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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/lpm_boundary_conds.f90 @ 2271

Last change on this file since 2271 was 2233, checked in by suehring, 8 years ago
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[1682]	1	!> @file lpm_boundary_conds.f90
[2000]	2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1036]	3	! This file is part of PALM.
	4	!
[2000]	5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
	6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
	7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
	8	! version.
[1036]	9	!
	10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
	11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
	12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
	13	!
	14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
	15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	16	!
[2101]	17	! Copyright 1997-2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
[2000]	18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[1036]	19	!
[484]	20	! Current revisions:
[58]	21	! -----------------
[1360]	22	!
[2233]	23	!
[1321]	24	! Former revisions:
	25	! -----------------
	26	! $Id: lpm_boundary_conds.f90 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z sward $
	27	!
[2233]	28	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
	29	! Adjustments to new topography and surface concept
	30	! Rename character range into location, as range is an intrinsic.
	31	!
[2001]	32	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
	33	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
	34	!
[1930]	35	! 1929 2016-06-09 16:25:25Z suehring
	36	! Rewritten wall reflection
	37	!
[1823]	38	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
	39	! Tails removed. Unused variables removed.
	40	!
[1683]	41	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
	42	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
	43	!
[1360]	44	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
	45	! New particle structure integrated.
	46	! Kind definition added to all floating point numbers.
	47	!
[1321]	48	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
[1320]	49	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
	50	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
	51	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
	52	! revision history before 2012 removed,
	53	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
	54	! all variable declaration statements
[58]	55	!
[1037]	56	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
	57	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
	58	!
[850]	59	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
	60	! routine renamed lpm_boundary_conds, bottom and top boundary conditions
	61	! included (former part of advec_particles)
	62	!
[826]	63	! 824 2012-02-17 09:09:57Z raasch
	64	! particle attributes speed_x\|y\|z_sgs renamed rvar1\|2\|3
	65	!
[58]	66	! Initial version (2007/03/09)
	67	!
	68	! Description:
	69	! ------------
[1682]	70	!> Boundary conditions for the Lagrangian particles.
	71	!> The routine consists of two different parts. One handles the bottom (flat)
	72	!> and top boundary. In this part, also particles which exceeded their lifetime
	73	!> are deleted.
	74	!> The other part handles the reflection of particles from vertical walls.
	75	!> This part was developed by Jin Zhang during 2006-2007.
	76	!>
	77	!> To do: Code structure for finding the t_index values and for checking the
	78	!> ----- reflection conditions is basically the same for all four cases, so it
	79	!> should be possible to further simplify/shorten it.
	80	!>
	81	!> THE WALLS PART OF THIS ROUTINE HAS NOT BEEN TESTED FOR OCEAN RUNS SO FAR!!!!
	82	!> (see offset_ocean_*)
[58]	83	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
[2232]	84	SUBROUTINE lpm_boundary_conds( location )
[1682]	85
[58]	86
[1320]	87	USE arrays_3d, &
	88	ONLY: zu, zw
[58]	89
[1320]	90	USE control_parameters, &
[1822]	91	ONLY: dz, message_string, particle_maximum_age
[58]	92
[1320]	93	USE cpulog, &
	94	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
[849]	95
[1320]	96	USE grid_variables, &
	97	ONLY: ddx, dx, ddy, dy
[58]	98
[1320]	99	USE indices, &
[2232]	100	ONLY: nxl, nxr, nyn, nys, nz, nzb, nzb_max, wall_flags_0
[61]	101
[1320]	102	USE kinds
[58]	103
[1320]	104	USE particle_attributes, &
[1822]	105	ONLY: deleted_particles, ibc_par_b, ibc_par_t, number_of_particles, &
	106	particles, particle_type, offset_ocean_nzt_m1, &
