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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/land_surface_model_mod.f90 @ 4676

Last change on this file since 4676 was 4671, checked in by pavelkrc, 5 years ago
Radiative transfer model RTM version 4.1
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1	!> @file land_surface_model_mod.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: land_surface_model_mod.f90 4671 2020-09-09 20:27:58Z pavelkrc $
27	! Implementation of downward facing USM and LSM surfaces for RTM 4.1
28	! Author: J. Resler (Institute of Computer Science, Prague)
29	!
30	! 4669 2020-09-09 13:43:47Z pavelkrc
31	! Fix calculation of force_radiation_call
32	!
33	! 4666 2020-09-04 19:22:56Z maronga
34	! Bugfix: wrong value for g_d for vegetation_type = 7 (0.13 -> 0.03)
35	!
36	! 4630 2020-07-30 14:54:34Z suehring
37	! - Bugfix in level 3 initialization of root-area-density
38	! - Bugfix in resistance calculation - avoid potential divisions by zero
39	! - Avoid double classifiation of vertical walls (at surfaces that are also
40	! covered by buildings)
41	! - Minor formatting adjustment to increase readability
42	!
43	! 4602 2020-07-14 14:49:45Z suehring
44	! - Bugfix in level 3 initialization of pavements - wrongly assumed existence of
45	! pavement_subsurface_pars
46	! - Add missing initialization of albedo type with values given from static input
47	! file
48	!
49	! 4581 2020-06-29 08:49:58Z suehring
50	! Minor formatting of error message
51	!
52	! 4535 2020-05-15 12:07:23Z raasch
53	! bugfix for restart data format query
54	!
55	! 4534 2020-05-14 18:35:22Z raasch
56	! bugfix for switching on restart data output with MPI-IO
57	!
58	! 4517 2020-05-03 14:29:30Z raasch
59	! added restart with MPI-IO for reading local arrays
60	!
61	! 4495 2020-04-13 20:11:20Z raasch
62	! restart data handling with MPI-IO added
63	!
64	! 4450 2020-03-09 19:12:57Z suehring
65	! Missing from_file check
66	!
67	! 4444 2020-03-05 15:59:50Z raasch
68	! bugfix: cpp-directive moved
69	!
70	! 4442 2020-03-04 19:21:13Z suehring
71	! Change order of dimension in surface arrays %frac, %emissivity and %albedo
72	! to allow for better vectorization in the radiation interactions.
73	!
74	! 4441 2020-03-04 19:20:35Z suehring
75	! bugfix: missing cpp-directives for serial mode added, misplaced cpp-directives moved
76	!
77	! 4381 2020-01-20 13:51:46Z suehring
78	! - Bugfix in nested soil initialization in case no dynamic input file is
79	! present
80	! - In order to do not mess-up the job-protocoll, give error messages 503, 507
81	! and 508 only once
82	!
83	! 4360 2020-01-07 11:25:50Z suehring
84	! Fix wrong location string in message call
85	!
86	! 4356 2019-12-20 17:09:33Z suehring
87	! Correct single message calls, local checks must be given by the respective
88	! mpi rank.
89	!
90	! 4339 2019-12-13 18:18:30Z suehring
91	! Bugfix, character length too short, caused crash on NEC.
92	!
93	! 4338 2019-12-13 13:23:23Z suehring
94	! To avoid divisions by zero, add security factor in calculation of roughness
95	! length over water surfaces.
96	!
97	! 4321 2019-12-04 10:26:38Z pavelkrc
98	! Initialization of relative surface fractions revised
99	!
100	! 4312 2019-11-27 14:06:25Z suehring
101	! Bugfix: partitioning of LE from liquid water reservoir fixed. Bare soils are
102	! now allowed to store liquid water at the surface.
103	!
104	! 4261 2019-10-09 17:58:00Z scharf
105	! bugfix for rev. 4258: deallocate temporary arrays
106	!
107	! 4258 2019-10-07 13:29:08Z suehring
108	! - Revise limitation for soil moisture in case it exceeds its saturation
109	! value (J. Resler)
110	! - Revise initialization of soil moisture and temperature in a nested run in
111	! case dynamic input information is available. This case, the soil within
112	! the child domains can be initialized separately. (J. Resler, M. Suehring)
113	! - As part of this revision, migrate the netcdf input of soil temperature /
114	! moisture to this module, as well as the routine to inter/extrapolate soil
115	! profiles between different grids.
116	!
117	! 4251 2019-10-02 12:07:38Z maronga
118	! Bugfix: albedo_types for vegetation_type look-up table corrected.
119	!
120	! 4201 2019-08-29 15:47:27Z suehring
121	! - Limit soil moisture to its saturation moisture and give a respective
122	! warning rather than an error.
123	! - Perform checks for soil temperature only when there is no dynamic input
124	! file for the parent or possible child domains.
125	!
126	! 4194 2019-08-28 08:09:44Z suehring
127	! Apply more strict limitation of z0 over water surfaces in case it exceeds the
128	! surface-layer height, in order to avoid instabilities.
129	!
130	! 4188 2019-08-26 14:15:47Z suehring
131	! Minor adjustment in error numbers, typos corrected
132	!
133	! 4187 2019-08-26 12:43:15Z suehring
134	! Adjust message call in case of local checks
135	!
136	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
137	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
138	!
139	! 4118 2019-07-25 16:11:45Z suehring
140	! Initialization of soil temperature and moisture via dynamic input file only
141	! for vegetation and pavement surfaces.
142	!
143	! 4110 2019-07-22 17:05:21Z suehring
144	! Relax checks for non-consistent initialization in case static or dynamic
145	! input is provided. For example, soil_temperature or deep_soil_temperature
146	! is not mandatory any more if dynamic input is available. Also, improper
147	! settings of x_type in namelist are only checked if no static file is
148	! available.
149	!
150	! 4109 2019-07-22 17:00:34Z suehring
151	! Further revision of last commit in order to avoid any side effects when
152	! albedo type is not set in namelist and default albedo type changes.
153	!
154	! 4024 2019-06-12 14:06:46Z suehring
155	! Bugfix in albedo initialization, caused crashes in rrtmg calls
156	!
157	! 3987 2019-05-22 09:52:13Z kanani
158	! Introduce alternative switch for debug output during timestepping
159	!
160	! 3964 2019-05-09 09:48:32Z suehring
161	! In a nested child domain, distinguish between soil moisture and temperature
162	! initialization from parent via dynamic input file. Further, initialize soil
163	! moisture/temperature from dynamic input file only when initialization via
164	! 'inifor' is desired.
165	!
166	! 3943 2019-05-02 09:50:41Z maronga
167	! Removed extra blank character
168	!
169	! 3941 2019-04-30 09:48:33Z suehring
170	! Check that at least one surface type is set at surface element.
171	!
172	! 3933 2019-04-25 12:33:20Z kanani
173	! Remove unused subroutine and allocation of pt_2m, this is done in surface_mod
174	! now (surfaces%pt_2m)
175	!
176	!
177	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
178	! of additional debug messages
179	!
180	! 3881 2019-04-10 09:31:22Z suehring
181	! Bugfix in level 3 initialization of pavement albedo type and pavement
182	! emissivity
183	!
184	! 3868 2019-04-08 11:52:36Z suehring
185	! More strict limitation of roughness length when it is in the order of the
186	! vertical grid spacing
187	!
188	! 3856 2019-04-03 11:06:59Z suehring
189	! Bugfix in lsm_init in case no surface-fractions are provided
190	!
191	! 3847 2019-04-01 14:51:44Z suehring
192	! Adjust message-call for checks that are especially carried out locally.
193	!
194	! 3832 2019-03-28 13:16:58Z raasch
195	! instrumented with openmp directives
196	!
197	! 3786 2019-03-06 16:58:03Z raasch
198	! further unused variables removed
199	!
200	! 3767 2019-02-27 08:18:02Z raasch
201	! unused variable for file index removed from rrd-subroutines parameter list
202	!
203	! 3715 2019-02-04 17:34:55Z suehring
204	! Revise check for saturation moisture
205	!
206	! 3710 2019-01-30 18:11:19Z suehring
207	! Check if soil-, water-, pavement- and vegetation types are set within a valid
208	! range.
209	!
210	! 3692 2019-01-23 14:45:49Z suehring
211	! Revise check for soil moisture higher than its saturation value
212	!
213	! 3685 2019-01-21 01:02:11Z knoop
214	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
215	!
216	! 3677 2019-01-17 09:07:06Z moh.hefny
217	! Removed most_method
218	!
219	! 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z knoop
220	! nopointer option removed
221	!
222	! 1496 2014-12-02 17:25:50Z maronga
223	! Initial revision
224	!
225	!
226	! Description:
227	! ------------
228	!> Land surface model, consisting of a solver for the energy balance at the
229	!> surface and a multi layer soil scheme. The scheme is similar to the TESSEL
230	!> scheme implemented in the ECMWF IFS model, with modifications according to
231	!> H-TESSEL. The implementation is based on the formulation implemented in the
232	!> DALES and UCLA-LES models.
233	!>
234	!> @todo Extensive verification energy-balance solver for vertical surfaces,
235	!> e.g. parametrization of r_a
236	!> @todo Revise single land-surface processes for vertical surfaces, e.g.
237	!> treatment of humidity, etc.
238	!> @todo Consider partial absorption of the net shortwave radiation by the
239	!> skin layer.
240	!> @todo Improve surface water parameterization
241	!> @todo Invert indices (running from -3 to 0. Currently: nzb_soil=0,
242	!> nzt_soil=3)).
243	!> @todo Implement surface runoff model (required when performing long-term LES
244	!> with considerable precipitation.
245	!> @todo Revise calculation of f2 when wilting point is non-constant in the
246	!> soil
247	!> @todo Allow for zero soil moisture (currently, it is set to wilting point)
248	!> @note No time step criterion is required as long as the soil layers do not
249	!> become too thin.
250	!> @todo Attention, pavement_subpars_1/2 are hardcoded to 8 levels, in case
251	!> more levels are used this may cause an potential bug
252	!> @todo Routine calc_q_surface required?
253	!> @todo Allow for precipitation water to enter pavements that are semi-pervious
254	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
255	MODULE land_surface_model_mod
256
257	USE arrays_3d, &
258	ONLY: hyp, pt, prr, q, q_p, ql, vpt, u, v, w, hyrho, exner, d_exner
259
260	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
261	ONLY: c_p, g, lv_d_cp, l_v, kappa, magnus, rho_l, r_d, r_v, rd_d_rv
262
263	USE calc_mean_profile_mod, &
264	ONLY: calc_mean_profile
265
266	USE control_parameters, &
267	ONLY: cloud_droplets, &
268	coupling_char, &
269	coupling_start_time, &
270	debug_output, debug_output_timestep, debug_string, &
271	dt_3d, &
272	end_time, humidity, intermediate_timestep_count, &
273	initializing_actions, intermediate_timestep_count_max, &
274	land_surface, max_masks, pt_surface, restart_data_format_output, &
275	rho_surface, spinup, spinup_pt_mean, spinup_time, &
276	surface_pressure, timestep_scheme, tsc, &
277	time_since_reference_point
278
279	USE cpulog, &
280	ONLY: cpu_log, log_point_s
281
282	USE indices, &
283	ONLY: nbgp, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb
284
285	USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, &
286	ONLY: bulk_cloud_model, precipitation
287
288	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
289	ONLY : albedo_type_f, &
290	building_type_f, &
291	char_fill, &
292	char_lod, &
293	check_existence, &
294	close_input_file, &
295	get_attribute, &
296	get_dimension_length, &
297	get_variable, &
298	init_3d, &
299	input_file_dynamic, &
300	input_pids_dynamic, &
301	input_pids_static, &
302	inquire_num_variables, &
303	inquire_variable_names, &
304	num_var_pids, &
305	open_read_file, &
306	pids_id, &
307	pavement_pars_f, &
308	pavement_subsurface_pars_f, &
309	pavement_type_f, &
310	root_area_density_lsm_f, &
311	soil_pars_f, &
312	soil_type_f, &
313	surface_fraction_f, &
314	vars_pids, &
315	vegetation_pars_f, &
316	vegetation_type_f, &
317	water_pars_f, &
318	water_type_f
319
320	USE kinds
321
322	USE pegrid
323
324	USE radiation_model_mod, &
325	ONLY: albedo, albedo_type, emissivity, force_radiation_call, &
326	radiation, radiation_scheme, unscheduled_radiation_calls
327
328	USE restart_data_mpi_io_mod, &
329	ONLY: rd_mpi_io_check_array, rd_mpi_io_surface_filetypes, rrd_mpi_io, rrd_mpi_io_surface, &
330	wrd_mpi_io, wrd_mpi_io_surface
331
332	USE statistics, &
333	ONLY: hom, statistic_regions
334
335	USE surface_mod, &
336	ONLY : ind_pav_green, ind_veg_wall, ind_wat_win, &
337	surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, surf_type, surface_restore_elements
338
339	IMPLICIT NONE
340
341	TYPE surf_type_lsm
342	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_1d !< 1D prognostic variable
343	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: var_2d !< 2D prognostic variable
344	END TYPE surf_type_lsm
345
346	!
347	!-- LSM model constants
348
349	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: &
350	b_ch = 6.04_wp, & ! Clapp & Hornberger exponent
351	lambda_h_dry = 0.19_wp, & ! heat conductivity for dry soil (W/m/K)
352	lambda_h_sm = 3.44_wp, & ! heat conductivity of the soil matrix (W/m/K)
353	lambda_h_water = 0.57_wp, & ! heat conductivity of water (W/m/K)
354	psi_sat = -0.388_wp, & ! soil matrix potential at saturation
355	rho_c_soil = 2.19E6_wp, & ! volumetric heat capacity of soil (J/m3/K)
356	rho_c_water = 4.20E6_wp, & ! volumetric heat capacity of water (J/m3/K)
357	m_max_depth = 0.0002_wp ! Maximum capacity of the water reservoir on a flat surface (leaf/bare soil) (m)
358
359
360	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:7), PARAMETER :: dz_soil_default = & ! default soil layer configuration
361	(/ 0.01_wp, 0.02_wp, 0.04_wp, &
362	0.06_wp, 0.14_wp, 0.26_wp, &
363	0.54_wp, 1.86_wp/)
364
365	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3), PARAMETER :: dz_soil_ref = & ! reference four layer soil configuration used for estimating the root fractions
366	(/ 0.07_wp, 0.21_wp, 0.72_wp, &
367	1.89_wp /)
368
369	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3), PARAMETER :: zs_ref = & ! reference four layer soil configuration used for estimating the root fractions
370	(/ 0.07_wp, 0.28_wp, 1.0_wp, &
371	2.89_wp /)
372
373
374	!
375	!-- LSM variables
376	CHARACTER(10) :: surface_type = 'netcdf' !< general classification. Allowed are:
377	!< 'vegetation', 'pavement', ('building'),
378	!< 'water', and 'netcdf'
379
380
381
382	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_soil = 0, & !< bottom of the soil model (Earth's surface)
383	nzt_soil = 7, & !< top of the soil model
384	nzt_pavement = 0, & !< top of the pavement within the soil
385	nzs = 8, & !< number of soil layers
386	pavement_depth_level = 0, & !< default NAMELIST nzt_pavement
387	pavement_type = 1, & !< default NAMELIST pavement_type
388	soil_type = 3, & !< default NAMELIST soil_type
389	vegetation_type = 2, & !< default NAMELIST vegetation_type
390	water_type = 1 !< default NAMELISt water_type
391
392
393
394	LOGICAL :: conserve_water_content = .TRUE., & !< open or closed bottom surface for the soil model
395	constant_roughness = .FALSE., & !< use fixed/dynamic roughness lengths for water surfaces
396	force_radiation_call_l = .FALSE., & !< flag to force calling of radiation routine
397	aero_resist_kray = .TRUE. !< flag to control parametrization of aerodynamic resistance at vertical surface elements
398
399	! value 9999999.9_wp -> generic available or user-defined value must be set
400	! otherwise -> no generic variable and user setting is optional
401	REAL(wp) :: alpha_vangenuchten = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST alpha_vg
402	canopy_resistance_coefficient = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST g_d
403	c_surface = 9999999.9_wp, & !< Surface (skin) heat capacity (J/m2/K)
404	deep_soil_temperature = 9999999.9_wp, & !< Deep soil temperature (bottom boundary condition)
405	drho_l_lv, & !< (rho_l * l_v)**-1
406	field_capacity = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_fc
407	f_shortwave_incoming = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST f_sw_in
408	hydraulic_conductivity = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST gamma_w_sat
409	ke = 0.0_wp, & !< Kersten number
410	lambda_h_sat = 0.0_wp, & !< heat conductivity for saturated soil (W/m/K)
411	lambda_surface_stable = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST lambda_surface_s (W/m2/K)
412	lambda_surface_unstable = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST lambda_surface_u (W/m2/K)
413	leaf_area_index = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST lai
414	l_vangenuchten = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST l_vg
415	min_canopy_resistance = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST r_canopy_min
416	min_soil_resistance = 50.0_wp, & !< NAMELIST r_soil_min
417	m_total = 0.0_wp, & !< weighted total water content of the soil (m3/m3)
418	n_vangenuchten = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST n_vg
419	pavement_heat_capacity = 9999999.9_wp, & !< volumetric heat capacity of pavement (e.g. roads) (J/m3/K)
420	pavement_heat_conduct = 9999999.9_wp, & !< heat conductivity for pavements (e.g. roads) (W/m/K)
421	q_s = 0.0_wp, & !< saturation water vapor mixing ratio
422	residual_moisture = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_res
423	rho_cp, & !< rho_surface * cp
424	rho_lv, & !< rho_ocean * l_v
425	saturation_moisture = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_sat
426	skip_time_do_lsm = 0.0_wp, & !< LSM is not called before this time
427	vegetation_coverage = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST c_veg
428	water_temperature = 9999999.9_wp, & !< water temperature
429	wilting_point = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST m_wilt
430	z0_vegetation = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0 (lsm_par)
431	z0h_vegetation = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0h (lsm_par)
432	z0q_vegetation = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0q (lsm_par)
433	z0_pavement = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0 (lsm_par)
434	z0h_pavement = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0h (lsm_par)
435	z0q_pavement = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0q (lsm_par)
436	z0_water = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0 (lsm_par)
437	z0h_water = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST z0h (lsm_par)
438	z0q_water = 9999999.9_wp !< NAMELIST z0q (lsm_par)
439
440
441	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ddz_soil_center, & !< 1/dz_soil_center
442	ddz_soil, & !< 1/dz_soil
443	dz_soil_center, & !< soil grid spacing (center-center)
444	zs, & !< depth of the temperature/moisute levels
445	root_extr !< root extraction
446
447
448
449	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:20) :: root_fraction = 9999999.9_wp, & !< (NAMELIST) distribution of root surface area to the individual soil layers
450	soil_moisture = 0.0_wp, & !< NAMELIST soil moisture content (m3/m3)
451	soil_temperature = 9999999.9_wp, & !< NAMELIST soil temperature (K) +1
452	dz_soil = 9999999.9_wp, & !< (NAMELIST) soil layer depths (spacing)
453	zs_layer = 9999999.9_wp !< soil layer depths (edge)
454
455	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: &
456	t_soil_h, & !< Soil temperature (K), horizontal surface elements
457	t_soil_h_p, & !< Prog. soil temperature (K), horizontal surface elements
458	m_soil_h, & !< Soil moisture (m3/m3), horizontal surface elements
459	m_soil_h_p !< Prog. soil moisture (m3/m3), horizontal surface elements
460
461	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), TARGET :: &
462	t_soil_h_1, & !<
463	t_soil_h_2, & !<
464	m_soil_h_1, & !<
465	m_soil_h_2 !<
466
467	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: &
468	t_soil_v, & !< Soil temperature (K), vertical surface elements
469	t_soil_v_p, & !< Prog. soil temperature (K), vertical surface elements
470	m_soil_v, & !< Soil moisture (m3/m3), vertical surface elements
471	m_soil_v_p !< Prog. soil moisture (m3/m3), vertical surface elements
472
473	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), TARGET :: &
474	t_soil_v_1, & !<
475	t_soil_v_2, & !<
476	m_soil_v_1, & !<
477	m_soil_v_2 !<
478
479	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(:), POINTER ::&
480	t_surface_h, & !< surface temperature (K), horizontal surface elements
481	t_surface_h_p, & !< progn. surface temperature (K), horizontal surface elements
482	m_liq_h, & !< liquid water reservoir (m), horizontal surface elements
483	m_liq_h_p !< progn. liquid water reservoir (m), horizontal surface elements
484
485	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), TARGET :: &
486	t_surface_h_1, & !<
487	t_surface_h_2, & !<
488	m_liq_h_1, & !<
489	m_liq_h_2 !<
490
491	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(:), POINTER :: &
492	t_surface_v, & !< surface temperature (K), vertical surface elements
493	t_surface_v_p, & !< progn. surface temperature (K), vertical surface elements
494	m_liq_v, & !< liquid water reservoir (m), vertical surface elements
495	m_liq_v_p !< progn. liquid water reservoir (m), vertical surface elements
496
497	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), TARGET :: &
498	t_surface_v_1, & !<
499	t_surface_v_2, & !<
500	m_liq_v_1, & !<
501	m_liq_v_2 !<
502
503	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: m_liq_av
504
505	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE, TARGET :: t_soil_av, & !< Average of t_soil
506	m_soil_av !< Average of m_soil
507
508	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), TARGET :: tm_liq_h_m !< liquid water reservoir tendency (m), horizontal surface elements
509	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), TARGET :: tt_surface_h_m !< surface temperature tendency (K), horizontal surface elements
510	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), TARGET :: tt_soil_h_m !< t_soil storage array, horizontal surface elements
511	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), TARGET :: tm_soil_h_m !< m_soil storage array, horizontal surface elements
512
513	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), TARGET :: tm_liq_v_m !< liquid water reservoir tendency (m), vertical surface elements
514	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), TARGET :: tt_surface_v_m !< surface temperature tendency (K), vertical surface elements
515	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), TARGET :: tt_soil_v_m !< t_soil storage array, vertical surface elements
516	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), TARGET :: tm_soil_v_m !< m_soil storage array, vertical surface elements
517
518	!
519	!-- Energy balance variables
520	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: &
521	c_liq_av, & !< average of c_liq
522	c_soil_av, & !< average of c_soil
523	c_veg_av, & !< average of c_veg
524	lai_av, & !< average of lai
525	qsws_liq_av, & !< average of qsws_liq
526	qsws_soil_av, & !< average of qsws_soil
527	qsws_veg_av, & !< average of qsws_veg
528	r_s_av !< average of r_s
529
530	!
531	!-- Predefined Land surface classes (vegetation_type)
532	CHARACTER(26), DIMENSION(0:18), PARAMETER :: vegetation_type_name = (/ &
533	'user defined ', & ! 0
534	'bare soil ', & ! 1
535	'crops, mixed farming ', & ! 2
536	'short grass ', & ! 3
537	'evergreen needleleaf trees', & ! 4
538	'deciduous needleleaf trees', & ! 5
539	'evergreen broadleaf trees ', & ! 6
540	'deciduous broadleaf trees ', & ! 7
541	'tall grass ', & ! 8
542	'desert ', & ! 9
543	'tundra ', & ! 10
544	'irrigated crops ', & ! 11
545	'semidesert ', & ! 12
546	'ice caps and glaciers ', & ! 13
547	'bogs and marshes ', & ! 14
548	'evergreen shrubs ', & ! 15
549	'deciduous shrubs ', & ! 16
550	'mixed forest/woodland ', & ! 17
551	'interrupted forest ' & ! 18
552	/)
553
554	!
555	!-- Soil model classes (soil_type)
556	CHARACTER(12), DIMENSION(0:6), PARAMETER :: soil_type_name = (/ &
557	'user defined', & ! 0
558	'coarse ', & ! 1
559	'medium ', & ! 2
560	'medium-fine ', & ! 3
561	'fine ', & ! 4
562	'very fine ', & ! 5
563	'organic ' & ! 6
564	/)
565
566	!
567	!-- Pavement classes
568	CHARACTER(29), DIMENSION(0:15), PARAMETER :: pavement_type_name = (/ &
569	'user defined ', & ! 0
570	'asphalt/concrete mix ', & ! 1
571	'asphalt (asphalt concrete) ', & ! 2
572	'concrete (Portland concrete) ', & ! 3
573	'sett ', & ! 4
574	'paving stones ', & ! 5
575	'cobblestone ', & ! 6
576	'metal ', & ! 7
577	'wood ', & ! 8
578	'gravel ', & ! 9
579	'fine gravel ', & ! 10
580	'pebblestone ', & ! 11
581	'woodchips ', & ! 12
582	'tartan (sports) ', & ! 13
583	'artifical turf (sports) ', & ! 14
584	'clay (sports) ' & ! 15
585	/)
586
587	!
588	!-- Water classes
589	CHARACTER(12), DIMENSION(0:5), PARAMETER :: water_type_name = (/ &
590	'user defined', & ! 0
591	'lake ', & ! 1
592	'river ', & ! 2
593	'ocean ', & ! 3
594	'pond ', & ! 4
595	'fountain ' & ! 5
596	/)
597
598	!
599	!-- Land surface parameters according to the respective classes (vegetation_type)
600	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_rc_min = 0 !< index for r_canopy_min in vegetation_pars
601	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_rc_lai = 1 !< index for LAI in vegetation_pars
602	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_c_veg = 2 !< index for c_veg in vegetation_pars
603	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_gd = 3 !< index for g_d in vegetation_pars
604	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_z0 = 4 !< index for z0 in vegetation_pars
605	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_z0qh = 5 !< index for z0h / z0q in vegetation_pars
606	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_lambda_s = 6 !< index for lambda_s_s in vegetation_pars
607	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_lambda_u = 7 !< index for lambda_s_u in vegetation_pars
608	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_f_sw_in = 8 !< index for f_sw_in in vegetation_pars
609	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_c_surf = 9 !< index for c_surface in vegetation_pars
610	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_at = 10 !< index for albedo_type in vegetation_pars
611	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_v_emis = 11 !< index for emissivity in vegetation_pars
612
613	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_temp = 0 !< index for temperature in water_pars
614	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_z0 = 1 !< index for z0 in water_pars
615	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_z0h = 2 !< index for z0h in water_pars
616	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_lambda_s = 3 !< index for lambda_s_s in water_pars
617	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_lambda_u = 4 !< index for lambda_s_u in water_pars
618	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_at = 5 !< index for albedo type in water_pars
619	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_w_emis = 6 !< index for emissivity in water_pars
620
621	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_p_z0 = 0 !< index for z0 in pavement_pars
622	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_p_z0h = 1 !< index for z0h in pavement_pars
623	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_p_at = 2 !< index for albedo type in pavement_pars
624	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_p_emis = 3 !< index for emissivity in pavement_pars
625	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_p_lambda_h = 0 !< index for lambda_h in pavement_subsurface_pars
626	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_p_rho_c = 1 !< index for rho_c in pavement_pars
627	!
628	!-- Land surface parameters
629	!-- r_canopy_min, lai, c_veg, g_d z0, z0h, lambda_s_s, lambda_s_u, f_sw_in, c_surface, albedo_type, emissivity
630	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:11,1:18), PARAMETER :: vegetation_pars = RESHAPE( (/ &
631	0.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.005_wp, 0.5E-4_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 17.0_wp, 0.94_wp, & ! 1
632	180.0_wp, 3.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.10_wp, 0.001_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 2.0_wp, 0.95_wp, & ! 2
633	110.0_wp, 2.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.3E-4_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 5.0_wp, 0.95_wp, & ! 3
634	500.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.03_wp, 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.00_wp, 6.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 4
635	500.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.03_wp, 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.00_wp, 8.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 5
636	175.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.03_wp, 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.00_wp, 9.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 6
637	240.0_wp, 6.00_wp, 0.99_wp, 0.03_wp, 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.00_wp, 7.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 7
638	100.0_wp, 2.00_wp, 0.70_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.47_wp, 0.47E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 8
639	250.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.013_wp, 0.013E-2_wp, 15.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 11.0_wp, 0.94_wp, & ! 9
640	80.0_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.034_wp, 0.034E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 13.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 10
641	180.0_wp, 3.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.5_wp, 0.50E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 2.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 11
642	150.0_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.10_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.17_wp, 0.17E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 11.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 12
643	0.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 1.3E-3_wp, 1.3E-4_wp, 58.0_wp, 58.0_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 14.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 13
644	240.0_wp, 4.00_wp, 0.60_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.83_wp, 0.83E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 3.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 14
645	225.0_wp, 3.00_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.10_wp, 0.10E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 4.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 15
646	225.0_wp, 1.50_wp, 0.50_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.25_wp, 0.25E-2_wp, 10.0_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.05_wp, 0.00_wp, 5.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 16
647	250.0_wp, 5.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.03_wp, 2.00_wp, 2.00_wp, 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.00_wp, 10.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 17
648	175.0_wp, 2.50_wp, 1.00_wp, 0.03_wp, 1.10_wp, 1.10_wp, 20.0_wp, 15.0_wp, 0.03_wp, 0.00_wp, 7.0_wp, 0.97_wp & ! 18
649	/), (/ 12, 18 /) )
650
651
652	!
653	!-- Root distribution for default soil layer configuration (sum = 1)
654	!-- level 1 - level 4 according to zs_ref
655	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3,1:18), PARAMETER :: root_distribution = RESHAPE( (/ &
656	1.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 1
657	0.24_wp, 0.41_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.04_wp, & ! 2
658	0.35_wp, 0.38_wp, 0.23_wp, 0.04_wp, & ! 3
659	0.26_wp, 0.39_wp, 0.29_wp, 0.06_wp, & ! 4
660	0.26_wp, 0.38_wp, 0.29_wp, 0.07_wp, & ! 5
661	0.24_wp, 0.38_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.07_wp, & ! 6
662	0.25_wp, 0.34_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.14_wp, & ! 7
663	0.27_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.09_wp, & ! 8
664	1.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 9
665	0.47_wp, 0.45_wp, 0.08_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 10
666	0.24_wp, 0.41_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.04_wp, & ! 11
667	0.17_wp, 0.31_wp, 0.33_wp, 0.19_wp, & ! 12
668	0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, 0.00_wp, & ! 13
669	0.25_wp, 0.34_wp, 0.27_wp, 0.11_wp, & ! 14
670	0.23_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.30_wp, 0.11_wp, & ! 15
671	0.23_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.30_wp, 0.11_wp, & ! 16
672	0.19_wp, 0.35_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.10_wp, & ! 17
673	0.19_wp, 0.35_wp, 0.36_wp, 0.10_wp & ! 18
674	/), (/ 4, 18 /) )
675
676	!
677	!-- Soil parameters according to the following porosity classes (soil_type)
678
679	!
680	!-- Soil parameters alpha_vg, l_vg, n_vg, gamma_w_sat, m_sat, m_fc, m_wilt, m_res
681	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:7,1:6), PARAMETER :: soil_pars = RESHAPE( (/ &
682	3.83_wp, 1.250_wp, 1.38_wp, 6.94E-6_wp, 0.403_wp, 0.244_wp, 0.059_wp, 0.025_wp,& ! 1
683	3.14_wp, -2.342_wp, 1.28_wp, 1.16E-6_wp, 0.439_wp, 0.347_wp, 0.151_wp, 0.010_wp,& ! 2
684	0.83_wp, -0.588_wp, 1.25_wp, 0.26E-6_wp, 0.430_wp, 0.383_wp, 0.133_wp, 0.010_wp,& ! 3
685	3.67_wp, -1.977_wp, 1.10_wp, 2.87E-6_wp, 0.520_wp, 0.448_wp, 0.279_wp, 0.010_wp,& ! 4
686	2.65_wp, 2.500_wp, 1.10_wp, 1.74E-6_wp, 0.614_wp, 0.541_wp, 0.335_wp, 0.010_wp,& ! 5
687	1.30_wp, 0.400_wp, 1.20_wp, 0.93E-6_wp, 0.766_wp, 0.663_wp, 0.267_wp, 0.010_wp & ! 6
688	/), (/ 8, 6 /) )
689
690
691	!
692	!-- TO BE FILLED
693	!-- Pavement parameters z0, z0h, albedo_type, emissivity
694	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:3,1:15), PARAMETER :: pavement_pars = RESHAPE( (/ &
695	5.0E-2_wp, 5.0E-4_wp, 18.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 1
696	5.0E-2_wp, 5.0E-4_wp, 19.0_wp, 0.94_wp, & ! 2
697	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 20.0_wp, 0.98_wp, & ! 3
698	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 21.0_wp, 0.93_wp, & ! 4
699	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 22.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 5
700	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 23.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 6
701	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 24.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 7
702	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 25.0_wp, 0.94_wp, & ! 8
703	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 26.0_wp, 0.98_wp, & ! 9
704	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 27.0_wp, 0.93_wp, & ! 10
705	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 28.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 11
706	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 29.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 12
707	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 30.0_wp, 0.97_wp, & ! 13
708	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 31.0_wp, 0.94_wp, & ! 14
709	1.0E-2_wp, 1.0E-4_wp, 32.0_wp, 0.98_wp & ! 15
710	/), (/ 4, 15 /) )
711	!
712	!-- Pavement subsurface parameters part 1: thermal conductivity (W/m/K)
713	!-- 0.0-0.01, 0.01-0.03, 0.03-0.07, 0.07-0.15, 0.15-0.30, 0.30-0.50, 0.50-1.25, 1.25-3.00
714	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:7,1:15), PARAMETER :: pavement_subsurface_pars_1 = RESHAPE( (/ &
715	0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 1
716	0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 0.75_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 2
717	0.89_wp, 0.89_wp, 0.89_wp, 0.89_wp, 0.89_wp, 0.89_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 3
718	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 4
719	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 5
720	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 6
721	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 7
722	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 8
723	0.70_wp, 0.70_wp, 0.70_wp, 0.70_wp, 0.70_wp, 0.70_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 9
724	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 10
725	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 11
726	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 12
727	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 13
728	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 14
729	1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 1.00_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp & ! 15
730	/), (/ 8, 15 /) )
731
732	!
733	!-- Pavement subsurface parameters part 2: volumetric heat capacity (J/m3/K)
734	!-- 0.0-0.01, 0.01-0.03, 0.03-0.07, 0.07-0.15, 0.15-0.30, 0.30-0.50, 0.50-1.25, 1.25-3.00
735	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:7,1:15), PARAMETER :: pavement_subsurface_pars_2 = RESHAPE( (/ &
736	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 1
737	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 2
738	1.76E6_wp, 1.76E6_wp, 1.76E6_wp, 1.76E6_wp, 1.76E6_wp, 1.76E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 3
739	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 4
740	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 5
741	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 6
742	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 7
743	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 8
744	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 9
745	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 10
746	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 11
747	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 12
748	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 13
749	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp, & ! 14
750	1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 1.94E6_wp, 9999999.9_wp, 9999999.9_wp & ! 15
751	/), (/ 8, 15 /) )
752
753	!
754	!-- TO BE FILLED
755	!-- Water parameters temperature, z0, z0h, albedo_type, emissivity,
756	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:6,1:5), PARAMETER :: water_pars = RESHAPE( (/ &
757	283.0_wp, 0.01_wp, 0.001_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0_wp, 0.99_wp, & ! 1
758	283.0_wp, 0.01_wp, 0.001_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0_wp, 0.99_wp, & ! 2
759	283.0_wp, 0.01_wp, 0.001_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0_wp, 0.99_wp, & ! 3
760	283.0_wp, 0.01_wp, 0.001_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0_wp, 0.99_wp, & ! 4
761	283.0_wp, 0.01_wp, 0.001_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0E10_wp, 1.0_wp, 0.99_wp & ! 5
762	/), (/ 7, 5 /) )
763
764	SAVE
765
766
767	PRIVATE
768
769
770	!
