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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1660

Last change on this file since 1660 was 1576, checked in by raasch, 10 years ago
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[1359]	1	MODULE lpm_init_mod
[1]	2
[1036]	3	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	4	! This file is part of PALM.
	5	!
	6	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
	7	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
	8	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[1310]	17	! Copyright 1997-2014 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1036]	18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	19	!
[254]	20	! Current revisions:
[1]	21	! -----------------
[1329]	22	!
[1576]	23	!
[1321]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1576 2015-03-27 10:23:30Z gronemeier $
	27	!
[1576]	28	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
	29	! initial vertical particle position is allowed to follow the topography
	30	!
[1360]	31	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
	32	! New particle structure integrated.
	33	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
	34	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
	35	!
[1329]	36	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
	37	! -netcdf_output
	38	!
[1323]	39	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
	40	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
	41	!
[1321]	42	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	43	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	44	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	45	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	46	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	47	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	48	! all variable declaration statements
	49	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
[850]	50	!
[1315]	51	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
	52	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
	53	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
	54	!
[1093]	55	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
	56	! unused variables removed
	57	!
[1037]	58	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	59	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	60	!
[850]	61	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
[849]	62	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
	63	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
	64	! advec_particles),
	65	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
[392]	66	!
[829]	67	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
	68	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
	69	!
[826]	70	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
	71	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
	72	! array particles implemented as pointer
	73	!
[668]	74	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
	75	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
	76	! of arrays.
	77	!
[1]	78	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
	79	! Initial revision
	80	!
	81	!
	82	! Description:
	83	! ------------
	84	! This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
[849]	85	! radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
[1]	86	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	87
[1320]	88	USE arrays_3d, &
	89	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
	90
	91	USE cloud_parameters, &
	92	ONLY: curvature_solution_effects
	93
	94	USE control_parameters, &
[1359]	95	ONLY: cloud_droplets, current_timestep_number, dz, &
	96	initializing_actions, message_string, netcdf_data_format, &
	97	ocean, prandtl_layer, simulated_time
[1320]	98
	99	USE dvrp_variables, &
	100	ONLY: particle_color, particle_dvrpsize
	101
	102	USE grid_variables, &
[1359]	103	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
[1320]	104
	105	USE indices, &
[1575]	106	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, &
	107	nzb_w_inner, nzt
[1320]	108
	109	USE kinds
	110
	111	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	112	ONLY: init_kernels
	113
	114	USE particle_attributes, &
[1359]	115	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
	116	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
	117	density_ratio, dvrp_psize, grid_particles, &
	118	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
	119	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
	120	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
	121	maximum_number_of_tailpoints, maximum_number_of_tails, &
	122	minimum_tailpoint_distance, min_nr_particle, &
	123	mpi_particle_type, new_tail_id, &
[1320]	124	number_of_initial_tails, number_of_particles, &
	125	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
[1359]	126	number_of_tails, offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
	127	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
	128	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
[1320]	129	particle_tail_coordinates, particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
[1359]	130	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
[1320]	131	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
[1575]	132	seed_follows_topography, skip_particles_for_tail, sort_count, &
[1359]	133	tail_mask, total_number_of_particles, total_number_of_tails, &
[1320]	134	use_particle_tails, use_sgs_for_particles, &
[1359]	135	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
	136	z0_av_global
[1320]	137
[1]	138	USE pegrid
	139
[1320]	140	USE random_function_mod, &
	141	ONLY: random_function
[1]	142
[1359]	143	IMPLICIT NONE
[1320]	144
[1359]	145	PRIVATE
	146
	147	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !:
	148	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !:
	149
	150	INTERFACE lpm_init
	151	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
	152	END INTERFACE lpm_init
	153
	154	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	155	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
	156	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	157
	158	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
	159
	160	CONTAINS
	161
	162	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	163
	164	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	165	ONLY: init_kernels
	166
[1]	167	IMPLICIT NONE
	168
[1320]	169	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !:
[1359]	170	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !:
[1320]	171	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !:
[1359]	172	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !:
[1320]	173	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !:
[1359]	174	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !:
[1320]	175	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !:
	176	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !:
	177
[1]	178	#if defined( __parallel )
[1320]	179	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !:
	180	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !:
	181	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !:
[1]	182	#endif
[1320]	183	LOGICAL :: uniform_particles_l !:
[1]	184
[1359]	185	REAL(wp) :: height_int !:
	186	REAL(wp) :: height_p !:
	187	REAL(wp) :: z_p !:
	188	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !:
[1]	189
	190	#if defined( __parallel )
	191	!
