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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1905

Last change on this file since 1905 was 1891, checked in by hoffmann, 9 years ago
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1	!> @file lpm_init.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
18	!
19	! Current revisions:
20	! -----------------
21	!
22	!
23	! Former revisions:
24	! -----------------
25	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1891 2016-04-22 08:53:22Z suehring $
26	!
27	! 1890 2016-04-22 08:52:11Z hoffmann
28	! Initialization of aerosol equilibrium radius not possible in supersaturated
29	! environments. Therefore, a maximum supersaturation of -1 % is assumed during
30	! initialization.
31	!
32	! 1873 2016-04-18 14:50:06Z maronga
33	! Module renamed (removed _mod)
34	!
35	! 1871 2016-04-15 11:46:09Z hoffmann
36	! Initialization of aerosols added.
37	!
38	! 1850 2016-04-08 13:29:27Z maronga
39	! Module renamed
40	!
41	! 1831 2016-04-07 13:15:51Z hoffmann
42	! curvature_solution_effects moved to particle_attributes
43	!
44	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
45	! Unused variables removed.
46	!
47	! 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch
48	! netcdf module added
49	!
50	! 1725 2015-11-17 13:01:51Z hoffmann
51	! Bugfix: Processor-dependent seed for random function is generated before it is
52	! used.
53	!
54	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
55	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
56	!
57	! 1685 2015-10-08 07:32:13Z raasch
58	! bugfix concerning vertical index offset in case of ocean
59	!
60	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
61	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
62	!
63	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
64	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
65	!
66	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
67	! New particle structure integrated.
68	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
69	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
70	!
71	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
72	! -netcdf_output
73	!
74	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
75	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
76	!
77	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
78	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
79	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
80	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
81	! revision history before 2012 removed,
82	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
83	! all variable declaration statements
84	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
85	!
86	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
87	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
88	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
89	!
90	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
91	! unused variables removed
92	!
93	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
94	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
95	!
96	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
97	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
98	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
99	! advec_particles),
100	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
101	!
102	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
103	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
104	!
105	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
106	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
107	! array particles implemented as pointer
108	!
109	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
110	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
111	! of arrays.
112	!
113	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
114	! Initial revision
115	!
116	!
117	! Description:
118	! ------------
119	!> This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
120	!> radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
121	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
122	MODULE lpm_init_mod
123
124
125	USE arrays_3d, &
126	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
127
128	USE control_parameters, &
129	ONLY: cloud_droplets, constant_flux_layer, current_timestep_number, &
130	dz, initializing_actions, message_string, ocean, simulated_time
131
132	USE grid_variables, &
133	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
134
135	USE indices, &
136	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
137	nzb_w_inner, nzt
138
139	USE kinds
140
141	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
142	ONLY: init_kernels
143
144	USE netcdf_interface, &
145	ONLY: netcdf_data_format
146
147	USE particle_attributes, &
148	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
149	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
150	curvature_solution_effects, &
151	density_ratio, grid_particles, &
152	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
153	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
154	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
155	min_nr_particle, mpi_particle_type, &
156	number_of_particles, &
157	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
158	offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
159	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
160	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
161	particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
162	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
163	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
164	seed_follows_topography, sort_count, &
165	total_number_of_particles, &
166	use_sgs_for_particles, &
167	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
168	z0_av_global
169
170	USE pegrid
171
172	USE random_function_mod, &
173	ONLY: random_function
174
175	IMPLICIT NONE
176
177	PRIVATE
178
179	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !<
180	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !<
181
182	INTERFACE lpm_init
183	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
184	END INTERFACE lpm_init
185
186	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
187	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
188	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
189
190	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
191
192	CONTAINS
193
194	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
195	! Description:
196	! ------------
197	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
198	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
199	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
200
201	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
202	ONLY: init_kernels
203
204	IMPLICIT NONE
205
206	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
207	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
208	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
209
210	#if defined( __parallel )
211	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !<
212	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !<
213	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !<
214	#endif
215
216	REAL(wp) :: height_int !<
217	REAL(wp) :: height_p !<
218	REAL(wp) :: z_p !<
219	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !<
220
221	#if defined( __parallel )
222	!
223	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
224	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
225	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
226	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
227
228	types(1) = MPI_REAL
229	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
230	types(3) = MPI_UB
231	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
232	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
233	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
234	#endif
235
236	!
237	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
238	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
239	IF ( ocean ) THEN
240	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
241	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
242	ENDIF
243
244	!
