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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90 @ 1011

Last change on this file since 1011 was 1011, checked in by raasch, 12 years ago
last commit documented
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1	#if defined( __ibmy_special )
2	@PROCESS NOOPTimize
3	#endif
4	SUBROUTINE init_3d_model
5
6	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
7	! Current revisions:
8	! ------------------
9	!
10	!
11	! Former revisions:
12	! -----------------
13	! $Id: init_3d_model.f90 1011 2012-09-20 08:15:29Z raasch $
14	!
15	! 1010 2012-09-20 07:59:54Z raasch
16	! cpp switch __nopointer added for pointer free version
17	!
18	! 1003 2012-09-14 14:35:53Z raasch
19	! nxra,nyna, nzta replaced ny nxr, nyn, nzt
20	!
21	! 1001 2012-09-13 14:08:46Z raasch
22	! all actions concerning leapfrog scheme removed
23	!
24	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
25	! little reformatting
26	!
27	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
28	! outflow damping layer removed
29	! roughness length for scalar quantites z0h added
30	! damping zone for the potential temperatur in case of non-cyclic lateral
31	! boundaries added
32	! initialization of ptdf_x, ptdf_y
33	! initialization of c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w_m, c_w_m_l
34	!
35	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
36	! init_particles renamed lpm_init
37	!
38	! 825 2012-02-19 03:03:44Z raasch
39	! wang_collision_kernel renamed wang_kernel
40	!
41	! 790 2011-11-29 03:11:20Z raasch
42	! diss is also allocated in case that the Wang kernel is used
43	!
44	! 787 2011-11-28 12:49:05Z heinze $
45	! bugfix: call init_advec in every case - not only for inital runs
46	!
47	! 785 2011-11-28 09:47:19Z raasch
48	! initialization of rdf_sc
49	!
50	! 767 2011-10-14 06:39:12Z raasch
51	! adjustments concerning implementation of prescribed u,v-profiles
52	! bugfix: dirichlet_0 conditions for ug/vg moved to check_parameters
53	!
54	! 759 2011-09-15 13:58:31Z raasch
55	! Splitting of parallel I/O in blocks of PEs
56	! Bugfix: No zero assignments to volume_flow_initial and volume_flow_area in
57	! case of normal restart runs.
58	!
59	! 713 2011-03-30 14:21:21Z suehring
60	! weight_substep and weight_pres are given as fractions.
61	!
62	! 709 2011-03-30 09:31:40Z raasch
63	! formatting adjustments
64	!
65	! 707 2011-03-29 11:39:40Z raasch
66	! p_sub renamed p_loc and allocated depending on the chosen pressure solver,
67	! initial assignments of zero to array p for iterative solvers only,
68	! bc_lr/ns replaced by bc_lr/ns_dirrad/raddir
69	!
70	! 680 2011-02-04 23:16:06Z gryschka
71	! bugfix: volume_flow_control
72	!
73	! 673 2011-01-18 16:19:48Z suehring
74	! weight_substep (moved from advec_ws) and weight_pres added.
75	! Allocate p_sub when using Multigrid or SOR solver.
76	! Call of ws_init moved behind the if requests.
77	!
78	! 667 2010-12-23 12:06:00Z suehring/gryschka
79	! nxl-1, nxr+1, nys-1, nyn+1 replaced by nxlg, nxrg, nysg, nyng in loops and
80	! allocation of arrays. Calls of exchange_horiz are modified.
81	! Call ws_init to initialize arrays needed for calculating statisticas and for
82	! optimization when ws-scheme is used.
83	! Initial volume flow is now calculated by using the variable hom_sum.
84	! Therefore the correction of initial volume flow for non-flat topography
85	! removed (removed u_nzb_p1_for_vfc and v_nzb_p1_for_vfc)
86	! Changed surface boundary conditions for u and v in case of ibc_uv_b == 0 from
87	! mirror to Dirichlet boundary conditions (u=v=0), so that k=nzb is
88	! representative for the height z0.
89	! Bugfix: type conversion of '1' to 64bit for the MAX function (ngp_3d_inner)
90	!
91	! 622 2010-12-10 08:08:13Z raasch
92	! optional barriers included in order to speed up collective operations
93	!
94	! 560 2010-09-09 10:06:09Z weinreis
95	! bugfix: correction of calculating ngp_3d for 64 bit
96	!
97	! 485 2010-02-05 10:57:51Z raasch
98	! calculation of ngp_3d + ngp_3d_inner changed because they have now 64 bit
99	!
100	! 407 2009-12-01 15:01:15Z maronga
101	! var_ts is replaced by dots_max
102	! Enabled passive scalar/humidity wall fluxes for non-flat topography
103	!
104	! 388 2009-09-23 09:40:33Z raasch
105	! Initialization of prho added.
106	! bugfix: correction of initial volume flow for non-flat topography
107	! bugfix: zero initialization of arrays within buildings for 'cyclic_fill'
108	! bugfix: avoid that ngp_2dh_s_inner becomes zero
109	! initializing_actions='read_data_for_recycling' renamed to 'cyclic_fill', now
110	! independent of turbulent_inflow
111	! Output of messages replaced by message handling routine.
112	! Set the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
113	! the external pressure gradient
114	! +conserve_volume_flow_mode: 'default', 'initial_profiles', 'inflow_profile'
115	! and 'bulk_velocity'
116	! If the inversion height calculated by the prerun is zero,
117	! inflow_damping_height must be explicitly specified.
118	!
119	! 181 2008-07-30 07:07:47Z raasch
120	! bugfix: zero assignments to tendency arrays in case of restarts,
121	! further extensions and modifications in the initialisation of the plant
122	! canopy model,
123	! allocation of hom_sum moved to parin, initialization of spectrum_x\|y directly
124	! after allocating theses arrays,
125	! read data for recycling added as new initialization option,
126	! dummy allocation for diss
127	!
128	! 138 2007-11-28 10:03:58Z letzel
129	! New counter ngp_2dh_s_inner.
130	! Allow new case bc_uv_t = 'dirichlet_0' for channel flow.
131	! Corrected calculation of initial volume flow for 'set_1d-model_profiles' and
132	! 'set_constant_profiles' in case of buildings in the reference cross-sections.
133	!
