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1	!> @file init_3d_model.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of PALM.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2016 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! ------------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: init_3d_model.f90 2032 2016-10-21 15:13:51Z suehring $
27	!
28	! 2031 2016-10-21 15:11:58Z knoop
29	! renamed variable rho to rho_ocean
30	!
31	! 2011 2016-09-19 17:29:57Z kanani
32	! Flag urban_surface is now defined in module control_parameters.
33	!
34	! 2007 2016-08-24 15:47:17Z kanani
35	! Added support for urban surface model,
36	! adjusted location_message in case of plant_canopy
37	!
38	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
39	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
40	!
41	! 1992 2016-08-12 15:14:59Z suehring
42	! Initializaton of scalarflux at model top
43	! Bugfixes in initialization of surface and top salinity flux, top scalar and
44	! humidity fluxes
45	!
46	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
47	! Separate humidity and passive scalar
48	! Increase dimension for mean_inflow_profiles
49	! Remove inadvertent write-statement
50	! Bugfix, large-scale forcing is still not implemented for passive scalars
51	!
52	! 1957 2016-07-07 10:43:48Z suehring
53	! flight module added
54	!
55	! 1920 2016-05-30 10:50:15Z suehring
56	! Initialize us with very small number to avoid segmentation fault during
57	! calculation of Obukhov length
58	!
59	! 1918 2016-05-27 14:35:57Z raasch
60	! intermediate_timestep_count is set 0 instead 1 for first call of pres,
61	! bugfix: initialization of local sum arrays are moved to the beginning of the
62	! routine because otherwise results from pres are overwritten
63	!
64	! 1914 2016-05-26 14:44:07Z witha
65	! Added initialization of the wind turbine model
66	!
67	! 1878 2016-04-19 12:30:36Z hellstea
68	! The zeroth element of weight_pres removed as unnecessary
69	!
70	! 1849 2016-04-08 11:33:18Z hoffmann
71	! Adapted for modularization of microphysics.
72	! precipitation_amount, precipitation_rate, prr moved to arrays_3d.
73	! Initialization of nc_1d, nr_1d, pt_1d, qc_1d, qr_1d, q_1d moved to
74	! microphysics_init.
75	!
76	! 1845 2016-04-08 08:29:13Z raasch
77	! nzb_2d replaced by nzb_u\|v_inner
78	!
79	! 1833 2016-04-07 14:23:03Z raasch
80	! initialization of spectra quantities moved to spectra_mod
81	!
82	! 1831 2016-04-07 13:15:51Z hoffmann
83	! turbulence renamed collision_turbulence
84	!
85	! 1826 2016-04-07 12:01:39Z maronga
86	! Renamed radiation calls.
87	! Renamed canopy model calls.
88	!
89	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
90	! icloud_scheme replaced by microphysics_*
91	!
92	! 1817 2016-04-06 15:44:20Z maronga
93	! Renamed lsm calls.
94	!
95	! 1815 2016-04-06 13:49:59Z raasch
96	! zero-settings for velocities inside topography re-activated (was deactivated
97	! in r1762)
98	!
99	! 1788 2016-03-10 11:01:04Z maronga
100	! Added z0q.
101	! Syntax layout improved.
102	!
103	! 1783 2016-03-06 18:36:17Z raasch
104	! netcdf module name changed + related changes
105	!
106	! 1764 2016-02-28 12:45:19Z raasch
107	! bugfix: increase size of volume_flow_area_l and volume_flow_initial_l by 1
108	!
109	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
110	! Introduction of nested domain feature
111	!
112	! 1738 2015-12-18 13:56:05Z raasch
113	! calculate mean surface level height for each statistic region
114	!
115	! 1734 2015-12-02 12:17:12Z raasch
116	! no initial disturbances in case that the disturbance energy limit has been
117	! set zero
118	!
119	! 1707 2015-11-02 15:24:52Z maronga
120	! Bugfix: transfer of Richardson number from 1D model to Obukhov length caused
121	! devision by zero in neutral stratification
122	!
