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1	!> @file init_3d_model.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2017 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! ------------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: init_3d_model.f90 2119 2017-01-17 16:51:50Z knoop $
27	!
28	! 2118 2017-01-17 16:38:49Z raasch
29	! OpenACC directives removed
30	!
31	! 2037 2016-10-26 11:15:40Z knoop
32	! Anelastic approximation implemented
33	!
34	! 2031 2016-10-21 15:11:58Z knoop
35	! renamed variable rho to rho_ocean
36	!
37	! 2011 2016-09-19 17:29:57Z kanani
38	! Flag urban_surface is now defined in module control_parameters.
39	!
40	! 2007 2016-08-24 15:47:17Z kanani
41	! Added support for urban surface model,
42	! adjusted location_message in case of plant_canopy
43	!
44	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
45	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
46	!
47	! 1992 2016-08-12 15:14:59Z suehring
48	! Initializaton of scalarflux at model top
49	! Bugfixes in initialization of surface and top salinity flux, top scalar and
50	! humidity fluxes
51	!
52	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
53	! Separate humidity and passive scalar
54	! Increase dimension for mean_inflow_profiles
55	! Remove inadvertent write-statement
56	! Bugfix, large-scale forcing is still not implemented for passive scalars
57	!
58	! 1957 2016-07-07 10:43:48Z suehring
59	! flight module added
60	!
61	! 1920 2016-05-30 10:50:15Z suehring
62	! Initialize us with very small number to avoid segmentation fault during
63	! calculation of Obukhov length
64	!
65	! 1918 2016-05-27 14:35:57Z raasch
66	! intermediate_timestep_count is set 0 instead 1 for first call of pres,
67	! bugfix: initialization of local sum arrays are moved to the beginning of the
68	! routine because otherwise results from pres are overwritten
69	!
70	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
71	! Added initialization of the wind turbine model
72	!
73	! 1878 2016-04-19 12:30:36Z hellstea
74	! The zeroth element of weight_pres removed as unnecessary
75	!
76	! 1849 2016-04-08 11:33:18Z hoffmann
77	! Adapted for modularization of microphysics.
78	! precipitation_amount, precipitation_rate, prr moved to arrays_3d.
79	! Initialization of nc_1d, nr_1d, pt_1d, qc_1d, qr_1d, q_1d moved to
80	! microphysics_init.
81	!
82	! 1845 2016-04-08 08:29:13Z raasch
83	! nzb_2d replaced by nzb_u\|v_inner
84	!
85	! 1833 2016-04-07 14:23:03Z raasch
86	! initialization of spectra quantities moved to spectra_mod
87	!
88	! 1831 2016-04-07 13:15:51Z hoffmann
89	! turbulence renamed collision_turbulence
90	!
91	! 1826 2016-04-07 12:01:39Z maronga
92	! Renamed radiation calls.
93	! Renamed canopy model calls.
94	!
95	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
96	! icloud_scheme replaced by microphysics_*
97	!
98	! 1817 2016-04-06 15:44:20Z maronga
99	! Renamed lsm calls.
100	!
101	! 1815 2016-04-06 13:49:59Z raasch
102	! zero-settings for velocities inside topography re-activated (was deactivated
103	! in r1762)
104	!
105	! 1788 2016-03-10 11:01:04Z maronga
106	! Added z0q.
107	! Syntax layout improved.
108	!
109	! 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch
110	! netcdf module name changed + related changes
111	!
112	! 1764 2016-02-28 12:45:19Z raasch
113	! bugfix: increase size of volume_flow_area_l and volume_flow_initial_l by 1
114	!
115	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
116	! Introduction of nested domain feature
117	!
118	! 1738 2015-12-18 13:56:05Z raasch
119	! calculate mean surface level height for each statistic region
120	!
121	! 1734 2015-12-02 12:17:12Z raasch
122	! no initial disturbances in case that the disturbance energy limit has been
123	! set zero
124	!
125	! 1707 2015-11-02 15:24:52Z maronga
126	! Bugfix: transfer of Richardson number from 1D model to Obukhov length caused
127	! devision by zero in neutral stratification
128	!
129	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
130	! Call to init_surface_layer added. rif is replaced by ol and zeta.
131	!
132	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
133	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
134	!
135	! 1615 2015-07-08 18:49:19Z suehring
136	! Enable turbulent inflow for passive_scalar and humidity
137	!
138	! 1585 2015-04-30 07:05:52Z maronga
139	! Initialization of radiation code is now done after LSM initializtion
140	!
141	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
142	! adjustments for psolver-queries
143	!
144	! 1551 2015-03-03 14:18:16Z maronga
145	! Allocation of land surface arrays is now done in the subroutine lsm_init_arrays,
146	! which is part of land_surface_model.
147	!
148	! 1507 2014-12-10 12:14:18Z suehring
149	! Bugfix: set horizontal velocity components to zero inside topography
150	!
151	! 1496 2014-12-02 17:25:50Z maronga
152	! Added initialization of the land surface and radiation schemes
153	!
154	! 1484 2014-10-21 10:53:05Z kanani
155	! Changes due to new module structure of the plant canopy model:
156	! canopy-related initialization (e.g. lad and canopy_heat_flux) moved to new
157	! subroutine init_plant_canopy within the module plant_canopy_model_mod,
158	! call of subroutine init_plant_canopy added.
159	!
160	! 1431 2014-07-15 14:47:17Z suehring
161	! var_d added, in order to normalize spectra.
162	!
163	! 1429 2014-07-15 12:53:45Z knoop
164	! Ensemble run capability added to parallel random number generator
165	!
166	! 1411 2014-05-16 18:01:51Z suehring
167	! Initial horizontal velocity profiles were not set to zero at the first vertical
168	! grid level in case of non-cyclic lateral boundary conditions.
169	!
170	! 1406 2014-05-16 13:47:01Z raasch
171	! bugfix: setting of initial velocities at k=1 to zero not in case of a
172	! no-slip boundary condition for uv
173	!
174	! 1402 2014-05-09 14:25:13Z raasch
175	! location messages modified
176	!
177	! 1400 2014-05-09 14:03:54Z knoop
178	! Parallel random number generator added
179	!
180	! 1384 2014-05-02 14:31:06Z raasch
181	! location messages added
182	!
183	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
184	! tend_* removed
185	! Bugfix: w_subs is not allocated anymore if it is already allocated
186	!
187	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
188	! module lpm_init_mod added to use statements, because lpm_init has become a
189	! module
190	!
191	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
192	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
193	!
194	! 1340 2014-03-25 19:45:13Z kanani
195	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
196	!
197	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
198	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
199	! module interfaces removed
200	!
201	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
202	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
203	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
204	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
205	! revision history before 2012 removed,
206	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
207	! all variable declaration statements
208	!
209	! 1316 2014-03-17 07:44:59Z heinze
210	! Bugfix: allocation of w_subs
211	!
212	! 1299 2014-03-06 13:15:21Z heinze
213	! Allocate w_subs due to extension of large scale subsidence in combination
214	! with large scale forcing data (LSF_DATA)
215	!
216	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
217	! Overwrite initial profiles in case of nudging
218	! Inititialize shf and qsws in case of large_scale_forcing
219	!
220	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
221	! +rflags_s_inner in copyin statement, use copyin for most arrays instead of
222	! copy
223	!
224	! 1212 2013-08-15 08:46:27Z raasch
225	! array tri is allocated and included in data copy statement
226	!
227	! 1195 2013-07-01 12:27:57Z heinze
228	! Bugfix: move allocation of ref_state to parin.f90 and read_var_list.f90
229	!
230	! 1179 2013-06-14 05:57:58Z raasch
231	! allocate and set ref_state to be used in buoyancy terms
232	!
233	! 1171 2013-05-30 11:27:45Z raasch
234	! diss array is allocated with full size if accelerator boards are used
235	!
236	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
237	! -bc_lr_dirneu, bc_lr_neudir, bc_ns_dirneu, bc_ns_neudir
238	!
239	! 1153 2013-05-10 14:33:08Z raasch
240	! diss array is allocated with dummy elements even if it is not needed
241	! (required by PGI 13.4 / CUDA 5.0)
242	!
243	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
244	! unused variables removed
245	!
246	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
247	! openACC directive modified
248	!
249	! 1111 2013-03-08 23:54:10Z raasch
250	! openACC directives added for pres
251	! array diss allocated only if required
252	!
253	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
254	! unused variables removed
255	!
256	! 1065 2012-11-22 17:42:36Z hoffmann
257	! allocation of diss (dissipation rate) in case of turbulence = .TRUE. added
258	!
259	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
260	! allocation and initialisation of necessary data arrays for the two-moment
261	! cloud physics scheme the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr):
262	! +dr, lambda_r, mu_r, sed_, xr, s, sws, swst, , _p, t_m, _1, _2, _3,
263	! +tend_*, prr
264	!
265	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
266	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
267	!