134	! 108 2007-08-24 15:10:38Z letzel
135	! Flux initialization in case of coupled runs, +momentum fluxes at top boundary,
136	! +arrays for phase speed c_u, c_v, c_w, indices for u\|v\|w_m_l\|r changed
137	! +qswst_remote in case of atmosphere model with humidity coupled to ocean
138	! Rayleigh damping for ocean, optionally calculate km and kh from initial
139	! TKE e_init
140	!
141	! 97 2007-06-21 08:23:15Z raasch
142	! Initialization of salinity, call of init_ocean
143	!
144	! 87 2007-05-22 15:46:47Z raasch
145	! var_hom and var_sum renamed pr_palm
146	!
147	! 75 2007-03-22 09:54:05Z raasch
148	! Arrays for radiation boundary conditions are allocated (u_m_l, u_m_r, etc.),
149	! bugfix for cases with the outflow damping layer extending over more than one
150	! subdomain, moisture renamed humidity,
151	! new initializing action "by_user" calls user_init_3d_model,
152	! precipitation_amount/rate, ts_value are allocated, +module netcdf_control,
153	! initial velocities at nzb+1 are regarded for volume
154	! flow control in case they have been set zero before (to avoid small timesteps)
155	! -uvmean_outflow, uxrp, vynp eliminated
156	!
157	! 19 2007-02-23 04:53:48Z raasch
158	! +handling of top fluxes
159	!
160	! RCS Log replace by Id keyword, revision history cleaned up
161	!
162	! Revision 1.49 2006/08/22 15:59:07 raasch
163	! No optimization of this file on the ibmy (Yonsei Univ.)
164	!
165	! Revision 1.1 1998/03/09 16:22:22 raasch
166	! Initial revision
167	!
168	!
169	! Description:
170	! ------------
171	! Allocation of arrays and initialization of the 3D model via
172	! a) pre-run the 1D model
173	! or
174	! b) pre-set constant linear profiles
175	! or
176	! c) read values of a previous run
177	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
178
179	USE advec_ws
180	USE arrays_3d
181	USE averaging
182	USE cloud_parameters
183	USE constants
184	USE control_parameters
185	USE cpulog
186	USE grid_variables
187	USE indices
188	USE interfaces
189	USE model_1d
190	USE netcdf_control
191	USE particle_attributes
192	USE pegrid
193	USE profil_parameter
194	USE random_function_mod
195	USE statistics
196
197	IMPLICIT NONE
198
199	INTEGER :: i, ind_array(1), j, k, sr
200
201	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_l
202
203	INTEGER, DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_outer_l, &
204	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
205
206	REAL :: a, b
207
208	REAL, DIMENSION(1:2) :: volume_flow_area_l, volume_flow_initial_l
209
210	REAL, DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp
211
212
213	!
214	!-- Allocate arrays
215	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh(0:statistic_regions), ngp_2dh_l(0:statistic_regions), &
216	ngp_3d(0:statistic_regions), &
217	ngp_3d_inner(0:statistic_regions), &
218	ngp_3d_inner_l(0:statistic_regions), &
219	ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0:statistic_regions), &
220	sums_divnew_l(0:statistic_regions), &
221	sums_divold_l(0:statistic_regions) )
222	ALLOCATE( dp_smooth_factor(nzb:nzt), rdf(nzb+1:nzt), rdf_sc(nzb+1:nzt) )
223	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_outer(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
224	ngp_2dh_outer_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
225	ngp_2dh_s_inner(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
226	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
227	rmask(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,0:statistic_regions), &
228	sums(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user), &
229	sums_l(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user,0:threads_per_task-1), &
230	sums_l_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions,0:threads_per_task-1), &
231	sums_up_fraction_l(10,3,0:statistic_regions), &
232	sums_wsts_bc_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
233	ts_value(dots_max,0:statistic_regions) )
234	ALLOCATE( ptdf_x(nxlg:nxrg), ptdf_y(nysg:nyng) )
235
236	ALLOCATE( rif(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), shf(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
237	ts(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), tswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
238	us(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), usws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
239	uswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), vsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
240	vswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), z0(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
241	z0h(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
242
243	ALLOCATE( d(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
244	kh(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
245	km(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
246	p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
247	tend(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
248
249	#if defined( __nopointer )
250	ALLOCATE( e(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
251	e_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
252	pt(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
253	pt_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
254	u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
255	u_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
256	v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
257	v_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
258	w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
259	w_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
260	te_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
261	tpt_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
262	tu_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
263	tv_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
264	tw_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
265	#else
266	ALLOCATE( e_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
267	e_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
268	e_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
269	pt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
270	pt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
271	pt_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
272	u_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
273	u_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
274	u_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
275	v_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
276	v_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
277	v_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
278	w_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
279	w_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
280	w_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
281	#endif
282
283	!
284	!-- Following array is required for perturbation pressure within the iterative
285	!-- pressure solvers. For the multistep schemes (Runge-Kutta), array p holds
286	!-- the weighted average of the substeps and cannot be used in the Poisson
287	!-- solver.
288	IF ( psolver == 'sor' ) THEN
289	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
290	ELSEIF ( psolver == 'multigrid' ) THEN
291	!
292	!-- For performance reasons, multigrid is using one ghost layer only
293	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
294	ENDIF
295
296	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
297	!
298	!-- 2D-humidity/scalar arrays
299	ALLOCATE ( qs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
300	qsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
301	qswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
302
303	!
304	!-- 3D-humidity/scalar arrays
305	#if defined( __nopointer )
306	ALLOCATE( q(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
307	q_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
308	tq_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
309	#else
310	ALLOCATE( q_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
311	q_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
312	q_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
313	#endif
314
315	!
316	!-- 3D-arrays needed for humidity only
317	IF ( humidity ) THEN
318	#if defined( __nopointer )
319	ALLOCATE( vpt(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
320	#else
321	ALLOCATE( vpt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
322	#endif
323
324	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
325	!
326	!-- Liquid water content
327	#if defined( __nopointer )
328	ALLOCATE ( ql(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
329	#else
330	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
331	#endif
332	!
333	!-- Precipitation amount and rate (only needed if output is switched)
334	ALLOCATE( precipitation_amount(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
335	precipitation_rate(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
336	ENDIF
337
338	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
339	!
340	!-- Liquid water content, change in liquid water content
341	#if defined( __nopointer )
342	ALLOCATE ( ql(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
343	ql_c(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
344	#else
345	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
346	ql_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
347	#endif
348	!
