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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 3046

Last change on this file since 3046 was 3046, checked in by Giersch, 6 years ago
Remaining error messages revised, comments extended
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 47.4 KB

Rev	Line
[1873]	1	!> @file lpm_init.f90
[2000]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2696]	3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
[1036]	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1036]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2718]	17	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[2000]	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1036]	19	!
[254]	20	! Current revisions:
[1]	21	! -----------------
[3046]	22	! Error messages revised
[2318]	23	!
[1930]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 3046 2018-05-29 08:02:15Z Giersch $
[3045]	27	! Error message revised
	28	!
	29	! 3039 2018-05-24 13:13:11Z schwenkel
[3039]	30	! bugfix for lcm with grid stretching
	31	!
	32	! 2967 2018-04-13 11:22:08Z raasch
[2967]	33	! nesting routine is only called if nesting is switched on
	34	!
	35	! 2954 2018-04-09 14:35:46Z schwenkel
[2954]	36	! Bugfix for particle initialization in case of ocean
	37	!
	38	! 2801 2018-02-14 16:01:55Z thiele
[2801]	39	! Introduce particle transfer in nested models.
	40	!
	41	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
[2716]	42	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
[2701]	43	!
[2716]	44	! 2701 2017-12-15 15:40:50Z suehring
	45	! Changes from last commit documented
	46	!
[2701]	47	! 2698 2017-12-14 18:46:24Z suehring
[2716]	48	! Grid indices passed to lpm_boundary_conds. (responsible Philipp Thiele)
	49	!
	50	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
	51	! Change in file header (GPL part)
	52	!
	53	! 2628 2017-11-20 12:40:38Z schwenkel
[2628]	54	! Enabled particle advection with grid stretching.
	55	!
	56	! 2608 2017-11-13 14:04:26Z schwenkel
[2608]	57	! Calculation of magnus equation in external module (diagnostic_quantities_mod).
	58	!
	59	! 2606 2017-11-10 10:36:31Z schwenkel
[2606]	60	! Changed particle box locations: center of particle box now coincides
	61	! with scalar grid point of same index.
	62	! Renamed module and subroutines: lpm_pack_arrays_mod -> lpm_pack_and_sort_mod
	63	! lpm_pack_all_arrays -> lpm_sort_in_subboxes, lpm_pack_arrays -> lpm_pack
	64	! lpm_sort -> lpm_sort_timeloop_done
	65	!
	66	! 2375 2017-08-29 14:10:28Z schwenkel
[2375]	67	! Initialization of chemical aerosol composition
	68	!
	69	! 2346 2017-08-09 16:39:17Z suehring
[2346]	70	! Bugfix, correct determination of topography top index
	71	!
	72	! 2318 2017-07-20 17:27:44Z suehring
[2318]	73	! Get topography top index via Function call
	74	!
	75	! 2317 2017-07-20 17:27:19Z suehring
[2312]	76	! Extended particle data type. Aerosol initialization improved.
	77	!
	78	! 2305 2017-07-06 11:18:47Z hoffmann
[2305]	79	! Improved calculation of particle IDs.
[2312]	80	!
[2305]	81	! 2274 2017-06-09 13:27:48Z Giersch
[2274]	82	! Changed error messages
[2312]	83	!
[2274]	84	! 2265 2017-06-08 16:58:28Z schwenkel
[2265]	85	! Unused variables removed.
[2312]	86	!
[2265]	87	! 2263 2017-06-08 14:59:01Z schwenkel
[2263]	88	! Implemented splitting and merging algorithm
[2312]	89	!
[2263]	90	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
[1930]	91	!
[2233]	92	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	93	! Adjustments according to new topography realization
[2312]	94	!
	95	!
[2224]	96	! 2223 2017-05-15 16:38:09Z suehring
	97	! Add check for particle release at model top
[2312]	98	!
[2183]	99	! 2182 2017-03-17 14:27:40Z schwenkel
	100	! Added parameters for simplified particle initialization.
[2305]	101	!
[2123]	102	! 2122 2017-01-18 12:22:54Z hoffmann
[2312]	103	! Improved initialization of equilibrium aerosol radii
[2123]	104	! Calculation of particle ID
	105	!
[2001]	106	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	107	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
[2312]	108	!
[1930]	109	! 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
[2312]	110	! Bugfix in determining initial particle height and grid index in case of
[1929]	111	! seed_follows_topography.
[2312]	112	! Bugfix concerning random positions, ensure that particles do not move more
[1929]	113	! than one grid length.
	114	! Bugfix logarithmic interpolation.
	115	! Initial setting of sgs_wf_part.
[1321]	116	!
[1891]	117	! 1890 2016-04-22 08:52:11Z hoffmann
[2312]	118	! Initialization of aerosol equilibrium radius not possible in supersaturated
[1891]	119	! environments. Therefore, a maximum supersaturation of -1 % is assumed during
	120	! initialization.
	121	!
[1874]	122	! 1873 2016-04-18 14:50:06Z maronga
[1929]	123	! Module renamed (removed _mod
[2312]	124	!
