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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1704

Last change on this file since 1704 was 1692, checked in by maronga, 9 years ago
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[1682]	1	!> @file lpm_init.f90
[1036]	2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	3	! This file is part of PALM.
	4	!
	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
	6	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
	7	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	8	!
	9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	10	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	11	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	12	!
	13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	14	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	15	!
[1691]	16	! Copyright 1997-2015 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1036]	17	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	18	!
[254]	19	! Current revisions:
[1]	20	! -----------------
[1692]	21	!
	22	!
[1321]	23	! Former revisions:
	24	! -----------------
	25	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1692 2015-10-26 16:29:17Z raasch $
	26	!
[1692]	27	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
	28	! Renamed prandtl_layer to constant_flux_layer.
	29	!
[1686]	30	! 1685 2015-10-08 07:32:13Z raasch
	31	! bugfix concerning vertical index offset in case of ocean
	32	!
[1683]	33	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
	34	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
	35	!
[1576]	36	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
	37	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
	38	!
[1360]	39	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
	40	! New particle structure integrated.
	41	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
	42	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
	43	!
[1329]	44	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
	45	! -netcdf_output
	46	!
[1323]	47	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
	48	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
	49	!
[1321]	50	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	51	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	52	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	53	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	54	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	55	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	56	! all variable declaration statements
	57	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
[850]	58	!
[1315]	59	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
	60	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
	61	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
	62	!
[1093]	63	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
	64	! unused variables removed
	65	!
[1037]	66	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	67	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	68	!
[850]	69	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
[849]	70	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
	71	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
	72	! advec_particles),
	73	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
[392]	74	!
[829]	75	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
	76	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
	77	!
[826]	78	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
	79	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
	80	! array particles implemented as pointer
	81	!
[668]	82	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
	83	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
	84	! of arrays.
	85	!
[1]	86	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
	87	! Initial revision
	88	!
	89	!
	90	! Description:
	91	! ------------
[1682]	92	!> This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
	93	!> radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
[1]	94	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1682]	95	MODULE lpm_init_mod
	96
[1]	97
[1320]	98	USE arrays_3d, &
	99	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
	100
	101	USE cloud_parameters, &
	102	ONLY: curvature_solution_effects
	103
	104	USE control_parameters, &
[1691]	105	ONLY: cloud_droplets, constant_flux_layer, current_timestep_number, &
	106	dz, initializing_actions, message_string, netcdf_data_format, &
	107	ocean, simulated_time
[1320]	108
	109	USE dvrp_variables, &
	110	ONLY: particle_color, particle_dvrpsize
	111
	112	USE grid_variables, &
[1359]	113	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
[1320]	114
	115	USE indices, &
[1575]	116	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
	117	nzb_w_inner, nzt
[1320]	118
	119	USE kinds
	120
	121	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	122	ONLY: init_kernels
	123
	124	USE particle_attributes, &
[1359]	125	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
	126	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
	127	density_ratio, dvrp_psize, grid_particles, &
	128	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
	129	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
	130	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
	131	maximum_number_of_tailpoints, maximum_number_of_tails, &
	132	minimum_tailpoint_distance, min_nr_particle, &
	133	mpi_particle_type, new_tail_id, &
[1320]	134	number_of_initial_tails, number_of_particles, &
	135	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
[1685]	136	number_of_tails, offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
[1359]	137	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
	138	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
[1320]	139	particle_tail_coordinates, particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
[1359]	140	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
[1320]	141	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
[1575]	142	seed_follows_topography, skip_particles_for_tail, sort_count, &
[1359]	143	tail_mask, total_number_of_particles, total_number_of_tails, &
[1320]	144	use_particle_tails, use_sgs_for_particles, &
[1359]	145	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
	146	z0_av_global
[1320]	147
[1]	148	USE pegrid
	149
[1320]	150	USE random_function_mod, &
	151	ONLY: random_function
[1]	152
[1359]	153	IMPLICIT NONE
[1320]	154
[1359]	155	PRIVATE
	156
[1682]	157	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !<
	158	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !<
[1359]	159
	160	INTERFACE lpm_init
	161	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
	162	END INTERFACE lpm_init
	163
	164	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	165	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
	166	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	167
	168	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
	169
	170	CONTAINS
	171
[1682]	172	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	173	! Description:
	174	! ------------
	175	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
	176	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1359]	177	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	178
	179	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	180	ONLY: init_kernels
	181
[1]	182	IMPLICIT NONE
	183
[1682]	184	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	185	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
	186	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	187	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
	188	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
	189	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
	190	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
	191	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
[1320]	192
[1]	193	#if defined( __parallel )
[1682]	194	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !<
	195	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !<
	196	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !<
[1]	197	#endif
[1682]	198	LOGICAL :: uniform_particles_l !<
[1]	199
[1682]	200	REAL(wp) :: height_int !<
	201	REAL(wp) :: height_p !<
	202	REAL(wp) :: z_p !<
	203	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !<
[1]	204
	205	#if defined( __parallel )
	206	!