349	!-- Real volume of particles (with weighting), volume of particles
350	ALLOCATE ( ql_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
351	ql_vp(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
352	ENDIF
353
354	ENDIF
355
356	ENDIF
357
358	IF ( ocean ) THEN
359	ALLOCATE( saswsb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
360	saswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
361	#if defined( __nopointer )
362	ALLOCATE( prho(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
363	rho(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
364	sa(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
365	sa_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
366	tsa_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
367	#else
368	ALLOCATE( prho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
369	rho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
370	sa_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
371	sa_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
372	sa_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
373	prho => prho_1
374	rho => rho_1 ! routines calc_mean_profile and diffusion_e require
375	! density to be apointer
376	#endif
377	IF ( humidity_remote ) THEN
378	ALLOCATE( qswst_remote(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg))
379	qswst_remote = 0.0
380	ENDIF
381	ENDIF
382
383	!
384	!-- 3D-array for storing the dissipation, needed for calculating the sgs
385	!-- particle velocities
386	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .OR. wang_kernel ) THEN
387	ALLOCATE ( diss(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
388	ELSE
389	ALLOCATE ( diss(2,2,2) ) ! required because diss is used as a
390	! formal parameter
391	ENDIF
392
393	IF ( dt_dosp /= 9999999.9 ) THEN
394	ALLOCATE( spectrum_x( 1:nx/2, 1:10, 1:10 ), &
395	spectrum_y( 1:ny/2, 1:10, 1:10 ) )
396	spectrum_x = 0.0
397	spectrum_y = 0.0
398	ENDIF
399
400	!
401	!-- 3D-arrays for the leaf area density and the canopy drag coefficient
402	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
403	ALLOCATE ( lad_s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
404	lad_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
405	lad_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
406	lad_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
407	cdc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
408
409	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
410	ALLOCATE ( sls(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
411	sec(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
412	ENDIF
413
414	IF ( cthf /= 0.0 ) THEN
415	ALLOCATE ( lai(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
416	canopy_heat_flux(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
417	ENDIF
418
419	ENDIF
420
421	!
422	!-- 4D-array for storing the Rif-values at vertical walls
423	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
424	ALLOCATE( rif_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,1:4) )
425	rif_wall = 0.0
426	ENDIF
427
428	!
429	!-- Arrays to store velocity data from t-dt and the phase speeds which
430	!-- are needed for radiation boundary conditions
431	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
432	ALLOCATE( u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,1:2), &
433	v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1), &
434	w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1) )
435	ENDIF
436	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
437	ALLOCATE( u_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
438	v_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
439	w_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx) )
440	ENDIF
441	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r ) THEN
442	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
443	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
444	ENDIF
445	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
446	ALLOCATE( u_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg), &
447	v_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,1:2,nxlg:nxrg), &
448	w_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg) )
449	ENDIF
450	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
451	ALLOCATE( u_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
452	v_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
453	w_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg) )
454	ENDIF
455	IF ( outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
456	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
457	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
458	ENDIF
459	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r .OR. outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
460	ALLOCATE( c_u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
461	ALLOCATE( c_u_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m(nzb:nzt+1) )
462	ENDIF
463
464
465	#if ! defined( __nopointer )
466	!
467	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
468	e => e_1; e_p => e_2; te_m => e_3
469	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_2; tpt_m => pt_3
470	u => u_1; u_p => u_2; tu_m => u_3
471	v => v_1; v_p => v_2; tv_m => v_3
472	w => w_1; w_p => w_2; tw_m => w_3
473
474	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
475	q => q_1; q_p => q_2; tq_m => q_3
476	IF ( humidity ) vpt => vpt_1
477	IF ( cloud_physics ) ql => ql_1
478	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
479	ql => ql_1
480	ql_c => ql_2
481	ENDIF
482	ENDIF
483
484	IF ( ocean ) THEN
485	sa => sa_1; sa_p => sa_2; tsa_m => sa_3
486	ENDIF
487	#endif
488
489	!
490	!-- Allocate arrays containing the RK coefficient for calculation of
491	!-- perturbation pressure and turbulent fluxes. At this point values are
492	!-- set for pressure calculation during initialization (where no timestep
493	!-- is done). Further below the values needed within the timestep scheme
494	!-- will be set.
495	ALLOCATE( weight_substep(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max), &
496	weight_pres(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max) )
497	weight_substep = 1.0
498	weight_pres = 1.0
499	intermediate_timestep_count = 1 ! needed when simulated_time = 0.0
500
501	!
502	!-- Initialize model variables
503	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
504	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
505	!
506	!-- First model run of a possible job queue.
507	!-- Initial profiles of the variables must be computes.
508	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_1d-model_profiles' ) /= 0 ) THEN
509	!
510	!-- Use solutions of the 1D model as initial profiles,
511	!-- start 1D model
512	CALL init_1d_model
513	!
514	!-- Transfer initial profiles to the arrays of the 3D model
515	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
516	DO j = nysg, nyng
517	e(:,j,i) = e1d
518	kh(:,j,i) = kh1d
519	km(:,j,i) = km1d
520	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
521	u(:,j,i) = u1d
522	v(:,j,i) = v1d
523	ENDDO
524	ENDDO
525
526	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
527	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
528	DO j = nysg, nyng
529	q(:,j,i) = q_init
530	ENDDO
531	ENDDO
532	ENDIF
533
534	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
535	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
536	DO j = nysg, nyng
537	e(:,j,i) = e1d
538	ENDDO
539	ENDDO
540	!
541	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
542	hom(:,1,25,:) = SPREAD( l1d, 2, statistic_regions+1 )
543
544	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
545	rif = rif1d(nzb+1)
546	ts = 0.0 ! could actually be computed more accurately in the
547	! 1D model. Update when opportunity arises.
548	us = us1d
549	usws = usws1d
550	vsws = vsws1d
551	ELSE
552	ts = 0.0 ! must be set, because used in
553	rif = 0.0 ! flowste
554	us = 0.0
555	usws = 0.0
556	vsws = 0.0
557	ENDIF
558
559	ELSE
560	e = 0.0 ! must be set, because used in
561	rif = 0.0 ! flowste
562	ts = 0.0
563	us = 0.0
564	usws = 0.0
565	vsws = 0.0
566	ENDIF
567	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
568	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
569
570	!