268	! 1032 2012-10-21 13:03:21Z letzel
269	! save memory by not allocating pt_2 in case of neutral = .T.
270	!
271	! 1025 2012-10-07 16:04:41Z letzel
272	! bugfix: swap indices of mask for ghost boundaries
273	!
274	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
275	! mask is set to zero for ghost boundaries
276	!
277	! 1010 2012-09-20 07:59:54Z raasch
278	! cpp switch __nopointer added for pointer free version
279	!
280	! 1003 2012-09-14 14:35:53Z raasch
281	! nxra,nyna, nzta replaced ny nxr, nyn, nzt
282	!
283	! 1001 2012-09-13 14:08:46Z raasch
284	! all actions concerning leapfrog scheme removed
285	!
286	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
287	! little reformatting
288	!
289	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
290	! outflow damping layer removed
291	! roughness length for scalar quantites z0h added
292	! damping zone for the potential temperatur in case of non-cyclic lateral
293	! boundaries added
294	! initialization of ptdf_x, ptdf_y
295	! initialization of c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w_m, c_w_m_l
296	!
297	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
298	! init_particles renamed lpm_init
299	!
300	! 825 2012-02-19 03:03:44Z raasch
301	! wang_collision_kernel renamed wang_kernel
302	!
303	! Revision 1.1 1998/03/09 16:22:22 raasch
304	! Initial revision
305	!
306	!
307	! Description:
308	! ------------
309	!> Allocation of arrays and initialization of the 3D model via
310	!> a) pre-run the 1D model
311	!> or
312	!> b) pre-set constant linear profiles
313	!> or
314	!> c) read values of a previous run
315	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
316	SUBROUTINE init_3d_model
317
318
319	USE advec_ws
320
321	USE arrays_3d
322
323	USE cloud_parameters, &
324	ONLY: cp, l_v, r_d
325
326	USE constants, &
327	ONLY: pi
328
329	USE control_parameters
330
331	USE flight_mod, &
332	ONLY: flight_init
333
334	USE grid_variables, &
335	ONLY: dx, dy, ddx2_mg, ddy2_mg
336
337	USE indices
338
339	USE lpm_init_mod, &
340	ONLY: lpm_init
341
342	USE kinds
343
344	USE land_surface_model_mod, &
345	ONLY: lsm_init, lsm_init_arrays, land_surface
346
347	USE ls_forcing_mod
348
349	USE microphysics_mod, &
350	ONLY: collision_turbulence, microphysics_init
351
352	USE model_1d, &
353	ONLY: e1d, kh1d, km1d, l1d, rif1d, u1d, us1d, usws1d, v1d, vsws1d
354
355	USE netcdf_interface, &
356	ONLY: dots_max, dots_num
357
358	USE particle_attributes, &
359	ONLY: particle_advection, use_sgs_for_particles, wang_kernel
360
361	USE pegrid
362
363	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
364	ONLY: pcm_init, plant_canopy
365
366	USE radiation_model_mod, &
367	ONLY: radiation_init, radiation
368
369	USE random_function_mod
370
371	USE random_generator_parallel, &
372	ONLY: random_number_parallel, random_seed_parallel, random_dummy, &
373	id_random_array, seq_random_array
374
375	USE statistics, &
376	ONLY: hom, hom_sum, mean_surface_level_height, pr_palm, rmask, &
377	statistic_regions, sums, sums_divnew_l, sums_divold_l, sums_l, &
378	sums_l_l, sums_up_fraction_l, sums_wsts_bc_l, ts_value, &
379	weight_pres, weight_substep
380
381	USE surface_layer_fluxes_mod, &
382	ONLY: init_surface_layer_fluxes
383
384	USE transpose_indices
385
386	USE urban_surface_mod, &
387	ONLY: usm_init_urban_surface
388
389	USE wind_turbine_model_mod, &
390	ONLY: wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, wind_turbine
391
392	IMPLICIT NONE
393
394	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
395	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_array(1) !<
396	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
397	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
398	INTEGER(iwp) :: sr !<
399
400	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_l !<
401
402	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_outer_l !<
403	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_s_inner_l !<
404
405	REAL(wp) :: t_surface !< air temperature at the surface
406
407	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: p_hydrostatic !< hydrostatic pressure
408
409	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< loop variable
410	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_l !< index of top PE boundary for multigrid level
411	REAL(wp) :: dx_l !< grid spacing along x on different multigrid level
412	REAL(wp) :: dy_l !< grid spacing along y on different multigrid level
413
414	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_area_l !<
415	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_initial_l !<
416
417	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: mean_surface_level_height_l !<
418	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_l !<
419	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_tmp !<
420
421
422	CALL location_message( 'allocating arrays', .FALSE. )
423	!
424	!-- Allocate arrays
425	ALLOCATE( mean_surface_level_height(0:statistic_regions), &
426	mean_surface_level_height_l(0:statistic_regions), &
427	ngp_2dh(0:statistic_regions), ngp_2dh_l(0:statistic_regions), &
428	ngp_3d(0:statistic_regions), &
429	ngp_3d_inner(0:statistic_regions), &
430	ngp_3d_inner_l(0:statistic_regions), &
431	ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0:statistic_regions), &
432	sums_divnew_l(0:statistic_regions), &
433	sums_divold_l(0:statistic_regions) )
434	ALLOCATE( dp_smooth_factor(nzb:nzt), rdf(nzb+1:nzt), rdf_sc(nzb+1:nzt) )
435	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_outer(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
436	ngp_2dh_outer_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
437	ngp_2dh_s_inner(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
438	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
439	rmask(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,0:statistic_regions), &
440	sums(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user), &
441	sums_l(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user,0:threads_per_task-1), &
442	sums_l_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions,0:threads_per_task-1), &
443	sums_up_fraction_l(10,3,0:statistic_regions), &
444	sums_wsts_bc_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
445	ts_value(dots_max,0:statistic_regions) )
446	ALLOCATE( ptdf_x(nxlg:nxrg), ptdf_y(nysg:nyng) )
447
448	ALLOCATE( ol(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), shf(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
449	ts(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), tswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
450	us(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), usws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
451	uswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), vsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
452	vswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), z0(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
453	z0h(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), z0q(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
454
455	ALLOCATE( d(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
456	kh(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
457	km(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
458	p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
459	tend(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
460
461	#if defined( __nopointer )
462	ALLOCATE( e(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
463	e_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
464	pt(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
465	pt_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
466	u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
467	u_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
468	v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
469	v_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
470	w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
471	w_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
472	te_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
473	tpt_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
474	tu_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
475	tv_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
476	tw_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
477	#else
478	ALLOCATE( e_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
479	e_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
480	e_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
481	pt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
482	pt_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
483	u_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
484	u_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
485	u_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
486	v_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
487	v_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
488	v_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
489	w_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
490	w_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
491	w_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
492	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
493	ALLOCATE( pt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
494	ENDIF
495	#endif
496
497	!
498	!-- Following array is required for perturbation pressure within the iterative
499	!-- pressure solvers. For the multistep schemes (Runge-Kutta), array p holds
500	!-- the weighted average of the substeps and cannot be used in the Poisson
501	!-- solver.
502	IF ( psolver == 'sor' ) THEN
503	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
504	ELSEIF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
505	!
506	!-- For performance reasons, multigrid is using one ghost layer only
507	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
508	ENDIF
509
510	!
511	!-- Array for storing constant coeffficients of the tridiagonal solver
512	IF ( psolver == 'poisfft' ) THEN
513	ALLOCATE( tri(nxl_z:nxr_z,nys_z:nyn_z,0:nz-1,2) )
514	ALLOCATE( tric(nxl_z:nxr_z,nys_z:nyn_z,0:nz-1) )
515	ENDIF
516
517	IF ( humidity ) THEN
518	!
519	!-- 2D-humidity
520	ALLOCATE ( qs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
521	qsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
522	qswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
523
524	!
525	!-- 3D-humidity
526	#if defined( __nopointer )
527	ALLOCATE( q(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
528	q_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
529	tq_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
530	#else
531	ALLOCATE( q_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
532	q_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
533	q_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
534	#endif
535
536	!
537	!-- 3D-arrays needed for humidity
538	IF ( humidity ) THEN
539	#if defined( __nopointer )
540	ALLOCATE( vpt(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
541	#else
542	ALLOCATE( vpt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
543	#endif
544
545	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
546
547	!
548	!-- Liquid water content
549	#if defined( __nopointer )
550	ALLOCATE ( ql(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
551	#else
552	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
553	#endif
554	!
555	!-- Precipitation amount and rate (only needed if output is switched)
556	ALLOCATE( precipitation_amount(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
557	precipitation_rate(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
558
559	!
560	!-- 3D-cloud water content
561	#if defined( __nopointer )
562	ALLOCATE( qc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
563	#else
564	ALLOCATE( qc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
565	#endif
566	!