	207	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
[82]	208	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
[1359]	209	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	210	blocklengths(1) = 7; blocklengths(2) = 18; blocklengths(3) = 1
	211	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 64; displacements(3) = 128
[82]	212
[1359]	213	types(1) = MPI_REAL ! 64 bit words
	214	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER ! 32 Bit words
	215	types(3) = MPI_UB
	216	#else
	217	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
	218	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
	219
[1]	220	types(1) = MPI_REAL
	221	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
	222	types(3) = MPI_UB
[1359]	223	#endif
[1]	224	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
	225	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	226	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	227	#endif
	228
	229	!
[150]	230	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
	231	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
	232	IF ( ocean ) THEN
	233	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
	234	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
	235	ENDIF
	236
[1359]	237	!
	238	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
[150]	239
[1359]	240	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
	241	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
	242	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
	243	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
	244	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
	245	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
	246	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
	247	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
[150]	248	!
[1]	249	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
	250	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
[274]	251	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
	252	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
[254]	253	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
	254	max_number_of_particle_groups
[849]	255	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	256	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
	257	ENDIF
	258
	259	!
	260	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
[1359]	261	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
	262	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
	263	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
	264	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
	265	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
	266	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
[1]	267
[1359]	268	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
	269	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
	270	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
[1]	271
	272	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	273	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
	274	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
	275	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
	276	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
	277	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
	278	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
	279	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
	280	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
	281	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
[1]	282	ENDDO
	283
	284	!
[849]	285	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
	286	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
	287	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	288	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	289	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	290	ENDIF
	291
	292	!
[1314]	293	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
	294	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
	295	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
	296	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
	297	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
	298	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
	299	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
[1691]	300	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
[1314]	301
	302	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
	303	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
	304
	305	!
	306	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
	307	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
	308	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
	309	!-- negligible.
	310	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1359]	311	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
[1314]	312
[1320]	313	#if defined( __parallel )
[1314]	314	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	315	comm2d, ierr )
[1320]	316	#else
	317	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
	318	#endif
[1314]	319
	320	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
	321	!
	322	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
[1359]	323	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
[1314]	324	!
	325	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
[1322]	326	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
[1314]	327	!
	328	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
[1359]	329	height_p = 0.0_wp
[1314]	330	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
	331
	332	height_p = height_p + height_int
	333	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
	334
	335	ENDDO
	336
	337
	338	ENDIF
	339
	340	!
[1359]	341	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
	342	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
	343
	344	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	345	ibc_par_b = 1
	346
	347	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	348	ibc_par_b = 2
	349
	350	CASE DEFAULT
	351	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	352	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
	353	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	354
	355	END SELECT
	356	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
	357
	358	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	359	ibc_par_t = 1
	360
	361	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	362	ibc_par_t = 2
	363
	364	CASE DEFAULT
	365	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	366	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
	367	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	368
	369	END SELECT
	370	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
	371
	372	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	373	ibc_par_lr = 0
	374
	375	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	376	ibc_par_lr = 1
	377
	378	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	379	ibc_par_lr = 2
	380
	381	CASE DEFAULT
	382	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	383	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
	384	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	385
	386	END SELECT
	387	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
	388
	389	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	390	ibc_par_ns = 0
	391
	392	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	393	ibc_par_ns = 1
	394
	395	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	396	ibc_par_ns = 2
	397
	398	CASE DEFAULT
	399	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	400	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
	401	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	402
	403	END SELECT
	404
	405	!
