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init_3d_model.f90 @ 4186

Last change on this file since 4186 was 4186, checked in by suehring, 5 years ago

Enable limitation of Obukhov length so that it does not become zero; to read input data from netcdf in init_3d_model use provided module variables instead of defining local ones; tests updated because changes in Obukhov lengths causes small differences during the initial phase of the run

Property svn:keywords set to Id

Property svn:mergeinfo set to False

/palm/branches/chemistry/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90	2047-3190,3218-3297
/palm/branches/forwind/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90	1564-1913
/palm/branches/mosaik_M2/init_3d_model.f90	2360-3471
/palm/branches/palm4u/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90	2540-2692
/palm/branches/rans/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90	2078-3128
/palm/branches/resler/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90	2023-3605
/palm/branches/salsa/SOURCE/init_3d_model.f90	2503-3581

File size: 80.7 KB

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1	!> @file init_3d_model.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! ------------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: init_3d_model.f90 4186 2019-08-23 16:06:14Z suehring $
27	! Design change, use variables defined in netcdf_data_input_mod to read netcd
28	! variables rather than define local ones.
29	!
30	! 4185 2019-08-23 13:49:38Z oliver.maas
31	! For initializing_actions = ' cyclic_fill':
32	! Overwrite u_init, v_init, pt_init, q_init and s_init with the
33	! (temporally) and horizontally averaged vertical profiles from the end
34	! of the prerun, because these profiles shall be used as the basic state
35	! for the rayleigh damping and the pt_damping.
36	!
37	! 4182 2019-08-22 15:20:23Z scharf
38	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
39	!
40	! 4168 2019-08-16 13:50:17Z suehring
41	! Replace function get_topography_top_index by topo_top_ind
42	!
43	! 4151 2019-08-09 08:24:30Z suehring
44	! Add netcdf directive around input calls (fix for last commit)
45	!
46	! 4150 2019-08-08 20:00:47Z suehring
47	! Input of additional surface variables independent on land- or urban-surface
48	! model
49	!
50	! 4131 2019-08-02 11:06:18Z monakurppa
51	! Allocate sums and sums_l to allow profile output for salsa variables.
52	!
53	! 4130 2019-08-01 13:04:13Z suehring
54	! Effectively reduce 3D initialization to 1D initial profiles. This is because
55	! 3D initialization produces structures in the w-component that are correlated
56	! with the processor grid for some unknown reason
57	!
58	! 4090 2019-07-11 15:06:47Z Giersch
59	! Unused variables removed
60	!
61	! 4088 2019-07-11 13:57:56Z Giersch
62	! Pressure and density profile calculations revised using basic functions
63	!
64	! 4048 2019-06-21 21:00:21Z knoop
65	! Further modularization of particle code components
66	!
67	! 4017 2019-06-06 12:16:46Z schwenkel
68	! Convert most location messages to debug messages to reduce output in
69	! job logfile to a minimum
70	!
71	!
72	! unused variable removed
73	!
74	! 3937 2019-04-29 15:09:07Z suehring
75	! Move initialization of synthetic turbulence generator behind initialization
76	! of offline nesting. Remove call for stg_adjust, as this is now already done
77	! in stg_init.
78	!
79	! 3900 2019-04-16 15:17:43Z suehring
80	! Fix problem with LOD = 2 initialization
81	!
82	! 3885 2019-04-11 11:29:34Z kanani
83	! Changes related to global restructuring of location messages and introduction
84	! of additional debug messages
85	!
86	! 3849 2019-04-01 16:35:16Z knoop
87	! Move initialization of rmask before initializing user_init_arrays
88	!
89	! 3711 2019-01-31 13:44:26Z knoop
90	! Introduced module_interface_init_checks for post-init checks in modules
91	!
92	! 3700 2019-01-26 17:03:42Z knoop
93	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
94	!
95	! 3648 2019-01-02 16:35:46Z suehring
96	! Rename subroutines for surface-data output
97	!
98	! Revision 1.1 1998/03/09 16:22:22 raasch
99	! Initial revision
100	!
101	!
102	! Description:
103	! ------------
104	!> Allocation of arrays and initialization of the 3D model via
105	!> a) pre-run the 1D model
106	!> or
107	!> b) pre-set constant linear profiles
108	!> or
109	!> c) read values of a previous run
110	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
111	SUBROUTINE init_3d_model
112
113
114	USE advec_ws
115
116	USE arrays_3d
117
118	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
119	ONLY: c_p, g, l_v, pi, exner_function, exner_function_invers, &
120	ideal_gas_law_rho, ideal_gas_law_rho_pt, barometric_formula
121
122	USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, &
123	ONLY: bulk_cloud_model
124
125	USE chem_modules, &
126	ONLY: max_pr_cs ! ToDo: this dependency needs to be removed cause it is ugly #new_dom
127
128	USE control_parameters
129
130	USE grid_variables, &
131	ONLY: dx, dy, ddx2_mg, ddy2_mg
132
133	USE indices
134
135	USE kinds
136
137	USE lsf_nudging_mod, &
138	ONLY: ls_forcing_surf
139
140	USE model_1d_mod, &
141	ONLY: init_1d_model, l1d, u1d, v1d
142
143	USE module_interface, &
144	ONLY: module_interface_init_arrays, &
145	module_interface_init, &
146	module_interface_init_checks
147
148	USE multi_agent_system_mod, &
149	ONLY: agents_active, mas_init
150
151	USE netcdf_interface, &
152	ONLY: dots_max
153
154	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
155	ONLY: char_fill, &
156	check_existence, &
157	close_input_file, &
158	get_attribute, &
159	get_variable, &
160	init_3d, &
161	input_pids_static, &
162	inquire_num_variables, &
163	inquire_variable_names, &
164	input_file_static, &
165	netcdf_data_input_init_3d, &
166	num_var_pids, &
167	open_read_file, &
168	pids_id, &
169	real_2d, &
170	vars_pids
171
172	USE nesting_offl_mod, &
173	ONLY: nesting_offl_init
174
175	USE pegrid
176
177	#if defined( __parallel )
178	USE pmc_interface, &
179	ONLY: nested_run
180	#endif
181
182	USE random_function_mod
183
184	USE random_generator_parallel, &
185	ONLY: init_parallel_random_generator
186
187	USE read_restart_data_mod, &
188	ONLY: rrd_read_parts_of_global, rrd_local
189
190	USE statistics, &
191	ONLY: hom, hom_sum, mean_surface_level_height, pr_palm, rmask, &
192	statistic_regions, sums, sums_divnew_l, sums_divold_l, sums_l, &
193	sums_l_l, sums_wsts_bc_l, ts_value, &
194	weight_pres, weight_substep
195
196	USE synthetic_turbulence_generator_mod, &
197	ONLY: stg_init, use_syn_turb_gen
198
199	USE surface_layer_fluxes_mod, &
200	ONLY: init_surface_layer_fluxes
201
202	USE surface_mod, &
203	ONLY : init_single_surface_properties, &
204	init_surface_arrays, &
205	init_surfaces, &
206	surf_def_h, &
207	surf_def_v, &
208	surf_lsm_h, &
209	surf_usm_h
210
211	#if defined( _OPENACC )
212	USE surface_mod, &
213	ONLY : bc_h
214	#endif
215
216	USE surface_data_output_mod, &
217	ONLY: surface_data_output_init
218
219	USE transpose_indices
220
221	IMPLICIT NONE
222
223	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index in x direction
224	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_array(1) !< dummy used to determine start index for external pressure forcing
225	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index in y direction
226	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index in z direction
227	INTEGER(iwp) :: k_surf !< surface level index
228	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index over surface orientation
229	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< index of surface element in surface data type
230	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_u_shift !< topography-top index on u-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
231	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_v_shift !< topography-top index on v-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
232	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_w_shift !< topography-top index on w-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
233	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_s_shift !< topography-top index on scalar-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
234	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_u_shift_l !< topography-top index on u-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
235	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_v_shift_l !< topography-top index on v-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
236	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_w_shift_l !< topography-top index on w-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
237	INTEGER(iwp) :: nz_s_shift_l !< topography-top index on scalar-grid, used to vertically shift initial profiles
238	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_l !< index of top PE boundary for multigrid level
239	INTEGER(iwp) :: sr !< index of statistic region
240
241	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_l !< toal number of horizontal grid points in statistical region on subdomain
242
243	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_outer_l !< number of horizontal non-wall bounded grid points on subdomain
244	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_s_inner_l !< number of horizontal non-topography grid points on subdomain
245
246
247
248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: init_l !< dummy array used for averaging 3D data to obtain inital profiles
249	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: p_hydrostatic !< hydrostatic pressure
250
251	REAL(wp) :: dx_l !< grid spacing along x on different multigrid level
252	REAL(wp) :: dy_l !< grid spacing along y on different multigrid level
253
254	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_area_l !< area of lateral and top model domain surface on local subdomain
255	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_initial_l !< initial volume flow into model domain
256
257	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: mean_surface_level_height_l !< mean surface level height on subdomain
258	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_l !< total number of non-topography grid points on subdomain
259	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_tmp !< total number of non-topography grid points
260
261	TYPE(real_2d) :: tmp_2d !< temporary variable to input additional surface-data from static file
262
263	CALL location_message( 'model initialization', 'start' )
264
265	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'allocating arrays', 'start' )
266	!