[1872]	125	! 1871 2016-04-15 11:46:09Z hoffmann
	126	! Initialization of aerosols added.
	127	!
[1851]	128	! 1850 2016-04-08 13:29:27Z maronga
	129	! Module renamed
	130	!
[1832]	131	! 1831 2016-04-07 13:15:51Z hoffmann
	132	! curvature_solution_effects moved to particle_attributes
	133	!
[1823]	134	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
	135	! Unused variables removed.
	136	!
[1784]	137	! 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch
	138	! netcdf module added
	139	!
[2312]	140	! 1725 2015-11-17 13:01:51Z hoffmann
	141	! Bugfix: Processor-dependent seed for random function is generated before it is
[1726]	142	! used.
	143	!
[1692]	144	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
	145	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
	146	!
[1686]	147	! 1685 2015-10-08 07:32:13Z raasch
	148	! bugfix concerning vertical index offset in case of ocean
	149	!
[1683]	150	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
[2312]	151	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
[1683]	152	!
[1576]	153	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
	154	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
	155	!
[1360]	156	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
[2312]	157	! New particle structure integrated.
[1360]	158	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
	159	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
[2312]	160	!
[1329]	161	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
	162	! -netcdf_output
	163	!
[1323]	164	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
	165	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
	166	!
[1321]	167	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	168	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	169	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	170	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	171	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	172	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	173	! all variable declaration statements
	174	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
[850]	175	!
[1315]	176	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
[2312]	177	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
[1315]	178	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
	179	!
[1093]	180	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
	181	! unused variables removed
	182	!
[1037]	183	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	184	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	185	!
[850]	186	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
[849]	187	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
	188	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
	189	! advec_particles),
	190	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
[392]	191	!
[829]	192	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
	193	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
	194	!
[826]	195	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
	196	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
	197	! array particles implemented as pointer
	198	!
[668]	199	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
[2312]	200	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
[668]	201	! of arrays.
	202	!
[1]	203	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
	204	! Initial revision
	205	!
	206	!
	207	! Description:
	208	! ------------
[1682]	209	!> This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
	210	!> radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
[1]	211	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1682]	212	MODULE lpm_init_mod
[2312]	213
[2305]	214	USE, INTRINSIC :: ISO_C_BINDING
[1]	215
[1320]	216	USE arrays_3d, &
[3039]	217	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, dzw, zu, zw
[1320]	218
	219	USE control_parameters, &
[1691]	220	ONLY: cloud_droplets, constant_flux_layer, current_timestep_number, &
[2312]	221	dt_3d, dz, initializing_actions, message_string, ocean, &
	222	simulated_time
[1320]	223
	224	USE grid_variables, &
[1359]	225	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
[1320]	226
	227	USE indices, &
[1575]	228	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
[2317]	229	nzt, wall_flags_0
[1320]	230
	231	USE kinds
	232
	233	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	234	ONLY: init_kernels
	235
[1783]	236	USE netcdf_interface, &
	237	ONLY: netcdf_data_format
	238
[1320]	239	USE particle_attributes, &
[1359]	240	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
	241	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
[2265]	242	curvature_solution_effects, density_ratio, grid_particles, &
	243	isf,i_splitting_mode, initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, &
	244	ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
	245	max_number_of_particle_groups, min_nr_particle, &
[2305]	246	number_concentration, &
[2265]	247	number_particles_per_gridbox, number_of_particles, &
[1320]	248	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
[1822]	249	offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
[1359]	250	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
	251	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
[2312]	252	particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, &
	253	pss, pst, radius, random_start_position, &
[2265]	254	read_particles_from_restartfile, seed_follows_topography, &
	255	sgs_wf_part, sort_count, splitting_function, splitting_mode, &
	256	total_number_of_particles, use_sgs_for_particles, &
	257	write_particle_statistics, zero_particle, z0_av_global
[1320]	258
[1]	259	USE pegrid
	260
[1320]	261	USE random_function_mod, &
	262	ONLY: random_function
[1]	263
[2232]	264	USE surface_mod, &
[2698]	265	ONLY: get_topography_top_index_ji, surf_def_h, surf_lsm_h, surf_usm_h
[2232]	266
[2801]	267	USE pmc_particle_interface, &
	268	ONLY: pmcp_g_init
	269
[1359]	270	IMPLICIT NONE
[1320]	271
[1359]	272	PRIVATE
	273
[1682]	274	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !<
	275	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !<
[1359]	276
	277	INTERFACE lpm_init
	278	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
	279	END INTERFACE lpm_init
	280
	281	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	282	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
	283	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	284
	285	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
	286
[1929]	287	CONTAINS
[1359]	288
[1682]	289	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	290	! Description:
	291	! ------------
	292	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
	293	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1359]	294	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	295
	296	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	297	ONLY: init_kernels
	298
[2967]	299	USE pmc_interface, &
	300	ONLY: nested_run
	301
[1]	302	IMPLICIT NONE
	303
[1682]	304	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	305	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	306	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
[1320]	307
[2312]	308	REAL(wp) :: div !<
[1682]	309	REAL(wp) :: height_int !<
	310	REAL(wp) :: height_p !<
	311	REAL(wp) :: z_p !<
	312	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !<
[1]	313
[1359]	314
[1]	315	!
