	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind = 0 !< time index for reference time in mesoscale-offline nesting
306	INTEGER(iwp) :: tind_p = 0 !< time index for following time in mesoscale-offline nesting
307
308	LOGICAL :: init = .FALSE. !< flag indicating that offline nesting is already initialized
309
310	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_from_file_l !< flags inidicating whether left boundary data for chemistry is in
311	!< dynamic input file
312	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_from_file_n !< flags inidicating whether north boundary data for chemistry is in
313	!< dynamic input file
314	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_from_file_r !< flags inidicating whether right boundary data for chemistry is in
315	!< dynamic input file
316	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_from_file_s !< flags inidicating whether south boundary data for chemistry is in
317	!< dynamic input file
318	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_from_file_t !< flags inidicating whether top boundary data for chemistry is in
319	!< dynamic input file
320
321	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: surface_pressure !< time dependent surface pressure
322	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: time !< time levels in dynamic input file
323	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: zu_atmos !< vertical levels at scalar grid in dynamic input file
324	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: zw_atmos !< vertical levels at w grid in dynamic input file
325
326	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ug !< domain-averaged geostrophic component
327	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: vg !< domain-averaged geostrophic component
328
329	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pt_l !< potentital temperautre at left boundary
330	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pt_n !< potentital temperautre at north boundary
331	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pt_r !< potentital temperautre at right boundary
332	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pt_s !< potentital temperautre at south boundary
333	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: pt_top !< potentital temperautre at top boundary
334	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: q_l !< mixing ratio at left boundary
335	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: q_n !< mixing ratio at north boundary
336	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: q_r !< mixing ratio at right boundary
337	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: q_s !< mixing ratio at south boundary
338	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: q_top !< mixing ratio at top boundary
339	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_l !< u-component at left boundary
340	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_n !< u-component at north boundary
341	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_r !< u-component at right boundary
342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_s !< u-component at south boundary
343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: u_top !< u-component at top boundary
344	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_l !< v-component at left boundary
345	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_n !< v-component at north boundary
346	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_r !< v-component at right boundary
347	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_s !< v-component at south boundary
348	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: v_top !< v-component at top boundary
349	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_l !< w-component at left boundary
350	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_n !< w-component at north boundary
351	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_r !< w-component at right boundary
352	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_s !< w-component at south boundary
353	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: w_top !< w-component at top boundary
354
355	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_l !< chemical species at left boundary
356	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_n !< chemical species at north boundary
357	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_r !< chemical species at right boundary
358	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_s !< chemical species at south boundary
359	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: chem_top !< chemical species at left boundary
360
361	END TYPE nest_offl_type
362
363	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_bound !< boundary grid point in x-direction for scalars, v, and w
364	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_bound_u !< boundary grid point in x-direction for u
365	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_end !< end index for array allocation along x-direction at norther/southern boundary
366	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_start !< start index for array allocation along x-direction at norther/southern boundary (scalars, v, w)
367	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_start_u !< start index for array allocation along x-direction at norther/southern boundary (u)
368	INTEGER(iwp) :: j_bound !< boundary grid point in y-direction for scalars, u, and w
369	INTEGER(iwp) :: j_bound_v !< boundary grid point in y-direction for v
370	INTEGER(iwp) :: j_end !< end index for array allocation along y-direction at eastern/western boundary
371	INTEGER(iwp) :: j_start !< start index for array allocation along y-direction at eastern/western boundary (scalars, u, w)
372	INTEGER(iwp) :: j_start_v !< start index for array allocation along y-direction at eastern/western boundary (v)
373	INTEGER(iwp) :: lod !< level-of-detail of lateral input data
374
375	REAL(wp) :: fac_dt !< interpolation factor
376	REAL(wp) :: zi_ribulk = 0.0_wp !< boundary-layer depth according to bulk Richardson criterion, i.e. the height where Ri_bulk
377	!< exceeds the critical bulk Richardson number of 0.2
378
379	TYPE(nest_offl_type) :: nest_offl !< data structure for data input at lateral and top boundaries (provided by Inifor)
380
381	SAVE
382	PRIVATE
383	!
384	!-- Public subroutines
385	PUBLIC nesting_offl_bc, &
386	nesting_offl_calc_zi, &
387	nesting_offl_check_parameters, &
388	nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind, &
389	nesting_offl_header, &
390	nesting_offl_init, &
391	nesting_offl_input, &
392	nesting_offl_interpolation_factor, &
393	nesting_offl_mass_conservation, &
394	nesting_offl_parin
395	!
396	!-- Public variables
397	PUBLIC zi_ribulk
398
399	INTERFACE nesting_offl_bc
400	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_bc
401	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_bc
402
403	INTERFACE nesting_offl_calc_zi
404	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_calc_zi
405	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_calc_zi
406
407	INTERFACE nesting_offl_check_parameters
408	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_check_parameters
409	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_check_parameters
410
411	INTERFACE nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind
412	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind
413	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind
414
415	INTERFACE nesting_offl_header
416	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_header
417	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_header
418
419	INTERFACE nesting_offl_init
420	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_init
421	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_init
422
423	INTERFACE nesting_offl_input
424	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_input
425	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_input
426
427	INTERFACE nesting_offl_interpolation_factor
428	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_interpolation_factor
429	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_interpolation_factor
430
431	INTERFACE nesting_offl_mass_conservation
432	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_mass_conservation
433	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_mass_conservation
434
435	INTERFACE nesting_offl_parin
436	MODULE PROCEDURE nesting_offl_parin
437	END INTERFACE nesting_offl_parin
438
439	CONTAINS
440
441	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
442	! Description:
443	! ------------
444	!> Reads data at lateral and top boundaries derived from larger-scale model.
445	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
446	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_input
447
448	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index for chemistry variables
449
450	!
451	!-- Initialize INIFOR forcing in first call.
452	IF ( .NOT. nest_offl%init ) THEN
453	#if defined ( __netcdf )
454	!
455	!-- Open file in read-only mode
456	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
457	!
458	!-- At first, inquire all variable names.
459	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
460	!
461	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names.
462	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%var_names(1:num_var_pids) )
463	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, nest_offl%var_names )
464	!
465	!-- Read time dimension, allocate memory and finally read time array
466	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, nest_offl%nt, 'time' )
467
468	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, 'time' ) ) THEN
469	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%time(0:nest_offl%nt-1) )
470	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'time', nest_offl%time )
471	ENDIF
472	!
473	!-- Read vertical dimension of scalar und w grid
474	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, nest_offl%nzu, 'z' )
475	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, nest_offl%nzw, 'zw' )
476
477	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, 'z' ) ) THEN
478	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%zu_atmos(1:nest_offl%nzu) )
479	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'z', nest_offl%zu_atmos )
480	ENDIF
481	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, 'zw' ) ) THEN
482	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%zw_atmos(1:nest_offl%nzw) )
483	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'zw', nest_offl%zw_atmos )
484	ENDIF
485	!
486	!-- Read surface pressure
487	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, 'surface_forcing_surface_pressure' ) ) THEN
488	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%surface_pressure(0:nest_offl%nt-1) )
489	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'surface_forcing_surface_pressure', &
490	nest_offl%surface_pressure )
491	ENDIF
492	!
493	!-- Close input file
494	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
495	#endif
496	ENDIF
497	!
498	!-- Check if dynamic driver data input is required.
499	IF ( nest_offl%time(nest_offl%tind_p) <= MAX( time_since_reference_point, 0.0_wp) .OR. &
500	.NOT. nest_offl%init ) THEN
501	CONTINUE
502	!
503	!-- Return otherwise
504	ELSE
505	RETURN
506	ENDIF
507	!
508	!-- Start of CPU measurement
509	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(86), 'NetCDF input forcing', 'start' )
510
511	!
512	!-- Obtain time index for current point in time. Note, the time coordinate in the input file is
513	!-- always relative to the initial time in UTC, i.e. the time coordinate always starts at 0.0 even
514	!-- if the initial UTC is e.g. 7200.0. Further, since time_since_reference_point is negativ here
515	!-- when spinup is applied, use MAX function to obtain correct time index.
516	nest_offl%tind = MINLOC( ABS( nest_offl%time - MAX( time_since_reference_point, 0.0_wp ) ), &
517	DIM = 1 ) - 1
518	!
519	!-- Note, in case of restart runs, the time index for the boundary data may indicate a time in
520	!-- the future. This needs to be checked and corrected.
521	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
522	nest_offl%time(nest_offl%tind) > time_since_reference_point ) THEN
523	nest_offl%tind = nest_offl%tind - 1
524	ENDIF
525	nest_offl%tind_p = nest_offl%tind + 1
526	!
527	!-- Open file in read-only mode
528	#if defined ( __netcdf )
529	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
530	!
531	!-- Read geostrophic wind components
532	! DO t = nest_offl%tind, nest_offl%tind_p
533	! CALL get_variable_pr( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_ug', t+1, &
534	! nest_offl%ug(t-nest_offl%tind,nzb+1:nzt) )
535	! CALL get_variable_pr( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_vg', t+1, &
536	! nest_offl%vg(t-nest_offl%tind,nzb+1:nzt) )
537	! ENDDO
538	!
539	!-- Read data at lateral and top boundaries. Please note, at left and right domain boundary,
540	!-- yz-layers are read for u, v, w, pt and q.
541	!-- For the v-component, the data starts at nysv, while for the other quantities the data starts at
542	!-- nys. This is equivalent at the north and south domain boundary for the u-component (nxlu).
543	!-- Note, lateral data is also accessed by parallel IO, which is the reason why different arguments
544	!-- are passed depending on the boundary control flags. Cores that do not belong to the respective
545	!-- boundary only do a dummy read with count = 0, just in order to participate the collective
546	!-- operation. This is because collective parallel access shows better performance than just a
547	!-- conditional access.
548	!-- Read data for LOD 2, i.e. time-dependent xz-, yz-, and xy-slices.
549	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
550	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_u', &
551	nest_offl%u_l, & ! array to be read
552	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! start index y direction
553	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! start index z direction
554	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! start index time dimension
555	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! number of elements along y
556	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! number of elements alogn z
557	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! number of time steps (2 or 0)
558	.TRUE. ) ! parallel IO when compiled accordingly
559
560	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_v', &
561	nest_offl%v_l, &
562	MERGE( nysv, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
563	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
564	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
565	MERGE( nyn-nysv+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
566	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
567	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
568	.TRUE. )
569
570	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_w', &
571	nest_offl%w_l, &
572	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
573	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
574	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
575	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
576	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
577	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
578	.TRUE. )
579
580	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
581	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_pt', &
582	nest_offl%pt_l, &
583	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
584	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
585	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
586	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
587	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
588	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
589	.TRUE. )
590	ENDIF
591
592	IF ( humidity ) THEN
593	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_qv', &
594	nest_offl%q_l, &
595	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
596	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
597	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
598	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
599	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
600	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
601	.TRUE. )
602	ENDIF
603
604	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
605	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_l, 1 )
606	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_l(n) ) ) THEN
607	CALL get_variable( pids_id, &
608	TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_l(n) ), &
609	nest_offl%chem_l(:,:,:,n), &
610	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
611	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
612	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
613	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
614	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
615	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
616	.TRUE. )
617	nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(n) = .TRUE.
618	ENDIF
619	ENDDO
620	ENDIF
621	!