571	!-- In every case qs = 0.0 (see also pt)
572	!-- This could actually be computed more accurately in the 1D model.
573	!-- Update when opportunity arises!
574	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qs = 0.0
575
576	!
577	!-- inside buildings set velocities back to zero
578	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
579	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
580	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
581	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
582	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
583	ENDDO
584	ENDDO
585
586	!
587	!-- WARNING: The extra boundary conditions set after running the
588	!-- ------- 1D model impose an error on the divergence one layer
589	!-- below the topography; need to correct later
590	!-- ATTENTION: Provisional correction for Piacsek & Williams
591	!-- --------- advection scheme: keep u and v zero one layer below
592	!-- the topography.
593	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
594	!
595	!-- Neumann condition
596	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
597	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
598	IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = u(1,j,i)
599	IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = v(1,j,i)
600	ENDDO
601	ENDDO
602
603	ENDIF
604
605	ENDIF
606
607	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles') /= 0 ) &
608	THEN
609	!
610	!-- Use constructed initial profiles (velocity constant with height,
611	!-- temperature profile with constant gradient)
612	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
613	DO j = nysg, nyng
614	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
615	u(:,j,i) = u_init
616	v(:,j,i) = v_init
617	ENDDO
618	ENDDO
619
620	!
621	!-- Set initial horizontal velocities at the lowest computational grid
622	!-- levels to zero in order to avoid too small time steps caused by the
623	!-- diffusion limit in the initial phase of a run (at k=1, dz/2 occurs
624	!-- in the limiting formula!). The original values are stored to be later
625	!-- used for volume flow control.
626	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
627	DO j = nysg, nyng
628	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0
629	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0
630	ENDDO
631	ENDDO
632
633	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
634	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
635	DO j = nysg, nyng
636	q(:,j,i) = q_init
637	ENDDO
638	ENDDO
639	ENDIF
640
641	IF ( ocean ) THEN
642	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
643	DO j = nysg, nyng
644	sa(:,j,i) = sa_init
645	ENDDO
646	ENDDO
647	ENDIF
648
649	IF ( constant_diffusion ) THEN
650	km = km_constant
651	kh = km / prandtl_number
652	e = 0.0
653	ELSEIF ( e_init > 0.0 ) THEN
654	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
655	km(k,:,:) = 0.1 * l_grid(k) * SQRT( e_init )
656	ENDDO
657	km(nzb,:,:) = km(nzb+1,:,:)
658	km(nzt+1,:,:) = km(nzt,:,:)
659	kh = km / prandtl_number
660	e = e_init
661	ELSE
662	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
663	kh = 0.01 ! there must exist an initial diffusion, because
664	km = 0.01 ! otherwise no TKE would be produced by the
665	! production terms, as long as not yet
666	! e = (u/cm)*2 at k=nzb+1
667	ELSE
668	kh = 0.00001
669	km = 0.00001
670	ENDIF
671	e = 0.0
672	ENDIF
673	rif = 0.0
674	ts = 0.0
675	us = 0.0
676	usws = 0.0
677	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
678	vsws = 0.0
679	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
680	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qs = 0.0
681
682	!
683	!-- Compute initial temperature field and other constants used in case
684	!-- of a sloping surface
685	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
686
687	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'by_user') /= 0 ) &
688	THEN
689	!
690	!-- Initialization will completely be done by the user
691	CALL user_init_3d_model
692
693	ENDIF
694	!
695	!-- Bottom boundary
696	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
697	u(nzb,:,:) = 0.0
698	v(nzb,:,:) = 0.0
699	ENDIF
700
701	!
702	!-- Apply channel flow boundary condition
703	IF ( TRIM( bc_uv_t ) == 'dirichlet_0' ) THEN
704	u(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0
705	v(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0
706	ENDIF
707
708	!
709	!-- Calculate virtual potential temperature
710	IF ( humidity ) vpt = pt * ( 1.0 + 0.61 * q )
711
712	!
713	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
714	hom(:,1,5,:) = SPREAD( u(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
715	hom(:,1,6,:) = SPREAD( v(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
716	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2) THEN
717	hom(nzb,1,5,:) = 0.0
718	hom(nzb,1,6,:) = 0.0
719	ENDIF
720	hom(:,1,7,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
721	hom(:,1,23,:) = SPREAD( km(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
722	hom(:,1,24,:) = SPREAD( kh(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
723
724	IF ( ocean ) THEN
725	!
726	!-- Store initial salinity profile
727	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( sa(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
728	ENDIF
729
730	IF ( humidity ) THEN
731	!
732	!-- Store initial profile of total water content, virtual potential
733	!-- temperature
734	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
735	hom(:,1,29,:) = SPREAD( vpt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
736	IF ( cloud_physics .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
737	!
738	!-- Store initial profile of specific humidity and potential
739	!-- temperature
740	hom(:,1,27,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
741	hom(:,1,28,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
742	ENDIF
743	ENDIF
744
745	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
746	!
747	!-- Store initial scalar profile
748	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
749	ENDIF
750
751	!
752	!-- Initialize fluxes at bottom surface
753	IF ( use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
754
755	IF ( constant_heatflux ) THEN
756	!
757	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
758	IF ( random_heatflux ) THEN
759	CALL disturb_heatflux
760	ELSE
761	shf = surface_heatflux
762	!
763	!-- Over topography surface_heatflux is replaced by wall_heatflux(0)
764	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
765	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
766	DO j = nysg, nyng
767	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
768	shf(j,i) = wall_heatflux(0)
769	ENDIF
770	ENDDO
771	ENDDO
772	ENDIF
773	ENDIF
774	ENDIF
775
776	!
777	!-- Determine the near-surface water flux
778	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
779	IF ( constant_waterflux ) THEN
780	qsws = surface_waterflux
781	!
782	!-- Over topography surface_waterflux is replaced by
783	!-- wall_humidityflux(0)
784	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
785	wall_qflux = wall_humidityflux
786	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
787	DO j = nysg, nyng
788	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
789	qsws(j,i) = wall_qflux(0)
790	ENDIF
791	ENDDO
792	ENDDO
793	ENDIF
794	ENDIF
795	ENDIF
796
797	ENDIF
798
799	!
800	!-- Initialize fluxes at top surface
801	!-- Currently, only the heatflux and salinity flux can be prescribed.
802	!-- The latent flux is zero in this case!
803	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
804
805	IF ( constant_top_heatflux ) THEN
806	!