	107	use_sgs_for_particles
[60]	108
[1320]	109	USE pegrid
[58]	110
[1320]	111	IMPLICIT NONE
[58]	112
[2232]	113	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: location !<
[1320]	114
[1929]	115	INTEGER(iwp) :: inc !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	116	INTEGER(iwp) :: ir !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	117	INTEGER(iwp) :: i1 !< grid index (x) of old particle position
	118	INTEGER(iwp) :: i2 !< grid index (x) of current particle position
	119	INTEGER(iwp) :: i3 !< grid index (x) of intermediate particle position
	120	INTEGER(iwp) :: jr !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	121	INTEGER(iwp) :: j1 !< grid index (y) of old particle position
	122	INTEGER(iwp) :: j2 !< grid index (x) of current particle position
	123	INTEGER(iwp) :: j3 !< grid index (x) of intermediate particle position
[2232]	124	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_wall !< vertical index of topography top
[1929]	125	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< particle number
	126	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_index !< running index for intermediate particle timesteps in reflection algorithmus
	127	INTEGER(iwp) :: t_index_number !< number of intermediate particle timesteps in reflection algorithmus
	128	INTEGER(iwp) :: tmp_x !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	129	INTEGER(iwp) :: tmp_y !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	130
	131	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:10) :: x_ind(0:10) = 0 !< index array (x) of intermediate particle positions
	132	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:10) :: y_ind(0:10) = 0 !< index array (x) of intermediate particle positions
[1320]	133
[1929]	134	LOGICAL :: cross_wall_x !< flag to check if particle reflection along x is necessary
	135	LOGICAL :: cross_wall_y !< flag to check if particle reflection along y is necessary
	136	LOGICAL :: downwards !< flag to check if particle reflection along z is necessary (only if particle move downwards)
	137	LOGICAL :: reflect_x !< flag to check if particle is already reflected along x
	138	LOGICAL :: reflect_y !< flag to check if particle is already reflected along y
	139	LOGICAL :: reflect_z !< flag to check if particle is already reflected along z
	140	LOGICAL :: tmp_reach_x !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	141	LOGICAL :: tmp_reach_y !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	142	LOGICAL :: tmp_reach_z !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	143	LOGICAL :: x_wall_reached !< flag to check if particle has already reached wall
	144	LOGICAL :: y_wall_reached !< flag to check if particle has already reached wall
[1320]	145
[1929]	146	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(0:10) :: reach_x !< flag to check if particle is at a yz-wall
	147	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(0:10) :: reach_y !< flag to check if particle is at a xz-wall
	148	LOGICAL, DIMENSION(0:10) :: reach_z !< flag to check if particle is at a xy-wall
[1320]	149
[1929]	150	REAL(wp) :: dt_particle !< particle timestep
	151	REAL(wp) :: dum !< dummy argument
	152	REAL(wp) :: eps = 1E-10_wp !< security number to check if particle has reached a wall
	153	REAL(wp) :: pos_x !< intermediate particle position (x)
	154	REAL(wp) :: pos_x_old !< particle position (x) at previous particle timestep
	155	REAL(wp) :: pos_y !< intermediate particle position (y)
	156	REAL(wp) :: pos_y_old !< particle position (y) at previous particle timestep
	157	REAL(wp) :: pos_z !< intermediate particle position (z)
	158	REAL(wp) :: pos_z_old !< particle position (z) at previous particle timestep
	159	REAL(wp) :: prt_x !< current particle position (x)
	160	REAL(wp) :: prt_y !< current particle position (y)
	161	REAL(wp) :: prt_z !< current particle position (z)
	162	REAL(wp) :: t_old !< previous reflection time
	163	REAL(wp) :: tmp_t !< dummy for sorting algorithmus
	164	REAL(wp) :: xwall !< location of wall in x
	165	REAL(wp) :: ywall !< location of wall in y
	166	REAL(wp) :: zwall1 !< location of wall in z (old grid box)
	167	REAL(wp) :: zwall2 !< location of wall in z (current grid box)
	168	REAL(wp) :: zwall3 !< location of wall in z (old y, current x)
	169	REAL(wp) :: zwall4 !< location of wall in z (current y, old x)
	170
	171	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:10) :: t !< reflection time
	172
	173
[2232]	174	IF ( location == 'bottom/top' ) THEN
[58]	175
[849]	176	!