567	!-- 3d-precipitation rate
568	ALLOCATE( prr(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
569
570	IF ( microphysics_seifert ) THEN
571	!
572	!-- 2D-rain water content and rain drop concentration arrays
573	ALLOCATE ( qrs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
574	qrsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
575	qrswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
576	nrs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
577	nrsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
578	nrswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
579	!
580	!-- 3D-rain water content, rain drop concentration arrays
581	#if defined( __nopointer )
582	ALLOCATE( nr(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
583	nr_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
584	qr(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
585	qr_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
586	tnr_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
587	tqr_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
588	#else
589	ALLOCATE( nr_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
590	nr_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
591	nr_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
592	qr_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
593	qr_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
594	qr_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
595	#endif
596	ENDIF
597
598	ENDIF
599
600	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
601	!
602	!-- Liquid water content, change in liquid water content
603	#if defined( __nopointer )
604	ALLOCATE ( ql(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
605	ql_c(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
606	#else
607	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
608	ql_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
609	#endif
610	!
611	!-- Real volume of particles (with weighting), volume of particles
612	ALLOCATE ( ql_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
613	ql_vp(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
614	ENDIF
615
616	ENDIF
617
618	ENDIF
619
620
621	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
622	!
623	!-- 2D-scalar arrays
624	ALLOCATE ( ss(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
625	ssws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
626	sswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
627
628	!
629	!-- 3D scalar arrays
630	#if defined( __nopointer )
631	ALLOCATE( s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
632	s_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
633	ts_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
634	#else
635	ALLOCATE( s_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
636	s_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
637	s_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
638	#endif
639	ENDIF
640
641	IF ( ocean ) THEN
642	ALLOCATE( saswsb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
643	saswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
644	#if defined( __nopointer )
645	ALLOCATE( prho(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
646	rho_ocean(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
647	sa(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
648	sa_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
649	tsa_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
650	#else
651	ALLOCATE( prho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
652	rho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
653	sa_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
654	sa_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
655	sa_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
656	prho => prho_1
657	rho_ocean => rho_1 ! routines calc_mean_profile and diffusion_e require
658	! density to be apointer
659	#endif
660	IF ( humidity_remote ) THEN
661	ALLOCATE( qswst_remote(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg))
662	qswst_remote = 0.0_wp
663	ENDIF
664	ENDIF
665
666	!
667	!-- Allocation of anelastic and Boussinesq approximation specific arrays
668	ALLOCATE( p_hydrostatic(nzb:nzt+1) )
669	ALLOCATE( rho_air(nzb:nzt+1) )
670	ALLOCATE( rho_air_zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
671	ALLOCATE( drho_air(nzb:nzt+1) )
672	ALLOCATE( drho_air_zw(nzb:nzt+1) )
673
674	!
675	!-- Density profile calculation for anelastic approximation
676	IF ( TRIM( approximation ) == 'anelastic' ) THEN
677	t_surface = pt_surface * ( surface_pressure / 1000.0_wp )**( r_d / cp )
678	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
679	p_hydrostatic(k) = surface_pressure * 100.0_wp * &
680	( 1 - ( g * zu(k) ) / ( cp * t_surface ) &
681	)**( cp / r_d )
682	rho_air(k) = ( p_hydrostatic(k) * &
683	( 100000.0_wp / p_hydrostatic(k) &
684	)**( r_d / cp ) &
685	) / ( r_d * pt_init(k) )
686	ENDDO
687	DO k = nzb, nzt
688	rho_air_zw(k) = 0.5_wp * ( rho_air(k) + rho_air(k+1) )
689	ENDDO
690	rho_air_zw(nzt+1) = rho_air_zw(nzt) &
691	+ 2.0_wp * ( rho_air(nzt+1) - rho_air_zw(nzt) )
692	ELSE
693	rho_air = 1.0_wp
694	rho_air_zw = 1.0_wp
695	ENDIF
696
697	!-- compute the inverse density array in order to avoid expencive divisions
698	drho_air = 1.0_wp / rho_air
699	drho_air_zw = 1.0_wp / rho_air_zw
700
701	!
702	!-- Allocation of flux conversion arrays
703	ALLOCATE( heatflux_input_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
704	ALLOCATE( waterflux_input_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
705	ALLOCATE( momentumflux_input_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
706	ALLOCATE( heatflux_output_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
707	ALLOCATE( waterflux_output_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
708	ALLOCATE( momentumflux_output_conversion(nzb:nzt+1) )
709
710	!
711	!-- calculate flux conversion factors according to approximation and in-/output mode
712	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
713
714	IF ( TRIM( flux_input_mode ) == 'kinematic' ) THEN
715	heatflux_input_conversion(k) = rho_air_zw(k)
716	waterflux_input_conversion(k) = rho_air_zw(k)
717	momentumflux_input_conversion(k) = rho_air_zw(k)
718	ELSEIF ( TRIM( flux_input_mode ) == 'dynamic' ) THEN
719	heatflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp / cp
720	waterflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp / l_v
721	momentumflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
722	ENDIF
723
724	IF ( TRIM( flux_output_mode ) == 'kinematic' ) THEN
725	heatflux_output_conversion(k) = drho_air_zw(k)
726	waterflux_output_conversion(k) = drho_air_zw(k)
727	momentumflux_output_conversion(k) = drho_air_zw(k)
728	ELSEIF ( TRIM( flux_output_mode ) == 'dynamic' ) THEN
729	heatflux_output_conversion(k) = cp
730	waterflux_output_conversion(k) = l_v
731	momentumflux_output_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
732	ENDIF
733
734	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
735	waterflux_input_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
736	waterflux_output_conversion(k) = 1.0_wp
737	ENDIF
738
739	ENDDO
740
741	!
742	!-- In case of multigrid method, compute grid lengths and grid factors for the
743	!-- grid levels with respective density on each grid
744	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
745
746	ALLOCATE( ddx2_mg(maximum_grid_level) )
747	ALLOCATE( ddy2_mg(maximum_grid_level) )
748	ALLOCATE( dzu_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
749	ALLOCATE( dzw_mg(nzb+1:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
750	ALLOCATE( f1_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
751	ALLOCATE( f2_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
752	ALLOCATE( f3_mg(nzb+1:nzt,maximum_grid_level) )
753	ALLOCATE( rho_air_mg(nzb:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
754	ALLOCATE( rho_air_zw_mg(nzb:nzt+1,maximum_grid_level) )
755
756	dzu_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzu
757	rho_air_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = rho_air
758	!
759	!-- Next line to ensure an equally spaced grid.
760	dzu_mg(1,maximum_grid_level) = dzu(2)
761	rho_air_mg(nzb,maximum_grid_level) = rho_air(nzb) + &
762	(rho_air(nzb) - rho_air(nzb+1))
763
764	dzw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = dzw
765	rho_air_zw_mg(:,maximum_grid_level) = rho_air_zw
766	nzt_l = nzt
767	DO l = maximum_grid_level-1, 1, -1
768	dzu_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzu_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
769	dzw_mg(nzb+1,l) = 2.0_wp * dzw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
770	rho_air_mg(nzb,l) = rho_air_mg(nzb,l+1) + (rho_air_mg(nzb,l+1) - rho_air_mg(nzb+1,l+1))
771	rho_air_zw_mg(nzb,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(nzb,l+1) + (rho_air_zw_mg(nzb,l+1) - rho_air_zw_mg(nzb+1,l+1))
772	rho_air_mg(nzb+1,l) = rho_air_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
773	rho_air_zw_mg(nzb+1,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(nzb+1,l+1)
774	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
775	DO k = 2, nzt_l+1
776	dzu_mg(k,l) = dzu_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzu_mg(2k-1,l+1)
777	dzw_mg(k,l) = dzw_mg(2k-2,l+1) + dzw_mg(2k-1,l+1)
778	rho_air_mg(k,l) = rho_air_mg(2*k-1,l+1)
779	rho_air_zw_mg(k,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(2*k-1,l+1)
780	ENDDO
781	ENDDO
782
783	nzt_l = nzt
784	dx_l = dx
785	dy_l = dy
786	DO l = maximum_grid_level, 1, -1
787	ddx2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dx_l**2
788	ddy2_mg(l) = 1.0_wp / dy_l**2
789	DO k = nzb+1, nzt_l
790	f2_mg(k,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(k,l) / ( dzu_mg(k+1,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
791	f3_mg(k,l) = rho_air_zw_mg(k-1,l) / ( dzu_mg(k,l) * dzw_mg(k,l) )
792	f1_mg(k,l) = 2.0_wp * ( ddx2_mg(l) + ddy2_mg(l) ) &
793	* rho_air_mg(k,l) + f2_mg(k,l) + f3_mg(k,l)
794	ENDDO
795	nzt_l = nzt_l / 2
796	dx_l = dx_l * 2.0_wp
797	dy_l = dy_l * 2.0_wp
798	ENDDO
799
800	ENDIF
801
802	!