807	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
808	tswst = top_heatflux
809
810	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) qswst = 0.0
811
812	IF ( ocean ) THEN
813	saswsb = bottom_salinityflux
814	saswst = top_salinityflux
815	ENDIF
816	ENDIF
817
818	!
819	!-- Initialization in case of a coupled model run
820	IF ( coupling_mode == 'ocean_to_atmosphere' ) THEN
821	tswst = 0.0
822	ENDIF
823
824	ENDIF
825
826	!
827	!-- Initialize Prandtl layer quantities
828	IF ( prandtl_layer ) THEN
829
830	z0 = roughness_length
831	z0h = z0h_factor * z0
832
833	IF ( .NOT. constant_heatflux ) THEN
834	!
835	!-- Surface temperature is prescribed. Here the heat flux cannot be
836	!-- simply estimated, because therefore rif, u* and theta* would have
837	!-- to be computed by iteration. This is why the heat flux is assumed
838	!-- to be zero before the first time step. It approaches its correct
839	!-- value in the course of the first few time steps.
840	shf = 0.0
841	ENDIF
842
843	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
844	IF ( .NOT. constant_waterflux ) qsws = 0.0
845	ENDIF
846
847	ENDIF
848
849
850	!
851	!-- For the moment, vertical velocity is zero
852	w = 0.0
853
854	!
855	!-- Initialize array sums (must be defined in first call of pres)
856	sums = 0.0
857
858	!
859	!-- In case of iterative solvers, p must get an initial value
860	IF ( psolver == 'multigrid' .OR. psolver == 'sor' ) p = 0.0
861
862	!
863	!-- Treating cloud physics, liquid water content and precipitation amount
864	!-- are zero at beginning of the simulation
865	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
866	ql = 0.0
867	IF ( precipitation ) precipitation_amount = 0.0
868	ENDIF
869	!
870	!-- Impose vortex with vertical axis on the initial velocity profile
871	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_vortex' ) /= 0 ) THEN
872	CALL init_rankine
873	ENDIF
874
875	!
876	!-- Impose temperature anomaly (advection test only)
877	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_ptanom' ) /= 0 ) THEN
878	CALL init_pt_anomaly
879	ENDIF
880
881	!
882	!-- If required, change the surface temperature at the start of the 3D run
883	IF ( pt_surface_initial_change /= 0.0 ) THEN
884	pt(nzb,:,:) = pt(nzb,:,:) + pt_surface_initial_change
885	ENDIF
886
887	!
888	!-- If required, change the surface humidity/scalar at the start of the 3D
889	!-- run
890	IF ( ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) .AND. &
891	q_surface_initial_change /= 0.0 ) THEN
892	q(nzb,:,:) = q(nzb,:,:) + q_surface_initial_change
893	ENDIF
894
895	!
896	!-- Initialize the random number generator (from numerical recipes)
897	CALL random_function_ini
898
899	!
900	!-- Initialize old and new time levels.
901	te_m = 0.0; tpt_m = 0.0; tu_m = 0.0; tv_m = 0.0; tw_m = 0.0
902	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
903
904	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
905	tq_m = 0.0
906	q_p = q
907	ENDIF
908
909	IF ( ocean ) THEN
910	tsa_m = 0.0
911	sa_p = sa
912	ENDIF
913
914
915	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .OR. &
916	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) &
917	THEN
918	!
919	!-- When reading data for cyclic fill of 3D prerun data files, read
920	!-- some of the global variables from the restart file which are required
921	!-- for initializing the inflow
922	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
923
924	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
925	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
926	CALL read_parts_of_var_list
927	CALL close_file( 13 )
928	ENDIF
929	#if defined( __parallel )
930	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
931	#endif
932	ENDDO
933
934	ENDIF
935
936	!
937	!-- Read binary data from restart file
938	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
939	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
940	CALL read_3d_binary
941	ENDIF
942	#if defined( __parallel )
943	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
944	#endif
945	ENDDO
946
947	!
948	!-- Initialization of the turbulence recycling method
949	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
950	turbulent_inflow ) THEN
951	!
952	!-- First store the profiles to be used at the inflow.
953	!-- These profiles are the (temporally) and horizontally averaged vertical
954	!-- profiles from the prerun. Alternatively, prescribed profiles
955	!-- for u,v-components can be used.
956	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,5) )
957
958	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
959	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = u_init ! u
960	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = v_init ! v
961	ELSE
962	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = hom_sum(:,1,0) ! u
963	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = hom_sum(:,2,0) ! v
964	ENDIF
965	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = hom_sum(:,4,0) ! pt
966	mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) = hom_sum(:,8,0) ! e
967
968	!
969	!-- If necessary, adjust the horizontal flow field to the prescribed
970	!-- profiles
971	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
972	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
973	DO j = nysg, nyng
974	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
975	u(k,j,i) = u(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,1,0) + u_init(k)
976	v(k,j,i) = v(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,2,0) + v_init(k)
977	ENDDO
978	ENDDO
979	ENDDO
980	ENDIF
981
982	!
983	!-- Use these mean profiles at the inflow (provided that Dirichlet
984	!-- conditions are used)
985	IF ( inflow_l ) THEN
986	DO j = nysg, nyng
987	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
988	u(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,1)
989	v(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,2)
990	w(k,j,nxlg:-1) = 0.0
991	pt(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,4)
992	e(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,5)
993	ENDDO
994	ENDDO
995	ENDIF
996
997	!
998	!-- Calculate the damping factors to be used at the inflow. For a
999	!-- turbulent inflow the turbulent fluctuations have to be limited
1000	!-- vertically because otherwise the turbulent inflow layer will grow
1001	!-- in time.
1002	IF ( inflow_damping_height == 9999999.9 ) THEN
1003	!
1004	!-- Default: use the inversion height calculated by the prerun; if
1005	!-- this is zero, inflow_damping_height must be explicitly
1006	!-- specified.
1007	IF ( hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0) /= 0.0 ) THEN
1008	inflow_damping_height = hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0)
1009	ELSE
1010	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inflow_damping_height must be ',&
1011	'explicitly specified because&the inversion height ', &
1012	'calculated by the prerun is zero.'
1013	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0318', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1014	ENDIF
1015
1016	ENDIF
1017
1018	IF ( inflow_damping_width == 9999999.9 ) THEN
1019	!