771	!-- Public functions
772	PUBLIC lsm_boundary_condition, lsm_check_data_output, &
773	lsm_check_data_output_pr, &
774	lsm_check_parameters, lsm_define_netcdf_grid, lsm_3d_data_averaging,&
775	lsm_data_output_2d, lsm_data_output_3d, lsm_energy_balance, &
776	lsm_header, lsm_init, lsm_init_arrays, lsm_parin, lsm_soil_model, &
777	lsm_swap_timelevel, lsm_rrd_local, lsm_wrd_local
778	! !vegetat
779	!-- Public parameters, constants and initial values
780	PUBLIC aero_resist_kray, skip_time_do_lsm
781
782	!
783	!-- Public grid variables
784	PUBLIC nzb_soil, nzs, nzt_soil, zs
785
786	!
787	!-- Public prognostic variables
788	PUBLIC m_soil_h, t_soil_h
789
790	INTERFACE lsm_boundary_condition
791	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_boundary_condition
792	END INTERFACE lsm_boundary_condition
793
794	INTERFACE lsm_check_data_output
795	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_check_data_output
796	END INTERFACE lsm_check_data_output
797
798	INTERFACE lsm_check_data_output_pr
799	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_check_data_output_pr
800	END INTERFACE lsm_check_data_output_pr
801
802	INTERFACE lsm_check_parameters
803	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_check_parameters
804	END INTERFACE lsm_check_parameters
805
806	INTERFACE lsm_3d_data_averaging
807	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_3d_data_averaging
808	END INTERFACE lsm_3d_data_averaging
809
810	INTERFACE lsm_data_output_2d
811	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_data_output_2d
812	END INTERFACE lsm_data_output_2d
813
814	INTERFACE lsm_data_output_3d
815	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_data_output_3d
816	END INTERFACE lsm_data_output_3d
817
818	INTERFACE lsm_define_netcdf_grid
819	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_define_netcdf_grid
820	END INTERFACE lsm_define_netcdf_grid
821
822	INTERFACE lsm_energy_balance
823	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_energy_balance
824	END INTERFACE lsm_energy_balance
825
826	INTERFACE lsm_header
827	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_header
828	END INTERFACE lsm_header
829
830	INTERFACE lsm_init
831	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_init
832	END INTERFACE lsm_init
833
834	INTERFACE lsm_init_arrays
835	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_init_arrays
836	END INTERFACE lsm_init_arrays
837
838	INTERFACE lsm_parin
839	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_parin
840	END INTERFACE lsm_parin
841
842	INTERFACE lsm_soil_model
843	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_soil_model
844	END INTERFACE lsm_soil_model
845
846	INTERFACE lsm_swap_timelevel
847	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_swap_timelevel
848	END INTERFACE lsm_swap_timelevel
849
850	INTERFACE lsm_rrd_local
851	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_rrd_local_ftn
852	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_rrd_local_mpi
853	END INTERFACE lsm_rrd_local
854
855	INTERFACE lsm_wrd_local
856	MODULE PROCEDURE lsm_wrd_local
857	END INTERFACE lsm_wrd_local
858
859	CONTAINS
860
861
862	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
863	! Description:
864	! ------------
865	!> Set internal Neumann boundary condition at outer soil grid points
866	!> for temperature and humidity.
867	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
868	SUBROUTINE lsm_boundary_condition
869
870	IMPLICIT NONE
871
872	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x-direction
873	INTEGER(iwp) :: ioff !< offset index x-direction indicating location of soil grid point
874	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y-direction
875	INTEGER(iwp) :: joff !< offset index x-direction indicating location of soil grid point
876	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z-direction
877	INTEGER(iwp) :: koff !< offset index x-direction indicating location of soil grid point
878	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index surface-orientation
879	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
880
881	DO l = 0, 1
882	koff = surf_lsm_h(l)%koff
883	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
884	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
885	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
886	k = surf_lsm_h(l)%k(m)
887	pt(k+koff,j,i) = pt(k,j,i)
888	ENDDO
889	ENDDO
890
891	DO l = 0, 3
892	ioff = surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff
893	joff = surf_lsm_v(l)%joff
894	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
895	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
896	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
897	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
898	pt(k,j+joff,i+ioff) = pt(k,j,i)
899	ENDDO
900	ENDDO
901	!
902	!-- In case of humidity, set boundary conditions also for q and vpt.
903	IF ( humidity ) THEN
904	DO l = 0, 1
905	koff = surf_lsm_h(l)%koff
906	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
907	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
908	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
909	k = surf_lsm_h(l)%k(m)
910	q(k+koff,j,i) = q(k,j,i)
911	vpt(k+koff,j,i) = vpt(k,j,i)
912	ENDDO
913	ENDDO
914	DO l = 0, 3
915	ioff = surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff
916	joff = surf_lsm_v(l)%joff
917	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
918	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
919	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
920	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
921	q(k,j+joff,i+ioff) = q(k,j,i)
922	vpt(k,j+joff,i+ioff) = vpt(k,j,i)
923	ENDDO
924	ENDDO
925	ENDIF
926
927	END SUBROUTINE lsm_boundary_condition
928
929	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
930	! Description:
931	! ------------
932	!> Check data output for land surface model
933	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
934	SUBROUTINE lsm_check_data_output( var, unit, i, ilen, k )
935
936
937	USE control_parameters, &
938	ONLY: data_output, message_string
939
940	IMPLICIT NONE
941
942	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
943	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !<
944
945	INTEGER(iwp) :: i
946	INTEGER(iwp) :: ilen
947	INTEGER(iwp) :: k
948
949	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
950
951	CASE ( 'm_soil' )
952	IF ( .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
953	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
954	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
955	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
956	ENDIF
957	unit = 'm3/m3'
958
959	CASE ( 't_soil' )
960	IF ( .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
961	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
962	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
963	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
964	ENDIF
965	unit = 'K'
966
967	CASE ( 'lai', 'c_liq', 'c_soil', 'c_veg', 'm_liq*', &
968	'qsws_liq', 'qsws_soil', 'qsws_veg', 'r_s' )
969	IF ( k == 0 .OR. data_output(i)(ilen-2:ilen) /= '_xy' ) THEN
970	message_string = 'illegal value for data_output: "' // &
971	TRIM( var ) // '" & only 2d-horizontal ' // &
972	'cross sections are allowed for this value'
973	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0111', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
974	ENDIF
975	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'lai*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
976	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
977	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
978	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
979	ENDIF
980	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'c_liq*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
981	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
982	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
983	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
984	ENDIF
985	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'c_soil*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
986	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
987	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
988	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
989	ENDIF
990	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'c_veg*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
991	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
992	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
993	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
994	ENDIF
995	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'm_liq*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
996	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
997	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
998	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
999	ENDIF
1000	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'qsws_liq*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) &
1001	THEN
1002	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
1003	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
1004	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1005	ENDIF
1006	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'qsws_soil*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) &
1007	THEN
1008	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
1009	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
1010	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1011	ENDIF
1012	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'qsws_veg*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) &
1013	THEN
1014	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
1015	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
1016	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1017	ENDIF
1018	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'r_s*' .AND. .NOT. land_surface ) &
1019	THEN
1020	message_string = 'output of "' // TRIM( var ) // '" requi' // &
1021	'res land_surface = .TRUE.'
1022	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output', 'PA0404', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1023	ENDIF
1024
1025	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'lai*' ) unit = 'none'
1026	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'c_liq*' ) unit = 'none'
1027	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'c_soil*') unit = 'none'
1028	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'c_veg*' ) unit = 'none'
1029	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'm_liq*' ) unit = 'm'
1030	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'qsws_liq*' ) unit = 'W/m2'
1031	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'qsws_soil*' ) unit = 'W/m2'
1032	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'qsws_veg*' ) unit = 'W/m2'
1033	IF ( TRIM( var ) == 'r_s*') unit = 's/m'
1034
1035	CASE DEFAULT
1036	unit = 'illegal'
1037
1038	END SELECT
1039
1040
1041	END SUBROUTINE lsm_check_data_output
1042
1043
1044
1045	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1046	! Description:
1047	! ------------
1048	!> Check data output of profiles for land surface model
1049	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1050	SUBROUTINE lsm_check_data_output_pr( variable, var_count, unit, dopr_unit )
1051
1052	USE control_parameters, &
1053	ONLY: data_output_pr, message_string
1054
1055	USE indices
1056
1057	USE profil_parameter
1058
1059	USE statistics
1060
1061	IMPLICIT NONE
1062
1063	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
1064	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
1065	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: dopr_unit !< local value of dopr_unit
1066
1067	INTEGER(iwp) :: var_count !<
1068
1069	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
1070
1071	CASE ( 't_soil', '#t_soil' )
1072	IF ( .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
1073	message_string = 'data_output_pr = ' // &
1074	TRIM( data_output_pr(var_count) ) // ' is ' // &
1075	'not implemented for land_surface = .FALSE.'
1076	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output_pr', 'PA0402', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1077	ELSE
1078	dopr_index(var_count) = 89
1079	dopr_unit = 'K'
1080	hom(0:nzs-1,2,89,:) = SPREAD( - zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1081	IF ( data_output_pr(var_count)(1:1) == '#' ) THEN
1082	dopr_initial_index(var_count) = 90
1083	hom(0:nzs-1,2,90,:) = SPREAD( - zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1084	data_output_pr(var_count) = data_output_pr(var_count)(2:)
1085	ENDIF
1086	unit = dopr_unit
1087	ENDIF
1088
1089	CASE ( 'm_soil', '#m_soil' )
1090	IF ( .NOT. land_surface ) THEN
1091	message_string = 'data_output_pr = ' // &
1092	TRIM( data_output_pr(var_count) ) // ' is' // &
1093	' not implemented for land_surface = .FALSE.'
1094	CALL message( 'lsm_check_data_output_pr', 'PA0402', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1095	ELSE
1096	dopr_index(var_count) = 91
1097	dopr_unit = 'm3/m3'
1098	hom(0:nzs-1,2,91,:) = SPREAD( - zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1099	IF ( data_output_pr(var_count)(1:1) == '#' ) THEN
1100	dopr_initial_index(var_count) = 92
1101	hom(0:nzs-1,2,92,:) = SPREAD( - zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1102	data_output_pr(var_count) = data_output_pr(var_count)(2:)
1103	ENDIF
1104	unit = dopr_unit
1105	ENDIF
1106
1107
1108	CASE DEFAULT
1109	unit = 'illegal'
1110
1111	END SELECT
1112
1113
1114	END SUBROUTINE lsm_check_data_output_pr
1115
1116
1117	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1118	! Description:
1119	! ------------
1120	!> Check parameters routine for land surface model
1121	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1122	SUBROUTINE lsm_check_parameters
1123
1124	USE control_parameters, &
1125	ONLY: bc_pt_b, bc_q_b, constant_flux_layer, message_string
1126
1127
1128	IMPLICIT NONE
1129
1130	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index, x-dimension
1131	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index, y-dimension
1132	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index, z-dimension
1133
1134	LOGICAL :: dynamic_soil_input_parent !< flag indicating the presence of a dynamic input file for the parent
1135
1136	!
1137	!-- Check for a valid setting of surface_type. The default value is 'netcdf'.
1138	!-- In that case, the surface types are read from NetCDF file
1139	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) /= 'vegetation' .AND. &
1140	TRIM( surface_type ) /= 'pavement' .AND. &
1141	TRIM( surface_type ) /= 'water' .AND. &
1142	TRIM( surface_type ) /= 'netcdf' ) THEN
1143	message_string = 'unknown surface type: surface_type = "' // &
1144	TRIM( surface_type ) // '"'
1145	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0019', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1146	ENDIF
1147
1148	!
1149	!-- Dirichlet boundary conditions are required as the surface fluxes are
1150	!-- calculated from the temperature/humidity gradients in the land surface
1151	!-- model
1152	IF ( bc_pt_b == 'neumann' .OR. bc_q_b == 'neumann' ) THEN
1153	message_string = 'lsm requires setting of'// &
1154	'bc_pt_b = "dirichlet" and '// &
1155	'bc_q_b = "dirichlet"'
1156	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0399', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1157	ENDIF
1158
1159	IF ( .NOT. constant_flux_layer ) THEN
1160	message_string = 'lsm requires '// &
1161	'constant_flux_layer = .T.'
1162	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0400', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1163	ENDIF
1164
1165	IF ( .NOT. radiation ) THEN
1166	message_string = 'lsm requires '// &
1167	'the radiation model to be switched on'
1168	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0400', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1169	ENDIF
1170	!
1171	!-- Check if soil types are set within a valid range.
1172	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'vegetation' .OR. &
1173	TRIM( surface_type ) == 'pavement' ) THEN
1174	IF ( soil_type < LBOUND( soil_pars, 2 ) .AND. &
1175	soil_type > UBOUND( soil_pars, 2 ) ) THEN
1176	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'soil_type = ', soil_type, ' is out ' // &
1177	'of the valid range'
1178	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0452', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1179	ENDIF
1180	ENDIF
1181	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'netcdf' ) THEN
1182	IF ( soil_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1183	DO i = nxl, nxr
1184	DO j = nys, nyn
1185	IF ( soil_type_f%var_2d(j,i) /= soil_type_f%fill .AND. &
1186	( soil_type_f%var_2d(j,i) < LBOUND( soil_pars, 2 ) .OR. &
1187	soil_type_f%var_2d(j,i) > UBOUND( soil_pars, 2 ) ) ) THEN
1188	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'soil_type = is out of ' // &
1189	'the valid range at (j,i) = ', j, i
1190	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0452', &
1191	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
1192	ENDIF
1193	ENDDO
1194	ENDDO
1195	ENDIF
1196	ENDIF
1197	!
1198	!-- Check if vegetation types are set within a valid range.
1199	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'vegetation' ) THEN
1200	IF ( vegetation_type < LBOUND( vegetation_pars, 2 ) .AND. &
1201	vegetation_type > UBOUND( vegetation_pars, 2 ) ) THEN
1202	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'vegetation_type = ', vegetation_type, &
1203	' is out of the valid range'
1204	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0526', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1205	ENDIF
1206	ENDIF
1207	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'netcdf' ) THEN
1208	IF ( vegetation_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1209	DO i = nxl, nxr
1210	DO j = nys, nyn
1211	IF ( vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) /= vegetation_type_f%fill .AND.&
1212	( vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) < LBOUND( vegetation_pars, 2 ) .OR.&
1213	vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) > UBOUND( vegetation_pars, 2 ) ) ) &
1214	THEN
1215	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'vegetation_type = is out of ' //&
1216	'the valid range at (j,i) = ', j, i
1217	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0526', &
1218	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
1219	ENDIF
1220	ENDDO
1221	ENDDO
1222	ENDIF
1223	ENDIF
1224	!
1225	!-- Check if pavement types are set within a valid range.
1226	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'pavement' ) THEN
1227	IF ( pavement_type < LBOUND( pavement_pars, 2 ) .AND. &
1228	pavement_type > UBOUND( pavement_pars, 2 ) ) THEN
1229	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'pavement_type = ', pavement_type, &
1230	' is out of the valid range'
1231	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0527', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1232	ENDIF
1233	ENDIF
1234	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'netcdf' ) THEN
1235	IF ( pavement_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1236	DO i = nxl, nxr
1237	DO j = nys, nyn
1238	IF ( pavement_type_f%var(j,i) /= pavement_type_f%fill .AND. &
1239	( pavement_type_f%var(j,i) < LBOUND( pavement_pars, 2 ) .OR. &
1240	pavement_type_f%var(j,i) > UBOUND( pavement_pars, 2 ) ) ) THEN
1241	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'pavement_type = is out of ' // &
1242	'the valid range at (j,i) = ', j, i
1243	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0527', &
1244	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
1245	ENDIF
1246	ENDDO
1247	ENDDO
1248	ENDIF
1249	ENDIF
1250	!
1251	!-- Check if water types are set within a valid range.
1252	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'water' ) THEN
1253	IF ( water_type < LBOUND( water_pars, 2 ) .AND. &
1254	water_type > UBOUND( water_pars, 2 ) ) THEN
1255	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'water_type = ', water_type, &
1256	' is out of the valid range'
1257	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0528', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1258	ENDIF
1259	ENDIF
1260	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'netcdf' ) THEN
1261	IF ( water_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1262	DO i = nxl, nxr
1263	DO j = nys, nyn
1264	IF ( water_type_f%var(j,i) /= water_type_f%fill .AND. &
1265	( water_type_f%var(j,i) < LBOUND( water_pars, 2 ) .OR. &
1266	water_type_f%var(j,i) > UBOUND( water_pars, 2 ) ) ) THEN
1267	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'water_type = is out of ' // &
1268	'the valid range at (j,i) = ', j, i
1269	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0528', &
1270	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
1271	ENDIF
1272	ENDDO
1273	ENDDO
1274	ENDIF
1275	ENDIF
1276	!
1277	!-- Check further settings for consistency.
1278	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'vegetation' ) THEN
1279
1280	IF ( vegetation_type == 0 ) THEN
1281	IF ( min_canopy_resistance == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1282	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user defined)'// &
1283	'requires setting of min_canopy_resistance'// &
1284	'/= 9999999.9'
1285	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1286	ENDIF
1287
1288	IF ( leaf_area_index == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1289	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1290	'requires setting of leaf_area_index'// &
1291	'/= 9999999.9'
1292	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1293	ENDIF
1294
1295	IF ( vegetation_coverage == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1296	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1297	'requires setting of vegetation_coverage'// &
1298	'/= 9999999.9'
1299	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1300	ENDIF
1301
1302	IF ( canopy_resistance_coefficient == 9999999.9_wp) THEN
1303	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1304	'requires setting of'// &
1305	'canopy_resistance_coefficient /= 9999999.9'
1306	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1307	ENDIF
1308
1309	IF ( lambda_surface_stable == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1310	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1311	'requires setting of lambda_surface_stable'// &
1312	'/= 9999999.9'
1313	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1314	ENDIF
1315
1316	IF ( lambda_surface_unstable == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1317	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1318	'requires setting of lambda_surface_unstable'// &
1319	'/= 9999999.9'
1320	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1321	ENDIF
1322
1323	IF ( f_shortwave_incoming == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1324	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1325	'requires setting of f_shortwave_incoming'// &
1326	'/= 9999999.9'
1327	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1328	ENDIF
1329
1330	IF ( z0_vegetation == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1331	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1332	'requires setting of z0_vegetation'// &
1333	'/= 9999999.9'
1334	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1335	ENDIF
1336
1337	IF ( z0h_vegetation == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1338	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1339	'requires setting of z0h_vegetation'// &
1340	'/= 9999999.9'
1341	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1342	ENDIF
1343	ENDIF
1344
1345	IF ( vegetation_type == 1 ) THEN
1346	IF ( vegetation_coverage /= 9999999.9_wp .AND. vegetation_coverage &
1347	/= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1348	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 1 (bare soil)'// &
1349	' requires vegetation_coverage = 0'
1350	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0294', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1351	ENDIF
1352	ENDIF
1353
1354	ENDIF
1355
1356	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'water' ) THEN
1357
1358	IF ( water_type == 0 ) THEN
1359
1360	IF ( z0_water == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1361	message_string = 'water_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1362	'requires setting of z0_water'// &
1363	'/= 9999999.9'
1364	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0415', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1365	ENDIF
1366
1367	IF ( z0h_water == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1368	message_string = 'water_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1369	'requires setting of z0h_water'// &
1370	'/= 9999999.9'
1371	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0392', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1372	ENDIF
1373
1374	IF ( water_temperature == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1375	message_string = 'water_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1376	'requires setting of water_temperature'// &
1377	'/= 9999999.9'
1378	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0379', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1379	ENDIF
1380
1381	ENDIF
1382
1383	ENDIF
1384
1385	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'pavement' ) THEN
1386
1387	IF ( ANY( dz_soil /= 9999999.9_wp ) .AND. pavement_type /= 0 ) THEN
1388	message_string = 'non-default setting of dz_soil '// &
1389	'does not allow to use pavement_type /= 0)'
1390	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0341', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1391	ENDIF
1392
1393	IF ( pavement_type == 0 ) THEN
1394
1395	IF ( z0_pavement == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1396	message_string = 'pavement_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1397	'requires setting of z0_pavement'// &
1398	'/= 9999999.9'
1399	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0352', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1400	ENDIF
1401
1402	IF ( z0h_pavement == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1403	message_string = 'pavement_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1404	'requires setting of z0h_pavement'// &
1405	'/= 9999999.9'
1406	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0353', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1407	ENDIF
1408
1409	IF ( pavement_heat_conduct == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1410	message_string = 'pavement_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1411	'requires setting of pavement_heat_conduct'// &
1412	'/= 9999999.9'
1413	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0342', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1414	ENDIF
1415
1416	IF ( pavement_heat_capacity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1417	message_string = 'pavement_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1418	'requires setting of pavement_heat_capacity'// &
1419	'/= 9999999.9'
1420	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0139', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1421	ENDIF
1422
1423	IF ( pavement_depth_level == 0 ) THEN
1424	message_string = 'pavement_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1425	'requires setting of pavement_depth_level'// &
1426	'/= 0'
1427	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0474', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1428	ENDIF
1429
1430	ENDIF
1431
1432	ENDIF
1433
1434	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'netcdf' ) THEN
1435	IF ( pavement_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1436	IF ( ANY( pavement_type_f%var /= pavement_type_f%fill ) .AND. &
1437	ANY( dz_soil /= 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
1438	message_string = 'pavement-surfaces are not allowed in ' // &
1439	'combination with a non-default setting of dz_soil'
1440	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0316', 2, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1441	ENDIF
1442	ENDIF
1443	ENDIF
1444
1445	!
1446	!-- Temporary message as long as NetCDF input is not available
1447	IF ( TRIM( surface_type ) == 'netcdf' .AND. .NOT. input_pids_static ) &
1448	THEN
1449	message_string = 'surface_type = netcdf requires static input file.'
1450	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0465', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1451	ENDIF
1452
1453	IF ( soil_type == 0 .AND. .NOT. input_pids_static ) THEN
1454
1455	IF ( alpha_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1456	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1457	'requires setting of alpha_vangenuchten'// &
1458	'/= 9999999.9'
1459	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1460	ENDIF
1461
1462	IF ( l_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1463	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1464	'requires setting of l_vangenuchten'// &
1465	'/= 9999999.9'
1466	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1467	ENDIF
1468
1469	IF ( n_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1470	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1471	'requires setting of n_vangenuchten'// &
1472	'/= 9999999.9'
1473	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1474	ENDIF
1475
1476	IF ( hydraulic_conductivity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1477	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1478	'requires setting of hydraulic_conductivity'// &
1479	'/= 9999999.9'
1480	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1481	ENDIF
1482
1483	IF ( saturation_moisture == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1484	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1485	'requires setting of saturation_moisture'// &
1486	'/= 9999999.9'
1487	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1488	ENDIF
1489
1490	IF ( field_capacity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1491	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1492	'requires setting of field_capacity'// &
1493	'/= 9999999.9'
1494	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1495	ENDIF
1496
1497	IF ( wilting_point == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1498	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1499	'requires setting of wilting_point'// &
1500	'/= 9999999.9'
1501	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1502	ENDIF
1503
1504	IF ( residual_moisture == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1505	message_string = 'soil_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1506	'requires setting of residual_moisture'// &
1507	'/= 9999999.9'
1508	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0403', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1509	ENDIF
1510
1511	ENDIF
1512
1513	!
1514	!-- Determine number of soil layers to be used and check whether an appropriate
1515	!-- root fraction is prescribed
1516	nzb_soil = 0
1517	nzt_soil = -1
1518	IF ( ALL( dz_soil == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
1519	nzt_soil = 7
1520	dz_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) = dz_soil_default
1521	ELSE
1522	DO k = 0, 19
1523	IF ( dz_soil(k) /= 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1524	nzt_soil = nzt_soil + 1
1525	ENDIF
1526	ENDDO
1527	ENDIF
1528	nzs = nzt_soil + 1
1529
1530	!
1531	!-- Check whether valid soil temperatures are prescribed. Only check this if
1532	!-- no dynamic soil is not initialized with dynamic input.
1533	!-- In a nested case, check whether there is a dynamic input file for the
1534	!-- child (input_pids_dynamic = .T.) or one for the parent (inquire without
1535	!-- coupling_char.
1536	INQUIRE( FILE = TRIM( input_file_dynamic ), &
1537	EXIST = dynamic_soil_input_parent )
1538
1539	IF ( .NOT. input_pids_dynamic .AND. .NOT. dynamic_soil_input_parent ) THEN
1540	IF ( COUNT( soil_temperature /= 9999999.9_wp ) /= nzs ) THEN
1541	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
1542	'number of soil layers (', nzs, ') does not',&
1543	' match to the number of layers specified', &
1544	' in soil_temperature (', COUNT( &
1545	soil_temperature /= 9999999.9_wp ), ')'
1546	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0471', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1547	ENDIF
1548
1549	IF ( deep_soil_temperature == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1550	message_string = 'deep_soil_temperature is not set but must be'// &
1551	'/= 9999999.9'
1552	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0472', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1553	ENDIF
1554	ENDIF
1555
1556	!
1557	!-- Check whether the sum of all root fractions equals one
1558	IF ( .NOT. vegetation_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1559	IF ( vegetation_type == 0 ) THEN
1560	IF ( SUM( root_fraction(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) ) /= 1.0_wp ) THEN
1561	message_string = 'vegetation_type = 0 (user_defined)'// &
1562	'requires setting of root_fraction'// &
1563	'/= 9999999.9 and SUM(root_fraction) = 1'
1564	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0401', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1565	ENDIF
1566	ENDIF
1567	ENDIF
1568	!
1569	!-- Calculate grid spacings. Temperature and moisture are defined at
1570	!-- the center of the soil layers, whereas gradients/fluxes are
1571	!-- defined at the edges (_layer)
1572	!
1573	!-- Allocate global 1D arrays
1574	ALLOCATE ( ddz_soil_center(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) )
1575	ALLOCATE ( ddz_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1) )
1576	ALLOCATE ( dz_soil_center(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) )
1577	ALLOCATE ( zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1) )
1578
1579
1580	zs(nzb_soil) = 0.5_wp * dz_soil(nzb_soil)
1581	zs_layer(nzb_soil) = dz_soil(nzb_soil)
1582
1583	DO k = nzb_soil+1, nzt_soil
1584	zs_layer(k) = zs_layer(k-1) + dz_soil(k)
1585	zs(k) = (zs_layer(k) + zs_layer(k-1)) * 0.5_wp
1586	ENDDO
1587
1588	dz_soil(nzt_soil+1) = zs_layer(nzt_soil) + dz_soil(nzt_soil)
1589	zs(nzt_soil+1) = zs_layer(nzt_soil) + 0.5_wp * dz_soil(nzt_soil)
1590
1591	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil-1
1592	dz_soil_center(k) = zs(k+1) - zs(k)
1593	IF ( dz_soil_center(k) <= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1594	message_string = 'invalid soil layer configuration found ' // &
1595	'(dz_soil_center(k) <= 0.0)'
1596	CALL message( 'lsm_check_parameters', 'PA0140', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1597	ENDIF
1598	ENDDO
1599
1600	dz_soil_center(nzt_soil) = zs_layer(k-1) + dz_soil(k) - zs(nzt_soil)
1601
1602	ddz_soil_center = 1.0_wp / dz_soil_center
1603	ddz_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) = 1.0_wp / dz_soil(nzb_soil:nzt_soil)
1604
1605	END SUBROUTINE lsm_check_parameters
1606
1607	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1608	! Description:
1609	! ------------
1610	!> Calls energy balance solver and soil energy model the surfaces in all directions.
1611	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1612	SUBROUTINE lsm_energy_balance ( during_spinup )
1613
1614	USE control_parameters, &
1615	ONLY: calc_soil_moisture_during_spinup
1616
1617	LOGICAL :: during_spinup !< flag indicating soil/wall spinup phase
1618	LOGICAL :: calc_sm
1619	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop index for surface types
1620
1621	calc_sm = .NOT. during_spinup .OR. calc_soil_moisture_during_spinup
1622	!
1623	!-- Call for horizontal surfaces
1624	DO l = 0, 1
1625	CALL lsm_surface_energy_balance( .TRUE., l )
1626	CALL lsm_soil_model( .TRUE., l, calc_sm )
1627	ENDDO
1628	!
1629	!-- Call for vertical surfaces
1630	DO l = 0, 3
1631	CALL lsm_surface_energy_balance( .FALSE., l )
1632	CALL lsm_soil_model( .FALSE., l, calc_sm )
1633	ENDDO
1634
1635	END SUBROUTINE lsm_energy_balance
1636
1637	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1638	! Description:
1639	! ------------
1640	!> Solver for the energy balance at the surface.
1641	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1642	SUBROUTINE lsm_surface_energy_balance( horizontal, l )
1643
1644	USE pegrid
1645	USE radiation_model_mod, ONLY: rad_lw_out
1646
1647	IMPLICIT NONE
1648
1649	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
1650	INTEGER(iwp) :: i_off !< offset to determine index of surface element, seen from atmospheric grid point, for x
1651	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
1652	INTEGER(iwp) :: j_off !< offset to determine index of surface element, seen from atmospheric grid point, for y
1653	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
1654	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_off !< offset to determine index of surface element, seen from atmospheric grid point, for z
1655	INTEGER(iwp) :: ks !< running index
1656	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< surface-facing index
1657	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index concerning wall elements
1658
1659	LOGICAL :: horizontal !< Flag indicating horizontal or vertical surfaces
1660	LOGICAL :: upward !< Flag indicating upward horizontal surfaces
1661
1662	REAL(wp) :: c_surface_tmp, & !< temporary variable for storing the volumetric heat capacity of the surface
1663	f1, & !< resistance correction term 1
1664	f2, & !< resistance correction term 2
1665	f3, & !< resistance correction term 3
1666	m_min, & !< minimum soil moisture
1667	e, & !< water vapour pressure
1668	e_s, & !< water vapour saturation pressure
1669	e_s_dt, & !< derivate of e_s with respect to T
1670	tend, & !< tendency
1671	dq_s_dt, & !< derivate of q_s with respect to T
1672	coef_1, & !< coef. for prognostic equation
1673	coef_2, & !< coef. for prognostic equation
1674	f_qsws, & !< factor for qsws
1675	f_qsws_veg, & !< factor for qsws_veg
1676	f_qsws_soil, & !< factor for qsws_soil
1677	f_qsws_liq, & !< factor for qsws_liq
1678	f_shf, & !< factor for shf
1679	lambda_soil, & !< Thermal conductivity of the uppermost soil layer (W/m2/K)
1680	lambda_surface, & !< Current value of lambda_surface (W/m2/K)
1681	m_liq_max, & !< maxmimum value of the liq. water reservoir
1682	ueff !< limited near-surface wind speed - used for calculation of resistance
1683
1684	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_t_surface
1685	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_t_surface_p
1686	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_tt_surface_m
1687	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_m_liq
1688	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_m_liq_p
1689	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_tm_liq_m
1690
1691	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_m_soil
1692	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_t_soil
1693
1694	TYPE(surf_type), POINTER :: surf !< surface-date type variable
1695
1696
1697	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) THEN
1698	WRITE( debug_string, * ) 'lsm_surface_energy_balance', horizontal, l
1699	CALL debug_message( debug_string, 'start' )
1700	ENDIF
1701
1702	upward = .FALSE.
1703	IF ( horizontal ) THEN
1704	surf => surf_lsm_h(l)
1705	surf_t_surface => t_surface_h(l)
1706	surf_t_surface_p => t_surface_h_p(l)
1707	surf_tt_surface_m => tt_surface_h_m(l)
1708	surf_m_liq => m_liq_h(l)
1709	surf_m_liq_p => m_liq_h_p(l)
1710	surf_tm_liq_m => tm_liq_h_m(l)
1711	surf_m_soil => m_soil_h(l)
1712	surf_t_soil => t_soil_h(l)
1713	IF ( l == 0 ) upward = .TRUE.
1714	ELSE
1715	surf => surf_lsm_v(l)
1716	surf_t_surface => t_surface_v(l)
1717	surf_t_surface_p => t_surface_v_p(l)
1718	surf_tt_surface_m => tt_surface_v_m(l)
1719	surf_m_liq => m_liq_v(l)
1720	surf_m_liq_p => m_liq_v_p(l)
1721	surf_tm_liq_m => tm_liq_v_m(l)
1722	surf_m_soil => m_soil_v(l)
1723	surf_t_soil => t_soil_v(l)
1724	ENDIF
1725
1726	!
1727	!-- Index offset of surface element point with respect to adjoining
1728	!-- atmospheric grid point
1729	k_off = surf%koff
1730	j_off = surf%joff
1731	i_off = surf%ioff
1732
1733	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (m, i, j, k, lambda_h_sat, ke, lambda_soil, lambda_surface, &
1734	!$OMP& c_surface_tmp, f1,m_total, f2, e_s, e, f3, m_min, m_liq_max, q_s, &
1735	!$OMP& f_qsws_veg, f_qsws_soil, f_qsws_liq, f_shf, f_qsws, e_s_dt, dq_s_dt, &
1736	!$OMP& coef_1, coef_2, tend)
1737	!$OMP DO SCHEDULE (STATIC)
1738	DO m = 1, surf%ns
1739
1740	i = surf%i(m)
1741	j = surf%j(m)
1742	k = surf%k(m)
1743
1744	!
1745	!-- Define heat conductivity between surface and soil depending on surface
1746	!-- type. For vegetation, a skin layer parameterization is used. The new
1747	!-- parameterization uses a combination of two conductivities: a constant
1748	!-- conductivity for the skin layer, and a conductivity according to the
1749	!-- uppermost soil layer. For bare soil and pavements, no skin layer is
1750	!-- applied. In these cases, the temperature is assumed to be constant
1751	!-- between the surface and the first soil layer. The heat conductivity is
1752	!-- then derived from the soil/pavement properties.
1753	!-- For water surfaces, the conductivity is already set to 1E10.
1754	!-- Moreover, the heat capacity is set. For bare soil the heat capacity is
1755	!-- the capacity of the uppermost soil layer, for pavement it is that of
1756	!-- the material involved.
1757
1758	!
1759	!-- for vegetation type surfaces, the thermal conductivity of the soil is
1760	!-- needed
1761
1762	IF ( surf%vegetation_surface(m) ) THEN
1763
1764	lambda_h_sat = lambda_h_sm*(1.0_wp - surf%m_sat(nzb_soil,m)) &
1765	lambda_h_water ** surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m)
1766
1767	ke = 1.0_wp + LOG10( MAX( 0.1_wp, surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) / &
1768	surf%m_sat(nzb_soil,m) ) )
1769
1770	lambda_soil = (ke * (lambda_h_sat - lambda_h_dry) + lambda_h_dry ) &
1771	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) * 2.0_wp
1772
1773	!
1774	!-- When bare soil is set without a thermal conductivity (no skin layer),
1775	!-- a heat capacity is that of the soil layer, otherwise it is a
1776	!-- combination of the conductivities from the skin and the soil layer
1777	IF ( surf%lambda_surface_s(m) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
1778	surf%c_surface(m) = (rho_c_soil * (1.0_wp - surf%m_sat(nzb_soil,m))&
1779	+ rho_c_water * surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) ) &
1780	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) * 0.5_wp
1781	lambda_surface = lambda_soil
1782
1783	ELSE IF ( surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) >= surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m))&
1784	THEN
1785	lambda_surface = surf%lambda_surface_s(m) * lambda_soil &
1786	/ ( surf%lambda_surface_s(m) + lambda_soil )
1787	ELSE
1788
1789	lambda_surface = surf%lambda_surface_u(m) * lambda_soil &
1790	/ ( surf%lambda_surface_u(m) + lambda_soil )
1791	ENDIF
1792	ELSE
1793	lambda_surface = surf%lambda_surface_s(m)
1794	ENDIF
1795
1796	!
1797	!-- Set heat capacity of the skin/surface. It is ususally zero when a skin
1798	!-- layer is used, and non-zero otherwise.
1799	c_surface_tmp = surf%c_surface(m)
1800
1801	!
