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1	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
2
3	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
4	! Current revisions:
5	! -----------------
6	!
7	!
8	! Former revisions:
9	! -----------------
10	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 850 2012-03-15 12:09:25Z raasch $
11	!
12	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
13	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
14	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
15	! advec_particles),
16	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
17	!
18	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
19	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
20	!
21	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
22	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
23	! array particles implemented as pointer
24	!
25	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
26	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
27	! of arrays.
28	!
29	! 622 2010-12-10 08:08:13Z raasch
30	! optional barriers included in order to speed up collective operations
31	!
32	! 336 2009-06-10 11:19:35Z raasch
33	! Maximum number of tails is calculated from maximum number of particles and
34	! skip_particles_for_tail,
35	! output of messages replaced by message handling routine
36	! Bugfix: arrays for tails are allocated with a minimum size of 10 tails if
37	! there is no tail initially
38	!
39	! 150 2008-02-29 08:19:58Z raasch
40	! Setting offset_ocean_* needed for calculating vertical indices within ocean
41	! runs
42	!
43	! 117 2007-10-11 03:27:59Z raasch
44	! Sorting of particles only in case of cloud droplets
45	!
46	! 106 2007-08-16 14:30:26Z raasch
47	! variable iran replaced by iran_part
48	!
49	! 82 2007-04-16 15:40:52Z raasch
50	! Preprocessor directives for old systems removed
51	!
52	! 70 2007-03-18 23:46:30Z raasch
53	! displacements for mpi_particle_type changed, age_m initialized,
54	! particles-package is now part of the default code
55	!
56	! 16 2007-02-15 13:16:47Z raasch
57	! Bugfix: MPI_REAL in MPI_ALLREDUCE replaced by MPI_INTEGER
58	!
59	! r4 \| raasch \| 2007-02-13 12:33:16 +0100 (Tue, 13 Feb 2007)
60	! RCS Log replace by Id keyword, revision history cleaned up
61	!
62	! Revision 1.24 2007/02/11 13:00:17 raasch
63	! Bugfix: allocation of tail_mask and new_tail_id in case of restart-runs
64	! Bugfix: __ was missing in a cpp-directive
65	!
66	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
67	! Initial revision
68	!
69	!
70	! Description:
71	! ------------
72	! This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
73	! radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
74	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
75
76	USE arrays_3d
77	USE cloud_parameters
78	USE control_parameters
79	USE dvrp_variables
80	USE grid_variables
81	USE indices
82	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod
83	USE particle_attributes
84	USE pegrid
85	USE random_function_mod
86
87
88	IMPLICIT NONE
89
90	INTEGER :: i, j, n, nn
91	#if defined( __parallel )
92	INTEGER, DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths, displacements, types
93	#endif
94	LOGICAL :: uniform_particles_l
95	REAL :: factor, pos_x, pos_y, pos_z, value
96
97
98	#if defined( __parallel )
99	!
100	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
101	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
102	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 4; blocklengths(3) = 1
103	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 168
104
105	types(1) = MPI_REAL
106	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
107	types(3) = MPI_UB
108	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
109	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
110	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
111	#endif
112
113	!
114	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
115	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
116	IF ( ocean ) THEN
117	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
118	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
119	ENDIF
120
121
122	!
123	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
124	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
125	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
126	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
127	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
128	max_number_of_particle_groups
129	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
130	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
131	ENDIF
132
133	!
134	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
135	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9 ) psl(1) = -0.5 * dx
136	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9 ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5 ) * dx
137	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9 ) pss(1) = -0.5 * dy
138	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9 ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5 ) * dy
139	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9 ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
140	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9 ) pst(1) = psb(1)
141
142	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9 .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0 ) pdx(1) = dx
143	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9 .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0 ) pdy(1) = dy
144	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9 .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0 ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
145
146	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
147	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9 ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
148	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9 ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
149	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9 ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
150	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9 ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
151	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9 ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
152	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9 ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
153	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9 .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0 ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
154	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9 .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0 ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
155	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9 .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0 ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
156	ENDDO
157
158	!
159	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
160	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
161	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
162	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
163	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
164	ENDIF
165
166	!
167	!-- Initialize collision kernels
168	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
169
170	!
171	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
172	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
173	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
174	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
175
176	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
177
178	ELSE
179
180	!
181	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
182	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
183	!-- Also allocate array for particle tail coordinates, if needed.
184	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
185	prt_start_index(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
186	particle_mask(maximum_number_of_particles), &
187	part_1(maximum_number_of_particles), &
188	part_2(maximum_number_of_particles) )
189
190	particles => part_1
191
192	sort_count = 0
193
194	!
195	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
196	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
197	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
198	particles = particle_type( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, &
199	0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, &
200	0.0, 0, 0, 0, 0 )
201	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 )
202
203	!
204	!-- Set the default particle size used for dvrp plots
205	IF ( dvrp_psize == 9999999.9 ) dvrp_psize = 0.2 * dx
206
207	!