267	!-- Allocate arrays
268	ALLOCATE( mean_surface_level_height(0:statistic_regions), &
269	mean_surface_level_height_l(0:statistic_regions), &
270	ngp_2dh(0:statistic_regions), ngp_2dh_l(0:statistic_regions), &
271	ngp_3d(0:statistic_regions), &
272	ngp_3d_inner(0:statistic_regions), &
273	ngp_3d_inner_l(0:statistic_regions), &
274	ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0:statistic_regions), &
275	sums_divnew_l(0:statistic_regions), &
276	sums_divold_l(0:statistic_regions) )
277	ALLOCATE( dp_smooth_factor(nzb:nzt), rdf(nzb+1:nzt), rdf_sc(nzb+1:nzt) )
278	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_outer(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
279	ngp_2dh_outer_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
280	ngp_2dh_s_inner(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
281	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
282	rmask(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,0:statistic_regions), &
283	sums(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user+max_pr_cs+max_pr_salsa), &
284	sums_l(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user+max_pr_cs+max_pr_salsa,0:threads_per_task-1), &
285	sums_l_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions,0:threads_per_task-1), &
286	sums_wsts_bc_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions) )
287	ALLOCATE( ts_value(dots_max,0:statistic_regions) )
288	ALLOCATE( ptdf_x(nxlg:nxrg), ptdf_y(nysg:nyng) )
289
290	ALLOCATE( d(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
291	p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
292	tend(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
293
294	ALLOCATE( pt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
295	pt_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
296	u_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
297	u_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
298	u_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
299	v_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
300	v_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
301	v_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
302	w_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
303	w_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
304	w_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
305	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
306	ALLOCATE( pt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
307	ENDIF
308	!
309	!-- Pre-set masks for regional statistics. Default is the total model domain.
310	!-- Ghost points are excluded because counting values at the ghost boundaries
311	!-- would bias the statistics
312	rmask = 1.0_wp
313	rmask(:,nxlg:nxl-1,:) = 0.0_wp; rmask(:,nxr+1:nxrg,:) = 0.0_wp
314	rmask(nysg:nys-1,:,:) = 0.0_wp; rmask(nyn+1:nyng,:,:) = 0.0_wp
315	!
316	!-- Following array is required for perturbation pressure within the iterative
317	!-- pressure solvers. For the multistep schemes (Runge-Kutta), array p holds
318	!-- the weighted average of the substeps and cannot be used in the Poisson
319	!-- solver.
320	IF ( psolver == 'sor' ) THEN
321	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
322	ELSEIF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
323	!
324	!-- For performance reasons, multigrid is using one ghost layer only
325	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
326	ENDIF
327
328	!
329	!-- Array for storing constant coeffficients of the tridiagonal solver
330	IF ( psolver == 'poisfft' ) THEN
331	ALLOCATE( tri(nxl_z:nxr_z,nys_z:nyn_z,0:nz-1,2) )
332	ALLOCATE( tric(nxl_z:nxr_z,nys_z:nyn_z,0:nz-1) )
333	ENDIF
334
335	IF ( humidity ) THEN
336	!
337	!-- 3D-humidity
338	ALLOCATE( q_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
339	q_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
340	q_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
341	vpt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
342	ENDIF
343
344	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
345
346	!
347	!-- 3D scalar arrays
348	ALLOCATE( s_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
349	s_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
350	s_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
351
352	ENDIF
353
354	!
355	!-- Allocate and set 1d-profiles for Stokes drift velocity. It may be set to
356	!-- non-zero values later in ocean_init
357	ALLOCATE( u_stokes_zu(nzb:nzt+1), u_stokes_zw(nzb:nzt+1), &
358	v_stokes_zu(nzb:nzt+1), v_stokes_zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
359	u_stokes_zu(:) = 0.0_wp
360	u_stokes_zw(:) = 0.0_wp
361	v_stokes_zu(:) = 0.0_wp
362	v_stokes_zw(:) = 0.0_wp
363
364	!
365	!-- Allocation of anelastic and Boussinesq approximation specific arrays
366	ALLOCATE( p_hydrostatic(nzb:nzt+1) )
367	ALLOCATE( rho_air(nzb:nzt+1) )
368	ALLOCATE( rho_air_zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
369	ALLOCATE( drho_air(nzb:nzt+1) )
370	ALLOCATE( drho_air_zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
371	!
372	!-- Density profile calculation for anelastic and Boussinesq approximation
373	!-- In case of a Boussinesq approximation, a constant density is calculated
374	!-- mainly for output purposes. This density do not need to be considered
375	!-- in the model's system of equations.
376	IF ( TRIM( approximation ) == 'anelastic' ) THEN
377	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
378	p_hydrostatic(k) = barometric_formula(zu(k), pt_surface * &
379	exner_function(surface_pressure * 100.0_wp), &
380	surface_pressure * 100.0_wp)
381
382	rho_air(k) = ideal_gas_law_rho_pt(p_hydrostatic(k), pt_init(k))
383	ENDDO
384
385	DO k = nzb, nzt
386	rho_air_zw(k) = 0.5_wp * ( rho_air(k) + rho_air(k+1) )
387	ENDDO
388
389	rho_air_zw(nzt+1) = rho_air_zw(nzt) &
390	+ 2.0_wp * ( rho_air(nzt+1) - rho_air_zw(nzt) )
391
392	ELSE
393	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
394	p_hydrostatic(k) = barometric_formula(zu(nzb), pt_surface * &
395	exner_function(surface_pressure * 100.0_wp), &
396	surface_pressure * 100.0_wp)
397
398	rho_air(k) = ideal_gas_law_rho_pt(p_hydrostatic(k), pt_init(nzb))
399	ENDDO
400
401	DO k = nzb, nzt
402	rho_air_zw(k) = 0.5_wp * ( rho_air(k) + rho_air(k+1) )
403	ENDDO
404
405	rho_air_zw(nzt+1) = rho_air_zw(nzt) &
406	+ 2.0_wp * ( rho_air(nzt+1) - rho_air_zw(nzt) )
407
408	ENDIF
409	!
410	!-- compute the inverse density array in order to avoid expencive divisions
411	drho_air = 1.0_wp / rho_air
412	drho_air_zw = 1.0_wp / rho_air_zw
413
414	!
415	!-- Allocation of flux conversion arrays
416	ALLOCATE( heatflux_input_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
417	ALLOCATE( waterflux_input_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
418	ALLOCATE( momentumflux_input_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
419	ALLOCATE( heatflux_output_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
420	ALLOCATE( waterflux_output_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
421	ALLOCATE( momentumflux_output_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
422
423	!
424	!-- calculate flux conversion factors according to approximation and in-/output mode
425	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
426
427	IF ( TRIM( flux_input_mode ) == 'kinematic' ) THEN
428	heatflux_input_conversion(k) = rho_air_zw(k)
429	waterflux_input_conversion(k) = rho_air_zw(k)
430	momentumflux_input_conversion(k) = rho_air_zw(k)
431	ELSEIF ( TRIM( flux_input_mode ) == 'dynamic' ) THEN
432	heatflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp / c_p
433	waterflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp / l_v
434	momentumflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
435	ENDIF
436
437	IF ( TRIM( flux_output_mode ) == 'kinematic' ) THEN
438	heatflux_output_conversion(k) = drho_air_zw(k)
439	waterflux_output_conversion(k) = drho_air_zw(k)
440	momentumflux_output_conversion(k) = drho_air_zw(k)
441	ELSEIF ( TRIM( flux_output_mode ) == 'dynamic' ) THEN
442	heatflux_output_conversion(k) = c_p
443	waterflux_output_conversion(k) = l_v
444	momentumflux_output_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
445	ENDIF
446
447	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
448	waterflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
449	waterflux_output_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
450	ENDIF
451
452	ENDDO
453
454	!
455	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
456	!-- grid levels with respective density on each grid
457	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
458
459	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level) )
460	ALLOCATE( ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level) )
461	ALLOCATE( dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
462	ALLOCATE( dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
463	ALLOCATE( f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
464	ALLOCATE( f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
465	ALLOCATE( f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
466	ALLOCATE( rho_air_mg(nzb:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
467	ALLOCATE( rho_air_zw_mg(nzb:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
468
469	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
470	rho_air_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = rho_air
471	!