	192	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
[82]	193	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
[1359]	194	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	195	blocklengths(1) = 7; blocklengths(2) = 18; blocklengths(3) = 1
	196	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 64; displacements(3) = 128
[82]	197
[1359]	198	types(1) = MPI_REAL ! 64 bit words
	199	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER ! 32 Bit words
	200	types(3) = MPI_UB
	201	#else
	202	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
	203	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
	204
[1]	205	types(1) = MPI_REAL
	206	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
	207	types(3) = MPI_UB
[1359]	208	#endif
[1]	209	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
	210	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	211	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	212	#endif
	213
	214	!
[150]	215	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
	216	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
	217	IF ( ocean ) THEN
	218	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
	219	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
	220	ENDIF
	221
[1359]	222	!
	223	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
[150]	224
[1359]	225	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
	226	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
	227	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
	228	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
	229	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
	230	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
	231	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
	232	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
[150]	233	!
[1]	234	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
	235	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
[274]	236	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
	237	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
[254]	238	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
	239	max_number_of_particle_groups
[849]	240	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	241	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
	242	ENDIF
	243
	244	!
	245	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
[1359]	246	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
	247	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
	248	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
	249	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
	250	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
	251	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
[1]	252
[1359]	253	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
	254	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
	255	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
[1]	256
	257	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	258	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
	259	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
	260	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
	261	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
	262	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
	263	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
	264	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
	265	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
	266	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
[1]	267	ENDDO
	268
	269	!
[849]	270	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
	271	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
	272	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	273	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	274	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	275	ENDIF
	276
	277	!
[1314]	278	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
	279	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
	280	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
	281	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
	282	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
	283	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
	284	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
	285	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
	286
	287	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
	288	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
	289
	290	!
	291	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
	292	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
	293	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
	294	!-- negligible.
	295	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1359]	296	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
[1314]	297
[1320]	298	#if defined( __parallel )
[1314]	299	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	300	comm2d, ierr )
[1320]	301	#else
	302	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
	303	#endif
[1314]	304
	305	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
	306	!
	307	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
[1359]	308	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
[1314]	309	!
	310	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
[1322]	311	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
[1314]	312	!
	313	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
[1359]	314	height_p = 0.0_wp
[1314]	315	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
	316
	317	height_p = height_p + height_int
	318	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
	319
	320	ENDDO
	321
	322
	323	ENDIF
	324
	325	!
[1359]	326	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
	327	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
	328
	329	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	330	ibc_par_b = 1
	331
	332	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	333	ibc_par_b = 2
	334
	335	CASE DEFAULT
	336	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	337	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
	338	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	339
	340	END SELECT
	341	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
	342
	343	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	344	ibc_par_t = 1
	345
	346	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	347	ibc_par_t = 2
	348
	349	CASE DEFAULT
	350	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	351	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
	352	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	353
	354	END SELECT
	355	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
	356
	357	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	358	ibc_par_lr = 0
	359
	360	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	361	ibc_par_lr = 1
	362
	363	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	364	ibc_par_lr = 2
	365
	366	CASE DEFAULT
	367	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	368	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
	369	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	370
	371	END SELECT
	372	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
	373
	374	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	375	ibc_par_ns = 0
	376
	377	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	378	ibc_par_ns = 1
	379
	380	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	381	ibc_par_ns = 2
	382
	383	CASE DEFAULT
	384	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	385	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
	386	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	387
	388	END SELECT
	389
	390	!
