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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_init.f90 @ 1359

Last change on this file since 1359 was 1359, checked in by hoffmann, 11 years ago
new Lagrangian particle structure integrated
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 34.8 KB

Rev	Line
[1359]	1	MODULE lpm_init_mod
[1]	2
[1036]	3	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	4	! This file is part of PALM.
	5	!
	6	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
	7	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
	8	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[1310]	17	! Copyright 1997-2014 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[1036]	18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	19	!
[254]	20	! Current revisions:
[1]	21	! -----------------
[1359]	22	! New particle structure integrated.
	23	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
	24	! lpm_init changed form a subroutine to a module.
[1329]	25	!
[1321]	26	! Former revisions:
	27	! -----------------
	28	! $Id: lpm_init.f90 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann $
	29	!
[1329]	30	! 1327 2014-03-21 11:00:16Z raasch
	31	! -netcdf_output
	32	!
[1323]	33	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
	34	! REAL functions provided with KIND-attribute
	35	!
[1321]	36	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	37	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	38	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	39	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	40	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	41	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	42	! all variable declaration statements
	43	! bugfix: #if defined( __parallel ) added
[850]	44	!
[1315]	45	! 1314 2014-03-14 18:25:17Z suehring
	46	! Vertical logarithmic interpolation of horizontal particle speed for particles
	47	! between roughness height and first vertical grid level.
	48	!
[1093]	49	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
	50	! unused variables removed
	51	!
[1037]	52	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	53	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	54	!
[850]	55	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
[849]	56	! routine renamed: init_particles -> lpm_init
	57	! de_dx, de_dy, de_dz are allocated here (instead of automatic arrays in
	58	! advec_particles),
	59	! sort_particles renamed lpm_sort_arrays, user_init_particles renamed lpm_init
[392]	60	!
[829]	61	! 828 2012-02-21 12:00:36Z raasch
	62	! call of init_kernels, particle feature color renamed class
	63	!
[826]	64	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
	65	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3,
	66	! array particles implemented as pointer
	67	!
[668]	68	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
	69	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng for allocation
	70	! of arrays.
	71	!
[1]	72	! Revision 1.1 1999/11/25 16:22:38 raasch
	73	! Initial revision
	74	!
	75	!
	76	! Description:
	77	! ------------
	78	! This routine initializes a set of particles and their attributes (position,
[849]	79	! radius, ..) which are used by the Lagrangian particle model (see lpm).
[1]	80	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
	81
[1320]	82	USE arrays_3d, &
	83	ONLY: de_dx, de_dy, de_dz, zu, zw, z0
	84
	85	USE cloud_parameters, &
	86	ONLY: curvature_solution_effects
	87
	88	USE control_parameters, &
[1359]	89	ONLY: cloud_droplets, current_timestep_number, dz, &
	90	initializing_actions, message_string, netcdf_data_format, &
	91	ocean, prandtl_layer, simulated_time
[1320]	92
	93	USE dvrp_variables, &
	94	ONLY: particle_color, particle_dvrpsize
	95
	96	USE grid_variables, &
[1359]	97	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
[1320]	98
	99	USE indices, &
	100	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxrg, nxr, ny, nyn, nys, nyng, nysg, nz, nzb, nzt
	101
	102	USE kinds
	103
	104	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	105	ONLY: init_kernels
	106
	107	USE particle_attributes, &
[1359]	108	ONLY: alloc_factor, bc_par_b, bc_par_lr, bc_par_ns, bc_par_t, &
	109	block_offset, block_offset_def, collision_kernel, &
	110	density_ratio, dvrp_psize, grid_particles, &
	111	initial_weighting_factor, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_lr, ibc_par_ns, &
	112	ibc_par_t, iran_part, log_z_z0, &
	113	max_number_of_particle_groups, maximum_number_of_particles, &
	114	maximum_number_of_tailpoints, maximum_number_of_tails, &