[150]	316	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
	317	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
	318	IF ( ocean ) THEN
	319	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
	320	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
	321	ENDIF
	322
[1359]	323	!
	324	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
[2606]	325	!-- See documentation for List of subgrid boxes
	326	!-- See pack_and_sort in lpm_pack_arrays.f90 for assignment of the subgrid boxes
	327	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
	328	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
	329	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
	330	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
	331	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
	332	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
	333	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
	334	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
[150]	335	!
[1]	336	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
	337	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
[3045]	338	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
	339	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
[3046]	340	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
[254]	341	max_number_of_particle_groups
[849]	342	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	343	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
	344	ENDIF
[2232]	345	!
	346	!-- Check if downward-facing walls exist. This case, reflection boundary
	347	!-- conditions (as well as subgrid-scale velocities) may do not work
[2312]	348	!-- propably (not realized so far).
[2232]	349	IF ( surf_def_h(1)%ns >= 1 ) THEN
[3045]	350	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Overhanging topography do not work '// &
[2312]	351	'with particles'
[2232]	352	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0212', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	353
[2312]	354	ENDIF
[2232]	355
[1]	356	!
	357	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
[2606]	358	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = 0.0_wp
	359	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx +1 ) * dx
	360	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = 0.0_wp
	361	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny +1 ) * dy
[1359]	362	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
	363	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
[1]	364
[1359]	365	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
	366	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
	367	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
[1]	368
[2182]	369	!
	370	!-- If number_particles_per_gridbox is set, the parametres pdx, pdy and pdz are
	371	!-- calculated diagnostically. Therfore an isotropic distribution is prescribed.
[2312]	372	IF ( number_particles_per_gridbox /= -1 .AND. &
[2182]	373	number_particles_per_gridbox >= 1 ) THEN
[2312]	374	pdx(1) = (( dx * dy * ( zu(2) - zu(1) ) ) / &
[2182]	375	REAL(number_particles_per_gridbox))**0.3333333_wp
	376	!
[2312]	377	!-- Ensure a smooth value (two significant digits) of distance between
[2182]	378	!-- particles (pdx, pdy, pdz).
	379	div = 1000.0_wp
	380	DO WHILE ( pdx(1) < div )
	381	div = div / 10.0_wp
	382	ENDDO
	383	pdx(1) = NINT( pdx(1) * 100.0_wp / div ) * div / 100.0_wp
	384	pdy(1) = pdx(1)
	385	pdz(1) = pdx(1)
	386
	387	ENDIF
	388
[1]	389	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	390	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
	391	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
	392	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
	393	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
	394	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
	395	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
	396	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
	397	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
	398	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
[1]	399	ENDDO
	400
	401	!
[2312]	402	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities.
[1929]	403	!-- Initialize prefactor required for stoachastic Weil equation.
[1822]	404	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .AND. .NOT. cloud_droplets ) THEN
[849]	405	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	406	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	407	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
[1929]	408
[2312]	409	sgs_wf_part = 1.0_wp / 3.0_wp
[849]	410	ENDIF
	411
	412	!
[2312]	413	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
[1314]	414	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
[2312]	415	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
	416	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
	417	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
[1314]	418	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
	419	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
[1691]	420	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
[2312]	421
	422	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
[2232]	423	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
[1314]	424
	425	!
	426	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
[2312]	427	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
	428	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
	429	!-- negligible.
[2232]	430	z0_av_local = SUM( surf_def_h(0)%z0 ) + SUM( surf_lsm_h%z0 ) + &
	431	SUM( surf_usm_h%z0 )
[1359]	432	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
[1314]	433
[1320]	434	#if defined( __parallel )
[1314]	435	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	436	comm2d, ierr )
[1320]	437	#else
	438	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
	439	#endif
[1314]	440
	441	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
	442	!
	443	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
[1359]	444	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
[1314]	445	!
	446	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
[1322]	447	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
[1314]	448	!
	449	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
[1929]	450	height_p = z0_av_global
[1314]	451	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
	452
	453	height_p = height_p + height_int
	454	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
	455
	456	ENDDO
	457
	458	ENDIF
	459
	460	!