622	!-- Read data for eastern boundary
623	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_u', &
624	nest_offl%u_r, &
625	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
626	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
627	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
628	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
629	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
630	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
631	.TRUE. )
632
633	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_v', &
634	nest_offl%v_r, &
635	MERGE( nysv, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
636	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
637	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
638	MERGE( nyn-nysv+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
639	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
640	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
641	.TRUE. )
642
643	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_w', &
644	nest_offl%w_r, &
645	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
646	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
647	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
648	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
649	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
650	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
651	.TRUE. )
652
653	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
654	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_pt', &
655	nest_offl%pt_r, &
656	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
657	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
658	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
659	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
660	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
661	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
662	.TRUE. )
663	ENDIF
664
665	IF ( humidity ) THEN
666	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_qv', &
667	nest_offl%q_r, &
668	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
669	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
670	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
671	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
672	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
673	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
674	.TRUE. )
675	ENDIF
676
677	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
678	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_r, 1 )
679	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_r(n) ) ) THEN
680	CALL get_variable( pids_id, &
681	TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_r(n) ), &
682	nest_offl%chem_r(:,:,:,n), &
683	MERGE( nys+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
684	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
685	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
686	MERGE( nyn-nys+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
687	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
688	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
689	.TRUE. )
690	nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(n) = .TRUE.
691	ENDIF
692	ENDDO
693	ENDIF
694	!
695	!-- Read data for northern boundary
696	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_u', &
697	nest_offl%u_n, &
698	MERGE( nxlu, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
699	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
700	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
701	MERGE( nxr-nxlu+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
702	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
703	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
704	.TRUE. )
705
706	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_v', &
707	nest_offl%v_n, &
708	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
709	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
710	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
711	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
712	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
713	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
714	.TRUE. )
715
716	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_w', &
717	nest_offl%w_n, &
718	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
719	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
720	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
721	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
722	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
723	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
724	.TRUE. )
725
726	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
727	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_pt', &
728	nest_offl%pt_n, &
729	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
730	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
731	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
732	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
733	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
734	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
735	.TRUE. )
736	ENDIF
737	IF ( humidity ) THEN
738	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_qv', &
739	nest_offl%q_n, &
740	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
741	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
742	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
743	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
744	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
745	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
746	.TRUE. )
747	ENDIF
748
749	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
750	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_n, 1 )
751	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_n(n) ) ) THEN
752	CALL get_variable( pids_id, &
753	TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_n(n) ), &
754	nest_offl%chem_n(:,:,:,n), &
755	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
756	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
757	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
758	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
759	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
760	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n ), &
761	.TRUE. )
762	nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(n) = .TRUE.
763	ENDIF
764	ENDDO
765	ENDIF
766	!
767	!-- Read data for southern boundary
768	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_u', &
769	nest_offl%u_s, &
770	MERGE( nxlu, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
771	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
772	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
773	MERGE( nxr-nxlu+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
774	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
775	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
776	.TRUE. )
777
778	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_v', &
779	nest_offl%v_s, &
780	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
781	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
782	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
783	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
784	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
785	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
786	.TRUE. )
787
788	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_w', &
789	nest_offl%w_s, &
790	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
791	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
792	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
793	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
794	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
795	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
796	.TRUE. )
797
798	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
799	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_pt', &
800	nest_offl%pt_s, &
801	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
802	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
803	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
804	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
805	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
806	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
807	.TRUE. )
808	ENDIF
809	IF ( humidity ) THEN
810	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_qv', &
811	nest_offl%q_s, &
812	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
813	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
814	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
815	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
816	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
817	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
818	.TRUE. )
819	ENDIF
820
821	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
822	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_s, 1 )
823	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_s(n) ) ) THEN
824	CALL get_variable( pids_id, &
825	TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_s(n) ), &
826	nest_offl%chem_s(:,:,:,n), &
827	MERGE( nxl+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
828	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
829	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
830	MERGE( nxr-nxl+1, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
831	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
832	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s ), &
833	.TRUE. )
834	nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(n) = .TRUE.
835	ENDIF
836	ENDDO
837	ENDIF
838	!
839	!-- Top boundary
840	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_u', &
841	nest_offl%u_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr), &
842	nxlu, nys+1, nest_offl%tind+1, &
843	nxr-nxlu+1, nyn-nys+1, 2, .TRUE. )
844
845	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_v', &
846	nest_offl%v_top(0:1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
847	nxl+1, nysv, nest_offl%tind+1, &
848	nxr-nxl+1, nyn-nysv+1, 2, .TRUE. )
849
850	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_w', &
851	nest_offl%w_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
852	nxl+1, nys+1, nest_offl%tind+1, &
853	nxr-nxl+1, nyn-nys+1, 2, .TRUE. )
854
855	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
856	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_pt', &
857	nest_offl%pt_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
858	nxl+1, nys+1, nest_offl%tind+1, &
859	nxr-nxl+1, nyn-nys+1, 2, .TRUE. )
860	ENDIF
861	IF ( humidity ) THEN
862	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_qv', &
863	nest_offl%q_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
864	nxl+1, nys+1, nest_offl%tind+1, &
865	nxr-nxl+1, nyn-nys+1, 2, .TRUE. )
866	ENDIF
867
868	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
869	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t, 1 )
870	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ) ) THEN
871	CALL get_variable( pids_id, &
872	TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ), &
873	nest_offl%chem_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr,n), &
874	nxl+1, nys+1, nest_offl%tind+1, &
875	nxr-nxl+1, nyn-nys+1, 2, .TRUE. )
876	nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) = .TRUE.
877	ENDIF
878	ENDDO
879	ENDIF
880	!
881	!-- Read data for LOD 1, i.e. time-dependent profiles. In constrast to LOD 2 where the amount of IO
882	!-- is larger, only the respective boundary processes read the data.
883	ELSE
884	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
885	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_u', &
886	nest_offl%u_l(0:1,:,1:1), & ! array to be read
887	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! start index z direction
888	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! start index time dimension
889	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), & ! number of elements along z
890	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l) ) ! number of time steps (2 or 0)
891	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_v', &
892	nest_offl%v_l(0:1,:,1:1), &
893	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
894	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
895	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
896	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l) )
897	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_w', &
898	nest_offl%w_l(0:1,:,1:1), &
899	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
900	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
901	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
902	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l) )
903	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
904	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_pt', &
905	nest_offl%pt_l(0:1,:,1:1), &
906	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
907	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
908	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
909	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l) )
910	ENDIF
911	IF ( humidity ) THEN
912	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_left_qv', &
913	nest_offl%q_l(0:1,:,1:1), &
914	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
915	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
916	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
917	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l) )
918	ENDIF
919	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
920	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t, 1 )
921	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ) ) THEN
922	CALL get_variable( pids_id, TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ), &
923	nest_offl%chem_l(0:1,:,1:1,n), &
924	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
925	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_l), &
926	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_l), &
927	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_l) )
928	nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(n) = .TRUE.
929	ENDIF
930	ENDDO
931	ENDIF
932	ENDIF
933	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
934	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_u', &
935	nest_offl%u_r(0:1,:,1:1), &
936	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
937	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
938	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
939	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r) )
940	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_v', &
941	nest_offl%v_r(0:1,:,1:1), &
942	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
943	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
944	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
945	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r) )
946	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_w', &
947	nest_offl%w_r(0:1,:,1:1), &
948	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
949	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
950	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
951	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r) )
952	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
953	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_pt', &
954	nest_offl%pt_r(0:1,:,1:1), &
955	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
956	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
957	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
958	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r) )
959	ENDIF
960	IF ( humidity ) THEN
961	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_right_qv', &
962	nest_offl%q_r(0:1,:,1:1), &
963	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
964	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
965	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
966	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r) )
967	ENDIF
968	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
969	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t, 1 )
970	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ) ) THEN
971	CALL get_variable( pids_id, TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ), &
972	nest_offl%chem_r(0:1,:,1:1,n), &
973	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
974	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_r), &
975	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_r), &
976	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_r) )
977	nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(n) = .TRUE.
978	ENDIF
979	ENDDO
980	ENDIF
981	ENDIF
982	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
983	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_u', &
984	nest_offl%u_n(0:1,:,1:1), &
985	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
986	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
987	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n), &
988	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n) )
989	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_v', &
990	nest_offl%v_n(0:1,:,1:1), &
991	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
992	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
993	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n), &
994	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n) )
995	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_w', &
996	nest_offl%w_n(0:1,:,1:1), &
997	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
998	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
999	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1000	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n) )
1001	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1002	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_pt', &
1003	nest_offl%pt_n(0:1,:,1:1), &
1004	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1005	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1006	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1007	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n) )
1008	ENDIF
1009	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1010	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_north_qv', &
1011	nest_offl%q_n(0:1,:,1:1), &
1012	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1013	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1014	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1015	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n) )
1016	ENDIF
1017	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1018	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t, 1 )
1019	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ) ) THEN
1020	CALL get_variable( pids_id, TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ), &
1021	nest_offl%chem_n(0:1,:,1:1,n), &
1022	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1023	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1024	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_n), &
1025	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_n) )
1026	nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(n) = .TRUE.
1027	ENDIF
1028	ENDDO
1029	ENDIF
1030	ENDIF
1031	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
1032	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_u', &
1033	nest_offl%u_s(0:1,:,1:1), &
1034	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1035	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1036	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1037	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s) )
1038	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_v', &
1039	nest_offl%v_s(0:1,:,1:1), &
1040	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1041	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1042	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1043	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s) )
1044	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_w', &
1045	nest_offl%w_s(0:1,:,1:1), &
1046	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1047	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1048	MERGE( nest_offl%nzw, 0, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1049	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s) )
1050	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1051	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_pt', &
1052	nest_offl%pt_s(0:1,:,1:1), &
1053	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1054	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1055	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1056	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s) )
1057	ENDIF
1058	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1059	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_south_qv', &
1060	nest_offl%q_s(0:1,:,1:1), &
1061	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1062	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1063	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1064	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s) )
1065	ENDIF
1066	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1067	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t, 1 )
1068	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ) ) THEN
1069	CALL get_variable( pids_id, TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ), &
1070	nest_offl%chem_s(0:1,:,1:1,n), &
1071	MERGE( nzb+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1072	MERGE( nest_offl%tind+1, 1, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1073	MERGE( nest_offl%nzu, 0, bc_dirichlet_s), &
1074	MERGE( 2, 0, bc_dirichlet_s) )
1075	nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(n) = .TRUE.
1076	ENDIF
1077	ENDDO
1078	ENDIF
1079	ENDIF
1080	!
1081	!-- Read top boundary data, which is actually only a scalar value in the LOD 1 case.
1082	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_u', &
1083	nest_offl%u_top(0:1,1,1), & ! array to be read
1084	nest_offl%tind+1, & ! start index in time
1085	2 ) ! number of elements to be read
1086	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_v', &
1087	nest_offl%v_top(0:1,1,1), &
1088	nest_offl%tind+1, &
1089	2 )
1090	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_w', &
1091	nest_offl%w_top(0:1,1,1), &
1092	nest_offl%tind+1, &
1093	2 )
1094	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1095	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_pt', &
1096	nest_offl%pt_top(0:1,1,1), &
1097	nest_offl%tind+1, &
1098	2 )
1099	ENDIF
1100	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1101	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'ls_forcing_top_qv', &
1102	nest_offl%q_top(0:1,1,1), &
1103	nest_offl%tind+1, &
1104	2 )
1105	ENDIF
1106	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1107	DO n = 1, UBOUND( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t, 1 )
1108	IF ( check_existence( nest_offl%var_names, nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ) ) THEN
1109	CALL get_variable( pids_id, TRIM( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) ), &
1110	nest_offl%chem_top(0:1,1,1,n), &
1111	nest_offl%tind+1, &
1112	2 )
1113	nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) = .TRUE.
1114	ENDIF
1115	ENDDO
1116	ENDIF
1117	ENDIF
1118
1119
1120	!
1121	!-- Close input file
1122	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
1123	#endif
1124	!
1125	!-- Set control flag to indicate that boundary data has been initially input.
1126	nest_offl%init = .TRUE.
1127	!
1128	!-- Call offline nesting for salsa
1129	IF ( salsa ) CALL salsa_nesting_offl_input
1130	!
1131	!-- End of CPU measurement
1132	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(86), 'NetCDF input forcing', 'stop' )
1133
1134	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_input
1135
1136
1137	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1138	! Description:
1139	! ------------
1140	!> In this subroutine a constant mass within the model domain is guaranteed.