123	! 1691 2015-10-26 16:17:44Z maronga
124	! Call to init_surface_layer added. rif is replaced by ol and zeta.
125	!
126	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
127	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
128	!
129	! 1615 2015-07-08 18:49:19Z suehring
130	! Enable turbulent inflow for passive_scalar and humidity
131	!
132	! 1585 2015-04-30 07:05:52Z maronga
133	! Initialization of radiation code is now done after LSM initializtion
134	!
135	! 1575 2015-03-27 09:56:27Z raasch
136	! adjustments for psolver-queries
137	!
138	! 1551 2015-03-03 14:18:16Z maronga
139	! Allocation of land surface arrays is now done in the subroutine lsm_init_arrays,
140	! which is part of land_surface_model.
141	!
142	! 1507 2014-12-10 12:14:18Z suehring
143	! Bugfix: set horizontal velocity components to zero inside topography
144	!
145	! 1496 2014-12-02 17:25:50Z maronga
146	! Added initialization of the land surface and radiation schemes
147	!
148	! 1484 2014-10-21 10:53:05Z kanani
149	! Changes due to new module structure of the plant canopy model:
150	! canopy-related initialization (e.g. lad and canopy_heat_flux) moved to new
151	! subroutine init_plant_canopy within the module plant_canopy_model_mod,
152	! call of subroutine init_plant_canopy added.
153	!
154	! 1431 2014-07-15 14:47:17Z suehring
155	! var_d added, in order to normalize spectra.
156	!
157	! 1429 2014-07-15 12:53:45Z knoop
158	! Ensemble run capability added to parallel random number generator
159	!
160	! 1411 2014-05-16 18:01:51Z suehring
161	! Initial horizontal velocity profiles were not set to zero at the first vertical
162	! grid level in case of non-cyclic lateral boundary conditions.
163	!
164	! 1406 2014-05-16 13:47:01Z raasch
165	! bugfix: setting of initial velocities at k=1 to zero not in case of a
166	! no-slip boundary condition for uv
167	!
168	! 1402 2014-05-09 14:25:13Z raasch
169	! location messages modified
170	!
171	! 1400 2014-05-09 14:03:54Z knoop
172	! Parallel random number generator added
173	!
174	! 1384 2014-05-02 14:31:06Z raasch
175	! location messages added
176	!
177	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
178	! tend_* removed
179	! Bugfix: w_subs is not allocated anymore if it is already allocated
180	!
181	! 1359 2014-04-11 17:15:14Z hoffmann
182	! module lpm_init_mod added to use statements, because lpm_init has become a
183	! module
184	!
185	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
186	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
187	!
188	! 1340 2014-03-25 19:45:13Z kanani
189	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
190	!
191	! 1322 2014-03-20 16:38:49Z raasch
192	! REAL constants defined as wp-kind
193	! module interfaces removed
194	!
195	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
196	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
197	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
198	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
199	! revision history before 2012 removed,
200	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
201	! all variable declaration statements
202	!
203	! 1316 2014-03-17 07:44:59Z heinze
204	! Bugfix: allocation of w_subs
205	!
206	! 1299 2014-03-06 13:15:21Z heinze
207	! Allocate w_subs due to extension of large scale subsidence in combination
208	! with large scale forcing data (LSF_DATA)
209	!
210	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
211	! Overwrite initial profiles in case of nudging
212	! Inititialize shf and qsws in case of large_scale_forcing
213	!
214	! 1221 2013-09-10 08:59:13Z raasch
215	! +rflags_s_inner in copyin statement, use copyin for most arrays instead of
216	! copy
217	!
218	! 1212 2013-08-15 08:46:27Z raasch
219	! array tri is allocated and included in data copy statement
220	!
221	! 1195 2013-07-01 12:27:57Z heinze
222	! Bugfix: move allocation of ref_state to parin.f90 and read_var_list.f90
223	!
224	! 1179 2013-06-14 05:57:58Z raasch
225	! allocate and set ref_state to be used in buoyancy terms
226	!