245	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
246
247	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
248	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
249	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
250	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
251	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
252	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
253	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
254	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
255	!
256	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
257	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
258	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
259	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
260	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
261	max_number_of_particle_groups
262	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
263	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
264	ENDIF
265
266	!
267	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
268	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
269	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
270	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
271	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
272	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
273	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
274
275	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
276	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
277	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
278
279	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
280	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
281	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
282	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
283	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
284	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
285	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
286	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
287	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
288	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
289	ENDDO
290
291	!
292	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
293	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .AND. .NOT. cloud_droplets ) THEN
294	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
295	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
296	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
297	ENDIF
298
299	!
300	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
301	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
302	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
303	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
304	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
305	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
306	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
307	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
308
309	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
310	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
311
312	!
313	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
314	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
315	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
316	!-- negligible.
317	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
318	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
319
320	#if defined( __parallel )
321	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
322	comm2d, ierr )
323	#else
324	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
325	#endif
326
327	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
328	!
329	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
330	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
331	!
332	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
333	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
334	!
335	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
336	height_p = 0.0_wp
337	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
338
339	height_p = height_p + height_int
340	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
341
342	ENDDO
343
344
345	ENDIF
346
347	!
348	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
349	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
350
351	CASE ( 'absorb' )
352	ibc_par_b = 1
353
354	CASE ( 'reflect' )
355	ibc_par_b = 2
356
357	CASE DEFAULT
358	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
359	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
360	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
361
362	END SELECT
363	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
364
365	CASE ( 'absorb' )
366	ibc_par_t = 1
367
368	CASE ( 'reflect' )
369	ibc_par_t = 2
370
371	CASE DEFAULT
372	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
373	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
374	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
375
376	END SELECT
377	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
378
379	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
380	ibc_par_lr = 0
381
382	CASE ( 'absorb' )
383	ibc_par_lr = 1
384
385	CASE ( 'reflect' )
386	ibc_par_lr = 2
387
388	CASE DEFAULT
389	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
390	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
391	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
392
393	END SELECT
394	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
395
396	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
397	ibc_par_ns = 0
398
399	CASE ( 'absorb' )
400	ibc_par_ns = 1
401
402	CASE ( 'reflect' )
403	ibc_par_ns = 2
404
405	CASE DEFAULT
406	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
407	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
408	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
409
410	END SELECT
411
412	!
413	!-- Initialize collision kernels
414	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
415
416	!
417	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
418	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
419	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
420	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
421
422	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
423
424	ELSE
425
426	!
427	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
428	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
429	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
430	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
431
432	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
433	number_of_particles = 0
434
435	sort_count = 0
436	prt_count = 0
437
438	!
439	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
440	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
441	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
442	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
443	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
444	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
445	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
446	0, .FALSE., -1)
447
448	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
449
450	!
451	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
452	!-- groups, if necessary
453	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
454	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
455	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
456	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
457	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
458	ENDIF
459	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
460	ENDDO
461
462	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
463	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
464	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
465	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
466	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
467	ENDIF
468	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
469	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
470	ENDDO
471
472	!
473	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
474	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
475	!-- different on the different PEs.
476	iran_part = iran_part + myid
477
478	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
479
480	!
481	!-- User modification of initial particles
482	CALL user_lpm_init
483
484	!
485	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
486	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
487	CALL check_open( 80 )
488	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
489	number_of_particles, &
490	maximum_number_of_particles
491	CALL close_file( 80 )
492	ENDIF
493
494	ENDIF
495
496	!
497	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
498	!-- first grid cell
499	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
500	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
501
502	!
503	!-- Formats
504	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
505
506	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
507
508	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
509	! Description:
510	! ------------
511	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
512	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
513	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
514
515	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
516	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
517
518	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
519	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
520
521	USE particle_attributes, &
522	ONLY: monodisperse_aerosols
523
524	IMPLICIT NONE
525
526	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !<
527	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
528	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
529	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
530	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
531	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
532	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !<
533	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
534	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !<
535
536	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !<
537
538	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !<
539	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !<
540
541	LOGICAL :: first_stride !<
542
543	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !<
544	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !<
545	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !<
546
547	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !<
548
549	!