	115	minimum_tailpoint_distance, min_nr_particle, &
	116	mpi_particle_type, new_tail_id, &
[1320]	117	number_of_initial_tails, number_of_particles, &
	118	number_of_particle_groups, number_of_sublayers, &
[1359]	119	number_of_tails, offset_ocean_nzt, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
	120	particles, particle_advection_start, particle_groups, &
	121	particle_groups_type, particles_per_point, &
[1320]	122	particle_tail_coordinates, particle_type, pdx, pdy, pdz, &
[1359]	123	prt_count, psb, psl, psn, psr, pss, pst, &
[1320]	124	radius, random_start_position, read_particles_from_restartfile,&
[1359]	125	skip_particles_for_tail, sort_count, &
	126	tail_mask, total_number_of_particles, total_number_of_tails, &
[1320]	127	use_particle_tails, use_sgs_for_particles, &
[1359]	128	write_particle_statistics, uniform_particles, zero_particle, &
	129	z0_av_global
[1320]	130
[1]	131	USE pegrid
	132
[1320]	133	USE random_function_mod, &
	134	ONLY: random_function
[1]	135
[1359]	136	IMPLICIT NONE
[1320]	137
[1359]	138	PRIVATE
	139
	140	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER :: PHASE_INIT = 1 !:
	141	INTEGER(iwp), PARAMETER, PUBLIC :: PHASE_RELEASE = 2 !:
	142
	143	INTERFACE lpm_init
	144	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_init
	145	END INTERFACE lpm_init
	146
	147	INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	148	MODULE PROCEDURE lpm_create_particle
	149	END INTERFACE lpm_create_particle
	150
	151	PUBLIC lpm_init, lpm_create_particle
	152
	153	CONTAINS
	154
	155	SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	156
	157	USE lpm_collision_kernels_mod, &
	158	ONLY: init_kernels
	159
[1]	160	IMPLICIT NONE
	161
[1320]	162	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !:
[1359]	163	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !:
[1320]	164	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !:
[1359]	165	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !:
[1320]	166	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !:
[1359]	167	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !:
[1320]	168	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !:
	169	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !:
	170
[1]	171	#if defined( __parallel )
[1320]	172	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: blocklengths !:
	173	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: displacements !:
	174	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(3) :: types !:
[1]	175	#endif
[1320]	176	LOGICAL :: uniform_particles_l !:
[1]	177
[1359]	178	REAL(wp) :: height_int !:
	179	REAL(wp) :: height_p !:
	180	REAL(wp) :: z_p !:
	181	REAL(wp) :: z0_av_local !:
[1]	182
	183	#if defined( __parallel )
	184	!
	185	!-- Define MPI derived datatype for FORTRAN datatype particle_type (see module
[82]	186	!-- particle_attributes). Integer length is 4 byte, Real is 8 byte
[1359]	187	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	188	blocklengths(1) = 7; blocklengths(2) = 18; blocklengths(3) = 1
	189	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 64; displacements(3) = 128
[82]	190
[1359]	191	types(1) = MPI_REAL ! 64 bit words
	192	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER ! 32 Bit words
	193	types(3) = MPI_UB
	194	#else
	195	blocklengths(1) = 19; blocklengths(2) = 6; blocklengths(3) = 1
	196	displacements(1) = 0; displacements(2) = 152; displacements(3) = 176
	197
[1]	198	types(1) = MPI_REAL
	199	types(2) = MPI_INTEGER
	200	types(3) = MPI_UB
[1359]	201	#endif
[1]	202	CALL MPI_TYPE_STRUCT( 3, blocklengths, displacements, types, &
	203	mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	204	CALL MPI_TYPE_COMMIT( mpi_particle_type, ierr )
	205	#endif
	206
	207	!
[150]	208	!-- In case of oceans runs, the vertical index calculations need an offset,
	209	!-- because otherwise the k indices will become negative
	210	IF ( ocean ) THEN
	211	offset_ocean_nzt = nzt
	212	offset_ocean_nzt_m1 = nzt - 1
	213	ENDIF
	214
[1359]	215	!
	216	!-- Define block offsets for dividing a gridcell in 8 sub cells
[150]	217
[1359]	218	block_offset(0) = block_offset_def (-1,-1,-1)
	219	block_offset(1) = block_offset_def (-1,-1, 0)
	220	block_offset(2) = block_offset_def (-1, 0,-1)
	221	block_offset(3) = block_offset_def (-1, 0, 0)
	222	block_offset(4) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1,-1)
	223	block_offset(5) = block_offset_def ( 0,-1, 0)
	224	block_offset(6) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0,-1)
	225	block_offset(7) = block_offset_def ( 0, 0, 0)
[150]	226	!