1141	!> Larger-scale models may be based on a compressible equation system, which is not consistent with
1142	!> PALMs incompressible equation system. In order to avoid a decrease or increase of mass during the
1143	!> simulation, non-divergent flow through the lateral and top boundaries is compensated by the
1144	!> vertical wind component at the top boundary.
1145	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1146	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_mass_conservation
1147
1148	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x-direction
1149	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index in y-direction
1150	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index in z-direction
1151
1152	REAL(wp) :: d_area_t !< inverse of the total area of the horizontal model domain
1153	REAL(wp) :: w_correct !< vertical velocity increment required to compensate non-divergent flow through the boundaries
1154
1155	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_l !< local volume flow
1156
1157
1158	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'nesting_offl_mass_conservation', 'start' )
1159
1160	CALL cpu_log( log_point(58), 'offline nesting', 'start' )
1161
1162	volume_flow = 0.0_wp
1163	volume_flow_l = 0.0_wp
1164
1165	d_area_t = 1.0_wp / ( ( nx + 1 ) * dx * ( ny + 1 ) * dy )
1166
1167	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
1168	i = nxl
1169	DO j = nys, nyn
1170	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1171	volume_flow_l(1) = volume_flow_l(1) + u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy * rho_air(k) &
1172	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1173	ENDDO
1174	ENDDO
1175	ENDIF
1176	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
1177	i = nxr+1
1178	DO j = nys, nyn
1179	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1180	volume_flow_l(1) = volume_flow_l(1) - u(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dy * rho_air(k) &
1181	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1182	ENDDO
1183	ENDDO
1184	ENDIF
1185	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
1186	j = nys
1187	DO i = nxl, nxr
1188	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1189	volume_flow_l(2) = volume_flow_l(2) + v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx * rho_air(k) &
1190	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1191	ENDDO
1192	ENDDO
1193	ENDIF
1194	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
1195	j = nyn+1
1196	DO i = nxl, nxr
1197	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1198	volume_flow_l(2) = volume_flow_l(2) - v(k,j,i) * dzw(k) * dx * rho_air(k) &
1199	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1200	ENDDO
1201	ENDDO
1202	ENDIF
1203	!
1204	!-- Top boundary
1205	k = nzt
1206	DO i = nxl, nxr
1207	DO j = nys, nyn
1208	volume_flow_l(3) = volume_flow_l(3) - rho_air_zw(k) * w(k,j,i) * dx * dy
1209	ENDDO
1210	ENDDO
1211
1212	#if defined( __parallel )
1213	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1214	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_l, volume_flow, 3, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1215	#else
1216	volume_flow = volume_flow_l
1217	#endif
1218
1219	w_correct = SUM( volume_flow ) * d_area_t * drho_air_zw(nzt)
1220
1221	DO i = nxl, nxr
1222	DO j = nys, nyn
1223	DO k = nzt, nzt + 1
1224	w(k,j,i) = w(k,j,i) + w_correct &
1225	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
1226	ENDDO
1227	ENDDO
1228	ENDDO
1229
1230	CALL cpu_log( log_point(58), 'offline nesting', 'stop' )
1231
1232	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'nesting_offl_mass_conservation', 'end' )
1233
1234	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_mass_conservation
1235
1236
1237	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1238	! Description:
1239	! ------------
1240	!> Set the lateral and top boundary conditions in case the PALM domain is nested offline in a
1241	!> mesoscale model. Further, average boundary data and determine mean profiles, further used for
1242	!> correct damping in the sponge layer.
1243	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1244	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_bc
1245
1246	USE exchange_horiz_mod, &
1247	ONLY: exchange_horiz
1248
1249	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index x-direction
1250	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index y-direction
1251	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index z-direction
1252	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index for chemical species
1253
1254	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: pt_ref !< reference profile for potential temperature
1255	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: pt_ref_l !< reference profile for potential temperature on subdomain
1256	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: q_ref !< reference profile for mixing ratio
1257	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: q_ref_l !< reference profile for mixing ratio on subdomain
1258	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: u_ref !< reference profile for u-component
1259	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: u_ref_l !< reference profile for u-component on subdomain
1260	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: v_ref !< reference profile for v-component
1261	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: v_ref_l !< reference profile for v-component on subdomain
1262	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: var_1d !< pre-interpolated profile for LOD1 mode
1263
1264	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ref_chem !< reference profile for chemical species
1265	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ref_chem_l !< reference profile for chemical species on subdomain
1266
1267	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'nesting_offl_bc', 'start' )
1268
1269	CALL cpu_log( log_point(58), 'offline nesting', 'start' )
1270	!
1271	!-- Initialize mean profiles, derived from boundary data, to zero.
1272	pt_ref = 0.0_wp
1273	q_ref = 0.0_wp
1274	u_ref = 0.0_wp
1275	v_ref = 0.0_wp
1276
1277	pt_ref_l = 0.0_wp
1278	q_ref_l = 0.0_wp
1279	u_ref_l = 0.0_wp
1280	v_ref_l = 0.0_wp
1281	!
1282	!-- If required, allocate temporary arrays to compute chemistry mean profiles
1283	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1284	ALLOCATE( ref_chem(nzb:nzt+1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 ) ) )
1285	ALLOCATE( ref_chem_l(nzb:nzt+1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 ) ) )
1286	ref_chem = 0.0_wp
1287	ref_chem_l = 0.0_wp
1288	ENDIF
1289	!
1290	!-- Set boundary conditions of u-, v-, w-component, as well as q, and pt.
1291	!-- Note, boundary values at the left boundary: i=-1 (v,w,pt,q) and i=0 (u), at the right boundary:
1292	!-- i=nxr+1 (all), at the south boundary: j=-1 (u,w,pt,q) and j=0 (v), at the north boundary:
1293	!-- j=nyn+1 (all).
1294	!-- Please note, at the left (for u) and south (for v) boundary, values for u and v are set also at
1295	!-- i/j=-1, since these values are used in boundary_conditions() to restore prognostic values.
1296	!-- Further, sum up data to calculate mean profiles from boundary data, used for Rayleigh damping.
1297	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
1298	!
1299	!-- u-component
1300	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1301	DO j = nys, nyn
1302	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1303	u(k,j,i_bound_u) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_l(0,k,j), &
1304	nest_offl%u_l(1,k,j), &
1305	fac_dt ) * &
1306	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1307	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i_bound_u), 1 ) )
1308	ENDDO
1309	u(:,j,i_bound_u-1) = u(:,j,i_bound_u)
1310	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u)
1311	ENDDO
1312	ELSE
1313	!
1314	!-- Pre-interpolate profile before mapping onto the boundaries.
1315	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1316	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_l(0,k,1), &
1317	nest_offl%u_l(1,k,1), &
1318	fac_dt )
1319	ENDDO
1320	DO j = nys, nyn
1321	u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1322	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1323	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u), 1 ) )
1324	u(:,j,i_bound_u-1) = u(:,j,i_bound_u)
1325	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u)
1326	ENDDO
1327	ENDIF
1328	!
1329	!-- w-component
1330	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1331	DO j = nys, nyn
1332	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1333	w(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_l(0,k,j), &
1334	nest_offl%w_l(1,k,j), &
1335	fac_dt ) * &
1336	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1337	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i_bound), 3 ) )
1338	ENDDO
1339	w(nzt,j,i_bound) = w(nzt-1,j,i_bound)
1340	ENDDO
1341	ELSE
1342	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1343	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_l(0,k,1), &
1344	nest_offl%w_l(1,k,1), &
1345	fac_dt )
1346	ENDDO
1347	DO j = nys, nyn
1348	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt-1) * &
1349	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1350	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt-1,j,i_bound), 3 ) )
1351	w(nzt,j,i_bound) = w(nzt-1,j,i_bound)
1352	ENDDO
1353	ENDIF
1354	!
1355	!-- v-component
1356	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1357	DO j = nysv, nyn
1358	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1359	v(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_l(0,k,j), &
1360	nest_offl%v_l(1,k,j), &
1361	fac_dt ) * &
1362	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1363	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i_bound), 2 ) )
1364	ENDDO
1365	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1366	ENDDO
1367	ELSE
1368	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1369	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_l(0,k,1), &
1370	nest_offl%v_l(1,k,1), &
1371	fac_dt )
1372	ENDDO
1373	DO j = nysv, nyn
1374	v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1375	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1376	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound), 2 ) )
1377	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1378	ENDDO
1379	ENDIF
1380	!
1381	!-- Potential temperature
1382	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1383	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1384	DO j = nys, nyn
1385	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1386	pt(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_l(0,k,j), &
1387	nest_offl%pt_l(1,k,j), &
1388	fac_dt )
1389	ENDDO
1390	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1391	ENDDO
1392	ELSE
1393	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1394	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_l(0,k,1), &
1395	nest_offl%pt_l(1,k,1), &
1396	fac_dt )
1397	ENDDO
1398	DO j = nys, nyn
1399	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1400	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1401	ENDDO
1402	ENDIF
1403	ENDIF
1404	!
1405	!-- Humidity
1406	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1407	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1408	DO j = nys, nyn
1409	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1410	q(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_l(0,k,j), &
1411	nest_offl%q_l(1,k,j), &
1412	fac_dt )
1413	ENDDO
1414	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1415	ENDDO
1416	ELSE
1417	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1418	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_l(0,k,1), &
1419	nest_offl%q_l(1,k,1), &
1420	fac_dt )
1421	ENDDO
1422	DO j = nys, nyn
1423	q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1424	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1425	ENDDO
1426	ENDIF
1427	ENDIF
1428	!
1429	!-- Chemistry
1430	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1431	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
1432	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(n) ) THEN
1433	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1434	DO j = nys, nyn
1435	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1436	chem_species(n)%conc(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( &
1437	nest_offl%chem_l(0,k,j,n), &
1438	nest_offl%chem_l(1,k,j,n), &
1439	fac_dt )
1440	ENDDO
1441	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) &
1442	+ chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1443	ENDDO
1444	ELSE
1445	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1446	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%chem_l(0,k,1,n), &
1447	nest_offl%chem_l(1,k,1,n), &
1448	fac_dt )
1449	ENDDO
1450	DO j = nys, nyn
1451	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1452	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) &
1453	+ chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1454	ENDDO
1455	ENDIF
1456	ENDIF
1457	ENDDO
1458	ENDIF
1459
1460	ENDIF
1461
1462	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
1463	!
1464	!-- u-component
1465	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1466	DO j = nys, nyn
1467	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1468	u(k,j,i_bound_u) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_r(0,k,j), &
1469	nest_offl%u_r(1,k,j), &
1470	fac_dt ) * &
1471	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1472	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i_bound_u), 1 ) )
1473	ENDDO
1474	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u)
1475	ENDDO
1476	ELSE
1477	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1478	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_r(0,k,1), &
1479	nest_offl%u_r(1,k,1), &
1480	fac_dt )
1481	ENDDO
1482	DO j = nys, nyn
1483	u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1484	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1485	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u), 1 ) )
1486	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u)
1487	ENDDO
1488	ENDIF
1489	!
1490	!-- w-component
1491	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1492	DO j = nys, nyn
1493	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1494	w(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_r(0,k,j), &
1495	nest_offl%w_r(1,k,j), &
1496	fac_dt ) * &
1497	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1498	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i_bound), 3 ) )
1499	ENDDO
1500	w(nzt,j,i_bound) = w(nzt-1,j,i_bound)
1501	ENDDO
1502	ELSE
1503	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1504	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_r(0,k,1), &
1505	nest_offl%w_r(1,k,1), &
1506	fac_dt )
1507	ENDDO
1508	DO j = nys, nyn
1509	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt-1) * &
1510	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1511	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt-1,j,i_bound), 3 ) )
1512	w(nzt,j,i_bound) = w(nzt-1,j,i_bound)
1513	ENDDO
1514	ENDIF
1515	!