803	!-- 3D-array for storing the dissipation, needed for calculating the sgs
804	!-- particle velocities
805	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .OR. wang_kernel .OR. collision_turbulence )&
806	THEN
807	ALLOCATE( diss(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
808	ENDIF
809
810	!
811	!-- 1D-array for large scale subsidence velocity
812	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( w_subs ) ) THEN
813	ALLOCATE ( w_subs(nzb:nzt+1) )
814	w_subs = 0.0_wp
815	ENDIF
816
817	!
818	!-- ID-array and state-space-array for the parallel random number generator
819	IF ( random_generator == 'random-parallel' ) THEN
820	ALLOCATE ( seq_random_array(5,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
821	ALLOCATE ( id_random_array(0:ny,0:nx) )
822	seq_random_array = 0
823	id_random_array = 0
824	ENDIF
825
826	!
827	!-- 4D-array for storing the Rif-values at vertical walls
828	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
829	ALLOCATE( rif_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,1:4) )
830	rif_wall = 0.0_wp
831	ENDIF
832
833	!
834	!-- Arrays to store velocity data from t-dt and the phase speeds which
835	!-- are needed for radiation boundary conditions
836	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
837	ALLOCATE( u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,1:2), &
838	v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1), &
839	w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1) )
840	ENDIF
841	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
842	ALLOCATE( u_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
843	v_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
844	w_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx) )
845	ENDIF
846	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r ) THEN
847	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
848	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
849	ENDIF
850	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
851	ALLOCATE( u_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg), &
852	v_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,1:2,nxlg:nxrg), &
853	w_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg) )
854	ENDIF
855	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
856	ALLOCATE( u_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
857	v_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
858	w_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg) )
859	ENDIF
860	IF ( outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
861	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
862	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
863	ENDIF
864	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r .OR. outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
865	ALLOCATE( c_u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
866	ALLOCATE( c_u_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m(nzb:nzt+1) )
867	ENDIF
868
869
870	#if ! defined( __nopointer )
871	!
872	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
873	e => e_1; e_p => e_2; te_m => e_3
874	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
875	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_2; tpt_m => pt_3
876	ELSE
877	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_1; tpt_m => pt_3
878	ENDIF
879	u => u_1; u_p => u_2; tu_m => u_3
880	v => v_1; v_p => v_2; tv_m => v_3
881	w => w_1; w_p => w_2; tw_m => w_3
882
883	IF ( humidity ) THEN
884	q => q_1; q_p => q_2; tq_m => q_3
885	IF ( humidity ) THEN
886	vpt => vpt_1
887	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
888	ql => ql_1
889	qc => qc_1
890	IF ( microphysics_seifert ) THEN
891	qr => qr_1; qr_p => qr_2; tqr_m => qr_3
892	nr => nr_1; nr_p => nr_2; tnr_m => nr_3
893	ENDIF
894	ENDIF
895	ENDIF
896	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
897	ql => ql_1
898	ql_c => ql_2
899	ENDIF
900	ENDIF
901
902	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
903	s => s_1; s_p => s_2; ts_m => s_3
904	ENDIF
905
906	IF ( ocean ) THEN
907	sa => sa_1; sa_p => sa_2; tsa_m => sa_3
908	ENDIF
909	#endif
910
911	!
912	!-- Allocate land surface model arrays
913	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
914	CALL lsm_init_arrays
915	ENDIF
916
917	!
918	!-- Allocate wind turbine model arrays
919	IF ( wind_turbine ) THEN
920	CALL wtm_init_arrays
921	ENDIF
922
923	!
924	!-- Initialize virtual flight measurements
925	IF ( virtual_flight ) THEN
926	CALL flight_init
927	ENDIF
928
929	!
930	!-- Allocate arrays containing the RK coefficient for calculation of
931	!-- perturbation pressure and turbulent fluxes. At this point values are
932	!-- set for pressure calculation during initialization (where no timestep
933	!-- is done). Further below the values needed within the timestep scheme
934	!-- will be set.
935	ALLOCATE( weight_substep(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max), &
936	weight_pres(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max) )
937	weight_substep = 1.0_wp
938	weight_pres = 1.0_wp
939	intermediate_timestep_count = 0 ! needed when simulated_time = 0.0
940
941	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
942
943	!
944	!-- Initialize local summation arrays for routine flow_statistics.
945	!-- This is necessary because they may not yet have been initialized when they
946	!-- are called from flow_statistics (or - depending on the chosen model run -
947	!-- are never initialized)
948	sums_divnew_l = 0.0_wp
949	sums_divold_l = 0.0_wp
950	sums_l_l = 0.0_wp
951	sums_up_fraction_l = 0.0_wp
952	sums_wsts_bc_l = 0.0_wp
953
954
955	!
956	!-- Initialize model variables
957	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
958	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
959	!
960	!-- First model run of a possible job queue.
961	!-- Initial profiles of the variables must be computes.
962	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_1d-model_profiles' ) /= 0 ) THEN
963
964	CALL location_message( 'initializing with 1D model profiles', .FALSE. )
965	!
966	!-- Use solutions of the 1D model as initial profiles,
967	!-- start 1D model
968	CALL init_1d_model
969	!
970	!-- Transfer initial profiles to the arrays of the 3D model
971	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
972	DO j = nysg, nyng
973	e(:,j,i) = e1d
974	kh(:,j,i) = kh1d
975	km(:,j,i) = km1d
976	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
977	u(:,j,i) = u1d
978	v(:,j,i) = v1d
979	ENDDO
980	ENDDO
981
982	IF ( humidity ) THEN
983	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
984	DO j = nysg, nyng
985	q(:,j,i) = q_init
986	ENDDO
987	ENDDO
988	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
989	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
990	DO j = nysg, nyng
991	qr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
992	nr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
993	ENDDO
994	ENDDO
995
996	ENDIF
997	ENDIF
998	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
999	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1000	DO j = nysg, nyng
1001	s(:,j,i) = s_init
1002	ENDDO
1003	ENDDO
1004	ENDIF
1005
1006	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
1007	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1008	DO j = nysg, nyng
1009	e(:,j,i) = e1d
1010	ENDDO
1011	ENDDO
1012	!
1013	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
1014	hom(:,1,25,:) = SPREAD( l1d, 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1015
1016	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
1017	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / ( rif1d(nzb+1) + 1.0E-20_wp )
1018	ts = 0.0_wp ! could actually be computed more accurately in the
1019	! 1D model. Update when opportunity arises.
1020	us = us1d
1021	usws = usws1d
1022	vsws = vsws1d
1023	ELSE
1024	ts = 0.0_wp ! must be set, because used in
1025	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / zeta_min ! flowste
1026	us = 0.0_wp
1027	usws = 0.0_wp
1028	vsws = 0.0_wp
1029	ENDIF
1030
1031	ELSE
1032	e = 0.0_wp ! must be set, because used in
1033	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / zeta_min ! flowste
1034	ts = 0.0_wp
1035	us = 0.0_wp
1036	usws = 0.0_wp
1037	vsws = 0.0_wp
1038	ENDIF
1039	uswst = top_momentumflux_u * momentumflux_input_conversion(nzt+1)
1040	vswst = top_momentumflux_v * momentumflux_input_conversion(nzt+1)
1041
1042	!
1043	!-- In every case qs = 0.0 (see also pt)
1044	!-- This could actually be computed more accurately in the 1D model.
1045	!-- Update when opportunity arises!
1046	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1047	qs = 0.0_wp
1048	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1049	qrs = 0.0_wp
1050	nrs = 0.0_wp
1051	ENDIF
1052	ENDIF
1053	!
1054	!-- Initialize scaling parameter for passive scalar
1055	IF ( passive_scalar ) ss = 0.0_wp
1056
1057	!
1058	!-- Inside buildings set velocities back to zero
1059	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
1060	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1061	DO j = nysg, nyng
1062	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1063	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1064	ENDDO
1065	ENDDO
1066
1067	!
1068	!-- WARNING: The extra boundary conditions set after running the
1069	!-- ------- 1D model impose an error on the divergence one layer
1070	!-- below the topography; need to correct later
1071	!-- ATTENTION: Provisional correction for Piacsek & Williams
1072	!-- --------- advection scheme: keep u and v zero one layer below
1073	!-- the topography.
1074	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
1075	!
1076	!-- Neumann condition
1077	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
1078	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
1079	IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = u(1,j,i)
1080	IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = v(1,j,i)
1081	ENDDO
1082	ENDDO
1083
1084	ENDIF
1085
1086	ENDIF
1087
1088	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1089
1090	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles') /= 0 ) &
1091	THEN
1092
1093	CALL location_message( 'initializing with constant profiles', .FALSE. )
1094	!