[828]	406	!-- Initialize collision kernels
	407	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
	408
	409	!
[1]	410	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
[849]	411	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
[1]	412	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
	413	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
	414
[849]	415	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
[1]	416
	417	ELSE
	418
	419	!
	420	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
	421	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
	422	!-- Also allocate array for particle tail coordinates, if needed.
[1359]	423	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	424	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1]	425
[1359]	426	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
	427	number_of_particles = 0
[792]	428
	429	sort_count = 0
[1359]	430	prt_count = 0
[792]	431
[1]	432	!
	433	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
	434	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
	435	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
[1359]	436	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	437	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
	438	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	439	0, .FALSE., 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	440	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
	441	0.0_sp, 0, 0, 0, -1)
	442	#else
	443	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	444	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	445	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	446	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
	447	0, .FALSE., -1)
	448	#endif
	449	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
[1]	450
	451	!
	452	!-- Set the default particle size used for dvrp plots
[1359]	453	IF ( dvrp_psize == 9999999.9_wp ) dvrp_psize = 0.2_wp * dx
[1]	454
	455	!
	456	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
	457	!-- groups, if necessary
[1359]	458	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
	459	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
[1]	460	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	461	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
[1]	462	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
	463	ENDIF
[1359]	464	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
[1]	465	ENDDO
	466
	467	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	468	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
[254]	469	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
	470	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
[849]	471	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	472	ENDIF
	473	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
	474	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
	475	ENDDO
	476
[1359]	477	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
[1]	478	!
[1359]	479	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
	480	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
	481	!-- different on the different PEs.
	482	iran_part = iran_part + myid
	483
	484	!
	485	!-- User modification of initial particles
	486	CALL user_lpm_init
	487
	488	!
	489	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
	490	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
	491	CALL check_open( 80 )
	492	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
	493	number_of_particles, &
	494	maximum_number_of_particles
	495	CALL close_file( 80 )
	496	ENDIF
	497
	498	!
	499	!-- Check if particles are really uniform in color and radius (dvrp_size)
	500	!-- (uniform_particles is preset TRUE)
	501	IF ( uniform_particles ) THEN
	502	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	503	DO jp = nys, nyn
	504	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	505
	506	n = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	507	IF ( MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) == &
	508	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) .AND. &
	509	MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) == &
	510	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) ) THEN
	511	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
	512	ELSE
	513	uniform_particles_l = .FALSE.
	514	ENDIF
	515
	516	ENDDO
	517	ENDDO
	518	ENDDO
	519
	520	#if defined( __parallel )
	521	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	522	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( uniform_particles_l, uniform_particles, 1, &
	523	MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LAND, comm2d, ierr )
	524	#else
	525	uniform_particles = uniform_particles_l
	526	#endif
	527
	528	ENDIF
	529
	530	!
	531	!-- Particles will probably become none-uniform, if their size and color
	532	!-- will be determined by flow variables
	533	IF ( particle_color /= 'none' .OR. particle_dvrpsize /= 'none' ) THEN
	534	uniform_particles = .FALSE.
	535	ENDIF
	536
	537	! !kk Not implemented aft individual particle array fort every gridcell
	538	! !
	539	! !-- Set the beginning of the particle tails and their age
	540	! IF ( use_particle_tails ) THEN
	541	! !
	542	! !-- Choose the maximum number of tails with respect to the maximum number
	543	! !-- of particles and skip_particles_for_tail
	544	! maximum_number_of_tails = maximum_number_of_particles / &
	545	! skip_particles_for_tail
	546	!