1516	!-- v-component
1517	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1518	DO j = nysv, nyn
1519	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1520	v(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_r(0,k,j), &
1521	nest_offl%v_r(1,k,j), &
1522	fac_dt ) * &
1523	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1524	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i_bound), 2 ) )
1525	ENDDO
1526	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1527	ENDDO
1528	ELSE
1529	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1530	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_r(0,k,1), &
1531	nest_offl%v_r(1,k,1), &
1532	fac_dt )
1533	ENDDO
1534	DO j = nysv, nyn
1535	v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1536	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1537	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound), 2 ) )
1538	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1539	ENDDO
1540	ENDIF
1541	!
1542	!-- Potential temperature
1543	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1544	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1545	DO j = nys, nyn
1546	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1547	pt(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_r(0,k,j), &
1548	nest_offl%pt_r(1,k,j), &
1549	fac_dt )
1550	ENDDO
1551	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1552	ENDDO
1553	ELSE
1554	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1555	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_r(0,k,1), &
1556	nest_offl%pt_r(1,k,1), &
1557	fac_dt )
1558	ENDDO
1559	DO j = nys, nyn
1560	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1561	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1562	ENDDO
1563	ENDIF
1564	ENDIF
1565	!
1566	!-- Humidity
1567	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1568	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1569	DO j = nys, nyn
1570	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1571	q(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_r(0,k,j), &
1572	nest_offl%q_r(1,k,j), &
1573	fac_dt )
1574	ENDDO
1575	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1576	ENDDO
1577	ELSE
1578	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1579	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_r(0,k,1), &
1580	nest_offl%q_r(1,k,1), &
1581	fac_dt )
1582	ENDDO
1583	DO j = nys, nyn
1584	q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1585	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1586	ENDDO
1587	ENDIF
1588	ENDIF
1589	!
1590	!-- Chemistry
1591	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1592	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
1593	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(n) ) THEN
1594	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1595	DO j = nys, nyn
1596	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1597	chem_species(n)%conc(k,j,i_bound) = interpolate_in_time( &
1598	nest_offl%chem_r(0,k,j,n), &
1599	nest_offl%chem_r(1,k,j,n), &
1600	fac_dt )
1601	ENDDO
1602	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) &
1603	+ chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1604	ENDDO
1605	ELSE
1606	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1607	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%chem_r(0,k,1,n), &
1608	nest_offl%chem_r(1,k,1,n), &
1609	fac_dt )
1610	ENDDO
1611	DO j = nys, nyn
1612	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1613	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) &
1614	+ chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound)
1615	ENDDO
1616	ENDIF
1617	ENDIF
1618	ENDDO
1619	ENDIF
1620
1621	ENDIF
1622
1623	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
1624	!
1625	!-- v-component
1626	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1627	DO i = nxl, nxr
1628	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1629	v(k,j_bound_v,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_n(0,k,i), &
1630	nest_offl%v_n(1,k,i), &
1631	fac_dt ) * &
1632	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1633	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j_bound_v,i), 2 ) )
1634	ENDDO
1635	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i)
1636	ENDDO
1637	ELSE
1638	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1639	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_n(0,k,1), &
1640	nest_offl%v_n(1,k,1), &
1641	fac_dt )
1642	ENDDO
1643	DO i = nxl, nxr
1644	v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1645	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1646	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i), 2 ) )
1647	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i)
1648	ENDDO
1649	ENDIF
1650	!
1651	!-- w-component
1652	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1653	DO i = nxl, nxr
1654	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1655	w(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_n(0,k,i), &
1656	nest_offl%w_n(1,k,i), &
1657	fac_dt ) * &
1658	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1659	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j_bound,i), 3 ) )
1660	ENDDO
1661	w(nzt,j_bound,i) = w(nzt-1,j_bound,i)
1662	ENDDO
1663	ELSE
1664	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1665	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_n(0,k,1), &
1666	nest_offl%w_n(1,k,1), &
1667	fac_dt )
1668	ENDDO
1669	DO i = nxl, nxr
1670	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt-1) * &
1671	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1672	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,i), 3 ) )
1673	w(nzt,j_bound,i) = w(nzt-1,j_bound,i)
1674	ENDDO
1675	ENDIF
1676	!
1677	!-- u-component
1678	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1679	DO i = nxlu, nxr
1680	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1681	u(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_n(0,k,i), &
1682	nest_offl%u_n(1,k,i), &
1683	fac_dt ) * &
1684	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1685	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j_bound,i), 1 ) )
1686	ENDDO
1687	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1688	ENDDO
1689	ELSE
1690	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1691	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_n(0,k,1), &
1692	nest_offl%u_n(1,k,1), &
1693	fac_dt )
1694	ENDDO
1695	DO i = nxlu, nxr
1696	u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1697	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1698	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i), 1 ) )
1699	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1700	ENDDO
1701	ENDIF
1702	!
1703	!-- Potential temperature
1704	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1705	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1706	DO i = nxl, nxr
1707	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1708	pt(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_n(0,k,i), &
1709	nest_offl%pt_n(1,k,i), &
1710	fac_dt )
1711	ENDDO
1712	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1713	ENDDO
1714	ELSE
1715	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1716	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_n(0,k,1), &
1717	nest_offl%pt_n(1,k,1), &
1718	fac_dt )
1719	ENDDO
1720	DO i = nxl, nxr
1721	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1722	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1723	ENDDO
1724	ENDIF
1725	ENDIF
1726	!
1727	!-- Humidity
1728	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1729	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1730	DO i = nxl, nxr
1731	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1732	q(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_n(0,k,i), &
1733	nest_offl%q_n(1,k,i), &
1734	fac_dt )
1735	ENDDO
1736	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1737	ENDDO
1738	ELSE
1739	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1740	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_n(0,k,1), &
1741	nest_offl%q_n(1,k,1), &
1742	fac_dt )
1743	ENDDO
1744	DO i = nxl, nxr
1745	q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1746	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1747	ENDDO
1748	ENDIF
1749	ENDIF
1750	!
1751	!-- Chemistry
1752	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1753	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
1754	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(n) ) THEN
1755	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1756	DO i = nxl, nxr
1757	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1758	chem_species(n)%conc(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( &
1759	nest_offl%chem_n(0,k,i,n), &
1760	nest_offl%chem_n(1,k,i,n), &
1761	fac_dt )
1762	ENDDO
1763	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) &
1764	+ chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1765	ENDDO
1766	ELSE
1767	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1768	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%chem_n(0,k,1,n), &
1769	nest_offl%chem_n(1,k,1,n), &
1770	fac_dt )
1771	ENDDO
1772	DO i = nxl, nxr
1773	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1774	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) + &
1775	chem_species(n) &
1776	%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1777	ENDDO
1778	ENDIF
1779	ENDIF
1780	ENDDO
1781	ENDIF
1782	ENDIF
1783
1784	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
1785	!
1786	!-- v-component
1787	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1788	DO i = nxl, nxr
1789	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1790	v(k,j_bound_v,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_s(0,k,i), &
1791	nest_offl%v_s(1,k,i), &
1792	fac_dt ) * &
1793	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1794	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j_bound_v,i), 2 ) )
1795	ENDDO
1796	v(:,j_bound_v-1,i) = v(:,j_bound_v,i)
1797	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i)
1798	ENDDO
1799	ELSE
1800	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1801	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_s(0,k,1), &
1802	nest_offl%v_s(1,k,1), &
1803	fac_dt )
1804	ENDDO
1805	DO i = nxl, nxr
1806	v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1807	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1808	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i), 2 ) )
1809	v(:,j_bound_v-1,i) = v(:,j_bound_v,i)
1810	v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = v_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i)
1811	ENDDO
1812	ENDIF
1813	!
1814	!-- w-component
1815	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1816	DO i = nxl, nxr
1817	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1818	w(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_s(0,k,i), &
1819	nest_offl%w_s(1,k,i), &
1820	fac_dt ) * &
1821	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1822	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j_bound,i), 3 ) )
1823	ENDDO
1824	w(nzt,j_bound,i) = w(nzt-1,j_bound,i)
1825	ENDDO
1826	ELSE
1827	DO k = nzb+1, nzt-1
1828	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_s(0,k,1), &
1829	nest_offl%w_s(1,k,1), &
1830	fac_dt )
1831	ENDDO
1832	DO i = nxl, nxr
1833	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt-1) * &
1834	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1835	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,i), 3 ) )
1836	w(nzt,j_bound,i) = w(nzt-1,j_bound,i)
1837	ENDDO
1838	ENDIF
1839	!
1840	!-- u-component
1841	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1842	DO i = nxlu, nxr
1843	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1844	u(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_s(0,k,i), &
1845	nest_offl%u_s(1,k,i), &
1846	fac_dt ) * &
1847	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1848	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j_bound,i), 1 ) )
1849	ENDDO
1850	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1851	ENDDO
1852	ELSE
1853	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1854	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_s(0,k,1), &
1855	nest_offl%u_s(1,k,1), &
1856	fac_dt )
1857	ENDDO
1858	DO i = nxlu, nxr
1859	u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt) * &
1860	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1861	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i), 1 ) )
1862	u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = u_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1863	ENDDO
1864	ENDIF
1865	!
1866	!-- Potential temperature
1867	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
1868	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1869	DO i = nxl, nxr
1870	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1871	pt(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_s(0,k,i), &
1872	nest_offl%pt_s(1,k,i), &
1873	fac_dt )
1874	ENDDO
1875	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1876	ENDDO
1877	ELSE
1878	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1879	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_s(0,k,1), &
1880	nest_offl%pt_s(1,k,1), &
1881	fac_dt )
1882	ENDDO
1883	DO i = nxl, nxr
1884	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1885	pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = pt_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1886	ENDDO
1887	ENDIF
1888	ENDIF
1889	!
1890	!-- Humidity
1891	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1892	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1893	DO i = nxl, nxr
1894	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1895	q(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_s(0,k,i), &
1896	nest_offl%q_s(1,k,i), &
1897	fac_dt )
1898	ENDDO
1899	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1900	ENDDO
1901	ELSE
1902	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1903	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_s(0,k,1), &
1904	nest_offl%q_s(1,k,1), &
1905	fac_dt )
1906	ENDDO
1907	DO i = nxl, nxr
1908	q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1909	q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) = q_ref_l(nzb+1:nzt) + q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1910	ENDDO
1911	ENDIF
1912	ENDIF
1913	!
1914	!-- Chemistry
1915	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
1916	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
1917	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(n) ) THEN
1918	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1919	DO i = nxl, nxr
1920	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1921	chem_species(n)%conc(k,j_bound,i) = interpolate_in_time( &
1922	nest_offl%chem_s(0,k,i,n), &
1923	nest_offl%chem_s(1,k,i,n), &
1924	fac_dt )
1925	ENDDO
1926	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) &
1927	+ chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1928	ENDDO
1929	ELSE
1930	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1931	var_1d(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%chem_s(0,k,1,n), &
1932	nest_offl%chem_s(1,k,1,n), &
1933	fac_dt )
1934	ENDDO
1935	DO i = nxl, nxr
1936	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = var_1d(nzb+1:nzt)
1937	ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) = ref_chem_l(nzb+1:nzt,n) + &
1938	chem_species(n) &
1939	%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i)
1940	ENDDO
1941	ENDIF
1942	ENDIF
1943	ENDDO
1944	ENDIF
1945	ENDIF
1946	!
1947	!-- Top boundary
1948	!-- u-component
1949	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1950	DO i = nxlu, nxr
1951	DO j = nys, nyn
1952	u(nzt+1,j,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_top(0,j,i), &
1953	nest_offl%u_top(1,j,i), &
1954	fac_dt ) * &
1955	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzt+1,j,i), 1 ) )
1956	u_ref_l(nzt+1) = u_ref_l(nzt+1) + u(nzt+1,j,i)
1957	ENDDO
1958	ENDDO
1959	ELSE
1960	var_1d(nzt+1) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%u_top(0,1,1), &
1961	nest_offl%u_top(1,1,1), &
1962	fac_dt )
1963	u(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr) = var_1d(nzt+1) * &
1964	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1965	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr), 1 ) )
1966	u_ref_l(nzt+1) = u_ref_l(nzt+1) + SUM( u(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr) )
1967	ENDIF
1968	!