550	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
551	!-- particle is situated on this PE
552	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
553	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
554	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
555	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
556	ELSE
557	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
558	ENDIF
559
560	n = 0
561	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
562
563	pos_z = psb(i)
564
565	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
566
567	pos_y = pss(i)
568
569	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
570
571	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
572	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
573
574	pos_x = psl(i)
575
576	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
577
578	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
579	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
580
581	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
582
583	n = n + 1
584	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
585	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
586	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
587	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
588	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
589	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
590	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = 0.0_wp !unused
591	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
592	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
593	!
594	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
595	!-- for Rosenbrock method
596	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-6_wp !last Rosenbrock timestep
597	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.1E-6_wp !dry aerosol radius
598	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp !unused
599	ELSE
600	!
601	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
602	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
603	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
604	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
605	ENDIF
606	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
607	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
608	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
609	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
610	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
611	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
612	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
613	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
614	tmp_particle%class = 1
615	tmp_particle%group = i
616	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0 !unused
617	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
618	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0 !unused
619
620	!
621	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
622	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
623	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
624	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
625
626	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
627	!
628	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
629	kp = kp + nzb_w_inner(jp,ip)
630	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(kp)
631	IF ( kp > nzt ) THEN
632	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
633	CYCLE xloop
634	ENDIF
635	ENDIF
636
637	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
638	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
639	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
640	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
641	ENDIF
642	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
643	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
644	ENDIF
645	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
646	ENDIF
647	ENDDO
648
649	ENDIF
650
651	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
652
653	ENDDO xloop
654
655	ENDIF
656
657	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
658
659	ENDDO
660
661	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
662
663	ENDDO
664
665	ENDDO
666
667	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
668	DO ip = nxl, nxr
669	DO jp = nys, nyn
670	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
671	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
672	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
673	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
674	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
675	min_nr_particle )
676	ELSE
677	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
678	ENDIF
679	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
680	DO n = 1, alloc_size
681	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
682	ENDDO
683	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
684	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
685	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
686	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
687	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
688	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
689	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
690	ENDIF
691	ENDIF
692	ENDIF
693	ENDDO
694	ENDDO
695	ENDDO
696	ENDIF
697	ENDDO
698
699	local_start = prt_count+1
700	prt_count = local_count
701
702	!
703	!-- Initialize aerosol background spectrum
704	IF ( curvature_solution_effects .AND. .NOT. monodisperse_aerosols ) THEN
705	CALL lpm_init_aerosols(local_start)
706	ENDIF
707
708	!
709	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
710	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
711	DO ip = nxl, nxr
712	DO jp = nys, nyn
713	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
714	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
715	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
716	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
717
718	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
719	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
720	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
721	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
722	pdx(particles(n)%group)
723	ENDIF
724	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
725	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
726	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
727	pdy(particles(n)%group)
728	ENDIF
729	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
730	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
731	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
732	pdz(particles(n)%group)
733	ENDIF
734	ENDDO
735	!
736	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
737	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
738	ENDDO
739	ENDDO
740	ENDDO
741	!
742	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
743	CALL lpm_move_particle
744	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
745
746	ENDIF
747	!
748	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
749	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
750	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
751	!-- position.
752	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
753
754	!
755	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
756	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
757	DO ip = nxl, nxr
758	DO jp = nys, nyn
759	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
760	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
761	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
762	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
763	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
764	ENDDO
765	ENDDO
766	ENDDO
767	!
768	!-- Calculate the number of particles of the total domain
769	#if defined( __parallel )
770	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
771	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
772	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
773	#else
774	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
775	#endif
776
777	RETURN
778
779	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
780
781	SUBROUTINE lpm_init_aerosols(local_start)
782
783	USE arrays_3d, &
784	ONLY: hyp, pt, q
785
786	USE cloud_parameters, &
787	ONLY: l_d_rv, rho_l
788
789	USE constants, &
790	ONLY: pi
791
792	USE kinds
793
794	USE particle_attributes, &
795	ONLY: init_aerosol_probabilistic, molecular_weight_of_solute, &
796	molecular_weight_of_water, n1, n2, n3, rho_s, rm1, rm2, rm3, &
797	s1, s2, s3, vanthoff
798
799	IMPLICIT NONE
800
801	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: cdf !< CDF of aerosol spectrum
802	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: r_temp !< dry aerosol radius spectrum
803
804	REAL(wp) :: bfactor !< solute effects
805	REAL(wp) :: dr !< width of radius bin
806	REAL(wp) :: e_a !< vapor pressure
807	REAL(wp) :: e_s !< saturation vapor pressure
808	REAL(wp) :: n_init !< sum of all aerosol concentrations
809	REAL(wp) :: pdf !< PDF of aerosol spectrum
810	REAL(wp) :: rmin = 1.0e-8_wp !< minimum aerosol radius
811	REAL(wp) :: rmax = 1.0e-6_wp !< maximum aerosol radius
812	REAL(wp) :: rs_rand !< random number
813	REAL(wp) :: r_mid !< mean radius
814	REAL(wp) :: t_int !< temperature
815	REAL(wp) :: weight_sum !< sum of all weighting factors
816
817	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), INTENT(IN) :: local_start !<
818
819	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
820	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
821	INTEGER(iwp) :: no_bins = 999 !< number of bins
822	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
823	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
824	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
825
826	LOGICAL :: new_pdf = .FALSE. !< check if aerosol PDF has to be recalculated
827
828	!