	547	! !
	548	! !-- Create a minimum number of tails in case that there is no tail
	549	! !-- initially (otherwise, index errors will occur when adressing the
	550	! !-- arrays below)
	551	! IF ( maximum_number_of_tails == 0 ) maximum_number_of_tails = 10
	552	!
	553	! ALLOCATE( particle_tail_coordinates(maximum_number_of_tailpoints,5, &
	554	! maximum_number_of_tails), &
	555	! new_tail_id(maximum_number_of_tails), &
	556	! tail_mask(maximum_number_of_tails) )
	557	!
	558	! particle_tail_coordinates = 0.0_wp
	559	! minimum_tailpoint_distance = minimum_tailpoint_distance**2
	560	! number_of_initial_tails = number_of_tails
	561	!
	562	! nn = 0
	563	! DO n = 1, number_of_particles
	564	! !
	565	! !-- Only for those particles marked above with a provisional tail_id
	566	! !-- tails will be created. Particles now get their final tail_id.
	567	! IF ( particles(n)%tail_id /= 0 ) THEN
	568	!
	569	! nn = nn + 1
	570	! particles(n)%tail_id = nn
	571	!
	572	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
	573	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
	574	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
	575	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
	576	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 1
	577	! IF ( minimum_tailpoint_distance /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	578	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
	579	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
	580	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
	581	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
	582	! particle_tail_coordinates(1:2,5,nn) = 0.0_wp
	583	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 2
	584	! ENDIF
	585	!
	586	! ENDIF
	587	! ENDDO
	588	! ENDIF
	589	!
	590	! !
	591	! !-- Plot initial positions of particles (only if particle advection is
	592	! !-- switched on from the beginning of the simulation (t=0))
	593	! IF ( particle_advection_start == 0.0_wp ) CALL data_output_dvrp
	594
	595	ENDIF
	596
	597	!
	598	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
	599	!-- first grid cell
	600	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
	601	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	602
	603	!
	604	!-- Formats
	605	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
	606
	607	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	608
[1682]	609	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	610	! Description:
	611	! ------------
	612	!> @todo Missing subroutine description.
	613	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1359]	614	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
	615
	616	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
	617	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
	618
	619	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
	620	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
	621
	622	IMPLICIT NONE
	623
[1682]	624	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !<
	625	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
	626	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !<
	627	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
	628	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !<
	629	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !<
	630	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !<
	631	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !<
	632	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !<
	633	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !<
[1359]	634
[1682]	635	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !<
[1359]	636
[1682]	637	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !<
	638	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !<
[1359]	639
[1682]	640	LOGICAL :: first_stride !<
[1359]	641
[1682]	642	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !<
	643	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !<
	644	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !<
[1359]	645
[1682]	646	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !<
[1359]	647
	648	!
	649	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
	650	!-- particle is situated on this PE
	651	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
	652	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
	653	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	654	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
	655	ELSE
	656	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
	657	ENDIF
	658
[1]	659	n = 0
	660	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
	661
	662	pos_z = psb(i)
	663
	664	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
	665
	666	pos_y = pss(i)
	667
	668	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
	669
[1359]	670	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
	671	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
[1]	672
	673	pos_x = psl(i)
	674
[1575]	675	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
[1]	676
[1359]	677	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
	678	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
[1]	679
	680	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
	681
	682	n = n + 1
[1359]	683	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	684	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	685	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	686	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	687	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_sp
	688	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_sp
	689	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	690	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
	691	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_sp
	692	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	693	!
	694	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	695	!-- for Rosenbrock method
	696	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
	697	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
	698	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
	699	ELSE
	700	!
	701	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
	702	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	703	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	704	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[1]	705	ENDIF
[1359]	706	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_sp
	707	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_sp
	708	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_sp
	709	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	710	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	711	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	712	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	713	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	714	tmp_particle%class = 1
	715	tmp_particle%group = i
	716	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
	717	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	718	#else
	719	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	720	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	721	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	722	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
	723	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
	724	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	725	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
	726	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
[824]	727	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	728	!