1969	!-- For left boundary set boundary condition for u-component also at top grid point.
1970	!-- Note, this has no effect on the numeric solution, only for data output.
1971	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) u(nzt+1,:,nxl) = u(nzt+1,:,nxlu)
1972	!
1973	!-- v-component
1974	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
1975	DO i = nxl, nxr
1976	DO j = nysv, nyn
1977	v(nzt+1,j,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_top(0,j,i), &
1978	nest_offl%v_top(1,j,i), &
1979	fac_dt ) * &
1980	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzt+1,j,i), 2 ) )
1981	v_ref_l(nzt+1) = v_ref_l(nzt+1) + v(nzt+1,j,i)
1982	ENDDO
1983	ENDDO
1984	ELSE
1985	var_1d(nzt+1) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%v_top(0,1,1), &
1986	nest_offl%v_top(1,1,1), &
1987	fac_dt )
1988	v(nzt+1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr) = var_1d(nzt+1) * &
1989	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1990	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzt+1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr), 2 ) )
1991	v_ref_l(nzt+1) = v_ref_l(nzt+1) + SUM( v(nzt+1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1992	ENDIF
1993	!
1994	!-- For south boundary set boundary condition for v-component also at top grid point.
1995	!-- Note, this has no effect on the numeric solution, only for data output.
1996	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) v(nzt+1,nys,:) = v(nzt+1,nysv,:)
1997	!
1998	!-- w-component
1999	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2000	DO i = nxl, nxr
2001	DO j = nys, nyn
2002	w(nzt,j,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_top(0,j,i), &
2003	nest_offl%w_top(1,j,i), &
2004	fac_dt ) * &
2005	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzt,j,i), 3 ) )
2006	w(nzt+1,j,i) = w(nzt,j,i)
2007	ENDDO
2008	ENDDO
2009	ELSE
2010	var_1d(nzt) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%w_top(0,1,1), &
2011	nest_offl%w_top(1,1,1), &
2012	fac_dt )
2013	w(nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = var_1d(nzt) * &
2014	MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
2015	BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), 3 ) )
2016	w(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = w(nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr)
2017	ENDIF
2018	!
2019	!-- Potential temperture
2020	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2021	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2022	DO i = nxl, nxr
2023	DO j = nys, nyn
2024	pt(nzt+1,j,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_top(0,j,i), &
2025	nest_offl%pt_top(1,j,i), &
2026	fac_dt )
2027	pt_ref_l(nzt+1) = pt_ref_l(nzt+1) + pt(nzt+1,j,i)
2028	ENDDO
2029	ENDDO
2030	ELSE
2031	var_1d(nzt+1) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%pt_top(0,1,1), &
2032	nest_offl%pt_top(1,1,1), &
2033	fac_dt )
2034	pt(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = var_1d(nzt+1)
2035	pt_ref_l(nzt+1) = pt_ref_l(nzt+1) + SUM( pt(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2036	ENDIF
2037	ENDIF
2038	!
2039	!-- humidity
2040	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2041	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2042	DO i = nxl, nxr
2043	DO j = nys, nyn
2044	q(nzt+1,j,i) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_top(0,j,i), &
2045	nest_offl%q_top(1,j,i), &
2046	fac_dt )
2047	q_ref_l(nzt+1) = q_ref_l(nzt+1) + q(nzt+1,j,i)
2048	ENDDO
2049	ENDDO
2050	ELSE
2051	var_1d(nzt+1) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%q_top(0,1,1), &
2052	nest_offl%q_top(1,1,1), &
2053	fac_dt )
2054	q(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = var_1d(nzt+1)
2055	q_ref_l(nzt+1) = q_ref_l(nzt+1) + SUM( q(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2056	ENDIF
2057	ENDIF
2058
2059	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2060	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2061	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) ) THEN
2062	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2063	DO i = nxl, nxr
2064	DO j = nys, nyn
2065	chem_species(n)%conc(nzt+1,j,i) = interpolate_in_time( &
2066	nest_offl%chem_top(0,j,i,n), &
2067	nest_offl%chem_top(1,j,i,n), &
2068	fac_dt )
2069	ref_chem_l(nzt+1,n) = ref_chem_l(nzt+1,n) + chem_species(n)%conc(nzt+1,j,i)
2070	ENDDO
2071	ENDDO
2072	ELSE
2073	var_1d(nzt+1) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%chem_top(0,1,1,n), &
2074	nest_offl%chem_top(1,1,1,n), &
2075	fac_dt )
2076	chem_species(n)%conc(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = var_1d(nzt+1)
2077	ref_chem_l(nzt+1,n) = ref_chem_l(nzt+1,n) + &
2078	SUM( chem_species(n)%conc(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2079	ENDIF
2080	ENDIF
2081	ENDDO
2082	ENDIF
2083	!
2084	!-- Moreover, set Neumann boundary condition for subgrid-scale TKE, passive scalar, dissipation, and
2085	!-- chemical species if required.
2086	IF ( rans_mode .AND. rans_tke_e ) THEN
2087	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) diss(:,:,nxl-1) = diss(:,:,nxl)
2088	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) diss(:,:,nxr+1) = diss(:,:,nxr)
2089	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) diss(:,nys-1,:) = diss(:,nys,:)
2090	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) diss(:,nyn+1,:) = diss(:,nyn,:)
2091	ENDIF
2092	! IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
2093	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) e(:,:,nxl-1) = e(:,:,nxl)
2094	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) e(:,:,nxr+1) = e(:,:,nxr)
2095	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) e(:,nys-1,:) = e(:,nys,:)
2096	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) e(:,nyn+1,:) = e(:,nyn,:)
2097	! e(nzt+1,:,:) = e(nzt,:,:)
2098	! ENDIF
2099	! IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
2100	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) s(:,:,nxl-1) = s(:,:,nxl)
2101	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) s(:,:,nxr+1) = s(:,:,nxr)
2102	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) s(:,nys-1,:) = s(:,nys,:)
2103	! IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) s(:,nyn+1,:) = s(:,nyn,:)
2104	! ENDIF
2105
2106	CALL exchange_horiz( u, nbgp )
2107	CALL exchange_horiz( v, nbgp )
2108	CALL exchange_horiz( w, nbgp )
2109	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) CALL exchange_horiz( pt, nbgp )
2110	IF ( humidity ) CALL exchange_horiz( q, nbgp )
2111	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2112	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2113	!
2114	!-- Do local exchange only when necessary, i.e. when data is coming from dynamic file.
2115	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) ) CALL exchange_horiz( chem_species(n)%conc, nbgp )
2116	ENDDO
2117	ENDIF
2118	!
2119	!-- Set top boundary condition at all horizontal grid points, also at the lateral boundary grid
2120	!-- points.
2121	w(nzt+1,:,:) = w(nzt,:,:)
2122	!
2123	!-- Offline nesting for salsa
2124	IF ( salsa ) CALL salsa_nesting_offl_bc
2125	!
2126	!-- Calculate the mean profiles. These are later stored on u_init, v_init, etc., in order to adjust
2127	!-- the Rayleigh damping under time-evolving atmospheric conditions accordingly - damping against
2128	!-- the representative mean profiles, not against the initial profiles. Note, in LOD = 1 case no
2129	!-- averaging is required.
2130	#if defined( __parallel )
2131	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( u_ref_l, u_ref, nzt+1-nzb+1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2132	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( v_ref_l, v_ref, nzt+1-nzb+1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2133	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2134	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( q_ref_l, q_ref, nzt+1-nzb+1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2135	ENDIF
2136	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2137	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( pt_ref_l, pt_ref, nzt+1-nzb+1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2138	ENDIF
2139	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2140	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ref_chem_l, ref_chem, ( nzt+1-nzb+1 ) * SIZE( ref_chem(nzb,:) ), &
2141	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2142	ENDIF
2143	#else
2144	u_ref = u_ref_l
2145	v_ref = v_ref_l
2146	IF ( humidity ) q_ref = q_ref_l
2147	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt_ref = pt_ref_l
2148	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) ref_chem = ref_chem_l
2149	#endif
2150	!
2151	!-- Average data. Note, reference profiles up to nzt are derived from lateral boundaries, at the
2152	!-- model top it is derived from the top boundary. Thus, number of input data is different from
2153	!-- nzb:nzt compared to nzt+1.
2154	!-- Derived from lateral boundaries.
2155	u_ref(nzb:nzt) = u_ref(nzb:nzt) / REAL( 2.0_wp * ( ny + 1 + nx ), KIND = wp )
2156	v_ref(nzb:nzt) = v_ref(nzb:nzt) / REAL( 2.0_wp * ( ny + nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2157	IF ( humidity ) &
2158	q_ref(nzb:nzt) = q_ref(nzb:nzt) / REAL( 2.0_wp * ( ny + 1 + nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2159	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) &
2160	pt_ref(nzb:nzt) = pt_ref(nzb:nzt) / REAL( 2.0_wp * ( ny + 1 + nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2161	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2162	ref_chem(nzb:nzt,:) = ref_chem(nzb:nzt,:) / REAL( 2.0_wp * ( ny + 1 + nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2163	!
2164	!-- Derived from top boundary.
2165	u_ref(nzt+1) = u_ref(nzt+1) / REAL( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx ), KIND = wp )
2166	v_ref(nzt+1) = v_ref(nzt+1) / REAL( ( ny ) * ( nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2167	IF ( humidity ) &
2168	q_ref(nzt+1) = q_ref(nzt+1) / REAL( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2169	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) &
2170	pt_ref(nzt+1) = pt_ref(nzt+1) / REAL( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ), KIND = wp )
2171	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2172	ref_chem(nzt+1,:) = ref_chem(nzt+1,:) / REAL( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ),KIND = wp )
2173	!
2174	!-- Write onto init profiles, which are used for damping. Also set lower boundary condition for
2175	!-- scalars (not required for u and v as these are zero at k=nzb).
2176	u_init = u_ref
2177	v_init = v_ref
2178	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2179	q_init = q_ref
2180	q_init(nzb) = q_init(nzb+1)
2181	ENDIF
2182	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2183	pt_init = pt_ref
2184	pt_init(nzb) = pt_init(nzb+1)
2185	ENDIF
2186
2187	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2188	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2189	IF ( nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) ) THEN
2190	chem_species(n)%conc_pr_init(:) = ref_chem(:,n)
2191	chem_species(n)%conc_pr_init(nzb) = chem_species(n)%conc_pr_init(nzb+1)
2192	ENDIF
2193	ENDDO
2194	ENDIF
2195	IF ( ALLOCATED( ref_chem ) ) DEALLOCATE( ref_chem )
2196	IF ( ALLOCATED( ref_chem_l ) ) DEALLOCATE( ref_chem_l )
2197	!
2198	!-- Further, adjust Rayleigh damping height in case of time-changing conditions.
2199	!-- Therefore, calculate boundary-layer depth first.
2200	CALL nesting_offl_calc_zi
2201	CALL adjust_sponge_layer
2202
2203	CALL cpu_log( log_point(58), 'offline nesting', 'stop' )
2204
2205	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) CALL debug_message( 'nesting_offl_bc', 'end' )
2206
2207
2208	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_bc
2209
2210	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2211	! Description:
2212	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2213	!> Update of the geostrophic wind components. Note, currently this routine is not invoked.
2214	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2215	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind
2216
2217	INTEGER(iwp) :: k
2218	!
2219	!-- Update geostrophic wind components from dynamic input file.