	177	!-- Apply boundary conditions to those particles that have crossed the top or
	178	!-- bottom boundary and delete those particles, which are older than allowed
	179	DO n = 1, number_of_particles
[61]	180
[849]	181	!
	182	!-- Stop if particles have moved further than the length of one
	183	!-- PE subdomain (newly released particles have age = age_m!)
	184	IF ( particles(n)%age /= particles(n)%age_m ) THEN
	185	IF ( ABS(particles(n)%speed_x) > &
	186	((nxr-nxl+2)*dx)/(particles(n)%age-particles(n)%age_m) .OR. &
	187	ABS(particles(n)%speed_y) > &
	188	((nyn-nys+2)*dy)/(particles(n)%age-particles(n)%age_m) ) THEN
[60]	189
[849]	190	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'particle too fast. n = ', n
	191	CALL message( 'lpm_boundary_conds', 'PA0148', 2, 2, -1, 6, 1 )
	192	ENDIF
	193	ENDIF
[58]	194
[849]	195	IF ( particles(n)%age > particle_maximum_age .AND. &
[1359]	196	particles(n)%particle_mask ) &
[849]	197	THEN
[1359]	198	particles(n)%particle_mask = .FALSE.
[849]	199	deleted_particles = deleted_particles + 1
	200	ENDIF
[58]	201
[1359]	202	IF ( particles(n)%z >= zu(nz) .AND. particles(n)%particle_mask ) THEN
[849]	203	IF ( ibc_par_t == 1 ) THEN
[61]	204	!
[849]	205	!-- Particle absorption
[1359]	206	particles(n)%particle_mask = .FALSE.
[849]	207	deleted_particles = deleted_particles + 1
	208	ELSEIF ( ibc_par_t == 2 ) THEN
	209	!
	210	!-- Particle reflection
[1359]	211	particles(n)%z = 2.0_wp * zu(nz) - particles(n)%z
[849]	212	particles(n)%speed_z = -particles(n)%speed_z
	213	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .AND. &
[1359]	214	particles(n)%rvar3 > 0.0_wp ) THEN
[849]	215	particles(n)%rvar3 = -particles(n)%rvar3
	216	ENDIF
	217	ENDIF
	218	ENDIF
[1359]	219
	220	IF ( particles(n)%z < zw(0) .AND. particles(n)%particle_mask ) THEN
[849]	221	IF ( ibc_par_b == 1 ) THEN
	222	!
	223	!-- Particle absorption
[1359]	224	particles(n)%particle_mask = .FALSE.
[849]	225	deleted_particles = deleted_particles + 1
	226	ELSEIF ( ibc_par_b == 2 ) THEN
	227	!
	228	!-- Particle reflection
[1359]	229	particles(n)%z = 2.0_wp * zw(0) - particles(n)%z
[849]	230	particles(n)%speed_z = -particles(n)%speed_z
	231	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .AND. &
[1359]	232	particles(n)%rvar3 < 0.0_wp ) THEN
[849]	233	particles(n)%rvar3 = -particles(n)%rvar3
	234	ENDIF
	235	ENDIF
	236	ENDIF
	237	ENDDO
[58]	238
[2232]	239	ELSEIF ( location == 'walls' ) THEN
[58]	240
[1929]	241
[849]	242	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(48), 'lpm_wall_reflect', 'start' )
	243
	244	DO n = 1, number_of_particles
[1929]	245	!
	246	!-- Recalculate particle timestep
[849]	247	dt_particle = particles(n)%age - particles(n)%age_m
[1929]	248	!
	249	!-- Obtain x/y indices for current particle position
[1359]	250	i2 = ( particles(n)%x + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	251	j2 = ( particles(n)%y + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[1929]	252	!
	253	!-- Save current particle positions
[849]	254	prt_x = particles(n)%x
	255	prt_y = particles(n)%y
	256	prt_z = particles(n)%z
[58]	257	!
[1929]	258	!-- Recalculate old particle positions
	259	pos_x_old = particles(n)%x - particles(n)%speed_x * dt_particle
	260	pos_y_old = particles(n)%y - particles(n)%speed_y * dt_particle
	261	pos_z_old = particles(n)%z - particles(n)%speed_z * dt_particle
[849]	262	!