1802	!-- First step: calculate aerodyamic resistance. As pt, us, ts
1803	!-- are not available for the prognostic time step, data from the last
1804	!-- time step is used here. Note that this formulation is the
1805	!-- equivalent to the ECMWF formulation using drag coefficients
1806	! IF ( bulk_cloud_model ) THEN
1807	! pt1 = pt(k,j,i) + lv_d_cp * d_exner(k) * ql(k,j,i)
1808	! qv1 = q(k,j,i) - ql(k,j,i)
1809	! ELSEIF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
1810	! pt1 = pt(k,j,i) + lv_d_cp * d_exner(k) * ql(k,j,i)
1811	! qv1 = q(k,j,i)
1812	! ELSE
1813	! pt1 = pt(k,j,i)
1814	! IF ( humidity ) THEN
1815	! qv1 = q(k,j,i)
1816	! ELSE
1817	! qv1 = 0.0_wp
1818	! ENDIF
1819	! ENDIF
1820	!
1821	!-- Calculation of r_a for vertical and horizontal downward surfaces
1822	!--
1823	!-- heat transfer coefficient for forced convection along vertical walls
1824	!-- follows formulation in TUF3d model (Krayenhoff & Voogt, 2006)
1825	!--
1826	!-- H = httc (Tsfc - Tair)
1827	!-- httc = rw * (11.8 + 4.2 * Ueff) - 4.0
1828	!--
1829	!-- rw: wall patch roughness relative to 1.0 for concrete
1830	!-- Ueff: effective wind speed
1831	!-- - 4.0 is a reduction of Rowley et al (1930) formulation based on
1832	!-- Cole and Sturrock (1977)
1833	!--
1834	!-- Ucan: Canyon wind speed
1835	!-- wstar: convective velocity
1836	!-- Qs: surface heat flux
1837	!-- zH: height of the convective layer
1838	!-- wstar = (g/TcanQszH)**(1./3.)
1839
1840	!-- Effective velocity components must always
1841	!-- be defined at scalar grid point. The wall normal component is
1842	!-- obtained by simple linear interpolation. ( An alternative would
1843	!-- be an logarithmic interpolation. )
1844	!-- A roughness lenght of 0.001 is assumed for concrete (the inverse,
1845	!-- 1000 is used in the nominator for scaling)
1846	!-- To do: detailed investigation which approach gives more reliable results!
1847	!-- Please note, in case of very small friction velocity, e.g. in little
1848	!-- holes, the resistance can become negative. For this reason, limit r_a
1849	!-- to positive values.
1850	IF ( upward .OR. .NOT. aero_resist_kray ) THEN
1851	surf%r_a(m) = ABS( ( surf%pt1(m) - surf%pt_surface(m) ) / &
1852	( surf%ts(m) * surf%us(m) + 1.0E-20_wp ) )
1853	ELSE
1854	!
1855	!-- Limit wind velocity in order to avoid division by zero.
1856	!-- The nominator can become <= 0.0 for values z0 < 3*10E-4.
1857	ueff = MAX( SQRT( ( ( u(k,j,i) + u(k,j,i+1) ) * 0.5_wp )**2 + &
1858	( ( v(k,j,i) + v(k,j+1,i) ) * 0.5_wp )**2 + &
1859	( ( w(k,j,i) + w(k-1,j,i) ) * 0.5_wp )**2 ), &
1860	1.0_wp / 4.2_wp * ( 4.0_wp / ( surf%z0(m) * 1000.0_wp ) - 11.8_wp ), &
1861	0.1_wp &
1862	)
1863	surf%r_a(m) = rho_cp / ( surf%z0(m) * 1000.0_wp &
1864	* ( 11.8_wp + 4.2_wp * ueff ) - 4.0_wp )
1865	ENDIF
1866	!
1867	!-- Make sure that the resistance does not drop to zero for neutral
1868	!-- stratification. Also, set a maximum resistance to avoid the breakdown of
1869	!-- MOST for locations with zero wind speed
1870	IF ( surf%r_a(m) < 1.0_wp ) surf%r_a(m) = 1.0_wp
1871	IF ( surf%r_a(m) > 300.0_wp ) surf%r_a(m) = 300.0_wp
1872	!
1873	!-- Second step: calculate canopy resistance r_canopy
1874	!-- f1-f3 here are defined as 1/f1-f3 as in ECMWF documentation
1875
1876	!-- f1: correction for incoming shortwave radiation (stomata close at
1877	!-- night)
1878	f1 = MIN( 1.0_wp, ( 0.004_wp * surf%rad_sw_in(m) + 0.05_wp ) / &
1879	(0.81_wp * (0.004_wp * surf%rad_sw_in(m) &
1880	+ 1.0_wp)) )
1881
1882	!
1883	!-- f2: correction for soil moisture availability to plants (the
1884	!-- integrated soil moisture must thus be considered here)
1885	!-- f2 = 0 for very dry soils
1886	m_total = 0.0_wp
1887	DO ks = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
1888	m_total = m_total + surf%root_fr(ks,m) &
1889	* MAX( surf_m_soil%var_2d(ks,m), surf%m_wilt(ks,m) )
1890	ENDDO
1891
1892	!
1893	!-- The calculation of f2 is based on only one wilting point value for all
1894	!-- soil layers. The value at k=nzb_soil is used here as a proxy but might
1895	!-- need refinement in the future.
1896	IF ( m_total > surf%m_wilt(nzb_soil,m) .AND. &
1897	m_total < surf%m_fc(nzb_soil,m) ) THEN
1898	f2 = ( m_total - surf%m_wilt(nzb_soil,m) ) / &
1899	( surf%m_fc(nzb_soil,m) - surf%m_wilt(nzb_soil,m) )
1900	ELSEIF ( m_total >= surf%m_fc(nzb_soil,m) ) THEN
1901	f2 = 1.0_wp
1902	ELSE
1903	f2 = 1.0E-20_wp
1904	ENDIF
1905
1906	!
1907	!-- Calculate water vapour pressure at saturation and convert to hPa
1908	!-- The magnus formula is limited to temperatures up to 333.15 K to
1909	!-- avoid negative values of q_s
1910	e_s = 0.01_wp * magnus( MIN(surf_t_surface%var_1d(m), 333.15_wp) )
1911
1912	!
1913	!-- f3: correction for vapour pressure deficit
1914	IF ( surf%g_d(m) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1915	!
1916	!-- Calculate vapour pressure
1917	e = surf%qv1(m) * surface_pressure / ( surf%qv1(m) + rd_d_rv )
1918	f3 = EXP ( - surf%g_d(m) * (e_s - e) )
1919	ELSE
1920	f3 = 1.0_wp
1921	ENDIF
1922	!
1923	!-- Calculate canopy resistance. In case that c_veg is 0 (bare soils),
1924	!-- this calculation is obsolete, as r_canopy is not used below.
1925	!-- To do: check for very dry soil -> r_canopy goes to infinity
1926	surf%r_canopy(m) = surf%r_canopy_min(m) / &
1927	( surf%lai(m) * f1 * f2 * f3 + 1.0E-20_wp )
1928	!
1929	!-- Third step: calculate bare soil resistance r_soil.
1930	m_min = surf%c_veg(m) * surf%m_wilt(nzb_soil,m) + &
1931	( 1.0_wp - surf%c_veg(m) ) * surf%m_res(nzb_soil,m)
1932
1933
1934	f2 = ( surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) - m_min ) / &
1935	( surf%m_fc(nzb_soil,m) - m_min )
1936	f2 = MAX( f2, 1.0E-20_wp )
1937	f2 = MIN( f2, 1.0_wp )
1938
1939	surf%r_soil(m) = surf%r_soil_min(m) / f2
1940
1941	!
1942	!-- Calculate the maximum possible liquid water amount on plants and
1943	!-- bare surface. For vegetated surfaces, a maximum depth of 0.2 mm is
1944	!-- assumed, while paved surfaces might hold up 1 mm of water. The
1945	!-- liquid water fraction for paved surfaces is calculated after
1946	!-- Masson (2000) (TEB model) and originates from Noilhan & Planton (1989),
1947	!-- while the ECMWF formulation is used for vegetated surfaces and bare soils.
1948	IF ( surf%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
1949	m_liq_max = m_max_depth * 5.0_wp
1950	surf%c_liq(m) = MIN( 1.0_wp, ( surf_m_liq%var_1d(m) / m_liq_max)**0.67 )
1951	ELSE
1952	m_liq_max = m_max_depth * ( surf%c_veg(m) * surf%lai(m) &
1953	+ ( 1.0_wp - surf%c_veg(m) ) )
1954	surf%c_liq(m) = MIN( 1.0_wp, surf_m_liq%var_1d(m) / m_liq_max )
1955	ENDIF
1956	!
1957	!-- Calculate saturation water vapor mixing ratio
1958	q_s = rd_d_rv * e_s / ( surface_pressure - e_s )
1959	!
1960	!-- In case of dewfall, set evapotranspiration to zero
1961	!-- All super-saturated water is then removed from the air
1962	IF ( humidity .AND. q_s <= surf%qv1(m) ) THEN
1963	surf%r_canopy(m) = 0.0_wp
1964	surf%r_soil(m) = 0.0_wp
1965	ENDIF
1966
1967	!
1968	!-- Calculate coefficients for the total evapotranspiration
1969	!-- In case of water surface, set vegetation and soil fluxes to zero.
1970	!-- For pavements, only evaporation of liquid water is possible.
1971	IF ( surf%water_surface(m) ) THEN
1972	f_qsws_veg = 0.0_wp
1973	f_qsws_soil = 0.0_wp
1974	f_qsws_liq = rho_lv / surf%r_a(m)
1975	ELSEIF ( surf%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
1976	f_qsws_veg = 0.0_wp
1977	f_qsws_soil = 0.0_wp
1978	f_qsws_liq = rho_lv * surf%c_liq(m) / surf%r_a(m)
1979	ELSE
1980	f_qsws_veg = rho_lv * surf%c_veg(m) * &
1981	( 1.0_wp - surf%c_liq(m) ) / &
1982	( surf%r_a(m) + surf%r_canopy(m) )
1983	f_qsws_soil = rho_lv * (1.0_wp - surf%c_veg(m) ) &
1984	* (1.0_wp - surf%c_liq(m) ) / &
1985	( surf%r_a(m) + surf%r_soil(m) )
1986	f_qsws_liq = rho_lv * surf%c_liq(m) / surf%r_a(m)
1987	ENDIF
1988
1989	f_shf = rho_cp / surf%r_a(m)
1990	f_qsws = f_qsws_veg + f_qsws_soil + f_qsws_liq
1991	!
1992	!-- Calculate derivative of q_s for Taylor series expansion
1993	e_s_dt = e_s * ( 17.62_wp / ( surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - 29.65_wp) - &
1994	17.62_wp*( surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - 273.15_wp) &
1995	/ ( surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - 29.65_wp)**2 )
1996
1997	dq_s_dt = rd_d_rv * e_s_dt / ( surface_pressure - e_s_dt )
1998	!
1999	!-- Calculate net radiation radiation without longwave outgoing flux because
2000	!-- it has a dependency on surface temperature and thus enters the prognostic
2001	!-- equations directly
2002	surf%rad_net_l(m) = surf%rad_sw_in(m) - surf%rad_sw_out(m) &
2003	+ surf%rad_lw_in(m)
2004	!
2005	!-- Calculate new skin temperature
2006	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2007	!
2008	!-- Numerator of the prognostic equation
2009	coef_1 = surf%rad_net_l(m) + surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) &
2010	* surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - surf%rad_lw_out(m) &
2011	+ f_shf * surf%pt1(m) + f_qsws * ( surf%qv1(m) - q_s &
2012	+ dq_s_dt * surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) ) + lambda_surface &
2013	* surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m)
2014
2015	!
2016	!-- Denominator of the prognostic equation
2017	coef_2 = surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) + f_qsws * dq_s_dt &
2018	+ lambda_surface + f_shf / exner(nzb)
2019	ELSE
2020	!
2021	!-- Numerator of the prognostic equation
2022	coef_1 = surf%rad_net_l(m) + surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) &
2023	* surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - surf%rad_lw_out(m) &
2024	+ f_shf * surf%pt1(m) + lambda_surface &
2025	* surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m)
2026	!
2027	!-- Denominator of the prognostic equation
2028	coef_2 = surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) + lambda_surface + f_shf / exner(nzb)
2029
2030	ENDIF
2031
2032	tend = 0.0_wp
2033
2034	!
2035	!-- Implicit solution when the surface layer has no heat capacity,
2036	!-- otherwise use RK3 scheme.
2037	surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) = ( coef_1 * dt_3d * tsc(2) + c_surface_tmp *&
2038	surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) ) / ( c_surface_tmp + coef_2&
2039	* dt_3d * tsc(2) )
2040
2041	!
2042	!-- Add RK3 term
2043	IF ( c_surface_tmp /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
2044
2045	surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) = surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) + dt_3d * &
2046	tsc(3) * surf_tt_surface_m%var_1d(m)
2047
2048	!
2049	!-- Calculate true tendency
2050	tend = ( surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) - surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - &
2051	dt_3d * tsc(3) * surf_tt_surface_m%var_1d(m)) / (dt_3d * tsc(2))
2052	!
2053	!-- Calculate t_surface tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step
2054	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
2055	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
2056	surf_tt_surface_m%var_1d(m) = tend
2057	ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < &
2058	intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
2059	surf_tt_surface_m%var_1d(m) = -9.5625_wp * tend + &
2060	5.3125_wp * surf_tt_surface_m%var_1d(m)
2061	ENDIF
2062	ENDIF
2063	ENDIF
2064
2065	!
2066	!-- In case of fast changes in the skin temperature, it is possible to
2067	!-- update the radiative fluxes independently from the prescribed
2068	!-- radiation call frequency. This effectively prevents oscillations,
2069	!-- especially when setting skip_time_do_radiation /= 0. The threshold
2070	!-- value of 0.2 used here is just a first guess. This method should be
2071	!-- revised in the future as tests have shown that the threshold is
2072	!-- often reached, when no oscillations would occur (causes immense
2073	!-- computing time for the radiation code).
2074	IF ( ABS( surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) - surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) ) &
2075	> 0.2_wp .AND. &
2076	unscheduled_radiation_calls ) THEN
2077	force_radiation_call_l = .TRUE.
2078	ENDIF
2079
2080	surf%pt_surface(m) = surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) / exner(nzb)
2081
2082	!
2083	!-- Calculate fluxes
2084	surf%rad_net_l(m) = surf%rad_net_l(m) + &
2085	surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) &
2086	* surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - surf%rad_lw_out(m) &
2087	- surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) * surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m)
2088
2089	surf%rad_net(m) = surf%rad_net_l(m)
2090	surf%rad_lw_out(m) = surf%rad_lw_out(m) + surf%rad_lw_out_change_0(m) * &
2091	( surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) - surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) )
2092
2093	surf%ghf(m) = lambda_surface * ( surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) &
2094	- surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) )
2095
2096	surf%shf(m) = - f_shf * ( surf%pt1(m) - surf%pt_surface(m) ) / c_p
2097	!
2098	! update the 3d field of rad_lw_out array to have consistent output
2099	IF ( upward ) THEN
2100	IF ( radiation_scheme == 'rrtmg' ) THEN
2101	rad_lw_out(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off) = surf%rad_lw_out(m)
2102	ELSE
2103	rad_lw_out(0,j+j_off,i+i_off) = surf%rad_lw_out(m)
2104	ENDIF
2105	ENDIF
2106
2107	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2108	surf%qsws(m) = - f_qsws * ( surf%qv1(m) - q_s + dq_s_dt &
2109	* surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - dq_s_dt * &
2110	surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) )
2111
2112	surf%qsws_veg(m) = - f_qsws_veg * ( surf%qv1(m) - q_s &
2113	+ dq_s_dt * surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - dq_s_dt &
2114	* surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) )
2115
2116	surf%qsws_soil(m) = - f_qsws_soil * ( surf%qv1(m) - q_s &
2117	+ dq_s_dt * surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - dq_s_dt &
2118	* surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) )
2119
2120	surf%qsws_liq(m) = - f_qsws_liq * ( surf%qv1(m) - q_s &
2121	+ dq_s_dt * surf_t_surface%var_1d(m) - dq_s_dt &
2122	* surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m) )
2123	ENDIF
2124
2125	!
2126	!-- Calculate the true surface resistance. ABS is used here to avoid negative
2127	!-- values that can occur for very small fluxes due to the artifical addition
2128	!-- of 1.0E-20.
2129	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
2130	surf%r_s(m) = 1.0E10_wp
2131	ELSE
2132	surf%r_s(m) = ABS(rho_lv / (f_qsws + 1.0E-20_wp) - surf%r_a(m))
2133	ENDIF
2134	!
2135	!-- Calculate change in liquid water reservoir due to dew fall or
2136	!-- evaporation of liquid water
2137	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2138	!
2139	!-- If precipitation is activated, add rain water to qsws_liq
2140	!-- and qsws_soil according the the vegetation coverage.
2141	!-- precipitation_rate is given in mm.
2142	IF ( precipitation ) THEN
2143
2144	!
2145	!-- Add precipitation to liquid water reservoir, if possible.
2146	!-- Otherwise, add the water to soil. In case of
2147	!-- pavements, the exceeding water amount is explicitly removed
2148	!-- (as fictive runoff by drainage systems)
2149	IF ( surf%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
2150	IF ( surf_m_liq%var_1d(m) < m_liq_max ) THEN
2151	surf%qsws_liq(m) = surf%qsws_liq(m) &
2152	+ prr(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off) &
2153	* hyrho(k+k_off) &
2154	* 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v
2155	ENDIF
2156	ELSE
2157	IF ( surf_m_liq%var_1d(m) < m_liq_max ) THEN
2158	surf%qsws_liq(m) = surf%qsws_liq(m) &
2159	+ surf%c_veg(m) * prr(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off)&
2160	* hyrho(k+k_off) &
2161	* 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v
2162	surf%qsws_soil(m) = surf%qsws_soil(m) + ( 1.0_wp - &
2163	surf%c_veg(m) ) * prr(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off)&
2164	* hyrho(k+k_off) &
2165	* 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v
2166	ELSE
2167
2168	!-- Add precipitation to bare soil according to the bare soil
2169	!-- coverage.
2170	surf%qsws_soil(m) = surf%qsws_soil(m) &
2171	+ surf%c_veg(m) * prr(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off)&
2172	* hyrho(k+k_off) &
2173	* 0.001_wp * rho_l * l_v
2174
2175	ENDIF
2176	ENDIF
2177
2178	ENDIF
2179
2180	!
2181	!-- If the air is saturated, check the reservoir water level
2182	IF ( surf%qsws(m) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
2183	!
2184	!-- Check if reservoir is full (avoid values > m_liq_max)
2185	!-- In that case, qsws_liq goes to qsws_soil for pervious surfaces. In
2186	!-- this case qsws_veg is zero anyway (because c_liq = 1),
2187	!-- so that tend is zero and no further check is needed
2188	IF ( surf_m_liq%var_1d(m) == m_liq_max ) THEN
2189	IF ( .NOT. surf%pavement_surface(m)) THEN
2190	surf%qsws_soil(m) = surf%qsws_soil(m) + surf%qsws_liq(m)
2191	ENDIF
2192	surf%qsws_liq(m) = 0.0_wp
2193	ENDIF
2194
2195	!
2196	!-- In case qsws_veg becomes negative (unphysical behavior),
2197	!-- let the water enter the liquid water reservoir as dew on the
2198	!-- plant
2199	IF ( surf%qsws_veg(m) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
2200	surf%qsws_liq(m) = surf%qsws_liq(m) + surf%qsws_veg(m)
2201	surf%qsws_veg(m) = 0.0_wp
2202	ENDIF
2203	ENDIF
2204
2205	surf%qsws(m) = surf%qsws(m) / l_v
2206
2207	tend = - surf%qsws_liq(m) * drho_l_lv
2208	surf_m_liq_p%var_1d(m) = surf_m_liq%var_1d(m) + dt_3d * &
2209	( tsc(2) * tend + &
2210	tsc(3) * surf_tm_liq_m%var_1d(m) )
2211	!
2212	!-- Check if reservoir is overfull -> reduce to maximum
2213	!-- (conservation of water is violated here)
2214	surf_m_liq_p%var_1d(m) = MIN( surf_m_liq_p%var_1d(m),m_liq_max )
2215
2216	!
2217	!-- Check if reservoir is empty (avoid values < 0.0)
2218	!-- (conservation of water is violated here)
2219	surf_m_liq_p%var_1d(m) = MAX( surf_m_liq_p%var_1d(m), 0.0_wp )
2220	!
2221	!-- Calculate m_liq tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step
2222	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
2223	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
2224	surf_tm_liq_m%var_1d(m) = tend
2225	ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < &
2226	intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
2227	surf_tm_liq_m%var_1d(m) = -9.5625_wp * tend + &
2228	5.3125_wp * surf_tm_liq_m%var_1d(m)
2229	ENDIF
2230	ENDIF
2231
2232	ENDIF
2233
2234	ENDDO
2235	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2236
2237	!
2238	!-- Make a logical OR for all processes. Force radiation call if at
2239	!-- least one processor reached the threshold change in skin temperature
2240	IF ( unscheduled_radiation_calls .AND. intermediate_timestep_count &
2241	== intermediate_timestep_count_max-1 ) THEN
2242	#if defined( __parallel )
2243	IF ( .NOT. force_radiation_call ) THEN
2244	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2245	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( force_radiation_call_l, force_radiation_call, &
2246	1, MPI_LOGICAL, MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr )
2247	ENDIF
2248	#else
2249	force_radiation_call = force_radiation_call .OR. force_radiation_call_l
2250	#endif
2251	force_radiation_call_l = .FALSE.
2252	ENDIF
2253
2254	!
2255	!-- Calculate surface water vapor mixing ratio
2256	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2257	CALL calc_q_surface
2258	ENDIF
2259	!
2260	!-- Calculate new roughness lengths (for water surfaces only)
2261	IF ( upward .AND. .NOT. constant_roughness ) CALL calc_z0_water_surface
2262
2263	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) THEN
2264	WRITE( debug_string, * ) 'lsm_surface_energy_balance', horizontal, l
2265	CALL debug_message( debug_string, 'end' )
2266	ENDIF
2267
2268	CONTAINS
2269	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2270	! Description:
2271	! ------------
2272	!> Calculation of mixing ratio of the skin layer (surface). It is assumend
2273	!> that the skin is always saturated.
2274	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2275	SUBROUTINE calc_q_surface
2276
2277	IMPLICIT NONE
2278
2279	REAL(wp) :: e_s !< saturation water vapor pressure
2280	REAL(wp) :: q_s !< saturation mixing ratio
2281	REAL(wp) :: resistance !< aerodynamic and soil resistance term
2282
2283
2284	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (m, i, j, k, e_s, q_s, resistance)
2285	!$OMP DO SCHEDULE (STATIC)
2286	DO m = 1, surf%ns
2287
2288	i = surf%i(m)
2289	j = surf%j(m)
2290	k = surf%k(m)
2291	!
2292	!-- Calculate water vapour pressure at saturation and convert to hPa
2293	e_s = 0.01_wp * magnus( MIN(surf_t_surface_p%var_1d(m), 333.15_wp) )
2294
2295	!
2296	!-- Calculate mixing ratio at saturation
2297	q_s = rd_d_rv * e_s / ( surface_pressure - e_s )
2298
2299	resistance = surf%r_a(m) / ( surf%r_a(m) + surf%r_s(m) + 1E-5_wp )
2300
2301	!
2302	!-- Calculate mixing ratio at surface
2303	IF ( bulk_cloud_model ) THEN
2304	q(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off) = resistance * q_s + &
2305	( 1.0_wp - resistance ) * &
2306	( q(k,j,i) - ql(k,j,i) )
2307	ELSE
2308	q(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off) = resistance * q_s + &
2309	( 1.0_wp - resistance ) * &
2310	q(k,j,i)
2311	ENDIF
2312
2313	surf%q_surface(m) = q(k+k_off,j+j_off,i+i_off)
2314	!
2315	!-- Update virtual potential temperature
2316	surf%vpt_surface(m) = surf%pt_surface(m) * &
2317	( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * surf%q_surface(m) )
2318
2319
2320
2321	ENDDO
2322	!$OMP END PARALLEL
2323
2324	END SUBROUTINE calc_q_surface
2325
2326	END SUBROUTINE lsm_surface_energy_balance
2327
2328
2329
2330	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2331	! Description:
2332	! ------------
2333	!> Header output for land surface model
2334	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2335	SUBROUTINE lsm_header ( io )
2336
2337
2338	IMPLICIT NONE
2339
2340	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: t_soil_chr !< String for soil temperature profile
2341	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: roots_chr !< String for root profile
2342	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: vertical_index_chr !< String for the vertical index
2343	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: m_soil_chr !< String for soil moisture
2344	CHARACTER (LEN=86) :: soil_depth_chr !< String for soil depth
2345	CHARACTER (LEN=20) :: coor_chr !< Temporary string
2346
2347	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< Loop index over soil layers
2348
2349	INTEGER(iwp), INTENT(IN) :: io !< Unit of the output file
2350
2351	t_soil_chr = ''
2352	m_soil_chr = ''
2353	soil_depth_chr = ''
2354	roots_chr = ''
2355	vertical_index_chr = ''
2356
2357	i = 1
2358	DO i = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
2359	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F10.2,7X)') soil_temperature(i)
2360	t_soil_chr = TRIM( t_soil_chr ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
2361
2362	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F10.2,7X)') soil_moisture(i)
2363	m_soil_chr = TRIM( m_soil_chr ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
2364
2365	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F10.2,7X)') - zs(i)
2366	soil_depth_chr = TRIM( soil_depth_chr ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
2367
2368	WRITE (coor_chr,'(F10.2,7X)') root_fraction(i)
2369	roots_chr = TRIM( roots_chr ) // ' ' // TRIM( coor_chr )
2370
2371	WRITE (coor_chr,'(I10,7X)') i
2372	vertical_index_chr = TRIM( vertical_index_chr ) // ' ' // &
2373	TRIM( coor_chr )
2374	ENDDO
2375
2376	!
2377	!-- Write land surface model header
2378	WRITE( io, 1 )
2379	IF ( conserve_water_content ) THEN
2380	WRITE( io, 2 )
2381	ELSE
2382	WRITE( io, 3 )
2383	ENDIF
2384
2385	IF ( vegetation_type_f%from_file ) THEN
2386	WRITE( io, 5 )
2387	ELSE
2388	WRITE( io, 4 ) TRIM( vegetation_type_name(vegetation_type) ), &
2389	TRIM (soil_type_name(soil_type) )
2390	ENDIF
2391	WRITE( io, 6 ) TRIM( soil_depth_chr ), TRIM( t_soil_chr ), &
2392	TRIM( m_soil_chr ), TRIM( roots_chr ), &
2393	TRIM( vertical_index_chr )
2394
2395	1 FORMAT (//' Land surface model information:'/ &
2396	' ------------------------------'/)
2397	2 FORMAT (' --> Soil bottom is closed (water content is conserved', &
2398	', default)')
2399	3 FORMAT (' --> Soil bottom is open (water content is not conserved)')
2400	4 FORMAT (' --> Land surface type : ',A,/ &
2401	' --> Soil porosity type : ',A)
2402	5 FORMAT (' --> Land surface type : read from file' / &
2403	' --> Soil porosity type : read from file' )
2404	6 FORMAT (/' Initial soil temperature and moisture profile:'// &
2405	' Height: ',A,' m'/ &
2406	' Temperature: ',A,' K'/ &
2407	' Moisture: ',A,' m3/m3'/ &
2408	' Root fraction: ',A,' '/ &
2409	' Grid point: ',A)
2410
2411
2412	END SUBROUTINE lsm_header
2413
2414
2415	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2416	! Description:
2417	! ------------
2418	!> Initialization of the land surface model
2419	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2420	SUBROUTINE lsm_init
2421
2422	USE control_parameters, &
2423	ONLY: message_string
2424
2425	USE indices, &
2426	ONLY: nx, ny, topo_min_level
2427
2428	#if defined( __parallel )
2429	USE pmc_handle_communicator, &
2430	ONLY: pmc_is_rootmodel
2431	#endif
2432
2433	USE pmc_interface, &
2434	ONLY: nested_run
2435
2436	IMPLICIT NONE
2437
2438	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
2439	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
2440	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
2441	INTEGER(iwp) :: kn !< running index
2442	INTEGER(iwp) :: ko !< running index
2443	INTEGER(iwp) :: kroot !< running index
2444	INTEGER(iwp) :: kzs !< running index
2445	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index surface facing
2446	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
2447	INTEGER(iwp) :: st !< soil-type index
2448	INTEGER(iwp) :: n_soil_layers_total !< temperature variable, stores the total number of soil layers + 4
2449	#if defined( __parallel )
2450	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzs_root !< number of soil layers in root domain (used in case soil data needs to be
2451	!< transferred from root model to child models)
2452
2453	LOGICAL :: init_msoil_from_driver_root !< flag indicating that msoil in root is initialized from dynamic file
2454	LOGICAL :: init_tsoil_from_driver_root !< flag indicating that tsoil in root is initialized from dynamic file
2455	#endif
2456	LOGICAL :: flag_exceed_z0 !< dummy flag to indicate whether roughness length is too high
2457	LOGICAL :: flag_exceed_z0h !< dummy flag to indicate whether roughness length for scalars is too high
2458
2459	#if defined( __parallel )
2460	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_soil_root !< domain-averaged soil moisture profile in root domain
2461	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_soil_root !< domain-averaged soil temperature profile in root domain
2462	#endif
2463	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bound !< temporary arrays for storing index bounds
2464	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: bound_root_fr !< temporary arrays for storing index bounds
2465	#if defined( __parallel )
2466	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: pr_soil_init !< temporary array used for averaging soil profiles
2467	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: z_soil_root !< vertical dimension of soil grid in root domain
2468	#endif
2469
2470	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'lsm_init', 'start' )
2471	!
2472	!-- If no cloud physics is used, rho_surface has not been calculated before
2473	IF ( .NOT. bulk_cloud_model .AND. .NOT. cloud_droplets ) THEN
2474	CALL calc_mean_profile( pt, 4 )
2475	rho_surface = hyp(nzb) / ( r_d * hom(topo_min_level+1,1,4,0) * exner(nzb) )
2476	ENDIF
2477
2478	!
2479	!-- Calculate frequently used parameters
2480	rho_cp = c_p * rho_surface
2481	rho_lv = rho_surface * l_v
2482	drho_l_lv = 1.0_wp / (rho_l * l_v)
2483
2484	!
2485	!-- Set initial values for prognostic quantities
2486	!-- Horizontal surfaces
2487	DO l = 0, 1
2488	tt_surface_h_m(l)%var_1d = 0.0_wp
2489	tt_soil_h_m(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2490	tm_soil_h_m(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2491	tm_liq_h_m(l)%var_1d = 0.0_wp
2492	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_liq = 0.0_wp
2493
2494	surf_lsm_h(l)%ghf = 0.0_wp
2495
2496	surf_lsm_h(l)%qsws_liq = 0.0_wp
2497	surf_lsm_h(l)%qsws_soil = 0.0_wp
2498	surf_lsm_h(l)%qsws_veg = 0.0_wp
2499
2500	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_a = 50.0_wp
2501	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_s = 50.0_wp
2502	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy = 0.0_wp
2503	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_soil = 0.0_wp
2504	ENDDO
2505	!
2506	!-- Do the same for vertical surfaces
2507	DO l = 0, 3
2508	tt_surface_v_m(l)%var_1d = 0.0_wp
2509	tt_soil_v_m(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2510	tm_soil_v_m(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2511	tm_liq_v_m(l)%var_1d = 0.0_wp
2512	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_liq = 0.0_wp
2513
2514	surf_lsm_v(l)%ghf = 0.0_wp
2515
2516	surf_lsm_v(l)%qsws_liq = 0.0_wp
2517	surf_lsm_v(l)%qsws_soil = 0.0_wp
2518	surf_lsm_v(l)%qsws_veg = 0.0_wp
2519
2520	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_a = 50.0_wp
2521	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_s = 50.0_wp
2522	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy = 0.0_wp
2523	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_soil = 0.0_wp
2524	ENDDO
2525
2526	!
2527	!-- Set initial values for prognostic soil quantities
2528	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
2529	DO l = 0, 1
2530	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2531	m_soil_h(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2532	m_liq_h(l)%var_1d = 0.0_wp
2533	ENDDO
2534	DO l = 0, 3
2535	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2536	m_soil_v(l)%var_2d = 0.0_wp
2537	m_liq_v(l)%var_1d = 0.0_wp
2538	ENDDO
2539	ENDIF
2540	!
2541	!-- Allocate 3D soil model arrays
2542	!-- First, for horizontal surfaces
2543	DO l = 0, 1
2544	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%alpha_vg(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2545	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w_sat(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2546	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2547	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h_def(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns))
2548	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%l_vg(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2549	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%m_fc(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2550	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%m_res(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2551	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2552	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%m_wilt(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2553	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%n_vg(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2554	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%rho_c_total(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2555	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%rho_c_total_def(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2556	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2557
2558	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h = 0.0_wp
2559	!
2560	!-- If required, allocate humidity-related variables for the soil model
2561	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2562	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_w(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2563	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2564
2565	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_w = 0.0_wp
2566	ENDIF
2567	ENDDO
2568	!
2569	!-- For vertical surfaces
2570	DO l = 0, 3
2571	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%alpha_vg(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2572	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w_sat(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2573	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2574	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h_def(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns))
2575	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%l_vg(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2576	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%m_fc(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2577	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%m_res(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2578	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2579	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%m_wilt(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2580	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%n_vg(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2581	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%rho_c_total(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2582	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%rho_c_total_def(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2583	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2584
2585	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h = 0.0_wp
2586
2587	!
2588	!-- If required, allocate humidity-related variables for the soil model
2589	IF ( humidity ) THEN
2590	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_w(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2591	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2592
2593	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_w = 0.0_wp
2594	ENDIF
2595	ENDDO
2596	!
2597	!-- Allocate albedo type and emissivity for vegetation, water and pavement
2598	!-- fraction.
2599	!-- Set default values at each surface element.
2600	DO l = 0, 1
2601	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns,0:2) )
2602	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns,0:2) )
2603	!
2604	!-- Initialize albedo type according to its default type, in order to set values
2605	!-- independent on default albedo_type in radiation model.
2606	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(:,ind_veg_wall) = &
2607	INT( vegetation_pars(ind_v_at,vegetation_type) )
2608	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(:,ind_wat_win) = &
2609	INT( water_pars(ind_w_at,water_type) )
2610	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(:,ind_pav_green) = &
2611	INT( pavement_pars(ind_p_at,pavement_type) )
2612	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity = emissivity
2613	ENDDO
2614	DO l = 0, 3
2615	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns,0:2) )
2616	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns,0:2) )
2617	!
2618	!-- Initialize albedo type according to its default type, in order to
2619	!-- set values independent on default albedo_type in radiation model.
2620	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(:,ind_veg_wall) = &
2621	INT( vegetation_pars(ind_v_at,vegetation_type) )
2622	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(:,ind_wat_win) = &
2623	INT( water_pars(ind_w_at,water_type) )
2624	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(:,ind_pav_green) = &
2625	INT( pavement_pars(ind_p_at,pavement_type) )
2626	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity = emissivity
2627	ENDDO
2628	!
2629	!-- Allocate arrays for relative surface fraction.
2630	!-- 0 - vegetation fraction, 2 - water fraction, 1 - pavement fraction
2631	DO l = 0, 1
2632	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns,0:2) )
2633	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac = 0.0_wp
2634	ENDDO
2635	DO l = 0, 3
2636	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns,0:2) )
2637	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac = 0.0_wp
2638	ENDDO
2639	!
2640	!-- For vertical walls only - allocate special flag indicating if any building is on
2641	!-- top of any natural surfaces. Used for initialization only.
2642	DO l = 0, 3
2643	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2644	ENDDO
2645	!
2646	!-- Allocate arrays for the respective types and their names on the surface
2647	!-- elements. This will be required to treat deposition of chemical species.