[1359]	461	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
	462	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
[2312]	463
[1359]	464	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	465	ibc_par_b = 1
	466
	467	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	468	ibc_par_b = 2
[2312]	469
[1359]	470	CASE DEFAULT
[3045]	471	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
[1359]	472	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
	473	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2312]	474
[1359]	475	END SELECT
	476	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
[2312]	477
[1359]	478	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	479	ibc_par_t = 1
	480
	481	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	482	ibc_par_t = 2
[2801]	483
	484	CASE ( 'nested' )
	485	ibc_par_t = 3
[2312]	486
[1359]	487	CASE DEFAULT
[3045]	488	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
[1359]	489	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
	490	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2312]	491
[1359]	492	END SELECT
	493	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
	494
	495	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	496	ibc_par_lr = 0
	497
	498	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	499	ibc_par_lr = 1
	500
	501	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	502	ibc_par_lr = 2
[2801]	503
	504	CASE ( 'nested' )
	505	ibc_par_lr = 3
[2312]	506
[1359]	507	CASE DEFAULT
	508	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	509	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
	510	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2312]	511
[1359]	512	END SELECT
	513	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
	514
	515	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	516	ibc_par_ns = 0
	517
	518	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	519	ibc_par_ns = 1
	520
	521	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	522	ibc_par_ns = 2
[2801]	523
	524	CASE ( 'nested' )
	525	ibc_par_ns = 3
[2312]	526
[1359]	527	CASE DEFAULT
	528	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	529	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
	530	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2312]	531
[1359]	532	END SELECT
[2263]	533	SELECT CASE ( splitting_mode )
[2312]	534
[2263]	535	CASE ( 'const' )
	536	i_splitting_mode = 1
[1359]	537
[2263]	538	CASE ( 'cl_av' )
	539	i_splitting_mode = 2
	540
	541	CASE ( 'gb_av' )
	542	i_splitting_mode = 3
[2312]	543
[2263]	544	CASE DEFAULT
[3045]	545	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown splitting_mode = "', &
	546	TRIM( splitting_mode ), '"'
[2263]	547	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0146', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2312]	548
[2263]	549	END SELECT
	550	SELECT CASE ( splitting_function )
[2312]	551
[2263]	552	CASE ( 'gamma' )
	553	isf = 1
	554
	555	CASE ( 'log' )
	556	isf = 2
	557
	558	CASE ( 'exp' )
	559	isf = 3
[2312]	560
[2263]	561	CASE DEFAULT
[3045]	562	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown splitting function = "', &
	563	TRIM( splitting_function ), '"'
[2263]	564	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0147', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[2312]	565
[2263]	566	END SELECT
	567
[2312]	568
[1359]	569	!
[828]	570	!-- Initialize collision kernels
	571	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
	572
	573	!
[1]	574	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
[849]	575	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
[1]	576	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
	577	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
	578
[849]	579	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
[1]	580
	581	ELSE
	582
	583	!
	584	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
	585	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
[1359]	586	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	587	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1]	588
[1359]	589	number_of_particles = 0
[792]	590
	591	sort_count = 0
[1359]	592	prt_count = 0
[792]	593
[1]	594	!
[2312]	595	!-- initialize counter for particle IDs
[2305]	596	grid_particles%id_counter = 1
[2122]	597
	598	!
[1]	599	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
	600	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
	601	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
[1359]	602	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	603	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	604	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2312]	605	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
[2305]	606	0, 0, 0_idp, .FALSE., -1 )
[1822]	607
[1359]	608	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
[1]	609
	610	!
	611	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
	612	!-- groups, if necessary
[1359]	613	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
	614	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
[1]	615	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	616	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
[1]	617	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
	618	ENDIF
[1359]	619	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
[1]	620	ENDDO
	621
	622	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	623	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
[3045]	624	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, ' has a', &
[254]	625	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
[849]	626	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	627	ENDIF
	628	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
	629	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
	630	ENDDO
	631
	632	!
[1359]	633	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
	634	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
	635	!-- different on the different PEs.
	636	iran_part = iran_part + myid
	637
[1725]	638	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
[1359]	639	!
	640	!-- User modification of initial particles
	641	CALL user_lpm_init
	642
	643	!
	644	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
	645	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
	646	CALL check_open( 80 )
	647	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
[2312]	648	number_of_particles
[1359]	649	CALL close_file( 80 )
	650	ENDIF
	651
	652	ENDIF
	653
[2967]	654	IF ( nested_run ) CALL pmcp_g_init
[2801]	655
[1359]	656	!
[2312]	657	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
[1359]	658	!-- first grid cell
	659	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
	660	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	661	!
	662	!-- Formats
	663	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
	664
	665	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	666
[1682]	667	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	668	! Description:
	669	! ------------
	670	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
	671	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1359]	672	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
[2628]	673
	674	USE arrays_3d, &
	675	ONLY: zw
[1359]	676	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
	677	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
	678
[2628]	679	USE lpm_pack_and_sort_mod, &
[2606]	680	ONLY: lpm_sort_in_subboxes
[1359]	681
[1871]	682	USE particle_attributes, &
[2312]	683	ONLY: deleted_particles
[1871]	684
[1359]	685	IMPLICIT NONE
	686
[1929]	687	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !< relative increase of allocated memory for particles
	688	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< loop variable ( particle groups )
	689	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !< index variable along x
	690	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< loop variable ( particles per point )
	691	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !< index variable along y
[2232]	692	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index variable along z
	693	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_surf !< index of surface grid point
[1929]	694	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !< index variable along z
	695	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !< loop variable for initialization
	696	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< loop variable ( number of particles )
	697	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !< new size of allocated memory for particles
[1359]	698
[1929]	699	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !< mode of inititialization
[1359]	700
[1929]	701	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !< start address of new particle
	702	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !< start address of new particle
[1359]	703
[1929]	704	LOGICAL :: first_stride !< flag for initialization
[1359]	705
[2312]	706	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !< increment for particle position in x
	707	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !< increment for particle position in y
	708	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !< increment for particle position in z
[1929]	709	REAL(wp) :: rand_contr !< dummy argument for random position
[1359]	710
[1929]	711	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !< temporary particle used for initialization
[1359]	712
	713	!
