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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_grid.f90 @ 1248

Last change on this file since 1248 was 1222, checked in by raasch, 11 years ago
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1	SUBROUTINE init_grid
2
3	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
4	! This file is part of PALM.
5	!
6	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
7	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
8	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2012 Leibniz University Hannover
18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: init_grid.f90 1222 2013-09-10 14:48:09Z heinze $
27	!
28	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
29	! wall_flags_00 introduced to hold bits 32-63,
30	! additional 3D-flag arrays for replacing the 2D-index array nzb_s_inner in
31	! loops optimized for openACC (pres + flow_statistics)
32	!
33	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
34	! unused variables removed
35	!
36	! 1069 2012-11-28 16:18:43Z maronga
37	! bugfix: added coupling_char to TOPOGRAPHY_DATA to allow topography in the ocean
38	! model in case of coupled runs
39	!
40	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
41	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
42	!
43	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
44	! lower index for calculating wall_flags_0 set to nzb_w_inner instead of
45	! nzb_w_inner+1
46	!
47	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
48	! little reformatting
49	!
50	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
51	! Bugfix: nzb_max is set to nzt at non-cyclic lateral boundaries
52	! Bugfix: Set wall_flags_0 for inflow boundary
53	!
54	! 927 2012-06-06 19:15:04Z raasch
55	! Wall flags are not set for multigrid method in case of masking method
56	!
57	! 864 2012-03-27 15:10:33Z gryschka
58	! In case of ocean and Dirichlet bottom bc for u and v dzu_mg and ddzu_pres
59	! were not correctly defined for k=1.
60	!
61	! 861 2012-03-26 14:18:34Z suehring
62	! Set wall_flags_0. The array is needed for degradation in ws-scheme near walls,
63	! inflow and outflow boundaries as well as near the bottom and the top of the
64	! model domain.!
65	! Initialization of nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner.
66	! gls has to be at least nbgp to do not exceed the array bounds of nzb_local
67	! while setting wall_flags_0
68	!
69	! 843 2012-02-29 15:16:21Z gryschka
70	! In case of ocean and dirichlet bc for u and v at the bottom
71	! the first u-level ist defined at same height as the first w-level
72	!
73	! 818 2012-02-08 16:11:23Z maronga
74	! Bugfix: topo_height is only required if topography is used. It is thus now
75	! allocated in the topography branch
76	!
77	! 809 2012-01-30 13:32:58Z maronga
78	! Bugfix: replaced .AND. and .NOT. with && and ! in the preprocessor directives
79	!
80	! 807 2012-01-25 11:53:51Z maronga
81	! New cpp directive "__check" implemented which is used by check_namelist_files
82	!
83	! 759 2011-09-15 13:58:31Z raasch
84	! Splitting of parallel I/O in blocks of PEs
85	!
86	! 722 2011-04-11 06:21:09Z raasch
87	! Bugfix: bc_lr/ns_cyc replaced by bc_lr/ns, because variables are not yet set
88	! here
89	!
90	! 709 2011-03-30 09:31:40Z raasch
91	! formatting adjustments
92	!
93	! 707 2011-03-29 11:39:40Z raasch
94	! bc_lr/ns replaced by bc_lr/ns_cyc
95	!
96	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
97	! Definition of new array bounds nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng on each PE.
98	! Furthermore the allocation of arrays and steering of loops is done with these
99	! parameters. Call of exchange_horiz are modified.
100	! In case of dirichlet bounday condition at the bottom zu(0)=0.0
101	! dzu_mg has to be set explicitly for a equally spaced grid near bottom.
102	! ddzu_pres added to use a equally spaced grid near bottom.
103	!
104	! 555 2010-09-07 07:32:53Z raasch
105	! Bugfix: default setting of nzb_local for flat topography
106	!
107	! 274 2009-03-26 15:11:21Z heinze
108	! Output of messages replaced by message handling routine.
109	! new topography case 'single_street_canyon'
110	!
111	! 217 2008-12-09 18:00:48Z letzel
112	! +topography_grid_convention
113	!
114	! 134 2007-11-21 07:28:38Z letzel
115	! Redefine initial nzb_local as the actual total size of topography (later the
116	! extent of topography in nzb_local is reduced by 1dx at the E topography walls
117	! and by 1dy at the N topography walls to form the basis for nzb_s_inner);
118	! for consistency redefine 'single_building' case.
119	! Calculation of wall flag arrays
120	!
121	! 94 2007-06-01 15:25:22Z raasch
122	! Grid definition for ocean version
123	!
124	! 75 2007-03-22 09:54:05Z raasch
125	! storage of topography height arrays zu_s_inner and zw_s_inner,
126	! 2nd+3rd argument removed from exchange horiz
127	!
128	! 19 2007-02-23 04:53:48Z raasch
129	! Setting of nzt_diff
130	!
131	! RCS Log replace by Id keyword, revision history cleaned up
132	!
133	! Revision 1.17 2006/08/22 14:00:05 raasch
134	! +dz_max to limit vertical stretching,
135	! bugfix in index array initialization for line- or point-like topography
136	! structures
137	!
138	! Revision 1.1 1997/08/11 06:17:45 raasch
139	! Initial revision (Testversion)
140	!
141	!
142	! Description:
143	! ------------
144	! Creating grid depending constants
145	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
146
147	USE arrays_3d
148	USE control_parameters
149	USE grid_variables
150	USE indices
151	USE pegrid
152
153	IMPLICIT NONE
154
155	INTEGER :: bh, blx, bly, bxl, bxr, byn, bys, ch, cwx, cwy, cxl, cxr, cyn, &
156	cys, gls, i, ii, inc, j, k, l, nxl_l, nxr_l, nyn_l, nys_l, &
157	nzb_si, nzt_l, vi
158
159	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vertical_influence
160
161	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, &
162	corner_sr, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r,&
163	wall_s, nzb_local, nzb_tmp
164
165	LOGICAL :: flag_set = .FALSE.
166
167	REAL :: dx_l, dy_l, dz_stretched
168
169	REAL, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: topo_height
170
171
172	!
173	!-- Calculation of horizontal array bounds including ghost layers
174	nxlg = nxl - nbgp
175	nxrg = nxr + nbgp
176	nysg = nys - nbgp
177	nyng = nyn + nbgp
178
179	!
180	!-- Allocate grid arrays
181	ALLOCATE( ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1), dd2zu(1:nzt), dzu(1:nzt+1), &
182	dzw(1:nzt+1), l_grid(1:nzt), zu(nzb:nzt+1), zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
183
184	!