	729	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	730	!-- for Rosenbrock method
[1359]	731	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
	732	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
	733	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
[824]	734	ELSE
	735	!
	736	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
[1359]	737	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	738	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	739	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[824]	740	ENDIF
[1359]	741	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
	742	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
	743	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
	744	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	745	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	746	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	747	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	748	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	749	tmp_particle%class = 1
	750	tmp_particle%group = i
	751	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
	752	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	753	#endif
[1]	754	IF ( use_particle_tails .AND. &
	755	MOD( n, skip_particles_for_tail ) == 0 ) THEN
	756	number_of_tails = number_of_tails + 1
	757	!
	758	!-- This is a temporary provisional setting (see
	759	!-- further below!)
[1359]	760	tmp_particle%tail_id = number_of_tails
[1]	761	ELSE
[1359]	762	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0
[1]	763	ENDIF
[1575]	764	!
	765	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
[1359]	766	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	767	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[1685]	768	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt
[1]	769
[1575]	770	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
	771	!
	772	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
	773	kp = kp + nzb_w_inner(jp,ip)
	774	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(kp)
	775	IF ( kp > nzt ) THEN
	776	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	777	CYCLE xloop
	778	ENDIF
	779	ENDIF
	780
[1359]	781	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
	782	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
	783	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
	784	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
	785	ENDIF
	786	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
	787	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
	788	ENDIF
	789	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
	790	ENDIF
[1]	791	ENDDO
	792
	793	ENDIF
	794
	795	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	796
[1575]	797	ENDDO xloop
[1]	798
	799	ENDIF
	800
	801	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
	802
	803	ENDDO
	804
	805	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
	806
	807	ENDDO
	808
	809	ENDDO
	810
[1359]	811	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	812	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	813	DO jp = nys, nyn
	814	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	815	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
	816	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	817	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
	818	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
	819	min_nr_particle )
	820	ELSE
	821	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
	822	ENDIF
	823	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
	824	DO n = 1, alloc_size
	825	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
	826	ENDDO
	827	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
	828	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	829	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	830	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
	831	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
	832	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
	833	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
	834	ENDIF
	835	ENDIF
	836	ENDIF
	837	ENDDO
	838	ENDDO
	839	ENDDO
	840	ENDIF
	841	ENDDO
[1]	842
[1359]	843	local_start = prt_count+1
	844	prt_count = local_count
[1]	845	!
[1359]	846	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
	847	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
	848	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	849	DO jp = nys, nyn
	850	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	851	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	852	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	853	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
[1]	854
[1359]	855	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
	856	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	857	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
	858	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	859	pdx(particles(n)%group)
	860	ENDIF
	861	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	862	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
	863	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	864	pdy(particles(n)%group)
	865	ENDIF
	866	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	867	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
	868	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	869	pdz(particles(n)%group)
	870	ENDIF
	871	ENDDO
[1]	872	!
[1359]	873	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
	874	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
	875	ENDDO
	876	ENDDO
	877	ENDDO
[1]	878	!
[1359]	879	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
	880	CALL lpm_move_particle
	881	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
[1]	882
[1359]	883	ENDIF
[1]	884	!
[1359]	885	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
	886	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
	887	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
	888	!-- position.
	889	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
[1]	890
	891	!
[1359]	892	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
	893	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
	894	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	895	DO jp = nys, nyn
	896	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	897	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
	898	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
	899	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
	900	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
[1]	901	ENDDO
[1359]	902	ENDDO
	903	ENDDO
[1]	904	!
[1359]	905	!-- Calculate the number of particles and tails of the total domain
[1]	906	#if defined( __parallel )
[1359]	907	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	908	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
	909	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	910	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	911	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_tails, total_number_of_tails, 1, &
	912	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1]	913	#else
[1359]	914	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
	915	total_number_of_tails = number_of_tails
[1]	916	#endif
	917
[1359]	918	RETURN
[1]	919
[1359]	920	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
[336]	921
[1359]	922	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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