1095	!-- Overwrite initial profiles in case of nudging
1096	IF ( nudging ) THEN
1097	pt_init = ptnudge(:,1)
1098	u_init = unudge(:,1)
1099	v_init = vnudge(:,1)
1100	IF ( humidity ) THEN ! is passive_scalar correct???
1101	q_init = qnudge(:,1)
1102	ENDIF
1103
1104	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Initial profiles of u, v and ', &
1105	'scalars from NUDGING_DATA are used.'
1106	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0370', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
1107	ENDIF
1108
1109	!
1110	!-- Use constructed initial profiles (velocity constant with height,
1111	!-- temperature profile with constant gradient)
1112	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1113	DO j = nysg, nyng
1114	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
1115	u(:,j,i) = u_init
1116	v(:,j,i) = v_init
1117	ENDDO
1118	ENDDO
1119
1120	!
1121	!-- Set initial horizontal velocities at the lowest computational grid
1122	!-- levels to zero in order to avoid too small time steps caused by the
1123	!-- diffusion limit in the initial phase of a run (at k=1, dz/2 occurs
1124	!-- in the limiting formula!).
1125	IF ( ibc_uv_b /= 1 ) THEN
1126	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1127	DO j = nysg, nyng
1128	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
1129	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
1130	ENDDO
1131	ENDDO
1132	ENDIF
1133
1134	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1135	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1136	DO j = nysg, nyng
1137	q(:,j,i) = q_init
1138	ENDDO
1139	ENDDO
1140	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1141
1142	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1143	DO j = nysg, nyng
1144	qr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
1145	nr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
1146	ENDDO
1147	ENDDO
1148
1149	ENDIF
1150	ENDIF
1151
1152	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1153	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1154	DO j = nysg, nyng
1155	s(:,j,i) = s_init
1156	ENDDO
1157	ENDDO
1158	ENDIF
1159
1160	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1161	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1162	DO j = nysg, nyng
1163	sa(:,j,i) = sa_init
1164	ENDDO
1165	ENDDO
1166	ENDIF
1167
1168	IF ( constant_diffusion ) THEN
1169	km = km_constant
1170	kh = km / prandtl_number
1171	e = 0.0_wp
1172	ELSEIF ( e_init > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1173	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1174	km(k,:,:) = 0.1_wp * l_grid(k) * SQRT( e_init )
1175	ENDDO
1176	km(nzb,:,:) = km(nzb+1,:,:)
1177	km(nzt+1,:,:) = km(nzt,:,:)
1178	kh = km / prandtl_number
1179	e = e_init
1180	ELSE
1181	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
1182	kh = 0.01_wp ! there must exist an initial diffusion, because
1183	km = 0.01_wp ! otherwise no TKE would be produced by the
1184	! production terms, as long as not yet
1185	! e = (u/cm)*2 at k=nzb+1
1186	ELSE
1187	kh = 0.00001_wp
1188	km = 0.00001_wp
1189	ENDIF
1190	e = 0.0_wp
1191	ENDIF
1192	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / zeta_min
1193	ts = 0.0_wp
1194	!
1195	!-- Very small number is required for calculation of Obukhov length
1196	!-- at first timestep
1197	us = 1E-30_wp
1198	usws = 0.0_wp
1199	uswst = top_momentumflux_u * momentumflux_input_conversion(nzt+1)
1200	vsws = 0.0_wp
1201	vswst = top_momentumflux_v * momentumflux_input_conversion(nzt+1)
1202	IF ( humidity ) qs = 0.0_wp
1203	IF ( passive_scalar ) ss = 0.0_wp
1204
1205	!
1206	!-- Compute initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1207	!-- of a sloping surface
1208	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1209
1210	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1211
1212	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'by_user') /= 0 ) &
1213	THEN
1214
1215	CALL location_message( 'initializing by user', .FALSE. )
1216	!
1217	!-- Initialization will completely be done by the user
1218	CALL user_init_3d_model
1219
1220	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1221
1222	ENDIF
1223
1224	CALL location_message( 'initializing statistics, boundary conditions, etc.', &
1225	.FALSE. )
1226
1227	!
1228	!-- Bottom boundary
1229	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
1230	u(nzb,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1231	v(nzb,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1232	ENDIF
1233
1234	!
1235	!-- Apply channel flow boundary condition
1236	IF ( TRIM( bc_uv_t ) == 'dirichlet_0' ) THEN
1237	u(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1238	v(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1239	ENDIF
1240
1241	!
1242	!-- Calculate virtual potential temperature
1243	IF ( humidity ) vpt = pt * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q )
1244
1245	!
1246	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
1247	hom(:,1,5,:) = SPREAD( u(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1248	hom(:,1,6,:) = SPREAD( v(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1249	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2) THEN
1250	hom(nzb,1,5,:) = 0.0_wp
1251	hom(nzb,1,6,:) = 0.0_wp
1252	ENDIF
1253	hom(:,1,7,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1254	hom(:,1,23,:) = SPREAD( km(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1255	hom(:,1,24,:) = SPREAD( kh(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1256
1257	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1258	!
1259	!-- Store initial salinity profile
1260	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( sa(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1261	ENDIF
1262
1263	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1264	!
1265	!-- Store initial profile of total water content, virtual potential
1266	!-- temperature
1267	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1268	hom(:,1,29,:) = SPREAD( vpt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1269	IF ( cloud_physics .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
1270	!
1271	!-- Store initial profile of specific humidity and potential
1272	!-- temperature
1273	hom(:,1,27,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1274	hom(:,1,28,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1275	ENDIF
1276	ENDIF
1277
1278	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1279	!
1280	!-- Store initial scalar profile
1281	hom(:,1,115,:) = SPREAD( s(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1282	ENDIF
1283
1284	!
1285	!-- Initialize the random number generators (from numerical recipes)
1286	CALL random_function_ini
1287
1288	IF ( random_generator == 'random-parallel' ) THEN
1289	!-- Asigning an ID to every vertical gridpoint column
1290	!-- dependig on the ensemble run number.
1291	random_dummy=1
1292	DO j=0,ny
1293	DO i=0,nx
1294	id_random_array(j,i) = random_dummy + 1E6 &
1295	* ( ensemble_member_nr - 1000 )
1296	random_dummy = random_dummy + 1
1297	END DO
1298	ENDDO
1299	!-- Initializing with random_seed_parallel for every vertical
1300	!-- gridpoint column.
1301	random_dummy=0
1302	DO j = nysg, nyng
1303	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1304	CALL random_seed_parallel (random_sequence=id_random_array(j, i))
1305	CALL random_number_parallel (random_dummy)
1306	CALL random_seed_parallel (get=seq_random_array(:, j, i))
1307	END DO
1308	ENDDO
1309	ENDIF
1310
1311	!
1312	!-- Initialize fluxes at bottom surface
1313	IF ( use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
1314
1315	IF ( constant_heatflux ) THEN
1316	!
1317	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
1318	IF ( random_heatflux ) THEN
1319	CALL disturb_heatflux
1320	ELSE
1321	shf = surface_heatflux * heatflux_input_conversion(nzb)
1322	!
1323	!-- Initialize shf with data from external file LSF_DATA
1324	IF ( large_scale_forcing .AND. lsf_surf ) THEN
1325	CALL ls_forcing_surf ( simulated_time )
1326	ENDIF
1327
1328	!
1329	!-- Over topography surface_heatflux is replaced by wall_heatflux(0)
1330	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1331	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1332	DO j = nysg, nyng
1333	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
1334	shf(j,i) = wall_heatflux(0) &
1335	* heatflux_input_conversion(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
1336	ENDIF
1337	ENDDO
1338	ENDDO
1339	ENDIF
1340	ENDIF
1341	ENDIF
1342
1343	!
1344	!-- Determine the near-surface water flux
1345	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1346	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1347	qrsws = 0.0_wp
1348	nrsws = 0.0_wp
1349	ENDIF
1350	IF ( constant_waterflux ) THEN
1351	qsws = surface_waterflux * waterflux_input_conversion(nzb)
1352	!
1353	!-- Over topography surface_waterflux is replaced by
1354	!-- wall_humidityflux(0)
1355	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1356	wall_qflux = wall_humidityflux
1357	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1358	DO j = nysg, nyng
1359	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
1360	qsws(j,i) = wall_qflux(0) &
1361	* waterflux_input_conversion(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
1362	ENDIF
1363	ENDDO
1364	ENDDO
1365	ENDIF
1366	ENDIF
1367	ENDIF
1368	!
1369	!-- Initialize the near-surface scalar flux
1370	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1371	IF ( constant_scalarflux ) THEN
1372	ssws = surface_scalarflux
1373	!
1374	!-- Over topography surface_scalarflux is replaced by
1375	!-- wall_scalarflux(0)
1376	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1377	wall_sflux = wall_scalarflux
1378	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1379	DO j = nysg, nyng
1380	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) ssws(j,i) = wall_sflux(0)
1381	ENDDO
1382	ENDDO
1383	ENDIF
1384	ENDIF
1385	ENDIF
1386	!