185	!-- Compute height of u-levels from constant grid length and dz stretch factors
186	IF ( dz == -1.0 ) THEN
187	message_string = 'missing dz'
188	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0200', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
189	ELSEIF ( dz <= 0.0 ) THEN
190	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'dz=',dz,' <= 0.0'
191	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0201', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
192	ENDIF
193
194	!
195	!-- Define the vertical grid levels
196	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
197	!
198	!-- Grid for atmosphere with surface at z=0 (k=0, w-grid).
199	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the
200	!-- Prandtl-layer.
201
202	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
203	zu(0) = 0.0
204	! zu(0) = - dz * 0.5
205	ELSE
206	zu(0) = - dz * 0.5
207	ENDIF
208	zu(1) = dz * 0.5
209
210	dz_stretch_level_index = nzt+1
211	dz_stretched = dz
212	DO k = 2, nzt+1
213	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= zu(k-1) .AND. dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
214	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
215	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
216	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == nzt+1 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k-1
217	ENDIF
218	zu(k) = zu(k-1) + dz_stretched
219	ENDDO
220
221	!
222	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
223	!-- corresponding u-levels. In case of dirichlet bc for u and v at the
224	!-- ground the first u- and w-level (k=0) are defined at same height (z=0).
225	!-- The top w-level is extrapolated linearly.
226	zw(0) = 0.0
227	DO k = 1, nzt
228	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5
229	ENDDO
230	zw(nzt+1) = zw(nzt) + 2.0 * ( zu(nzt+1) - zw(nzt) )
231
232	ELSE
233	!
234	!-- Grid for ocean with free water surface is at k=nzt (w-grid).
235	!-- In case of neumann bc at the ground the first first u-level (k=0) lies
236	!-- below the first w-level (k=0). In case of dirichlet bc the first u- and
237	!-- w-level are defined at same height, but staggered from the second level.
238	!-- The second u-level (k=1) corresponds to the top of the Prandtl-layer.
239	zu(nzt+1) = dz * 0.5
240	zu(nzt) = - dz * 0.5
241
242	dz_stretch_level_index = 0
243	dz_stretched = dz
244	DO k = nzt-1, 0, -1
245	IF ( dz_stretch_level <= ABS( zu(k+1) ) .AND. &
246	dz_stretched < dz_max ) THEN
247	dz_stretched = dz_stretched * dz_stretch_factor
248	dz_stretched = MIN( dz_stretched, dz_max )
249	IF ( dz_stretch_level_index == 0 ) dz_stretch_level_index = k+1
250	ENDIF
251	zu(k) = zu(k+1) - dz_stretched
252	ENDDO
253
254	!
255	!-- Compute the w-levels. They are always staggered half-way between the
256	!-- corresponding u-levels, except in case of dirichlet bc for u and v
257	!-- at the ground. In this case the first u- and w-level are defined at
258	!-- same height. The top w-level (nzt+1) is not used but set for
259	!-- consistency, since w and all scalar variables are defined up tp nzt+1.
260	zw(nzt+1) = dz
261	zw(nzt) = 0.0
262	DO k = 0, nzt
263	zw(k) = ( zu(k) + zu(k+1) ) * 0.5
264	ENDDO
265
266	!
267	!-- In case of dirichlet bc for u and v the first u- and w-level are defined
268	!-- at same height.
269	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
270	zu(0) = zw(0)
271	ENDIF
272
273	ENDIF
274
275	!
276	!-- Compute grid lengths.
277	DO k = 1, nzt+1
278	dzu(k) = zu(k) - zu(k-1)
279	ddzu(k) = 1.0 / dzu(k)
280	dzw(k) = zw(k) - zw(k-1)
281	ddzw(k) = 1.0 / dzw(k)
282	ENDDO
283
284	DO k = 1, nzt
285	dd2zu(k) = 1.0 / ( dzu(k) + dzu(k+1) )
286	ENDDO
287
288	!
289	!-- The FFT- SOR-pressure solvers assume grid spacings of a staggered grid
290	!-- everywhere. For the actual grid, the grid spacing at the lowest level
291	!-- is only dz/2, but should be dz. Therefore, an additional array
292	!-- containing with appropriate grid information is created for these
293	!-- solvers.
294	IF ( psolver /= 'multigrid' ) THEN
295	ALLOCATE( ddzu_pres(1:nzt+1) )
296	ddzu_pres = ddzu
297	ddzu_pres(1) = ddzu_pres(2) ! change for lowest level
298	ENDIF
299
300	!
301	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
302	!-- grid levels
303	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' ) THEN
304
305	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level), ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level), &
306	dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
307	dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level), &
308	f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
309	f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level), &
310	f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
311
312	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
313	!
314	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
315	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
316
317	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
318	nzt_l = nzt
319	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
320	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0 * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
321	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0 * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
322	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
323	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
324	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
325	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
326	ENDDO
327	ENDDO
328
329	nzt_l = nzt
330	dx_l = dx
331	dy_l = dy
332	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
333	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0 / dx_l**2
334	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0 / dy_l**2
335	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
336	f2_mg(k,l) = 1.0 / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
337	f3_mg(k,l) = 1.0 / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
338	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0 * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) + &
339	f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
340	ENDDO
341	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
342	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0
343	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0
344	ENDDO
345
346	ENDIF
347
348	!
349	!-- Compute the reciprocal values of the horizontal grid lengths.
350	ddx = 1.0 / dx
351	ddy = 1.0 / dy
352	dx2 = dx * dx
353	dy2 = dy * dy
354	ddx2 = 1.0 / dx2
355	ddy2 = 1.0 / dy2
356
357	!
358	!-- Compute the grid-dependent mixing length.
359	DO k = 1, nzt
360	l_grid(k) = ( dx * dy * dzw(k) )**0.33333333333333
361	ENDDO
362
363	!
364	!-- Allocate outer and inner index arrays for topography and set
365	!-- defaults.