[828]	391	!-- Initialize collision kernels
	392	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
	393
	394	!
[1]	395	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
[849]	396	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
[1]	397	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
	398	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
	399
[849]	400	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
[1]	401
	402	ELSE
	403
	404	!
	405	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
	406	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
	407	!-- Also allocate array for particle tail coordinates, if needed.
[1359]	408	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	409	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1]	410
[1359]	411	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
	412	number_of_particles = 0
[792]	413
	414	sort_count = 0
[1359]	415	prt_count = 0
[792]	416
[1]	417	!
	418	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
	419	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
	420	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
[1359]	421	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	422	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
	423	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	424	0, .FALSE., 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	425	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
	426	0.0_sp, 0, 0, 0, -1)
	427	#else
	428	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	429	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	430	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	431	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
	432	0, .FALSE., -1)
	433	#endif
	434	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
[1]	435
	436	!
	437	!-- Set the default particle size used for dvrp plots
[1359]	438	IF ( dvrp_psize == 9999999.9_wp ) dvrp_psize = 0.2_wp * dx
[1]	439
	440	!
	441	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
	442	!-- groups, if necessary
[1359]	443	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
	444	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
[1]	445	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	446	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
[1]	447	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
	448	ENDIF
[1359]	449	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
[1]	450	ENDDO
	451
	452	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	453	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
[254]	454	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
	455	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
[849]	456	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	457	ENDIF
	458	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
	459	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
	460	ENDDO
	461
[1359]	462	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
[1]	463	!
[1359]	464	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
	465	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
	466	!-- different on the different PEs.
	467	iran_part = iran_part + myid
	468
	469	!
	470	!-- User modification of initial particles
	471	CALL user_lpm_init
	472
	473	!
	474	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
	475	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
	476	CALL check_open( 80 )
	477	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
	478	number_of_particles, &
	479	maximum_number_of_particles
	480	CALL close_file( 80 )
	481	ENDIF
	482
	483	!
	484	!-- Check if particles are really uniform in color and radius (dvrp_size)
	485	!-- (uniform_particles is preset TRUE)
	486	IF ( uniform_particles ) THEN
	487	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	488	DO jp = nys, nyn
	489	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	490
	491	n = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	492	IF ( MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) == &
	493	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) .AND. &
	494	MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) == &
	495	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) ) THEN
	496	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
	497	ELSE
	498	uniform_particles_l = .FALSE.
	499	ENDIF
	500
	501	ENDDO
	502	ENDDO
	503	ENDDO
	504
	505	#if defined( __parallel )
	506	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	507	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( uniform_particles_l, uniform_particles, 1, &
	508	MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LAND, comm2d, ierr )
	509	#else
	510	uniform_particles = uniform_particles_l
	511	#endif
	512
	513	ENDIF
	514
	515	!
	516	!-- Particles will probably become none-uniform, if their size and color
	517	!-- will be determined by flow variables
	518	IF ( particle_color /= 'none' .OR. particle_dvrpsize /= 'none' ) THEN
	519	uniform_particles = .FALSE.
	520	ENDIF
	521
	522	! !kk Not implemented aft individual particle array fort every gridcell
	523	! !
	524	! !-- Set the beginning of the particle tails and their age
	525	! IF ( use_particle_tails ) THEN
	526	! !
	527	! !-- Choose the maximum number of tails with respect to the maximum number
	528	! !-- of particles and skip_particles_for_tail
	529	! maximum_number_of_tails = maximum_number_of_particles / &
	530	! skip_particles_for_tail
	531	!
	532	! !