2648	DO l = 0, 1
2649	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2650	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2651	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2652
2653	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type = 0
2654	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type = 0
2655	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type = 0
2656
2657	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type_name(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2658	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type_name(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2659	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type_name(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
2660
2661	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type_name = 'none'
2662	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type_name = 'none'
2663	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type_name = 'none'
2664	ENDDO
2665	DO l = 0, 3
2666	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2667	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2668	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2669
2670	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type = 0
2671	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type = 0
2672	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type = 0
2673
2674	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type_name(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2675	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type_name(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2676	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type_name(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
2677
2678	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type_name = 'none'
2679	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type_name = 'none'
2680	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type_name = 'none'
2681	ENDDO
2682
2683	!
2684	!-- Set flag parameter for the prescribed surface type depending on user
2685	!-- input. Set surface fraction to 1 for the respective type.
2686	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( surface_type ) )
2687
2688	CASE ( 'vegetation' )
2689	DO l = 0, 1
2690	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface = .TRUE.
2691	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(:,ind_veg_wall) = 1.0_wp
2692	ENDDO
2693	DO l = 0, 3
2694	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface = .TRUE.
2695	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(:,ind_veg_wall) = 1.0_wp
2696	ENDDO
2697
2698	CASE ( 'water' )
2699	!
2700	!-- Note, downward and vertical water surface does not really make sense.
2701	DO l = 0, 1
2702	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface = .TRUE.
2703	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(:,ind_wat_win) = 1.0_wp
2704	ENDDO
2705	DO l = 0, 3
2706	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface = .TRUE.
2707	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(:,ind_wat_win) = 1.0_wp
2708	ENDDO
2709
2710	CASE ( 'pavement' )
2711	DO l = 0, 1
2712	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface = .TRUE.
2713	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(:,ind_pav_green) = 1.0_wp
2714	ENDDO
2715	DO l = 0, 3
2716	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface = .TRUE.
2717	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(:,ind_pav_green) = 1.0_wp
2718	ENDDO
2719
2720	CASE ( 'netcdf' )
2721	DO l = 0, 1
2722	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
2723	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
2724	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
2725	IF ( vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) /= vegetation_type_f%fill ) &
2726	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) = .TRUE.
2727	IF ( pavement_type_f%var(j,i) /= pavement_type_f%fill ) &
2728	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) = .TRUE.
2729	IF ( water_type_f%var(j,i) /= water_type_f%fill ) &
2730	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface(m) = .TRUE.
2731	!
2732	!-- Check if at least one type is set.
2733	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .AND. &
2734	.NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
2735	.NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface(m) ) THEN
2736	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Horizontal surface element ' // &
2737	' at i, j = ', i, j, &
2738	' is neither a vegetation, ' // &
2739	'pavement, nor a water surface.'
2740	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0619', &
2741	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
2742	ENDIF
2743	ENDDO
2744	ENDDO
2745	!
2746	!-- For vertical surfaces some special checks and treatment are
2747	!-- required for correct initialization.
2748	DO l = 0, 3
2749	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
2750	!
2751	!-- Only for vertical surfaces. Check if at the grid point where
2752	!-- the wall is defined (i+ioff, j+joff) is any building.
2753	!-- This case, no natural surfaces properties will be defined at
2754	!-- at this grid point, leading to problems in the initialization.
2755	!-- To overcome this, define a special flag which
2756	!-- indicates that a building is defined at the wall grid point
2757	!-- and take the surface properties from the adjoining grid
2758	!-- point, i.e. without offset values.
2759	!-- Further, there can occur a special case where elevation
2760	!-- changes are larger than building heights. This case, (j,i)
2761	!-- and (j+joff,i+ioff) grid points may be both covered by
2762	!-- buildings, but vertical, but vertically natural walls may
2763	!-- be located between the buildings. This case, it is not
2764	!-- guaranteed that information about natural surface types is
2765	!-- given, neither at (j,i) nor at (j+joff,i+ioff), again leading
2766	!-- to non-initialized surface properties.
2767	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) = .FALSE.
2768	!
2769	!-- Wall grid point is building-covered. This case, set
2770	!-- flag indicating that surface properties are initialized
2771	!-- from neighboring reference grid point, which is not
2772	!-- building_covered.
2773	IF ( building_type_f%from_file ) THEN
2774	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
2775	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
2776	IF ( building_type_f%var(j+surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
2777	i+surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff) /= &
2778	building_type_f%fill ) &
2779	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) = .TRUE.
2780	!
2781	!-- Wall grid point as well as neighboring reference grid
2782	!-- point are both building-covered. This case, surface
2783	!-- properties are not necessarily defined (not covered by
2784	!-- checks for static input file) at this surface. Hence,
2785	!-- initialize surface properties by simply setting
2786	!-- vegetation_type_f to bare-soil bulk parametrization.
2787	!-- soil_type_f as well as surface_fractions_f will be set
2788	!-- also.
2789	IF ( building_type_f%var(j+surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
2790	i+surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff) /= &
2791	building_type_f%fill .AND. &
2792	building_type_f%var(j,i) /= building_type_f%fill ) &
2793	THEN
2794	vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) = 1 ! bare soil
2795	soil_type_f%var_2d(j,i) = 1
2796
2797	water_type_f%var(j,i) = water_type_f%fill
2798	pavement_type_f%var(j,i) = pavement_type_f%fill
2799	!
2800	!-- If surface_fraction is provided in static input,
2801	!-- set fraction for vegetation to one at building-covered
2802	!-- surfaces.
2803	IF ( surface_fraction_f%from_file ) THEN
2804	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_veg_wall,j,i) = 1.0_wp
2805	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_pav_green,j,i) = 0.0_wp
2806	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_wat_win,j,i) = 0.0_wp
2807	ENDIF
2808	ENDIF
2809
2810	ENDIF
2811	!
2812	!-- Normally proceed with setting surface types.
2813	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
2814	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
2815	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
2816	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
2817	IF ( vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) /= vegetation_type_f%fill ) &
2818	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) = .TRUE.
2819	IF ( pavement_type_f%var(j,i) /= pavement_type_f%fill ) &
2820	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) = .TRUE.
2821	IF ( water_type_f%var(j,i) /= water_type_f%fill ) &
2822	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface(m) = .TRUE.
2823	!
2824	!-- Check if at least one type is set.
2825	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .AND. &
2826	.NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
2827	.NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface(m) ) THEN
2828	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Vertical surface element ' //&
2829	' at i, j = ', i, j, &
2830	' is neither a vegetation, ' // &
2831	'pavement, nor a water surface.'
2832	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0619', &
2833	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
2834	ENDIF
2835	ENDDO
2836	ENDDO
2837
2838	END SELECT
2839	!
2840	!-- In case of netcdf input file, further initialize surface fractions.
2841	!-- At the moment only 1 surface is given at a location, so that the fraction
2842	!-- is either 0 or 1. This will be revised later. If surface fraction
2843	!-- is not given in static input file, relative fractions will be derived
2844	!-- from given surface type. In this case, only 1 type is given at a certain
2845	!-- location (already checked).
2846	IF ( input_pids_static .AND. surface_fraction_f%from_file ) THEN
2847	DO l = 0, 1
2848	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
2849	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
2850	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
2851	!
2852	!-- 0 - vegetation fraction, 1 - pavement fraction, 2 - water fraction
2853	IF ( surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_veg_wall,j,i) /= &
2854	surface_fraction_f%fill ) THEN
2855	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) = &
2856	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_veg_wall,j,i)
2857	ENDIF
2858	IF ( surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_pav_green,j,i) /= &
2859	surface_fraction_f%fill ) THEN
2860	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_pav_green) = &
2861	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_pav_green,j,i)
2862	ENDIF
2863	IF ( surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_wat_win,j,i) /= &
2864	surface_fraction_f%fill ) THEN
2865	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) = &
2866	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_wat_win,j,i)
2867	ENDIF
2868	!
2869	!-- Check if sum of relative fractions is zero. This case, give an
2870	!-- error message.
2871	IF ( SUM ( surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,:) ) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
2872	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
2873	'surface fractions at grid point (j,i) = (', &
2874	j, i, ') are all zero.'
2875	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0688', &
2876	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
2877	ENDIF
2878	!
2879	!-- In case the sum of all surfaces is not 1, which may happen
2880	!-- due to rounding errors or type conversions, normalize the
2881	!-- fractions to one. Note, at the moment no tile approach is
2882	!-- implemented, so that relative fractions are either 1 or zero.
2883	IF ( SUM ( surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,:) ) > 1.0_wp .OR. &
2884	SUM ( surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,:) ) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2885	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,:) = surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,:) / &
2886	SUM ( surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,:) )
2887
2888	ENDIF
2889	ENDDO
2890	ENDDO
2891	DO l = 0, 3
2892	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
2893	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
2894	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
2895	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
2896	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
2897	!
2898	!-- 0 - vegetation fraction, 1 - pavement fraction, 2 - water fraction
2899	IF ( surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_veg_wall,j,i) /= &
2900	surface_fraction_f%fill ) THEN
2901	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) = &
2902	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_veg_wall,j,i)
2903	ENDIF
2904	IF ( surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_pav_green,j,i) /= &
2905	surface_fraction_f%fill ) THEN
2906	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_pav_green) = &
2907	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_pav_green,j,i)
2908	ENDIF
2909	IF ( surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_wat_win,j,i) /= &
2910	surface_fraction_f%fill ) THEN
2911	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) = &
2912	surface_fraction_f%frac(ind_wat_win,j,i)
2913	ENDIF
2914	!
2915	!-- Check if sum of relative fractions is zero. This case, give an
2916	!-- error message.
2917	IF ( SUM ( surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,:) ) == 0.0_wp ) THEN
2918	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
2919	'surface fractions at grid point (j,i) = (', &
2920	j, i, ') are all zero.'
2921	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0688', &
2922	2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
2923	ENDIF
2924	!
2925	!-- In case the sum of all surfaces is not 1, which may happen
2926	!-- due to rounding errors or type conversions, normalize the
2927	!-- fractions to one. Note, at the moment no tile approach is
2928	!-- implemented, so that relative fractions are either 1 or zero.
2929	IF ( SUM ( surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,:) ) > 1.0_wp .OR. &
2930	SUM ( surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,:) ) < 1.0_wp ) THEN
2931	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,:) = surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,:) / &
2932	SUM ( surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,:) )
2933
2934	ENDIF
2935	ENDDO
2936	ENDDO
2937	ELSEIF ( input_pids_static .AND. .NOT. surface_fraction_f%from_file ) &
2938	THEN
2939	DO l = 0, 1
2940	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
2941	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
2942	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
2943
2944	IF ( vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) /= vegetation_type_f%fill ) &
2945	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) = 1.0_wp
2946	IF ( pavement_type_f%var(j,i) /= pavement_type_f%fill ) &
2947	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_pav_green) = 1.0_wp
2948	IF ( water_type_f%var(j,i) /= water_type_f%fill ) &
2949	surf_lsm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) = 1.0_wp
2950	ENDDO
2951	ENDDO
2952	DO l = 0, 3
2953	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
2954	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
2955	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
2956	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
2957	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
2958
2959	IF ( vegetation_type_f%var(j,i) /= vegetation_type_f%fill ) &
2960	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) = 1.0_wp
2961	IF ( pavement_type_f%var(j,i) /= pavement_type_f%fill ) &
2962	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_pav_green) = 1.0_wp
2963	IF ( water_type_f%var(j,i) /= water_type_f%fill ) &
2964	surf_lsm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win) = 1.0_wp
2965	ENDDO
2966	ENDDO
2967	ENDIF
2968	!
2969	!-- Level 1, initialization of soil parameters.
2970	!-- It is possible to overwrite each parameter by setting the respecticy
2971	!-- NAMELIST variable to a value /= 9999999.9.
2972	IF ( soil_type /= 0 ) THEN
2973
2974	IF ( alpha_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2975	alpha_vangenuchten = soil_pars(0,soil_type)
2976	ENDIF
2977
2978	IF ( l_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2979	l_vangenuchten = soil_pars(1,soil_type)
2980	ENDIF
2981
2982	IF ( n_vangenuchten == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2983	n_vangenuchten = soil_pars(2,soil_type)
2984	ENDIF
2985
2986	IF ( hydraulic_conductivity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2987	hydraulic_conductivity = soil_pars(3,soil_type)
2988	ENDIF
2989
2990	IF ( saturation_moisture == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2991	saturation_moisture = soil_pars(4,soil_type)
2992	ENDIF
2993
2994	IF ( field_capacity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2995	field_capacity = soil_pars(5,soil_type)
2996	ENDIF
2997
2998	IF ( wilting_point == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2999	wilting_point = soil_pars(6,soil_type)
3000	ENDIF
3001
3002	IF ( residual_moisture == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3003	residual_moisture = soil_pars(7,soil_type)
3004	ENDIF
3005
3006	ENDIF
3007	!
3008	!-- Map values to the respective 2D/3D arrays
3009	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3010	DO l = 0, 1
3011	surf_lsm_h(l)%alpha_vg = alpha_vangenuchten
3012	surf_lsm_h(l)%l_vg = l_vangenuchten
3013	surf_lsm_h(l)%n_vg = n_vangenuchten
3014	surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w_sat = hydraulic_conductivity
3015	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat = saturation_moisture
3016	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_fc = field_capacity
3017	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_wilt = wilting_point
3018	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_res = residual_moisture
3019	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_soil_min = min_soil_resistance
3020	ENDDO
3021	!
3022	!-- Vertical surfaces
3023	DO l = 0, 3
3024	surf_lsm_v(l)%alpha_vg = alpha_vangenuchten
3025	surf_lsm_v(l)%l_vg = l_vangenuchten
3026	surf_lsm_v(l)%n_vg = n_vangenuchten
3027	surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w_sat = hydraulic_conductivity
3028	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat = saturation_moisture
3029	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_fc = field_capacity
3030	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_wilt = wilting_point
3031	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_res = residual_moisture
3032	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_soil_min = min_soil_resistance
3033	ENDDO
3034	!
3035	!-- Level 2, initialization of soil parameters via soil_type read from file.
3036	!-- Soil parameters are initialized for each (y,x)-grid point
3037	!-- individually using default paramter settings according to the given
3038	!-- soil type.
3039	IF ( soil_type_f%from_file ) THEN
3040	!
3041	!-- Level of detail = 1, i.e. a homogeneous soil distribution along the
3042	!-- vertical dimension is assumed.
3043	IF ( soil_type_f%lod == 1 ) THEN
3044	!
3045	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3046	DO l = 0, 1
3047	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3048	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3049	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3050
3051	st = soil_type_f%var_2d(j,i)
3052	IF ( st /= soil_type_f%fill ) THEN
3053	surf_lsm_h(l)%alpha_vg(:,m) = soil_pars(0,st)
3054	surf_lsm_h(l)%l_vg(:,m) = soil_pars(1,st)
3055	surf_lsm_h(l)%n_vg(:,m) = soil_pars(2,st)
3056	surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w_sat(:,m) = soil_pars(3,st)
3057	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(:,m) = soil_pars(4,st)
3058	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_fc(:,m) = soil_pars(5,st)
3059	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_wilt(:,m) = soil_pars(6,st)
3060	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_res(:,m) = soil_pars(7,st)
3061	ENDIF
3062	ENDDO
3063	ENDDO
3064	!
3065	!-- Vertical surfaces ( assumes the soil type given at respective (x,y)
3066	DO l = 0, 3
3067	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3068	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3069	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3070	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3071	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3072
3073	st = soil_type_f%var_2d(j,i)
3074	IF ( st /= soil_type_f%fill ) THEN
3075	surf_lsm_v(l)%alpha_vg(:,m) = soil_pars(0,st)
3076	surf_lsm_v(l)%l_vg(:,m) = soil_pars(1,st)
3077	surf_lsm_v(l)%n_vg(:,m) = soil_pars(2,st)
3078	surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w_sat(:,m) = soil_pars(3,st)
3079	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(:,m) = soil_pars(4,st)
3080	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_fc(:,m) = soil_pars(5,st)
3081	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_wilt(:,m) = soil_pars(6,st)
3082	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_res(:,m) = soil_pars(7,st)
3083	ENDIF
3084	ENDDO
3085	ENDDO
3086	!
3087	!-- Level of detail = 2, i.e. soil type and thus the soil parameters
3088	!-- can be heterogeneous along the vertical dimension.
3089	ELSE
3090	!
3091	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3092	DO l = 0, 1
3093	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3094	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3095	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3096
3097	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
3098	st = soil_type_f%var_3d(k,j,i)
3099	IF ( st /= soil_type_f%fill ) THEN
3100	surf_lsm_h(l)%alpha_vg(k,m) = soil_pars(0,st)
3101	surf_lsm_h(l)%l_vg(k,m) = soil_pars(1,st)
3102	surf_lsm_h(l)%n_vg(k,m) = soil_pars(2,st)
3103	surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w_sat(k,m) = soil_pars(3,st)
3104	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(k,m) = soil_pars(4,st)
3105	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_fc(k,m) = soil_pars(5,st)
3106	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_wilt(k,m) = soil_pars(6,st)
3107	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_res(k,m) = soil_pars(7,st)
3108	ENDIF
3109	ENDDO
3110	ENDDO
3111	ENDDO
3112	!
3113	!-- Vertical surfaces ( assumes the soil type given at respective (x,y)
3114	DO l = 0, 3
3115	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3116	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3117	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3118	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3119	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3120
3121	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
3122	st = soil_type_f%var_3d(k,j,i)
3123	IF ( st /= soil_type_f%fill ) THEN
3124	surf_lsm_v(l)%alpha_vg(k,m) = soil_pars(0,st)
3125	surf_lsm_v(l)%l_vg(k,m) = soil_pars(1,st)
3126	surf_lsm_v(l)%n_vg(k,m) = soil_pars(2,st)
3127	surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w_sat(k,m) = soil_pars(3,st)
3128	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(k,m) = soil_pars(4,st)
3129	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_fc(k,m) = soil_pars(5,st)
3130	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_wilt(k,m) = soil_pars(6,st)
3131	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_res(k,m) = soil_pars(7,st)
3132	ENDIF
3133	ENDDO
3134	ENDDO
3135	ENDDO
3136	ENDIF
3137	ENDIF
3138	!
3139	!-- Level 3, initialization of single soil parameters at single z,x,y
3140	!-- position via soil_pars read from file.
3141	IF ( soil_pars_f%from_file ) THEN
3142	!
3143	!-- Level of detail = 1, i.e. a homogeneous vertical distribution of soil
3144	!-- parameters is assumed.
3145	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3146	IF ( soil_pars_f%lod == 1 ) THEN
3147	!
3148	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3149	DO l = 0, 1
3150	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3151	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3152	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3153
3154	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(0,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3155	surf_lsm_h(l)%alpha_vg(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(0,j,i)
3156	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(1,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3157	surf_lsm_h(l)%l_vg(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(1,j,i)
3158	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(2,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3159	surf_lsm_h(l)%n_vg(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(2,j,i)
3160	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(3,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3161	surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w_sat(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(3,j,i)
3162	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(4,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3163	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(4,j,i)
3164	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(5,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3165	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_fc(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(5,j,i)
3166	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(6,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3167	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_wilt(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(6,j,i)
3168	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(7,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3169	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_res(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(7,j,i)
3170	ENDDO
3171	ENDDO
3172	!
3173	!-- Vertical surfaces
3174	DO l = 0, 3
3175	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3176	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3177	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3178	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3179	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3180
3181	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(0,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3182	surf_lsm_v(l)%alpha_vg(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(0,j,i)
3183	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(1,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3184	surf_lsm_v(l)%l_vg(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(1,j,i)
3185	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(2,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3186	surf_lsm_v(l)%n_vg(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(2,j,i)
3187	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(3,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3188	surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w_sat(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(3,j,i)
3189	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(4,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3190	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(4,j,i)
3191	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(5,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3192	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_fc(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(5,j,i)
3193	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(6,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3194	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_wilt(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(6,j,i)
3195	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xy(7,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3196	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_res(:,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xy(7,j,i)
3197
3198	ENDDO
3199	ENDDO
3200	!
3201	!-- Level of detail = 2, i.e. soil parameters can be set at each soil
3202	!-- layer individually.
3203	ELSE
3204	!
3205	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3206	DO l = 0, 1
3207	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3208	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3209	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3210
3211	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
3212	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(0,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3213	surf_lsm_h(l)%alpha_vg(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(0,k,j,i)
3214	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(1,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3215	surf_lsm_h(l)%l_vg(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(1,k,j,i)
3216	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(2,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3217	surf_lsm_h(l)%n_vg(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(2,k,j,i)
3218	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(3,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3219	surf_lsm_h(l)%gamma_w_sat(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(3,k,j,i)
3220	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(4,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3221	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(4,k,j,i)
3222	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(5,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3223	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_fc(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(5,k,j,i)
3224	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(6,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3225	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_wilt(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(6,k,j,i)
3226	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(7,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3227	surf_lsm_h(l)%m_res(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(7,k,j,i)
3228	ENDDO
3229	ENDDO
3230	ENDDO
3231	!
3232	!-- Vertical surfaces
3233	DO l = 0, 3
3234	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3235	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3236	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3237	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3238	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3239
3240	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
3241	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(0,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3242	surf_lsm_v(l)%alpha_vg(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(0,k,j,i)
3243	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(1,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3244	surf_lsm_v(l)%l_vg(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(1,k,j,i)
3245	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(2,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3246	surf_lsm_v(l)%n_vg(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(2,k,j,i)
3247	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(3,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3248	surf_lsm_v(l)%gamma_w_sat(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(3,k,j,i)
3249	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(4,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3250	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(4,k,j,i)
3251	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(5,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3252	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_fc(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(5,k,j,i)
3253	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(6,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3254	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_wilt(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(6,k,j,i)
3255	IF ( soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(7,k,j,i) /= soil_pars_f%fill ) &
3256	surf_lsm_v(l)%m_res(k,m) = soil_pars_f%pars_xyz(7,k,j,i)
3257	ENDDO
3258
3259	ENDDO
3260	ENDDO
3261
3262	ENDIF
3263	ENDIF
3264
3265	!
3266	!-- Level 1, initialization of vegetation parameters. A horizontally
3267	!-- homogeneous distribution is assumed here.
3268	IF ( vegetation_type /= 0 ) THEN
3269
3270	IF ( min_canopy_resistance == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3271	min_canopy_resistance = vegetation_pars(ind_v_rc_min,vegetation_type)
3272	ENDIF
3273
3274	IF ( leaf_area_index == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3275	leaf_area_index = vegetation_pars(ind_v_rc_lai,vegetation_type)
3276	ENDIF
3277
3278	IF ( vegetation_coverage == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3279	vegetation_coverage = vegetation_pars(ind_v_c_veg,vegetation_type)
3280	ENDIF
3281
3282	IF ( canopy_resistance_coefficient == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3283	canopy_resistance_coefficient= vegetation_pars(ind_v_gd,vegetation_type)
3284	ENDIF
3285
3286	IF ( z0_vegetation == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3287	z0_vegetation = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0,vegetation_type)
3288	ENDIF
3289
3290	IF ( z0h_vegetation == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3291	z0h_vegetation = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0qh,vegetation_type)
3292	ENDIF
3293
3294	IF ( z0q_vegetation == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3295	z0q_vegetation = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0qh,vegetation_type)
3296	ENDIF
3297
3298	IF ( lambda_surface_stable == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3299	lambda_surface_stable = vegetation_pars(ind_v_lambda_s,vegetation_type)
3300	ENDIF
3301
3302	IF ( lambda_surface_unstable == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3303	lambda_surface_unstable = vegetation_pars(ind_v_lambda_u,vegetation_type)
3304	ENDIF
3305
3306	IF ( f_shortwave_incoming == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3307	f_shortwave_incoming = vegetation_pars(ind_v_f_sw_in,vegetation_type)
3308	ENDIF
3309
3310	IF ( c_surface == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3311	c_surface = vegetation_pars(ind_v_c_surf,vegetation_type)
3312	ENDIF
3313
3314	IF ( albedo_type == 9999999 .AND. albedo == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3315	albedo_type = INT(vegetation_pars(ind_v_at,vegetation_type))
3316	ENDIF
3317
3318	IF ( emissivity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3319	emissivity = vegetation_pars(ind_v_emis,vegetation_type)
3320	ENDIF
3321
3322	ENDIF
3323	!
3324	!-- Map values onto horizontal elemements
3325	DO l = 0, 1
3326	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3327	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) ) THEN
3328	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy_min(m) = min_canopy_resistance
3329	surf_lsm_h(l)%lai(m) = leaf_area_index
3330	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_veg(m) = vegetation_coverage
3331	surf_lsm_h(l)%g_d(m) = canopy_resistance_coefficient
3332	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = z0_vegetation
3333	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = z0h_vegetation
3334	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = z0q_vegetation
3335	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = lambda_surface_stable
3336	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = lambda_surface_unstable
3337	surf_lsm_h(l)%f_sw_in(m) = f_shortwave_incoming
3338	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = c_surface
3339	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_veg_wall) = albedo_type
3340	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_veg_wall) = emissivity
3341
3342	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type(m) = vegetation_type
3343	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type_name(m) = vegetation_type_name(vegetation_type)
3344	ELSE
3345	surf_lsm_h(l)%lai(m) = 0.0_wp
3346	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_veg(m) = 0.0_wp
3347	surf_lsm_h(l)%g_d(m) = 0.0_wp
3348	ENDIF
3349	ENDDO
3350	ENDDO
3351	!
3352	!-- Map values onto vertical elements, even though this does not make
3353	!-- much sense.
3354	DO l = 0, 3
3355	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3356	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) ) THEN
3357	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy_min(m) = min_canopy_resistance
3358	surf_lsm_v(l)%lai(m) = leaf_area_index
3359	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_veg(m) = vegetation_coverage
3360	surf_lsm_v(l)%g_d(m) = canopy_resistance_coefficient
3361	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = z0_vegetation
3362	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = z0h_vegetation
3363	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = z0q_vegetation
3364	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = lambda_surface_stable
3365	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = lambda_surface_unstable
3366	surf_lsm_v(l)%f_sw_in(m) = f_shortwave_incoming
3367	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = c_surface
3368	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_veg_wall) = albedo_type
3369	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_veg_wall) = emissivity
3370
3371	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type(m) = vegetation_type
3372	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type_name(m) = vegetation_type_name(vegetation_type)
3373	ELSE
3374	surf_lsm_v(l)%lai(m) = 0.0_wp
3375	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_veg(m) = 0.0_wp
3376	surf_lsm_v(l)%g_d(m) = 0.0_wp
3377	ENDIF
3378	ENDDO
3379	ENDDO
3380
3381	!
3382	!-- Level 2, initialization of vegation parameters via vegetation_type read
3383	!-- from file. Vegetation parameters are initialized for each (y,x)-grid point
3384	!-- individually using default paramter settings according to the given
3385	!-- vegetation type.
3386	IF ( vegetation_type_f%from_file ) THEN
3387	!
3388	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3389	DO l = 0, 1
3390	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3391	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3392	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3393
3394	st = vegetation_type_f%var(j,i)
3395	IF ( st /= vegetation_type_f%fill .AND. st /= 0 ) THEN
3396	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy_min(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_rc_min,st)
3397	surf_lsm_h(l)%lai(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_rc_lai,st)
3398	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_veg(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_c_veg,st)
3399	surf_lsm_h(l)%g_d(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_gd,st)
3400	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0,st)
3401	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0qh,st)
3402	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0qh,st)
3403	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_lambda_s,st)
3404	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_lambda_u,st)
3405	surf_lsm_h(l)%f_sw_in(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_f_sw_in,st)
3406	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_c_surf,st)
3407	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_veg_wall) = INT( vegetation_pars(ind_v_at,st) )
3408	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_veg_wall) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_emis,st)
3409
3410	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type(m) = st
3411	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_type_name(m) = vegetation_type_name(st)
3412	ENDIF
3413	ENDDO
3414	ENDDO
3415	!
3416	!-- Vertical surfaces
3417	DO l = 0, 3
3418	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3419	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3420	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3421	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3422	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3423
3424	st = vegetation_type_f%var(j,i)
3425	IF ( st /= vegetation_type_f%fill .AND. st /= 0 ) THEN
3426	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy_min(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_rc_min,st)
3427	surf_lsm_v(l)%lai(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_rc_lai,st)
3428	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_veg(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_c_veg,st)
3429	surf_lsm_v(l)%g_d(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_gd,st)
3430	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0,st)
3431	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0qh,st)
3432	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_z0qh,st)
3433	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_lambda_s,st)
3434	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_lambda_u,st)
3435	surf_lsm_v(l)%f_sw_in(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_f_sw_in,st)
3436	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_c_surf,st)
3437	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_veg_wall) = INT( vegetation_pars(ind_v_at,st) )
3438	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_veg_wall) = vegetation_pars(ind_v_emis,st)
3439
3440	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type(m) = st
3441	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_type_name(m) = vegetation_type_name(st)
3442	ENDIF
3443	ENDDO
3444	ENDDO
3445	ENDIF
3446	!
3447	!-- Level 3, initialization of vegation parameters at single (x,y)
3448	!-- position via vegetation_pars read from file.
3449	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%from_file ) THEN
3450	!
3451	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3452	DO l = 0, 1
3453	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3454	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3455	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3456	!
3457	!-- If surface element is not a vegetation surface and any value in
3458	!-- vegetation_pars is given, neglect this information and give an
3459	!-- informative message that this value will not be used.
3460	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .AND. &
3461	ANY( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(:,j,i) /= &
3462	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) ) THEN
3463	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
3464	'surface element at grid point (j,i) = (', &
3465	j, i, ') is not a vegetation surface, ', &
3466	'so that information given in ', &
3467	'vegetation_pars at this point is neglected.'
3468	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0436', 0, 0, myid, 6, 0 )
3469	ELSE
3470
3471	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_min,j,i) /= &
3472	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3473	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy_min(m) = &
3474	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_min,j,i)
3475	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_lai,j,i) /= &
3476	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3477	surf_lsm_h(l)%lai(m) = &
3478	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_lai,j,i)
3479	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_veg,j,i) /= &
3480	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3481	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_veg(m) = &
3482	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_veg,j,i)
3483	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_gd,j,i) /= &
3484	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3485	surf_lsm_h(l)%g_d(m) = &
3486	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_gd,j,i)
3487	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0,j,i) /= &
3488	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3489	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = &
3490	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0,j,i)
3491	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0qh,j,i) /= &
3492	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) THEN
3493	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = &
3494	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0qh,j,i)
3495	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = &
3496	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0qh,j,i)
3497	ENDIF
3498	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_s,j,i) /= &
3499	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3500	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
3501	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_s,j,i)
3502	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_u,j,i) /= &
3503	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3504	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
3505	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_u,j,i)
3506	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_f_sw_in,j,i) /= &
3507	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3508	surf_lsm_h(l)%f_sw_in(m) = &
3509	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_f_sw_in,j,i)
3510	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_surf,j,i) /= &
3511	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3512	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = &
3513	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_surf,j,i)
3514	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_at,j,i) /= &
3515	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3516	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_veg_wall) = &
3517	INT( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_at,j,i) )
3518	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_emis,j,i) /= &
3519	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3520	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_veg_wall) = &
3521	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_emis,j,i)
3522	ENDIF
3523	ENDDO
3524	ENDDO
3525	!
3526	!-- Vertical surfaces
3527	DO l = 0, 3
3528	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3529	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3530	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3531	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3532	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3533	!
3534	!-- If surface element is not a vegetation surface and any value in
3535	!-- vegetation_pars is given, neglect this information and give an
3536	!-- informative message that this value will not be used.
3537	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .AND. &
3538	ANY( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(:,j,i) /= &
3539	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) ) THEN
3540	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
3541	'surface element at grid point (j,i) = (', &
3542	j, i, ') is not a vegetation surface, ', &
3543	'so that information given in ', &
3544	'vegetation_pars at this point is neglected.'
3545	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0436', 0, 0, myid, 6, 0 )
3546	ELSE
3547
3548	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_min,j,i) /= &
3549	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3550	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy_min(m) = &
3551	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_min,j,i)
3552	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_lai,j,i) /= &
3553	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3554	surf_lsm_v(l)%lai(m) = &
3555	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_rc_lai,j,i)
3556	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_veg,j,i) /= &
3557	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3558	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_veg(m) = &
3559	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_veg,j,i)
3560	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_gd,j,i) /= &
3561	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3562	surf_lsm_v(l)%g_d(m) = &
3563	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_gd,j,i)
3564	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0,j,i) /= &
3565	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3566	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = &
3567	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0,j,i)
3568	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0qh,j,i) /= &
3569	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) THEN
3570	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = &
3571	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0qh,j,i)
3572	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = &
3573	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_z0qh,j,i)
3574	ENDIF
3575	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_s,j,i) /= &
3576	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3577	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
3578	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_s,j,i)
3579	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_u,j,i) /= &
3580	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3581	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
3582	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_lambda_u,j,i)
3583	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_f_sw_in,j,i) /= &
3584	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3585	surf_lsm_v(l)%f_sw_in(m) = &
3586	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_f_sw_in,j,i)
3587	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_surf,j,i) /= &
3588	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3589	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = &
3590	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_c_surf,j,i)
3591	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_at,j,i) /= &
3592	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3593	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_veg_wall) = &
3594	INT( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_at,j,i) )
3595	IF ( vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_emis,j,i) /= &
3596	vegetation_pars_f%fill ) &
3597	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_veg_wall) = &
3598	vegetation_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_v_emis,j,i)
3599	ENDIF
3600
3601	ENDDO
3602	ENDDO
3603	ENDIF
3604
3605	!
3606	!-- Level 1, initialization of water parameters. A horizontally
3607	!-- homogeneous distribution is assumed here.
3608	IF ( water_type /= 0 ) THEN
3609
3610	IF ( water_temperature == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3611	water_temperature = water_pars(ind_w_temp,water_type)
3612	ENDIF
3613
3614	IF ( z0_water == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3615	z0_water = water_pars(ind_w_z0,water_type)
3616	ENDIF
3617
3618	IF ( z0h_water == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3619	z0h_water = water_pars(ind_w_z0h,water_type)
3620	ENDIF
3621
3622	IF ( z0q_water == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3623	z0q_water = water_pars(ind_w_z0h,water_type)
3624	ENDIF
3625
3626	IF ( albedo_type == 9999999 .AND. albedo == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3627	albedo_type = INT(water_pars(ind_w_at,water_type))
3628	ENDIF
3629
3630	IF ( emissivity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3631	emissivity = water_pars(ind_w_emis,water_type)
3632	ENDIF
3633
3634	ENDIF
3635	!
3636	!-- Map values onto horizontal elemements
3637	DO l = 0, 1
3638	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3639	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface(m) ) THEN
3640	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) &
3641	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(:,m) = water_temperature
3642	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = z0_water
3643	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = z0h_water
3644	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = z0q_water
3645	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = 1.0E10_wp
3646	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = 1.0E10_wp
3647	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = 0.0_wp
3648	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_wat_win) = albedo_type
3649	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_wat_win) = emissivity
3650
3651	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type(m) = water_type
3652	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type_name(m) = water_type_name(water_type)
3653	ENDIF
3654	ENDDO
3655	ENDDO
3656	!
3657	!-- Map values onto vertical elements, even though this does not make
3658	!-- much sense.
3659	DO l = 0, 3
3660	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3661	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface(m) ) THEN
3662	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) &
3663	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(:,m) = water_temperature
3664	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = z0_water
3665	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = z0h_water
3666	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = z0q_water
3667	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = 1.0E10_wp
3668	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = 1.0E10_wp
3669	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = 0.0_wp
3670	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_wat_win) = albedo_type
3671	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_wat_win) = emissivity
3672
3673	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type(m) = water_type
3674	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type_name(m) = water_type_name(water_type)
3675	ENDIF
3676	ENDDO
3677	ENDDO
3678	!
3679	!