	714	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
	715	!-- particle is situated on this PE
	716	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
	717	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
	718	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	719	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
	720	ELSE
	721	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
	722	ENDIF
	723
[2182]	724	!
	725	!-- Calculate initial_weighting_factor diagnostically
	726	IF ( number_concentration /= -1.0_wp .AND. number_concentration > 0.0_wp ) THEN
[2312]	727	initial_weighting_factor = number_concentration * 1.0E6_wp * &
	728	pdx(1) * pdy(1) * pdz(1)
[2182]	729	END IF
	730
[1]	731	n = 0
	732	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
	733
	734	pos_z = psb(i)
	735
	736	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
	737
[2954]	738	IF ( pos_z >= zw(0) .AND. pos_z < zw(nzt) ) THEN
[1]	739
	740
[2223]	741	pos_y = pss(i)
[1]	742
[2223]	743	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
[1]	744
[2606]	745	IF ( pos_y >= nys * dy .AND. &
	746	pos_y < ( nyn + 1 ) * dy ) THEN
[1]	747
[2223]	748	pos_x = psl(i)
[1]	749
[2223]	750	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
[1]	751
[2606]	752	IF ( pos_x >= nxl * dx .AND. &
	753	pos_x < ( nxr + 1) * dx ) THEN
[2223]	754
	755	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
	756
[2305]	757
[2223]	758	n = n + 1
	759	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	760	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	761	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	762	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
	763	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
	764	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	765	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
[2312]	766	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	767	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	768	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[2223]	769	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
	770	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
	771	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
	772	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	773	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	774	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
[2312]	775	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	776	tmp_particle%aux1 = 0.0_wp ! dry aerosol radius
	777	tmp_particle%aux2 = dt_3d ! last Rosenbrock timestep
	778	ELSE
	779	tmp_particle%aux1 = 0.0_wp ! free to use
	780	tmp_particle%aux2 = 0.0_wp ! free to use
	781	ENDIF
[2223]	782	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	783	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	784	tmp_particle%class = 1
	785	tmp_particle%group = i
[2305]	786	tmp_particle%id = 0_idp
[2223]	787	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	788	tmp_particle%block_nr = -1
[1]	789	!
[2223]	790	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
[2606]	791	ip = tmp_particle%x * ddx
	792	jp = tmp_particle%y * ddy
[2628]	793	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
	794	DO WHILE( zw(kp) < tmp_particle%z )
	795	kp = kp + 1
	796	ENDDO
	797	DO WHILE( zw(kp-1) > tmp_particle%z )
	798	kp = kp - 1
	799	ENDDO
[2232]	800	!
	801	!-- Determine surface level. Therefore, check for
[2317]	802	!-- upward-facing wall on w-grid.
[2698]	803	k_surf = get_topography_top_index_ji( jp, ip, 'w' )
[1]	804
[2223]	805	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
[1575]	806	!
[2223]	807	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
[2232]	808	kp = kp + k_surf
	809	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(k_surf)
	810	!-- Skip particle release if particle position is
	811	!-- above model top, or within topography in case
	812	!-- of overhanging structures.
	813	IF ( kp > nzt .OR. &
	814	.NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(kp,jp,ip), 0 ) ) THEN
[2223]	815	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	816	CYCLE xloop
	817	ENDIF
[2232]	818	!
[2312]	819	!-- Skip particle release if particle position is
[2232]	820	!-- below surface, or within topography in case
	821	!-- of overhanging structures.
[2223]	822	ELSEIF ( .NOT. seed_follows_topography .AND. &
[2232]	823	tmp_particle%z <= zw(k_surf) .OR. &
	824	.NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(kp,jp,ip), 0 ) )&
	825	THEN
[1575]	826	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
[2312]	827	CYCLE xloop
[1575]	828	ENDIF
	829
[2223]	830	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
[2182]	831
[2223]	832	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
	833	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
	834	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
	835	ENDIF
	836	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
	837	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
	838	ENDIF
	839	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
	840
[1359]	841	ENDIF
[2223]	842	ENDDO
[1929]	843
[2223]	844	ENDIF
[1]	845
[2223]	846	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
[1]	847
[2223]	848	ENDDO xloop
[1]	849
[2223]	850	ENDIF
[1]	851
[2223]	852	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
[1]	853
[2223]	854	ENDDO
[1]	855
[2223]	856	ENDIF
[1]	857
	858	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
	859
	860	ENDDO
	861
	862	ENDDO
	863
[1359]	864	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	865	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	866	DO jp = nys, nyn
	867	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	868	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
	869	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	870	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
	871	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
	872	min_nr_particle )
	873	ELSE
	874	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
	875	ENDIF
	876	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
	877	DO n = 1, alloc_size
	878	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
	879	ENDDO
	880	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
	881	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	882	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	883	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
	884	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
	885	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
[2182]	886	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
[1359]	887	ENDIF
	888	ENDIF
	889	ENDIF
	890	ENDDO
	891	ENDDO
	892	ENDDO
	893	ENDIF
[1929]	894
[1359]	895	ENDDO
[1]	896
[2182]	897
	898
[1359]	899	local_start = prt_count+1
	900	prt_count = local_count
[1871]	901
[1]	902	!