472	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
473	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
474	rho_air_mg(nzb,maximum_grid_level) = rho_air(nzb) + &
475	(rho_air(nzb) - rho_air(nzb+1))
476
477	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
478	rho_air_zw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = rho_air_zw
479	nzt_l = nzt
480	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
481	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
482	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
483	rho_air_mg(nzb,l) = rho_air_mg(nzb,l+1) + (rho_air_mg(nzb,l+1) - rho_air_mg(nzb+1,l+1))
484	rho_air_zw_mg(nzb,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(nzb,l+1) + (rho_air_zw_mg(nzb,l+1) - rho_air_zw_mg(nzb+1,l+1))
485	rho_air_mg(nzb+1,l) = rho_air_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
486	rho_air_zw_mg(nzb+1,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
487	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
488	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
489	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
490	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
491	rho_air_mg(k,l) = rho_air_mg(2*k-1,l+1)
492	rho_air_zw_mg(k,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(2*k-1,l+1)
493	ENDDO
494	ENDDO
495
496	nzt_l = nzt
497	dx_l = dx
498	dy_l = dy
499	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
500	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dx_l**2
501	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dy_l**2
502	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
503	f2_mg(k,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(k,l) / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
504	f3_mg(k,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(k-1,l) / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
505	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0_wp * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) &
506	* rho_air_mg(k,l) + f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
507	ENDDO
508	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
509	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0_wp
510	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0_wp
511	ENDDO
512
513	ENDIF
514
515	!
516	!-- 1D-array for large scale subsidence velocity
517	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( w_subs ) ) THEN
518	ALLOCATE ( w_subs(nzb:nzt+1) )
519	w_subs = 0.0_wp
520	ENDIF
521
522	!
523	!-- Arrays to store velocity data from t-dt and the phase speeds which
524	!-- are needed for radiation boundary conditions
525	IF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
526	ALLOCATE( u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,1:2), &
527	v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1), &
528	w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1) )
529	ENDIF
530	IF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
531	ALLOCATE( u_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
532	v_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
533	w_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx) )
534	ENDIF
535	IF ( bc_radiation_l .OR. bc_radiation_r ) THEN
536	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
537	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
538	ENDIF
539	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
540	ALLOCATE( u_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg), &
541	v_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,1:2,nxlg:nxrg), &
542	w_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg) )
543	ENDIF
544	IF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
545	ALLOCATE( u_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
546	v_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
547	w_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg) )
548	ENDIF
549	IF ( bc_radiation_s .OR. bc_radiation_n ) THEN
550	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
551	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
552	ENDIF
553	IF ( bc_radiation_l .OR. bc_radiation_r .OR. bc_radiation_s .OR. &
554	bc_radiation_n ) THEN
555	ALLOCATE( c_u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
556	ALLOCATE( c_u_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m(nzb:nzt+1) )
557	ENDIF
558
559	!
560	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
561	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
562	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_2; tpt_m => pt_3
563	ELSE
564	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_1; tpt_m => pt_3
565	ENDIF
566	u => u_1; u_p => u_2; tu_m => u_3
567	v => v_1; v_p => v_2; tv_m => v_3
568	w => w_1; w_p => w_2; tw_m => w_3
569
570	IF ( humidity ) THEN
571	q => q_1; q_p => q_2; tq_m => q_3
572	vpt => vpt_1
573	ENDIF
574
575	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
576	s => s_1; s_p => s_2; ts_m => s_3
577	ENDIF
578
579	!
580	!-- Initialize surface arrays
581	CALL init_surface_arrays
582	!
583	!-- Allocate arrays for other modules
584	CALL module_interface_init_arrays
585
586
587	!
588	!-- Allocate arrays containing the RK coefficient for calculation of
589	!-- perturbation pressure and turbulent fluxes. At this point values are
590	!-- set for pressure calculation during initialization (where no timestep
591	!-- is done). Further below the values needed within the timestep scheme
592	!-- will be set.
593	ALLOCATE( weight_substep(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max), &
594	weight_pres(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max) )
595	weight_substep = 1.0_wp
596	weight_pres = 1.0_wp
597	intermediate_timestep_count = 0 ! needed when simulated_time = 0.0
598
599	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'allocating arrays', 'end' )
600
601	!
602	!-- Initialize time series
603	ts_value = 0.0_wp
604
605	!
606	!-- Initialize local summation arrays for routine flow_statistics.
607	!-- This is necessary because they may not yet have been initialized when they
608	!-- are called from flow_statistics (or - depending on the chosen model run -
609	!-- are never initialized)
610	sums_divnew_l = 0.0_wp
611	sums_divold_l = 0.0_wp
612	sums_l_l = 0.0_wp
613	sums_wsts_bc_l = 0.0_wp
614
615	!
616	!-- Initialize model variables
617	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
618	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
619	!
620	!-- Initialization with provided input data derived from larger-scale model
621	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'inifor' ) /= 0 ) THEN
622	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing with INIFOR', 'start' )
623	!
624	!-- Read initial 1D profiles or 3D data from NetCDF file, depending
625	!-- on the provided level-of-detail.
626	!-- At the moment, only u, v, w, pt and q are provided.
627	CALL netcdf_data_input_init_3d
628	!
629	!-- Please note, Inifor provides data from nzb+1 to nzt.
630	!-- Bottom and top boundary conditions for Inifor profiles are already
631	!-- set (just after reading), so that this is not necessary here.
632	!-- Depending on the provided level-of-detail, initial Inifor data is
633	!-- either stored on data type (lod=1), or directly on 3D arrays (lod=2).
634	!-- In order to obtain also initial profiles in case of lod=2 (which
635	!-- is required for e.g. damping), average over 3D data.
636	IF( init_3d%lod_u == 1 ) THEN
637	u_init = init_3d%u_init
638	ELSEIF( init_3d%lod_u == 2 ) THEN
639	ALLOCATE( init_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
640	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
641	init_l(k) = SUM( u(k,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
642	ENDDO
643	init_l = init_l / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
644
645	#if defined( __parallel )
646	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( init_l, u_init, nzt+1-nzb+1, &
647	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
648	#else
649	u_init = init_l
650	#endif
651	DEALLOCATE( init_l )
652
653	ENDIF
654
655	IF( init_3d%lod_v == 1 ) THEN
656	v_init = init_3d%v_init
657	ELSEIF( init_3d%lod_v == 2 ) THEN
658	ALLOCATE( init_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
659	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
660	init_l(k) = SUM( v(k,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
661	ENDDO
662	init_l = init_l / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
663
664	#if defined( __parallel )
665	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( init_l, v_init, nzt+1-nzb+1, &
666	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
667	#else
668	v_init = init_l
669	#endif
670	DEALLOCATE( init_l )
671	ENDIF
672	IF( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
673	IF( init_3d%lod_pt == 1 ) THEN
674	pt_init = init_3d%pt_init
675	ELSEIF( init_3d%lod_pt == 2 ) THEN
676	ALLOCATE( init_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
677	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
678	init_l(k) = SUM( pt(k,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
679	ENDDO
680	init_l = init_l / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
681
682	#if defined( __parallel )
683	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( init_l, pt_init, nzt+1-nzb+1, &
684	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
685	#else
686	pt_init = init_l
687	#endif
688	DEALLOCATE( init_l )
689	ENDIF
690	ENDIF
691
692
693	IF( humidity ) THEN
694	IF( init_3d%lod_q == 1 ) THEN
695	q_init = init_3d%q_init
696	ELSEIF( init_3d%lod_q == 2 ) THEN
697	ALLOCATE( init_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
698	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
699	init_l(k) = SUM( q(k,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
700	ENDDO
701	init_l = init_l / REAL( ( nx + 1 ) * ( ny + 1 ), KIND = wp )
702
703	#if defined( __parallel )
704	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( init_l, q_init, nzt+1-nzb+1, &
705	MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
706	#else
707	q_init = init_l
708	#endif
709	DEALLOCATE( init_l )
710	ENDIF
711	ENDIF
712
713	!
714	!-- Write initial profiles onto 3D arrays.
715	!-- Work-around, 3D initialization of u,v,w creates artificial
716	!-- structures wich correlate with the processor grid. The reason
717	!-- for this is still unknown. To work-around this, 3D initialization
718	!-- will be effectively reduce to a 1D initialization where no such
719	!-- artificial structures appear.