208	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
209	!-- groups, if necessary
210	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9 ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0
211	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9 ) radius(1) = 0.0
212	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
213	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9 ) THEN
214	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
215	ENDIF
216	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9 ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
217	ENDDO
218
219	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
220	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0 .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
221	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
222	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
223	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
224	ENDIF
225	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
226	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
227	ENDDO
228
229	!
230	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
231	!-- particle is situated on this PE
232	n = 0
233
234	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
235
236	pos_z = psb(i)
237
238	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
239
240	pos_y = pss(i)
241
242	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
243
244	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5 ) * dy .AND. &
245	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5 ) * dy ) THEN
246
247	pos_x = psl(i)
248
249	DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
250
251	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5 ) * dx .AND. &
252	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5 ) * dx ) THEN
253
254	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
255
256	n = n + 1
257	IF ( n > maximum_number_of_particles ) THEN
258	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'number of initial', &
259	'particles (', n, ') exceeds', &
260	'&maximum_number_of_particles (', &
261	maximum_number_of_particles, ') on PE ', &
262	myid
263	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0216', 2, 2, -1, 6,&
264	1 )
265	ENDIF
266	particles(n)%x = pos_x
267	particles(n)%y = pos_y
268	particles(n)%z = pos_z
269	particles(n)%age = 0.0
270	particles(n)%age_m = 0.0
271	particles(n)%dt_sum = 0.0
272	particles(n)%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
273	particles(n)%e_m = 0.0
274	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
275	!
276	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
277	!-- for Rosenbrock method
278	particles(n)%rvar1 = 1.0E-12
279	particles(n)%rvar2 = 1.0E-3
280	particles(n)%rvar3 = -9999999.9
281	ELSE
282	!
283	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
284	particles(n)%rvar1 = 0.0
285	particles(n)%rvar2 = 0.0
286	particles(n)%rvar3 = 0.0
287	ENDIF
288	particles(n)%speed_x = 0.0
289	particles(n)%speed_y = 0.0
290	particles(n)%speed_z = 0.0
291	particles(n)%origin_x = pos_x
292	particles(n)%origin_y = pos_y
293	particles(n)%origin_z = pos_z
294	particles(n)%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
295	particles(n)%weight_factor =initial_weighting_factor
296	particles(n)%class = 1
297	particles(n)%group = i
298	particles(n)%tailpoints = 0
299	IF ( use_particle_tails .AND. &
300	MOD( n, skip_particles_for_tail ) == 0 ) THEN
301	number_of_tails = number_of_tails + 1
302	!
303	!-- This is a temporary provisional setting (see
304	!-- further below!)
305	particles(n)%tail_id = number_of_tails
306	ELSE
307	particles(n)%tail_id = 0
308	ENDIF
309
310	ENDDO
311
312	ENDIF
313
314	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
315
316	ENDDO
317
318	ENDIF
319
320	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
321
322	ENDDO
323
324	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
325
326	ENDDO
327
328	ENDDO
329
330	number_of_initial_particles = n
331	number_of_particles = n
332
333	!
334	!-- Calculate the number of particles and tails of the total domain
335	#if defined( __parallel )
336	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
337	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
338	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
339	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
340	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_tails, total_number_of_tails, 1, &
341	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
342	#else
343	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
344	total_number_of_tails = number_of_tails
345	#endif
346
347	!
348	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
349	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
350	!-- different on the different PEs.
351	iran_part = iran_part + myid
352
353	!
354	!-- User modification of initial particles
355	CALL user_lpm_init
356
357	!
358	!-- Store the initial set of particles for release at later times
359	IF ( number_of_initial_particles /= 0 ) THEN
360	ALLOCATE( initial_particles(1:number_of_initial_particles) )
361	initial_particles(1:number_of_initial_particles) = &
362	particles(1:number_of_initial_particles)
363	ENDIF
364
365	!
366	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
367	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
368
369	DO n = 1, number_of_initial_particles
370	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
371	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
372	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5 ) * &
373	pdx(particles(n)%group)
374	IF ( particles(n)%x <= ( nxl - 0.5 ) * dx ) THEN
375	particles(n)%x = ( nxl - 0.4999999999 ) * dx
376	ELSEIF ( particles(n)%x >= ( nxr + 0.5 ) * dx ) THEN
377	particles(n)%x = ( nxr + 0.4999999999 ) * dx
378	ENDIF
379	ENDIF
380	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
381	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
382	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5 ) * &
383	pdy(particles(n)%group)
384	IF ( particles(n)%y <= ( nys - 0.5 ) * dy ) THEN
385	particles(n)%y = ( nys - 0.4999999999 ) * dy
386	ELSEIF ( particles(n)%y >= ( nyn + 0.5 ) * dy ) THEN
387	particles(n)%y = ( nyn + 0.4999999999 ) * dy
388	ENDIF
389	ENDIF
390	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
391	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
392	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5 ) * &
393	pdz(particles(n)%group)
394	ENDIF
395	ENDDO
396	ENDIF
397
398	!
399	!-- Sort particles in the sequence the gridboxes are stored in the memory.