[2122]	903	!-- Calculate particle IDs
	904	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	905	DO jp = nys, nyn
	906	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	907	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	908	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	909	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	910
[2312]	911	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
[2122]	912
[2305]	913	particles(n)%id = 10000_idp*3 grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%id_counter + &
	914	10000_idp*2 kp + 10000_idp * jp + ip
	915	!
	916	!-- Count the number of particles that have been released before
[2122]	917	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%id_counter = &
	918	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%id_counter + 1
	919
	920	ENDDO
	921
	922	ENDDO
	923	ENDDO
	924	ENDDO
	925
	926	!
[1871]	927	!-- Initialize aerosol background spectrum
[2312]	928	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
[1871]	929	CALL lpm_init_aerosols(local_start)
	930	ENDIF
	931
	932	!
[1929]	933	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions.
[1359]	934	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
	935	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	936	DO jp = nys, nyn
	937	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	938	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	939	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	940	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
[1929]	941	!
[2312]	942	!-- Move only new particles. Moreover, limit random fluctuation
	943	!-- in order to prevent that particles move more than one grid box,
	944	!-- which would lead to problems concerning particle exchange
	945	!-- between processors in case pdx/pdy are larger than dx/dy,
	946	!-- respectively.
[1929]	947	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles
[1359]	948	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
[1929]	949	rand_contr = ( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	950	pdx(particles(n)%group)
[1359]	951	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
[2232]	952	MERGE( rand_contr, SIGN( dx, rand_contr ), &
[1929]	953	ABS( rand_contr ) < dx &
[2312]	954	)
[1359]	955	ENDIF
	956	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
[1929]	957	rand_contr = ( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	958	pdy(particles(n)%group)
[1359]	959	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
[2232]	960	MERGE( rand_contr, SIGN( dy, rand_contr ), &
[1929]	961	ABS( rand_contr ) < dy &
[2312]	962	)
[1359]	963	ENDIF
	964	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
[1929]	965	rand_contr = ( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	966	pdz(particles(n)%group)
[1359]	967	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
[2232]	968	MERGE( rand_contr, SIGN( dz, rand_contr ), &
[1929]	969	ABS( rand_contr ) < dz &
[2312]	970	)
[1359]	971	ENDIF
	972	ENDDO
[1]	973	!
[1929]	974	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain and reflect
	975	!-- or absorb them if necessary.
[2698]	976	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top', i, j, k )
[1929]	977	!
	978	!-- Furthermore, remove particles located in topography. Note, as
[2312]	979	!-- the particle speed is still zero at this point, wall
[1929]	980	!-- reflection boundary conditions will not work in this case.
	981	particles => &
	982	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	983	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles
[2606]	984	i = particles(n)%x * ddx
	985	j = particles(n)%y * ddy
[2628]	986	k = particles(n)%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
	987	DO WHILE( zw(k) < particles(n)%z )
	988	k = k + 1
	989	ENDDO
	990	DO WHILE( zw(k-1) > particles(n)%z )
	991	k = k - 1
	992	ENDDO
[2232]	993	!
	994	!-- Check if particle is within topography
	995	IF ( .NOT. BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 ) ) THEN
[1929]	996	particles(n)%particle_mask = .FALSE.
	997	deleted_particles = deleted_particles + 1
	998	ENDIF
[2232]	999
[1929]	1000	ENDDO
[1359]	1001	ENDDO
	1002	ENDDO
	1003	ENDDO
[1]	1004	!
[1359]	1005	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
	1006	CALL lpm_move_particle
	1007	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
[1]	1008
[1359]	1009	ENDIF
[1]	1010	!
[2312]	1011	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
	1012	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
	1013	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
[1359]	1014	!-- position.
[2606]	1015	CALL lpm_sort_in_subboxes
[1]	1016
	1017	!
[2265]	1018	!-- Determine the current number of particles
[1359]	1019	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	1020	DO jp = nys, nyn
	1021	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	1022	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
	1023	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
[1]	1024	ENDDO
[1359]	1025	ENDDO
	1026	ENDDO
[1]	1027	!