720	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
721	DO j = nysg, nyng
722	IF( init_3d%lod_u == 1 .OR. init_3d%lod_u == 2 ) &
723	u(:,j,i) = u_init(:)
724	IF( init_3d%lod_v == 1 .OR. init_3d%lod_u == 2 ) &
725	v(:,j,i) = v_init(:)
726	IF( .NOT. neutral .AND. &
727	( init_3d%lod_pt == 1 .OR. init_3d%lod_pt == 2 ) ) &
728	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init(:)
729	IF( humidity .AND. &
730	( init_3d%lod_q == 1 .OR. init_3d%lod_q == 2 ) ) &
731	q(:,j,i) = q_init(:)
732	ENDDO
733	ENDDO
734	!
735	!-- Set geostrophic wind components.
736	IF ( init_3d%from_file_ug ) THEN
737	ug(:) = init_3d%ug_init(:)
738	ENDIF
739	IF ( init_3d%from_file_vg ) THEN
740	vg(:) = init_3d%vg_init(:)
741	ENDIF
742	!
743	!-- Set bottom and top boundary condition for geostrophic wind
744	ug(nzt+1) = ug(nzt)
745	vg(nzt+1) = vg(nzt)
746	ug(nzb) = ug(nzb+1)
747	vg(nzb) = vg(nzb+1)
748	!
749	!-- Set inital w to 0
750	w = 0.0_wp
751
752	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
753	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
754	DO j = nysg, nyng
755	s(:,j,i) = s_init
756	ENDDO
757	ENDDO
758	ENDIF
759
760	!
761	!-- Set velocity components at non-atmospheric / oceanic grid points to
762	!-- zero.
763	u = MERGE( u, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 1 ) )
764	v = MERGE( v, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 2 ) )
765	w = MERGE( w, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 3 ) )
766	!
767	!-- Initialize surface variables, e.g. friction velocity, momentum
768	!-- fluxes, etc.
769	CALL init_surfaces
770
771	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing with INIFOR', 'end' )
772	!
773	!-- Initialization via computed 1D-model profiles
774	ELSEIF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_1d-model_profiles' ) /= 0 ) THEN
775
776	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing with 1D model profiles', 'start' )
777	!
778	!-- Use solutions of the 1D model as initial profiles,
779	!-- start 1D model
780	CALL init_1d_model
781	!
782	!-- Transfer initial profiles to the arrays of the 3D model
783	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
784	DO j = nysg, nyng
785	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
786	u(:,j,i) = u1d
787	v(:,j,i) = v1d
788	ENDDO
789	ENDDO
790
791	IF ( humidity ) THEN
792	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
793	DO j = nysg, nyng
794	q(:,j,i) = q_init
795	ENDDO
796	ENDDO
797	ENDIF
798
799	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
800	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
801	DO j = nysg, nyng
802	s(:,j,i) = s_init
803	ENDDO
804	ENDDO
805	ENDIF
806	!
807	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
808	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
809	hom(:,1,25,:) = SPREAD( l1d, 2, statistic_regions+1 )
810	ENDIF
811	!
812	!-- Set velocities back to zero
813	u = MERGE( u, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 1 ) )
814	v = MERGE( v, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 2 ) )
815	!
816	!-- WARNING: The extra boundary conditions set after running the
817	!-- ------- 1D model impose an error on the divergence one layer
818	!-- below the topography; need to correct later
819	!-- ATTENTION: Provisional correction for Piacsek & Williams
820	!-- --------- advection scheme: keep u and v zero one layer below
821	!-- the topography.
822	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
823	!
824	!-- Neumann condition
825	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
826	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
827	u(nzb,j,i) = u(nzb+1,j,i)
828	v(nzb,j,i) = v(nzb+1,j,i)
829	ENDDO
830	ENDDO
831
832	ENDIF
833	!
834	!-- Initialize surface variables, e.g. friction velocity, momentum
835	!-- fluxes, etc.
836	CALL init_surfaces
837
838	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing with 1D model profiles', 'end' )
839
840	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles') /= 0 ) &
841	THEN
842
843	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing with constant profiles', 'start' )
844
845	!
846	!-- Use constructed initial profiles (velocity constant with height,
847	!-- temperature profile with constant gradient)
848	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
849	DO j = nysg, nyng
850	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
851	u(:,j,i) = u_init
852	v(:,j,i) = v_init
853	ENDDO
854	ENDDO
855	!
856	!-- Mask topography
857	u = MERGE( u, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 1 ) )
858	v = MERGE( v, 0.0_wp, BTEST( wall_flags_0, 2 ) )
859	!
860	!-- Set initial horizontal velocities at the lowest computational grid
861	!-- levels to zero in order to avoid too small time steps caused by the
862	!-- diffusion limit in the initial phase of a run (at k=1, dz/2 occurs
863	!-- in the limiting formula!).
864	!-- Please note, in case land- or urban-surface model is used and a
865	!-- spinup is applied, masking the lowest computational level is not
866	!-- possible as MOST as well as energy-balance parametrizations will not
867	!-- work with zero wind velocity.
868	IF ( ibc_uv_b /= 1 .AND. .NOT. spinup ) THEN
869	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
870	DO j = nysg, nyng
871	DO k = nzb, nzt
872	u(k,j,i) = MERGE( u(k,j,i), 0.0_wp, &
873	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 20 ) )
874	v(k,j,i) = MERGE( v(k,j,i), 0.0_wp, &
875	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 21 ) )
876	ENDDO
877	ENDDO
878	ENDDO
879	ENDIF
880
881	IF ( humidity ) THEN
882	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
883	DO j = nysg, nyng
884	q(:,j,i) = q_init
885	ENDDO
886	ENDDO
887	ENDIF
888
889	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
890	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
891	DO j = nysg, nyng
892	s(:,j,i) = s_init
893	ENDDO
894	ENDDO
895	ENDIF
896
897	!
898	!-- Compute initial temperature field and other constants used in case
899	!-- of a sloping surface
900	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
901	!
902	!-- Initialize surface variables, e.g. friction velocity, momentum
903	!-- fluxes, etc.
904	CALL init_surfaces
905
906	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing with constant profiles', 'end' )
907
908	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'by_user') /= 0 ) &
909	THEN
910
911	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing by user', 'start' )
912	!
913	!-- Pre-initialize surface variables, i.e. setting start- and end-indices
914	!-- at each (j,i)-location. Please note, this does not supersede
915	!-- user-defined initialization of surface quantities.
916	CALL init_surfaces
917	!
918	!-- Initialization will completely be done by the user
919	CALL user_init_3d_model
920
921	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing by user', 'end' )
922
923	ENDIF
924
925	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing statistics, boundary conditions, etc.', 'start' )
926
927	!
928	!-- Bottom boundary
929	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
930	u(nzb,:,:) = 0.0_wp
931	v(nzb,:,:) = 0.0_wp
932	ENDIF
933
934	!
935	!-- Apply channel flow boundary condition
936	IF ( TRIM( bc_uv_t ) == 'dirichlet_0' ) THEN
937	u(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
938	v(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
939	ENDIF
940
941	!
942	!-- Calculate virtual potential temperature
943	IF ( humidity ) vpt = pt * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q )
944
945	!
946	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.. Please note, in case of
947	!-- initialization of u, v, w, pt, and q via output data derived from larger
948	!-- scale models, data will not be horizontally homogeneous. Actually, a mean
949	!-- profile should be calculated before.
950	hom(:,1,5,:) = SPREAD( u(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
951	hom(:,1,6,:) = SPREAD( v(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
952	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2) THEN
953	hom(nzb,1,5,:) = 0.0_wp
954	hom(nzb,1,6,:) = 0.0_wp
955	ENDIF
956	hom(:,1,7,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
957
958	IF ( humidity ) THEN
959	!
960	!-- Store initial profile of total water content, virtual potential
961	!-- temperature
962	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
963	hom(:,1,29,:) = SPREAD( vpt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
964	!
965	!-- Store initial profile of mixing ratio and potential
966	!-- temperature
967	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
968	hom(:,1,27,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
969	hom(:,1,28,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
970	ENDIF
971	ENDIF
972
973	!
974	!-- Store initial scalar profile
975	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
976	hom(:,1,121,:) = SPREAD( s(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
977	ENDIF
978
979	!
980	!-- Initialize the random number generators (from numerical recipes)
981	CALL random_function_ini
982
983	IF ( random_generator == 'random-parallel' ) THEN
984	CALL init_parallel_random_generator( nx, nys, nyn, nxl, nxr )
985	ENDIF
986	!
987	!-- Set the reference state to be used in the buoyancy terms (for ocean runs
988	!-- the reference state will be set (overwritten) in init_ocean)
989	IF ( use_single_reference_value ) THEN
990	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
991	ref_state(:) = pt_reference
992	ELSE
993	ref_state(:) = vpt_reference
994	ENDIF
995	ELSE
996	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
997	ref_state(:) = pt_init(:)
998	ELSE
999	ref_state(:) = vpt(:,nys,nxl)
1000	ENDIF
1001	ENDIF
1002
1003	!