[1]	227	!-- Check the number of particle groups.
	228	IF ( number_of_particle_groups > max_number_of_particle_groups ) THEN
[274]	229	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'max_number_of_particle_groups =', &
	230	max_number_of_particle_groups , &
[254]	231	'&number_of_particle_groups reset to ', &
	232	max_number_of_particle_groups
[849]	233	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0213', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	234	number_of_particle_groups = max_number_of_particle_groups
	235	ENDIF
	236
	237	!
	238	!-- Set default start positions, if necessary
[1359]	239	IF ( psl(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(1) = -0.5_wp * dx
	240	IF ( psr(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(1) = ( nx + 0.5_wp ) * dx
	241	IF ( pss(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(1) = -0.5_wp * dy
	242	IF ( psn(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(1) = ( ny + 0.5_wp ) * dy
	243	IF ( psb(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(1) = zu(nz/2)
	244	IF ( pst(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(1) = psb(1)
[1]	245
[1359]	246	IF ( pdx(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(1) = dx
	247	IF ( pdy(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(1) = dy
	248	IF ( pdz(1) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(1) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(1) = zu(2) - zu(1)
[1]	249
	250	DO j = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	251	IF ( psl(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psl(j) = psl(j-1)
	252	IF ( psr(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psr(j) = psr(j-1)
	253	IF ( pss(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pss(j) = pss(j-1)
	254	IF ( psn(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psn(j) = psn(j-1)
	255	IF ( psb(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) psb(j) = psb(j-1)
	256	IF ( pst(j) == 9999999.9_wp ) pst(j) = pst(j-1)
	257	IF ( pdx(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdx(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdx(j) = pdx(j-1)
	258	IF ( pdy(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdy(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdy(j) = pdy(j-1)
	259	IF ( pdz(j) == 9999999.9_wp .OR. pdz(j) == 0.0_wp ) pdz(j) = pdz(j-1)
[1]	260	ENDDO
	261
	262	!
[849]	263	!-- Allocate arrays required for calculating particle SGS velocities
	264	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles ) THEN
	265	ALLOCATE( de_dx(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	266	de_dy(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	267	de_dz(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
	268	ENDIF
	269
	270	!
[1314]	271	!-- Allocate array required for logarithmic vertical interpolation of
	272	!-- horizontal particle velocities between the surface and the first vertical
	273	!-- grid level. In order to avoid repeated CPU cost-intensive CALLS of
	274	!-- intrinsic FORTRAN procedure LOG(z/z0), LOG(z/z0) is precalculated for
	275	!-- several heights. Splitting into 20 sublayers turned out to be sufficient.
	276	!-- To obtain exact height levels of particles, linear interpolation is applied
	277	!-- (see lpm_advec.f90).
	278	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
	279
	280	ALLOCATE ( log_z_z0(0:number_of_sublayers) )
	281	z_p = zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb)
	282
	283	!
	284	!-- Calculate horizontal mean value of z0 used for logartihmic
	285	!-- interpolation. Note: this is not exact for heterogeneous z0.
	286	!-- However, sensitivity studies showed that the effect is
	287	!-- negligible.
	288	z0_av_local = SUM( z0(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1359]	289	z0_av_global = 0.0_wp
[1314]	290
[1320]	291	#if defined( __parallel )
[1314]	292	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(z0_av_local, z0_av_global, 1, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, &
	293	comm2d, ierr )
[1320]	294	#else
	295	z0_av_global = z0_av_local
	296	#endif
[1314]	297
	298	z0_av_global = z0_av_global / ( ( ny + 1 ) * ( nx + 1 ) )
	299	!
	300	!-- Horizontal wind speed is zero below and at z0
[1359]	301	log_z_z0(0) = 0.0_wp
[1314]	302	!