	533	! !-- Create a minimum number of tails in case that there is no tail
	534	! !-- initially (otherwise, index errors will occur when adressing the
	535	! !-- arrays below)
	536	! IF ( maximum_number_of_tails == 0 ) maximum_number_of_tails = 10
	537	!
	538	! ALLOCATE( particle_tail_coordinates(maximum_number_of_tailpoints,5, &
	539	! maximum_number_of_tails), &
	540	! new_tail_id(maximum_number_of_tails), &
	541	! tail_mask(maximum_number_of_tails) )
	542	!
	543	! particle_tail_coordinates = 0.0_wp
	544	! minimum_tailpoint_distance = minimum_tailpoint_distance**2
	545	! number_of_initial_tails = number_of_tails
	546	!
	547	! nn = 0
	548	! DO n = 1, number_of_particles
	549	! !
	550	! !-- Only for those particles marked above with a provisional tail_id
	551	! !-- tails will be created. Particles now get their final tail_id.
	552	! IF ( particles(n)%tail_id /= 0 ) THEN
	553	!
	554	! nn = nn + 1
	555	! particles(n)%tail_id = nn
	556	!
	557	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
	558	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
	559	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
	560	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
	561	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 1
	562	! IF ( minimum_tailpoint_distance /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	563	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
	564	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
	565	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
	566	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
	567	! particle_tail_coordinates(1:2,5,nn) = 0.0_wp
	568	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 2
	569	! ENDIF
	570	!
	571	! ENDIF
	572	! ENDDO
	573	! ENDIF
	574	!
	575	! !
	576	! !-- Plot initial positions of particles (only if particle advection is
	577	! !-- switched on from the beginning of the simulation (t=0))
	578	! IF ( particle_advection_start == 0.0_wp ) CALL data_output_dvrp
	579
	580	ENDIF
	581
	582	!
	583	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
	584	!-- first grid cell
	585	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
	586	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	587
	588	!
	589	!-- Formats
	590	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
	591
	592	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	593
	594	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
	595
	596	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
	597	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
	598
	599	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
	600	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
	601
	602	IMPLICIT NONE
	603
	604	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !:
	605	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !:
	606	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !:
	607	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !:
	608	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !:
	609	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !:
	610	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !:
	611	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !:
	612	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !:
	613	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !:
	614
	615	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !:
	616
	617	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !:
	618	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !:
	619
	620	LOGICAL :: first_stride !:
	621
	622	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !:
	623	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !:
	624	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !:
	625
	626	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !:
	627
	628	!
	629	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
	630	!-- particle is situated on this PE
	631	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
	632	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
	633	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	634	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
	635	ELSE
	636	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
	637	ENDIF
	638
[1]	639	n = 0
	640	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
	641
	642	pos_z = psb(i)
	643
	644	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
	645
	646	pos_y = pss(i)
	647
	648	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
	649
[1359]	650	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
	651	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
[1]	652
	653	pos_x = psl(i)
	654
[1575]	655	xloop: DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
[1]	656
[1359]	657	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
	658	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
[1]	659
	660	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
	661
	662	n = n + 1
[1359]	663	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	664	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	665	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	666	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	667	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_sp
	668	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_sp
	669	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	670	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
	671	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_sp
	672	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	673	!
	674	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	675	!-- for Rosenbrock method
	676	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
	677	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
	678	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
	679	ELSE
	680	!
	681	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
	682	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	683	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	684	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[1]	685	ENDIF
[1359]	686	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_sp
	687	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_sp
	688	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_sp
	689	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	690	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	691	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	692	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	693	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	694	tmp_particle%class = 1
	695	tmp_particle%group = i
	696	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
	697	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	698	#else
	699	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	700	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	701	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	702	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
	703	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
	704	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	705	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
	706	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
[824]	707	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	708	!
	709	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	710	!-- for Rosenbrock method
[1359]	711	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
	712	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
	713	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
[824]	714	ELSE
	715	!