1004	!-- For the moment, vertical velocity is zero
1005	w = 0.0_wp
1006
1007	!
1008	!-- Initialize array sums (must be defined in first call of pres)
1009	sums = 0.0_wp
1010
1011	!
1012	!-- In case of iterative solvers, p must get an initial value
1013	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' .OR. psolver == 'sor' ) p = 0.0_wp
1014	!
1015	!-- Impose vortex with vertical axis on the initial velocity profile
1016	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_vortex' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1017	CALL init_rankine
1018	ENDIF
1019
1020	!
1021	!-- Impose temperature anomaly (advection test only) or warm air bubble
1022	!-- close to surface
1023	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_ptanom' ) /= 0 .OR. &
1024	INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_bubble' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1025	CALL init_pt_anomaly
1026	ENDIF
1027
1028	!
1029	!-- If required, change the surface temperature at the start of the 3D run
1030	IF ( pt_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1031	pt(nzb,:,:) = pt(nzb,:,:) + pt_surface_initial_change
1032	ENDIF
1033
1034	!
1035	!-- If required, change the surface humidity/scalar at the start of the 3D
1036	!-- run
1037	IF ( humidity .AND. q_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) &
1038	q(nzb,:,:) = q(nzb,:,:) + q_surface_initial_change
1039
1040	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. s_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) &
1041	s(nzb,:,:) = s(nzb,:,:) + s_surface_initial_change
1042
1043
1044	!
1045	!-- Initialize old and new time levels.
1046	tpt_m = 0.0_wp; tu_m = 0.0_wp; tv_m = 0.0_wp; tw_m = 0.0_wp
1047	pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1048
1049	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1050	tq_m = 0.0_wp
1051	q_p = q
1052	ENDIF
1053
1054	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1055	ts_m = 0.0_wp
1056	s_p = s
1057	ENDIF
1058
1059	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing statistics, boundary conditions, etc.', 'end' )
1060
1061	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .OR. &
1062	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) &
1063	THEN
1064
1065	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing in case of restart / cyclic_fill', 'start' )
1066	!
1067	!-- Initialize surface elements and its attributes, e.g. heat- and
1068	!-- momentumfluxes, roughness, scaling parameters. As number of surface
1069	!-- elements might be different between runs, e.g. in case of cyclic fill,
1070	!-- and not all surface elements are read, surface elements need to be
1071	!-- initialized before.
1072	!-- Please note, in case of cyclic fill, surfaces should be initialized
1073	!-- after restart data is read, else, individual settings of surface
1074	!-- parameters will be overwritten from data of precursor run, hence,
1075	!-- init_surfaces is called a second time after reading the restart data.
1076	CALL init_surfaces
1077	!
1078	!-- When reading data for cyclic fill of 3D prerun data files, read
1079	!-- some of the global variables from the restart file which are required
1080	!-- for initializing the inflow
1081	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1082
1083	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
1084	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
1085	CALL rrd_read_parts_of_global
1086	ENDIF
1087	#if defined( __parallel )
1088	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1089	#endif
1090	ENDDO
1091
1092	ENDIF
1093
1094	!
1095	!-- Read processor specific binary data from restart file
1096	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
1097	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
1098	CALL rrd_local
1099	ENDIF
1100	#if defined( __parallel )
1101	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1102	#endif
1103	ENDDO
1104	!
1105	!-- In case of cyclic fill, call init_surfaces a second time, so that
1106	!-- surface properties such as heat fluxes are initialized as prescribed.
1107	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) &
1108	CALL init_surfaces
1109
1110	!
1111	!-- In case of complex terrain and cyclic fill method as initialization,
1112	!-- shift initial data in the vertical direction for each point in the
1113	!-- x-y-plane depending on local surface height
1114	IF ( complex_terrain .AND. &
1115	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1116	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1117	DO j = nysg, nyng
1118	nz_u_shift = topo_top_ind(j,i,1)
1119	nz_v_shift = topo_top_ind(j,i,2)
1120	nz_w_shift = topo_top_ind(j,i,3)
1121	nz_s_shift = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
1122
1123	u(nz_u_shift:nzt+1,j,i) = u(0:nzt+1-nz_u_shift,j,i)
1124
1125	v(nz_v_shift:nzt+1,j,i) = v(0:nzt+1-nz_v_shift,j,i)
1126
1127	w(nz_w_shift:nzt+1,j,i) = w(0:nzt+1-nz_w_shift,j,i)
1128
1129	p(nz_s_shift:nzt+1,j,i) = p(0:nzt+1-nz_s_shift,j,i)
1130	pt(nz_s_shift:nzt+1,j,i) = pt(0:nzt+1-nz_s_shift,j,i)
1131	ENDDO
1132	ENDDO
1133	ENDIF
1134	!
1135	!-- Initialization of the turbulence recycling method
1136	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1137	turbulent_inflow ) THEN
1138	!
1139	!-- First store the profiles to be used at the inflow.
1140	!-- These profiles are the (temporally) and horizontally averaged vertical
1141	!-- profiles from the prerun. Alternatively, prescribed profiles
1142	!-- for u,v-components can be used.
1143	!-- Overwrite u_init, v_init, pt_init, q_init and s_init with the
1144	!-- (temporally) and horizontally averaged vertical profiles from the end
1145	!-- of the prerun, because these profiles shall be used as the basic state
1146	!-- for the rayleigh damping and the pt_damping.
1147	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,1:num_mean_inflow_profiles) )
1148
1149	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1150	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = u_init ! u
1151	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = v_init ! v
1152	ELSE
1153	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = hom_sum(:,1,0) ! u
1154	u_init(:) = hom_sum(:,1,0)
1155	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = hom_sum(:,2,0) ! v
1156	v_init(:) = hom_sum(:,2,0)
1157	ENDIF
1158	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = hom_sum(:,4,0) ! pt
1159	pt_init(:) = hom_sum(:,4,0)
1160	IF ( humidity ) &
1161	mean_inflow_profiles(:,6) = hom_sum(:,41,0) ! q
1162	q_init(:) = hom_sum(:,41,0)
1163	IF ( passive_scalar ) &
1164	mean_inflow_profiles(:,7) = hom_sum(:,115,0) ! s
1165	s_init(:) = hom_sum(:,115,0)
1166	!
1167	!-- In case of complex terrain, determine vertical displacement at inflow
1168	!-- boundary and adjust mean inflow profiles
1169	IF ( complex_terrain ) THEN
1170	IF ( nxlg <= 0 .AND. nxrg >= 0 .AND. nysg <= 0 .AND. nyng >= 0 ) THEN
1171	nz_u_shift_l = topo_top_ind(j,i,1)
1172	nz_v_shift_l = topo_top_ind(j,i,2)
1173	nz_w_shift_l = topo_top_ind(j,i,3)
1174	nz_s_shift_l = topo_top_ind(j,i,0)
1175	ELSE
1176	nz_u_shift_l = 0
1177	nz_v_shift_l = 0
1178	nz_w_shift_l = 0
1179	nz_s_shift_l = 0
1180	ENDIF
1181
1182	#if defined( __parallel )
1183	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(nz_u_shift_l, nz_u_shift, 1, MPI_INTEGER, &
1184	MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr)
1185	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(nz_v_shift_l, nz_v_shift, 1, MPI_INTEGER, &
1186	MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr)
1187	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(nz_w_shift_l, nz_w_shift, 1, MPI_INTEGER, &
1188	MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr)
1189	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE(nz_s_shift_l, nz_s_shift, 1, MPI_INTEGER, &
1190	MPI_MAX, comm2d, ierr)
1191	#else
1192	nz_u_shift = nz_u_shift_l
1193	nz_v_shift = nz_v_shift_l
1194	nz_w_shift = nz_w_shift_l
1195	nz_s_shift = nz_s_shift_l
1196	#endif
1197
1198	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = 0.0_wp
1199	mean_inflow_profiles(nz_u_shift:nzt+1,1) = hom_sum(0:nzt+1-nz_u_shift,1,0) ! u
1200
1201	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = 0.0_wp
1202	mean_inflow_profiles(nz_v_shift:nzt+1,2) = hom_sum(0:nzt+1-nz_v_shift,2,0) ! v
1203
1204	mean_inflow_profiles(nz_s_shift:nzt+1,4) = hom_sum(0:nzt+1-nz_s_shift,4,0) ! pt
1205
1206	ENDIF
1207
1208	!
1209	!-- If necessary, adjust the horizontal flow field to the prescribed
1210	!-- profiles
1211	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1212	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1213	DO j = nysg, nyng
1214	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1215	u(k,j,i) = u(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,1,0) + u_init(k)
1216	v(k,j,i) = v(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,2,0) + v_init(k)
1217	ENDDO
1218	ENDDO
1219	ENDDO
1220	ENDIF
1221
1222	!