1387	!-- Initialize near-surface salinity flux
1388	IF ( ocean ) saswsb = bottom_salinityflux
1389
1390	ENDIF
1391
1392	!
1393	!-- Initialize fluxes at top surface
1394	!-- Currently, only the heatflux and salinity flux can be prescribed.
1395	!-- The latent flux is zero in this case!
1396	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
1397	!
1398	!-- Prescribe to heat flux
1399	IF ( constant_top_heatflux ) tswst = top_heatflux &
1400	* heatflux_input_conversion(nzt+1)
1401	!
1402	!-- Prescribe zero latent flux at the top
1403	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1404	qswst = 0.0_wp
1405	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1406	nrswst = 0.0_wp
1407	qrswst = 0.0_wp
1408	ENDIF
1409	ENDIF
1410	!
1411	!-- Prescribe top scalar flux
1412	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. constant_top_scalarflux ) &
1413	sswst = top_scalarflux
1414	!
1415	!-- Prescribe top salinity flux
1416	IF ( ocean .AND. constant_top_salinityflux) &
1417	saswst = top_salinityflux
1418	!
1419	!-- Initialization in case of a coupled model run
1420	IF ( coupling_mode == 'ocean_to_atmosphere' ) THEN
1421	tswst = 0.0_wp
1422	ENDIF
1423
1424	ENDIF
1425
1426	!
1427	!-- Initialize Prandtl layer quantities
1428	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
1429
1430	z0 = roughness_length
1431	z0h = z0h_factor * z0
1432	z0q = z0h_factor * z0
1433
1434	IF ( .NOT. constant_heatflux ) THEN
1435	!
1436	!-- Surface temperature is prescribed. Here the heat flux cannot be
1437	!-- simply estimated, because therefore ol, u* and theta* would have
1438	!-- to be computed by iteration. This is why the heat flux is assumed
1439	!-- to be zero before the first time step. It approaches its correct
1440	!-- value in the course of the first few time steps.
1441	shf = 0.0_wp
1442	ENDIF
1443
1444	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1445	IF ( .NOT. constant_waterflux ) qsws = 0.0_wp
1446	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1447	qrsws = 0.0_wp
1448	nrsws = 0.0_wp
1449	ENDIF
1450	ENDIF
1451	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. .NOT. constant_scalarflux ) ssws = 0.0_wp
1452
1453	ENDIF
1454
1455	!
1456	!-- Set the reference state to be used in the buoyancy terms (for ocean runs
1457	!-- the reference state will be set (overwritten) in init_ocean)
1458	IF ( use_single_reference_value ) THEN
1459	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1460	ref_state(:) = pt_reference
1461	ELSE
1462	ref_state(:) = vpt_reference
1463	ENDIF
1464	ELSE
1465	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1466	ref_state(:) = pt_init(:)
1467	ELSE
1468	ref_state(:) = vpt(:,nys,nxl)
1469	ENDIF
1470	ENDIF
1471
1472	!
1473	!-- For the moment, vertical velocity is zero
1474	w = 0.0_wp
1475
1476	!
1477	!-- Initialize array sums (must be defined in first call of pres)
1478	sums = 0.0_wp
1479
1480	!
1481	!-- In case of iterative solvers, p must get an initial value
1482	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' .OR. psolver == 'sor' ) p = 0.0_wp
1483
1484	!
1485	!-- Treating cloud physics, liquid water content and precipitation amount
1486	!-- are zero at beginning of the simulation
1487	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
1488	ql = 0.0_wp
1489	qc = 0.0_wp
1490
1491	precipitation_amount = 0.0_wp
1492	ENDIF
1493	!
1494	!-- Impose vortex with vertical axis on the initial velocity profile
1495	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_vortex' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1496	CALL init_rankine
1497	ENDIF
1498
1499	!
1500	!-- Impose temperature anomaly (advection test only)
1501	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_ptanom' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1502	CALL init_pt_anomaly
1503	ENDIF
1504
1505	!
1506	!-- If required, change the surface temperature at the start of the 3D run
1507	IF ( pt_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1508	pt(nzb,:,:) = pt(nzb,:,:) + pt_surface_initial_change
1509	ENDIF
1510
1511	!
1512	!-- If required, change the surface humidity/scalar at the start of the 3D
1513	!-- run
1514	IF ( humidity .AND. q_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) &
1515	q(nzb,:,:) = q(nzb,:,:) + q_surface_initial_change
1516
1517	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. s_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) &
1518	s(nzb,:,:) = s(nzb,:,:) + s_surface_initial_change
1519
1520
1521	!
1522	!-- Initialize old and new time levels.
1523	te_m = 0.0_wp; tpt_m = 0.0_wp; tu_m = 0.0_wp; tv_m = 0.0_wp; tw_m = 0.0_wp
1524	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1525
1526	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1527	tq_m = 0.0_wp
1528	q_p = q
1529	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1530	tqr_m = 0.0_wp
1531	qr_p = qr
1532	tnr_m = 0.0_wp
1533	nr_p = nr
1534	ENDIF
1535	ENDIF
1536
1537	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1538	ts_m = 0.0_wp
1539	s_p = s
1540	ENDIF
1541
1542	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1543	tsa_m = 0.0_wp
1544	sa_p = sa
1545	ENDIF
1546
1547	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1548
1549	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .OR. &
1550	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) &
1551	THEN
1552
1553	CALL location_message( 'initializing in case of restart / cyclic_fill', &
1554	.FALSE. )
1555	!
1556	!-- When reading data for cyclic fill of 3D prerun data files, read
1557	!-- some of the global variables from the restart file which are required
1558	!-- for initializing the inflow
1559	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1560
1561	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
1562	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
1563	CALL read_parts_of_var_list
1564	CALL close_file( 13 )
1565	ENDIF
1566	#if defined( __parallel )
1567	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1568	#endif
1569	ENDDO
1570
1571	ENDIF
1572
1573	!
1574	!-- Read binary data from restart file
1575	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
1576	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
1577	CALL read_3d_binary
1578	ENDIF
1579	#if defined( __parallel )
1580	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1581	#endif
1582	ENDDO
1583
1584	!
1585	!-- Initialization of the turbulence recycling method
1586	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1587	turbulent_inflow ) THEN
1588	!
1589	!-- First store the profiles to be used at the inflow.
1590	!-- These profiles are the (temporally) and horizontally averaged vertical
1591	!-- profiles from the prerun. Alternatively, prescribed profiles
1592	!-- for u,v-components can be used.
1593	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,7) )
1594
1595	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1596	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = u_init ! u
1597	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = v_init ! v
1598	ELSE
1599	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = hom_sum(:,1,0) ! u
1600	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = hom_sum(:,2,0) ! v
1601	ENDIF
1602	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = hom_sum(:,4,0) ! pt
1603	mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) = hom_sum(:,8,0) ! e
1604	IF ( humidity ) &
1605	mean_inflow_profiles(:,6) = hom_sum(:,41,0) ! q
1606	IF ( passive_scalar ) &
1607	mean_inflow_profiles(:,7) = hom_sum(:,115,0) ! s
1608
1609	!
1610	!-- If necessary, adjust the horizontal flow field to the prescribed
1611	!-- profiles
1612	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1613	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1614	DO j = nysg, nyng
1615	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1616	u(k,j,i) = u(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,1,0) + u_init(k)
1617	v(k,j,i) = v(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,2,0) + v_init(k)
1618	ENDDO
1619	ENDDO
1620	ENDDO
1621	ENDIF
1622
1623	!
1624	!-- Use these mean profiles at the inflow (provided that Dirichlet
1625	!-- conditions are used)
1626	IF ( inflow_l ) THEN
1627	DO j = nysg, nyng
1628	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1629	u(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,1)
1630	v(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,2)
1631	w(k,j,nxlg:-1) = 0.0_wp
1632	pt(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,4)
1633	e(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,5)
1634	IF ( humidity ) &
1635	q(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,6)
1636	IF ( passive_scalar ) &
1637	s(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,7)
1638	ENDDO
1639	ENDDO
1640	ENDIF
1641
1642	!
1643	!-- Calculate the damping factors to be used at the inflow. For a
1644	!-- turbulent inflow the turbulent fluctuations have to be limited
1645	!-- vertically because otherwise the turbulent inflow layer will grow
1646	!-- in time.
1647	IF ( inflow_damping_height == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1648	!
1649	!-- Default: use the inversion height calculated by the prerun; if
1650	!-- this is zero, inflow_damping_height must be explicitly
1651	!-- specified.
1652	IF ( hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1653	inflow_damping_height = hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0)
1654	ELSE
1655	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inflow_damping_height must be ', &
1656	'explicitly specified because&the inversion height ', &
1657	'calculated by the prerun is zero.'