227	! 1171 2013-05-30 11:27:45Z raasch
228	! diss array is allocated with full size if accelerator boards are used
229	!
230	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
231	! -bc_lr_dirneu, bc_lr_neudir, bc_ns_dirneu, bc_ns_neudir
232	!
233	! 1153 2013-05-10 14:33:08Z raasch
234	! diss array is allocated with dummy elements even if it is not needed
235	! (required by PGI 13.4 / CUDA 5.0)
236	!
237	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
238	! unused variables removed
239	!
240	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
241	! openACC directive modified
242	!
243	! 1111 2013-03-08 23:54:10Z raasch
244	! openACC directives added for pres
245	! array diss allocated only if required
246	!
247	! 1092 2013-02-02 11:24:22Z raasch
248	! unused variables removed
249	!
250	! 1065 2012-11-22 17:42:36Z hoffmann
251	! allocation of diss (dissipation rate) in case of turbulence = .TRUE. added
252	!
253	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
254	! allocation and initialisation of necessary data arrays for the two-moment
255	! cloud physics scheme the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr):
256	! +dr, lambda_r, mu_r, sed_, xr, s, sws, swst, , _p, t_m, _1, _2, _3,
257	! +tend_*, prr
258	!
259	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
260	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
261	!
262	! 1032 2012-10-21 13:03:21Z letzel
263	! save memory by not allocating pt_2 in case of neutral = .T.
264	!
265	! 1025 2012-10-07 16:04:41Z letzel
266	! bugfix: swap indices of mask for ghost boundaries
267	!
268	! 1015 2012-09-27 09:23:24Z raasch
269	! mask is set to zero for ghost boundaries
270	!
271	! 1010 2012-09-20 07:59:54Z raasch
272	! cpp switch __nopointer added for pointer free version
273	!
274	! 1003 2012-09-14 14:35:53Z raasch
275	! nxra,nyna, nzta replaced ny nxr, nyn, nzt
276	!
277	! 1001 2012-09-13 14:08:46Z raasch
278	! all actions concerning leapfrog scheme removed
279	!
280	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
281	! little reformatting
282	!
283	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
284	! outflow damping layer removed
285	! roughness length for scalar quantites z0h added
286	! damping zone for the potential temperatur in case of non-cyclic lateral
287	! boundaries added
288	! initialization of ptdf_x, ptdf_y
289	! initialization of c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w_m, c_w_m_l
290	!
291	! 849 2012-03-15 10:35:09Z raasch
292	! init_particles renamed lpm_init
293	!
294	! 825 2012-02-19 03:03:44Z raasch
295	! wang_collision_kernel renamed wang_kernel
296	!
297	! Revision 1.1 1998/03/09 16:22:22 raasch
298	! Initial revision
299	!
300	!