3680	!-- Level 2, initialization of water parameters via water_type read
3681	!-- from file. Water surfaces are initialized for each (y,x)-grid point
3682	!-- individually using default paramter settings according to the given
3683	!-- water type.
3684	!-- Note, parameter 3/4 of water_pars are albedo and emissivity,
3685	!-- whereas paramter 3/4 of water_pars_f are heat conductivities!
3686	IF ( water_type_f%from_file ) THEN
3687	!
3688	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3689	DO l = 0, 1
3690	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3691	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3692	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3693
3694	st = water_type_f%var(j,i)
3695	IF ( st /= water_type_f%fill .AND. st /= 0 ) THEN
3696	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) &
3697	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(:,m) = water_pars(ind_w_temp,st)
3698	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = water_pars(ind_w_z0,st)
3699	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = water_pars(ind_w_z0h,st)
3700	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = water_pars(ind_w_z0h,st)
3701	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = water_pars(ind_w_lambda_s,st)
3702	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = water_pars(ind_w_lambda_u,st)
3703	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = 0.0_wp
3704	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_wat_win) = INT( water_pars(ind_w_at,st) )
3705	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_wat_win) = water_pars(ind_w_emis,st)
3706
3707	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type(m) = st
3708	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_type_name(m) = water_type_name(st)
3709	ENDIF
3710	ENDDO
3711	ENDDO
3712	!
3713	!-- Vertical surfaces
3714	DO l = 0, 3
3715	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3716	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3717	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3718	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3719	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3720
3721	st = water_type_f%var(j,i)
3722	IF ( st /= water_type_f%fill .AND. st /= 0 ) THEN
3723	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) &
3724	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(:,m) = water_pars(ind_w_temp,st)
3725	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = water_pars(ind_w_z0,st)
3726	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = water_pars(ind_w_z0h,st)
3727	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = water_pars(ind_w_z0h,st)
3728	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
3729	water_pars(ind_w_lambda_s,st)
3730	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
3731	water_pars(ind_w_lambda_u,st)
3732	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = 0.0_wp
3733	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_wat_win) = &
3734	INT( water_pars(ind_w_at,st) )
3735	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_wat_win) = &
3736	water_pars(ind_w_emis,st)
3737
3738	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type(m) = st
3739	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_type_name(m) = water_type_name(st)
3740	ENDIF
3741	ENDDO
3742	ENDDO
3743	ENDIF
3744
3745	!
3746	!-- Level 3, initialization of water parameters at single (x,y)
3747	!-- position via water_pars read from file.
3748	IF ( water_pars_f%from_file ) THEN
3749	!
3750	!-- Horizontal surfaces
3751	DO l = 0, 1
3752	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3753	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
3754	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
3755	!
3756	!-- If surface element is not a water surface and any value in
3757	!-- water_pars is given, neglect this information and give an
3758	!-- informative message that this value will not be used.
3759	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface(m) .AND. &
3760	ANY( water_pars_f%pars_xy(:,j,i) /= water_pars_f%fill ) ) THEN
3761	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
3762	'surface element at grid point (j,i) = (', &
3763	j, i, ') is not a water surface, ', &
3764	'so that information given in ', &
3765	'water_pars at this point is neglected.'
3766	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0645', 0, 0, myid, 6, 0 )
3767	ELSE
3768	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_temp,j,i) /= &
3769	water_pars_f%fill .AND. &
3770	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) &
3771	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(:,m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_temp,j,i)
3772
3773	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0,j,i) /= water_pars_f%fill ) &
3774	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0,j,i)
3775
3776	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0h,j,i) /= water_pars_f%fill )&
3777	THEN
3778	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0h,j,i)
3779	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0h,j,i)
3780	ENDIF
3781	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_s,j,i) /= &
3782	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3783	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
3784	water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_s,j,i)
3785
3786	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_u,j,i) /= &
3787	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3788	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
3789	water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_u,j,i)
3790
3791	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_at,j,i) /= &
3792	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3793	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_wat_win) = &
3794	INT( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_at,j,i) )
3795
3796	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_emis,j,i) /= &
3797	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3798	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_wat_win) = &
3799	water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_emis,j,i)
3800	ENDIF
3801	ENDDO
3802	ENDDO
3803	!
3804	!-- Vertical surfaces
3805	DO l = 0, 3
3806	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3807	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
3808	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3809	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
3810	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
3811	!
3812	!-- If surface element is not a water surface and any value in
3813	!-- water_pars is given, neglect this information and give an
3814	!-- informative message that this value will not be used.
3815	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface(m) .AND. &
3816	ANY( water_pars_f%pars_xy(:,j,i) /= &
3817	water_pars_f%fill ) ) THEN
3818	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
3819	'surface element at grid point (j,i) = (', &
3820	j, i, ') is not a water surface, ', &
3821	'so that information given in ', &
3822	'water_pars at this point is neglected.'
3823	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0645', &
3824	0, 0, myid, 6, 0 )
3825	ELSE
3826
3827	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_temp,j,i) /= &
3828	water_pars_f%fill .AND. &
3829	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) &
3830	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(:,m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_temp,j,i)
3831
3832	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0,j,i) /= &
3833	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3834	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0,j,i)
3835
3836	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0h,j,i) /= &
3837	water_pars_f%fill ) THEN
3838	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0h,j,i)
3839	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_z0h,j,i)
3840	ENDIF
3841
3842	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_s,j,i) /= &
3843	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3844	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
3845	water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_s,j,i)
3846
3847	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_u,j,i) /= &
3848	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3849	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
3850	water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_lambda_u,j,i)
3851
3852	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_at,j,i) /= &
3853	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3854	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_wat_win) = &
3855	INT( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_at,j,i) )
3856
3857	IF ( water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_emis,j,i) /= &
3858	water_pars_f%fill ) &
3859	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_wat_win) = &
3860	water_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_w_emis,j,i)
3861	ENDIF
3862	ENDDO
3863	ENDDO
3864
3865	ENDIF
3866	!
3867	!-- Initialize pavement-type surfaces, level 1
3868	IF ( pavement_type /= 0 ) THEN
3869
3870	!
3871	!-- When a pavement_type is used, overwrite a possible setting of
3872	!-- the pavement depth as it is already defined by the pavement type
3873	pavement_depth_level = 0
3874
3875	IF ( z0_pavement == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3876	z0_pavement = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0,pavement_type)
3877	ENDIF
3878
3879	IF ( z0h_pavement == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3880	z0h_pavement = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0h,pavement_type)
3881	ENDIF
3882
3883	IF ( z0q_pavement == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3884	z0q_pavement = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0h,pavement_type)
3885	ENDIF
3886
3887	IF ( pavement_heat_conduct == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3888	pavement_heat_conduct = pavement_subsurface_pars_1(0,pavement_type)
3889	ENDIF
3890
3891	IF ( pavement_heat_capacity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3892	pavement_heat_capacity = pavement_subsurface_pars_2(0,pavement_type)
3893	ENDIF
3894
3895	IF ( albedo_type == 9999999 .AND. albedo == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3896	albedo_type = INT(pavement_pars(ind_p_at,pavement_type))
3897	ENDIF
3898
3899	IF ( emissivity == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
3900	emissivity = pavement_pars(ind_p_emis,pavement_type)
3901	ENDIF
3902
3903	!
3904	!-- If the depth level of the pavement is not set, determine it from
3905	!-- lookup table.
3906	IF ( pavement_depth_level == 0 ) THEN
3907	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
3908	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,pavement_type) == 9999999.9_wp &
3909	.OR. pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,pavement_type) == 9999999.9_wp)&
3910	THEN
3911	nzt_pavement = k-1
3912	EXIT
3913	ENDIF
3914	ENDDO
3915	ELSE
3916	nzt_pavement = pavement_depth_level
3917	ENDIF
3918	ENDIF
3919	!
3920	!-- Level 1 initialization of pavement type surfaces. Horizontally
3921	!-- homogeneous characteristics are assumed
3922	DO l = 0, 1
3923	surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement = pavement_depth_level
3924	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
3925	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
3926	surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(m) = nzt_pavement
3927	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = z0_pavement
3928	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = z0h_pavement
3929	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = z0q_pavement
3930	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = pavement_heat_conduct &
3931	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
3932	* 2.0_wp
3933	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = pavement_heat_conduct &
3934	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
3935	* 2.0_wp
3936	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = pavement_heat_capacity &
3937	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) &
3938	* 0.25_wp
3939
3940	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_pav_green) = albedo_type
3941	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_pav_green) = emissivity
3942
3943	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type(m) = pavement_type
3944	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type_name(m) = pavement_type_name(pavement_type)
3945
3946	IF ( pavement_type /= 0 ) THEN
3947	DO k = nzb_soil, surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(m)
3948	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h_def(k,m) = &
3949	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,pavement_type)
3950	surf_lsm_h(l)%rho_c_total_def(k,m) = &
3951	pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,pavement_type)
3952	ENDDO
3953	ELSE
3954	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h_def(:,m) = pavement_heat_conduct
3955	surf_lsm_h(l)%rho_c_total_def(:,m) = pavement_heat_capacity
3956	ENDIF
3957	ENDIF
3958	ENDDO
3959	ENDDO
3960
3961	DO l = 0, 3
3962	surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement = pavement_depth_level
3963	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
3964	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
3965	surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(m) = nzt_pavement
3966	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = z0_pavement
3967	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = z0h_pavement
3968	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = z0q_pavement
3969	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = pavement_heat_conduct &
3970	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
3971	* 2.0_wp
3972	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = pavement_heat_conduct &
3973	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
3974	* 2.0_wp
3975	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = pavement_heat_capacity &
3976	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) &
3977	* 0.25_wp
3978
3979	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_pav_green) = albedo_type
3980	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_pav_green) = emissivity
3981
3982	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type(m) = pavement_type
3983	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type_name(m) = pavement_type_name(pavement_type)
3984
3985	IF ( pavement_type /= 0 ) THEN
3986	DO k = nzb_soil, surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(m)
3987	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h_def(k,m) = &
3988	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,pavement_type)
3989	surf_lsm_v(l)%rho_c_total_def(k,m) = &
3990	pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,pavement_type)
3991	ENDDO
3992	ELSE
3993	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h_def(:,m) = pavement_heat_conduct
3994	surf_lsm_v(l)%rho_c_total_def(:,m) = pavement_heat_capacity
3995	ENDIF
3996	ENDIF
3997	ENDDO
3998	ENDDO
3999	!
4000	!-- Level 2 initialization of pavement type surfaces via pavement_type read
4001	!-- from file. Pavement surfaces are initialized for each (y,x)-grid point
4002	!-- individually.
4003	IF ( pavement_type_f%from_file ) THEN
4004	!
4005	!-- Horizontal surfaces
4006	DO l = 0, 1
4007	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4008	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4009	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4010
4011	st = pavement_type_f%var(j,i)
4012	IF ( st /= pavement_type_f%fill .AND. st /= 0 ) THEN
4013	!
4014	!-- Determine deepmost index of pavement layer
4015	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4016	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,st) == 9999999.9_wp &
4017	.OR. pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,st) == 9999999.9_wp) &
4018	THEN
4019	surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(m) = k-1
4020	EXIT
4021	ENDIF
4022	ENDDO
4023
4024	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0,st)
4025	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0h,st)
4026	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0h,st)
4027
4028	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
4029	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(0,st) &
4030	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4031	* 2.0_wp
4032	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
4033	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(0,st) &
4034	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4035	* 2.0_wp
4036	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = &
4037	pavement_subsurface_pars_2(0,st)&
4038	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4039	* 0.25_wp
4040	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_pav_green) = INT( pavement_pars(ind_p_at,st) )
4041	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_pav_green) = pavement_pars(ind_p_emis,st)
4042
4043	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type(m) = st
4044	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_type_name(m) = pavement_type_name(st)
4045
4046	DO k = nzb_soil, surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(m)
4047	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h_def(k,m) = &
4048	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,pavement_type)
4049	surf_lsm_h(l)%rho_c_total_def(k,m) = &
4050	pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,pavement_type)
4051	ENDDO
4052	ENDIF
4053	ENDDO
4054	ENDDO
4055	!
4056	!-- Vertical surfaces
4057	DO l = 0, 3
4058	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4059	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
4060	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4061	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
4062	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4063
4064	st = pavement_type_f%var(j,i)
4065	IF ( st /= pavement_type_f%fill .AND. st /= 0 ) THEN
4066	!
4067	!-- Determine deepmost index of pavement layer
4068	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4069	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,st) == 9999999.9_wp &
4070	.OR. pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,st) == 9999999.9_wp) &
4071	THEN
4072	surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(m) = k-1
4073	EXIT
4074	ENDIF
4075	ENDDO
4076
4077	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0,st)
4078	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0h,st)
4079	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = pavement_pars(ind_p_z0h,st)
4080
4081	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
4082	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(0,st) &
4083	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4084	* 2.0_wp
4085	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
4086	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(0,st) &
4087	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4088	* 2.0_wp
4089
4090	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = &
4091	pavement_subsurface_pars_2(0,st) &
4092	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4093	* 0.25_wp
4094	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_pav_green) = &
4095	INT( pavement_pars(ind_p_at,st) )
4096	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_pav_green) = &
4097	pavement_pars(ind_p_emis,st)
4098
4099	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type(m) = st
4100	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_type_name(m) = pavement_type_name(st)
4101
4102	DO k = nzb_soil, surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(m)
4103	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h_def(k,m) = &
4104	pavement_subsurface_pars_1(k,pavement_type)
4105	surf_lsm_v(l)%rho_c_total_def(k,m) = &
4106	pavement_subsurface_pars_2(k,pavement_type)
4107	ENDDO
4108	ENDIF
4109	ENDDO
4110	ENDDO
4111	ENDIF
4112	!
4113	!-- Level 3, initialization of pavement parameters at single (x,y)
4114	!-- position via pavement_pars read from file.
4115	IF ( pavement_pars_f%from_file ) THEN
4116	!
4117	!-- Horizontal surfaces
4118	DO l = 0, 1
4119	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4120	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4121	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4122	!
4123	!-- If surface element is not a pavement surface and any value in
4124	!-- pavement_pars is given, neglect this information and give an
4125	!-- informative message that this value will not be used.
4126	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
4127	ANY( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(:,j,i) /= &
4128	pavement_pars_f%fill ) ) THEN
4129	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
4130	'surface element at grid point (j,i) = (', &
4131	j, i, ') is not a pavement surface, ', &
4132	'so that information given in ', &
4133	'pavement_pars at this point is neglected.'
4134	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0647', 0, 0, myid, 6, 0 )
4135	ELSE
4136	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0,j,i) /= &
4137	pavement_pars_f%fill ) &
4138	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0,j,i)
4139	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0h,j,i) /= &
4140	pavement_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4141	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0h,j,i)
4142	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0h,j,i)
4143	ENDIF
4144	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_at,j,i) /= &
4145	pavement_pars_f%fill ) &
4146	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_pav_green) = &
4147	INT( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_at,j,i) )
4148	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_emis,j,i) /= &
4149	pavement_pars_f%fill ) &
4150	surf_lsm_h(l)%emissivity(m,ind_pav_green) = &
4151	pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_emis,j,i)
4152	ENDIF
4153	ENDDO
4154	ENDDO
4155	!
4156	!-- Vertical surfaces
4157	DO l = 0, 3
4158	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4159	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
4160	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4161	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
4162	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4163	!
4164	!-- If surface element is not a pavement surface and any value in
4165	!-- pavement_pars is given, neglect this information and give an
4166	!-- informative message that this value will not be used.
4167	IF ( .NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
4168	ANY( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(:,j,i) /= &
4169	pavement_pars_f%fill ) ) THEN
4170	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
4171	'surface element at grid point (j,i) = (', &
4172	j, i, ') is not a pavement surface, ', &
4173	'so that information given in ', &
4174	'pavement_pars at this point is neglected.'
4175	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0647', 0, 0, myid, 6, 0 )
4176	ELSE
4177	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0,j,i) /= &
4178	pavement_pars_f%fill ) &
4179	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0,j,i)
4180	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0h,j,i) /= &
4181	pavement_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4182	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0h,j,i)
4183	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_z0h,j,i)
4184	ENDIF
4185	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_at,j,i) /= &
4186	pavement_pars_f%fill ) &
4187	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,ind_pav_green) = &
4188	INT( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_at,j,i) )
4189
4190	IF ( pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_emis,j,i) /= &
4191	pavement_pars_f%fill ) &
4192	surf_lsm_v(l)%emissivity(m,ind_pav_green) = &
4193	pavement_pars_f%pars_xy(ind_p_emis,j,i)
4194	ENDIF
4195	ENDDO
4196	ENDDO
4197	ENDIF
4198	!
4199	!-- Moreover, for grid points which are flagged with pavement-type 0 or whre
4200	!-- pavement_subsurface_pars_f is provided, soil heat conductivity and
4201	!-- capacity are initialized with parameters given in
4202	!-- pavement_subsurface_pars read from file.
4203	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%from_file ) THEN
4204	!
4205	!-- Set pavement depth to nzt_soil. Please note, this is just a
4206	!-- workaround at the moment.
4207	DO l = 0, 1
4208	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4209	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4210
4211	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4212	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4213
4214	surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(m) = nzt_soil
4215
4216	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i) &
4217	/= pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4218	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
4219	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i)&
4220	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4221	* 2.0_wp
4222	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
4223	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i)&
4224	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4225	* 2.0_wp
4226	ENDIF
4227	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,0,j,i) /= &
4228	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4229	surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(m) = &
4230	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,0,j,i) &
4231	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4232	* 0.25_wp
4233	ENDIF
4234
4235	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4236	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,k,j,i) /= &
4237	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4238	surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_h_def(k,m) = &
4239	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,k,j,i)
4240	ENDIF
4241	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,k,j,i) /= &
4242	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4243	surf_lsm_h(l)%rho_c_total_def(k,m) = &
4244	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,k,j,i)
4245	ENDIF
4246	ENDDO
4247
4248	ENDIF
4249	ENDDO
4250	ENDDO
4251	DO l = 0, 3
4252	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4253	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4254
4255	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
4256	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4257	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
4258	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4259
4260	surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(m) = nzt_soil
4261
4262	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i) &
4263	/= pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4264	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(m) = &
4265	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i) &
4266	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4267	* 2.0_wp
4268	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(m) = &
4269	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i) &
4270	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4271	* 2.0_wp
4272	ENDIF
4273	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,0,j,i) &
4274	/= pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4275	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(m) = &
4276	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,0,j,i) &
4277	* dz_soil(nzb_soil) &
4278	* 0.25_wp
4279	ENDIF
4280
4281	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4282	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,0,j,i) &
4283	/= pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4284	surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_h_def(k,m) = &
4285	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_lambda_h,k,j,i)
4286	ENDIF
4287	IF ( pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,0,j,i) &
4288	/= pavement_subsurface_pars_f%fill ) THEN
4289	surf_lsm_v(l)%rho_c_total_def(k,m) = &
4290	pavement_subsurface_pars_f%pars_xyz(ind_p_rho_c,k,j,i)
4291	ENDIF
4292	ENDDO
4293
4294	ENDIF
4295	ENDDO
4296	ENDDO
4297	ENDIF
4298	!
4299	!-- Initialize albedo type via given type from static input file. Please note, even though
4300	!-- the albedo type has been already given by the pars, albedo_type overwrites these values.
4301	IF ( albedo_type_f%from_file ) THEN
4302	DO l = 0, 1
4303	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4304	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4305	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4306	IF ( albedo_type_f%var(j,i) /= albedo_type_f%fill ) &
4307	surf_lsm_h(l)%albedo_type(m,:) = albedo_type_f%var(j,i)
4308	ENDDO
4309	ENDDO
4310	DO l = 0, 3
4311	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4312	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
4313	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4314	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
4315	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
4316	IF ( albedo_type_f%var(j,i) /= albedo_type_f%fill ) &
4317	surf_lsm_v(l)%albedo_type(m,:) = albedo_type_f%var(j,i)
4318	ENDDO
4319	ENDDO
4320	ENDIF
4321	!
4322	!-- Initial run actions
4323	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
4324	!
4325	!-- First, initialize soil temperature and moisture.
4326	!-- According to the initialization for surface and soil parameters,
4327	!-- initialize soil moisture and temperature via a level approach. This
4328	!-- is to assure that all surface elements are initialized, even if
4329	!-- data provided from input file contains fill values at some locations.
4330	!-- Level 1, initialization via profiles given in parameter file
4331	DO l = 0, 1
4332	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4333	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4334	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4335	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4336	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(k,m) = soil_temperature(k)
4337	m_soil_h(l)%var_2d(k,m) = soil_moisture(k)
4338	ENDDO
4339	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil+1,m) = deep_soil_temperature
4340	ENDIF
4341	ENDDO
4342	ENDDO
4343	DO l = 0, 3
4344	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4345	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4346	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4347	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4348	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(k,m) = soil_temperature(k)
4349	m_soil_v(l)%var_2d(k,m) = soil_moisture(k)
4350	ENDDO
4351	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil+1,m) = deep_soil_temperature
4352	ENDIF
4353	ENDDO
4354	ENDDO
4355	!
4356	!-- Level 2 initialization of the soil, read soil properties from
4357	!-- dynamic input file.
4358	IF ( input_pids_dynamic ) THEN
4359	!
4360	!-- CPU measurement
4361	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(85), 'NetCDF input init', 'start' )
4362	#if defined ( __netcdf )
4363	!
4364	!-- Open file in read-only mode
4365	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_dynamic ) // &
4366	TRIM( coupling_char ), pids_id )
4367	!
4368	!-- Inquire all variable names
4369	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
4370	!
4371	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names.
4372	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
4373	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
4374	!
4375	!-- Read vertical dimension for soil depth.
4376	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'zsoil' ) ) &
4377	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, init_3d%nzs, 'zsoil' )
4378	!
4379	!-- Read also the horizontal dimensions required for soil initialization.
4380	!-- Please note, in case of non-nested runs or in case of root domain,
4381	!-- these data is already available, but will be read again for the sake
4382	!-- of clearness.
4383	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, init_3d%nx, 'x' )
4384	CALL get_dimension_length( pids_id, init_3d%ny, 'y' )
4385	!
4386	!-- Check for correct horizontal and vertical dimension. Please note,
4387	!-- in case of non-nested runs or in case of root domain, these checks
4388	!-- are already performed
4389	IF ( init_3d%nx-1 /= nx .OR. init_3d%ny-1 /= ny ) THEN
4390	message_string = 'Number of horizontal grid points in '// &
4391	'dynamic input file does not match ' // &
4392	'the number of numeric grid points.'
4393	CALL message( 'lsm_init', 'PA0543', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
4394	ENDIF
4395	!
4396	!-- Read vertical dimensions. Later, these are required for eventual
4397	!-- inter- and extrapolations of the initialization data.
4398	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'zsoil' ) ) THEN
4399	ALLOCATE( init_3d%z_soil(1:init_3d%nzs) )
4400	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'zsoil', init_3d%z_soil )
4401	ENDIF
4402	!
4403	!-- Read initial data for soil moisture
4404	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'init_soil_m' ) ) THEN
4405	!
4406	!-- Read attributes for the fill value and level-of-detail
4407	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, &
4408	init_3d%fill_msoil, &
4409	.FALSE., 'init_soil_m' )
4410	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, &
4411	init_3d%lod_msoil, &
4412	.FALSE., 'init_soil_m' )
4413	!
4414	!-- level-of-detail 1 - read initialization profile
4415	IF ( init_3d%lod_msoil == 1 ) THEN
4416	ALLOCATE( init_3d%msoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4417
4418	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'init_soil_m', &
4419	init_3d%msoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4420	!
4421	!-- level-of-detail 2 - read 3D initialization data
4422	ELSEIF ( init_3d%lod_msoil == 2 ) THEN
4423	ALLOCATE ( init_3d%msoil_3d(0:init_3d%nzs-1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
4424
4425	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'init_soil_m', &
4426	init_3d%msoil_3d(0:init_3d%nzs-1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr),&
4427	nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, 0, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4428
4429	ENDIF
4430	init_3d%from_file_msoil = .TRUE.
4431	ENDIF
4432	!
4433	!-- Read soil temperature
4434	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'init_soil_t' ) ) THEN
4435	!
4436	!-- Read attributes for the fill value and level-of-detail
4437	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, &
4438	init_3d%fill_tsoil, &
4439	.FALSE., 'init_soil_t' )
4440	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_lod, &
4441	init_3d%lod_tsoil, &
4442	.FALSE., 'init_soil_t' )
4443	!
4444	!-- level-of-detail 1 - read initialization profile
4445	IF ( init_3d%lod_tsoil == 1 ) THEN
4446	ALLOCATE( init_3d%tsoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4447
4448	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'init_soil_t', &
4449	init_3d%tsoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4450
4451	!
4452	!-- level-of-detail 2 - read 3D initialization data
4453	ELSEIF ( init_3d%lod_tsoil == 2 ) THEN
4454	ALLOCATE ( init_3d%tsoil_3d(0:init_3d%nzs-1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
4455
4456	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'init_soil_t', &
4457	init_3d%tsoil_3d(0:init_3d%nzs-1,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr),&
4458	nxl, nxr, nys, nyn, 0, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4459	ENDIF
4460	init_3d%from_file_tsoil = .TRUE.
4461	ENDIF
4462	!
4463	!-- Close the input file and deallocate temporary arrays
4464	DEALLOCATE( vars_pids )
4465
4466	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
4467	#endif
4468	!
4469	!-- End of CPU measurement
4470	CALL cpu_log( log_point_s(85), 'NetCDF input init', 'stop' )
4471	ENDIF
4472	!
4473	!-- In case no dynamic input is available for a child domain but the
4474	!-- parent is initialized with dynamic input file, the different soil
4475	!-- states can lead to significant discrepancies in the atmospheric
4476	!-- surface forcing. For this reason, the child domain is initialized with
4477	!-- domain-averaged soil profiles from the root domain, even if
4478	!-- no initialization with inifor is set. Note, as long as a dynamic
4479	!-- input file with soil information is available for the child domain,
4480	!-- the input file information will be used.
4481	IF ( nested_run ) THEN
4482	#if defined( __parallel )
4483	!
4484	!-- Check if soil moisture and temperature in the root model are
4485	!-- initialized from dynamic input. This case, distribute these
4486	!-- information to its child domain(s).
4487	IF ( pmc_is_rootmodel() ) THEN
4488	init_msoil_from_driver_root = init_3d%from_file_msoil
4489	init_tsoil_from_driver_root = init_3d%from_file_tsoil
4490	ENDIF
4491
4492	CALL MPI_BCAST( init_msoil_from_driver_root, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
4493	0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
4494	CALL MPI_BCAST( init_tsoil_from_driver_root, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
4495	0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
4496	!
4497	!-- In case of a nested run, first average the soil profiles in the
4498	!-- root domain.
4499	IF ( init_msoil_from_driver_root .OR. &
4500	init_tsoil_from_driver_root ) THEN
4501
4502	IF ( pmc_is_rootmodel() ) THEN
4503	!
4504	!-- Child domains will be only initialized with horizontally
4505	!-- averaged soil profiles in parent domain (for sake of simplicity).
4506	!-- If required, average soil data on root parent domain before the
4507	!-- soil profiles are distributed onto the child domains.
4508	!-- Start with soil moisture.
4509	IF ( init_3d%from_file_msoil .AND. &
4510	init_3d%lod_msoil == 2 ) THEN
4511	ALLOCATE( pr_soil_init(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4512	DO k = 0, init_3d%nzs-1
4513	pr_soil_init(k) = SUM( init_3d%msoil_3d(k,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
4514	ENDDO
4515	!
4516	!-- Allocate 1D array for soil-moisture profile (will not be
4517	!-- allocated in lod==2 case).
4518	ALLOCATE( init_3d%msoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4519	init_3d%msoil_1d = 0.0_wp
4520	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( pr_soil_init(0), init_3d%msoil_1d(0),&
4521	SIZE(pr_soil_init), &
4522	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
4523
4524	init_3d%msoil_1d = init_3d%msoil_1d / &
4525	REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1), KIND=wp )
4526	DEALLOCATE( pr_soil_init )
4527	ENDIF
4528	!
4529	!-- Proceed with soil temperature.
4530	IF ( init_3d%from_file_tsoil .AND. &
4531	init_3d%lod_tsoil == 2 ) THEN
4532	ALLOCATE( pr_soil_init(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4533
4534	DO k = 0, init_3d%nzs-1
4535	pr_soil_init(k) = SUM( init_3d%tsoil_3d(k,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
4536	ENDDO
4537	!
4538	!-- Allocate 1D array for soil-temperature profile (will not be
4539	!-- allocated in lod==2 case).
4540	ALLOCATE( init_3d%tsoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4541	init_3d%tsoil_1d = 0.0_wp
4542	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( pr_soil_init(0), init_3d%tsoil_1d(0),&
4543	SIZE(pr_soil_init), &
4544	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
4545	init_3d%tsoil_1d = init_3d%tsoil_1d / &
4546	REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1), KIND=wp )
4547	DEALLOCATE( pr_soil_init )
4548
4549	ENDIF
4550	ENDIF
4551	!
4552	!-- Broadcast number of soil layers in root model to all childs.
4553	!-- Note, only process 0 in COMM_WORLD is sending.
4554	IF ( pmc_is_rootmodel() ) nzs_root = init_3d%nzs
4555
4556	CALL MPI_BCAST( nzs_root, 1, MPI_INTEGER, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
4557	!
4558	!-- Allocate dummy arrays for soil moisture and temperature profiles
4559	!-- on all domains.
4560	ALLOCATE( z_soil_root(1:nzs_root) )
4561	IF ( init_msoil_from_driver_root ) &
4562	ALLOCATE( m_soil_root(0:nzs_root-1) )
4563	IF ( init_tsoil_from_driver_root ) &
4564	ALLOCATE( t_soil_root(0:nzs_root-1) )
4565	!
4566	!-- Distribute the mean soil profiles to all child domains.
4567	IF ( pmc_is_rootmodel() ) THEN
4568	z_soil_root = init_3d%z_soil
4569	IF ( init_msoil_from_driver_root ) &
4570	m_soil_root = init_3d%msoil_1d
4571	IF ( init_tsoil_from_driver_root ) &
4572	t_soil_root = init_3d%tsoil_1d
4573	ENDIF
4574
4575	CALL MPI_BCAST( z_soil_root, SIZE( z_soil_root ), &
4576	MPI_REAL, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
4577
4578	IF ( init_msoil_from_driver_root ) &
4579	CALL MPI_BCAST( m_soil_root, SIZE( m_soil_root ), &
4580	MPI_REAL, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
4581
4582	IF ( init_msoil_from_driver_root ) &
4583	CALL MPI_BCAST( t_soil_root, SIZE( t_soil_root ), &
4584	MPI_REAL, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
4585	!
4586	!-- In the following, the child domains decide whether they take
4587	!-- the information from the root domain or not.
4588	IF ( .NOT. pmc_is_rootmodel() ) THEN
4589	!
4590	!-- If soil moisture or temperature isn't in dynamic input file for
4591	!-- the child, take the information provided from the root model.
4592	!-- Start with z-dimension
4593	IF ( .NOT. init_3d%from_file_msoil .OR. &
4594	.NOT. init_3d%from_file_msoil ) THEN
4595	init_3d%nzs = nzs_root
4596	ALLOCATE( init_3d%z_soil(1:init_3d%nzs) )
4597	init_3d%z_soil(1:init_3d%nzs) = z_soil_root
4598	ENDIF
4599	!
4600	!-- Take soil moisture. Note, control flags from_file... and LoD
4601	!-- need to be set.
4602	IF ( .NOT. init_3d%from_file_msoil ) THEN
4603	ALLOCATE( init_3d%msoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4604	init_3d%lod_msoil = 1
4605	init_3d%from_file_msoil = .TRUE.
4606
4607	init_3d%msoil_1d = m_soil_root
4608	ENDIF
4609	!
4610	!-- Take soil temperature. Note, control flags from_file... and LoD
4611	!-- need to be set.
4612	IF ( .NOT. init_3d%from_file_tsoil ) THEN
4613	ALLOCATE( init_3d%tsoil_1d(0:init_3d%nzs-1) )
4614	init_3d%lod_tsoil = 1
4615	init_3d%from_file_tsoil = .TRUE.
4616
4617	init_3d%tsoil_1d = t_soil_root
4618	ENDIF
4619	ENDIF
4620
4621	DEALLOCATE( z_soil_root )
4622	DEALLOCATE( m_soil_root )
4623	DEALLOCATE( t_soil_root )
4624	ENDIF
4625	#endif
4626	ENDIF
4627	!
4628	!-- Proceed with Level 2 initialization.
4629	IF ( init_3d%from_file_msoil ) THEN
4630
4631	IF ( init_3d%lod_msoil == 1 ) THEN
4632	DO l = 0, 1
4633	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4634	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4635	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4636
4637	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4638	m_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m),&
4639	init_3d%msoil_1d(:), &
4640	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4641	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4642	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4643	ENDIF
4644	ENDDO
4645	ENDDO
4646	DO l = 0, 3
4647	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4648	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4649	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4650	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4651	m_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m),&
4652	init_3d%msoil_1d(:), &
4653	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4654	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4655	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4656	ENDIF
4657	ENDDO
4658	ENDDO
4659	ELSE
4660	DO l = 0, 1
4661	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4662	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4663	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4664	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4665	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4666
4667	IF ( init_3d%msoil_3d(0,j,i) /= init_3d%fill_msoil ) &
4668	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4669	m_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m),&
4670	init_3d%msoil_3d(:,j,i), &
4671	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4672	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4673	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4674	ENDIF
4675	ENDDO
4676	ENDDO
4677	DO l = 0, 3
4678	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4679	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4680	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4681	!
4682	!-- Note, in contrast to the static input data the dynamic
4683	!-- input do not need to be checked whether a grid point
4684	!-- is building covered. This is because soil data in the
4685	!-- dynamic input is provided for the whole domain.
4686	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
4687	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
4688
4689	IF ( init_3d%msoil_3d(0,j,i) /= init_3d%fill_msoil ) &
4690	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4691	m_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m),&
4692	init_3d%msoil_3d(:,j,i), &
4693	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4694	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4695	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4696	ENDIF
4697	ENDDO
4698	ENDDO
4699	ENDIF
4700	ENDIF
4701	!
4702	!-- Soil temperature
4703	IF ( init_3d%from_file_tsoil ) THEN
4704
4705	IF ( init_3d%lod_tsoil == 1 ) THEN ! change to 1 if provided correctly by INIFOR
4706	DO l = 0, 1
4707	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4708	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4709	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4710	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4711	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m), &
4712	init_3d%tsoil_1d(:), &
4713	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4714	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4715	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4716	!
4717	!-- Set boundary condition, i.e. deep soil temperature
4718	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil+1,m) = t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil,m)
4719	ENDIF
4720	ENDDO
4721	ENDDO
4722	DO l = 0, 3
4723	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4724	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4725	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4726	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4727	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m),&
4728	init_3d%tsoil_1d(:), &
4729	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4730	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4731	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4732	!
4733	!-- Set boundary condition, i.e. deep soil temperature
4734	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil+1,m) = &
4735	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil,m)
4736	ENDIF
4737	ENDDO
4738	ENDDO
4739	ELSE
4740	DO l = 0, 1
4741	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4742	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4743	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4744	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4745	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4746
4747	IF ( init_3d%tsoil_3d(0,j,i) /= init_3d%fill_tsoil ) &
4748	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4749	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m), &
4750	init_3d%tsoil_3d(:,j,i), &
4751	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4752	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4753	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4754	!
4755	!-- Set boundary condition, i.e. deep soil temperature
4756	t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil+1,m) = t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil,m)
4757	ENDIF
4758	ENDDO
4759	ENDDO
4760	DO l = 0, 3
4761	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4762	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4763	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4764	!
4765	!-- Note, in contrast to the static input data the dynamic
4766	!-- input do not need to be checked whether a grid point
4767	!-- is building covered. This is because soil data in the
4768	!-- dynamic input is provided for the whole domain.