[1929]	263	!-- Obtain x/y indices for old particle positions
	264	i1 = ( pos_x_old + 0.5_wp * dx ) * ddx
	265	j1 = ( pos_y_old + 0.5_wp * dy ) * ddy
[58]	266	!
[1929]	267	!-- Determine horizontal as well as vertical walls at which particle can
	268	!-- be potentially reflected.
	269	!-- Start with walls aligned in yz layer.
	270	!-- Wall to the right
	271	IF ( prt_x > pos_x_old ) THEN
	272	xwall = ( i1 + 0.5_wp ) * dx
	273	!
	274	!-- Wall to the left
	275	ELSE
	276	xwall = ( i1 - 0.5_wp ) * dx
	277	ENDIF
	278	!
	279	!-- Walls aligned in xz layer
	280	!-- Wall to the north
	281	IF ( prt_y > pos_y_old ) THEN
	282	ywall = ( j1 + 0.5_wp ) * dy
	283	!-- Wall to the south
	284	ELSE
	285	ywall = ( j1 - 0.5_wp ) * dy
	286	ENDIF
	287	!
[2232]	288	!-- Walls aligned in xy layer at which particle can be possiblly reflected.
	289	!-- The construct of MERGE and BTEST is used to determine the topography-
	290	!-- top index (former nzb_s_inner).
	291	zwall1 = zw( MAXLOC( &
	292	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	293	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j2,i2), 12 ) &
	294	), DIM = 1 &
	295	) - 1 )
	296	zwall2 = zw( MAXLOC( &
	297	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	298	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j1,i1), 12 ) &
	299	), DIM = 1 &
	300	) - 1 )
	301	zwall3 = zw( MAXLOC( &
	302	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	303	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j1,i2), 12 ) &
	304	), DIM = 1 &
	305	) - 1 )
	306	zwall4 = zw( MAXLOC( &
	307	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	308	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j2,i1), 12 ) &
	309	), DIM = 1 &
	310	) - 1 )
[1929]	311	!
	312	!-- Initialize flags to check if particle reflection is necessary
	313	downwards = .FALSE.
	314	cross_wall_x = .FALSE.
	315	cross_wall_y = .FALSE.
	316	!
	317	!-- Initialize flags to check if a wall is reached
	318	reach_x = .FALSE.
	319	reach_y = .FALSE.
	320	reach_z = .FALSE.
	321	!
	322	!-- Initialize flags to check if a particle was already reflected
	323	reflect_x = .FALSE.
	324	reflect_y = .FALSE.
	325	reflect_z = .FALSE.
	326	!
	327	!-- Initialize flags to check if a vertical wall is already crossed.
	328	!-- ( Required to obtain correct indices. )
	329	x_wall_reached = .FALSE.
	330	y_wall_reached = .FALSE.
	331	!
	332	!-- Initialize time array
	333	t = 0.0_wp
	334	!
	335	!-- Check if particle can reach any wall. This case, calculate the
	336	!-- fractional time needed to reach this wall. Store this fractional
	337	!-- timestep in array t. Moreover, store indices for these grid
	338	!-- boxes where the respective wall belongs to.
	339	!-- Start with x-direction.
	340	t_index = 1
	341	t(t_index) = ( xwall - pos_x_old ) &
	342	/ MERGE( MAX( prt_x - pos_x_old, 1E-30_wp ), &
	343	MIN( prt_x - pos_x_old, -1E-30_wp ), &
	344	prt_x > pos_x_old )
	345	x_ind(t_index) = i2
	346	y_ind(t_index) = j1
	347	reach_x(t_index) = .TRUE.
	348	reach_y(t_index) = .FALSE.
	349	reach_z(t_index) = .FALSE.
	350	!
	351	!-- Store these values only if particle really reaches any wall. t must
	352	!-- be in a interval between [0:1].
	353	IF ( t(t_index) <= 1.0_wp .AND. t(t_index) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	354	t_index = t_index + 1
	355	cross_wall_x = .TRUE.