1223	!-- Use these mean profiles at the inflow (provided that Dirichlet
1224	!-- conditions are used)
1225	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
1226	DO j = nysg, nyng
1227	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1228	u(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,1)
1229	v(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,2)
1230	w(k,j,nxlg:-1) = 0.0_wp
1231	pt(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,4)
1232	IF ( humidity ) &
1233	q(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,6)
1234	IF ( passive_scalar ) &
1235	s(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,7)
1236	ENDDO
1237	ENDDO
1238	ENDIF
1239
1240	!
1241	!-- Calculate the damping factors to be used at the inflow. For a
1242	!-- turbulent inflow the turbulent fluctuations have to be limited
1243	!-- vertically because otherwise the turbulent inflow layer will grow
1244	!-- in time.
1245	IF ( inflow_damping_height == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1246	!
1247	!-- Default: use the inversion height calculated by the prerun; if
1248	!-- this is zero, inflow_damping_height must be explicitly
1249	!-- specified.
1250	IF ( hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1251	inflow_damping_height = hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0)
1252	ELSE
1253	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inflow_damping_height must be ', &
1254	'explicitly specified because&the inversion height ', &
1255	'calculated by the prerun is zero.'
1256	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0318', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1257	ENDIF
1258
1259	ENDIF
1260
1261	IF ( inflow_damping_width == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1262	!
1263	!-- Default for the transition range: one tenth of the undamped
1264	!-- layer
1265	inflow_damping_width = 0.1_wp * inflow_damping_height
1266
1267	ENDIF
1268
1269	ALLOCATE( inflow_damping_factor(nzb:nzt+1) )
1270
1271	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1272
1273	IF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height ) THEN
1274	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0_wp
1275	ELSEIF ( zu(k) <= ( inflow_damping_height + inflow_damping_width ) ) THEN
1276	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0_wp - &
1277	( zu(k) - inflow_damping_height ) / &
1278	inflow_damping_width
1279	ELSE
1280	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 0.0_wp
1281	ENDIF
1282
1283	ENDDO
1284
1285	ENDIF
1286
1287	!
1288	!-- Inside buildings set velocities back to zero
1289	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1290	topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
1291	!
1292	!-- Inside buildings set velocities back to zero.
1293	!-- Other scalars (pt, q, s, p, sa, ...) are ignored at present,
1294	!-- maybe revise later.
1295	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1296	DO j = nysg, nyng
1297	DO k = nzb, nzt
1298	u(k,j,i) = MERGE( u(k,j,i), 0.0_wp, &
1299	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 1 ) )
1300	v(k,j,i) = MERGE( v(k,j,i), 0.0_wp, &
1301	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 2 ) )
1302	w(k,j,i) = MERGE( w(k,j,i), 0.0_wp, &
1303	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 3 ) )
1304	ENDDO
1305	ENDDO
1306	ENDDO
1307
1308	ENDIF
1309
1310	!
1311	!-- Calculate initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1312	!-- of a sloping surface
1313	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1314
1315	!
1316	!-- Initialize new time levels (only done in order to set boundary values
1317	!-- including ghost points)
1318	pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1319	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1320	q_p = q
1321	ENDIF
1322	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p = s
1323	!
1324	!-- Allthough tendency arrays are set in prognostic_equations, they have
1325	!-- have to be predefined here because they are used (but multiplied with 0)
1326	!-- there before they are set.
1327	tpt_m = 0.0_wp; tu_m = 0.0_wp; tv_m = 0.0_wp; tw_m = 0.0_wp
1328	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1329	tq_m = 0.0_wp
1330	ENDIF
1331	IF ( passive_scalar ) ts_m = 0.0_wp
1332
1333	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'initializing in case of restart / cyclic_fill', 'end' )
1334
1335	ELSE
1336	!
1337	!-- Actually this part of the programm should not be reached
1338	message_string = 'unknown initializing problem'
1339	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0193', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1340	ENDIF
1341
1342
1343	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1344	!
1345	!-- Initialize old timelevels needed for radiation boundary conditions
1346	IF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
1347	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1348	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1349	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1350	ENDIF
1351	IF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
1352	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1353	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1354	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1355	ENDIF
1356	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
1357	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
1358	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
1359	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
1360	ENDIF
1361	IF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
1362	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1363	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1364	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1365	ENDIF
1366
1367	ENDIF
1368
1369	!
1370	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
1371	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
1372
1373	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1374
1375	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1376	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1377
1378	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1379	DO j = nys, nyn
1380	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1381	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1382	u_init(k) * dzw(k) &
1383	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1384	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr), 1 )&
1385	)
1386
1387	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k) &
1388	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1389	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nxr), 1 )&
1390	)
1391	ENDDO
1392	ENDDO
1393	ENDIF
1394
1395	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1396	DO i = nxl, nxr
1397	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1398	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1399	v_init(k) * dzw(k) &
1400	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1401	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn,i), 2 )&
1402	)
1403	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k) &
1404	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1405	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,nyn,i), 2 )&
1406	)
1407	ENDDO
1408	ENDDO
1409	ENDIF
1410
1411	#if defined( __parallel )
1412	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1413	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1414	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1415	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1416
1417	#else
1418	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1419	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1420	#endif
1421
1422	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1423
1424	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1425	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1426
1427	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1428	DO j = nys, nyn
1429	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1430	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1431	hom_sum(k,1,0) * dzw(k) &
1432	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1433	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nx), 1 ) &
1434	)
1435	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k) &
1436	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1437	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nx), 1 ) &
1438	)
1439	ENDDO
1440	ENDDO
1441	ENDIF
1442
1443	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1444	DO i = nxl, nxr
1445	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1446	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1447	hom_sum(k,2,0) * dzw(k) &
1448	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1449	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,ny,i), 2 ) &
1450	)
1451	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k) &
1452	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1453	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,ny,i), 2 ) &
1454	)
1455	ENDDO
1456	ENDDO
1457	ENDIF
1458
1459	#if defined( __parallel )
1460	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1461	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1462	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1463	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1464
1465	#else
1466	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1467	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1468	#endif
1469
1470	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1471
1472	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1473	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1474
1475	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1476	DO j = nys, nyn
1477	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1478	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1479	u(k,j,nx) * dzw(k) &
1480	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1481	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nx), 1 ) &
1482	)
1483	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k) &
1484	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1485	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,nx), 1 ) &
1486	)
1487	ENDDO
1488	ENDDO
1489	ENDIF
1490
1491	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1492	DO i = nxl, nxr
1493	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1494	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1495	v(k,ny,i) * dzw(k) &
1496	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1497	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,ny,i), 2 ) &
1498	)
1499	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k) &
1500	* MERGE( 1.0_wp, 0.0_wp, &
1501	BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,ny,i), 2 ) &
1502	)
1503	ENDDO
1504	ENDDO
1505	ENDIF
1506
1507	#if defined( __parallel )
1508	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1509	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1510	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1511	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1512
1513	#else
1514	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1515	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1516	#endif
1517
1518	ENDIF
1519
1520	!
1521	!-- In case of 'bulk_velocity' mode, volume_flow_initial is calculated
1522	!-- from u\|v_bulk instead
1523	IF ( TRIM( conserve_volume_flow_mode ) == 'bulk_velocity' ) THEN
1524	volume_flow_initial(1) = u_bulk * volume_flow_area(1)
1525	volume_flow_initial(2) = v_bulk * volume_flow_area(2)
1526	ENDIF
1527
1528	ENDIF
1529	!
1530	!-- In the following, surface properties can be further initialized with
1531	!-- input from static driver file.
1532	!-- At the moment this affects only default surfaces. For example,
1533	!-- roughness length or sensible / latent heat fluxes can be initialized
1534	!-- heterogeneously for default surfaces. Therefore, a generic routine
1535	!-- from netcdf_data_input_mod is called to read a 2D array.
1536	IF ( input_pids_static ) THEN
1537	!
1538	!-- Allocate memory for possible static input
1539	ALLOCATE( tmp_2d%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) )
1540	tmp_2d%var = 0.0_wp
1541	!
1542	!-- Open the static input file
1543	#if defined( __netcdf )
1544	CALL open_read_file( TRIM( input_file_static ) // &
1545	TRIM( coupling_char ), &
1546	pids_id )
1547
1548	CALL inquire_num_variables( pids_id, num_var_pids )
1549	!
1550	!-- Allocate memory to store variable names and read them
1551	ALLOCATE( vars_pids(1:num_var_pids) )
1552	CALL inquire_variable_names( pids_id, vars_pids )
1553	!
1554	!-- Input roughness length.
1555	IF ( check_existence( vars_pids, 'z0' ) ) THEN
1556	!