2220	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2221	ug(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%ug(0,k), nest_offl%ug(1,k), fac_dt )
2222	vg(k) = interpolate_in_time( nest_offl%vg(0,k), nest_offl%vg(1,k), fac_dt )
2223	ENDDO
2224	ug(nzt+1) = ug(nzt)
2225	vg(nzt+1) = vg(nzt)
2226
2227	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind
2228
2229	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2230	! Description:
2231	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2232	!> Determine the interpolation constant for time interpolation. The calculation is separated from
2233	!> the nesting_offl_bc and nesting_offl_geostrophic_wind in order to be independent on the order of
2234	!> calls.
2235	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2236	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_interpolation_factor
2237	!
2238	!-- Determine interpolation factor and limit it to 1. This is because t+dt can slightly exceed
2239	!-- time(tind_p) before boundary data is updated again.
2240	fac_dt = ( time_since_reference_point - nest_offl%time(nest_offl%tind) + dt_3d ) / &
2241	( nest_offl%time(nest_offl%tind_p) - nest_offl%time(nest_offl%tind) )
2242
2243	fac_dt = MIN( 1.0_wp, fac_dt )
2244
2245	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_interpolation_factor
2246
2247	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2248	! Description:
2249	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2250	!> Calculates the boundary-layer depth from the boundary data, according to bulk-Richardson
2251	!> criterion.
2252	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2253	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_calc_zi
2254
2255	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index in x-direction
2256	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index in y-direction
2257	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
2258	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_max_loc !< index of maximum wind speed along z-direction
2259	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_surface !< topography top index in z-direction
2260	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic !< number of non-cyclic boundaries, used for averaging ABL depth
2261	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l !< number of non-cyclic boundaries, used for averaging ABL depth
2262
2263	REAL(wp) :: ri_bulk !< bulk Richardson number
2264	REAL(wp) :: ri_bulk_crit = 0.25_wp !< critical bulk Richardson number
2265	REAL(wp) :: topo_max !< maximum topography level in model domain
2266	REAL(wp) :: topo_max_l !< maximum topography level in subdomain
2267	REAL(wp) :: vpt_surface !< near-surface virtual potential temperature
2268	REAL(wp) :: zi_l !< mean boundary-layer depth on subdomain
2269	REAL(wp) :: zi_local !< local boundary-layer depth
2270
2271	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: vpt_col !< vertical profile of virtual potential temperature at (j,i)-grid point
2272	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1) :: uv_abs !< vertical profile of horizontal wind speed at (j,i)-grid point
2273
2274
2275	!
2276	!-- Calculate mean boundary-layer height from boundary data.
2277	!-- Start with the left and right boundaries.
2278	zi_l = 0.0_wp
2279	num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l = 0
2280	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
2281	!
2282	!-- Sum-up and store number of boundary grid points used for averaging ABL depth
2283	num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l = num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l + nxr - nxl + 1
2284	!
2285	!-- Determine index along x. Please note, index indicates boundary grid point for scalars.
2286	i = MERGE( -1, nxr + 1, bc_dirichlet_l )
2287
2288	DO j = nys, nyn
2289	!
2290	!-- Determine topography top index at current (j,i) index
2291	k_surface = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
2292	!
2293	!-- Pre-compute surface virtual temperature. Therefore, use 2nd prognostic level according to
2294	!-- Heinze et al. (2017).
2295	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2296	vpt_surface = pt(k_surface+2,j,i) * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q(k_surface+2,j,i) )
2297	vpt_col = pt(:,j,i) * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q(:,j,i) )
2298	ELSE
2299	vpt_surface = pt(k_surface+2,j,i)
2300	vpt_col = pt(:,j,i)
2301	ENDIF
2302	!
2303	!-- Calculate local boundary layer height from bulk Richardson number, i.e. the height where
2304	!-- the bulk Richardson number exceeds its critical value of 0.25
2305	!-- (according to Heinze et al., 2017).
2306	!-- Note, no interpolation of u- and v-component is made, as both are mainly mean inflow
2307	!-- profiles with very small spatial variation.
2308	!-- Add a safety factor in case the velocity term becomes zero. This may happen if overhanging
2309	!-- 3D structures are directly located at the boundary, where velocity inside the building is
2310	!-- zero (k_surface is the index of the lowest upward-facing surface).
2311	uv_abs(:) = SQRT( MERGE( u(:,j,i+1), u(:,j,i), bc_dirichlet_l )2 + v(:,j,i)2 )
2312	!
2313	!-- Determine index of the maximum wind speed
2314	k_max_loc = MAXLOC( uv_abs(:), DIM = 1 ) - 1
2315
2316	zi_local = 0.0_wp
2317	DO k = k_surface+1, nzt
2318	ri_bulk = zu(k) * g / vpt_surface * &
2319	( vpt_col(k) - vpt_surface ) / ( uv_abs(k) + 1E-5_wp )
2320	!
2321	!-- Check if critical Richardson number is exceeded. Further, check if there is a maxium in
2322	!-- the wind profile in order to detect also ABL heights in the stable boundary layer.
2323	IF ( zi_local == 0.0_wp .AND. ( ri_bulk > ri_bulk_crit .OR. k == k_max_loc ) ) &
2324	zi_local = zu(k)
2325	ENDDO
2326	!
2327	!-- Assure that the minimum local boundary-layer depth is at least at the second vertical grid
2328	!-- level.
2329	zi_l = zi_l + MAX( zi_local, zu(k_surface+2) )
2330
2331	ENDDO
2332
2333	ENDIF
2334	!
2335	!-- Do the same at the north and south boundaries.
2336	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s .OR. bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
2337
2338	num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l = num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l + nxr - nxl + 1
2339
2340	j = MERGE( -1, nyn + 1, bc_dirichlet_s )
2341
2342	DO i = nxl, nxr
2343	k_surface = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
2344
2345	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2346	vpt_surface = pt(k_surface+2,j,i) * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q(k_surface+2,j,i) )
2347	vpt_col = pt(:,j,i) * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q(:,j,i) )
2348	ELSE
2349	vpt_surface = pt(k_surface+2,j,i)
2350	vpt_col = pt(:,j,i)
2351	ENDIF
2352
2353	uv_abs(:) = SQRT( u(:,j,i)2 + MERGE( v(:,j+1,i), v(:,j,i), bc_dirichlet_s )2 )
2354	!
2355	!-- Determine index of the maximum wind speed
2356	k_max_loc = MAXLOC( uv_abs(:), DIM = 1 ) - 1
2357
2358	zi_local = 0.0_wp
2359	DO k = k_surface+1, nzt
2360	ri_bulk = zu(k) * g / vpt_surface * &
2361	( vpt_col(k) - vpt_surface ) / ( uv_abs(k) + 1E-5_wp )
2362	!
2363	!-- Check if critical Richardson number is exceeded. Further, check if there is a maxium in
2364	!-- the wind profile in order to detect also ABL heights in the stable boundary layer.
2365	IF ( zi_local == 0.0_wp .AND. ( ri_bulk > ri_bulk_crit .OR. k == k_max_loc ) ) &
2366	zi_local = zu(k)
2367	ENDDO
2368	zi_l = zi_l + MAX( zi_local, zu(k_surface+2) )
2369
2370	ENDDO
2371
2372	ENDIF
2373
2374	#if defined( __parallel )
2375	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( zi_l, zi_ribulk, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2376	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l, num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic, &
2377	1, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2378	#else
2379	zi_ribulk = zi_l
2380	num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic = num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic_l
2381	#endif
2382	zi_ribulk = zi_ribulk / REAL( num_boundary_gp_non_cyclic, KIND = wp )
2383	!
2384	!-- Finally, check if boundary layer depth is not below the any topography.
2385	!-- zi_ribulk will be used to adjust rayleigh damping height, i.e. the lower level of the sponge
2386	!-- layer, as well as to adjust the synthetic turbulence generator accordingly. If Rayleigh damping
2387	!-- would be applied near buildings, etc., this would spoil the simulation results.
2388	topo_max_l = zw(MAXVAL( topo_top_ind(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr,0) ))
2389
2390	#if defined( __parallel )
2391	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( topo_max_l, topo_max, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr )
2392	#else
2393	topo_max = topo_max_l
2394	#endif
2395	! zi_ribulk = MAX( zi_ribulk, topo_max )
2396
2397	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_calc_zi
2398
2399
2400	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2401	! Description:
2402	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2403	!> Adjust the height where the rayleigh damping starts, i.e. the lower level of the sponge layer.
2404	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2405	SUBROUTINE adjust_sponge_layer
2406
2407	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< loop index in z-direction
2408
2409	REAL(wp) :: rdh !< updated Rayleigh damping height
2410
2411
2412	IF ( rayleigh_damping_height > 0.0_wp .AND. rayleigh_damping_factor > 0.0_wp ) THEN
2413	!
2414	!-- Update Rayleigh-damping height and re-calculate height-depending damping coefficients.
2415	!-- Assure that rayleigh damping starts well above the boundary layer.
2416	rdh = MIN( MAX( zi_ribulk * 1.3_wp, 10.0_wp * dz(1) ), &
2417	0.8_wp * zu(nzt), rayleigh_damping_height )
2418	!
2419	!-- Update Rayleigh damping factor
2420	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2421	IF ( zu(k) >= rdh ) THEN
2422	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
2423	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( zu(k) - rdh ) / ( zu(nzt) - rdh ) ) )**2
2424	ENDIF
2425	ENDDO
2426	rdf_sc = rdf
2427
2428	ENDIF
2429
2430	END SUBROUTINE adjust_sponge_layer
2431
2432	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2433	! Description:
2434	! ------------
2435	!> Performs consistency checks
2436	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2437	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_check_parameters
2438	!
2439	!-- Check if offline nesting is applied in nested child domain.
2440	IF ( nesting_offline .AND. child_domain ) THEN
2441	message_string = 'Offline nesting is only applicable in root model.'
2442	CALL message( 'offline_nesting_check_parameters', 'PA0622', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2443	ENDIF
2444
2445	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_check_parameters
2446
2447	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2448	! Description:
2449	! ------------
2450	!> Reads the parameter list nesting_offl_parameters
2451	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2452	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_parin
2453
2454	CHARACTER(LEN=100) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
2455	INTEGER(iwp) :: io_status !< status after reading the namelist file
2456
2457
2458	NAMELIST /nesting_offl_parameters/ nesting_offline
2459
2460	!
2461	!-- Move to the beginning of the namelist file and try to find and read the namelist.
2462	REWIND( 11 )
2463	READ( 11, nesting_offl_parameters, IOSTAT=io_status )
2464
2465	!
2466	!-- Action depending on the READ status
2467	IF ( io_status > 0 ) THEN
2468	!
2469	!-- nesting_offl_parameters namelist was found but contained errors. Print an error message
2470	!-- including the line that caused the problem.
2471	BACKSPACE( 11 )
2472	READ( 11 , '(A)' ) line
2473	CALL parin_fail_message( 'nesting_offl_parameters', line )
2474
2475	ENDIF
2476
2477	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_parin
2478
2479
2480	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2481	! Description:
2482	! ------------
2483	!> Writes information about offline nesting into HEADER file
2484	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2485	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_header ( io )
2486
2487	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
2488
2489	WRITE ( io, 1 )
2490	IF ( nesting_offline ) THEN
2491	WRITE ( io, 3 )
2492	ELSE
2493	WRITE ( io, 2 )
2494	ENDIF
2495
2496	1 FORMAT (//' Offline nesting in COSMO model:'/' -------------------------------'/)
2497	2 FORMAT (' --> No offlince nesting is used (default) ')
2498	3 FORMAT (' --> Offlince nesting is used. Boundary data is read from dynamic input file ')
2499
2500	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_header
2501
2502
2503	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2504	! Description:
2505	! ------------
2506	!> Allocate arrays used to read boundary data from NetCDF file and initialize boundary data.
2507	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2508	SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_init
2509
2510	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop index for x-direction
2511	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop index for y-direction
2512	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< running index for chemical species
2513
2514	!