	356	ENDIF
	357	!
	358	!-- y-direction
	359	t(t_index) = ( ywall - pos_y_old ) &
	360	/ MERGE( MAX( prt_y - pos_y_old, 1E-30_wp ), &
	361	MIN( prt_y - pos_y_old, -1E-30_wp ), &
	362	prt_y > pos_y_old )
	363	x_ind(t_index) = i1
	364	y_ind(t_index) = j2
	365	reach_x(t_index) = .FALSE.
	366	reach_y(t_index) = .TRUE.
	367	reach_z(t_index) = .FALSE.
	368	IF ( t(t_index) <= 1.0_wp .AND. t(t_index) >= 0.0_wp ) THEN
	369	t_index = t_index + 1
	370	cross_wall_y = .TRUE.
	371	ENDIF
	372	!
	373	!-- z-direction
	374	!-- At first, check if particle moves downwards. Only in this case a
	375	!-- particle can be reflected vertically.
	376	IF ( prt_z < pos_z_old ) THEN
[58]	377
[1929]	378	downwards = .TRUE.
	379	dum = 1.0_wp / MERGE( MAX( prt_z - pos_z_old, 1E-30_wp ), &
	380	MIN( prt_z - pos_z_old, -1E-30_wp ), &
	381	prt_z > pos_z_old )
[58]	382
[1929]	383	t(t_index) = ( zwall1 - pos_z_old ) * dum
	384	x_ind(t_index) = i2
	385	y_ind(t_index) = j2
	386	reach_x(t_index) = .FALSE.
	387	reach_y(t_index) = .FALSE.
	388	reach_z(t_index) = .TRUE.
	389	IF ( t(t_index) <= 1.0_wp .AND. t(t_index) >= 0.0_wp ) &
	390	t_index = t_index + 1
[58]	391
[1929]	392	reach_x(t_index) = .FALSE.
	393	reach_y(t_index) = .FALSE.
	394	reach_z(t_index) = .TRUE.
	395	t(t_index) = ( zwall2 - pos_z_old ) * dum
	396	x_ind(t_index) = i1
	397	y_ind(t_index) = j1
	398	IF ( t(t_index) <= 1.0_wp .AND. t(t_index) >= 0.0_wp ) &
	399	t_index = t_index + 1
[58]	400
[1929]	401	reach_x(t_index) = .FALSE.
	402	reach_y(t_index) = .FALSE.
	403	reach_z(t_index) = .TRUE.
	404	t(t_index) = ( zwall3 - pos_z_old ) * dum
	405	x_ind(t_index) = i2
	406	y_ind(t_index) = j1
	407	IF ( t(t_index) <= 1.0_wp .AND. t(t_index) >= 0.0_wp ) &
	408	t_index = t_index + 1
[58]	409
[1929]	410	reach_x(t_index) = .FALSE.
	411	reach_y(t_index) = .FALSE.
	412	reach_z(t_index) = .TRUE.
	413	t(t_index) = ( zwall4 - pos_z_old ) * dum
	414	x_ind(t_index) = i1
	415	y_ind(t_index) = j2
	416	IF ( t(t_index) <= 1.0_wp .AND. t(t_index) >= 0.0_wp ) &
	417	t_index = t_index + 1
[58]	418
[1929]	419	END IF
	420	t_index_number = t_index - 1
[58]	421	!
[1929]	422	!-- Carry out reflection only if particle reaches any wall
	423	IF ( cross_wall_x .OR. cross_wall_y .OR. downwards ) THEN
[58]	424	!
[1929]	425	!-- Sort fractional timesteps in ascending order. Also sort the
	426	!-- corresponding indices and flag according to the time interval a
	427	!-- particle reaches the respective wall.