4769	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
4770	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
4771
4772	IF ( init_3d%tsoil_3d(0,j,i) /= init_3d%fill_tsoil ) &
4773	CALL interpolate_soil_profile( &
4774	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m),&
4775	init_3d%tsoil_3d(:,j,i), &
4776	zs(nzb_soil:nzt_soil), init_3d%z_soil, &
4777	nzb_soil, nzt_soil, &
4778	nzb_soil, init_3d%nzs-1 )
4779	!
4780	!-- Set boundary condition, i.e. deep soil temperature
4781	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil+1,m) = &
4782	t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzt_soil,m)
4783	ENDIF
4784	ENDDO
4785	ENDDO
4786	ENDIF
4787	ENDIF
4788	!
4789	!-- After soil moisture and temperature are finally initialized, check
4790	!-- if soil moisture is higher than its saturation value. If this would
4791	!-- be the case, the soil model parametrization will produce floating
4792	!-- point errors. Hence, limit the soil moisture to its saturation value
4793	!-- and give a warning.
4794	DO l = 0, 1
4795	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4796	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4797	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4798	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4799	IF ( m_soil_h(l)%var_2d(k,m) > surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(k,m) ) THEN
4800	m_soil_h(l)%var_2d(k,m) = surf_lsm_h(l)%m_sat(k,m)
4801	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'soil moisture is higher '// &
4802	'than its saturation value at (k,j,i) ', k, &
4803	surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m), surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m), ' and is ' // &
4804	'thus limited to this value to maintain stability.'
4805	CALL message( 'lsm_init', 'PA0458', 0, 1, myid, 6, 0 )
4806	ENDIF
4807	ENDDO
4808	ENDIF
4809	ENDDO
4810	ENDDO
4811	DO l = 0, 3
4812	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4813	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) .OR. &
4814	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) ) THEN
4815	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4816	IF ( m_soil_v(l)%var_2d(k,m) > surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(k,m) )&
4817	THEN
4818	m_soil_v(l)%var_2d(k,m) = surf_lsm_v(l)%m_sat(k,m)
4819	WRITE( message_string, * ) &
4820	'soil moisture is higher '// &
4821	'than its saturation value at (k,j,i) ', k, &
4822	surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m), surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m), &
4823	' and is ' // &
4824	'thus limited to this value to maintain stability.'
4825	CALL message( 'lsm_init', 'PA0458', 0, 1, myid, 6, 0 )
4826	ENDIF
4827	ENDDO
4828	ENDIF
4829	ENDDO
4830	ENDDO
4831
4832	!
4833	!-- Further initialization
4834	DO l = 0, 1
4835	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4836
4837	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
4838	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
4839	k = surf_lsm_h(l)%k(m)
4840	!
4841	!-- Initialize surface temperature with soil temperature in the uppermost
4842	!-- uppermost layer
4843	t_surface_h(l)%var_1d(m) = t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil,m)
4844	surf_lsm_h(l)%pt_surface(m) = t_soil_h(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) / exner(nzb)
4845
4846	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
4847	surf_lsm_h(l)%pt1(m) = pt(k,j,i) + lv_d_cp * d_exner(k) * ql(k,j,i)
4848	ELSE
4849	surf_lsm_h(l)%pt1(m) = pt(k,j,i)
4850	ENDIF
4851	!
4852	!-- Assure that r_a cannot be zero at model start
4853	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%pt1(m) == surf_lsm_h(l)%pt_surface(m) ) &
4854	surf_lsm_h(l)%pt1(m) = surf_lsm_h(l)%pt1(m) + 1.0E-20_wp
4855
4856	surf_lsm_h(l)%us(m) = 0.1_wp
4857	surf_lsm_h(l)%ts(m) = ( surf_lsm_h(l)%pt1(m) - surf_lsm_h(l)%pt_surface(m) )&
4858	/ surf_lsm_h(l)%r_a(m)
4859	surf_lsm_h(l)%shf(m) = - surf_lsm_h(l)%us(m) * surf_lsm_h(l)%ts(m) &
4860	* rho_surface
4861	ENDDO
4862	ENDDO
4863	!
4864	!-- Vertical surfaces
4865	DO l = 0, 3
4866	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4867	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
4868	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
4869	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
4870	!
4871	!-- Initialize surface temperature with soil temperature in the uppermost
4872	!-- uppermost layer
4873	t_surface_v(l)%var_1d(m) = t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil,m)
4874	surf_lsm_v(l)%pt_surface(m) = t_soil_v(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) / exner(nzb)
4875
4876	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
4877	surf_lsm_v(l)%pt1(m) = pt(k,j,i) + lv_d_cp * d_exner(k) * ql(k,j,i)
4878	ELSE
4879	surf_lsm_v(l)%pt1(m) = pt(k,j,i)
4880	ENDIF
4881
4882	!
4883	!-- Assure that r_a cannot be zero at model start
4884	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%pt1(m) == surf_lsm_v(l)%pt_surface(m) ) &
4885	surf_lsm_v(l)%pt1(m) = surf_lsm_v(l)%pt1(m) + 1.0E-20_wp
4886	!
4887	!-- Set artifical values for ts and us so that r_a has its initial value
4888	!-- for the first time step. Only for interior core domain, not for ghost points
4889	surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m) = 0.1_wp
4890	surf_lsm_v(l)%ts(m) = ( surf_lsm_v(l)%pt1(m) - surf_lsm_v(l)%pt_surface(m) ) /&
4891	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_a(m)
4892	surf_lsm_v(l)%shf(m) = - surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m) * &
4893	surf_lsm_v(l)%ts(m) * rho_surface
4894
4895	ENDDO
4896	ENDDO
4897	ENDIF
4898	!
4899	!-- Level 1 initialization of root distribution - provided by the user via
4900	!-- via namelist.
4901	DO l = 0, 1
4902	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4903	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4904	surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(k,m) = root_fraction(k)
4905	ENDDO
4906	ENDDO
4907	ENDDO
4908
4909	DO l = 0, 3
4910	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4911	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4912	surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(k,m) = root_fraction(k)
4913	ENDDO
4914	ENDDO
4915	ENDDO
4916
4917	!
4918	!-- Level 2 initialization of root distribution.
4919	!-- When no root distribution is given by the user, use look-up table to prescribe
4920	!-- the root fraction in the individual soil layers.
4921	IF ( ALL( root_fraction == 9999999.9_wp ) ) THEN
4922	!
4923	!-- First, calculate the index bounds for integration
4924	n_soil_layers_total = nzt_soil - nzb_soil + 6
4925	ALLOCATE ( bound(0:n_soil_layers_total) )
4926	ALLOCATE ( bound_root_fr(0:n_soil_layers_total) )
4927
4928	kn = 0
4929	ko = 0
4930	bound(0) = 0.0_wp
4931	DO k = 1, n_soil_layers_total-1
4932	IF ( zs_layer(kn) <= zs_ref(ko) ) THEN
4933	bound(k) = zs_layer(kn)
4934	bound_root_fr(k) = ko
4935	kn = kn + 1
4936	IF ( kn > nzt_soil+1 ) THEN
4937	kn = nzt_soil
4938	ENDIF
4939	ELSE
4940	bound(k) = zs_ref(ko)
4941	bound_root_fr(k) = ko
4942	ko = ko + 1
4943	IF ( ko > 3 ) THEN
4944	ko = 3
4945	ENDIF
4946	ENDIF
4947
4948	ENDDO
4949
4950	!
4951	!-- Integrate over all soil layers based on the four-layer root fraction
4952	kzs = 1
4953	root_fraction = 0.0_wp
4954	DO k = 0, n_soil_layers_total-2
4955	kroot = bound_root_fr(k+1)
4956	root_fraction(kzs-1) = root_fraction(kzs-1) &
4957	+ root_distribution(kroot,vegetation_type) &
4958	/ dz_soil_ref(kroot) * ( bound(k+1) - bound(k) )
4959
4960	IF ( bound(k+1) == zs_layer(kzs-1) ) THEN
4961	kzs = kzs+1
4962	ENDIF
4963	ENDDO
4964
4965
4966	!
4967	!-- Normalize so that the sum of all fractions equals one
4968	root_fraction = root_fraction / SUM(root_fraction)
4969
4970	DEALLOCATE ( bound )
4971	DEALLOCATE ( bound_root_fr )
4972
4973	!
4974	!-- Map calculated root fractions
4975	DO l = 0, 1
4976	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
4977	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4978	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
4979	k <= surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(m) ) THEN
4980	surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(k,m) = 0.0_wp
4981	ELSE
4982	surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(k,m) = root_fraction(k)
4983	ENDIF
4984
4985	ENDDO
4986	!
4987	!-- Normalize so that the sum = 1. Only relevant when the root
4988	!-- distribution was set to zero due to pavement at some layers.
4989	IF ( SUM( surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(:,m) ) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
4990	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
4991	surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(k,m) = surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(k,m) &
4992	/ SUM( surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(:,m) )
4993	ENDDO
4994	ENDIF
4995	ENDDO
4996	ENDDO
4997	DO l = 0, 3
4998	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
4999	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5000	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
5001	k <= surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(m) ) THEN
5002	surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(k,m) = 0.0_wp
5003	ELSE
5004	surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(k,m) = root_fraction(k)
5005	ENDIF
5006	ENDDO
5007	!
5008	!-- Normalize so that the sum = 1. Only relevant when the root
5009	!-- distribution was set to zero due to pavement at some layers.
5010	IF ( SUM( surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(:,m) ) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
5011	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5012	surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(k,m) = surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(k,m) &
5013	/ SUM( surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(:,m) )
5014	ENDDO
5015	ENDIF
5016	ENDDO
5017	ENDDO
5018	ENDIF
5019	!
5020	!-- Level 3 initialization of root distribution.
5021	!-- Take value from file
5022	IF ( root_area_density_lsm_f%from_file ) THEN
5023	DO l = 0, 1
5024	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
5025	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(m) ) THEN
5026	i = surf_lsm_h(l)%i(m)
5027	j = surf_lsm_h(l)%j(m)
5028	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5029	surf_lsm_h(l)%root_fr(k,m) = root_area_density_lsm_f%var(k,j,i)
5030	ENDDO
5031
5032	ENDIF
5033	ENDDO
5034	ENDDO
5035	DO l = 0, 3
5036	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
5037	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(m) ) THEN
5038	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%ioff, &
5039	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
5040	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m) + MERGE( 0, surf_lsm_v(l)%joff, &
5041	surf_lsm_v(l)%building_covered(m) )
5042
5043	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5044	surf_lsm_v(l)%root_fr(k,m) = root_area_density_lsm_f%var(k,j,i)
5045	ENDDO
5046
5047	ENDIF
5048	ENDDO
5049	ENDDO
5050
5051	ENDIF
5052
5053	!
5054	!-- Possibly do user-defined actions (e.g. define heterogeneous land surface)
5055	CALL user_init_land_surface
5056
5057
5058	!
5059	!-- Calculate new roughness lengths (for water surfaces only, i.e. only
5060	!- horizontal surfaces)
5061	IF ( .NOT. constant_roughness ) CALL calc_z0_water_surface
5062
5063	t_soil_h_p = t_soil_h
5064	m_soil_h_p = m_soil_h
5065	m_liq_h_p = m_liq_h
5066	t_surface_h_p = t_surface_h
5067
5068	t_soil_v_p = t_soil_v
5069	m_soil_v_p = m_soil_v
5070	m_liq_v_p = m_liq_v
5071	t_surface_v_p = t_surface_v
5072
5073
5074
5075	!-- Store initial profiles of t_soil and m_soil (assuming they are
5076	!-- horizontally homogeneous on this PE)
5077	!-- DEACTIVATED FOR NOW - leads to error when number of locations with
5078	!-- soil model is zero on a PE.
5079	! hom(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1,90,:) = SPREAD( t_soil_h%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1), &
5080	! 2, statistic_regions+1 )
5081	! hom(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1,92,:) = SPREAD( m_soil_h%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1), &
5082	! 2, statistic_regions+1 )
5083
5084	!
5085	!-- Finally, make some consistency checks.
5086	!-- Ceck for illegal combination of LAI and vegetation coverage.
5087	DO l = 0, 1
5088	IF ( ANY( .NOT. surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface .AND. &
5089	surf_lsm_h(l)%lai == 0.0_wp .AND. surf_lsm_h(l)%c_veg == 1.0_wp ) &
5090	) THEN
5091	message_string = 'For non-pavement surfaces the combination ' // &
5092	' lai = 0.0 and c_veg = 1.0 is not allowed.'
5093	CALL message( 'lsm_init', 'PA0671', 2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
5094	ENDIF
5095	ENDDO
5096	DO l = 0, 3
5097	IF ( ANY( .NOT. surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface .AND. &
5098	surf_lsm_v(l)%lai == 0.0_wp .AND. &
5099	surf_lsm_v(l)%c_veg == 1.0_wp ) ) THEN
5100	message_string = 'For non-pavement surfaces the combination ' // &
5101	' lai = 0.0 and c_veg = 1.0 is not allowed.'
5102	CALL message( 'lsm_init', 'PA0671', 2, 2, myid, 6, 0 )
5103	ENDIF
5104	ENDDO
5105	!
5106	!-- Check if roughness length for momentum, heat, or moisture exceed
5107	!-- surface-layer height and decrease local roughness length where
5108	!-- necessary. This case, give an informative message. Note, to avoid
5109	!-- that the job-protocoll is messed-up, this message is only given once.
5110	!-- ???what about the vertical surfaces???
5111	flag_exceed_z0 = .FALSE.
5112	flag_exceed_z0h = .FALSE.
5113	DO l = 0, 1
5114	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(l)%ns
5115	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) > 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_h(l)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
5116	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0(m) = 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_h(l)%z_mo(m)
5117	flag_exceed_z0 = .TRUE.
5118	ENDIF
5119	IF ( surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) > 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_h(l)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
5120	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0h(m) = 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_h(l)%z_mo(m)
5121	surf_lsm_h(l)%z0q(m) = 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_h(l)%z_mo(m)
5122	flag_exceed_z0h = .TRUE.
5123	ENDIF
5124	ENDDO
5125	ENDDO
5126	#if defined( __parallel )
5127	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, flag_exceed_z0, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
5128	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
5129	#endif
5130	IF ( flag_exceed_z0 ) THEN
5131	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'z0 exceeds surface-layer height ' // &
5132	'at horizontal natural surface(s) and '// &
5133	'is decreased appropriately'
5134	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0503', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
5135	ENDIF
5136	#if defined( __parallel )
5137	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, flag_exceed_z0h, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
5138	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
5139	#endif
5140	IF ( flag_exceed_z0h ) THEN
5141	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'z0h exceeds surface-layer height ' // &
5142	'at horizontal natural surface(s) and '// &
5143	'is decreased appropriately.'
5144	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0507', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
5145	ENDIF
5146
5147	flag_exceed_z0 = .FALSE.
5148	flag_exceed_z0h = .FALSE.
5149	DO l = 0, 3
5150	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
5151	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) > 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
5152	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0(m) = 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m)
5153	flag_exceed_z0 = .TRUE.
5154	ENDIF
5155	IF ( surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) > 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
5156	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0h(m) = 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m)
5157	surf_lsm_v(l)%z0q(m) = 0.5_wp * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m)
5158	flag_exceed_z0h = .TRUE.
5159	ENDIF
5160	ENDDO
5161	ENDDO
5162	#if defined( __parallel )
5163	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, flag_exceed_z0, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
5164	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
5165	#endif
5166	IF ( flag_exceed_z0 ) THEN
5167	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'z0 exceeds surface-layer height ' // &
5168	'at vertical natural surface(s) and '// &
5169	'is decreased appropriately'
5170	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0503', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
5171	ENDIF
5172	#if defined( __parallel )
5173	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, flag_exceed_z0h, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
5174	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
5175	#endif
5176	IF ( flag_exceed_z0h ) THEN
5177	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'z0h exceeds surface-layer height ' // &
5178	'at vertical natural surface(s) and '// &
5179	'is decreased appropriately.'
5180	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0507', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
5181	ENDIF
5182
5183	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'lsm_init', 'end' )
5184
5185	END SUBROUTINE lsm_init
5186
5187
5188	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5189	! Description:
5190	! ------------
5191	!> Allocate land surface model arrays and define pointers
5192	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5193	SUBROUTINE lsm_init_arrays
5194
5195
5196	IMPLICIT NONE
5197
5198	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< index indicating facing of surface array
5199
5200	ALLOCATE ( root_extr(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) )
5201	root_extr = 0.0_wp
5202
5203	!
5204	!-- Allocate surface and soil temperature / humidity. Please note,
5205	!-- these arrays are allocated according to surface-data structure,
5206	!-- even if they do not belong to the data type due to the
5207	!-- pointer arithmetric (TARGET attribute is not allowed in a data-type).
5208	!
5209	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5210	DO l = 0, 1
5211	ALLOCATE ( m_liq_h_1(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5212	ALLOCATE ( m_liq_h_2(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5213	ALLOCATE ( t_surface_h_1(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5214	ALLOCATE ( t_surface_h_2(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5215	ALLOCATE ( m_soil_h_1(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5216	ALLOCATE ( m_soil_h_2(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5217	ALLOCATE ( t_soil_h_1(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5218	ALLOCATE ( t_soil_h_2(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5219	ENDDO
5220	!
5221	!-- Vertical surfaces
5222	DO l = 0, 3
5223	ALLOCATE ( m_liq_v_1(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5224	ALLOCATE ( m_liq_v_2(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5225	ALLOCATE ( t_surface_v_1(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5226	ALLOCATE ( t_surface_v_2(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5227	ALLOCATE ( m_soil_v_1(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5228	ALLOCATE ( m_soil_v_2(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5229	ALLOCATE ( t_soil_v_1(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5230	ALLOCATE ( t_soil_v_2(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5231	ENDDO
5232
5233	!
5234	!-- Allocate array for heat flux in W/m2, required for radiation?
5235	!-- Consider to remove this array
5236	DO l = 0, 1
5237	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_h(l)%surfhf(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5238	ENDDO
5239	DO l = 0, 3
5240	ALLOCATE( surf_lsm_v(l)%surfhf(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5241	ENDDO
5242
5243
5244	!
5245	!-- Allocate intermediate timestep arrays
5246	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5247	DO l = 0, 1
5248	ALLOCATE ( tm_liq_h_m(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5249	ALLOCATE ( tt_surface_h_m(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5250	ALLOCATE ( tm_soil_h_m(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5251	ALLOCATE ( tt_soil_h_m(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5252	ENDDO
5253	!
5254	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5255	DO l = 0, 3
5256	ALLOCATE ( tm_liq_v_m(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5257	ALLOCATE ( tt_surface_v_m(l)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5258	ALLOCATE ( tm_soil_v_m(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5259	ALLOCATE ( tt_soil_v_m(l)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5260	ENDDO
5261
5262	!
5263	!-- Allocate 2D vegetation model arrays
5264	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5265	DO l = 0, 1
5266	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%building_surface(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5267	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%c_liq(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5268	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%c_surface(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5269	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%c_veg(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5270	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%f_sw_in(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5271	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%ghf(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5272	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%g_d(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5273	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%lai(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5274	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_u(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5275	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%lambda_surface_s(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5276	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%nzt_pavement(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5277	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5278	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%qsws_soil(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5279	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%qsws_liq(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5280	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%qsws_veg(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5281	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%rad_net_l(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5282	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%r_a(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5283	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5284	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%r_soil(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5285	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%r_soil_min(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5286	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%r_s(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5287	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy_min(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5288	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5289	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface(1:surf_lsm_h(l)%ns) )
5290
5291	surf_lsm_h(l)%water_surface = .FALSE.
5292	surf_lsm_h(l)%pavement_surface = .FALSE.
5293	surf_lsm_h(l)%vegetation_surface = .FALSE.
5294
5295	!
5296	!-- Set default values
5297	surf_lsm_h(l)%r_canopy_min = 0.0_wp
5298	ENDDO
5299	!
5300	!-- Vertical surfaces
5301	DO l = 0, 3
5302	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%building_surface(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5303	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%c_liq(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5304	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%c_surface(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5305	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%c_veg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5306	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%f_sw_in(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5307	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%ghf(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5308	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%g_d(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5309	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%lai(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5310	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_u(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5311	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%lambda_surface_s(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5312	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%nzt_pavement(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5313	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5314	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%qsws_soil(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5315	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%qsws_liq(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5316	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%qsws_veg(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5317	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%rad_net_l(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5318	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%r_a(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5319	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5320	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%r_soil(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5321	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%r_soil_min(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5322	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%r_s(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5323	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy_min(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5324	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5325	ALLOCATE ( surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface(1:surf_lsm_v(l)%ns) )
5326
5327	surf_lsm_v(l)%water_surface = .FALSE.
5328	surf_lsm_v(l)%pavement_surface = .FALSE.
5329	surf_lsm_v(l)%vegetation_surface = .FALSE.
5330
5331
5332	!
5333	!-- Set default values
5334	surf_lsm_v(l)%r_canopy_min = 0.0_wp
5335
5336	ENDDO
5337
5338	!
5339	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
5340	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5341	t_soil_h => t_soil_h_1; t_soil_h_p => t_soil_h_2
5342	t_surface_h => t_surface_h_1; t_surface_h_p => t_surface_h_2
5343	m_soil_h => m_soil_h_1; m_soil_h_p => m_soil_h_2
5344	m_liq_h => m_liq_h_1; m_liq_h_p => m_liq_h_2
5345	!
5346	!-- Vertical surfaces
5347	t_soil_v => t_soil_v_1; t_soil_v_p => t_soil_v_2
5348	t_surface_v => t_surface_v_1; t_surface_v_p => t_surface_v_2
5349	m_soil_v => m_soil_v_1; m_soil_v_p => m_soil_v_2
5350	m_liq_v => m_liq_v_1; m_liq_v_p => m_liq_v_2
5351
5352
5353	END SUBROUTINE lsm_init_arrays
5354
5355
5356	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5357	! Description:
5358	! ------------
5359	!> Parin for &lsmpar for land surface model
5360	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5361	SUBROUTINE lsm_parin
5362
5363	USE control_parameters, &
5364	ONLY: message_string
5365
5366	IMPLICIT NONE
5367
5368	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< dummy string that contains the current line of the parameter file
5369
5370	NAMELIST /lsm_par/ alpha_vangenuchten, c_surface, &
5371	canopy_resistance_coefficient, &
5372	constant_roughness, &
5373	conserve_water_content, &
5374	deep_soil_temperature, &
5375	dz_soil, &
5376	f_shortwave_incoming, field_capacity, &
5377	aero_resist_kray, hydraulic_conductivity, &
5378	lambda_surface_stable, &
5379	lambda_surface_unstable, leaf_area_index, &
5380	l_vangenuchten, min_canopy_resistance, &
5381	min_soil_resistance, n_vangenuchten, &
5382	pavement_depth_level, &
5383	pavement_heat_capacity, &
5384	pavement_heat_conduct, pavement_type, &
5385	residual_moisture, root_fraction, &
5386	saturation_moisture, skip_time_do_lsm, &
5387	soil_moisture, soil_temperature, &
5388	soil_type, &
5389	surface_type, &
5390	vegetation_coverage, vegetation_type, &
5391	water_temperature, water_type, &
5392	wilting_point, z0_vegetation, &
5393	z0h_vegetation, z0q_vegetation, z0_water, &
5394	z0h_water, z0q_water, z0_pavement, &
5395	z0h_pavement, z0q_pavement
5396
5397	NAMELIST /land_surface_parameters/ &
5398	alpha_vangenuchten, c_surface, &
5399	canopy_resistance_coefficient, &
5400	constant_roughness, &
5401	conserve_water_content, &
5402	deep_soil_temperature, &
5403	dz_soil, &
5404	f_shortwave_incoming, field_capacity, &
5405	aero_resist_kray, hydraulic_conductivity, &
5406	lambda_surface_stable, &
5407	lambda_surface_unstable, leaf_area_index, &
5408	l_vangenuchten, min_canopy_resistance, &
5409	min_soil_resistance, n_vangenuchten, &
5410	pavement_depth_level, &
5411	pavement_heat_capacity, &
5412	pavement_heat_conduct, pavement_type, &
5413	residual_moisture, root_fraction, &
5414	saturation_moisture, skip_time_do_lsm, &
5415	soil_moisture, soil_temperature, &
5416	soil_type, &
5417	surface_type, &
5418	vegetation_coverage, vegetation_type, &
5419	water_temperature, water_type, &
5420	wilting_point, z0_vegetation, &
5421	z0h_vegetation, z0q_vegetation, z0_water, &
5422	z0h_water, z0q_water, z0_pavement, &
5423	z0h_pavement, z0q_pavement
5424
5425	line = ' '
5426
5427	!
5428	!-- Try to find land surface model package
5429	REWIND ( 11 )
5430	line = ' '
5431	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&land_surface_parameters' ) == 0 )
5432	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=12 ) line
5433	ENDDO
5434	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
5435
5436	!
5437	!-- Read user-defined namelist
5438	READ ( 11, land_surface_parameters, ERR = 10 )
5439
5440	!
5441	!-- Set flag that indicates that the land surface model is switched on
5442	land_surface = .TRUE.
5443
5444	GOTO 14
5445
5446	10 BACKSPACE( 11 )
5447	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
5448	CALL parin_fail_message( 'land_surface_parameters', line )
5449	!
5450	!-- Try to find old namelist
5451	12 REWIND ( 11 )
5452	line = ' '
5453	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&lsm_par' ) == 0 )
5454	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=14 ) line
5455	ENDDO
5456	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
5457
5458	!
5459	!-- Read user-defined namelist
5460	READ ( 11, lsm_par, ERR = 13, END = 14 )
5461
5462	message_string = 'namelist lsm_par is deprecated and will be ' // &
5463	'removed in near future. Please use namelist ' // &
5464	'land_surface_parameters instead'
5465	CALL message( 'lsm_parin', 'PA0487', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
5466
5467	!
5468	!-- Set flag that indicates that the land surface model is switched on
5469	land_surface = .TRUE.
5470
5471	GOTO 14
5472
5473	13 BACKSPACE( 11 )
5474	READ( 11 , '(A)') line
5475	CALL parin_fail_message( 'lsm_par', line )
5476
5477
5478	14 CONTINUE
5479
5480
5481	END SUBROUTINE lsm_parin
5482
5483
5484	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5485	! Description:
5486	! ------------
5487	!> Soil model as part of the land surface model. The model predicts soil
5488	!> temperature and water content.
5489	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5490	SUBROUTINE lsm_soil_model( horizontal, l, calc_soil_moisture )
5491
5492
5493	IMPLICIT NONE
5494
5495	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
5496	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< surface-data type index indication facing
5497	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
5498
5499	LOGICAL, INTENT(IN) :: calc_soil_moisture !< flag indicating whether soil moisture shall be calculated or not.
5500
5501	LOGICAL :: horizontal !< flag indication horizontal wall, required to set pointer accordingly
5502
5503	REAL(wp) :: h_vg !< Van Genuchten coef. h
5504
5505	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) :: gamma_temp, & !< temp. gamma
5506	lambda_temp, & !< temp. lambda
5507	tend !< tendency
5508
5509	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_m_soil
5510	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_m_soil_p
5511	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_t_soil
5512	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_t_soil_p
5513	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_tm_soil_m
5514	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), POINTER :: surf_tt_soil_m
5515
5516	TYPE(surf_type), POINTER :: surf !< surface-date type variable
5517
5518
5519	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) THEN
5520	WRITE( debug_string, * ) 'lsm_soil_model', horizontal, l, calc_soil_moisture
5521	CALL debug_message( debug_string, 'start' )
5522	ENDIF
5523
5524	IF ( horizontal ) THEN
5525	surf => surf_lsm_h(l)
5526
5527	surf_m_soil => m_soil_h(l)
5528	surf_m_soil_p => m_soil_h_p(l)
5529	surf_t_soil => t_soil_h(l)
5530	surf_t_soil_p => t_soil_h_p(l)
5531	surf_tm_soil_m => tm_soil_h_m(l)
5532	surf_tt_soil_m => tt_soil_h_m(l)
5533	ELSE
5534	surf => surf_lsm_v(l)
5535
5536	surf_m_soil => m_soil_v(l)
5537	surf_m_soil_p => m_soil_v_p(l)
5538	surf_t_soil => t_soil_v(l)
5539	surf_t_soil_p => t_soil_v_p(l)
5540	surf_tm_soil_m => tm_soil_v_m(l)
5541	surf_tt_soil_m => tt_soil_v_m(l)
5542	ENDIF
5543
5544	!$OMP PARALLEL PRIVATE (m, k, lambda_temp, lambda_h_sat, ke, tend, gamma_temp, h_vg, m_total)
5545	!$OMP DO SCHEDULE (STATIC)
5546	DO m = 1, surf%ns
5547
5548	IF ( .NOT. surf%water_surface(m) ) THEN
5549	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5550
5551	IF ( surf%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
5552	k <= surf%nzt_pavement(m) ) THEN
5553
5554	surf%rho_c_total(k,m) = surf%rho_c_total_def(k,m)
5555	lambda_temp(k) = surf%lambda_h_def(k,m)
5556
5557	ELSE
5558	!
5559	!-- Calculate volumetric heat capacity of the soil, taking
5560	!-- into account water content
5561	surf%rho_c_total(k,m) = (rho_c_soil * &
5562	( 1.0_wp - surf%m_sat(k,m) ) &
5563	+ rho_c_water * surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) )
5564
5565	!
5566	!-- Calculate soil heat conductivity at the center of the soil
5567	!-- layers
5568	lambda_h_sat = lambda_h_sm*(1.0_wp - surf%m_sat(k,m)) &
5569	lambda_h_water ** surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m)
5570
5571	ke = 1.0_wp + LOG10( MAX( 0.1_wp, surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) / &
5572	surf%m_sat(k,m) ) )
5573
5574	lambda_temp(k) = ke * (lambda_h_sat - lambda_h_dry) + &
5575	lambda_h_dry
5576	ENDIF
5577	ENDDO
5578
5579	!
5580	!-- Calculate soil heat conductivity (lambda_h) at the _layer level
5581	!-- using linear interpolation. For pavement surface, the
5582	!-- true pavement depth is considered
5583	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil-1
5584	surf%lambda_h(k,m) = ( lambda_temp(k+1) + lambda_temp(k) ) * 0.5_wp
5585	ENDDO
5586	surf%lambda_h(nzt_soil,m) = lambda_temp(nzt_soil)
5587
5588	!
5589	!-- Prognostic equation for soil temperature t_soil
5590	tend(:) = 0.0_wp
5591
5592	tend(nzb_soil) = ( 1.0_wp / surf%rho_c_total(nzb_soil,m) ) * &
5593	( surf%lambda_h(nzb_soil,m) * &
5594	( surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil+1,m) - surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) ) &
5595	* ddz_soil_center(nzb_soil) &
5596	+ surf%ghf(m) ) * ddz_soil(nzb_soil)
5597
5598	DO k = nzb_soil+1, nzt_soil
5599	tend(k) = ( 1.0_wp / surf%rho_c_total(k,m) ) &
5600	* ( surf%lambda_h(k,m) &
5601	* ( surf_t_soil%var_2d(k+1,m) - surf_t_soil%var_2d(k,m) ) &
5602	* ddz_soil_center(k) &
5603	- surf%lambda_h(k-1,m) &
5604	* ( surf_t_soil%var_2d(k,m) - surf_t_soil%var_2d(k-1,m) ) &
5605	* ddz_soil_center(k-1) &
5606	) * ddz_soil(k)
5607
5608	ENDDO
5609
5610	surf_t_soil_p%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m) = &
5611	surf_t_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m) &
5612	+ dt_3d * ( tsc(2) &
5613	* tend(nzb_soil:nzt_soil) &
5614	+ tsc(3) &
5615	* surf_tt_soil_m%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m) )
5616
5617	!
5618	!-- Calculate t_soil tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step
5619	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
5620	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
5621	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5622	surf_tt_soil_m%var_2d(k,m) = tend(k)
5623	ENDDO
5624	ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < &
5625	intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
5626	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5627	surf_tt_soil_m%var_2d(k,m) = -9.5625_wp * tend(k) + &
5628	5.3125_wp * &
5629	surf_tt_soil_m%var_2d(k,m)
5630	ENDDO
5631	ENDIF
5632	ENDIF
5633
5634
5635	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5636
5637	!
5638	!-- In order to prevent water tranport through paved surfaces,
5639	!-- conductivity and diffusivity are set to zero
5640	IF ( surf%pavement_surface(m) .AND. &
5641	k <= surf%nzt_pavement(m) ) THEN
5642	lambda_temp(k) = 0.0_wp
5643	gamma_temp(k) = 0.0_wp
5644
5645	ELSE
5646
5647	!
5648	!-- Calculate soil diffusivity at the center of the soil layers
5649	lambda_temp(k) = (- b_ch * surf%gamma_w_sat(k,m) * psi_sat &
5650	/ surf%m_sat(k,m) ) * ( &
5651	MAX( surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m), &
5652	surf%m_wilt(k,m) ) / surf%m_sat(k,m) )**( &
5653	b_ch + 2.0_wp )
5654
5655	!
5656	!-- Parametrization of Van Genuchten
5657	!-- Calculate the hydraulic conductivity after Van Genuchten (1980)
5658	h_vg = ( ( ( surf%m_res(k,m) - surf%m_sat(k,m) ) / &
5659	( surf%m_res(k,m) - &
5660	MAX( surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m), surf%m_wilt(k,m) )&
5661	) &
5662	)**( &
5663	surf%n_vg(k,m) / ( surf%n_vg(k,m) - 1.0_wp ) &
5664	) - 1.0_wp &
5665	)**( 1.0_wp / surf%n_vg(k,m) ) / surf%alpha_vg(k,m)
5666
5667	gamma_temp(k) = surf%gamma_w_sat(k,m) * ( ( ( 1.0_wp + &
5668	( surf%alpha_vg(k,m) * h_vg )**surf%n_vg(k,m) &
5669	)**( &
5670	1.0_wp - 1.0_wp / surf%n_vg(k,m)) - ( &
5671	surf%alpha_vg(k,m) * h_vg )**( surf%n_vg(k,m) &
5672	- 1.0_wp) )**2 ) &
5673	/ ( ( 1.0_wp + ( surf%alpha_vg(k,m) * h_vg &
5674	)surf%n_vg(k,m) )( ( 1.0_wp - 1.0_wp &
5675	/ surf%n_vg(k,m) ) * &
5676	( surf%l_vg(k,m) + 2.0_wp) ) )
5677
5678	ENDIF
5679
5680	ENDDO
5681
5682
5683	IF ( calc_soil_moisture ) THEN
5684
5685	!
5686	!-- Prognostic equation for soil moisture content. Only performed,
5687	!-- when humidity is enabled in the atmosphere.
5688	IF ( humidity ) THEN
5689	!
5690	!-- Calculate soil diffusivity (lambda_w) at the _layer level
5691	!-- using linear interpolation. To do: replace this with
5692	!-- ECMWF-IFS Eq. 8.81
5693	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil-1
5694
5695	surf%lambda_w(k,m) = ( lambda_temp(k+1) + lambda_temp(k) ) &
5696	* 0.5_wp
5697	surf%gamma_w(k,m) = ( gamma_temp(k+1) + gamma_temp(k) ) &
5698	* 0.5_wp
5699
5700	ENDDO
5701	!
5702	!
5703	!-- In case of a closed bottom (= water content is conserved),
5704	!-- set hydraulic conductivity to zero to that no water will be
5705	!-- lost in the bottom layer. As gamma_w is always a positive value,
5706	!-- it cannot be set to zero in case of purely dry soil since this
5707	!-- would cause accumulation of (non-existing) water in the lowest
5708	!-- soil layer
5709	IF ( conserve_water_content .AND. &
5710	surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzt_soil,m) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
5711
5712	surf%gamma_w(nzt_soil,m) = 0.0_wp
5713	ELSE
5714	surf%gamma_w(nzt_soil,m) = gamma_temp(nzt_soil)
5715	ENDIF
5716
5717	!-- The root extraction (= root_extr * qsws_veg / (rho_l
5718	!-- * l_v)) ensures the mass conservation for water. The
5719	!-- transpiration of plants equals the cumulative withdrawals by
5720	!-- the roots in the soil. The scheme takes into account the
5721	!-- availability of water in the soil layers as well as the root
5722	!-- fraction in the respective layer. Layer with moisture below
5723	!-- wilting point will not contribute, which reflects the
5724	!-- preference of plants to take water from moister layers.