1557	!-- Read _FillValue attribute
1558	CALL get_attribute( pids_id, char_fill, tmp_2d%fill, &
1559	.FALSE., 'z0' )
1560	!
1561	!-- Read variable
1562	CALL get_variable( pids_id, 'z0', tmp_2d%var, &
1563	nxl, nxr, nys, nyn )
1564	!
1565	!-- Initialize roughness length. Note, z0 will be only initialized at
1566	!-- default-type surfaces. At natural or urban z0 is implicitly
1567	!-- initialized bythe respective parameter lists.
1568	!-- Initialize horizontal surface elements.
1569	CALL init_single_surface_properties( surf_def_h(0)%z0, &
1570	tmp_2d%var, &
1571	surf_def_h(0)%ns, &
1572	tmp_2d%fill, &
1573	surf_def_h(0)%i, &
1574	surf_def_h(0)%j )
1575	!
1576	!-- Initialize roughness also at vertical surface elements.
1577	!-- Note, the actual 2D input arrays are only defined on the
1578	!-- subdomain. Therefore, pass the index arrays with their respective
1579	!-- offset values.
1580	DO l = 0, 3
1581	CALL init_single_surface_properties( &
1582	surf_def_v(l)%z0, &
1583	tmp_2d%var, &
1584	surf_def_v(l)%ns, &
1585	tmp_2d%fill, &
1586	surf_def_v(l)%i + surf_def_v(l)%ioff, &
1587	surf_def_v(l)%j + surf_def_v(l)%joff )
1588	ENDDO
1589
1590	ENDIF
1591	!
1592	!-- Additional variables, e.g. shf, qsws, etc, can be initialized the
1593	!-- same way.
1594
1595	!
1596	!-- Finally, close the input file.
1597	CALL close_input_file( pids_id )
1598	#endif
1599	DEALLOCATE( tmp_2d%var )
1600	ENDIF
1601	!
1602	!-- Finally, if random_heatflux is set, disturb shf at horizontal
1603	!-- surfaces. Actually, this should be done in surface_mod, where all other
1604	!-- initializations of surface quantities are done. However, this
1605	!-- would create a ring dependency, hence, it is done here. Maybe delete
1606	!-- disturb_heatflux and tranfer the respective code directly into the
1607	!-- initialization in surface_mod.
1608	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
1609	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1610
1611	IF ( use_surface_fluxes .AND. constant_heatflux .AND. &
1612	random_heatflux ) THEN
1613	IF ( surf_def_h(0)%ns >= 1 ) CALL disturb_heatflux( surf_def_h(0) )
1614	IF ( surf_lsm_h%ns >= 1 ) CALL disturb_heatflux( surf_lsm_h )
1615	IF ( surf_usm_h%ns >= 1 ) CALL disturb_heatflux( surf_usm_h )
1616	ENDIF
1617	ENDIF
1618
1619	!
1620	!-- Compute total sum of grid points and the mean surface level height for each
1621	!-- statistic region. These are mainly used for horizontal averaging of
1622	!-- turbulence statistics.
1623	!-- ngp_2dh: number of grid points of a horizontal cross section through the
1624	!-- respective statistic region
1625	!-- ngp_3d: number of grid points of the respective statistic region
1626	ngp_2dh_outer_l = 0
1627	ngp_2dh_outer = 0
1628	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l = 0
1629	ngp_2dh_s_inner = 0
1630	ngp_2dh_l = 0
1631	ngp_2dh = 0
1632	ngp_3d_inner_l = 0.0_wp
1633	ngp_3d_inner = 0
1634	ngp_3d = 0
1635	ngp_sums = ( nz + 2 ) * ( pr_palm + max_pr_user )
1636
1637	mean_surface_level_height = 0.0_wp
1638	mean_surface_level_height_l = 0.0_wp
1639	!
1640	!-- To do: New concept for these non-topography grid points!
1641	DO sr = 0, statistic_regions
1642	DO i = nxl, nxr
1643	DO j = nys, nyn
1644	IF ( rmask(j,i,sr) == 1.0_wp ) THEN
1645	!
1646	!-- All xy-grid points
1647	ngp_2dh_l(sr) = ngp_2dh_l(sr) + 1
1648	!
1649	!-- Determine mean surface-level height. In case of downward-
1650	!-- facing walls are present, more than one surface level exist.
1651	!-- In this case, use the lowest surface-level height.
1652	IF ( surf_def_h(0)%start_index(j,i) <= &
1653	surf_def_h(0)%end_index(j,i) ) THEN
1654	m = surf_def_h(0)%start_index(j,i)
1655	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
1656	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) = &
1657	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) + zw(k-1)
1658	ENDIF
1659	IF ( surf_lsm_h%start_index(j,i) <= &
1660	surf_lsm_h%end_index(j,i) ) THEN
1661	m = surf_lsm_h%start_index(j,i)
1662	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
1663	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) = &
1664	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) + zw(k-1)
1665	ENDIF
1666	IF ( surf_usm_h%start_index(j,i) <= &
1667	surf_usm_h%end_index(j,i) ) THEN
1668	m = surf_usm_h%start_index(j,i)
1669	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
1670	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) = &
1671	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) + zw(k-1)
1672	ENDIF
1673
1674	k_surf = k - 1
1675
1676	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1677	!
1678	!-- xy-grid points above topography
1679	ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) + &
1680	MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 24 ) )
1681
1682	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) + &
1683	MERGE( 1, 0, BTEST( wall_flags_0(k,j,i), 22 ) )
1684
1685	ENDDO
1686	!
1687	!-- All grid points of the total domain above topography
1688	ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) = ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) + ( nz - k_surf + 2 )
1689
1690
1691
1692	ENDIF
1693	ENDDO
1694	ENDDO
1695	ENDDO
1696
1697	sr = statistic_regions + 1
1698	#if defined( __parallel )
1699	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1700	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_l(0), ngp_2dh(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, &
1701	comm2d, ierr )
1702	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1703	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_outer_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_outer(0,0), (nz+2)*sr, &
1704	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1705	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1706	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_s_inner(0,0), &
1707	(nz+2)*sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1708	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1709	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_3d_inner_l(0), ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
1710	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1711	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_tmp, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1712	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1713	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mean_surface_level_height_l(0), &
1714	mean_surface_level_height(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
1715	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1716	mean_surface_level_height = mean_surface_level_height / REAL( ngp_2dh )
1717	#else
1718	ngp_2dh = ngp_2dh_l
1719	ngp_2dh_outer = ngp_2dh_outer_l
1720	ngp_2dh_s_inner = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
1721	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_l, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1722	mean_surface_level_height = mean_surface_level_height_l / REAL( ngp_2dh_l )
1723	#endif
1724
1725	ngp_3d = INT ( ngp_2dh, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) ) * &
1726	INT ( (nz + 2 ), KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
1727
1728	!
1729	!-- Set a lower limit of 1 in order to avoid zero divisions in flow_statistics,
1730	!-- buoyancy, etc. A zero value will occur for cases where all grid points of
1731	!-- the respective subdomain lie below the surface topography
1732	ngp_2dh_outer = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_outer(:,:) )
1733	ngp_3d_inner = MAX( INT(1, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 )), &
1734	ngp_3d_inner(:) )
1735	ngp_2dh_s_inner = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_s_inner(:,:) )
1736
1737	DEALLOCATE( mean_surface_level_height_l, ngp_2dh_l, ngp_2dh_outer_l, &
1738	ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp )
1739	!
1740	!-- Initialize surface forcing corresponding to large-scale forcing. Therein,
1741	!-- initialize heat-fluxes, etc. via datatype. Revise it later!
1742	IF ( large_scale_forcing .AND. lsf_surf ) THEN
1743	IF ( use_surface_fluxes .AND. constant_heatflux ) THEN
1744	CALL ls_forcing_surf ( simulated_time )
1745	ENDIF
1746	ENDIF
1747	!
1748	!-- Initializae 3D offline nesting in COSMO model and read data from
1749	!-- external NetCDF file.
1750	IF ( nesting_offline ) CALL nesting_offl_init
1751	!
1752	!-- Initialize quantities for special advections schemes
1753	CALL init_advec
1754
1755	!
1756	!-- Impose random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field and then
1757	!-- remove the divergences from the velocity field at the initial stage
1758	IF ( create_disturbances .AND. disturbance_energy_limit /= 0.0_wp .AND. &
1759	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
1760	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1761
1762	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'creating disturbances + applying pressure solver', 'start' )
1763	!