1658	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0318', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1659	ENDIF
1660
1661	ENDIF
1662
1663	IF ( inflow_damping_width == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1664	!
1665	!-- Default for the transition range: one tenth of the undamped
1666	!-- layer
1667	inflow_damping_width = 0.1_wp * inflow_damping_height
1668
1669	ENDIF
1670
1671	ALLOCATE( inflow_damping_factor(nzb:nzt+1) )
1672
1673	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1674
1675	IF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height ) THEN
1676	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0_wp
1677	ELSEIF ( zu(k) <= ( inflow_damping_height + inflow_damping_width ) ) THEN
1678	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0_wp - &
1679	( zu(k) - inflow_damping_height ) / &
1680	inflow_damping_width
1681	ELSE
1682	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 0.0_wp
1683	ENDIF
1684
1685	ENDDO
1686
1687	ENDIF
1688
1689	!
1690	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero
1691	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1692	topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
1693	!
1694	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero.
1695	!-- Other scalars (pt, q, s, km, kh, p, sa, ...) are ignored at present,
1696	!-- maybe revise later.
1697	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1698	DO j = nysg, nyng
1699	u (nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1700	v (nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1701	w (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1702	e (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1703	tu_m(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1704	tv_m(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1705	tw_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1706	te_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1707	tpt_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1708	ENDDO
1709	ENDDO
1710
1711	ENDIF
1712
1713	!
1714	!-- Calculate initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1715	!-- of a sloping surface
1716	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1717
1718	!
1719	!-- Initialize new time levels (only done in order to set boundary values
1720	!-- including ghost points)
1721	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1722	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1723	q_p = q
1724	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1725	qr_p = qr
1726	nr_p = nr
1727	ENDIF
1728	ENDIF
1729	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p = s
1730	IF ( ocean ) sa_p = sa
1731
1732	!
1733	!-- Allthough tendency arrays are set in prognostic_equations, they have
1734	!-- have to be predefined here because they are used (but multiplied with 0)
1735	!-- there before they are set.
1736	te_m = 0.0_wp; tpt_m = 0.0_wp; tu_m = 0.0_wp; tv_m = 0.0_wp; tw_m = 0.0_wp
1737	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1738	tq_m = 0.0_wp
1739	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1740	tqr_m = 0.0_wp
1741	tnr_m = 0.0_wp
1742	ENDIF
1743	ENDIF
1744	IF ( passive_scalar ) ts_m = 0.0_wp
1745	IF ( ocean ) tsa_m = 0.0_wp
1746
1747	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1748
1749	ELSE
1750	!
1751	!-- Actually this part of the programm should not be reached
1752	message_string = 'unknown initializing problem'
1753	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0193', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1754	ENDIF
1755
1756
1757	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1758	!
1759	!-- Initialize old timelevels needed for radiation boundary conditions
1760	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
1761	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1762	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1763	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1764	ENDIF
1765	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
1766	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1767	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1768	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1769	ENDIF
1770	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
1771	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
1772	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
1773	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
1774	ENDIF
1775	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
1776	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1777	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1778	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1779	ENDIF
1780
1781	ENDIF
1782
1783	!
1784	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
1785	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
1786
1787	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1788
1789	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1790	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1791
1792	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1793	DO j = nys, nyn
1794	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,nx)+1, nzt
1795	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1796	u_init(k) * dzw(k)
1797	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1798	ENDDO
1799	ENDDO
1800	ENDIF
1801
1802	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1803	DO i = nxl, nxr
1804	DO k = nzb_v_inner(ny,i)+1, nzt
1805	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1806	v_init(k) * dzw(k)
1807	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1808	ENDDO
1809	ENDDO
1810	ENDIF
1811
1812	#if defined( __parallel )
1813	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1814	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1815	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1816	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1817
1818	#else
1819	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1820	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1821	#endif
1822
1823	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1824
1825	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1826	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1827
1828	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1829	DO j = nys, nyn
1830	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,nx)+1, nzt
1831	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1832	hom_sum(k,1,0) * dzw(k)
1833	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1834	ENDDO
1835	ENDDO
1836	ENDIF
1837
1838	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1839	DO i = nxl, nxr
1840	DO k = nzb_v_inner(ny,i)+1, nzt
1841	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1842	hom_sum(k,2,0) * dzw(k)
1843	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1844	ENDDO
1845	ENDDO
1846	ENDIF
1847
1848	#if defined( __parallel )
1849	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1850	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1851	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1852	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1853
1854	#else
1855	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1856	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1857	#endif
1858
1859	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1860
1861	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1862	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1863
1864	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1865	DO j = nys, nyn
1866	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,nx)+1, nzt
1867	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1868	u(k,j,nx) * dzw(k)
1869	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1870	ENDDO
1871	ENDDO
1872	ENDIF
1873
1874	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1875	DO i = nxl, nxr
1876	DO k = nzb_v_inner(ny,i)+1, nzt
1877	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1878	v(k,ny,i) * dzw(k)
1879	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1880	ENDDO
1881	ENDDO
1882	ENDIF
1883
1884	#if defined( __parallel )
1885	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1886	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1887	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1888	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1889
1890	#else
1891	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1892	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1893	#endif
1894
1895	ENDIF
1896
1897	!
1898	!-- In case of 'bulk_velocity' mode, volume_flow_initial is calculated
1899	!-- from u\|v_bulk instead
1900	IF ( TRIM( conserve_volume_flow_mode ) == 'bulk_velocity' ) THEN
1901	volume_flow_initial(1) = u_bulk * volume_flow_area(1)
1902	volume_flow_initial(2) = v_bulk * volume_flow_area(2)
1903	ENDIF
1904
1905	ENDIF
1906
1907	!
1908	!-- Initialize quantities for special advections schemes
1909	CALL init_advec
1910
1911	!
1912	!-- Impose random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field and then
1913	!-- remove the divergences from the velocity field at the initial stage
1914	IF ( create_disturbances .AND. disturbance_energy_limit /= 0.0_wp .AND. &
1915	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
1916	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1917
1918	CALL location_message( 'creating initial disturbances', .FALSE. )
1919	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
1920	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
1921	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1922
1923	CALL location_message( 'calling pressure solver', .FALSE. )
1924	n_sor = nsor_ini
1925	CALL pres
1926	n_sor = nsor
1927	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1928
1929	ENDIF
1930
1931	!
1932	!-- If required, initialize quantities needed for the plant canopy model
1933	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
1934	CALL location_message( 'initializing plant canopy model', .FALSE. )
1935	CALL pcm_init
1936	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1937	ENDIF
1938
1939	!
1940	!-- If required, initialize dvrp-software
1941	IF ( dt_dvrp /= 9999999.9_wp ) CALL init_dvrp
1942
1943	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1944	!
1945	!-- Initialize quantities needed for the ocean model
1946	CALL init_ocean
1947
1948	ELSE
1949	!
1950	!-- Initialize quantities for handling cloud physics
1951	!-- This routine must be called before lpm_init, because
1952	!-- otherwise, array pt_d_t, needed in data_output_dvrp (called by
1953	!-- lpm_init) is not defined.
1954	CALL init_cloud_physics
1955	!
1956	!-- Initialize bulk cloud microphysics
1957	CALL microphysics_init
1958	ENDIF
1959
1960	!
1961	!-- If required, initialize particles
1962	IF ( particle_advection ) CALL lpm_init
1963
1964	!
1965	!-- If required, initialize quantities needed for the LSM
1966	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
1967	CALL location_message( 'initializing land surface model', .FALSE. )
1968	CALL lsm_init
1969	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1970	ENDIF
1971
1972	!
1973	!-- Initialize surface layer (done after LSM as roughness length are required
1974	!-- for initialization
1975	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
1976	CALL location_message( 'initializing surface layer', .FALSE. )
1977	CALL init_surface_layer_fluxes
1978	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1979	ENDIF
1980
1981	!
1982	!-- If required, initialize radiation model
1983	IF ( radiation ) THEN
1984	CALL location_message( 'initializing radiation model', .FALSE. )
1985	CALL radiation_init
1986	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1987	ENDIF
1988
1989	!
1990	!-- If required, initialize urban surface model
1991	IF ( urban_surface ) THEN
1992	CALL location_message( 'initializing urban surface model', .FALSE. )
1993	CALL usm_init_urban_surface
1994	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1995	ENDIF
1996
1997	!
1998	!-- If required, initialize quantities needed for the wind turbine model
1999	IF ( wind_turbine ) THEN
2000	CALL location_message( 'initializing wind turbine model', .FALSE. )
2001	CALL wtm_init
2002	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
2003	ENDIF
2004
2005
2006	!
2007	!-- Initialize the ws-scheme.
2008	IF ( ws_scheme_sca .OR. ws_scheme_mom ) CALL ws_init
2009
2010	!