366	!-- nzb_local has to contain additional layers of ghost points for calculating
367	!-- the flag arrays needed for the multigrid method
368	gls = 2**( maximum_grid_level )
369	IF ( gls < nbgp ) gls = nbgp
370
371	ALLOCATE( corner_nl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_nr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
372	corner_sl(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), corner_sr(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
373	nzb_local(-gls:ny+gls,-gls:nx+gls), &
374	nzb_tmp(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp), &
375	wall_l(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_n(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
376	wall_r(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), wall_s(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
377	ALLOCATE( fwxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
378	fwym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fwyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
379	fxm(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fxp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
380	fym(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), fyp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
381	nzb_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
382	nzb_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
383	nzb_u_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
384	nzb_u_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
385	nzb_v_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
386	nzb_v_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
387	nzb_w_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
388	nzb_w_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
389	nzb_diff_s_inner(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
390	nzb_diff_s_outer(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
391	nzb_diff_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
392	nzb_diff_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
393	nzb_2d(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
394	rflags_s_inner(nzb:nzt+2,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
395	rflags_invers(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,nzb:nzt+2), &
396	wall_e_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
397	wall_e_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
398	wall_u(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
399	wall_v(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
400	wall_w_x(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
401	wall_w_y(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
402
403
404
405	ALLOCATE( l_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
406
407
408	nzb_s_inner = nzb; nzb_s_outer = nzb
409	nzb_u_inner = nzb; nzb_u_outer = nzb
410	nzb_v_inner = nzb; nzb_v_outer = nzb
411	nzb_w_inner = nzb; nzb_w_outer = nzb
412
413	rflags_s_inner = 1.0
414	rflags_invers = 1.0
415
416	!
417	!-- Define vertical gridpoint from (or to) which on the usual finite difference
418	!-- form (which does not use surface fluxes) is applied
419	IF ( prandtl_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
420	nzb_diff = nzb + 2
421	ELSE
422	nzb_diff = nzb + 1
423	ENDIF
424	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
425	nzt_diff = nzt - 1
426	ELSE
427	nzt_diff = nzt
428	ENDIF
429
430	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_diff
431	nzb_diff_u = nzb_diff; nzb_diff_v = nzb_diff
432
433	wall_e_x = 0.0; wall_e_y = 0.0; wall_u = 0.0; wall_v = 0.0
434	wall_w_x = 0.0; wall_w_y = 0.0
435	fwxp = 1.0; fwxm = 1.0; fwyp = 1.0; fwym = 1.0
436	fxp = 1.0; fxm = 1.0; fyp = 1.0; fym = 1.0
437
438	!
439	!-- Initialize near-wall mixing length l_wall only in the vertical direction
440	!-- for the moment,
441	!-- multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor near the end of this routine
442	l_wall(nzb,:,:) = l_grid(1)
443	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
444	l_wall(k,:,:) = l_grid(k)
445	ENDDO
446	l_wall(nzt+1,:,:) = l_grid(nzt)
447
448	ALLOCATE ( vertical_influence(nzb:nzt) )
449	DO k = 1, nzt
450	vertical_influence(k) = MIN ( INT( l_grid(k) / &
451	( wall_adjustment_factor * dzw(k) ) + 0.5 ), nzt - k )
452	ENDDO
453
454	DO k = 1, MAXVAL( nzb_s_inner )
455	IF ( l_grid(k) > 1.5 * dx * wall_adjustment_factor .OR. &
456	l_grid(k) > 1.5 * dy * wall_adjustment_factor ) THEN
457	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'grid anisotropy exceeds ', &
458	'threshold given by only local', &
459	' &horizontal reduction of near_wall ', &
460	'mixing length l_wall', &
461	' &starting from height level k = ', k, '.'
462	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0202', 0, 1, 0, 6, 0 )
463	EXIT
464	ENDIF
465	ENDDO
466	vertical_influence(0) = vertical_influence(1)
467
468	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
469	DO j = nysg, nyng
470	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1, &
471	nzb_s_inner(j,i) + vertical_influence(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
472	l_wall(k,j,i) = zu(k) - zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
473	ENDDO
474	ENDDO
475	ENDDO
476
477	!
478	!-- Set outer and inner index arrays for non-flat topography.
479	!-- Here consistency checks concerning domain size and periodicity are
480	!-- necessary.
481	!-- Within this SELECT CASE structure only nzb_local is initialized
482	!-- individually depending on the chosen topography type, all other index
483	!-- arrays are initialized further below.
484	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( topography ) )
485
486	CASE ( 'flat' )
487	!
488	!-- nzb_local is required for the multigrid solver
489	nzb_local = 0
490
491	CASE ( 'single_building' )
492	!
493	!-- Single rectangular building, by default centered in the middle of the
494	!-- total domain
495	blx = NINT( building_length_x / dx )
496	bly = NINT( building_length_y / dy )
497	bh = NINT( building_height / dz )
498
499	IF ( building_wall_left == 9999999.9 ) THEN
500	building_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - blx ) / 2 * dx
501	ENDIF
502	bxl = NINT( building_wall_left / dx )
503	bxr = bxl + blx
504
505	IF ( building_wall_south == 9999999.9 ) THEN
506	building_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - bly ) / 2 * dy
507	ENDIF
508	bys = NINT( building_wall_south / dy )
509	byn = bys + bly
510
511	!
512	!-- Building size has to meet some requirements
513	IF ( ( bxl < 1 ) .OR. ( bxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( bxr < bxl+3 ) .OR. &
514	( bys < 1 ) .OR. ( byn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( byn < bys+3 ) ) THEN
515	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent building parameters:', &
516	'& bxl=', bxl, 'bxr=', bxr, 'bys=', bys, &
517	'byn=', byn, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
518	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0203', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
519	ENDIF
520
521	!
522	!-- Define the building.
523	nzb_local = 0
524	nzb_local(bys:byn,bxl:bxr) = bh
525
526	CASE ( 'single_street_canyon' )
527	!
528	!-- Single quasi-2D street canyon of infinite length in x or y direction.
529	!-- The canyon is centered in the other direction by default.
530	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
531	!
532	!-- Street canyon in y direction
533	cwx = NINT( canyon_width_x / dx )
534	IF ( canyon_wall_left == 9999999.9 ) THEN
535	canyon_wall_left = ( nx + 1 - cwx ) / 2 * dx
536	ENDIF
537	cxl = NINT( canyon_wall_left / dx )
538	cxr = cxl + cwx
539
540	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
541	!
542	!-- Street canyon in x direction
543	cwy = NINT( canyon_width_y / dy )
544	IF ( canyon_wall_south == 9999999.9 ) THEN
545	canyon_wall_south = ( ny + 1 - cwy ) / 2 * dy
546	ENDIF
547	cys = NINT( canyon_wall_south / dy )
548	cyn = cys + cwy
549
550	ELSE
551
552	message_string = 'no street canyon width given'
553	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0204', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
554
555	ENDIF
556
557	ch = NINT( canyon_height / dz )
558	dp_level_ind_b = ch
559	!