5725	!
5726	!-- Calculate the root extraction (ECMWF 7.69, the sum of
5727	!-- root_extr = 1). The energy balance solver guarantees a
5728	!-- positive transpiration, so that there is no need for an
5729	!-- additional check.
5730	m_total = 0.0_wp
5731	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5732	IF ( surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) > surf%m_wilt(k,m) ) THEN
5733	m_total = m_total + surf%root_fr(k,m) &
5734	* surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m)
5735	ENDIF
5736	ENDDO
5737	IF ( m_total > 0.0_wp ) THEN
5738	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5739	IF ( surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) > surf%m_wilt(k,m) ) THEN
5740	root_extr(k) = surf%root_fr(k,m) &
5741	* surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) / m_total
5742	ELSE
5743	root_extr(k) = 0.0_wp
5744	ENDIF
5745	ENDDO
5746	ENDIF
5747	!
5748	!-- Prognostic equation for soil water content m_soil_h.
5749	tend(:) = 0.0_wp
5750
5751	tend(nzb_soil) = ( surf%lambda_w(nzb_soil,m) * ( &
5752	surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil+1,m) &
5753	- surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil,m) ) &
5754	* ddz_soil_center(nzb_soil) - surf%gamma_w(nzb_soil,m)&
5755	- ( root_extr(nzb_soil) * surf%qsws_veg(m) &
5756	+ surf%qsws_soil(m) ) * drho_l_lv ) &
5757	* ddz_soil(nzb_soil)
5758
5759	DO k = nzb_soil+1, nzt_soil-1
5760	tend(k) = ( surf%lambda_w(k,m) * ( surf_m_soil%var_2d(k+1,m) &
5761	- surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) ) * ddz_soil_center(k) &
5762	- surf%gamma_w(k,m) &
5763	- surf%lambda_w(k-1,m) * ( surf_m_soil%var_2d(k,m) &
5764	- surf_m_soil%var_2d(k-1,m)) * ddz_soil_center(k-1) &
5765	+ surf%gamma_w(k-1,m) - (root_extr(k) &
5766	* surf%qsws_veg(m) * drho_l_lv) &
5767	) * ddz_soil(k)
5768	ENDDO
5769	tend(nzt_soil) = ( - surf%gamma_w(nzt_soil,m) &
5770	- surf%lambda_w(nzt_soil-1,m) &
5771	* ( surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzt_soil,m) &
5772	- surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzt_soil-1,m)) &
5773	* ddz_soil_center(nzt_soil-1) &
5774	+ surf%gamma_w(nzt_soil-1,m) - ( &
5775	root_extr(nzt_soil) &
5776	* surf%qsws_veg(m) * drho_l_lv ) &
5777	) * ddz_soil(nzt_soil)
5778
5779	surf_m_soil_p%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m) = &
5780	surf_m_soil%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,m) &
5781	+ dt_3d * ( tsc(2) * tend(:) &
5782	+ tsc(3) * surf_tm_soil_m%var_2d(:,m) )
5783
5784	!
5785	!-- Account for dry and wet soils to keep solution stable
5786	!-- (mass conservation is violated here)
5787	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5788	surf_m_soil_p%var_2d(k,m) = MIN( surf_m_soil_p%var_2d(k,m), surf%m_sat(k,m) )
5789	surf_m_soil_p%var_2d(k,m) = MAX( surf_m_soil_p%var_2d(k,m), 0.0_wp )
5790	ENDDO
5791
5792	!
5793	!-- Calculate m_soil tendencies for the next Runge-Kutta step
5794	IF ( timestep_scheme(1:5) == 'runge' ) THEN
5795	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
5796	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5797	surf_tm_soil_m%var_2d(k,m) = tend(k)
5798	ENDDO
5799	ELSEIF ( intermediate_timestep_count < &
5800	intermediate_timestep_count_max ) THEN
5801	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
5802	surf_tm_soil_m%var_2d(k,m) = -9.5625_wp * tend(k) &
5803	+ 5.3125_wp &
5804	* surf_tm_soil_m%var_2d(k,m)
5805	ENDDO
5806
5807	ENDIF
5808
5809	ENDIF
5810
5811	ENDIF
5812
5813	ENDIF
5814
5815	ENDIF
5816
5817	ENDDO
5818	!$OMP END PARALLEL
5819	!
5820	!-- Debug location message
5821	IF ( debug_output_timestep ) THEN
5822	WRITE( debug_string, * ) 'lsm_soil_model', horizontal, l, calc_soil_moisture
5823	CALL debug_message( debug_string, 'end' )
5824	ENDIF
5825
5826	END SUBROUTINE lsm_soil_model
5827
5828
5829	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5830	! Description:
5831	! ------------
5832	!> Swapping of timelevels
5833	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5834	SUBROUTINE lsm_swap_timelevel ( mod_count )
5835
5836	IMPLICIT NONE
5837
5838	INTEGER, INTENT(IN) :: mod_count
5839
5840
5841	SELECT CASE ( mod_count )
5842
5843	CASE ( 0 )
5844	!
5845	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5846	t_surface_h => t_surface_h_1; t_surface_h_p => t_surface_h_2
5847	t_soil_h => t_soil_h_1; t_soil_h_p => t_soil_h_2
5848	IF ( humidity ) THEN
5849	m_soil_h => m_soil_h_1; m_soil_h_p => m_soil_h_2
5850	m_liq_h => m_liq_h_1; m_liq_h_p => m_liq_h_2
5851	ENDIF
5852
5853	!
5854	!-- Vertical surfaces
5855	t_surface_v => t_surface_v_1; t_surface_v_p => t_surface_v_2
5856	t_soil_v => t_soil_v_1; t_soil_v_p => t_soil_v_2
5857	IF ( humidity ) THEN
5858	m_soil_v => m_soil_v_1; m_soil_v_p => m_soil_v_2
5859	m_liq_v => m_liq_v_1; m_liq_v_p => m_liq_v_2
5860
5861	ENDIF
5862
5863
5864
5865	CASE ( 1 )
5866	!
5867	!-- Horizontal surfaces
5868	t_surface_h => t_surface_h_2; t_surface_h_p => t_surface_h_1
5869	t_soil_h => t_soil_h_2; t_soil_h_p => t_soil_h_1
5870	IF ( humidity ) THEN
5871	m_soil_h => m_soil_h_2; m_soil_h_p => m_soil_h_1
5872	m_liq_h => m_liq_h_2; m_liq_h_p => m_liq_h_1
5873
5874	ENDIF
5875	!
5876	!-- Vertical surfaces
5877	t_surface_v => t_surface_v_2; t_surface_v_p => t_surface_v_1
5878	t_soil_v => t_soil_v_2; t_soil_v_p => t_soil_v_1
5879	IF ( humidity ) THEN
5880	m_soil_v => m_soil_v_2; m_soil_v_p => m_soil_v_1
5881	m_liq_v => m_liq_v_2; m_liq_v_p => m_liq_v_1
5882	ENDIF
5883
5884	END SELECT
5885
5886	END SUBROUTINE lsm_swap_timelevel
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5892	!
5893	! Description:
5894	! ------------
5895	!> Subroutine for averaging 3D data
5896	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
5897	SUBROUTINE lsm_3d_data_averaging( mode, variable )
5898
5899
5900	USE control_parameters
5901
5902	USE indices
5903
5904	IMPLICIT NONE
5905
5906	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: mode !<
5907	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
5908
5909	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
5910	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
5911	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
5912	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
5913
5914	IF ( mode == 'allocate' ) THEN
5915
5916	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
5917
5918	CASE ( 'c_liq*' )
5919	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) THEN
5920	ALLOCATE( c_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5921	ENDIF
5922	c_liq_av = 0.0_wp
5923
5924	CASE ( 'c_soil*' )
5925	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) THEN
5926	ALLOCATE( c_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5927	ENDIF
5928	c_soil_av = 0.0_wp
5929
5930	CASE ( 'c_veg*' )
5931	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) THEN
5932	ALLOCATE( c_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5933	ENDIF
5934	c_veg_av = 0.0_wp
5935
5936	CASE ( 'lai*' )
5937	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) THEN
5938	ALLOCATE( lai_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5939	ENDIF
5940	lai_av = 0.0_wp
5941
5942	CASE ( 'm_liq*' )
5943	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) THEN
5944	ALLOCATE( m_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5945	ENDIF
5946	m_liq_av = 0.0_wp
5947
5948	CASE ( 'm_soil' )
5949	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
5950	ALLOCATE( m_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5951	ENDIF
5952	m_soil_av = 0.0_wp
5953
5954	CASE ( 'qsws_liq*' )
5955	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) THEN
5956	ALLOCATE( qsws_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5957	ENDIF
5958	qsws_liq_av = 0.0_wp
5959
5960	CASE ( 'qsws_soil*' )
5961	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) THEN
5962	ALLOCATE( qsws_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5963	ENDIF
5964	qsws_soil_av = 0.0_wp
5965
5966	CASE ( 'qsws_veg*' )
5967	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) THEN
5968	ALLOCATE( qsws_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5969	ENDIF
5970	qsws_veg_av = 0.0_wp
5971
5972	CASE ( 'r_s*' )
5973	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( r_s_av ) ) THEN
5974	ALLOCATE( r_s_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5975	ENDIF
5976	r_s_av = 0.0_wp
5977
5978	CASE ( 't_soil' )
5979	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
5980	ALLOCATE( t_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
5981	ENDIF
5982	t_soil_av = 0.0_wp
5983
5984	CASE DEFAULT
5985	CONTINUE
5986
5987	END SELECT
5988
5989	ELSEIF ( mode == 'sum' ) THEN
5990
5991	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
5992
5993	CASE ( 'c_liq*' )
5994	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) THEN
5995	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
5996	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
5997	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
5998	c_liq_av(j,i) = c_liq_av(j,i) + surf_lsm_h(0)%c_liq(m)
5999	ENDDO
6000	ENDIF
6001
6002	CASE ( 'c_soil*' )
6003	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) THEN
6004	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6005	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6006	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6007	c_soil_av(j,i) = c_soil_av(j,i) + (1.0 - surf_lsm_h(0)%c_veg(m))
6008	ENDDO
6009	ENDIF
6010
6011	CASE ( 'c_veg*' )
6012	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) THEN
6013	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6014	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6015	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6016	c_veg_av(j,i) = c_veg_av(j,i) + surf_lsm_h(0)%c_veg(m)
6017	ENDDO
6018	ENDIF
6019
6020	CASE ( 'lai*' )
6021	IF ( ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) THEN
6022	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6023	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6024	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6025	lai_av(j,i) = lai_av(j,i) + surf_lsm_h(0)%lai(m)
6026	ENDDO
6027	ENDIF
6028
6029	CASE ( 'm_liq*' )
6030	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) THEN
6031	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6032	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6033	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6034	m_liq_av(j,i) = m_liq_av(j,i) + m_liq_h(0)%var_1d(m)
6035	ENDDO
6036	ENDIF
6037
6038	CASE ( 'm_soil' )
6039	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
6040	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6041	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6042	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6043	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6044	m_soil_av(k,j,i) = m_soil_av(k,j,i) + m_soil_h(0)%var_2d(k,m)
6045	ENDDO
6046	ENDDO
6047	ENDIF
6048
6049	CASE ( 'qsws_liq*' )
6050	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) THEN
6051	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6052	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6053	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6054	qsws_liq_av(j,i) = qsws_liq_av(j,i) + &
6055	surf_lsm_h(0)%qsws_liq(m)
6056	ENDDO
6057	ENDIF
6058
6059	CASE ( 'qsws_soil*' )
6060	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) THEN
6061	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6062	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6063	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6064	qsws_soil_av(j,i) = qsws_soil_av(j,i) + &
6065	surf_lsm_h(0)%qsws_soil(m)
6066	ENDDO
6067	ENDIF
6068
6069	CASE ( 'qsws_veg*' )
6070	IF ( ALLOCATED(qsws_veg_av ) ) THEN
6071	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6072	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6073	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6074	qsws_veg_av(j,i) = qsws_veg_av(j,i) + &
6075	surf_lsm_h(0)%qsws_veg(m)
6076	ENDDO
6077	ENDIF
6078
6079	CASE ( 'r_s*' )
6080	IF ( ALLOCATED( r_s_av) ) THEN
6081	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6082	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6083	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6084	r_s_av(j,i) = r_s_av(j,i) + surf_lsm_h(0)%r_s(m)
6085	ENDDO
6086	ENDIF
6087
6088	CASE ( 't_soil' )
6089	IF ( ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
6090	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6091	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6092	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6093	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6094	t_soil_av(k,j,i) = t_soil_av(k,j,i) + t_soil_h(0)%var_2d(k,m)
6095	ENDDO
6096	ENDDO
6097	ENDIF
6098
6099	CASE DEFAULT
6100	CONTINUE
6101
6102	END SELECT
6103
6104	ELSEIF ( mode == 'average' ) THEN
6105
6106	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
6107
6108	CASE ( 'c_liq*' )
6109	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) THEN
6110	DO i = nxl, nxr
6111	DO j = nys, nyn
6112	c_liq_av(j,i) = c_liq_av(j,i) &
6113	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6114	ENDDO
6115	ENDDO
6116	ENDIF
6117
6118	CASE ( 'c_soil*' )
6119	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) THEN
6120	DO i = nxl, nxr
6121	DO j = nys, nyn
6122	c_soil_av(j,i) = c_soil_av(j,i) &
6123	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6124	ENDDO
6125	ENDDO
6126	ENDIF
6127
6128	CASE ( 'c_veg*' )
6129	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) THEN
6130	DO i = nxl, nxr
6131	DO j = nys, nyn
6132	c_veg_av(j,i) = c_veg_av(j,i) &
6133	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6134	ENDDO
6135	ENDDO
6136	ENDIF
6137
6138	CASE ( 'lai*' )
6139	IF ( ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) THEN
6140	DO i = nxl, nxr
6141	DO j = nys, nyn
6142	lai_av(j,i) = lai_av(j,i) &
6143	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6144	ENDDO
6145	ENDDO
6146	ENDIF
6147
6148	CASE ( 'm_liq*' )
6149	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) THEN
6150	DO i = nxl, nxr
6151	DO j = nys, nyn
6152	m_liq_av(j,i) = m_liq_av(j,i) &
6153	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6154	ENDDO
6155	ENDDO
6156	ENDIF
6157
6158	CASE ( 'm_soil' )
6159	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
6160	DO i = nxl, nxr
6161	DO j = nys, nyn
6162	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6163	m_soil_av(k,j,i) = m_soil_av(k,j,i) &
6164	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6165	ENDDO
6166	ENDDO
6167	ENDDO
6168	ENDIF
6169
6170	CASE ( 'qsws_liq*' )
6171	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) THEN
6172	DO i = nxl, nxr
6173	DO j = nys, nyn
6174	qsws_liq_av(j,i) = qsws_liq_av(j,i) &
6175	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6176	ENDDO
6177	ENDDO
6178	ENDIF
6179
6180	CASE ( 'qsws_soil*' )
6181	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) THEN
6182	DO i = nxl, nxr
6183	DO j = nys, nyn
6184	qsws_soil_av(j,i) = qsws_soil_av(j,i) &
6185	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6186	ENDDO
6187	ENDDO
6188	ENDIF
6189
6190	CASE ( 'qsws_veg*' )
6191	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) THEN
6192	DO i = nxl, nxr
6193	DO j = nys, nyn
6194	qsws_veg_av(j,i) = qsws_veg_av(j,i) &
6195	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6196	ENDDO
6197	ENDDO
6198	ENDIF
6199
6200	CASE ( 'r_s*' )
6201	IF ( ALLOCATED( r_s_av ) ) THEN
6202	DO i = nxl, nxr
6203	DO j = nys, nyn
6204	r_s_av(j,i) = r_s_av(j,i) &
6205	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6206	ENDDO
6207	ENDDO
6208	ENDIF
6209
6210	CASE ( 't_soil' )
6211	IF ( ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
6212	DO i = nxl, nxr
6213	DO j = nys, nyn
6214	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6215	t_soil_av(k,j,i) = t_soil_av(k,j,i) &
6216	/ REAL( average_count_3d, KIND=wp )
6217	ENDDO
6218	ENDDO
6219	ENDDO
6220	ENDIF
6221	!
6222	!--
6223
6224	END SELECT
6225
6226	ENDIF
6227
6228	END SUBROUTINE lsm_3d_data_averaging
6229
6230
6231	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6232	!
6233	! Description:
6234	! ------------
6235	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
6236	!> It is called out from subroutine netcdf.
6237	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6238	SUBROUTINE lsm_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
6239
6240	IMPLICIT NONE
6241
6242	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var !<
6243	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found !<
6244	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x !<
6245	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y !<
6246	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z !<
6247
6248	found = .TRUE.
6249
6250	!
6251	!-- Check for the grid
6252	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
6253
6254	CASE ( 'm_soil', 't_soil', 'm_soil_xy', 't_soil_xy', 'm_soil_xz', &
6255	't_soil_xz', 'm_soil_yz', 't_soil_yz' )
6256	grid_x = 'x'
6257	grid_y = 'y'
6258	grid_z = 'zs'
6259
6260	CASE DEFAULT
6261	found = .FALSE.
6262	grid_x = 'none'
6263	grid_y = 'none'
6264	grid_z = 'none'
6265	END SELECT
6266
6267	END SUBROUTINE lsm_define_netcdf_grid
6268
6269	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6270	!
6271	! Description:
6272	! ------------
6273	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables
6274	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6275	SUBROUTINE lsm_data_output_2d( av, variable, found, grid, mode, local_pf, &
6276	two_d, nzb_do, nzt_do )
6277
6278	USE indices
6279
6280
6281	IMPLICIT NONE
6282
6283	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: grid !<
6284	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: mode !<
6285	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
6286
6287	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !<
6288	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
6289	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
6290	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index
6291	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
6292	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_do !<
6293	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_do !<
6294
6295	LOGICAL :: found !<
6296	LOGICAL :: two_d !< flag parameter that indicates 2D variables (horizontal cross sections)
6297
6298	REAL(wp) :: fill_value = -999.0_wp !< value for the _FillValue attribute
6299
6300	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_do:nzt_do) :: local_pf !<
6301
6302
6303	found = .TRUE.
6304
6305	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
6306	!
6307	!-- Before data is transfered to local_pf, transfer is it 2D dummy variable and exchange ghost points therein.
6308	!-- However, at this point this is only required for instantaneous arrays, time-averaged quantities are already exchanged.
6309	CASE ( 'c_liq*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6310	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6311	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6312	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6313	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6314	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%c_liq(m) * surf_lsm_h(0)%c_veg(m)
6315	ENDDO
6316	ELSE
6317	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) THEN
6318	ALLOCATE( c_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6319	c_liq_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6320	ENDIF
6321	DO i = nxl, nxr
6322	DO j = nys, nyn
6323	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = c_liq_av(j,i)
6324	ENDDO
6325	ENDDO
6326	ENDIF
6327
6328	two_d = .TRUE.
6329	grid = 'zu1'
6330
6331	CASE ( 'c_soil*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6332	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6333	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6334	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6335	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6336	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = 1.0_wp - surf_lsm_h(0)%c_veg(m)
6337	ENDDO
6338	ELSE
6339	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) THEN
6340	ALLOCATE( c_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6341	c_soil_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6342	ENDIF
6343	DO i = nxl, nxr
6344	DO j = nys, nyn
6345	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = c_soil_av(j,i)
6346	ENDDO
6347	ENDDO
6348	ENDIF
6349
6350	two_d = .TRUE.
6351	grid = 'zu1'
6352
6353	CASE ( 'c_veg*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6354	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6355	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6356	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6357	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6358	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%c_veg(m)
6359	ENDDO
6360	ELSE
6361	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) THEN
6362	ALLOCATE( c_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6363	c_veg_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6364	ENDIF
6365	DO i = nxl, nxr
6366	DO j = nys, nyn
6367	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = c_veg_av(j,i)
6368	ENDDO
6369	ENDDO
6370	ENDIF
6371
6372	two_d = .TRUE.
6373	grid = 'zu1'
6374
6375	CASE ( 'lai*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6376	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6377	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6378	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6379	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6380	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%lai(m)
6381	ENDDO
6382	ELSE
6383	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) THEN
6384	ALLOCATE( lai_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6385	lai_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6386	ENDIF
6387	DO i = nxl, nxr
6388	DO j = nys, nyn
6389	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = lai_av(j,i)
6390	ENDDO
6391	ENDDO
6392	ENDIF
6393
6394	two_d = .TRUE.
6395	grid = 'zu1'
6396
6397	CASE ( 'm_liq*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6398	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6399	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6400	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6401	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6402	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = m_liq_h(0)%var_1d(m)
6403	ENDDO
6404	ELSE
6405	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) THEN
6406	ALLOCATE( m_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6407	m_liq_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6408	ENDIF
6409	DO i = nxl, nxr
6410	DO j = nys, nyn
6411	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = m_liq_av(j,i)
6412	ENDDO
6413	ENDDO
6414	ENDIF
6415
6416	two_d = .TRUE.
6417	grid = 'zu1'
6418
6419	CASE ( 'm_soil_xy', 'm_soil_xz', 'm_soil_yz' )
6420	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6421	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6422	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6423	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6424	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6425	local_pf(i,j,k) = m_soil_h(0)%var_2d(k,m)
6426	ENDDO
6427	ENDDO
6428	ELSE
6429	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
6430	ALLOCATE( m_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6431	m_soil_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6432	ENDIF
6433	DO i = nxl, nxr
6434	DO j = nys, nyn
6435	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6436	local_pf(i,j,k) = m_soil_av(k,j,i)
6437	ENDDO
6438	ENDDO
6439	ENDDO
6440	ENDIF
6441
6442	nzb_do = nzb_soil
6443	nzt_do = nzt_soil
6444
6445	IF ( mode == 'xy' ) grid = 'zs'
6446
6447	CASE ( 'qsws_liq*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6448	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6449	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6450	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6451	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6452	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%qsws_liq(m)
6453	ENDDO
6454	ELSE
6455	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) THEN
6456	ALLOCATE( qsws_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6457	qsws_liq_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6458	ENDIF
6459	DO i = nxl, nxr
6460	DO j = nys, nyn
6461	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = qsws_liq_av(j,i)
6462	ENDDO
6463	ENDDO
6464	ENDIF
6465
6466	two_d = .TRUE.
6467	grid = 'zu1'
6468
6469	CASE ( 'qsws_soil*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6470	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6471	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6472	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6473	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6474	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%qsws_soil(m)
6475	ENDDO
6476	ELSE
6477	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) THEN
6478	ALLOCATE( qsws_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6479	qsws_soil_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6480	ENDIF
6481	DO i = nxl, nxr
6482	DO j = nys, nyn
6483	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = qsws_soil_av(j,i)
6484	ENDDO
6485	ENDDO
6486	ENDIF
6487
6488	two_d = .TRUE.
6489	grid = 'zu1'
6490
6491	CASE ( 'qsws_veg*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6492	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6493	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6494	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6495	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6496	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%qsws_veg(m)
6497	ENDDO
6498	ELSE
6499	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) THEN
6500	ALLOCATE( qsws_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6501	qsws_veg_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6502	ENDIF
6503	DO i = nxl, nxr
6504	DO j = nys, nyn
6505	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = qsws_veg_av(j,i)
6506	ENDDO
6507	ENDDO
6508	ENDIF
6509
6510	two_d = .TRUE.
6511	grid = 'zu1'
6512
6513
6514	CASE ( 'r_s*_xy' ) ! 2d-array
6515	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6516	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6517	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6518	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6519	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = surf_lsm_h(0)%r_s(m)
6520	ENDDO
6521	ELSE
6522	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( r_s_av ) ) THEN
6523	ALLOCATE( r_s_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6524	r_s_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6525	ENDIF
6526	DO i = nxl, nxr
6527	DO j = nys, nyn
6528	local_pf(i,j,nzb+1) = r_s_av(j,i)
6529	ENDDO
6530	ENDDO
6531	ENDIF
6532
6533	two_d = .TRUE.
6534	grid = 'zu1'
6535
6536	CASE ( 't_soil_xy', 't_soil_xz', 't_soil_yz' )
6537	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6538	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6539	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6540	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6541	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6542	local_pf(i,j,k) = t_soil_h(0)%var_2d(k,m)
6543	ENDDO
6544	ENDDO
6545	ELSE
6546	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
6547	ALLOCATE( t_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6548	t_soil_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6549	ENDIF
6550	DO i = nxl, nxr
6551	DO j = nys, nyn
6552	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6553	local_pf(i,j,k) = t_soil_av(k,j,i)
6554	ENDDO
6555	ENDDO
6556	ENDDO
6557	ENDIF
6558
6559	nzb_do = nzb_soil
6560	nzt_do = nzt_soil
6561
6562	IF ( mode == 'xy' ) grid = 'zs'
6563
6564
6565	CASE DEFAULT
6566	found = .FALSE.
6567	grid = 'none'
6568
6569	END SELECT
6570
6571	END SUBROUTINE lsm_data_output_2d
6572
6573
6574	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6575	!
6576	! Description:
6577	! ------------
6578	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables
6579	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6580	SUBROUTINE lsm_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf )
6581
6582
6583	USE indices
6584
6585
6586	IMPLICIT NONE
6587
6588	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
6589
6590	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !<
6591	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
6592	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
6593	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
6594	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
6595
6596	LOGICAL :: found !<
6597
6598	REAL(wp) :: fill_value = -999.0_wp !< value for the _FillValue attribute
6599
6600	REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_soil:nzt_soil) :: local_pf !<
6601
6602
6603	found = .TRUE.
6604
6605
6606	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
6607	!
6608	!-- Requires 3D exchange
6609
6610	CASE ( 'm_soil' )
6611
6612	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6613	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6614	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6615	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6616	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6617	local_pf(i,j,k) = m_soil_h(0)%var_2d(k,m)
6618	ENDDO
6619	ENDDO
6620	ELSE
6621	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
6622	ALLOCATE( m_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6623	m_soil_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6624	ENDIF
6625	DO i = nxl, nxr
6626	DO j = nys, nyn
6627	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6628	local_pf(i,j,k) = m_soil_av(k,j,i)
6629	ENDDO
6630	ENDDO
6631	ENDDO
6632	ENDIF
6633
6634	CASE ( 't_soil' )
6635
6636	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
6637	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
6638	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
6639	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
6640	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6641	local_pf(i,j,k) = t_soil_h(0)%var_2d(k,m)
6642	ENDDO
6643	ENDDO
6644	ELSE
6645	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
6646	ALLOCATE( t_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
6647	t_soil_av = REAL( fill_value, KIND = wp )
6648	ENDIF
6649	DO i = nxl, nxr
6650	DO j = nys, nyn
6651	DO k = nzb_soil, nzt_soil
6652	local_pf(i,j,k) = t_soil_av(k,j,i)
6653	ENDDO
6654	ENDDO
6655	ENDDO
6656	ENDIF
6657
6658
6659	CASE DEFAULT
6660	found = .FALSE.
6661
6662	END SELECT
6663
6664
6665	END SUBROUTINE lsm_data_output_3d
6666
6667
6668	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6669	!
6670	! Description:
6671	! ------------
6672	!> Write restart data for land surface model. It is necessary to write
6673	!> start_index and end_index several times.
6674	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6675	SUBROUTINE lsm_wrd_local
6676
6677
6678	IMPLICIT NONE
6679
6680	CHARACTER (LEN=1) :: dum !< dummy to create correct string for creating variable string
6681
6682	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< index variable for surface orientation
6683
6684	INTEGER(iwp),DIMENSION(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) :: global_start_index !< index for surface data (MPI-IO)
6685
6686	LOGICAL :: surface_data_to_write !< switch for MPI-I/O if PE has surface data to write
6687
6688
6689	IF ( TRIM( restart_data_format_output ) == 'fortran_binary' ) THEN
6690
6691	CALL wrd_write_string( 'ns_h_on_file_lsm' )
6692	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(0:1)%ns
6693
6694	CALL wrd_write_string( 'ns_v_on_file_lsm' )
6695	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(0:3)%ns
6696
6697
6698	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) THEN
6699	CALL wrd_write_string( 'c_liq_av' )
6700	WRITE ( 14 ) c_liq_av
6701	ENDIF
6702
6703	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) THEN
6704	CALL wrd_write_string( 'c_soil_av' )
6705	WRITE ( 14 ) c_soil_av
6706	ENDIF
6707
6708	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) THEN
6709	CALL wrd_write_string( 'c_veg_av' )
6710	WRITE ( 14 ) c_veg_av
6711	ENDIF
6712
6713	IF ( ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) THEN
6714	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lai_av' )
6715	WRITE ( 14 ) lai_av
6716	ENDIF
6717
6718	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) THEN
6719	CALL wrd_write_string( 'm_liq_av' )
6720	WRITE ( 14 ) m_liq_av
6721	ENDIF
6722
6723	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
6724	CALL wrd_write_string( 'm_soil_av' )
6725	WRITE ( 14 ) m_soil_av
6726	ENDIF
6727
6728	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) THEN
6729	CALL wrd_write_string( 'qsws_liq_av' )
6730	WRITE ( 14 ) qsws_liq_av
6731	ENDIF
6732
6733	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) THEN
6734	CALL wrd_write_string( 'qsws_soil_av' )
6735	WRITE ( 14 ) qsws_soil_av
6736	ENDIF
6737
6738	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) THEN
6739	CALL wrd_write_string( 'qsws_veg_av' )
6740	WRITE ( 14 ) qsws_veg_av
6741	ENDIF
6742
6743	IF ( ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
6744	CALL wrd_write_string( 't_soil_av' )
6745	WRITE ( 14 ) t_soil_av
6746	ENDIF
6747
6748	DO l = 0, 1
6749	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_h' )
6750	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index
6751
6752	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_h' )
6753	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index
6754
6755	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6756	CALL wrd_write_string( 't_soil_h(' // dum // ')' )
6757	WRITE ( 14 ) t_soil_h(l)%var_2d
6758	ENDDO
6759
6760	DO l = 0, 3
6761
6762	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_v' )
6763	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%start_index
6764
6765	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_v' )
6766	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%end_index
6767
6768	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6769	CALL wrd_write_string( 't_soil_v(' // dum // ')' )
6770	WRITE ( 14 ) t_soil_v(l)%var_2d
6771
6772	ENDDO
6773
6774	DO l = 0, 1
6775	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_h' )
6776	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index
6777
6778	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_h' )
6779	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index
6780
6781	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6782	CALL wrd_write_string( 'm_soil_h(' // dum // ')' )
6783	WRITE ( 14 ) m_soil_h(l)%var_2d
6784	ENDDO
6785
6786	DO l = 0, 3
6787
6788	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_v' )
6789	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%start_index
6790
6791	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_v' )
6792	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%end_index
6793
6794	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6795	CALL wrd_write_string( 'm_soil_v(' // dum // ')' )
6796	WRITE ( 14 ) m_soil_v(l)%var_2d
6797
6798	ENDDO
6799
6800	DO l = 0, 1
6801	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_h' )
6802	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index
6803
6804	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_h' )
6805	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index
6806
6807	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6808	CALL wrd_write_string( 'm_liq_h(' // dum // ')' )
6809	WRITE ( 14 ) m_liq_h(l)%var_1d
6810	ENDDO
6811
6812	DO l = 0, 3
6813
6814	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_v' )
6815	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%start_index
6816
6817	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_v' )
6818	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%end_index
6819
6820	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6821	CALL wrd_write_string( 'm_liq_v(' // dum // ')' )
6822	WRITE ( 14 ) m_liq_v(l)%var_1d
6823
6824	ENDDO
6825
6826	DO l = 0, 1
6827	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_h' )
6828	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index
6829
6830	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_h' )
6831	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index
6832
6833	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6834	CALL wrd_write_string( 't_surface_h(' // dum // ')' )
6835	WRITE ( 14 ) t_surface_h(l)%var_1d
6836	ENDDO
6837
6838	DO l = 0, 3
6839
6840	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_start_index_v' )
6841	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%start_index
6842
6843	CALL wrd_write_string( 'lsm_end_index_v' )
6844	WRITE ( 14 ) surf_lsm_v(l)%end_index
6845
6846	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
6847	CALL wrd_write_string( 't_surface_v(' // dum // ')' )
6848	WRITE ( 14 ) t_surface_v(l)%var_1d
6849
6850	ENDDO
6851
6852	ELSEIF ( restart_data_format_output(1:3) == 'mpi' ) THEN
6853
6854	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'c_liq_av', c_liq_av )
6855	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'c_soil_av', c_soil_av )
6856	IF ( ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'c_veg_av', c_veg_av )
6857	IF ( ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lai_av', lai_av )
6858	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'm_liq_av', m_liq_av )
6859	IF ( ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'm_soil_av', m_soil_av, nzb_soil, nzt_soil )
6860	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'qsws_liq_av', qsws_liq_av )
6861	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'qsws_soil_av', qsws_soil_av )
6862	IF ( ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'qsws_veg_av', qsws_veg_av )
6863	IF ( ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) CALL wrd_mpi_io( 't_soil_av', t_soil_av, nzb_soil, nzt_soil )
6864
6865	DO l = 0, 1
6866
6867	WRITE( dum, '(I1)' ) l
6868
6869	CALL rd_mpi_io_surface_filetypes( surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index, surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index, &
6870	surface_data_to_write, global_start_index )
6871
6872	CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_start_index_h_' // dum, surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index )
6873	CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_end_index_h_' // dum, surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index )
6874	CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_global_start_index_h_' // dum, global_start_index )
6875
6876	IF ( .NOT. surface_data_to_write ) CYCLE
6877
6878	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_soil_h(' // dum // ')', t_soil_h(l)%var_2d )
6879	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_soil_h(' // dum // ')', m_soil_h(l)%var_2d )
6880	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_liq_h(' // dum // ')', m_liq_h(l)%var_1d )
6881	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_surface_h(' // dum // ')', t_surface_h(l)%var_1d )
6882	ENDDO
6883
6884	DO l = 0, 3
6885
6886	WRITE( dum, '(I1)' ) l
6887
6888	CALL rd_mpi_io_surface_filetypes ( surf_lsm_v(l)%start_index, surf_lsm_v(l)%end_index, &
6889	surface_data_to_write, global_start_index )
6890
6891	CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_start_index_v_' // dum, surf_lsm_v(l)%start_index )
6892	CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_end_index_v_' // dum, surf_lsm_v(l)%end_index )
6893	CALL wrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_global_start_index_v_' // dum , global_start_index )
6894
6895	IF ( .NOT. surface_data_to_write ) CYCLE
6896
6897	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_soil_v(' // dum // ')', t_soil_v(l)%var_2d )
6898	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_soil_v(' // dum // ')', m_soil_v(l)%var_2d )
6899	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_liq_v(' // dum // ')', m_liq_v(l)%var_1d )
6900	CALL wrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_surface_v(' // dum // ')', t_surface_v(l)%var_1d )
6901
6902	ENDDO
6903
6904	ENDIF
6905
6906	END SUBROUTINE lsm_wrd_local
6907
6908
6909	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6910	!
6911	! Description:
6912	! ------------
6913	!> Read module-specific local restart data arrays (Fortran binary format).