	303	!-- Calculate vertical depth of the sublayers
[1322]	304	height_int = ( z_p - z0_av_global ) / REAL( number_of_sublayers, KIND=wp )
[1314]	305	!
	306	!-- Precalculate LOG(z/z0)
[1359]	307	height_p = 0.0_wp
[1314]	308	DO k = 1, number_of_sublayers
	309
	310	height_p = height_p + height_int
	311	log_z_z0(k) = LOG( height_p / z0_av_global )
	312
	313	ENDDO
	314
	315
	316	ENDIF
	317
	318	!
[1359]	319	!-- Check boundary condition and set internal variables
	320	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_b )
	321
	322	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	323	ibc_par_b = 1
	324
	325	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	326	ibc_par_b = 2
	327
	328	CASE DEFAULT
	329	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	330	'bc_par_b = "', TRIM( bc_par_b ), '"'
	331	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0217', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	332
	333	END SELECT
	334	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_t )
	335
	336	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	337	ibc_par_t = 1
	338
	339	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	340	ibc_par_t = 2
	341
	342	CASE DEFAULT
	343	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	344	'bc_par_t = "', TRIM( bc_par_t ), '"'
	345	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0218', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	346
	347	END SELECT
	348	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_lr )
	349
	350	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	351	ibc_par_lr = 0
	352
	353	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	354	ibc_par_lr = 1
	355
	356	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	357	ibc_par_lr = 2
	358
	359	CASE DEFAULT
	360	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	361	'bc_par_lr = "', TRIM( bc_par_lr ), '"'
	362	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0219', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	363
	364	END SELECT
	365	SELECT CASE ( bc_par_ns )
	366
	367	CASE ( 'cyclic' )
	368	ibc_par_ns = 0
	369
	370	CASE ( 'absorb' )
	371	ibc_par_ns = 1
	372
	373	CASE ( 'reflect' )
	374	ibc_par_ns = 2
	375
	376	CASE DEFAULT
	377	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'unknown boundary condition ', &
	378	'bc_par_ns = "', TRIM( bc_par_ns ), '"'
	379	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0220', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
	380
	381	END SELECT
	382
	383	!
[828]	384	!-- Initialize collision kernels
	385	IF ( collision_kernel /= 'none' ) CALL init_kernels
	386
	387	!
[1]	388	!-- For the first model run of a possible job chain initialize the
[849]	389	!-- particles, otherwise read the particle data from restart file.
[1]	390	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' &
	391	.AND. read_particles_from_restartfile ) THEN
	392
[849]	393	CALL lpm_read_restart_file
[1]	394
	395	ELSE
	396
	397	!
	398	!-- Allocate particle arrays and set attributes of the initial set of
	399	!-- particles, which can be also periodically released at later times.
	400	!-- Also allocate array for particle tail coordinates, if needed.
[1359]	401	ALLOCATE( prt_count(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
	402	grid_particles(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
[1]	403
[1359]	404	maximum_number_of_particles = 0
	405	number_of_particles = 0
[792]	406
	407	sort_count = 0
[1359]	408	prt_count = 0
[792]	409
[1]	410	!
	411	!-- Initialize all particles with dummy values (otherwise errors may
	412	!-- occur within restart runs). The reason for this is still not clear
	413	!-- and may be presumably caused by errors in the respective user-interface.
[1359]	414	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	415	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
	416	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	417	0, .FALSE., 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	418	0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, 0.0_sp, &
	419	0.0_sp, 0, 0, 0, -1)
	420	#else
	421	zero_particle = particle_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	422	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	423	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
	424	0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0, 0, 0, &
	425	0, .FALSE., -1)
	426	#endif
	427	particle_groups = particle_groups_type( 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp )
[1]	428
	429	!
	430	!-- Set the default particle size used for dvrp plots
[1359]	431	IF ( dvrp_psize == 9999999.9_wp ) dvrp_psize = 0.2_wp * dx
[1]	432
	433	!