560	!-- Street canyon size has to meet some requirements
561	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
562	IF ( ( cxl < 1 ) .OR. ( cxr > nx-1 ) .OR. ( cwx < 3 ) .OR. &
563	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
564	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
565	'&cxl=', cxl, 'cxr=', cxr, &
566	'cwx=', cwx, &
567	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
568	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0205', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
569	ENDIF
570	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
571	IF ( ( cys < 1 ) .OR. ( cyn > ny-1 ) .OR. ( cwy < 3 ) .OR. &
572	( ch < 3 ) ) THEN
573	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inconsistent canyon parameters:', &
574	'&cys=', cys, 'cyn=', cyn, &
575	'cwy=', cwy, &
576	'ch=', ch, 'nx=', nx, 'ny=', ny
577	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0206', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
578	ENDIF
579	ENDIF
580	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 .AND. canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) &
581	THEN
582	message_string = 'inconsistent canyon parameters:' // &
583	'&street canyon can only be oriented' // &
584	'&either in x- or in y-direction'
585	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0207', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
586	ENDIF
587
588	nzb_local = ch
589	IF ( canyon_width_x /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
590	nzb_local(:,cxl+1:cxr-1) = 0
591	ELSEIF ( canyon_width_y /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
592	nzb_local(cys+1:cyn-1,:) = 0
593	ENDIF
594
595	CASE ( 'read_from_file' )
596
597	ALLOCATE ( topo_height(0:ny,0:nx) )
598
599	DO ii = 0, io_blocks-1
600	IF ( ii == io_group ) THEN
601
602	!
603	!-- Arbitrary irregular topography data in PALM format (exactly
604	!-- matching the grid size and total domain size)
605	OPEN( 90, FILE='TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//coupling_char, STATUS='OLD', &
606	FORM='FORMATTED', ERR=10 )
607	DO j = ny, 0, -1
608	READ( 90, *, ERR=11, END=11 ) ( topo_height(j,i), i = 0,nx )
609	ENDDO
610
611	GOTO 12
612
613	10 message_string = 'file TOPOGRAPHY'//coupling_char//' does not exist'
614	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0208', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
615
616	11 message_string = 'errors in file TOPOGRAPHY_DATA'//coupling_char
617	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0209', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
618
619	12 CLOSE( 90 )
620
621	ENDIF
622	#if defined( __parallel ) && ! defined ( __check )
623	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
624	#endif
625	ENDDO
626
627	!
628	!-- Calculate the index height of the topography
629	DO i = 0, nx
630	DO j = 0, ny
631	nzb_local(j,i) = NINT( topo_height(j,i) / dz )
632	ENDDO
633	ENDDO
634
635	DEALLOCATE ( topo_height )
636	!
637	!-- Add cyclic boundaries (additional layers are for calculating
638	!-- flag arrays needed for the multigrid sover)
639	nzb_local(-gls:-1,0:nx) = nzb_local(ny-gls+1:ny,0:nx)
640	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,0:nx) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,0:nx)
641	nzb_local(:,-gls:-1) = nzb_local(:,nx-gls+1:nx)
642	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
643
644	CASE DEFAULT
645	!
646	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter topography
647	!-- contains a wrong character string or if the user has defined a special
648	!-- case in the user interface. There, the subroutine user_init_grid
649	!-- checks which of these two conditions applies.
650	CALL user_init_grid( gls, nzb_local )
651
652	END SELECT
653	!
654	!-- Determine the maximum level of topography. Furthermore it is used for
655	!-- steering the degradation of order of the applied advection scheme.
656	!-- In case of non-cyclic lateral boundaries, the order of the advection
657	!-- scheme have to be reduced up to nzt (required at the lateral boundaries).
658	nzb_max = MAXVAL( nzb_local )
659	IF ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l .OR. inflow_r .OR. outflow_r .OR. &
660	inflow_n .OR. outflow_n .OR. inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) THEN
661	nzb_max = nzt
662	ENDIF
663
664	!
665	!-- Consistency checks and index array initialization are only required for
666	!-- non-flat topography, also the initialization of topography height arrays
667	!-- zu_s_inner and zw_w_inner
668	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
669
670	!
671	!-- Consistency checks
672	IF ( MINVAL( nzb_local ) < 0 .OR. MAXVAL( nzb_local ) > nz + 1 ) THEN
673	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'nzb_local values are outside the', &
674	'model domain', &
675	'&MINVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MINVAL(nzb_local), &
676	'&MAXVAL( nzb_local ) = ', MAXVAL(nzb_local)
677	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0210', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
678	ENDIF
679
680	IF ( bc_lr == 'cyclic' ) THEN
681	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(:,-1) /= nzb_local(:,nx) ) .OR. &
682	ANY( nzb_local(:,0) /= nzb_local(:,nx+1) ) ) THEN
683	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
684	' boundary condition in x-direction'
685	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0211', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
686	ENDIF
687	ENDIF
688	IF ( bc_ns == 'cyclic' ) THEN
689	IF ( ANY( nzb_local(-1,:) /= nzb_local(ny,:) ) .OR. &
690	ANY( nzb_local(0,:) /= nzb_local(ny+1,:) ) ) THEN
691	message_string = 'nzb_local does not fulfill cyclic' // &
692	' boundary condition in y-direction'
693	CALL message( 'init_grid', 'PA0212', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
694	ENDIF
695	ENDIF
696
697	IF ( topography_grid_convention == 'cell_edge' ) THEN
698	!
699	!-- The array nzb_local as defined using the 'cell_edge' convention
700	!-- describes the actual total size of topography which is defined at the
701	!-- cell edges where u=0 on the topography walls in x-direction and v=0
702	!-- on the topography walls in y-direction. However, PALM uses individual
703	!-- arrays nzb_u\|v\|w\|s_inner\|outer that are based on nzb_s_inner.
704	!-- Therefore, the extent of topography in nzb_local is now reduced by
705	!-- 1dx at the E topography walls and by 1dy at the N topography walls
706	!-- to form the basis for nzb_s_inner.
707	DO j = -gls, ny + gls
708	DO i = -gls, nx
709	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j,i+1) )
710	ENDDO
711	ENDDO
712	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in x-direction
713	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
714	nzb_local(:,nx+1:nx+gls) = nzb_local(:,0:gls-1)
715	DO i = -gls, nx + gls
716	DO j = -gls, ny
717	nzb_local(j,i) = MIN( nzb_local(j,i), nzb_local(j+1,i) )
718	ENDDO
719	ENDDO
720	!-- apply cyclic boundary conditions in y-direction
721	!(ist das erforderlich? Ursache von Seung Bus Fehler?)