1020	!-- Default for the transition range: one tenth of the undamped
1021	!-- layer
1022	inflow_damping_width = 0.1 * inflow_damping_height
1023
1024	ENDIF
1025
1026	ALLOCATE( inflow_damping_factor(nzb:nzt+1) )
1027
1028	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1029
1030	IF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height ) THEN
1031	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0
1032	ELSEIF ( zu(k) <= ( inflow_damping_height + inflow_damping_width ) ) THEN
1033	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0 - &
1034	( zu(k) - inflow_damping_height ) / &
1035	inflow_damping_width
1036	ELSE
1037	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 0.0
1038	ENDIF
1039
1040	ENDDO
1041
1042	ENDIF
1043
1044	!
1045	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero
1046	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1047	topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
1048	!
1049	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero.
1050	!-- Other scalars (pt, q, s, km, kh, p, sa, ...) are ignored at present,
1051	!-- maybe revise later.
1052	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1053	DO j = nysg, nyng
1054	u (nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1055	v (nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1056	w (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1057	e (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1058	tu_m(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1059	tv_m(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1060	tw_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1061	te_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1062	tpt_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0
1063	ENDDO
1064	ENDDO
1065
1066	ENDIF
1067
1068	!
1069	!-- Calculate initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1070	!-- of a sloping surface
1071	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1072
1073	!
1074	!-- Initialize new time levels (only done in order to set boundary values
1075	!-- including ghost points)
1076	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1077	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) q_p = q
1078	IF ( ocean ) sa_p = sa
1079
1080	!
1081	!-- Allthough tendency arrays are set in prognostic_equations, they have
1082	!-- have to be predefined here because they are used (but multiplied with 0)
1083	!-- there before they are set.
1084	te_m = 0.0; tpt_m = 0.0; tu_m = 0.0; tv_m = 0.0; tw_m = 0.0
1085	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) tq_m = 0.0
1086	IF ( ocean ) tsa_m = 0.0
1087
1088	ELSE
1089	!
1090	!-- Actually this part of the programm should not be reached
1091	message_string = 'unknown initializing problem'
1092	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0193', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1093	ENDIF
1094
1095
1096	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1097	!
1098	!-- Initialize old timelevels needed for radiation boundary conditions
1099	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
1100	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1101	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1102	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1103	ENDIF
1104	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
1105	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1106	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1107	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1108	ENDIF
1109	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
1110	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
1111	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
1112	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
1113	ENDIF
1114	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
1115	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1116	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1117	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1118	ENDIF
1119
1120	ENDIF
1121
1122	!
1123	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
1124	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
1125
1126	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1127
1128	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0
1129	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0
1130
1131	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1132	DO j = nys, nyn
1133	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx)+1, nzt
1134	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1135	u_init(k) * dzw(k)
1136	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1137	ENDDO
1138	ENDDO
1139	ENDIF
1140
1141	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1142	DO i = nxl, nxr
1143	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i)+1, nzt
1144	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1145	v_init(k) * dzw(k)
1146	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1147	ENDDO
1148	ENDDO
1149	ENDIF
1150
1151	#if defined( __parallel )
1152	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1153	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1154	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1155	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1156
1157	#else
1158	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1159	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1160	#endif
1161
1162	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1163
1164	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0
1165	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0
1166
1167	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1168	DO j = nys, nyn
1169	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx)+1, nzt
1170	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1171	hom_sum(k,1,0) * dzw(k)
1172	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1173	ENDDO
1174	ENDDO
1175	ENDIF
1176
1177	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1178	DO i = nxl, nxr
1179	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i)+1, nzt
1180	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1181	hom_sum(k,2,0) * dzw(k)
1182	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1183	ENDDO
1184	ENDDO
1185	ENDIF
1186
1187	#if defined( __parallel )
1188	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1189	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1190	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1191	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1192
1193	#else
1194	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1195	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1196	#endif
1197
1198	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1199
1200	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0
1201	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0
1202
1203	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1204	DO j = nys, nyn
1205	DO k = nzb_2d(j,nx)+1, nzt
1206	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1207	u(k,j,nx) * dzw(k)
1208	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1209	ENDDO
1210	ENDDO
1211	ENDIF
1212
1213	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1214	DO i = nxl, nxr
1215	DO k = nzb_2d(ny,i)+1, nzt
1216	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1217	v(k,ny,i) * dzw(k)
1218	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1219	ENDDO
1220	ENDDO
1221	ENDIF
1222
1223	#if defined( __parallel )
1224	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1225	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1226	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1227	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1228
1229	#else
1230	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1231	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1232	#endif
1233
1234	ENDIF
1235
1236	!
1237	!-- In case of 'bulk_velocity' mode, volume_flow_initial is calculated
1238	!-- from u\|v_bulk instead
1239	IF ( TRIM( conserve_volume_flow_mode ) == 'bulk_velocity' ) THEN
1240	volume_flow_initial(1) = u_bulk * volume_flow_area(1)
1241	volume_flow_initial(2) = v_bulk * volume_flow_area(2)
1242	ENDIF
1243
1244	ENDIF
1245
1246	!
1247	!-- Initialize quantities for special advections schemes
1248	CALL init_advec
1249
1250	!
1251	!-- Impose random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field and then
1252	!-- remove the divergences from the velocity field at the initial stage
1253	IF ( create_disturbances .AND. &
1254	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
1255	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1256
1257	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
1258	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
1259	n_sor = nsor_ini
1260	CALL pres
1261	n_sor = nsor
1262	ENDIF
1263
1264	!
1265	!-- Initialization of the leaf area density
1266	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
1267
1268	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( canopy_mode ) )
1269
1270	CASE( 'block' )
1271
1272	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1273	DO j = nysg, nyng
1274	lad_s(:,j,i) = lad(:)
1275	cdc(:,j,i) = drag_coefficient
1276	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1277	sls(:,j,i) = leaf_surface_concentration
1278	sec(:,j,i) = scalar_exchange_coefficient
1279	ENDIF
1280	ENDDO
1281	ENDDO
1282
1283	CASE DEFAULT
1284
1285	!
1286	!-- The DEFAULT case is reached either if the parameter
1287	!-- canopy mode contains a wrong character string or if the
1288	!-- user has coded a special case in the user interface.
1289	!-- There, the subroutine user_init_plant_canopy checks
1290	!-- which of these two conditions applies.