400	!-- Only required if cloud droplets are used.
401	IF ( cloud_droplets ) CALL lpm_sort_arrays
402
403	!
404	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
405	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
406	CALL check_open( 80 )
407	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
408	number_of_initial_particles, &
409	maximum_number_of_particles
410	CALL close_file( 80 )
411	ENDIF
412
413	!
414	!-- Check if particles are really uniform in color and radius (dvrp_size)
415	!-- (uniform_particles is preset TRUE)
416	IF ( uniform_particles ) THEN
417	IF ( number_of_initial_particles == 0 ) THEN
418	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
419	ELSE
420	n = number_of_initial_particles
421	IF ( MINVAL( particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) == &
422	MAXVAL( particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) .AND. &
423	MINVAL( particles(1:n)%class ) == &
424	MAXVAL( particles(1:n)%class ) ) THEN
425	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
426	ELSE
427	uniform_particles_l = .FALSE.
428	ENDIF
429	ENDIF
430
431	#if defined( __parallel )
432	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
433	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( uniform_particles_l, uniform_particles, 1, &
434	MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LAND, comm2d, ierr )
435	#else
436	uniform_particles = uniform_particles_l
437	#endif
438
439	ENDIF
440
441	!
442	!-- Particles will probably become none-uniform, if their size and color
443	!-- will be determined by flow variables
444	IF ( particle_color /= 'none' .OR. particle_dvrpsize /= 'none' ) THEN
445	uniform_particles = .FALSE.
446	ENDIF
447
448	!
449	!-- Set the beginning of the particle tails and their age
450	IF ( use_particle_tails ) THEN
451	!
452	!-- Choose the maximum number of tails with respect to the maximum number
453	!-- of particles and skip_particles_for_tail
454	maximum_number_of_tails = maximum_number_of_particles / &
455	skip_particles_for_tail
456
457	!
458	!-- Create a minimum number of tails in case that there is no tail
459	!-- initially (otherwise, index errors will occur when adressing the
460	!-- arrays below)
461	IF ( maximum_number_of_tails == 0 ) maximum_number_of_tails = 10
462
463	ALLOCATE( particle_tail_coordinates(maximum_number_of_tailpoints,5, &
464	maximum_number_of_tails), &
465	new_tail_id(maximum_number_of_tails), &
466	tail_mask(maximum_number_of_tails) )
467
468	particle_tail_coordinates = 0.0
469	minimum_tailpoint_distance = minimum_tailpoint_distance**2
470	number_of_initial_tails = number_of_tails
471
472	nn = 0
473	DO n = 1, number_of_particles
474	!
475	!-- Only for those particles marked above with a provisional tail_id
476	!-- tails will be created. Particles now get their final tail_id.
477	IF ( particles(n)%tail_id /= 0 ) THEN
478
479	nn = nn + 1
480	particles(n)%tail_id = nn
481
482	particle_tail_coordinates(1,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
483	particle_tail_coordinates(1,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
484	particle_tail_coordinates(1,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
485	particle_tail_coordinates(1,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
486	particles(n)%tailpoints = 1
487	IF ( minimum_tailpoint_distance /= 0.0 ) THEN
488	particle_tail_coordinates(2,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
489	particle_tail_coordinates(2,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
490	particle_tail_coordinates(2,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
491	particle_tail_coordinates(2,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
492	particle_tail_coordinates(1:2,5,nn) = 0.0
493	particles(n)%tailpoints = 2
494	ENDIF
495
496	ENDIF
497	ENDDO
498	ENDIF
499
500	!
501	!-- Plot initial positions of particles (only if particle advection is
502	!-- switched on from the beginning of the simulation (t=0))
503	IF ( particle_advection_start == 0.0 ) CALL data_output_dvrp
504
505	ENDIF
506
507	!
508	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
509	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
510
511	CASE ( 'absorb' )
512	ibc_par_b = 1
513
514	CASE ( 'reflect' )
515	ibc_par_b = 2
516
517	CASE DEFAULT
518	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
519	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
520	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
521
522	END SELECT
523	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
524
525	CASE ( 'absorb' )
526	ibc_par_t = 1
527
528	CASE ( 'reflect' )
529	ibc_par_t = 2
530
531	CASE DEFAULT
532	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
533	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
534	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
535
536	END SELECT
537	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
538
539	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
540	ibc_par_lr = 0
541
542	CASE ( 'absorb' )
543	ibc_par_lr = 1
544
545	CASE ( 'reflect' )
546	ibc_par_lr = 2
547
548	CASE DEFAULT
549	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
550	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
551	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
552
553	END SELECT
554	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
555
556	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
557	ibc_par_ns = 0
558
559	CASE ( 'absorb' )
560	ibc_par_ns = 1
561
562	CASE ( 'reflect' )
563	ibc_par_ns = 2
564
565	CASE DEFAULT
566	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
567	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
568	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
569
570	END SELECT
571	!
572	!-- Formats
573	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I6,71X,I6)
574
575	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init

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