	434	!-- Set values for the density ratio and radius for all particle
	435	!-- groups, if necessary
[1359]	436	IF ( density_ratio(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) density_ratio(1) = 0.0_wp
	437	IF ( radius(1) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(1) = 0.0_wp
[1]	438	DO i = 2, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	439	IF ( density_ratio(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
[1]	440	density_ratio(i) = density_ratio(i-1)
	441	ENDIF
[1359]	442	IF ( radius(i) == 9999999.9_wp ) radius(i) = radius(i-1)
[1]	443	ENDDO
	444
	445	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
[1359]	446	IF ( density_ratio(i) /= 0.0_wp .AND. radius(i) == 0 ) THEN
[254]	447	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle group #', i, 'has a', &
	448	'density ratio /= 0 but radius = 0'
[849]	449	CALL message( 'lpm_init', 'PA0215', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
[1]	450	ENDIF
	451	particle_groups(i)%density_ratio = density_ratio(i)
	452	particle_groups(i)%radius = radius(i)
	453	ENDDO
	454
[1359]	455	CALL lpm_create_particle (PHASE_INIT)
[1]	456	!
[1359]	457	!-- Set a seed value for the random number generator to be exclusively
	458	!-- used for the particle code. The generated random numbers should be
	459	!-- different on the different PEs.
	460	iran_part = iran_part + myid
	461
	462	!
	463	!-- User modification of initial particles
	464	CALL user_lpm_init
	465
	466	!
	467	!-- Open file for statistical informations about particle conditions
	468	IF ( write_particle_statistics ) THEN
	469	CALL check_open( 80 )
	470	WRITE ( 80, 8000 ) current_timestep_number, simulated_time, &
	471	number_of_particles, &
	472	maximum_number_of_particles
	473	CALL close_file( 80 )
	474	ENDIF
	475
	476	!
	477	!-- Check if particles are really uniform in color and radius (dvrp_size)
	478	!-- (uniform_particles is preset TRUE)
	479	IF ( uniform_particles ) THEN
	480	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	481	DO jp = nys, nyn
	482	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	483
	484	n = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	485	IF ( MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) == &
	486	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%dvrp_psize ) .AND. &
	487	MINVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) == &
	488	MAXVAL( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:n)%class ) ) THEN
	489	uniform_particles_l = .TRUE.
	490	ELSE
	491	uniform_particles_l = .FALSE.
	492	ENDIF
	493
	494	ENDDO
	495	ENDDO
	496	ENDDO
	497
	498	#if defined( __parallel )
	499	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	500	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( uniform_particles_l, uniform_particles, 1, &
	501	MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LAND, comm2d, ierr )
	502	#else
	503	uniform_particles = uniform_particles_l
	504	#endif
	505
	506	ENDIF
	507
	508	!
	509	!-- Particles will probably become none-uniform, if their size and color
	510	!-- will be determined by flow variables
	511	IF ( particle_color /= 'none' .OR. particle_dvrpsize /= 'none' ) THEN
	512	uniform_particles = .FALSE.
	513	ENDIF
	514
	515	! !kk Not implemented aft individual particle array fort every gridcell
	516	! !
	517	! !-- Set the beginning of the particle tails and their age
	518	! IF ( use_particle_tails ) THEN
	519	! !
	520	! !-- Choose the maximum number of tails with respect to the maximum number
	521	! !-- of particles and skip_particles_for_tail
	522	! maximum_number_of_tails = maximum_number_of_particles / &
	523	! skip_particles_for_tail
	524	!
	525	! !
	526	! !-- Create a minimum number of tails in case that there is no tail
	527	! !-- initially (otherwise, index errors will occur when adressing the
	528	! !-- arrays below)
	529	! IF ( maximum_number_of_tails == 0 ) maximum_number_of_tails = 10
	530	!
	531	! ALLOCATE( particle_tail_coordinates(maximum_number_of_tailpoints,5, &
	532	! maximum_number_of_tails), &
	533	! new_tail_id(maximum_number_of_tails), &
	534	! tail_mask(maximum_number_of_tails) )
	535	!
	536	! particle_tail_coordinates = 0.0_wp
	537	! minimum_tailpoint_distance = minimum_tailpoint_distance**2
	538	! number_of_initial_tails = number_of_tails
	539	!
	540	! nn = 0
	541	! DO n = 1, number_of_particles
	542	! !