	428	inc = 1
	429	jr = 1
	430	DO WHILE ( inc <= t_index_number )
	431	inc = 3 * inc + 1
	432	ENDDO
[58]	433
[1929]	434	DO WHILE ( inc > 1 )
	435	inc = inc / 3
	436	DO ir = inc+1, t_index_number
	437	tmp_t = t(ir)
	438	tmp_x = x_ind(ir)
	439	tmp_y = y_ind(ir)
	440	tmp_reach_x = reach_x(ir)
	441	tmp_reach_y = reach_y(ir)
	442	tmp_reach_z = reach_z(ir)
	443	jr = ir
	444	DO WHILE ( t(jr-inc) > tmp_t )
	445	t(jr) = t(jr-inc)
	446	x_ind(jr) = x_ind(jr-inc)
	447	y_ind(jr) = y_ind(jr-inc)
	448	reach_x(jr) = reach_x(jr-inc)
	449	reach_y(jr) = reach_y(jr-inc)
	450	reach_z(jr) = reach_z(jr-inc)
	451	jr = jr - inc
	452	IF ( jr <= inc ) EXIT
[58]	453	ENDDO
[1929]	454	t(jr) = tmp_t
	455	x_ind(jr) = tmp_x
	456	y_ind(jr) = tmp_y
	457	reach_x(jr) = tmp_reach_x
	458	reach_y(jr) = tmp_reach_y
	459	reach_z(jr) = tmp_reach_z
[58]	460	ENDDO
[1929]	461	ENDDO
[58]	462	!
[1929]	463	!-- Initialize temporary particle positions
	464	pos_x = pos_x_old
	465	pos_y = pos_y_old
	466	pos_z = pos_z_old
	467	!
	468	!-- Loop over all times a particle possibly moves into a new grid box
	469	t_old = 0.0_wp
	470	DO t_index = 1, t_index_number
	471	!
	472	!-- Calculate intermediate particle position according to the
	473	!-- timesteps a particle reaches any wall.
	474	pos_x = pos_x + ( t(t_index) - t_old ) * dt_particle &
	475	* particles(n)%speed_x
	476	pos_y = pos_y + ( t(t_index) - t_old ) * dt_particle &
	477	* particles(n)%speed_y
	478	pos_z = pos_z + ( t(t_index) - t_old ) * dt_particle &
	479	* particles(n)%speed_z
	480	!
	481	!-- Obtain x/y grid indices for intermediate particle position from
	482	!-- sorted index array
	483	i3 = x_ind(t_index)
	484	j3 = y_ind(t_index)
	485	!
	486	!-- Check which wall is already reached
	487	IF ( .NOT. x_wall_reached ) x_wall_reached = reach_x(t_index)
	488	IF ( .NOT. y_wall_reached ) y_wall_reached = reach_y(t_index)
	489	!
	490	!-- Check if a particle needs to be reflected at any yz-wall. If
	491	!-- necessary, carry out reflection. Please note, a security
	492	!-- constant is required, as the particle position do not
	493	!-- necessarily exactly match the wall location due to rounding
[2232]	494	!-- errors. At first, determine index of topography top at (j3,i3)
	495	k_wall = MAXLOC( &
	496	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	497	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j3,i3), 12 ) &
	498	), DIM = 1 &
	499	) - 1
[1929]	500	IF ( ABS( pos_x - xwall ) < eps .AND. &
[2232]	501	pos_z <= zw(k_wall) .AND. &
[1929]	502	reach_x(t_index) .AND. &
	503	.NOT. reflect_x ) THEN
	504	!
	505	!-- Reflection in x-direction.
	506	!-- Ensure correct reflection by MIN/MAX functions, depending on
	507	!-- direction of particle transport.
	508	!-- Due to rounding errors pos_x do not exactly matches the wall
	509	!-- location, leading to erroneous reflection.
	510	pos_x = MERGE( MIN( 2.0_wp * xwall - pos_x, xwall ), &
	511	MAX( 2.0_wp * xwall - pos_x, xwall ), &
	512	particles(n)%x > xwall )
	513	!
	514	!-- Change sign of particle speed
	515	particles(n)%speed_x = - particles(n)%speed_x
	516	!
	517	!-- Change also sign of subgrid-scale particle speed
	518	particles(n)%rvar1 = - particles(n)%rvar1
	519	!
	520	!-- Set flag that reflection along x is already done
	521	reflect_x = .TRUE.
	522	!