1291	CALL user_init_plant_canopy
1292
1293	END SELECT
1294
1295	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_s, nbgp )
1296	CALL exchange_horiz( cdc, nbgp )
1297
1298	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1299	CALL exchange_horiz( sls, nbgp )
1300	CALL exchange_horiz( sec, nbgp )
1301	ENDIF
1302
1303	!
1304	!-- Sharp boundaries of the plant canopy in horizontal directions
1305	!-- In vertical direction the interpolation is retained, as the leaf
1306	!-- area density is initialised by prescribing a vertical profile
1307	!-- consisting of piecewise linear segments. The upper boundary
1308	!-- of the plant canopy is now defined by lad_w(pch_index,:,:) = 0.0.
1309
1310	DO i = nxl, nxr
1311	DO j = nys, nyn
1312	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1313	IF ( lad_s(k,j,i) > 0.0 ) THEN
1314	lad_u(k,j,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1315	lad_u(k,j,i+1) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1316	lad_v(k,j,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1317	lad_v(k,j+1,i) = lad_s(k,j,i)
1318	ENDIF
1319	ENDDO
1320	DO k = nzb, nzt
1321	lad_w(k,j,i) = 0.5 * ( lad_s(k+1,j,i) + lad_s(k,j,i) )
1322	ENDDO
1323	ENDDO
1324	ENDDO
1325
1326	lad_w(pch_index,:,:) = 0.0
1327	lad_w(nzt+1,:,:) = lad_w(nzt,:,:)
1328
1329	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_u, nbgp )
1330	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_v, nbgp )
1331	CALL exchange_horiz( lad_w, nbgp )
1332
1333	!
1334	!-- Initialisation of the canopy heat source distribution
1335	IF ( cthf /= 0.0 ) THEN
1336	!
1337	!-- Piecewise evaluation of the leaf area index by
1338	!-- integration of the leaf area density
1339	lai(:,:,:) = 0.0
1340	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1341	DO j = nysg, nyng
1342	DO k = pch_index-1, 0, -1
1343	lai(k,j,i) = lai(k+1,j,i) + &
1344	( 0.5 * ( lad_w(k+1,j,i) + &
1345	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
1346	( zw(k+1) - zu(k+1) ) ) + &
1347	( 0.5 * ( lad_w(k,j,i) + &
1348	lad_s(k+1,j,i) ) * &
1349	( zu(k+1) - zw(k) ) )
1350	ENDDO
1351	ENDDO
1352	ENDDO
1353
1354	!
1355	!-- Evaluation of the upward kinematic vertical heat flux within the
1356	!-- canopy
1357	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1358	DO j = nysg, nyng
1359	DO k = 0, pch_index
1360	canopy_heat_flux(k,j,i) = cthf * &
1361	exp( -0.6 * lai(k,j,i) )
1362	ENDDO
1363	ENDDO
1364	ENDDO
1365
1366	!
1367	!-- The near surface heat flux is derived from the heat flux
1368	!-- distribution within the canopy
1369	shf(:,:) = canopy_heat_flux(0,:,:)
1370
1371	ENDIF
1372
1373	ENDIF
1374
1375	!
1376	!-- If required, initialize dvrp-software
1377	IF ( dt_dvrp /= 9999999.9 ) CALL init_dvrp
1378
1379	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1380	!
1381	!-- Initialize quantities needed for the ocean model
1382	CALL init_ocean
1383
1384	ELSE
1385	!
1386	!-- Initialize quantities for handling cloud physics
1387	!-- This routine must be called before lpm_init, because
1388	!-- otherwise, array pt_d_t, needed in data_output_dvrp (called by
1389	!-- lpm_init) is not defined.
1390	CALL init_cloud_physics
1391	ENDIF
1392
1393	!
1394	!-- If required, initialize particles
1395	IF ( particle_advection ) CALL lpm_init
1396
1397	!
1398	!-- Initialize the ws-scheme.
1399	IF ( ws_scheme_sca .OR. ws_scheme_mom ) CALL ws_init
1400
1401	!
1402	!-- Setting weighting factors for calculation of perturbation pressure
1403	!-- and turbulent quantities from the RK substeps
1404	IF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-3' ) THEN ! for RK3-method
1405
1406	weight_substep(1) = 1./6.
1407	weight_substep(2) = 3./10.
1408	weight_substep(3) = 8./15.
1409
1410	weight_pres(1) = 1./3.
1411	weight_pres(2) = 5./12.
1412	weight_pres(3) = 1./4.
1413
1414	ELSEIF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-2' ) THEN ! for RK2-method
1415
1416	weight_substep(1) = 1./2.
1417	weight_substep(2) = 1./2.
1418
1419	weight_pres(1) = 1./2.
1420	weight_pres(2) = 1./2.
1421
1422	ELSE ! for Euler-method
1423
1424	weight_substep(1) = 1.0
1425	weight_pres(1) = 1.0
1426
1427	ENDIF
1428
1429	!
1430	!-- Initialize Rayleigh damping factors
1431	rdf = 0.0
1432	rdf_sc = 0.0
1433	IF ( rayleigh_damping_factor /= 0.0 ) THEN
1434	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
1435	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1436	IF ( zu(k) >= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1437	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1438	( SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( zu(k) - rayleigh_damping_height ) &
1439	/ ( zu(nzt) - rayleigh_damping_height ) )&
1440	)**2
1441	ENDIF
1442	ENDDO
1443	ELSE
1444	DO k = nzt, nzb+1, -1
1445	IF ( zu(k) <= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1446	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1447	( SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(k) ) &
1448	/ ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(nzb+1)))&
1449	)**2
1450	ENDIF
1451	ENDDO
1452	ENDIF
1453	ENDIF
1454	IF ( scalar_rayleigh_damping ) rdf_sc = rdf
1455
1456	!
1457	!-- Initialize the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
1458	!-- the external pressure gradient
1459	dp_smooth_factor = 1.0
1460	IF ( dp_external ) THEN
1461	!
1462	!-- Set the starting level dp_level_ind_b only if it has not been set before
1463	!-- (e.g. in init_grid).