722	nzb_local(ny+1:ny+gls,:) = nzb_local(0:gls-1,:)
723	ENDIF
724
725	!
726	!-- Initialize index arrays nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner
727	nzb_s_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
728	nzb_w_inner = nzb_local(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
729
730	!
731	!-- Initialize remaining index arrays:
732	!-- first pre-initialize them with nzb_s_inner...
733	nzb_u_inner = nzb_s_inner
734	nzb_u_outer = nzb_s_inner
735	nzb_v_inner = nzb_s_inner
736	nzb_v_outer = nzb_s_inner
737	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_inner
738	nzb_s_outer = nzb_s_inner
739
740	!
741	!-- ...then extend pre-initialized arrays in their according directions
742	!-- based on nzb_local using nzb_tmp as a temporary global index array
743
744	!
745	!-- nzb_s_outer:
746	!-- extend nzb_local east-/westwards first, then north-/southwards
747	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
748	DO j = -1, ny + 1
749	DO i = 0, nx
750	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i), &
751	nzb_local(j,i+1) )
752	ENDDO
753	ENDDO
754	DO i = nxl, nxr
755	DO j = nys, nyn
756	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
757	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
758	ENDDO
759	!
760	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
761	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
762	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
763	j = -1
764	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
765	ENDIF
766	IF ( nys == ny ) THEN
767	j = ny + 1
768	nzb_s_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
769	ENDIF
770	ENDDO
771	!
772	!-- nzb_w_outer:
773	!-- identical to nzb_s_outer
774	nzb_w_outer = nzb_s_outer
775
776	!
777	!-- nzb_u_inner:
778	!-- extend nzb_local rightwards only
779	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
780	DO j = -1, ny + 1
781	DO i = 0, nx + 1
782	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j,i-1), nzb_local(j,i) )
783	ENDDO
784	ENDDO
785	nzb_u_inner = nzb_tmp(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)
786
787	!
788	!-- nzb_u_outer:
789	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_u_inner) north-/southwards
790	DO i = nxl, nxr
791	DO j = nys, nyn
792	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
793	nzb_tmp(j+1,i) )
794	ENDDO
795	!
796	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
797	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
798	IF ( nys == 0 ) THEN
799	j = -1
800	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j+1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
801	ENDIF
802	IF ( nys == ny ) THEN
803	j = ny + 1
804	nzb_u_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j-1,i), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
805	ENDIF
806	ENDDO
807
808	!
809	!-- nzb_v_inner:
810	!-- extend nzb_local northwards only
811	nzb_tmp = nzb_local(-nbgp:ny+nbgp,-nbgp:nx+nbgp)
812	DO i = -1, nx + 1
813	DO j = 0, ny + 1
814	nzb_tmp(j,i) = MAX( nzb_local(j-1,i), nzb_local(j,i) )
815	ENDDO
816	ENDDO
817	nzb_v_inner = nzb_tmp(nys-nbgp:nyn+nbgp,nxl-nbgp:nxr+nbgp)
818
819	!
820	!-- nzb_v_outer:
821	!-- extend current nzb_tmp (nzb_v_inner) right-/leftwards
822	DO j = nys, nyn
823	DO i = nxl, nxr
824	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i), &
825	nzb_tmp(j,i+1) )
826	ENDDO
827	!
828	!-- non-cyclic boundary conditions (overwritten by call of
829	!-- exchange_horiz_2d_int below in case of cyclic boundary conditions)
830	IF ( nxl == 0 ) THEN
831	i = -1
832	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i+1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
833	ENDIF
834	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
835	i = nx + 1
836	nzb_v_outer(j,i) = MAX( nzb_tmp(j,i-1), nzb_tmp(j,i) )
837	ENDIF
838	ENDDO
839	#if ! defined ( __check )
840	!
841	!-- Exchange of lateral boundary values (parallel computers) and cyclic
842	!-- boundary conditions, if applicable.
843	!-- Since nzb_s_inner and nzb_w_inner are derived directly from nzb_local
844	!-- they do not require exchange and are not included here.
845	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_inner )
846	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_u_outer )
847	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_inner )
848	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_v_outer )
849	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_w_outer )
850	CALL exchange_horiz_2d_int( nzb_s_outer )
851
852	!
853	!-- Allocate and set the arrays containing the topography height
854	IF ( myid == 0 ) THEN
855
856	ALLOCATE( zu_s_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1), zw_w_inner(0:nx+1,0:ny+1) )
857
858	DO i = 0, nx + 1
859	DO j = 0, ny + 1
860	zu_s_inner(i,j) = zu(nzb_local(j,i))
861	zw_w_inner(i,j) = zw(nzb_local(j,i))
862	ENDDO
863	ENDDO
864
865	ENDIF
866	!
867	!-- Set flag arrays to be used for masking of grid points
868	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
869	DO j = nysg, nyng
870	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
871	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_s_inner(k,j,i) = 0.0
872	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i) ) rflags_invers(j,i,k) = 0.0
873	ENDDO
874	ENDDO
875	ENDDO
876	#endif
877	ENDIF
878
879	#if ! defined ( __check )
880	!
881	!-- Preliminary: to be removed after completion of the topography code!
882	!-- Set the former default k index arrays nzb_2d
883	nzb_2d = nzb
884
885	!
886	!-- Set the individual index arrays which define the k index from which on
887	!-- the usual finite difference form (which does not use surface fluxes) is
888	!-- applied
889	IF ( prandtl_layer .OR. use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
890	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 2
891	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 2
892	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 2
893	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 2
894	ELSE
895	nzb_diff_u = nzb_u_inner + 1
896	nzb_diff_v = nzb_v_inner + 1
897	nzb_diff_s_inner = nzb_s_inner + 1
898	nzb_diff_s_outer = nzb_s_outer + 1
899	ENDIF
900
901	!
902	!-- Calculation of wall switches and factors required by diffusion_u/v.f90 and
903	!-- for limitation of near-wall mixing length l_wall further below
904	corner_nl = 0
905	corner_nr = 0
906	corner_sl = 0
907	corner_sr = 0
908	wall_l = 0
909	wall_n = 0
910	wall_r = 0
911	wall_s = 0
912
913	DO i = nxl, nxr
914	DO j = nys, nyn
915	!