	523	!-- As particle do not crosses any further yz-wall during
	524	!-- this timestep, set further x-indices to the current one.
	525	x_ind(t_index:t_index_number) = i1
	526	!
	527	!-- If particle already reached the wall but was not reflected,
	528	!-- set further x-indices to the new one.
	529	ELSEIF ( x_wall_reached .AND. .NOT. reflect_x ) THEN
	530	x_ind(t_index:t_index_number) = i2
	531	ENDIF
	532	!
	533	!-- Check if a particle needs to be reflected at any xz-wall. If
[2232]	534	!-- necessary, carry out reflection. At first, determine index of
	535	!-- topography top at (j3,i3)
	536	k_wall = MAXLOC( &
	537	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	538	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j3,i3), 12 ) &
	539	), DIM = 1 &
	540	) - 1
[1929]	541	IF ( ABS( pos_y - ywall ) < eps .AND. &
[2232]	542	pos_z <= zw(k_wall) .AND. &
[1929]	543	reach_y(t_index) .AND. &
	544	.NOT. reflect_y ) THEN
[61]	545
[1929]	546	pos_y = MERGE( MIN( 2.0_wp * ywall - pos_y, ywall ), &
	547	MAX( 2.0_wp * ywall - pos_y, ywall ), &
	548	particles(n)%y > ywall )
[58]	549
[1929]	550	particles(n)%speed_y = - particles(n)%speed_y
	551	particles(n)%rvar2 = - particles(n)%rvar2
	552
	553	reflect_y = .TRUE.
	554	y_ind(t_index:t_index_number) = j1
[58]	555
[1929]	556	ELSEIF ( y_wall_reached .AND. .NOT. reflect_y ) THEN
	557	y_ind(t_index:t_index_number) = j2
[849]	558	ENDIF
[58]	559	!
[1929]	560	!-- Check if a particle needs to be reflected at any xy-wall. If
[2232]	561	!-- necessary, carry out reflection.
[1929]	562	IF ( downwards .AND. reach_z(t_index) .AND. &
	563	.NOT. reflect_z ) THEN
[2232]	564	!
	565	!-- Determine index of topography top at (j3,i3) and chick if
	566	!-- particle is below.
	567	k_wall = MAXLOC( &
	568	MERGE( 1, 0, &
	569	BTEST( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzb_max,j3,i3), 12 )&
	570	), DIM = 1 &
	571	) - 1
	572	IF ( pos_z - zw(k_wall) < eps ) THEN
[1929]	573
[2232]	574	pos_z = MAX( 2.0_wp * zw(k_wall) - pos_z, &
	575	zw(k_wall) )
[58]	576
[1929]	577	particles(n)%speed_z = - particles(n)%speed_z
	578	particles(n)%rvar3 = - particles(n)%rvar3
[58]	579
[1929]	580	reflect_z = .TRUE.
[58]	581
[61]	582	ENDIF
[58]	583
[849]	584	ENDIF
[58]	585	!
[1929]	586	!-- Swap time
	587	t_old = t(t_index)
[58]	588
[1929]	589	ENDDO
[61]	590	!
[1929]	591	!-- If a particle was reflected, calculate final position from last
	592	!-- intermediate position.
	593	IF ( reflect_x .OR. reflect_y .OR. reflect_z ) THEN
[61]	594
[1929]	595	particles(n)%x = pos_x + ( 1.0_wp - t_old ) * dt_particle &
	596	* particles(n)%speed_x
	597	particles(n)%y = pos_y + ( 1.0_wp - t_old ) * dt_particle &
	598	* particles(n)%speed_y
	599	particles(n)%z = pos_z + ( 1.0_wp - t_old ) * dt_particle &
	600	* particles(n)%speed_z
[61]	601
[849]	602	ENDIF
[61]	603
[1929]	604	ENDIF
[61]	605
[849]	606	ENDDO
[58]	607
[849]	608	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(48), 'lpm_wall_reflect', 'stop' )
[58]	609
[849]	610	ENDIF
[61]	611
[849]	612	END SUBROUTINE lpm_boundary_conds

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