1764	!-- Needed for both disturb_field and pres
1765	!$ACC DATA &
1766	!$ACC CREATE(tend(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)) &
1767	!$ACC COPY(u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)) &
1768	!$ACC COPY(v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg))
1769
1770	CALL disturb_field( 'u', tend, u )
1771	CALL disturb_field( 'v', tend, v )
1772
1773	!$ACC DATA &
1774	!$ACC CREATE(d(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr)) &
1775	!$ACC COPY(w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)) &
1776	!$ACC COPY(p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)) &
1777	!$ACC COPYIN(rho_air(nzb:nzt+1), rho_air_zw(nzb:nzt+1)) &
1778	!$ACC COPYIN(ddzu(1:nzt+1), ddzw(1:nzt+1)) &
1779	!$ACC COPYIN(wall_flags_0(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg)) &
1780	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(0:1)) &
1781	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(0)%i(1:bc_h(0)%ns)) &
1782	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(0)%j(1:bc_h(0)%ns)) &
1783	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(0)%k(1:bc_h(0)%ns)) &
1784	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(1)%i(1:bc_h(1)%ns)) &
1785	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(1)%j(1:bc_h(1)%ns)) &
1786	!$ACC COPYIN(bc_h(1)%k(1:bc_h(1)%ns))
1787
1788	n_sor = nsor_ini
1789	CALL pres
1790	n_sor = nsor
1791
1792	!$ACC END DATA
1793	!$ACC END DATA
1794
1795	IF ( debug_output ) CALL debug_message( 'creating disturbances + applying pressure solver', 'end' )
1796
1797	ENDIF
1798
1799	IF ( .NOT. ocean_mode ) THEN
1800
1801	ALLOCATE( hyp(nzb:nzt+1) )
1802	ALLOCATE( d_exner(nzb:nzt+1) )
1803	ALLOCATE( exner(nzb:nzt+1) )
1804	ALLOCATE( hyrho(nzb:nzt+1) )
1805	!
1806	!-- Check temperature in case of too large domain height
1807	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1808	IF ( ( pt_surface * exner_function(surface_pressure * 100.0_wp) - g/c_p * zu(k) ) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1809	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'absolute temperature < 0.0 at zu(', k, &
1810	') = ', zu(k)
1811	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0142', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1812	ENDIF
1813	ENDDO
1814
1815	!
1816	!-- Calculate vertical profile of the hydrostatic pressure (hyp)
1817	hyp = barometric_formula(zu, pt_surface * exner_function(surface_pressure * 100.0_wp), surface_pressure * 100.0_wp)
1818	d_exner = exner_function_invers(hyp)
1819	exner = 1.0_wp / exner_function_invers(hyp)
1820	hyrho = ideal_gas_law_rho_pt(hyp, pt_init)
1821	!
1822	!-- Compute reference density
1823	rho_surface = ideal_gas_law_rho(surface_pressure * 100.0_wp, pt_surface * exner_function(surface_pressure * 100.0_wp))
1824
1825	ENDIF
1826
1827	!
1828	!-- If required, initialize particles
1829	IF ( agents_active ) CALL mas_init
1830	!
1831	!-- Initialization of synthetic turbulence generator
1832	IF ( use_syn_turb_gen ) CALL stg_init
1833	!
1834	!-- Initializing actions for all other modules
1835	CALL module_interface_init
1836	!
1837	!-- Initialize surface layer (done after LSM as roughness length are required
1838	!-- for initialization
1839	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) CALL init_surface_layer_fluxes
1840	!
1841	!-- Initialize surface data output
1842	IF ( surface_output ) CALL surface_data_output_init
1843	!
1844	!-- Initialize the ws-scheme.
1845	IF ( ws_scheme_sca .OR. ws_scheme_mom ) CALL ws_init
1846	!
1847	!-- Perform post-initializing checks for all other modules
1848	CALL module_interface_init_checks
1849
1850	!
1851	!-- Setting weighting factors for calculation of perturbation pressure
1852	!-- and turbulent quantities from the RK substeps
1853	IF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-3' ) THEN ! for RK3-method
1854
1855	weight_substep(1) = 1._wp/6._wp
1856	weight_substep(2) = 3._wp/10._wp
1857	weight_substep(3) = 8._wp/15._wp
1858
1859	weight_pres(1) = 1._wp/3._wp
1860	weight_pres(2) = 5._wp/12._wp
1861	weight_pres(3) = 1._wp/4._wp
1862
1863	ELSEIF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-2' ) THEN ! for RK2-method
1864
1865	weight_substep(1) = 1._wp/2._wp
1866	weight_substep(2) = 1._wp/2._wp
1867
1868	weight_pres(1) = 1._wp/2._wp
1869	weight_pres(2) = 1._wp/2._wp
1870
1871	ELSE ! for Euler-method
1872
1873	weight_substep(1) = 1.0_wp
1874	weight_pres(1) = 1.0_wp
1875
1876	ENDIF
1877
1878	!
1879	!-- Initialize Rayleigh damping factors
1880	rdf = 0.0_wp
1881	rdf_sc = 0.0_wp
1882	IF ( rayleigh_damping_factor /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1883
1884	IF ( .NOT. ocean_mode ) THEN
1885	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1886	IF ( zu(k) >= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1887	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1888	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( zu(k) - rayleigh_damping_height ) &
1889	/ ( zu(nzt) - rayleigh_damping_height ) ) &
1890	)**2
1891	ENDIF
1892	ENDDO
1893	ELSE
1894	!
1895	!-- In ocean mode, rayleigh damping is applied in the lower part of the
1896	!-- model domain
1897	DO k = nzt, nzb+1, -1
1898	IF ( zu(k) <= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1899	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1900	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(k) ) &
1901	/ ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(nzb+1) ) ) &
1902	)**2
1903	ENDIF
1904	ENDDO
1905	ENDIF
1906
1907	ENDIF
1908	IF ( scalar_rayleigh_damping ) rdf_sc = rdf
1909
1910	!
1911	!-- Initialize the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
1912	!-- the external pressure gradient
1913	dp_smooth_factor = 1.0_wp
1914	IF ( dp_external ) THEN
1915	!
1916	!-- Set the starting level dp_level_ind_b only if it has not been set before
1917	!-- (e.g. in init_grid).
1918	IF ( dp_level_ind_b == 0 ) THEN
1919	ind_array = MINLOC( ABS( dp_level_b - zu ) )
1920	dp_level_ind_b = ind_array(1) - 1 + nzb
1921	! MINLOC uses lower array bound 1
1922	ENDIF
1923	IF ( dp_smooth ) THEN
1924	dp_smooth_factor(:dp_level_ind_b) = 0.0_wp
1925	DO k = dp_level_ind_b+1, nzt
1926	dp_smooth_factor(k) = 0.5_wp * ( 1.0_wp + SIN( pi * &
1927	( REAL( k - dp_level_ind_b, KIND=wp ) / &
1928	REAL( nzt - dp_level_ind_b, KIND=wp ) - 0.5_wp ) ) )
1929	ENDDO
1930	ENDIF
1931	ENDIF
1932
1933	!
1934	!-- Initialize damping zone for the potential temperature in case of
1935	!-- non-cyclic lateral boundaries. The damping zone has the maximum value
1936	!-- at the inflow boundary and decreases to zero at pt_damping_width.
1937	ptdf_x = 0.0_wp
1938	ptdf_y = 0.0_wp
1939	IF ( bc_lr_dirrad ) THEN
1940	DO i = nxl, nxr
1941	IF ( ( i * dx ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
1942	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * ( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1943	REAL( pt_damping_width - i * dx, KIND=wp ) / ( &
1944	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) ) ) )**2
1945	ENDIF
1946	ENDDO
1947	ELSEIF ( bc_lr_raddir ) THEN
1948	DO i = nxl, nxr
1949	IF ( ( i * dx ) > ( nx * dx - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
1950	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * &
1951	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1952	( ( i - nx ) * dx + pt_damping_width ) / &
1953	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
1954	ENDIF
1955	ENDDO
1956	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_dirrad ) THEN
1957	DO j = nys, nyn
1958	IF ( ( j * dy ) > ( ny * dy - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
1959	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
1960	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1961	( ( j - ny ) * dy + pt_damping_width ) / &
1962	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
1963	ENDIF
1964	ENDDO
1965	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_raddir ) THEN
1966	DO j = nys, nyn
1967	IF ( ( j * dy ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
1968	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
1969	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1970	( pt_damping_width - j * dy ) / &
1971	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
1972	ENDIF
1973	ENDDO
1974	ENDIF
1975
1976	!
1977	!-- Input binary data file is not needed anymore. This line must be placed
1978	!-- after call of user_init!
1979	CALL close_file( 13 )
1980	!
1981	!-- In case of nesting, put an barrier to assure that all parent and child
1982	!-- domains finished initialization.
1983	#if defined( __parallel )
1984	IF ( nested_run ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr )
1985	#endif
1986
1987
1988	CALL location_message( 'model initialization', 'finished' )
1989
1990	END SUBROUTINE init_3d_model

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