916	!-- u-component
917	IF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
918	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0 ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
919	fym(j,i) = 0.0
920	fyp(j,i) = 1.0
921	ELSEIF ( nzb_u_outer(j,i) > nzb_u_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
922	wall_u(j,i) = 1.0 ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
923	fym(j,i) = 1.0
924	fyp(j,i) = 0.0
925	ENDIF
926	!
927	!-- v-component
928	IF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
929	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0 ! rigth wall (location of adjacent fluid)
930	fxm(j,i) = 0.0
931	fxp(j,i) = 1.0
932	ELSEIF ( nzb_v_outer(j,i) > nzb_v_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
933	wall_v(j,i) = 1.0 ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
934	fxm(j,i) = 1.0
935	fxp(j,i) = 0.0
936	ENDIF
937	!
938	!-- w-component, also used for scalars, separate arrays for shear
939	!-- production of tke
940	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j+1,i) ) THEN
941	wall_e_y(j,i) = 1.0 ! north wall (location of adjacent fluid)
942	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0
943	fwym(j,i) = 0.0
944	fwyp(j,i) = 1.0
945	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j-1,i) ) THEN
946	wall_e_y(j,i) = -1.0 ! south wall (location of adjacent fluid)
947	wall_w_y(j,i) = 1.0
948	fwym(j,i) = 1.0
949	fwyp(j,i) = 0.0
950	ENDIF
951	IF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i+1) ) THEN
952	wall_e_x(j,i) = 1.0 ! right wall (location of adjacent fluid)
953	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0
954	fwxm(j,i) = 0.0
955	fwxp(j,i) = 1.0
956	ELSEIF ( nzb_w_outer(j,i) > nzb_w_outer(j,i-1) ) THEN
957	wall_e_x(j,i) = -1.0 ! left wall (location of adjacent fluid)
958	wall_w_x(j,i) = 1.0
959	fwxm(j,i) = 1.0
960	fwxp(j,i) = 0.0
961	ENDIF
962	!
963	!-- Wall and corner locations inside buildings for limitation of
964	!-- near-wall mixing length l_wall
965	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) ) THEN
966
967	wall_n(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) + 1 ! North wall
968
969	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
970	corner_nl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northleft corner
971	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
972	ENDIF
973
974	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
975	corner_nr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j+1,i), & ! Northright corner
976	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
977	ENDIF
978
979	ENDIF
980
981	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) ) THEN
982
983	wall_s(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) + 1 ! South wall
984	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
985	corner_sl(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southleft corner
986	nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) + 1
987	ENDIF
988
989	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
990	corner_sr(j,i) = MAX( nzb_s_inner(j-1,i), & ! Southright corner
991	nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) + 1
992	ENDIF
993
994	ENDIF
995
996	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) ) THEN
997	wall_l(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) + 1 ! Left wall
998	ENDIF
999
1000	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) > nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) ) THEN
1001	wall_r(j,i) = nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) + 1 ! Right wall
1002	ENDIF
1003
1004	ENDDO
1005	ENDDO
1006
1007	!
1008	!-- Calculate wall flag arrays for the multigrid method
1009	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' ) THEN
1010	!
1011	!-- Gridpoint increment of the current level
1012	inc = 1
1013
1014	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1 , -1
1015
1016	nxl_l = nxl_mg(l)
1017	nxr_l = nxr_mg(l)
1018	nys_l = nys_mg(l)
1019	nyn_l = nyn_mg(l)
1020	nzt_l = nzt_mg(l)
1021
1022	!
1023	!-- Assign the flag level to be calculated
1024	SELECT CASE ( l )
1025	CASE ( 1 )
1026	flags => wall_flags_1
1027	CASE ( 2 )
1028	flags => wall_flags_2
1029	CASE ( 3 )
1030	flags => wall_flags_3
1031	CASE ( 4 )
1032	flags => wall_flags_4
1033	CASE ( 5 )
1034	flags => wall_flags_5
1035	CASE ( 6 )
1036	flags => wall_flags_6
1037	CASE ( 7 )
1038	flags => wall_flags_7
1039	CASE ( 8 )
1040	flags => wall_flags_8
1041	CASE ( 9 )
1042	flags => wall_flags_9
1043	CASE ( 10 )
1044	flags => wall_flags_10
1045	END SELECT
1046
1047	!
1048	!-- Depending on the grid level, set the respective bits in case of
1049	!-- neighbouring walls
1050	!-- Bit 0: wall to the bottom
1051	!-- Bit 1: wall to the top (not realized in remaining PALM code so far)
1052	!-- Bit 2: wall to the south
1053	!-- Bit 3: wall to the north
1054	!-- Bit 4: wall to the left
1055	!-- Bit 5: wall to the right
1056	!-- Bit 6: inside building
1057
1058	flags = 0
1059
1060	!
1061	!-- In case of masking method, flags are not set and multigrid method
1062	!-- works like FFT-solver
1063	IF ( .NOT. masking_method ) THEN
1064
1065	DO i = nxl_l-1, nxr_l+1
1066	DO j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1
1067	DO k = nzb, nzt_l+1
1068
1069	!
1070	!-- Inside/outside building (inside building does not need
1071	!-- further tests for walls)
1072	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1073
1074	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 6 )
1075
1076	ELSE
1077	!
1078	!-- Bottom wall
1079	IF ( (k-1)inc <= nzb_local(jinc,i*inc) ) THEN
1080	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 0 )
1081	ENDIF
1082	!
1083	!-- South wall
1084	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j-1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1085	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 2 )
1086	ENDIF
1087	!
1088	!-- North wall
1089	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local((j+1)inc,i*inc) ) THEN
1090	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 3 )
1091	ENDIF
1092	!
1093	!-- Left wall
1094	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i-1)*inc) ) THEN
1095	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 4 )
1096	ENDIF
1097	!
1098	!-- Right wall
1099	IF ( kinc <= nzb_local(jinc,(i+1)*inc) ) THEN
1100	flags(k,j,i) = IBSET( flags(k,j,i), 5 )
1101	ENDIF
1102
1103	ENDIF
1104
1105	ENDDO
1106	ENDDO
1107	ENDDO
1108
1109	ENDIF
1110
1111	!