	716	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
[1359]	717	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	718	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	719	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[824]	720	ENDIF
[1359]	721	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
	722	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
	723	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
	724	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	725	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	726	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	727	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	728	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	729	tmp_particle%class = 1
	730	tmp_particle%group = i
	731	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
	732	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	733	#endif
[1]	734	IF ( use_particle_tails .AND. &
	735	MOD( n, skip_particles_for_tail ) == 0 ) THEN
	736	number_of_tails = number_of_tails + 1
	737	!
	738	!-- This is a temporary provisional setting (see
	739	!-- further below!)
[1359]	740	tmp_particle%tail_id = number_of_tails
[1]	741	ELSE
[1359]	742	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0
[1]	743	ENDIF
[1575]	744	!
	745	!-- Determine the grid indices of the particle position
[1359]	746	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	747	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
	748	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt_m1
[1]	749
[1575]	750	IF ( seed_follows_topography ) THEN
	751	!
	752	!-- Particle height is given relative to topography
	753	kp = kp + nzb_w_inner(jp,ip)
	754	tmp_particle%z = tmp_particle%z + zw(kp)
	755	IF ( kp > nzt ) THEN
	756	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	757	CYCLE xloop
	758	ENDIF
	759	ENDIF
	760
[1359]	761	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
	762	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
	763	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
	764	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
	765	ENDIF
	766	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
	767	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
	768	ENDIF
	769	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
	770	ENDIF
[1]	771	ENDDO
	772
	773	ENDIF
	774
	775	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	776
[1575]	777	ENDDO xloop
[1]	778
	779	ENDIF
	780
	781	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
	782
	783	ENDDO
	784
	785	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
	786
	787	ENDDO
	788
	789	ENDDO
	790
[1359]	791	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	792	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	793	DO jp = nys, nyn
	794	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	795	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
	796	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	797	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
	798	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
	799	min_nr_particle )
	800	ELSE
	801	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
	802	ENDIF
	803	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
	804	DO n = 1, alloc_size
	805	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
	806	ENDDO
	807	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
	808	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	809	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	810	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
	811	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
	812	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
	813	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
	814	ENDIF
	815	ENDIF
	816	ENDIF
	817	ENDDO
	818	ENDDO
	819	ENDDO
	820	ENDIF
	821	ENDDO
[1]	822
[1359]	823	local_start = prt_count+1
	824	prt_count = local_count
[1]	825	!
[1359]	826	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
	827	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
	828	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	829	DO jp = nys, nyn
	830	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	831	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	832	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	833	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
[1]	834
[1359]	835	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
	836	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	837	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
	838	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	839	pdx(particles(n)%group)
	840	ENDIF
	841	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	842	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
	843	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	844	pdy(particles(n)%group)
	845	ENDIF
	846	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	847	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
	848	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	849	pdz(particles(n)%group)
	850	ENDIF
	851	ENDDO
[1]	852	!
[1359]	853	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
	854	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
	855	ENDDO
	856	ENDDO
	857	ENDDO
[1]	858	!
[1359]	859	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
	860	CALL lpm_move_particle
	861	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
[1]	862
[1359]	863	ENDIF
[1]	864	!
[1359]	865	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
	866	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
	867	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
	868	!-- position.
	869	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
[1]	870
	871	!
[1359]	872	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
	873	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
	874	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	875	DO jp = nys, nyn
	876	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	877	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
	878	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
	879	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
	880	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
[1]	881	ENDDO
[1359]	882	ENDDO
	883	ENDDO
[1]	884	!
[1359]	885	!-- Calculate the number of particles and tails of the total domain
[1]	886	#if defined( __parallel )
[1359]	887	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	888	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
	889	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	890	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	891	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_tails, total_number_of_tails, 1, &
	892	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1]	893	#else
[1359]	894	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
	895	total_number_of_tails = number_of_tails
[1]	896	#endif
	897
[1359]	898	RETURN
[1]	899
[1359]	900	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
[336]	901
[1359]	902	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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