	543	! !-- Only for those particles marked above with a provisional tail_id
	544	! !-- tails will be created. Particles now get their final tail_id.
	545	! IF ( particles(n)%tail_id /= 0 ) THEN
	546	!
	547	! nn = nn + 1
	548	! particles(n)%tail_id = nn
	549	!
	550	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
	551	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
	552	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
	553	! particle_tail_coordinates(1,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
	554	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 1
	555	! IF ( minimum_tailpoint_distance /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	556	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,1,nn) = particles(n)%x
	557	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,2,nn) = particles(n)%y
	558	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,3,nn) = particles(n)%z
	559	! particle_tail_coordinates(2,4,nn) = particles(n)%class
	560	! particle_tail_coordinates(1:2,5,nn) = 0.0_wp
	561	! particles(n)%tailpoints = 2
	562	! ENDIF
	563	!
	564	! ENDIF
	565	! ENDDO
	566	! ENDIF
	567	!
	568	! !
	569	! !-- Plot initial positions of particles (only if particle advection is
	570	! !-- switched on from the beginning of the simulation (t=0))
	571	! IF ( particle_advection_start == 0.0_wp ) CALL data_output_dvrp
	572
	573	ENDIF
	574
	575	!
	576	!-- To avoid programm abort, assign particles array to the local version of
	577	!-- first grid cell
	578	number_of_particles = prt_count(nzb+1,nys,nxl)
	579	particles => grid_particles(nzb+1,nys,nxl)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
	580
	581	!
	582	!-- Formats
	583	8000 FORMAT (I6,1X,F7.2,4X,I10,71X,I10)
	584
	585	END SUBROUTINE lpm_init
	586
	587	SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle (phase)
	588
	589	USE lpm_exchange_horiz_mod, &
	590	ONLY: lpm_exchange_horiz, lpm_move_particle, realloc_particles_array
	591
	592	USE lpm_pack_arrays_mod, &
	593	ONLY: lpm_pack_all_arrays
	594
	595	IMPLICIT NONE
	596
	597	INTEGER(iwp) :: alloc_size !:
	598	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !:
	599	INTEGER(iwp) :: ip !:
	600	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !:
	601	INTEGER(iwp) :: jp !:
	602	INTEGER(iwp) :: kp !:
	603	INTEGER(iwp) :: loop_stride !:
	604	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !:
	605	INTEGER(iwp) :: new_size !:
	606	INTEGER(iwp) :: nn !:
	607
	608	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: phase !:
	609
	610	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_count !:
	611	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) :: local_start !:
	612
	613	LOGICAL :: first_stride !:
	614
	615	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !:
	616	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !:
	617	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !:
	618
	619	TYPE(particle_type),TARGET :: tmp_particle !:
	620
	621	!
	622	!-- Calculate particle positions and store particle attributes, if
	623	!-- particle is situated on this PE
	624	DO loop_stride = 1, 2
	625	first_stride = (loop_stride == 1)
	626	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	627	local_count = 0 ! count number of particles
	628	ELSE
	629	local_count = prt_count ! Start address of new particles
	630	ENDIF
	631
[1]	632	n = 0
	633	DO i = 1, number_of_particle_groups
	634
	635	pos_z = psb(i)
	636
	637	DO WHILE ( pos_z <= pst(i) )
	638
	639	pos_y = pss(i)
	640
	641	DO WHILE ( pos_y <= psn(i) )
	642
[1359]	643	IF ( pos_y >= ( nys - 0.5_wp ) * dy .AND. &
	644	pos_y < ( nyn + 0.5_wp ) * dy ) THEN
[1]	645
	646	pos_x = psl(i)
	647
	648	DO WHILE ( pos_x <= psr(i) )
	649
[1359]	650	IF ( pos_x >= ( nxl - 0.5_wp ) * dx .AND. &
	651	pos_x < ( nxr + 0.5_wp ) * dx ) THEN
[1]	652
	653	DO j = 1, particles_per_point
	654
	655	n = n + 1
[1359]	656	#if defined( __twocachelines )
	657	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	658	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	659	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	660	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_sp
	661	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_sp
	662	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	663	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
	664	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_sp
	665	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	666	!