301	! Description:
302	! ------------
303	!> Allocation of arrays and initialization of the 3D model via
304	!> a) pre-run the 1D model
305	!> or
306	!> b) pre-set constant linear profiles
307	!> or
308	!> c) read values of a previous run
309	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
310	SUBROUTINE init_3d_model
311
312
313	USE advec_ws
314
315	USE arrays_3d
316
317	USE constants, &
318	ONLY: pi
319
320	USE control_parameters
321
322	USE flight_mod, &
323	ONLY: flight_init
324
325	USE grid_variables, &
326	ONLY: dx, dy
327
328	USE indices
329
330	USE lpm_init_mod, &
331	ONLY: lpm_init
332
333	USE kinds
334
335	USE land_surface_model_mod, &
336	ONLY: lsm_init, lsm_init_arrays, land_surface
337
338	USE ls_forcing_mod
339
340	USE microphysics_mod, &
341	ONLY: collision_turbulence, microphysics_init
342
343	USE model_1d, &
344	ONLY: e1d, kh1d, km1d, l1d, rif1d, u1d, us1d, usws1d, v1d, vsws1d
345
346	USE netcdf_interface, &
347	ONLY: dots_max, dots_num
348
349	USE particle_attributes, &
350	ONLY: particle_advection, use_sgs_for_particles, wang_kernel
351
352	USE pegrid
353
354	USE plant_canopy_model_mod, &
355	ONLY: pcm_init, plant_canopy
356
357	USE radiation_model_mod, &
358	ONLY: radiation_init, radiation
359
360	USE random_function_mod
361
362	USE random_generator_parallel, &
363	ONLY: random_number_parallel, random_seed_parallel, random_dummy, &
364	id_random_array, seq_random_array
365
366	USE statistics, &
367	ONLY: hom, hom_sum, mean_surface_level_height, pr_palm, rmask, &
368	statistic_regions, sums, sums_divnew_l, sums_divold_l, sums_l, &
369	sums_l_l, sums_up_fraction_l, sums_wsts_bc_l, ts_value, &
370	weight_pres, weight_substep
371
372	USE surface_layer_fluxes_mod, &
373	ONLY: init_surface_layer_fluxes
374
375	USE transpose_indices
376
377	USE urban_surface_mod, &
378	ONLY: usm_init_urban_surface
379
380	USE wind_turbine_model_mod, &
381	ONLY: wtm_init, wtm_init_arrays, wind_turbine
382
383	IMPLICIT NONE
384
385	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
386	INTEGER(iwp) :: ind_array(1) !<
387	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
388	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
389	INTEGER(iwp) :: sr !<
390
391	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_l !<
392
393	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_outer_l !<
394	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_2dh_s_inner_l !<
395
396	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_area_l !<
397	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(1:3) :: volume_flow_initial_l !<
398
399	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: mean_surface_level_height_l !<
400	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_l !<
401	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: ngp_3d_inner_tmp !<
402
403
404	CALL location_message( 'allocating arrays', .FALSE. )
405	!
406	!-- Allocate arrays
407	ALLOCATE( mean_surface_level_height(0:statistic_regions), &
408	mean_surface_level_height_l(0:statistic_regions), &
409	ngp_2dh(0:statistic_regions), ngp_2dh_l(0:statistic_regions), &
410	ngp_3d(0:statistic_regions), &
411	ngp_3d_inner(0:statistic_regions), &
412	ngp_3d_inner_l(0:statistic_regions), &
413	ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0:statistic_regions), &
414	sums_divnew_l(0:statistic_regions), &
415	sums_divold_l(0:statistic_regions) )
416	ALLOCATE( dp_smooth_factor(nzb:nzt), rdf(nzb+1:nzt), rdf_sc(nzb+1:nzt) )
417	ALLOCATE( ngp_2dh_outer(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
418	ngp_2dh_outer_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
419	ngp_2dh_s_inner(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
420	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
421	rmask(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,0:statistic_regions), &
422	sums(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user), &
423	sums_l(nzb:nzt+1,pr_palm+max_pr_user,0:threads_per_task-1), &
424	sums_l_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions,0:threads_per_task-1), &
425	sums_up_fraction_l(10,3,0:statistic_regions), &
426	sums_wsts_bc_l(nzb:nzt+1,0:statistic_regions), &
427	ts_value(dots_max,0:statistic_regions) )
428	ALLOCATE( ptdf_x(nxlg:nxrg), ptdf_y(nysg:nyng) )
429
430	ALLOCATE( ol(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), shf(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
431	ts(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), tswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
432	us(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), usws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
433	uswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), vsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
434	vswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), z0(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
435	z0h(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), z0q(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
436
437	ALLOCATE( d(nzb+1:nzt,nys:nyn,nxl:nxr), &
438	kh(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
439	km(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
440	p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
441	tend(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
442
443	#if defined( __nopointer )
444	ALLOCATE( e(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
445	e_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
446	pt(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
447	pt_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
448	u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
449	u_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
450	v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
451	v_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
452	w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
453	w_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
454	te_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
455	tpt_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
456	tu_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
457	tv_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
458	tw_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
459	#else
460	ALLOCATE( e_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
461	e_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
462	e_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
463	pt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
464	pt_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
465	u_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
466	u_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
467	u_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
468	v_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
469	v_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
470	v_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
471	w_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
472	w_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
473	w_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
474	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
475	ALLOCATE( pt_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
476	ENDIF
477	#endif
478
479	!