1464	IF ( dp_level_ind_b == 0 ) THEN
1465	ind_array = MINLOC( ABS( dp_level_b - zu ) )
1466	dp_level_ind_b = ind_array(1) - 1 + nzb
1467	! MINLOC uses lower array bound 1
1468	ENDIF
1469	IF ( dp_smooth ) THEN
1470	dp_smooth_factor(:dp_level_ind_b) = 0.0
1471	DO k = dp_level_ind_b+1, nzt
1472	dp_smooth_factor(k) = 0.5 * ( 1.0 + SIN( pi * &
1473	( REAL( k - dp_level_ind_b ) / &
1474	REAL( nzt - dp_level_ind_b ) - 0.5 ) ) )
1475	ENDDO
1476	ENDIF
1477	ENDIF
1478
1479	!
1480	!-- Initialize damping zone for the potential temperature in case of
1481	!-- non-cyclic lateral boundaries. The damping zone has the maximum value
1482	!-- at the inflow boundary and decreases to zero at pt_damping_width.
1483	ptdf_x = 0.0
1484	ptdf_y = 0.0
1485	IF ( bc_lr_dirrad .OR. bc_lr_dirneu ) THEN
1486	DO i = nxl, nxr
1487	IF ( ( i * dx ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
1488	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * ( SIN( pi * 0.5 * &
1489	REAL( pt_damping_width - i * dx ) / ( &
1490	REAL( pt_damping_width ) ) ) )**2
1491	ENDIF
1492	ENDDO
1493	ELSEIF ( bc_lr_raddir .OR. bc_lr_neudir ) THEN
1494	DO i = nxl, nxr
1495	IF ( ( i * dx ) > ( nx * dx - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
1496	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * &
1497	SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( ( i - nx ) * dx + pt_damping_width ) / &
1498	REAL( pt_damping_width ) )**2
1499	ENDIF
1500	ENDDO
1501	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_dirrad .OR. bc_ns_dirneu ) THEN
1502	DO j = nys, nyn
1503	IF ( ( j * dy ) > ( ny * dy - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
1504	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
1505	SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( ( j - ny ) * dy + pt_damping_width ) / &
1506	REAL( pt_damping_width ) )**2
1507	ENDIF
1508	ENDDO
1509	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_raddir .OR. bc_ns_neudir ) THEN
1510	DO j = nys, nyn
1511	IF ( ( j * dy ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
1512	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
1513	SIN( pi * 0.5 * ( pt_damping_width - j * dy ) / &
1514	REAL( pt_damping_width ) )**2
1515	ENDIF
1516	ENDDO
1517	ENDIF
1518
1519	!
1520	!-- Initialize local summation arrays for routine flow_statistics.
1521	!-- This is necessary because they may not yet have been initialized when they
1522	!-- are called from flow_statistics (or - depending on the chosen model run -
1523	!-- are never initialized)
1524	sums_divnew_l = 0.0
1525	sums_divold_l = 0.0
1526	sums_l_l = 0.0
1527	sums_up_fraction_l = 0.0
1528	sums_wsts_bc_l = 0.0
1529
1530	!
1531	!-- Pre-set masks for regional statistics. Default is the total model domain.
1532	rmask = 1.0
1533
1534	!
1535	!-- User-defined initializing actions. Check afterwards, if maximum number
1536	!-- of allowed timeseries is exceeded
1537	CALL user_init
1538
1539	IF ( dots_num > dots_max ) THEN
1540	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'number of time series quantities exceeds', &
1541	' its maximum of dots_max = ', dots_max, &
1542	' &Please increase dots_max in modules.f90.'
1543	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0194', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1544	ENDIF
1545
1546	!
1547	!-- Input binary data file is not needed anymore. This line must be placed
1548	!-- after call of user_init!
1549	CALL close_file( 13 )
1550
1551	!
1552	!-- Compute total sum of active mask grid points
1553	!-- ngp_2dh: number of grid points of a horizontal cross section through the
1554	!-- total domain
1555	!-- ngp_3d: number of grid points of the total domain
1556	ngp_2dh_outer_l = 0
1557	ngp_2dh_outer = 0
1558	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l = 0
1559	ngp_2dh_s_inner = 0
1560	ngp_2dh_l = 0
1561	ngp_2dh = 0
1562	ngp_3d_inner_l = 0.0
1563	ngp_3d_inner = 0
1564	ngp_3d = 0
1565	ngp_sums = ( nz + 2 ) * ( pr_palm + max_pr_user )
1566
1567	DO sr = 0, statistic_regions
1568	DO i = nxl, nxr
1569	DO j = nys, nyn
1570	IF ( rmask(j,i,sr) == 1.0 ) THEN
1571	!
1572	!-- All xy-grid points
1573	ngp_2dh_l(sr) = ngp_2dh_l(sr) + 1
1574	!
1575	!-- xy-grid points above topography
1576	DO k = nzb_s_outer(j,i), nz + 1
1577	ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) + 1
1578	ENDDO
1579	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i), nz + 1
1580	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) + 1
1581	ENDDO
1582	!
1583	!-- All grid points of the total domain above topography
1584	ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) = ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) + &
1585	( nz - nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 )
1586	ENDIF
1587	ENDDO
1588	ENDDO
1589	ENDDO
1590
1591	sr = statistic_regions + 1
1592	#if defined( __parallel )
1593	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1594	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_l(0), ngp_2dh(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, &
1595	comm2d, ierr )
1596	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1597	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_outer_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_outer(0,0), (nz+2)*sr, &
1598	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1599	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1600	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_s_inner(0,0), &
1601	(nz+2)*sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1602	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1603	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_3d_inner_l(0), ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
1604	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1605	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_tmp, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1606	#else
1607	ngp_2dh = ngp_2dh_l
1608	ngp_2dh_outer = ngp_2dh_outer_l
1609	ngp_2dh_s_inner = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
1610	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_l, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1611	#endif
1612
1613	ngp_3d = INT ( ngp_2dh, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) ) * &
1614	INT ( (nz + 2 ), KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1615
1616	!
1617	!-- Set a lower limit of 1 in order to avoid zero divisions in flow_statistics,
1618	!-- buoyancy, etc. A zero value will occur for cases where all grid points of
1619	!-- the respective subdomain lie below the surface topography
1620	ngp_2dh_outer = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_outer(:,:) )
1621	ngp_3d_inner = MAX( INT(1, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 )), &
1622	ngp_3d_inner(:) )
1623	ngp_2dh_s_inner = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_s_inner(:,:) )
1624
1625	DEALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_l, ngp_2dh_outer_l, ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp )
1626
1627
1628	END SUBROUTINE init_3d_model

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