2515	!-- Before arrays for the boundary data are allocated, the LOD of the dynamic input data at the
2516	!-- boundaries is read.
2517	#if defined ( __netcdf )
2518	!
2519	!-- Open file in read-only mode
2520	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
2521	!
2522	!-- Read attributes for LOD. In order to gurantee that also older drivers, where attribute is not
2523	!-- given, are working, do not abort the run but assume LOD2 forcing.
2524	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_east_pt, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_left_pt', .FALSE. )
2525	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_east_qv, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_left_qv', .FALSE. )
2526	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_east_u, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_left_u', .FALSE. )
2527	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_east_v, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_left_v', .FALSE. )
2528	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_east_w, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_left_w', .FALSE. )
2529
2530	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_north_pt, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_north_pt', .FALSE. )
2531	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_north_qv, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_north_qv', .FALSE. )
2532	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_north_u, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_north_u', .FALSE. )
2533	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_north_v, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_north_v', .FALSE. )
2534	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_north_w, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_north_w', .FALSE. )
2535
2536	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_south_pt, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_south_pt', .FALSE. )
2537	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_south_qv, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_south_qv', .FALSE. )
2538	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_south_u, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_south_u', .FALSE. )
2539	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_south_v, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_south_v', .FALSE. )
2540	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_south_w, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_south_w', .FALSE. )
2541
2542	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_west_pt, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_right_pt', .FALSE. )
2543	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_west_qv, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_right_qv', .FALSE. )
2544	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_west_u, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_right_u', .FALSE. )
2545	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_west_v, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_right_v', .FALSE. )
2546	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_west_w, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_right_w', .FALSE. )
2547
2548	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_top_pt, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_top_pt', .FALSE. )
2549	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_top_qv, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_top_qv', .FALSE. )
2550	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_top_u, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_top_u', .FALSE. )
2551	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_top_v, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_top_v', .FALSE. )
2552	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, nest_offl%lod_top_w, .FALSE., 'ls_forcing_top_w', .FALSE. )
2553
2554	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
2555	#endif
2556	!
2557	!-- Temporary workaround until most of the dynamic drivers contain a LOD attribute. So far INIFOR
2558	!-- did not provide the LOD attribute. In order to still use these older dynamic drivers, provide a
2559	!-- temporary workaround. If the LOD is not given, a NetCDF interal error will occur but the
2560	!-- simulation will not be aborted since the no_abort flag is passed. However, the respective
2561	!-- attribute value might be given an arbitrary number. Hence, check for valid LOD's and manually
2562	!-- set them to LOD 2 (as assumed so far). Note, this workaround should be removed later (date of
2563	!-- reference: 6. Oct. 2020).
2564	IF ( nest_offl%lod_east_pt /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_east_pt /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_east_pt = 2
2565	IF ( nest_offl%lod_east_qv /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_east_qv /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_east_qv = 2
2566	IF ( nest_offl%lod_east_u /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_east_u /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_east_u = 2
2567	IF ( nest_offl%lod_east_v /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_east_v /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_east_v = 2
2568	IF ( nest_offl%lod_east_w /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_east_w /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_east_w = 2
2569
2570	IF ( nest_offl%lod_north_pt /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_north_pt /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_north_pt = 2
2571	IF ( nest_offl%lod_north_qv /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_north_qv /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_north_qv = 2
2572	IF ( nest_offl%lod_north_u /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_north_u /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_north_u = 2
2573	IF ( nest_offl%lod_north_v /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_north_v /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_north_v = 2
2574	IF ( nest_offl%lod_north_w /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_north_w /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_north_w = 2
2575
2576	IF ( nest_offl%lod_south_pt /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_south_pt /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_south_pt = 2
2577	IF ( nest_offl%lod_south_qv /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_south_qv /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_south_qv = 2
2578	IF ( nest_offl%lod_south_u /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_south_u /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_south_u = 2
2579	IF ( nest_offl%lod_south_v /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_south_v /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_south_v = 2
2580	IF ( nest_offl%lod_south_w /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_south_w /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_south_w = 2
2581
2582	IF ( nest_offl%lod_west_pt /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_west_pt /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_west_pt = 2
2583	IF ( nest_offl%lod_west_qv /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_west_qv /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_west_qv = 2
2584	IF ( nest_offl%lod_west_u /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_west_u /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_west_u = 2
2585	IF ( nest_offl%lod_west_v /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_west_v /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_west_v = 2
2586	IF ( nest_offl%lod_west_w /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_west_w /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_west_w = 2
2587
2588	IF ( nest_offl%lod_top_pt /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_top_pt /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_top_pt = 2
2589	IF ( nest_offl%lod_top_qv /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_top_qv /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_top_qv = 2
2590	IF ( nest_offl%lod_top_u /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_top_u /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_top_u = 2
2591	IF ( nest_offl%lod_top_v /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_top_v /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_top_v = 2
2592	IF ( nest_offl%lod_top_w /= 1 .AND. nest_offl%lod_top_w /= 2 ) nest_offl%lod_top_w = 2
2593	!
2594	!-- For consistency, check if all boundary input variables have the same LOD.
2595	IF ( MAX( nest_offl%lod_east_pt, nest_offl%lod_east_qv, nest_offl%lod_east_u, &
2596	nest_offl%lod_east_v, nest_offl%lod_east_w, &
2597	nest_offl%lod_north_pt, nest_offl%lod_north_qv, nest_offl%lod_north_u, &
2598	nest_offl%lod_north_v, nest_offl%lod_north_w, &
2599	nest_offl%lod_south_pt, nest_offl%lod_south_qv, nest_offl%lod_south_u, &
2600	nest_offl%lod_south_v, nest_offl%lod_south_w, &
2601	nest_offl%lod_north_pt, nest_offl%lod_north_qv, nest_offl%lod_north_u, &
2602	nest_offl%lod_north_v, nest_offl%lod_north_w, &
2603	nest_offl%lod_top_pt, nest_offl%lod_top_qv, nest_offl%lod_top_u, &
2604	nest_offl%lod_top_v, nest_offl%lod_top_w ) &
2605	/= &
2606	MIN( nest_offl%lod_east_pt, nest_offl%lod_east_qv, nest_offl%lod_east_u, &
2607	nest_offl%lod_east_v, nest_offl%lod_east_w, &
2608	nest_offl%lod_north_pt, nest_offl%lod_north_qv, nest_offl%lod_north_u, &
2609	nest_offl%lod_north_v, nest_offl%lod_north_w, &
2610	nest_offl%lod_south_pt, nest_offl%lod_south_qv, nest_offl%lod_south_u, &
2611	nest_offl%lod_south_v, nest_offl%lod_south_w, &
2612	nest_offl%lod_north_pt, nest_offl%lod_north_qv, nest_offl%lod_north_u, &
2613	nest_offl%lod_north_v, nest_offl%lod_north_w, &
2614	nest_offl%lod_top_pt, nest_offl%lod_top_qv, nest_offl%lod_top_u, &
2615	nest_offl%lod_top_v, nest_offl%lod_top_w ) ) THEN
2616	message_string = 'A mixture of different LOD for the provided boundary data is not ' // &
2617	'possible.'
2618	CALL message( 'nesting_offl_init', 'PA0504', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2619	ENDIF
2620	!
2621	!-- As all LODs are the same, store it.
2622	lod = nest_offl%lod_east_u
2623	!
2624	!-- Allocate arrays for geostrophic wind components. Arrays will incorporate 2 time levels in order
2625	!-- to interpolate in between.
2626	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%ug(0:1,1:nzt) )
2627	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%vg(0:1,1:nzt) )
2628	!
2629	!-- Set index range according to the given LOD in order to allocate the input arrays.
2630	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
2631	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2632	j_start = nys
2633	j_start_v = nysv
2634	j_end = nyn
2635	ELSE
2636	j_start = 1
2637	j_start_v = 1
2638	j_end = 1
2639	ENDIF
2640	ENDIF
2641
2642	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n .OR. bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
2643	IF( lod == 2 ) THEN
2644	i_start = nxl
2645	i_start_u = nxlu
2646	i_end = nxr
2647	ELSE
2648	i_start = 1
2649	i_start_u = 1
2650	i_end = 1
2651	ENDIF
2652	ENDIF
2653	!
2654	!-- Allocate arrays for reading left/right boundary values. Arrays will incorporate 2 time levels in
2655	!-- order to interpolate in between. Depending on the given LOD, the x-, or y-dimension will be
2656	!-- either nxl:nxr, or nys:nyn (for LOD=2), or it reduces to one element for LOD=1. If the core has
2657	!-- no lateral boundary, allocate a dummy array as well, in order to enable netcdf parallel access.
2658	!-- Dummy arrays will be allocated with dimension length zero.
2659	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
2660	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_l(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end) )
2661	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_l(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start_v:j_end) )
2662	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_l(0:1,nzb+1:nzt-1,j_start:j_end) )
2663	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_l(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end) )
2664	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_l(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end) )
2665	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2666	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_l(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2667	ELSE
2668	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_l(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2669	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_l(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2670	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_l(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2671	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_l(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2672	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_l(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2673	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2674	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_l(1:1,1:1,1:1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2675	ENDIF
2676	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
2677	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_r(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end) )
2678	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_r(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start_v:j_end) )
2679	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_r(0:1,nzb+1:nzt-1,j_start:j_end) )
2680	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_r(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end) )
2681	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_r(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end) )
2682	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2683	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_r(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,j_start:j_end,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2684	ELSE
2685	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_r(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2686	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_r(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2687	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_r(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2688	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_r(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2689	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_r(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2690	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2691	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_r(1:1,1:1,1:1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2692	ENDIF
2693	!
2694	!-- Allocate arrays for reading north/south boundary values. Arrays will incorporate 2 time levels
2695	!-- in order to interpolate in between. If the core has no boundary, allocate a dummy array, in
2696	!-- order to enable netcdf parallel access. Dummy arrays will be allocated with dimension length
2697	!-- zero.
2698	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
2699	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_n(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start_u:i_end) )
2700	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_n(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end) )
2701	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_n(0:1,nzb+1:nzt-1,i_start:i_end) )
2702	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_n(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end) )
2703	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_n(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end) )
2704	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2705	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_n(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2706	ELSE
2707	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_n(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2708	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_n(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2709	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_n(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2710	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_n(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2711	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_n(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2712	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2713	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_n(1:1,1:1,1:1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2714	ENDIF
2715	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
2716	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_s(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start_u:i_end) )
2717	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_s(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end) )
2718	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_s(0:1,nzb+1:nzt-1,i_start:i_end) )
2719	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_s(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end) )
2720	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_s(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end) )
2721	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2722	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_s(0:1,nzb+1:nzt,i_start:i_end,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2723	ELSE
2724	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_s(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2725	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_s(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2726	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_s(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2727	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_s(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2728	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_s(1:1,1:1,1:1) )
2729	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2730	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_s(1:1,1:1,1:1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2731	ENDIF
2732	!
2733	!-- Allocate arrays for reading data at the top boundary. In contrast to the lateral boundaries,
2734	!-- each core reads these data so that no dummy arrays need to be allocated.
2735	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2736	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr) )
2737	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_top(0:1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2738	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2739	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2740	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
2741	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2742	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_top(0:1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2743	ELSE
2744	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%u_top(0:1,1:1,1:1) )
2745	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%v_top(0:1,1:1,1:1) )
2746	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%w_top(0:1,1:1,1:1) )
2747	IF ( humidity ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%q_top(0:1,1:1,1:1) )
2748	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) ALLOCATE( nest_offl%pt_top(0:1,1:1,1:1) )
2749	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) &
2750	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_top(0:1,1:1,1:1,1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2751	ENDIF
2752	!
2753	!-- For chemical species, create the names of the variables. This is necessary to identify the
2754	!-- respective variable and write it onto the correct array in the chem_species datatype.