1112	!-- Test output of flag arrays
1113	! i = nxl_l
1114	! WRITE (9,*) ' '
1115	! WRITE (9,) ' mg level ', l, ' *', mg_switch_to_pe0_level
1116	! WRITE (9,*) ' inc=', inc, ' i =', nxl_l
1117	! WRITE (9,*) ' nxl_l',nxl_l,' nxr_l=',nxr_l,' nys_l=',nys_l,' nyn_l=',nyn_l
1118	! DO k = nzt_l+1, nzb, -1
1119	! WRITE (9,'(194(1X,I2))') ( flags(k,j,i), j = nys_l-1, nyn_l+1 )
1120	! ENDDO
1121
1122	inc = inc * 2
1123
1124	ENDDO
1125
1126	ENDIF
1127	!
1128	!-- Allocate flags needed for masking walls.
1129	ALLOCATE( wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
1130	wall_flags_00(nzb:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1131	wall_flags_0 = 0
1132	wall_flags_00 = 0
1133
1134	IF ( scalar_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1135	!
1136	!-- Set flags to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1137	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1138	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1139	!-- grid points.
1140	DO i = nxl, nxr
1141	DO j = nys, nyn
1142	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1143	!
1144	!-- scalar - x-direction
1145	!-- WS1 (0), WS3 (1), WS5 (2)
1146	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+1) .OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l )&
1147	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) &
1148	.AND. i == nxr ) ) THEN
1149	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 0 )
1150	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j,i-1) &
1151	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 ) &
1152	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1153	) THEN
1154	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 )
1155	ELSE
1156	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 )
1157	ENDIF
1158	!
1159	!-- scalar - y-direction
1160	!-- WS1 (3), WS3 (4), WS5 (5)
1161	IF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+1,i) .OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s )&
1162	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) &
1163	.AND. j == nyn ) ) THEN
1164	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 )
1165	!-- WS3
1166	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_s_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_s_inner(j-1,i) &
1167	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv ) &
1168	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 ) &
1169	) THEN
1170	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 4 )
1171	!-- WS5
1172	ELSE
1173	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 5 )
1174	ENDIF
1175	!
1176	!-- scalar - z-direction
1177	!-- WS1 (6), WS3 (7), WS5 (8)
1178	flag_set = .FALSE.
1179	IF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1180	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 6 )
1181	flag_set = .TRUE.
1182	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1183	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 7 )
1184	flag_set = .TRUE.
1185	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_s_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1186	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 8 )
1187	ENDIF
1188	ENDDO
1189	ENDDO
1190	ENDDO
1191	ENDIF
1192
1193	IF ( momentum_advec == 'ws-scheme' ) THEN
1194	!
1195	!-- Set wall_flags_0 to steer the degradation of the advection scheme in advec_ws
1196	!-- near topography, inflow- and outflow boundaries as well as bottom and
1197	!-- top of model domain. wall_flags_0 remains zero for all non-prognostic
1198	!-- grid points.
1199	DO i = nxl, nxr
1200	DO j = nys, nyn
1201	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1202	!
1203	!-- u component - x-direction
1204	!-- WS1 (9), WS3 (10), WS5 (11)
1205	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+1) &
1206	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1207	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr ) &
1208	) THEN
1209	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 9 )
1210	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_u_inner(j,i-1) &
1211	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 )&
1212	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu+1)&
1213	) THEN
1214	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 10 )
1215	ELSE
1216	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 11 )
1217	ENDIF
1218
1219	!
1220	!-- u component - y-direction
1221	!-- WS1 (12), WS3 (13), WS5 (14)
1222	IF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+1,i) .OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s )&
1223	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) &
1224	.AND. j == nyn ) ) THEN
1225	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 12 )
1226	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_u_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_u_inner(j-1,i) &
1227	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv ) &
1228	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 ) &
1229	) THEN
1230	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 13 )
1231	ELSE
1232	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 14 )
1233	ENDIF
1234	!
1235	!-- u component - z-direction
1236	!-- WS1 (15), WS3 (16), WS5 (17)
1237	flag_set = .FALSE.
1238	IF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1239	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 15 )
1240	flag_set = .TRUE.
1241	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_u_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1242	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 16 )
1243	flag_set = .TRUE.
1244	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_u_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1245	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 17 )
1246	ENDIF
1247
1248	ENDDO
1249	ENDDO
1250	ENDDO
1251
1252	DO i = nxl, nxr
1253	DO j = nys, nyn
1254	DO k = nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1, nzt
1255	!
1256	!-- v component - x-direction
1257	!-- WS1 (18), WS3 (19), WS5 (20)
1258	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+1) .OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l )&
1259	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. (( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) &
1260	.AND. i == nxr ) ) THEN
1261	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 18 )
1262	!-- WS3
1263	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_v_inner(j,i-1) &
1264	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 ) &
1265	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1266	) THEN
1267	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 19 )
1268	ELSE
1269	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 )
1270	ENDIF
1271	!
1272	!-- v component - y-direction
1273	!-- WS1 (21), WS3 (22), WS5 (23)
1274	IF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+1,i) &
1275	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. i == nysv ) &
1276	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn ) &
1277	) THEN
1278	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 )
1279	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_v_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_v_inner(j-1,i) &
1280	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv+1 )&
1281	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 )&
1282	) THEN
1283	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 )
1284	ELSE
1285	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 23 )
1286	ENDIF
1287	!
1288	!-- v component - z-direction
1289	!-- WS1 (24), WS3 (25), WS5 (26)
1290	flag_set = .FALSE.
1291	IF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 1 .OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1292	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 )
1293	flag_set = .TRUE.
1294	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_v_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1295	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 25 )
1296	flag_set = .TRUE.
1297	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_v_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1298	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 26 )
1299	ENDIF
1300
1301	ENDDO
1302	ENDDO
1303	ENDDO
1304	DO i = nxl, nxr
1305	DO j = nys, nyn
1306	DO k = nzb_w_inner(j,i), nzt
1307	!
1308	!-- w component - x-direction
1309	!-- WS1 (27), WS3 (28), WS5 (29)
1310	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+1) .OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l )&
1311	.AND. i == nxl ) .OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) &
1312	.AND. i == nxr ) ) THEN
1313	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 27 )
1314	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i+2) .OR. k <= nzb_w_inner(j,i-1) &
1315	.OR. ( ( inflow_r .OR. outflow_r ) .AND. i == nxr-1 ) &
1316	.OR. ( ( inflow_l .OR. outflow_l ) .AND. i == nxlu ) &
1317	) THEN
1318	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 28 )
1319	ELSE
1320	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i),29 )
1321	ENDIF
1322	!