480	!-- Following array is required for perturbation pressure within the iterative
481	!-- pressure solvers. For the multistep schemes (Runge-Kutta), array p holds
482	!-- the weighted average of the substeps and cannot be used in the Poisson
483	!-- solver.
484	IF ( psolver == 'sor' ) THEN
485	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
486	ELSEIF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' ) THEN
487	!
488	!-- For performance reasons, multigrid is using one ghost layer only
489	ALLOCATE( p_loc(nzb:nzt+1,nys-1:nyn+1,nxl-1:nxr+1) )
490	ENDIF
491
492	!
493	!-- Array for storing constant coeffficients of the tridiagonal solver
494	IF ( psolver == 'poisfft' ) THEN
495	ALLOCATE( tri(nxl_z:nxr_z,nys_z:nyn_z,0:nz-1,2) )
496	ALLOCATE( tric(nxl_z:nxr_z,nys_z:nyn_z,0:nz-1) )
497	ENDIF
498
499	IF ( humidity ) THEN
500	!
501	!-- 2D-humidity
502	ALLOCATE ( qs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
503	qsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
504	qswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
505
506	!
507	!-- 3D-humidity
508	#if defined( __nopointer )
509	ALLOCATE( q(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
510	q_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
511	tq_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
512	#else
513	ALLOCATE( q_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
514	q_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
515	q_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
516	#endif
517
518	!
519	!-- 3D-arrays needed for humidity
520	IF ( humidity ) THEN
521	#if defined( __nopointer )
522	ALLOCATE( vpt(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
523	#else
524	ALLOCATE( vpt_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
525	#endif
526
527	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
528
529	!
530	!-- Liquid water content
531	#if defined( __nopointer )
532	ALLOCATE ( ql(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
533	#else
534	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
535	#endif
536	!
537	!-- Precipitation amount and rate (only needed if output is switched)
538	ALLOCATE( precipitation_amount(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
539	precipitation_rate(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
540
541	!
542	!-- 3D-cloud water content
543	#if defined( __nopointer )
544	ALLOCATE( qc(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
545	#else
546	ALLOCATE( qc_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
547	#endif
548	!
549	!-- 3d-precipitation rate
550	ALLOCATE( prr(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
551
552	IF ( microphysics_seifert ) THEN
553	!
554	!-- 2D-rain water content and rain drop concentration arrays
555	ALLOCATE ( qrs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
556	qrsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
557	qrswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
558	nrs(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
559	nrsws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
560	nrswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
561	!
562	!-- 3D-rain water content, rain drop concentration arrays
563	#if defined( __nopointer )
564	ALLOCATE( nr(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
565	nr_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
566	qr(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
567	qr_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
568	tnr_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
569	tqr_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
570	#else
571	ALLOCATE( nr_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
572	nr_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
573	nr_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
574	qr_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
575	qr_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
576	qr_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
577	#endif
578	ENDIF
579
580	ENDIF
581
582	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
583	!
584	!-- Liquid water content, change in liquid water content
585	#if defined( __nopointer )
586	ALLOCATE ( ql(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
587	ql_c(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
588	#else
589	ALLOCATE ( ql_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
590	ql_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
591	#endif
592	!
593	!-- Real volume of particles (with weighting), volume of particles
594	ALLOCATE ( ql_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
595	ql_vp(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
596	ENDIF
597
598	ENDIF
599
600	ENDIF
601
602
603	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
604	!
605	!-- 2D-scalar arrays
606	ALLOCATE ( ss(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
607	ssws(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
608	sswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
609
610	!