829	!-- Compute aerosol background distribution
830	IF ( init_aerosol_probabilistic ) THEN
831	ALLOCATE( cdf(0:no_bins), r_temp(0:no_bins) )
832	DO n = 0, no_bins
833	r_temp(n) = EXP( LOG(rmin) + ( LOG(rmax) - LOG(rmin ) ) / &
834	REAL(no_bins, KIND=wp) * REAL(n, KIND=wp) )
835
836	cdf(n) = 0.0_wp
837	n_init = n1 + n2 + n3
838	IF ( n1 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
839	cdf(n) = cdf(n) + n1 / n_init * ( 0.5_wp + 0.5_wp * &
840	ERF( LOG( r_temp(n) / rm1 ) / &
841	( SQRT(2.0_wp) * LOG(s1) ) &
842	) )
843	ENDIF
844	IF ( n2 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
845	cdf(n) = cdf(n) + n2 / n_init * ( 0.5_wp + 0.5_wp * &
846	ERF( LOG( r_temp(n) / rm2 ) / &
847	( SQRT(2.0_wp) * LOG(s2) ) &
848	) )
849	ENDIF
850	IF ( n3 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
851	cdf(n) = cdf(n) + n3 / n_init * ( 0.5_wp + 0.5_wp * &
852	ERF( LOG( r_temp(n) / rm3 ) / &
853	( SQRT(2.0_wp) * LOG(s3) ) &
854	) )
855	ENDIF
856
857	ENDDO
858	ENDIF
859
860	DO ip = nxl, nxr
861	DO jp = nys, nyn
862	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
863
864	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
865	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
866	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
867	!
868	!-- Initialize the aerosols with a predefined spectral distribution
869	!-- of the dry radius (logarithmically increasing bins) and a varying
870	!-- weighting factor
871	IF ( .NOT. init_aerosol_probabilistic ) THEN
872
873	new_pdf = .FALSE.
874	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( r_temp ) ) THEN
875	new_pdf = .TRUE.
876	ELSE
877	IF ( SIZE( r_temp ) .NE. &
878	number_of_particles - local_start(kp,jp,ip) + 2 ) THEN
879	new_pdf = .TRUE.
880	DEALLOCATE( r_temp )
881	ENDIF
882	ENDIF
883
884	IF ( new_pdf ) THEN
885
886	no_bins = number_of_particles + 1 - local_start(kp,jp,ip)
887	ALLOCATE( r_temp(0:no_bins) )
888
889	DO n = 0, no_bins
890	r_temp(n) = EXP( LOG(rmin) + ( LOG(rmax) - LOG(rmin ) ) / &
891	REAL(no_bins, KIND=wp) * &
892	REAL(n, KIND=wp) )
893	ENDDO
894
895	ENDIF
896
897	!
898	!-- Calculate radius and concentration of each aerosol
899	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles
900
901	nn = n - local_start(kp,jp,ip)
902
903	r_mid = SQRT( r_temp(nn) * r_temp(nn+1) )
904	dr = r_temp(nn+1) - r_temp(nn)
905
906	pdf = 0.0_wp
907	n_init = n1 + n2 + n3
908	IF ( n1 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
909	pdf = pdf + n1 / n_init * ( 1.0_wp / ( r_mid * LOG(s1) * &
910	SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) &
911	) * &
912	EXP( -( LOG( r_mid / rm1 ) )**2 / &
913	( 2.0_wp * LOG(s1)**2 ) &
914	) &
915	)
916	ENDIF
917	IF ( n2 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
918	pdf = pdf + n2 / n_init * ( 1.0_wp / ( r_mid * LOG(s2) * &
919	SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) &
920	) * &
921	EXP( -( LOG( r_mid / rm2 ) )**2 / &
922	( 2.0_wp * LOG(s2)**2 ) &
923	) &
924	)
925	ENDIF
926	IF ( n3 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
927	pdf = pdf + n3 / n_init * ( 1.0_wp / ( r_mid * LOG(s3) * &
928	SQRT( 2.0_wp * pi ) &
929	) * &
930	EXP( -( LOG( r_mid / rm3 ) )**2 / &
931	( 2.0_wp * LOG(s3)**2 ) &
932	) &
933	)
934	ENDIF
935
936	particles(n)%rvar2 = r_mid
937	particles(n)%weight_factor = pdf * dr
938
939	END DO
940	!