[1822]	1028	!-- Calculate the number of particles of the total domain
[1]	1029	#if defined( __parallel )
[1359]	1030	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	1031	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
	1032	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1]	1033	#else
[1359]	1034	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
[1]	1035	#endif
	1036
[1359]	1037	RETURN
[1]	1038
[1359]	1039	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
[336]	1040
[1871]	1041	SUBROUTINE lpm_init_aerosols(local_start)
	1042
	1043	USE arrays_3d, &
[2312]	1044	ONLY: hyp, pt, q
[1871]	1045
	1046	USE cloud_parameters, &
[2375]	1047	ONLY: l_d_rv, molecular_weight_of_solute, &
	1048	molecular_weight_of_water, rho_l, r_v, rho_s, vanthoff
[1871]	1049
	1050	USE constants, &
	1051	ONLY: pi
	1052
[2608]	1053	USE diagnostic_quantities_mod, &
	1054	ONLY: magnus
	1055
	1056
[1871]	1057	USE kinds
	1058
	1059	USE particle_attributes, &
[2375]	1060	ONLY: aero_species, aero_type, aero_weight, log_sigma, na, rm
[1871]	1061
	1062	IMPLICIT NONE
	1063
[2122]	1064	REAL(wp) :: afactor !< curvature effects
[1871]	1065	REAL(wp) :: bfactor !< solute effects
[2312]	1066	REAL(wp) :: dlogr !< logarithmic width of radius bin
[1871]	1067	REAL(wp) :: e_a !< vapor pressure
	1068	REAL(wp) :: e_s !< saturation vapor pressure
[2312]	1069	REAL(wp) :: rmin = 0.005e-6_wp !< minimum aerosol radius
	1070	REAL(wp) :: rmax = 10.0e-6_wp !< maximum aerosol radius
	1071	REAL(wp) :: r_mid !< mean radius of bin
	1072	REAL(wp) :: r_l !< left radius of bin
	1073	REAL(wp) :: r_r !< right radius of bin
[2122]	1074	REAL(wp) :: sigma !< surface tension
[1871]	1075	REAL(wp) :: t_int !< temperature
	1076
[1890]	1077	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), INTENT(IN) :: local_start !<
[1871]	1078
	1079	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
	1080	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
	1081	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
	1082	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
	1083
	1084	!
[2375]	1085	!-- Set constants for different aerosol species
	1086	IF ( TRIM(aero_species) .EQ. 'nacl' ) THEN
	1087	molecular_weight_of_solute = 0.05844_wp
	1088	rho_s = 2165.0_wp
	1089	vanthoff = 2.0_wp
	1090	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_species) .EQ. 'c3h4o4' ) THEN
	1091	molecular_weight_of_solute = 0.10406_wp
	1092	rho_s = 1600.0_wp
	1093	vanthoff = 1.37_wp
	1094	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_species) .EQ. 'nh4o3' ) THEN
	1095	molecular_weight_of_solute = 0.08004_wp
	1096	rho_s = 1720.0_wp
	1097	vanthoff = 2.31_wp
	1098	ELSE
	1099	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown aerosol species ', &
	1100	'aero_species = "', TRIM( aero_species ), '"'
	1101	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0470', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	1102	ENDIF
	1103	!
[2312]	1104	!-- The following typical aerosol spectra are taken from Jaenicke (1993):
	1105	!-- Tropospheric aerosols. Published in Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions.
	1106	IF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'polar' ) THEN
	1107	na = (/ 2.17e1, 1.86e-1, 3.04e-4 /) * 1.0E6
	1108	rm = (/ 0.0689, 0.375, 4.29 /) * 1.0E-6
	1109	log_sigma = (/ 0.245, 0.300, 0.291 /)
	1110	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'background' ) THEN
	1111	na = (/ 1.29e2, 5.97e1, 6.35e1 /) * 1.0E6
	1112	rm = (/ 0.0036, 0.127, 0.259 /) * 1.0E-6
	1113	log_sigma = (/ 0.645, 0.253, 0.425 /)
	1114	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'maritime' ) THEN
	1115	na = (/ 1.33e2, 6.66e1, 3.06e0 /) * 1.0E6
	1116	rm = (/ 0.0039, 0.133, 0.29 /) * 1.0E-6
	1117	log_sigma = (/ 0.657, 0.210, 0.396 /)
	1118	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'continental' ) THEN
	1119	na = (/ 3.20e3, 2.90e3, 3.00e-1 /) * 1.0E6
	1120	rm = (/ 0.01, 0.058, 0.9 /) * 1.0E-6
	1121	log_sigma = (/ 0.161, 0.217, 0.380 /)
	1122	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'desert' ) THEN
	1123	na = (/ 7.26e2, 1.14e3, 1.78e-1 /) * 1.0E6
	1124	rm = (/ 0.001, 0.0188, 10.8 /) * 1.0E-6
	1125	log_sigma = (/ 0.247, 0.770, 0.438 /)
	1126	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'rural' ) THEN
	1127	na = (/ 6.65e3, 1.47e2, 1.99e3 /) * 1.0E6
	1128	rm = (/ 0.00739, 0.0269, 0.0419 /) * 1.0E-6
	1129	log_sigma = (/ 0.225, 0.557, 0.266 /)
	1130	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'urban' ) THEN
	1131	na = (/ 9.93e4, 1.11e3, 3.64e4 /) * 1.0E6
	1132	rm = (/ 0.00651, 0.00714, 0.0248 /) * 1.0E-6
	1133	log_sigma = (/ 0.245, 0.666, 0.337 /)
	1134	ELSEIF ( TRIM(aero_type) .EQ. 'user' ) THEN
	1135	CONTINUE
	1136	ELSE
	1137	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown aerosol type ', &
	1138	'aero_type = "', TRIM( aero_type ), '"'
	1139	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0459', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1871]	1140	ENDIF
	1141
	1142	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	1143	DO jp = nys, nyn
	1144	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	1145
	1146	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	1147	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	1148	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
[2312]	1149
	1150	dlogr = ( LOG10(rmax) - LOG10(rmin) ) / ( number_of_particles - local_start(kp,jp,ip) + 1 )
[1871]	1151	!