6914	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
6915	SUBROUTINE lsm_rrd_local_ftn( k, nxlf, nxlc, nxl_on_file, nxrf, nxrc, &
6916	nxr_on_file, nynf, nync, nyn_on_file, nysf, nysc, &
6917	nys_on_file, tmp_2d, found )
6918
6919
6920	USE control_parameters
6921
6922	USE indices
6923
6924	USE pegrid
6925
6926
6927	IMPLICIT NONE
6928
6929	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
6930	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index surface orientation
6931	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlc !<
6932	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxlf !<
6933	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxl_on_file !< index of left boundary on former local domain
6934	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrc !<
6935	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxrf !<
6936	INTEGER(iwp) :: nxr_on_file !< index of right boundary on former local domain
6937	INTEGER(iwp) :: nync !<
6938	INTEGER(iwp) :: nynf !<
6939	INTEGER(iwp) :: nyn_on_file !< index of north boundary on former local domain
6940	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysc !<
6941	INTEGER(iwp) :: nysf !<
6942	INTEGER(iwp) :: nys_on_file !< index of south boundary on former local domain
6943
6944	INTEGER(iwp) :: ns_h_on_file_lsm(0:1) !< number of horizontal surface elements (natural type) on file
6945	INTEGER(iwp) :: ns_v_on_file_lsm(0:3) !< number of vertical surface elements (natural type) on file
6946
6947	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE :: start_index_on_file
6948	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE, SAVE :: end_index_on_file
6949
6950	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
6951
6952	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_2d !<
6953
6954	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nys_on_file-nbgp:nyn_on_file+nbgp,nxl_on_file-nbgp:nxr_on_file+nbgp) :: tmp_3d !<
6955
6956	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), SAVE :: tmp_walltype_h_1d !< temporary 1D array containing the respective surface variable stored on file, horizontal surfaces
6957	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), SAVE :: tmp_walltype_h_2d !< temporary 2D array containing the respective surface variable stored on file, horizontal surfaces
6958	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:1), SAVE :: tmp_walltype_h_2d2 !< temporary 2D array containing the respective surface variable stored on file, horizontal surfaces
6959
6960	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), SAVE :: tmp_walltype_v_1d !< temporary 1D array containing the respective surface variable stored on file, vertical surfaces
6961	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), SAVE :: tmp_walltype_v_2d !< temporary 2D array containing the respective surface variable stored on file, vertical surfaces
6962	TYPE(surf_type_lsm), DIMENSION(0:3), SAVE :: tmp_walltype_v_2d2 !< temporary 2D array containing the respective surface variable stored on file, vertical surfaces
6963
6964
6965	found = .TRUE.
6966
6967
6968	SELECT CASE ( restart_string(1:length) )
6969
6970	CASE ( 'ns_h_on_file_lsm' )
6971	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
6972	READ ( 13 ) ns_h_on_file_lsm
6973
6974	DO l = 0, 1
6975	IF ( ALLOCATED( tmp_walltype_h_1d(l)%var_1d ) ) &
6976	DEALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_h_1d(l)%var_1d )
6977	IF ( ALLOCATED( tmp_walltype_h_2d(l)%var_2d ) ) &
6978	DEALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_h_2d(l)%var_2d )
6979	IF ( ALLOCATED( tmp_walltype_h_2d2(l)%var_2d ) ) &
6980	DEALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_h_2d2(l)%var_2d )
6981	ENDDO
6982
6983	!
6984	!-- Allocate temporary arrays to store surface data
6985	DO l = 0, 1
6986	ALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_h_1d(l) &
6987	%var_1d(1:ns_h_on_file_lsm(l)) )
6988	ALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_h_2d(l) &
6989	%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, 1:ns_h_on_file_lsm(l)) )
6990	ALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_h_2d2(l) &
6991	%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,1:ns_h_on_file_lsm(l)) )
6992	ENDDO
6993
6994	ENDIF
6995
6996	CASE ( 'ns_v_on_file_lsm' )
6997	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
6998	READ ( 13 ) ns_v_on_file_lsm
6999
7000	DO l = 0, 3
7001	IF ( ALLOCATED( tmp_walltype_v_1d(l)%var_1d ) ) &
7002	DEALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_v_1d(l)%var_1d )
7003	IF ( ALLOCATED( tmp_walltype_v_2d(l)%var_2d ) ) &
7004	DEALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_v_2d(l)%var_2d )
7005	IF ( ALLOCATED( tmp_walltype_v_2d2(l)%var_2d ) ) &
7006	DEALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_v_2d2(l)%var_2d )
7007	ENDDO
7008
7009	!
7010	!-- Allocate temporary arrays to store surface data
7011	DO l = 0, 3
7012	ALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_v_1d(l) &
7013	%var_1d(1:ns_v_on_file_lsm(l)) )
7014	ALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_v_2d(l) &
7015	%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7016	1:ns_v_on_file_lsm(l)) )
7017	ALLOCATE( tmp_walltype_v_2d2(l) &
7018	%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil, &
7019	1:ns_v_on_file_lsm(l)) )
7020	ENDDO
7021
7022	ENDIF
7023
7024
7025	CASE ( 'c_liq_av' )
7026	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) THEN
7027	ALLOCATE( c_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7028	ENDIF
7029	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7030	c_liq_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7031	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7032
7033	CASE ( 'c_soil_av' )
7034	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) THEN
7035	ALLOCATE( c_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7036	ENDIF
7037	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7038	c_soil_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7039	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7040
7041	CASE ( 'c_veg_av' )
7042	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) THEN
7043	ALLOCATE( c_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7044	ENDIF
7045	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7046	c_veg_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7047	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7048
7049	CASE ( 'lai_av' )
7050	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) THEN
7051	ALLOCATE( lai_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7052	ENDIF
7053	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7054	lai_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7055	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7056
7057	CASE ( 'm_liq_av' )
7058	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) THEN
7059	ALLOCATE( m_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7060	ENDIF
7061	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7062	m_liq_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7063	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7064
7065	CASE ( 'm_soil_av' )
7066	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) THEN
7067	ALLOCATE( m_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7068	ENDIF
7069	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d(:,:,:)
7070	m_soil_av(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7071	tmp_3d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysf &
7072	-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7073
7074	CASE ( 'qsws_liq_av' )
7075	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) THEN
7076	ALLOCATE( qsws_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7077	ENDIF
7078	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7079	qsws_liq_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7080	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7081	CASE ( 'qsws_soil_av' )
7082	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) THEN
7083	ALLOCATE( qsws_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7084	ENDIF
7085	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7086	qsws_soil_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7087	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7088
7089	CASE ( 'qsws_veg_av' )
7090	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) THEN
7091	ALLOCATE( qsws_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7092	ENDIF
7093	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_2d
7094	qsws_veg_av(nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7095	tmp_2d(nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7096
7097	CASE ( 't_soil_av' )
7098	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) THEN
7099	ALLOCATE( t_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7100	ENDIF
7101	IF ( k == 1 ) READ ( 13 ) tmp_3d(:,:,:)
7102	t_soil_av(:,nysc-nbgp:nync+nbgp,nxlc-nbgp:nxrc+nbgp) = &
7103	tmp_3d(:,nysf-nbgp:nynf+nbgp,nxlf-nbgp:nxrf+nbgp)
7104
7105	CASE ( 'lsm_start_index_h', 'lsm_start_index_v' )
7106	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7107
7108	IF ( ALLOCATED( start_index_on_file ) ) &
7109	DEALLOCATE( start_index_on_file )
7110
7111	ALLOCATE ( start_index_on_file(nys_on_file:nyn_on_file, &
7112	nxl_on_file:nxr_on_file) )
7113
7114	READ ( 13 ) start_index_on_file
7115
7116	ENDIF
7117
7118	CASE ( 'lsm_end_index_h', 'lsm_end_index_v' )
7119	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7120
7121	IF ( ALLOCATED( end_index_on_file ) ) &
7122	DEALLOCATE( end_index_on_file )
7123
7124	ALLOCATE ( end_index_on_file(nys_on_file:nyn_on_file, &
7125	nxl_on_file:nxr_on_file) )
7126
7127	READ ( 13 ) end_index_on_file
7128
7129	ENDIF
7130
7131	CASE ( 't_soil_h(0)' )
7132
7133	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7134	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_h(0)%var_2d ) ) &
7135	ALLOCATE( t_soil_h(0)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7136	1:surf_lsm_h(0)%ns) )
7137	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_2d(0)%var_2d
7138	ENDIF
7139	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7140	t_soil_h(0)%var_2d, &
7141	tmp_walltype_h_2d(0)%var_2d, &
7142	surf_lsm_h(0)%start_index, &
7143	start_index_on_file, &
7144	end_index_on_file, &
7145	nxlc, nysc, &
7146	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7147	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7148	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7149
7150	CASE ( 't_soil_h(1)' )
7151
7152	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7153	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_h(1)%var_2d ) ) &
7154	ALLOCATE( t_soil_h(1)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7155	1:surf_lsm_h(1)%ns) )
7156	write(9,*) surf_lsm_h(1)%ns
7157	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_2d(1)%var_2d
7158	ENDIF
7159	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7160	t_soil_h(1)%var_2d, &
7161	tmp_walltype_h_2d(1)%var_2d, &
7162	surf_lsm_h(1)%start_index, &
7163	start_index_on_file, &
7164	end_index_on_file, &
7165	nxlc, nysc, &
7166	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7167	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7168	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7169
7170	CASE ( 't_soil_v(0)' )
7171
7172	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7173	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_v(0)%var_2d ) ) &
7174	ALLOCATE( t_soil_v(0)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7175	1:surf_lsm_v(0)%ns) )
7176	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d(0)%var_2d
7177	ENDIF
7178	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7179	t_soil_v(0)%var_2d, &
7180	tmp_walltype_v_2d(0)%var_2d, &
7181	surf_lsm_v(0)%start_index, &
7182	start_index_on_file, &
7183	end_index_on_file, &
7184	nxlc, nysc, &
7185	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7186	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7187	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7188
7189	CASE ( 't_soil_v(1)' )
7190
7191	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7192	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_v(1)%var_2d ) ) &
7193	ALLOCATE( t_soil_v(1)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7194	1:surf_lsm_v(1)%ns) )
7195	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d(1)%var_2d
7196	ENDIF
7197	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7198	t_soil_v(1)%var_2d, &
7199	tmp_walltype_v_2d(1)%var_2d, &
7200	surf_lsm_v(1)%start_index, &
7201	start_index_on_file, &
7202	end_index_on_file, &
7203	nxlc, nysc, &
7204	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7205	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7206	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7207
7208	CASE ( 't_soil_v(2)' )
7209
7210	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7211	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_v(2)%var_2d ) ) &
7212	ALLOCATE( t_soil_v(2)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7213	1:surf_lsm_v(2)%ns) )
7214	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d(2)%var_2d
7215	ENDIF
7216	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7217	t_soil_v(2)%var_2d, &
7218	tmp_walltype_v_2d(2)%var_2d, &
7219	surf_lsm_v(2)%start_index, &
7220	start_index_on_file, &
7221	end_index_on_file, &
7222	nxlc, nysc, &
7223	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7224	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7225	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7226
7227	CASE ( 't_soil_v(3)' )
7228
7229	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7230	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_v(3)%var_2d ) ) &
7231	ALLOCATE( t_soil_v(1)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7232	1:surf_lsm_v(3)%ns) )
7233	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d(3)%var_2d
7234	ENDIF
7235	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7236	t_soil_v(3)%var_2d, &
7237	tmp_walltype_v_2d(3)%var_2d, &
7238	surf_lsm_v(3)%start_index, &
7239	start_index_on_file, &
7240	end_index_on_file, &
7241	nxlc, nysc, &
7242	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7243	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7244	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7245
7246	CASE ( 'm_soil_h(0)' )
7247
7248	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7249	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_h(0)%var_2d ) ) &
7250	ALLOCATE( m_soil_h(0)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7251	1:surf_lsm_h(0)%ns) )
7252	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_2d2(0)%var_2d
7253	ENDIF
7254	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7255	m_soil_h(0)%var_2d, &
7256	tmp_walltype_h_2d2(0)%var_2d, &
7257	surf_lsm_h(0)%start_index, &
7258	start_index_on_file, &
7259	end_index_on_file, &
7260	nxlc, nysc, &
7261	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7262	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7263	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7264
7265	CASE ( 'm_soil_h(1)' )
7266
7267	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7268	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_h(1)%var_2d ) ) &
7269	ALLOCATE( m_soil_h(1)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7270	1:surf_lsm_h(1)%ns) )
7271	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_2d2(1)%var_2d
7272	ENDIF
7273	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7274	m_soil_h(1)%var_2d, &
7275	tmp_walltype_h_2d2(1)%var_2d, &
7276	surf_lsm_h(1)%start_index, &
7277	start_index_on_file, &
7278	end_index_on_file, &
7279	nxlc, nysc, &
7280	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7281	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7282	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7283
7284	CASE ( 'm_soil_v(0)' )
7285
7286	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7287	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_v(0)%var_2d ) ) &
7288	ALLOCATE( m_soil_v(0)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7289	1:surf_lsm_v(0)%ns) )
7290	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d2(0)%var_2d
7291	ENDIF
7292	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7293	m_soil_v(0)%var_2d, &
7294	tmp_walltype_v_2d2(0)%var_2d, &
7295	surf_lsm_v(0)%start_index, &
7296	start_index_on_file, &
7297	end_index_on_file, &
7298	nxlc, nysc, &
7299	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7300	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7301	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7302
7303	CASE ( 'm_soil_v(1)' )
7304
7305	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7306	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_v(1)%var_2d ) ) &
7307	ALLOCATE( m_soil_v(1)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7308	1:surf_lsm_v(1)%ns) )
7309	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d2(1)%var_2d
7310	ENDIF
7311	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7312	m_soil_v(1)%var_2d, &
7313	tmp_walltype_v_2d2(1)%var_2d, &
7314	surf_lsm_v(1)%start_index, &
7315	start_index_on_file, &
7316	end_index_on_file, &
7317	nxlc, nysc, &
7318	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7319	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7320	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7321
7322
7323	CASE ( 'm_soil_v(2)' )
7324
7325	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7326	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_v(2)%var_2d ) ) &
7327	ALLOCATE( m_soil_v(2)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7328	1:surf_lsm_v(2)%ns) )
7329	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d2(2)%var_2d
7330	ENDIF
7331	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7332	m_soil_v(2)%var_2d, &
7333	tmp_walltype_v_2d2(2)%var_2d, &
7334	surf_lsm_v(2)%start_index, &
7335	start_index_on_file, &
7336	end_index_on_file, &
7337	nxlc, nysc, &
7338	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7339	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7340	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7341
7342
7343	CASE ( 'm_soil_v(3)' )
7344
7345	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7346	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_v(3)%var_2d ) ) &
7347	ALLOCATE( m_soil_v(1)%var_2d(nzb_soil:nzt_soil+1, &
7348	1:surf_lsm_v(3)%ns) )
7349	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_2d2(3)%var_2d
7350	ENDIF
7351	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7352	m_soil_v(3)%var_2d, &
7353	tmp_walltype_v_2d2(3)%var_2d, &
7354	surf_lsm_v(3)%start_index, &
7355	start_index_on_file, &
7356	end_index_on_file, &
7357	nxlc, nysc, &
7358	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7359	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7360	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7361
7362
7363	CASE ( 'm_liq_h(0)' )
7364
7365	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7366	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_h(0)%var_1d ) ) &
7367	ALLOCATE( m_liq_h(0)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(0)%ns) )
7368	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_1d(0)%var_1d
7369	ENDIF
7370	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7371	m_liq_h(0)%var_1d, &
7372	tmp_walltype_h_1d(0)%var_1d, &
7373	surf_lsm_h(0)%start_index, &
7374	start_index_on_file, &
7375	end_index_on_file, &
7376	nxlc, nysc, &
7377	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7378	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7379	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7380
7381	CASE ( 'm_liq_h(1)' )
7382
7383	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7384	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_h(1)%var_1d ) ) &
7385	ALLOCATE( m_liq_h(1)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(1)%ns) )
7386	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_1d(1)%var_1d
7387	ENDIF
7388	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7389	m_liq_h(1)%var_1d, &
7390	tmp_walltype_h_1d(1)%var_1d, &
7391	surf_lsm_h(1)%start_index, &
7392	start_index_on_file, &
7393	end_index_on_file, &
7394	nxlc, nysc, &
7395	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7396	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7397	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7398
7399
7400	CASE ( 'm_liq_v(0)' )
7401
7402	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7403	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_v(0)%var_1d ) ) &
7404	ALLOCATE( m_liq_v(0)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(0)%ns) )
7405	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(0)%var_1d
7406	ENDIF
7407	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7408	m_liq_v(0)%var_1d, &
7409	tmp_walltype_v_1d(0)%var_1d, &
7410	surf_lsm_v(0)%start_index, &
7411	start_index_on_file, &
7412	end_index_on_file, &
7413	nxlc, nysc, &
7414	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7415	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7416	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7417
7418
7419	CASE ( 'm_liq_v(1)' )
7420
7421	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7422	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_v(1)%var_1d ) ) &
7423	ALLOCATE( m_liq_v(1)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(1)%ns) )
7424	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(1)%var_1d
7425	ENDIF
7426	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7427	m_liq_v(1)%var_1d, &
7428	tmp_walltype_v_1d(1)%var_1d, &
7429	surf_lsm_v(1)%start_index, &
7430	start_index_on_file, &
7431	end_index_on_file, &
7432	nxlc, nysc, &
7433	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7434	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7435	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7436
7437
7438	CASE ( 'm_liq_v(2)' )
7439
7440	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7441	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_v(2)%var_1d ) ) &
7442	ALLOCATE( m_liq_v(2)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(2)%ns) )
7443	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(2)%var_1d
7444	ENDIF
7445	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7446	m_liq_v(2)%var_1d, &
7447	tmp_walltype_v_1d(2)%var_1d, &
7448	surf_lsm_v(2)%start_index, &
7449	start_index_on_file, &
7450	end_index_on_file, &
7451	nxlc, nysc, &
7452	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7453	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7454	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7455
7456	CASE ( 'm_liq_v(3)' )
7457
7458	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7459	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_v(3)%var_1d ) ) &
7460	ALLOCATE( m_liq_v(3)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(3)%ns) )
7461	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(3)%var_1d
7462	ENDIF
7463	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7464	m_liq_v(3)%var_1d, &
7465	tmp_walltype_v_1d(3)%var_1d, &
7466	surf_lsm_v(3)%start_index, &
7467	start_index_on_file, &
7468	end_index_on_file, &
7469	nxlc, nysc, &
7470	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7471	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7472	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7473
7474
7475	CASE ( 't_surface_h(0)' )
7476
7477	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7478	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_surface_h(0)%var_1d ) ) &
7479	ALLOCATE( t_surface_h(0)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(0)%ns) )
7480	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_1d(0)%var_1d
7481	ENDIF
7482	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7483	t_surface_h(0)%var_1d, &
7484	tmp_walltype_h_1d(0)%var_1d, &
7485	surf_lsm_h(0)%start_index, &
7486	start_index_on_file, &
7487	end_index_on_file, &
7488	nxlc, nysc, &
7489	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7490	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7491	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7492
7493	CASE ( 't_surface_h(1)' )
7494
7495	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7496	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_surface_h(1)%var_1d ) ) &
7497	ALLOCATE( t_surface_h(1)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_h(1)%ns) )
7498	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_h_1d(1)%var_1d
7499	ENDIF
7500	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7501	t_surface_h(1)%var_1d, &
7502	tmp_walltype_h_1d(1)%var_1d, &
7503	surf_lsm_h(1)%start_index, &
7504	start_index_on_file, &
7505	end_index_on_file, &
7506	nxlc, nysc, &
7507	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7508	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7509	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7510
7511	CASE ( 't_surface_v(0)' )
7512
7513	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7514	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_surface_v(0)%var_1d ) ) &
7515	ALLOCATE( t_surface_v(0)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(0)%ns) )
7516	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(0)%var_1d
7517	ENDIF
7518	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7519	t_surface_v(0)%var_1d, &
7520	tmp_walltype_v_1d(0)%var_1d, &
7521	surf_lsm_v(0)%start_index, &
7522	start_index_on_file, &
7523	end_index_on_file, &
7524	nxlc, nysc, &
7525	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7526	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7527	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7528
7529	CASE ( 't_surface_v(1)' )
7530
7531	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7532	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_surface_v(1)%var_1d ) ) &
7533	ALLOCATE( t_surface_v(1)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(1)%ns) )
7534	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(1)%var_1d
7535	ENDIF
7536	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7537	t_surface_v(1)%var_1d, &
7538	tmp_walltype_v_1d(1)%var_1d, &
7539	surf_lsm_v(1)%start_index, &
7540	start_index_on_file, &
7541	end_index_on_file, &
7542	nxlc, nysc, &
7543	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7544	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7545	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7546
7547	CASE ( 't_surface_v(2)' )
7548
7549	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7550	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_surface_v(2)%var_1d ) ) &
7551	ALLOCATE( t_surface_v(2)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(2)%ns) )
7552	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(2)%var_1d
7553	ENDIF
7554	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7555	t_surface_v(2)%var_1d, &
7556	tmp_walltype_v_1d(2)%var_1d, &
7557	surf_lsm_v(2)%start_index, &
7558	start_index_on_file, &
7559	end_index_on_file, &
7560	nxlc, nysc, &
7561	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7562	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7563	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7564
7565	CASE ( 't_surface_v(3)' )
7566
7567	IF ( k == 1 ) THEN
7568	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_surface_v(3)%var_1d ) ) &
7569	ALLOCATE( t_surface_v(3)%var_1d(1:surf_lsm_v(3)%ns) )
7570	READ ( 13 ) tmp_walltype_v_1d(3)%var_1d
7571	ENDIF
7572	CALL surface_restore_elements( &
7573	t_surface_v(3)%var_1d, &
7574	tmp_walltype_v_1d(3)%var_1d, &
7575	surf_lsm_v(3)%start_index, &
7576	start_index_on_file, &
7577	end_index_on_file, &
7578	nxlc, nysc, &
7579	nxlf, nxrf, nysf, nynf, &
7580	nys_on_file, nyn_on_file, &
7581	nxl_on_file,nxr_on_file )
7582
7583	CASE DEFAULT
7584
7585	found = .FALSE.
7586
7587	END SELECT
7588
7589
7590	END SUBROUTINE lsm_rrd_local_ftn
7591
7592	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7593	!
7594	! Description:
7595	! ------------
7596	!> Read module-specific local restart data arrays (MPI-IO).
7597	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7598	SUBROUTINE lsm_rrd_local_mpi
7599
7600	USE control_parameters
7601
7602	USE indices
7603
7604	USE pegrid
7605
7606
7607	IMPLICIT NONE
7608
7609	CHARACTER(LEN=1) :: dum !< dummy to create correct string for creating variable string
7610
7611	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index surface orientation
7612
7613	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) :: end_index
7614	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) :: global_start
7615	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) :: start_index
7616
7617	LOGICAL :: array_found
7618	LOGICAL :: ldum
7619
7620
7621	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'c_liq_av', found = array_found )
7622	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7623	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_liq_av ) ) ALLOCATE( c_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7624	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'c_liq_av', c_liq_av )
7625	ENDIF
7626
7627	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'c_soil_av', found = array_found )
7628	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7629	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_soil_av ) ) ALLOCATE( c_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7630	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'c_soil_av', c_soil_av )
7631	ENDIF
7632
7633	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'c_veg_av', found = array_found )
7634	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7635	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( c_veg_av ) ) ALLOCATE( c_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7636	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'c_veg_av', c_veg_av )
7637	ENDIF
7638
7639	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'lai_av', found = array_found )
7640	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7641	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( lai_av ) ) ALLOCATE( lai_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7642	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lai_av', lai_av )
7643	ENDIF
7644
7645	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'm_liq_av', found = array_found )
7646	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7647	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_liq_av ) ) ALLOCATE( m_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7648	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'm_liq_av', m_liq_av )
7649	ENDIF
7650
7651	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'm_soil_av', found = array_found )
7652	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7653	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( m_soil_av ) ) ALLOCATE( m_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7654	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'm_soil_av', m_soil_av, nzb_soil, nzt_soil )
7655	ENDIF
7656
7657	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'qsws_liq_av', found = array_found )
7658	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7659	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_liq_av ) ) ALLOCATE( qsws_liq_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7660	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'qsws_liq_av', qsws_liq_av )
7661	ENDIF
7662
7663	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'qsws_soil_av', found = array_found )
7664	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7665	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_soil_av ) ) ALLOCATE( qsws_soil_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7666	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'qsws_soil_av', qsws_soil_av )
7667	ENDIF
7668
7669	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 'qsws_veg_av', found = array_found )
7670	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7671	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( qsws_veg_av ) ) ALLOCATE( qsws_veg_av(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7672	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'qsws_veg_av', qsws_veg_av )
7673	ENDIF
7674
7675	CALL rd_mpi_io_check_array( 't_soil_av', found = array_found )
7676	IF ( array_found ) THEN
7677	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( t_soil_av ) ) ALLOCATE( t_soil_av(nzb_soil:nzt_soil,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
7678	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 't_soil_av', t_soil_av, nzb_soil, nzt_soil )
7679	ENDIF
7680
7681	DO l = 0, 1
7682
7683	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
7684
7685	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_start_index_h_' // dum, surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index )
7686	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_end_index_h_' // dum, surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index )
7687	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_global_start_index_h_' // dum, global_start )
7688
7689	CALL rd_mpi_io_surface_filetypes ( surf_lsm_h(l)%start_index, surf_lsm_h(l)%end_index, ldum, &
7690	global_start )
7691
7692	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_soil_h(' // dum // ')', t_soil_h(l)%var_2d )
7693	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_soil_h(' // dum // ')', m_soil_h(l)%var_2d )
7694	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_liq_h(' // dum // ')', m_liq_h(l)%var_1d )
7695	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_surface_h(' // dum // ')', t_surface_h(l)%var_1d )
7696	ENDDO
7697
7698	DO l = 0, 3
7699
7700	WRITE( dum, '(I1)') l
7701
7702	!kk In case of nothing to do, the settings of start_index and end_index differ
7703	!kk between writing and reading restart file
7704	!kk
7705	!kk Has to be discussed with the developpers
7706
7707	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_start_index_v_' // dum, start_index )
7708	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_end_index_v_' // dum, end_index )
7709	CALL rrd_mpi_io( 'lsm_global_start_index_v_' // dum , global_start )
7710
7711	CALL rd_mpi_io_surface_filetypes( start_index, end_index, ldum, global_start )
7712
7713	IF ( MAXVAL( end_index ) <= 0 ) CYCLE
7714
7715	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_soil_v(' // dum // ')', t_soil_v(l)%var_2d )
7716	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_soil_v(' // dum // ')', m_soil_v(l)%var_2d )
7717	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 'm_liq_v(' // dum // ')', m_liq_v(l)%var_1d )
7718	CALL rrd_mpi_io_surface( 't_surface_v(' // dum // ')', t_surface_v(l)%var_1d )
7719
7720	ENDDO
7721
7722	END SUBROUTINE lsm_rrd_local_mpi
7723
7724	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7725	! Description:
7726	! ------------
7727	!> Calculation of roughness length for open water (lakes, ocean). The
7728	!> parameterization follows Charnock (1955). Two different implementations
7729	!> are available: as in ECMWF-IFS (Beljaars 1994) or as in FLake (Subin et al.
7730	!> 2012)
7731	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7732	SUBROUTINE calc_z0_water_surface
7733
7734	USE control_parameters, &
7735	ONLY: message_string, &
7736	molecular_viscosity
7737
7738	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index
7739	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index
7740	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index
7741
7742	LOGICAL :: flag_exceed_z0 = .FALSE. !< dummy flag to indicate whether roughness length is too high
7743	LOGICAL :: flag_exceed_z0h = .FALSE. !< dummy flag to indicate whether roughness length for scalars is too high
7744
7745	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: alpha_ch = 0.018_wp !< Charnock constant (0.01-0.11). Use 0.01 for FLake and 0.018 for ECMWF
7746	! REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: pr_number = 0.71_wp !< molecular Prandtl number in the Charnock parameterization (differs from prandtl_number)
7747	! REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: sc_number = 0.66_wp !< molecular Schmidt number in the Charnock parameterization
7748	! REAL(wp) :: re_0 !< near-surface roughness Reynolds number
7749
7750	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h(0)%ns
7751	!-- only upward facin horizontal surfaces are considered for water surface processing
7752	i = surf_lsm_h(0)%i(m)
7753	j = surf_lsm_h(0)%j(m)
7754
7755	IF ( surf_lsm_h(0)%water_surface(m) ) THEN
7756
7757	!
7758	!-- Disabled: FLake parameterization. Ideally, the Charnock
7759	!-- coefficient should depend on the water depth and the fetch
7760	!-- length
7761	! re_0 = z0(j,i) * us(j,i) / molecular_viscosity
7762	!
7763	! z0(j,i) = MAX( 0.1_wp * molecular_viscosity / us(j,i), &
7764	! alpha_ch * us(j,i) / g )
7765	!
7766	! z0h(j,i) = z0(j,i) * EXP( - kappa / pr_number * ( 4.0_wp * SQRT( re_0 ) - 3.2_wp ) )
7767	! z0q(j,i) = z0(j,i) * EXP( - kappa / pr_number * ( 4.0_wp * SQRT( re_0 ) - 4.2_wp ) )
7768
7769	!
7770	!-- Set minimum roughness length for u* > 0.2
7771	! IF ( us(j,i) > 0.2_wp ) THEN
7772	! z0h(j,i) = MAX( 1.0E-5_wp, z0h(j,i) )
7773	! z0q(j,i) = MAX( 1.0E-5_wp, z0q(j,i) )
7774	! ENDIF
7775
7776	!
7777	!-- ECMWF IFS model parameterization after Beljaars (1994). At low
7778	!-- wind speed, the sea surface becomes aerodynamically smooth and
7779	!-- the roughness scales with the viscosity. At high wind speed, the
7780	!-- Charnock relation is used. Add a security factor of 1E-8 to avoid
7781	!-- divisions by zero.
7782	surf_lsm_h(0)%z0(m) = ( 0.11_wp * molecular_viscosity / &
7783	( surf_lsm_h(0)%us(m) + 1E-8_wp ) ) &
7784	+ ( alpha_ch * surf_lsm_h(0)%us(m)**2 / g )
7785
7786	surf_lsm_h(0)%z0h(m) = 0.40_wp * molecular_viscosity / &
7787	( surf_lsm_h(0)%us(m) + 1E-8_wp )
7788	surf_lsm_h(0)%z0q(m) = 0.62_wp * molecular_viscosity / &
7789	( surf_lsm_h(0)%us(m) + 1E-8_wp )
7790
7791
7792	IF ( surf_lsm_h(0)%z0(m) > 0.1_wp * surf_lsm_h(0)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
7793	surf_lsm_h(0)%z0(m) = 0.1_wp * surf_lsm_h(0)%z_mo(m)
7794	flag_exceed_z0 = .TRUE.
7795	ENDIF
7796
7797	IF ( surf_lsm_h(0)%z0h(m) >= 0.1_wp * surf_lsm_h(0)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
7798	surf_lsm_h(0)%z0h(m) = 0.1_wp * surf_lsm_h(0)%z_mo(m)
7799	flag_exceed_z0h = .TRUE.
7800	ENDIF
7801
7802	IF ( surf_lsm_h(0)%z0q(m) >= 0.1_wp * surf_lsm_h(0)%z_mo(m) ) THEN
7803	surf_lsm_h(0)%z0q(m) = 0.1_wp * surf_lsm_h(0)%z_mo(m)
7804	flag_exceed_z0h = .TRUE.
7805	ENDIF
7806
7807
7808	ENDIF
7809	ENDDO
7810	#if defined( __parallel )
7811	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, flag_exceed_z0, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
7812	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
7813	#endif
7814	IF ( flag_exceed_z0 ) THEN
7815	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'z0 exceeds surface-layer height ' // &
7816	'at horizontal sea surface(s) and ' // &
7817	'is decreased appropriately'
7818	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0508', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
7819	ENDIF
7820	#if defined( __parallel )
7821	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( MPI_IN_PLACE, flag_exceed_z0h, 1, MPI_LOGICAL, &
7822	MPI_LOR, comm2d, ierr)
7823	#endif
7824	IF ( flag_exceed_z0h ) THEN
7825	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'z0h/q exceeds surface-layer height ' // &
7826	'at horizontal sea surface(s) and ' // &
7827	'is decreased appropriately'
7828	CALL message( 'land_surface_model_mod', 'PA0508', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
7829	ENDIF
7830
7831	END SUBROUTINE calc_z0_water_surface
7832
7833
7834	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7835	! Description:
7836	! ------------
7837	!> Vertical interpolation and extrapolation of 1D soil profile input from
7838	!> dynamic input file onto the numeric vertical soil grid.
7839	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7840	SUBROUTINE interpolate_soil_profile( var, var_file, z_grid, z_file, &
7841	nzb_var, nzt_var, nzb_file, nzt_file )
7842
7843	IMPLICIT NONE
7844
7845	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index z-direction file
7846	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< running index z-direction stretched model grid
7847	INTEGER(iwp) :: ku !< upper index bound along z-direction for varialbe from file
7848	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_var !< lower bound of final array
7849	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_var !< upper bound of final array
7850	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_file !< lower bound of file array
7851	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_file !< upper bound of file array
7852
7853	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_var:nzt_var) :: z_grid !< grid levels on numeric grid
7854	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_file:nzt_file) :: z_file !< grid levels on file grid
7855	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_var:nzt_var) :: var !< treated variable
7856	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(nzb_file:nzt_file) :: var_file !< temporary variable
7857
7858	ku = nzt_file
7859
7860	DO k = nzb_var, nzt_var
7861	!
7862	!-- Determine index on Inifor grid which is closest to the actual height
7863	kk = MINLOC( ABS( z_file - z_grid(k) ), DIM = 1 )
7864	!
7865	!-- If closest index on Inifor grid is smaller than top index,
7866	!-- interpolate the data
7867	IF ( kk < nzt_file ) THEN
7868	IF ( z_file(kk) - z_grid(k) <= 0.0_wp ) THEN
7869	var(k) = var_file(kk) + ( var_file(kk+1) - var_file(kk) ) / &
7870	( z_file(kk+1) - z_file(kk) ) * &
7871	( z_grid(k) - z_file(kk) )
7872
7873	ELSEIF ( z_file(kk) - z_grid(k) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
7874	var(k) = var_file(kk-1) + ( var_file(kk) - var_file(kk-1) ) / &
7875	( z_file(kk) - z_file(kk-1) ) * &
7876	( z_grid(k) - z_file(kk-1) )
7877	ENDIF
7878	!
7879	!-- Extrapolate if actual height is above the highest Inifor level by the last value
7880	ELSE
7881	var(k) = var_file(ku)
7882	ENDIF
7883
7884	ENDDO
7885
7886	END SUBROUTINE interpolate_soil_profile
7887
7888	!
7889	!-- Integrated stability function for heat and moisture
7890	FUNCTION psi_h( zeta )
7891
7892	USE kinds
7893
7894	IMPLICIT NONE
7895
7896	REAL(wp) :: psi_h !< Integrated similarity function result
7897	REAL(wp) :: zeta !< Stability parameter z/L
7898	REAL(wp) :: x !< dummy variable
7899
7900	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: a = 1.0_wp !< constant
7901	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: b = 0.66666666666_wp !< constant
7902	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: c = 5.0_wp !< constant
7903	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: d = 0.35_wp !< constant
7904	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: c_d_d = c / d !< constant
7905	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: bc_d_d = b * c / d !< constant
7906
7907
7908	IF ( zeta < 0.0_wp ) THEN
7909	x = SQRT( 1.0_wp - 16.0_wp * zeta )
7910	psi_h = 2.0_wp * LOG( (1.0_wp + x ) / 2.0_wp )
7911	ELSE
7912	psi_h = - b * ( zeta - c_d_d ) * EXP( -d * zeta ) - (1.0_wp &
7913	+ 0.66666666666_wp * a * zeta )**1.5_wp - bc_d_d &
7914	+ 1.0_wp
7915	!
7916	!-- Old version for stable conditions (only valid for z/L < 0.5)
7917	!-- psi_h = - 5.0_wp * zeta
7918	ENDIF
7919
7920	END FUNCTION psi_h
7921
7922	END MODULE land_surface_model_mod

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