941	!-- Adjust weighting factors to initialize the same number of aerosols
942	!-- in every grid box
943	weight_sum = SUM(particles(local_start(kp,jp,ip):number_of_particles)%weight_factor)
944
945	particles(local_start(kp,jp,ip):number_of_particles)%weight_factor = &
946	particles(local_start(kp,jp,ip):number_of_particles)%weight_factor / &
947	weight_sum * initial_weighting_factor * ( no_bins + 1 )
948
949	ENDIF
950	!
951	!-- Initialize the aerosols with a predefined weighting factor but
952	!-- a randomly choosen dry radius
953	IF ( init_aerosol_probabilistic ) THEN
954
955	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
956
957	rs_rand = -1.0_wp
958	DO WHILE ( rs_rand .LT. cdf(0) .OR. rs_rand .GE. cdf(no_bins) )
959	rs_rand = random_function( iran_part )
960	ENDDO
961	!
962	!-- Determine aerosol dry radius by a random number generator
963	DO nn = 0, no_bins-1
964	IF ( cdf(nn) .LE. rs_rand .AND. cdf(nn+1) .GT. rs_rand ) THEN
965	particles(n)%rvar2 = r_temp(nn) + ( r_temp(nn+1) - r_temp(nn) ) / &
966	( cdf(nn+1) - cdf(nn) ) * ( rs_rand - cdf(nn) )
967	EXIT
968	ENDIF
969	ENDDO
970
971	ENDDO
972
973	ENDIF
974
975	!
976	!-- Set particle radius to equilibrium radius based on the environmental
977	!-- supersaturation (Khvorostyanov and Curry, 2007, JGR). This avoids
978	!-- the sometimes lengthy growth toward their equilibrium radius within
979	!-- the simulation.
980	t_int = pt(kp,jp,ip) * ( hyp(kp) / 100000.0_wp )**0.286_wp
981
982	e_s = 611.0_wp * EXP( l_d_rv * ( 3.6609E-3_wp - 1.0_wp / t_int ) )
983	e_a = q(kp,jp,ip) * hyp(kp) / ( 0.378_wp * q(kp,jp,ip) + 0.622_wp )
984
985	!
986	!-- The formula is only valid for subsaturated environments. For
987	!-- supersaturations higher than -1 %, the supersaturation is set to -1%.
988	IF ( e_a / e_s < 0.99_wp ) THEN
989
990	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
991
992	bfactor = vanthoff * molecular_weight_of_water * &
993	rho_s * particles(n)%rvar2**3 / &
994	( molecular_weight_of_solute * rho_l )
995	particles(n)%radius = particles(n)%rvar2 * ( bfactor / &
996	particles(n)%rvar23 )(1.0_wp/3.0_wp) *&
997	( 1.0_wp - e_a / e_s )**(-1.0_wp/3.0_wp)
998
999	ENDDO
1000
1001	ELSE
1002
1003	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
1004
1005	bfactor = vanthoff * molecular_weight_of_water * &
1006	rho_s * particles(n)%rvar2**3 / &
1007	( molecular_weight_of_solute * rho_l )
1008	particles(n)%radius = particles(n)%rvar2 * ( bfactor / &
1009	particles(n)%rvar23 )(1.0_wp/3.0_wp) *&
1010	0.01_wp**(-1.0_wp/3.0_wp)
1011
1012	ENDDO
1013
1014	ENDIF
1015
1016	ENDDO
1017	ENDDO
1018	ENDDO
1019	!
1020	!-- Deallocate used arrays
1021	IF ( ALLOCATED(r_temp) ) DEALLOCATE( r_temp )
1022	IF ( ALLOCATED(cdf) ) DEALLOCATE( cdf )
1023
1024	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init_aerosols
1025
1026	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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