2755	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2756	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2757	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2758	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2759	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2760	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2761
2762	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%var_names_chem_l(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2763	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%var_names_chem_n(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2764	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%var_names_chem_r(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2765	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%var_names_chem_s(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2766	ALLOCATE( nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(1:UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )) )
2767	!
2768	!-- Initialize flags that indicate whether the variable is on file or not. Please note, this is
2769	!-- only necessary for chemistry variables.
2770	nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(:) = .FALSE.
2771	nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(:) = .FALSE.
2772	nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(:) = .FALSE.
2773	nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(:) = .FALSE.
2774	nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(:) = .FALSE.
2775
2776	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2777	nest_offl%var_names_chem_l(n) = nest_offl%char_l // TRIM(chem_species(n)%name)
2778	nest_offl%var_names_chem_n(n) = nest_offl%char_n // TRIM(chem_species(n)%name)
2779	nest_offl%var_names_chem_r(n) = nest_offl%char_r // TRIM(chem_species(n)%name)
2780	nest_offl%var_names_chem_s(n) = nest_offl%char_s // TRIM(chem_species(n)%name)
2781	nest_offl%var_names_chem_t(n) = nest_offl%char_t // TRIM(chem_species(n)%name)
2782	ENDDO
2783	ENDIF
2784	!
2785	!-- Offline nesting for salsa
2786	IF ( salsa ) CALL salsa_nesting_offl_init
2787	!
2788	!-- Before initial data input is initiated, check if dynamic input file is present.
2789	IF ( .NOT. input_pids_dynamic ) THEN
2790	message_string = 'nesting_offline = .TRUE. requires dynamic ' // &
2791	'input file ' // TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // TRIM( coupling_char )
2792	CALL message( 'nesting_offl_init', 'PA0546', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2793	ENDIF
2794	!
2795	!-- Read COSMO data at lateral and top boundaries
2796	CALL nesting_offl_input
2797	!
2798	!-- Check if sufficient time steps are provided to cover the entire simulation. Note, dynamic input
2799	!-- is only required for the 3D simulation, not for the soil/wall spinup. However, as the spinup
2800	!-- time is added to the end_time, this must be considered here.
2801	IF ( end_time - spinup_time > nest_offl%time(nest_offl%nt-1) ) THEN
2802	message_string = 'end_time of the simulation exceeds the ' // &
2803	'time dimension in the dynamic input file.'
2804	CALL message( 'nesting_offl_init', 'PA0183', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2805	ENDIF
2806	!
2807	!-- Set indicies for boundary grid points
2808	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l .OR. bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
2809	i_bound = MERGE( nxl - 1, nxr + 1, bc_dirichlet_l )
2810	i_bound_u = MERGE( nxlu - 1, nxr + 1, bc_dirichlet_l )
2811	ENDIF
2812	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n .OR. bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
2813	j_bound = MERGE( nys - 1, nyn + 1, bc_dirichlet_s )
2814	j_bound_v = MERGE( nysv - 1, nyn + 1, bc_dirichlet_s )
2815	ENDIF
2816	!
2817	!-- Initialize boundary data. Please note, do not initialize boundaries in case of restart runs.
2818	!-- This case the boundaries are already initialized and the boundary data from file would be on the
2819	!-- wrong time level.
2820	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
2821	!
2822	!-- Distinguish between LOD = 1 and LOD = 2 inititialization
2823	IF ( lod == 2 ) THEN
2824	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
2825	u(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound_u) = nest_offl%u_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn)
2826	v(nzb+1:nzt,nysv:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%v_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,nysv:nyn)
2827	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,nys:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%w_l(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,nys:nyn)
2828	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%pt_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn)
2829	IF ( humidity ) q(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%q_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn)
2830	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2831	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2832	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(n) ) THEN
2833	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound) = &
2834	nest_offl%chem_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,n)
2835	ENDIF
2836	ENDDO
2837	ENDIF
2838	ENDIF
2839	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
2840	u(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound_u) = nest_offl%u_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn)
2841	v(nzb+1:nzt,nysv:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%v_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,nysv:nyn)
2842	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,nys:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%w_r(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,nys:nyn)
2843	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%pt_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn)
2844	IF ( humidity ) q(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound) = nest_offl%q_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn)
2845	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2846	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2847	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(n) ) THEN
2848	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,i_bound) = &
2849	nest_offl%chem_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,n)
2850	ENDIF
2851	ENDDO
2852	ENDIF
2853	ENDIF
2854
2855	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n) THEN
2856	u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxlu:nxr) = nest_offl%u_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxlu:nxr)
2857	v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%v_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr)
2858	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%w_n(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,nxl:nxr)
2859	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%pt_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr)
2860	IF ( humidity ) q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%q_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr)
2861	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2862	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2863	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(n) ) THEN
2864	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = &
2865	nest_offl%chem_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr,n)
2866	ENDIF
2867	ENDDO
2868	ENDIF
2869	ENDIF
2870	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s) THEN
2871	u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxlu:nxr) = nest_offl%u_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxlu:nxr)
2872	v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%v_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr)
2873	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%w_s(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,nxl:nxr)
2874	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%pt_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr)
2875	IF ( humidity ) q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%q_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr)
2876	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2877	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2878	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(n) ) THEN
2879	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,nxl:nxr) = &
2880	nest_offl%chem_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,nxl:nxr,n)
2881	ENDIF
2882	ENDDO
2883	ENDIF
2884	ENDIF
2885
2886	u(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr) = nest_offl%u_top(0,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr)
2887	v(nzt+1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%v_top(0,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr)
2888	w(nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%w_top(0,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr)
2889	w(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%w_top(0,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr)
2890	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%pt_top(0,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr)
2891	IF ( humidity ) q(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%q_top(0,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr)
2892	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2893	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2894	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) ) THEN
2895	chem_species(n)%conc(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = &
2896	nest_offl%chem_top(0,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr,n)
2897	ENDIF
2898	ENDDO
2899	ENDIF
2900	!
2901	!-- LOD 1
2902	ELSE
2903	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
2904	DO j = nys, nyn
2905	u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u) = nest_offl%u_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2906	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%w_l(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,1)
2907	ENDDO
2908	DO j = nysv, nyn
2909	v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%v_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2910	ENDDO
2911	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2912	DO j = nys, nyn
2913	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%pt_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2914	ENDDO
2915	ENDIF
2916	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2917	DO j = nys, nyn
2918	q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%q_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2919	ENDDO
2920	ENDIF
2921	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2922	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2923	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_l(n) ) THEN
2924	DO j = nys, nyn
2925	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = &
2926	nest_offl%chem_l(0,nzb+1:nzt,1,n)
2927	ENDDO
2928	ENDIF
2929	ENDDO
2930	ENDIF
2931	ENDIF
2932	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
2933	DO j = nys, nyn
2934	u(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound_u) = nest_offl%u_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2935	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%w_r(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,1)
2936	ENDDO
2937	DO j = nysv, nyn
2938	v(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%v_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2939	ENDDO
2940	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2941	DO j = nys, nyn
2942	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%pt_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2943	ENDDO
2944	ENDIF
2945	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2946	DO j = nys, nyn
2947	q(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = nest_offl%q_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2948	ENDDO
2949	ENDIF
2950	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2951	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2952	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_r(n) ) THEN
2953	DO j = nys, nyn
2954	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j,i_bound) = &
2955	nest_offl%chem_r(0,nzb+1:nzt,1,n)
2956	ENDDO
2957	ENDIF
2958	ENDDO
2959	ENDIF
2960	ENDIF
2961	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
2962	DO i = nxlu, nxr
2963	u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%u_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2964	ENDDO
2965	DO i = nxl, nxr
2966	v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i) = nest_offl%v_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2967	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%w_n(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,1)
2968	ENDDO
2969	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2970	DO i = nxl, nxr
2971	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%pt_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2972	ENDDO
2973	ENDIF
2974	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2975	DO i = nxl, nxr
2976	q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%q_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2977	ENDDO
2978	ENDIF
2979	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
2980	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
2981	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_n(n) ) THEN
2982	DO i = nxl, nxr
2983	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = &
2984	nest_offl%chem_n(0,nzb+1:nzt,1,n)
2985	ENDDO
2986	ENDIF
2987	ENDDO
2988	ENDIF
2989	ENDIF
2990	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
2991	DO i = nxlu, nxr
2992	u(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%u_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2993	ENDDO
2994	DO i = nxl, nxr
2995	v(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound_v,i) = nest_offl%v_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
2996	w(nzb+1:nzt-1,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%w_s(0,nzb+1:nzt-1,1)
2997	ENDDO
2998	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
2999	DO i = nxl, nxr
3000	pt(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%pt_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
3001	ENDDO
3002	ENDIF
3003	IF ( humidity ) THEN
3004	DO i = nxl, nxr
3005	q(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = nest_offl%q_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,1)
3006	ENDDO
3007	ENDIF
3008	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
3009	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
3010	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_s(n) ) THEN
3011	DO i = nxl, nxr
3012	chem_species(n)%conc(nzb+1:nzt,j_bound,i) = &
3013	nest_offl%chem_s(0,nzb+1:nzt,1,n)
3014	ENDDO
3015	ENDIF
3016	ENDDO
3017	ENDIF
3018	ENDIF
3019
3020	u(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxlu:nxr) = nest_offl%u_top(0,1,1)
3021	v(nzt+1,nysv:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%v_top(0,1,1)
3022	w(nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%w_top(0,1,1)
3023	w(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%w_top(0,1,1)
3024	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) pt(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%pt_top(0,1,1)
3025	IF ( humidity ) q(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%q_top(0,1,1)
3026	IF ( air_chemistry .AND. nesting_offline_chem ) THEN
3027	DO n = 1, UBOUND( chem_species, 1 )
3028	IF( nest_offl%chem_from_file_t(n) ) THEN
3029	chem_species(n)%conc(nzt+1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) = nest_offl%chem_top(0,1,1,n)
3030	ENDIF
3031	ENDDO
3032	ENDIF
3033	ENDIF
3034	!
3035	!-- In case of offline nesting the pressure forms itself based on the prescribed lateral
3036	!-- boundary conditions. Hence, explicit forcing by pressure gradients via geostrophic wind
3037	!-- components is not necessary and would be canceled out by the perturbation pressure otherwise.
3038	!-- For this reason, set geostrophic wind components to zero.
3039	ug(nzb+1:nzt) = 0.0_wp
3040	vg(nzb+1:nzt) = 0.0_wp
3041
3042	ENDIF
3043	!
3044	!-- After boundary data is initialized, mask topography at the boundaries for the velocity
3045	!-- components.
3046	u = MERGE( u, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0, 1 ) )
3047	v = MERGE( v, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0, 2 ) )
3048	w = MERGE( w, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_total_0, 3 ) )
3049	!
3050	!-- Initial calculation of the boundary layer depth from the prescribed boundary data. This is
3051	!-- required for initialize the synthetic turbulence generator correctly.
3052	CALL nesting_offl_calc_zi
3053	!
3054	!-- After boundary data is initialized, ensure mass conservation. Not necessary in restart runs.
3055	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
3056	CALL nesting_offl_mass_conservation
3057	ENDIF
3058
3059	END SUBROUTINE nesting_offl_init
3060
3061	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3062	! Description:
3063	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3064	!> Interpolation function, used to interpolate boundary data in time.
3065	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3066	FUNCTION interpolate_in_time( var_t1, var_t2, fac )
3067
3068	REAL(wp) :: fac !< interpolation factor
3069	REAL(wp) :: interpolate_in_time !< time-interpolated boundary value
3070	REAL(wp) :: var_t1 !< boundary value at t1
3071	REAL(wp) :: var_t2 !< boundary value at t2
3072
3073	interpolate_in_time = ( 1.0_wp - fac ) * var_t1 + fac * var_t2
3074
3075	END FUNCTION interpolate_in_time
3076
3077
3078
3079	END MODULE nesting_offl_mod

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