	1152	!-- Initialize the aerosols with a predefined spectral distribution
[2312]	1153	!-- of the dry radius (logarithmically increasing bins) and a varying
[1871]	1154	!-- weighting factor
[2312]	1155	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
[1871]	1156
[2312]	1157	r_l = 10.0*( LOG10( rmin ) + (n-1) dlogr )
	1158	r_r = 10.0*( LOG10( rmin ) + n dlogr )
	1159	r_mid = SQRT( r_l * r_r )
[1871]	1160
[2312]	1161	particles(n)%aux1 = r_mid
	1162	particles(n)%weight_factor = &
	1163	( na(1) / ( SQRT( 2.0 * pi ) * log_sigma(1) ) * &
	1164	EXP( - LOG10( r_mid / rm(1) )*2 / ( 2.0 log_sigma(1)**2 ) ) + &
	1165	na(2) / ( SQRT( 2.0 * pi ) * log_sigma(2) ) * &
	1166	EXP( - LOG10( r_mid / rm(2) )*2 / ( 2.0 log_sigma(2)**2 ) ) + &
	1167	na(3) / ( SQRT( 2.0 * pi ) * log_sigma(3) ) * &
	1168	EXP( - LOG10( r_mid / rm(3) )*2 / ( 2.0 log_sigma(3)**2 ) ) &
[3039]	1169	) * ( LOG10(r_r) - LOG10(r_l) ) * ( dx * dy * dzw(kp) )
[1871]	1170
[2312]	1171	!
	1172	!-- Multiply weight_factor with the namelist parameter aero_weight
	1173	!-- to increase or decrease the number of simulated aerosols
	1174	particles(n)%weight_factor = particles(n)%weight_factor * aero_weight
[1871]	1175
[2312]	1176	IF ( particles(n)%weight_factor - FLOOR(particles(n)%weight_factor,KIND=wp) &
	1177	.GT. random_function( iran_part ) ) THEN
	1178	particles(n)%weight_factor = FLOOR(particles(n)%weight_factor,KIND=wp) + 1.0
	1179	ELSE
	1180	particles(n)%weight_factor = FLOOR(particles(n)%weight_factor,KIND=wp)
[1871]	1181	ENDIF
	1182	!
[2312]	1183	!-- Unnecessary particles will be deleted
	1184	IF ( particles(n)%weight_factor .LE. 0.0 ) particles(n)%particle_mask = .FALSE.
[1871]	1185
[2312]	1186	ENDDO
[1871]	1187	!
	1188	!-- Set particle radius to equilibrium radius based on the environmental
	1189	!-- supersaturation (Khvorostyanov and Curry, 2007, JGR). This avoids
[2312]	1190	!-- the sometimes lengthy growth toward their equilibrium radius within
[1871]	1191	!-- the simulation.
	1192	t_int = pt(kp,jp,ip) * ( hyp(kp) / 100000.0_wp )**0.286_wp
	1193
[2608]	1194	e_s = magnus( t_int )
	1195	e_a = q(kp,jp,ip) * hyp(kp) / ( q(kp,jp,ip) + 0.622_wp )
[1871]	1196
[2122]	1197	sigma = 0.0761_wp - 0.000155_wp * ( t_int - 273.15_wp )
	1198	afactor = 2.0_wp * sigma / ( rho_l * r_v * t_int )
	1199
	1200	bfactor = vanthoff * molecular_weight_of_water * &
	1201	rho_s / ( molecular_weight_of_solute * rho_l )
[1871]	1202	!
[2312]	1203	!-- The formula is only valid for subsaturated environments. For
[2122]	1204	!-- supersaturations higher than -5 %, the supersaturation is set to -5%.
	1205	IF ( e_a / e_s >= 0.95_wp ) e_a = 0.95_wp * e_s
[1871]	1206
[2312]	1207	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !only new particles
[2122]	1208	!
[2312]	1209	!-- For details on this equation, see Eq. (14) of Khvorostyanov and
	1210	!-- Curry (2007, JGR)
[2122]	1211	particles(n)%radius = bfactor*0.3333333_wp &
[2312]	1212	particles(n)%aux1 / ( 1.0_wp - e_a / e_s )**0.3333333_wp / &
[2122]	1213	( 1.0_wp + ( afactor / ( 3.0_wp * bfactor*0.3333333_wp &
[2312]	1214	particles(n)%aux1 ) ) / &
[2122]	1215	( 1.0_wp - e_a / e_s )**0.6666666_wp &
	1216	)
[1871]	1217
[2122]	1218	ENDDO
[1871]	1219
	1220	ENDDO
	1221	ENDDO
	1222	ENDDO
	1223
	1224	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init_aerosols
	1225
[1359]	1226	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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