	667	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	668	!-- for Rosenbrock method
	669	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
	670	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
	671	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
	672	ELSE
	673	!
	674	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
	675	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	676	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	677	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[1]	678	ENDIF
[1359]	679	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_sp
	680	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_sp
	681	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_sp
	682	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	683	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	684	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	685	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	686	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	687	tmp_particle%class = 1
	688	tmp_particle%group = i
	689	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
	690	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	691	#else
	692	tmp_particle%x = pos_x
	693	tmp_particle%y = pos_y
	694	tmp_particle%z = pos_z
	695	tmp_particle%age = 0.0_wp
	696	tmp_particle%age_m = 0.0_wp
	697	tmp_particle%dt_sum = 0.0_wp
	698	tmp_particle%dvrp_psize = dvrp_psize
	699	tmp_particle%e_m = 0.0_wp
[824]	700	IF ( curvature_solution_effects ) THEN
	701	!
	702	!-- Initial values (internal timesteps, derivative)
	703	!-- for Rosenbrock method
[1359]	704	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 1.0E-12_wp
	705	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 1.0E-3_wp
	706	tmp_particle%rvar3 = -9999999.9_wp
[824]	707	ELSE
	708	!
	709	!-- Initial values for SGS velocities
[1359]	710	tmp_particle%rvar1 = 0.0_wp
	711	tmp_particle%rvar2 = 0.0_wp
	712	tmp_particle%rvar3 = 0.0_wp
[824]	713	ENDIF
[1359]	714	tmp_particle%speed_x = 0.0_wp
	715	tmp_particle%speed_y = 0.0_wp
	716	tmp_particle%speed_z = 0.0_wp
	717	tmp_particle%origin_x = pos_x
	718	tmp_particle%origin_y = pos_y
	719	tmp_particle%origin_z = pos_z
	720	tmp_particle%radius = particle_groups(i)%radius
	721	tmp_particle%weight_factor = initial_weighting_factor
	722	tmp_particle%class = 1
	723	tmp_particle%group = i
	724	tmp_particle%tailpoints = 0
	725	tmp_particle%particle_mask = .TRUE.
	726	#endif
[1]	727	IF ( use_particle_tails .AND. &
	728	MOD( n, skip_particles_for_tail ) == 0 ) THEN
	729	number_of_tails = number_of_tails + 1
	730	!
	731	!-- This is a temporary provisional setting (see
	732	!-- further below!)
[1359]	733	tmp_particle%tail_id = number_of_tails
[1]	734	ELSE
[1359]	735	tmp_particle%tail_id = 0
[1]	736	ENDIF
[1359]	737	ip = ( tmp_particle%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	738	jp = ( tmp_particle%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
	739	kp = tmp_particle%z / dz + 1 + offset_ocean_nzt_m1
[1]	740
[1359]	741	local_count(kp,jp,ip) = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + 1
	742	IF ( .NOT. first_stride ) THEN
	743	IF ( ip < nxl .OR. jp < nys .OR. kp < nzb+1 ) THEN
	744	write(6,*) 'xl ',ip,jp,kp,nxl,nys,nzb+1
	745	ENDIF
	746	IF ( ip > nxr .OR. jp > nyn .OR. kp > nzt ) THEN
	747	write(6,*) 'xu ',ip,jp,kp,nxr,nyn,nzt
	748	ENDIF
	749	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(local_count(kp,jp,ip)) = tmp_particle
	750	ENDIF
[1]	751	ENDDO
	752
	753	ENDIF
	754
	755	pos_x = pos_x + pdx(i)
	756
	757	ENDDO
	758
	759	ENDIF
	760
	761	pos_y = pos_y + pdy(i)
	762
	763	ENDDO
	764
	765	pos_z = pos_z + pdz(i)
	766
	767	ENDDO
	768
	769	ENDDO
	770
[1359]	771	IF ( first_stride ) THEN
	772	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	773	DO jp = nys, nyn
	774	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	775	IF ( phase == PHASE_INIT ) THEN
	776	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	777	alloc_size = MAX( INT( local_count(kp,jp,ip) * &
	778	( 1.0_wp + alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), &
	779	min_nr_particle )
	780	ELSE
	781	alloc_size = min_nr_particle
	782	ENDIF
	783	ALLOCATE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:alloc_size))
	784	DO n = 1, alloc_size
	785	grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(n) = zero_particle
	786	ENDDO
	787	ELSEIF ( phase == PHASE_RELEASE ) THEN
	788	IF ( local_count(kp,jp,ip) > 0 ) THEN
	789	new_size = local_count(kp,jp,ip) + prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	790	alloc_size = MAX( INT( new_size * ( 1.0_wp + &
	791	alloc_factor / 100.0_wp ) ), min_nr_particle )
	792	IF( alloc_size > SIZE( grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles) ) THEN
	793	CALL realloc_particles_array(ip,jp,kp,alloc_size)
	794	ENDIF
	795	ENDIF
	796	ENDIF
	797	ENDDO
	798	ENDDO
	799	ENDDO
	800	ENDIF
	801	ENDDO
[1]	802
[1359]	803	local_start = prt_count+1
	804	prt_count = local_count
[1]	805	!