1323	!-- w component - y-direction
1324	!-- WS1 (30), WS3 (31), WS5 (32)
1325	IF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+1,i) .OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s )&
1326	.AND. j == nys ) .OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) &
1327	.AND. j == nyn ) ) THEN
1328	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 30 )
1329	ELSEIF ( k <= nzb_w_inner(j+2,i) .OR. k <= nzb_w_inner(j-1,i) &
1330	.OR. ( ( inflow_s .OR. outflow_s ) .AND. j == nysv ) &
1331	.OR. ( ( inflow_n .OR. outflow_n ) .AND. j == nyn-1 ) &
1332	) THEN
1333	wall_flags_0(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 31 )
1334	ELSE
1335	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 0 )
1336	ENDIF
1337	!
1338	!-- w component - z-direction
1339	!-- WS1 (33), WS3 (34), WS5 (35)
1340	flag_set = .FALSE.
1341	IF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) .OR. k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 1 &
1342	.OR. k == nzt ) THEN
1343	!
1344	!-- Please note, at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) a flag is explictely
1345	!-- set, although this is not a prognostic level. However,
1346	!-- contrary to the advection of u,v and s this is necessary
1347	!-- because flux_t(nzb_w_inner(j,i)) is used for the tendency
1348	!-- at k == nzb_w_inner(j,i)+1.
1349	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 1 )
1350	flag_set = .TRUE.
1351	ELSEIF ( k == nzb_w_inner(j,i) + 2 .OR. k == nzt - 1 ) THEN
1352	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 2 )
1353	flag_set = .TRUE.
1354	ELSEIF ( k > nzb_w_inner(j,i) .AND. .NOT. flag_set ) THEN
1355	wall_flags_00(k,j,i) = IBSET( wall_flags_00(k,j,i), 3 )
1356	ENDIF
1357
1358	ENDDO
1359	ENDDO
1360	ENDDO
1361
1362	ENDIF
1363
1364	!
1365	!-- In case of topography: limit near-wall mixing length l_wall further:
1366	!-- Go through all points of the subdomain one by one and look for the closest
1367	!-- surface
1368	IF ( TRIM(topography) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1369	DO i = nxl, nxr
1370	DO j = nys, nyn
1371
1372	nzb_si = nzb_s_inner(j,i)
1373	vi = vertical_influence(nzb_si)
1374
1375	IF ( wall_n(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1376	!
1377	!-- North wall (y distance)
1378	DO k = wall_n(j,i), nzb_si
1379	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), 0.5 * dy )
1380	ENDDO
1381	!
1382	!-- Above North wall (yz distance)
1383	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1384	l_wall(k,j+1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i), &
1385	SQRT( 0.25 * dy**2 + &
1386	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1387	ENDDO
1388	!
1389	!-- Northleft corner (xy distance)
1390	IF ( corner_nl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1391	DO k = corner_nl(j,i), nzb_si
1392	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1393	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1394	ENDDO
1395	!
1396	!-- Above Northleft corner (xyz distance)
1397	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1398	l_wall(k,j+1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i-1), &
1399	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1400	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1401	ENDDO
1402	ENDIF
1403	!
1404	!-- Northright corner (xy distance)
1405	IF ( corner_nr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1406	DO k = corner_nr(j,i), nzb_si
1407	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1408	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1409	ENDDO
1410	!
1411	!-- Above northright corner (xyz distance)
1412	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1413	l_wall(k,j+1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j+1,i+1), &
1414	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1415	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1416	ENDDO
1417	ENDIF
1418	ENDIF
1419
1420	IF ( wall_s(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1421	!
1422	!-- South wall (y distance)
1423	DO k = wall_s(j,i), nzb_si
1424	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), 0.5 * dy )
1425	ENDDO
1426	!
1427	!-- Above south wall (yz distance)
1428	DO k = nzb_si + 1, &
1429	nzb_si + vi
1430	l_wall(k,j-1,i) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i), &
1431	SQRT( 0.25 * dy**2 + &
1432	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1433	ENDDO
1434	!
1435	!-- Southleft corner (xy distance)
1436	IF ( corner_sl(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1437	DO k = corner_sl(j,i), nzb_si
1438	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1439	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1440	ENDDO
1441	!
1442	!-- Above southleft corner (xyz distance)
1443	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1444	l_wall(k,j-1,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i-1), &
1445	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1446	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1447	ENDDO
1448	ENDIF
1449	!
1450	!-- Southright corner (xy distance)
1451	IF ( corner_sr(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1452	DO k = corner_sr(j,i), nzb_si
1453	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1454	0.5 * SQRT( dx2 + dy2 ) )
1455	ENDDO
1456	!
1457	!-- Above southright corner (xyz distance)
1458	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1459	l_wall(k,j-1,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j-1,i+1), &
1460	SQRT( 0.25 * (dx2 + dy2) + &
1461	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1462	ENDDO
1463	ENDIF
1464
1465	ENDIF
1466
1467	IF ( wall_l(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1468	!
1469	!-- Left wall (x distance)
1470	DO k = wall_l(j,i), nzb_si
1471	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), 0.5 * dx )
1472	ENDDO
1473	!
1474	!-- Above left wall (xz distance)
1475	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1476	l_wall(k,j,i-1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i-1), &
1477	SQRT( 0.25 * dx**2 + &
1478	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1479	ENDDO
1480	ENDIF
1481
1482	IF ( wall_r(j,i) > 0 ) THEN
1483	!
1484	!-- Right wall (x distance)
1485	DO k = wall_r(j,i), nzb_si
1486	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), 0.5 * dx )
1487	ENDDO
1488	!
1489	!-- Above right wall (xz distance)
1490	DO k = nzb_si + 1, nzb_si + vi
1491	l_wall(k,j,i+1) = MIN( l_wall(k,j,i+1), &
1492	SQRT( 0.25 * dx**2 + &
1493	( zu(k) - zw(nzb_si) )**2 ) )
1494	ENDDO
1495
1496	ENDIF
1497
1498	ENDDO
1499	ENDDO
1500
1501	ENDIF
1502
1503	!
1504	!-- Multiplication with wall_adjustment_factor
1505	l_wall = wall_adjustment_factor * l_wall
1506
1507	!
1508	!-- Set lateral boundary conditions for l_wall
1509	CALL exchange_horiz( l_wall, nbgp )
1510
1511	DEALLOCATE( corner_nl, corner_nr, corner_sl, corner_sr, nzb_local, &
1512	nzb_tmp, vertical_influence, wall_l, wall_n, wall_r, wall_s )
1513
1514	#endif
1515
1516	END SUBROUTINE init_grid

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