2011	!-- Setting weighting factors for calculation of perturbation pressure
2012	!-- and turbulent quantities from the RK substeps
2013	IF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-3' ) THEN ! for RK3-method
2014
2015	weight_substep(1) = 1._wp/6._wp
2016	weight_substep(2) = 3._wp/10._wp
2017	weight_substep(3) = 8._wp/15._wp
2018
2019	weight_pres(1) = 1._wp/3._wp
2020	weight_pres(2) = 5._wp/12._wp
2021	weight_pres(3) = 1._wp/4._wp
2022
2023	ELSEIF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-2' ) THEN ! for RK2-method
2024
2025	weight_substep(1) = 1._wp/2._wp
2026	weight_substep(2) = 1._wp/2._wp
2027
2028	weight_pres(1) = 1._wp/2._wp
2029	weight_pres(2) = 1._wp/2._wp
2030
2031	ELSE ! for Euler-method
2032
2033	weight_substep(1) = 1.0_wp
2034	weight_pres(1) = 1.0_wp
2035
2036	ENDIF
2037
2038	!
2039	!-- Initialize Rayleigh damping factors
2040	rdf = 0.0_wp
2041	rdf_sc = 0.0_wp
2042	IF ( rayleigh_damping_factor /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
2043	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
2044	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
2045	IF ( zu(k) >= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
2046	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
2047	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( zu(k) - rayleigh_damping_height ) &
2048	/ ( zu(nzt) - rayleigh_damping_height ) ) &
2049	)**2
2050	ENDIF
2051	ENDDO
2052	ELSE
2053	DO k = nzt, nzb+1, -1
2054	IF ( zu(k) <= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
2055	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
2056	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(k) ) &
2057	/ ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(nzb+1) ) ) &
2058	)**2
2059	ENDIF
2060	ENDDO
2061	ENDIF
2062	ENDIF
2063	IF ( scalar_rayleigh_damping ) rdf_sc = rdf
2064
2065	!
2066	!-- Initialize the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
2067	!-- the external pressure gradient
2068	dp_smooth_factor = 1.0_wp
2069	IF ( dp_external ) THEN
2070	!
2071	!-- Set the starting level dp_level_ind_b only if it has not been set before
2072	!-- (e.g. in init_grid).
2073	IF ( dp_level_ind_b == 0 ) THEN
2074	ind_array = MINLOC( ABS( dp_level_b - zu ) )
2075	dp_level_ind_b = ind_array(1) - 1 + nzb
2076	! MINLOC uses lower array bound 1
2077	ENDIF
2078	IF ( dp_smooth ) THEN
2079	dp_smooth_factor(:dp_level_ind_b) = 0.0_wp
2080	DO k = dp_level_ind_b+1, nzt
2081	dp_smooth_factor(k) = 0.5_wp * ( 1.0_wp + SIN( pi * &
2082	( REAL( k - dp_level_ind_b, KIND=wp ) / &
2083	REAL( nzt - dp_level_ind_b, KIND=wp ) - 0.5_wp ) ) )
2084	ENDDO
2085	ENDIF
2086	ENDIF
2087
2088	!
2089	!-- Initialize damping zone for the potential temperature in case of
2090	!-- non-cyclic lateral boundaries. The damping zone has the maximum value
2091	!-- at the inflow boundary and decreases to zero at pt_damping_width.
2092	ptdf_x = 0.0_wp
2093	ptdf_y = 0.0_wp
2094	IF ( bc_lr_dirrad ) THEN
2095	DO i = nxl, nxr
2096	IF ( ( i * dx ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
2097	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * ( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
2098	REAL( pt_damping_width - i * dx, KIND=wp ) / ( &
2099	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) ) ) )**2
2100	ENDIF
2101	ENDDO
2102	ELSEIF ( bc_lr_raddir ) THEN
2103	DO i = nxl, nxr
2104	IF ( ( i * dx ) > ( nx * dx - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
2105	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * &
2106	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
2107	( ( i - nx ) * dx + pt_damping_width ) / &
2108	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
2109	ENDIF
2110	ENDDO
2111	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_dirrad ) THEN
2112	DO j = nys, nyn
2113	IF ( ( j * dy ) > ( ny * dy - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
2114	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
2115	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
2116	( ( j - ny ) * dy + pt_damping_width ) / &
2117	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
2118	ENDIF
2119	ENDDO
2120	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_raddir ) THEN
2121	DO j = nys, nyn
2122	IF ( ( j * dy ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
2123	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
2124	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
2125	( pt_damping_width - j * dy ) / &
2126	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
2127	ENDIF
2128	ENDDO
2129	ENDIF
2130
2131	!
2132	!-- Pre-set masks for regional statistics. Default is the total model domain.
2133	!-- Ghost points are excluded because counting values at the ghost boundaries
2134	!-- would bias the statistics
2135	rmask = 1.0_wp
2136	rmask(:,nxlg:nxl-1,:) = 0.0_wp; rmask(:,nxr+1:nxrg,:) = 0.0_wp
2137	rmask(nysg:nys-1,:,:) = 0.0_wp; rmask(nyn+1:nyng,:,:) = 0.0_wp
2138
2139	!
2140	!-- User-defined initializing actions. Check afterwards, if maximum number
2141	!-- of allowed timeseries is exceeded
2142	CALL user_init
2143
2144	IF ( dots_num > dots_max ) THEN
2145	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'number of time series quantities exceeds', &
2146	' its maximum of dots_max = ', dots_max, &
2147	' &Please increase dots_max in modules.f90.'
2148	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0194', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
2149	ENDIF
2150
2151	!
2152	!-- Input binary data file is not needed anymore. This line must be placed
2153	!-- after call of user_init!
2154	CALL close_file( 13 )
2155
2156	!
2157	!-- Compute total sum of active mask grid points
2158	!-- and the mean surface level height for each statistic region
2159	!-- ngp_2dh: number of grid points of a horizontal cross section through the
2160	!-- total domain
2161	!-- ngp_3d: number of grid points of the total domain
2162	ngp_2dh_outer_l = 0
2163	ngp_2dh_outer = 0
2164	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l = 0
2165	ngp_2dh_s_inner = 0
2166	ngp_2dh_l = 0
2167	ngp_2dh = 0
2168	ngp_3d_inner_l = 0.0_wp
2169	ngp_3d_inner = 0
2170	ngp_3d = 0
2171	ngp_sums = ( nz + 2 ) * ( pr_palm + max_pr_user )
2172
2173	mean_surface_level_height = 0.0_wp
2174	mean_surface_level_height_l = 0.0_wp
2175
2176	DO sr = 0, statistic_regions
2177	DO i = nxl, nxr
2178	DO j = nys, nyn
2179	IF ( rmask(j,i,sr) == 1.0_wp ) THEN
2180	!
2181	!-- All xy-grid points
2182	ngp_2dh_l(sr) = ngp_2dh_l(sr) + 1
2183	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) = mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) &
2184	+ zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
2185	!
2186	!-- xy-grid points above topography
2187	DO k = nzb_s_outer(j,i), nz + 1
2188	ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) + 1
2189	ENDDO
2190	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i), nz + 1
2191	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) + 1
2192	ENDDO
2193	!
2194	!-- All grid points of the total domain above topography
2195	ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) = ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) &
2196	+ ( nz - nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 )
2197	ENDIF
2198	ENDDO
2199	ENDDO
2200	ENDDO
2201
2202	sr = statistic_regions + 1
2203	#if defined( __parallel )
2204	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2205	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_l(0), ngp_2dh(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, &
2206	comm2d, ierr )
2207	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2208	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_outer_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_outer(0,0), (nz+2)*sr, &
2209	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2210	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2211	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_s_inner(0,0), &
2212	(nz+2)*sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2213	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2214	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_3d_inner_l(0), ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
2215	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2216	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_tmp, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
2217	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2218	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mean_surface_level_height_l(0), &
2219	mean_surface_level_height(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
2220	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2221	mean_surface_level_height = mean_surface_level_height / REAL( ngp_2dh )
2222	#else
2223	ngp_2dh = ngp_2dh_l
2224	ngp_2dh_outer = ngp_2dh_outer_l
2225	ngp_2dh_s_inner = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
2226	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_l, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
2227	mean_surface_level_height = mean_surface_level_height_l / REAL( ngp_2dh_l )
2228	#endif
2229
2230	ngp_3d = INT ( ngp_2dh, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) ) * &
2231	INT ( (nz + 2 ), KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
2232
2233	!
2234	!-- Set a lower limit of 1 in order to avoid zero divisions in flow_statistics,
2235	!-- buoyancy, etc. A zero value will occur for cases where all grid points of
2236	!-- the respective subdomain lie below the surface topography
2237	ngp_2dh_outer = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_outer(:,:) )
2238	ngp_3d_inner = MAX( INT(1, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 )), &
2239	ngp_3d_inner(:) )
2240	ngp_2dh_s_inner = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_s_inner(:,:) )
2241
2242	DEALLOCATE( mean_surface_level_height_l, ngp_2dh_l, ngp_2dh_outer_l, &
2243	ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp )
2244
2245	CALL location_message( 'leaving init_3d_model', .TRUE. )
2246
2247	END SUBROUTINE init_3d_model

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