[1359]	806	!-- Add random fluctuation to particle positions
	807	IF ( random_start_position ) THEN
	808	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	809	DO jp = nys, nyn
	810	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	811	number_of_particles = prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
	812	IF ( number_of_particles <= 0 ) CYCLE
	813	particles => grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles(1:number_of_particles)
[1]	814
[1359]	815	DO n = local_start(kp,jp,ip), number_of_particles !Move only new particles
	816	IF ( psl(particles(n)%group) /= psr(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	817	particles(n)%x = particles(n)%x + &
	818	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	819	pdx(particles(n)%group)
	820	ENDIF
	821	IF ( pss(particles(n)%group) /= psn(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	822	particles(n)%y = particles(n)%y + &
	823	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	824	pdy(particles(n)%group)
	825	ENDIF
	826	IF ( psb(particles(n)%group) /= pst(particles(n)%group) ) THEN
	827	particles(n)%z = particles(n)%z + &
	828	( random_function( iran_part ) - 0.5_wp ) * &
	829	pdz(particles(n)%group)
	830	ENDIF
	831	ENDDO
[1]	832	!
[1359]	833	!-- Identify particles located outside the model domain
	834	CALL lpm_boundary_conds( 'bottom/top' )
	835	ENDDO
	836	ENDDO
	837	ENDDO
[1]	838	!
[1359]	839	!-- Exchange particles between grid cells and processors
	840	CALL lpm_move_particle
	841	CALL lpm_exchange_horiz
[1]	842
[1359]	843	ENDIF
[1]	844	!
[1359]	845	!-- In case of random_start_position, delete particles identified by
	846	!-- lpm_exchange_horiz and lpm_boundary_conds. Then sort particles into blocks,
	847	!-- which is needed for a fast interpolation of the LES fields on the particle
	848	!-- position.
	849	CALL lpm_pack_all_arrays
[1]	850
	851	!
[1359]	852	!-- Determine maximum number of particles (i.e., all possible particles that
	853	!-- have been allocated) and the current number of particles
	854	DO ip = nxl, nxr
	855	DO jp = nys, nyn
	856	DO kp = nzb+1, nzt
	857	maximum_number_of_particles = maximum_number_of_particles &
	858	+ SIZE(grid_particles(kp,jp,ip)%particles)
	859	number_of_particles = number_of_particles &
	860	+ prt_count(kp,jp,ip)
[1]	861	ENDDO
[1359]	862	ENDDO
	863	ENDDO
[1]	864	!
[1359]	865	!-- Calculate the number of particles and tails of the total domain
[1]	866	#if defined( __parallel )
[1359]	867	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	868	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_particles, total_number_of_particles, 1, &
	869	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
	870	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
	871	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( number_of_tails, total_number_of_tails, 1, &
	872	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
[1]	873	#else
[1359]	874	total_number_of_particles = number_of_particles
	875	total_number_of_tails = number_of_tails
[1]	876	#endif
	877
[1359]	878	RETURN
[1]	879
[1359]	880	END SUBROUTINE lpm_create_particle
[336]	881
[1359]	882	END MODULE lpm_init_mod

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