611	!-- 3D scalar arrays
612	#if defined( __nopointer )
613	ALLOCATE( s(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
614	s_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
615	ts_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
616	#else
617	ALLOCATE( s_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
618	s_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
619	s_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
620	#endif
621	ENDIF
622
623	IF ( ocean ) THEN
624	ALLOCATE( saswsb(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
625	saswst(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
626	#if defined( __nopointer )
627	ALLOCATE( prho(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
628	rho_ocean(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
629	sa(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
630	sa_p(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
631	tsa_m(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
632	#else
633	ALLOCATE( prho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
634	rho_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
635	sa_1(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
636	sa_2(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg), &
637	sa_3(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
638	prho => prho_1
639	rho_ocean => rho_1 ! routines calc_mean_profile and diffusion_e require
640	! density to be apointer
641	#endif
642	IF ( humidity_remote ) THEN
643	ALLOCATE( qswst_remote(nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg))
644	qswst_remote = 0.0_wp
645	ENDIF
646	ENDIF
647
648	!
649	!-- 3D-array for storing the dissipation, needed for calculating the sgs
650	!-- particle velocities
651	IF ( use_sgs_for_particles .OR. wang_kernel .OR. collision_turbulence &
652	.OR. num_acc_per_node > 0 ) THEN
653	ALLOCATE( diss(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
654	ENDIF
655
656	!
657	!-- 1D-array for large scale subsidence velocity
658	IF ( .NOT. ALLOCATED( w_subs ) ) THEN
659	ALLOCATE ( w_subs(nzb:nzt+1) )
660	w_subs = 0.0_wp
661	ENDIF
662
663	!
664	!-- ID-array and state-space-array for the parallel random number generator
665	IF ( random_generator == 'random-parallel' ) THEN
666	ALLOCATE ( seq_random_array(5,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg) )
667	ALLOCATE ( id_random_array(0:ny,0:nx) )
668	seq_random_array = 0
669	id_random_array = 0
670	ENDIF
671
672	!
673	!-- 4D-array for storing the Rif-values at vertical walls
674	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
675	ALLOCATE( rif_wall(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nxlg:nxrg,1:4) )
676	rif_wall = 0.0_wp
677	ENDIF
678
679	!
680	!-- Arrays to store velocity data from t-dt and the phase speeds which
681	!-- are needed for radiation boundary conditions
682	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
683	ALLOCATE( u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,1:2), &
684	v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1), &
685	w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,0:1) )
686	ENDIF
687	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
688	ALLOCATE( u_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
689	v_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx), &
690	w_m_r(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng,nx-1:nx) )
691	ENDIF
692	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r ) THEN
693	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng), &
694	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nysg:nyng) )
695	ENDIF
696	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
697	ALLOCATE( u_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg), &
698	v_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,1:2,nxlg:nxrg), &
699	w_m_s(nzb:nzt+1,0:1,nxlg:nxrg) )
700	ENDIF
701	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
702	ALLOCATE( u_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
703	v_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg), &
704	w_m_n(nzb:nzt+1,ny-1:ny,nxlg:nxrg) )
705	ENDIF
706	IF ( outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
707	ALLOCATE( c_u(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), c_v(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg), &
708	c_w(nzb:nzt+1,nxlg:nxrg) )
709	ENDIF
710	IF ( outflow_l .OR. outflow_r .OR. outflow_s .OR. outflow_n ) THEN
711	ALLOCATE( c_u_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m_l(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m_l(nzb:nzt+1) )
712	ALLOCATE( c_u_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_v_m(nzb:nzt+1), c_w_m(nzb:nzt+1) )
713	ENDIF
714
715
716	#if ! defined( __nopointer )
717	!
718	!-- Initial assignment of the pointers
719	e => e_1; e_p => e_2; te_m => e_3
720	IF ( .NOT. neutral ) THEN
721	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_2; tpt_m => pt_3
722	ELSE
723	pt => pt_1; pt_p => pt_1; tpt_m => pt_3
724	ENDIF
725	u => u_1; u_p => u_2; tu_m => u_3
726	v => v_1; v_p => v_2; tv_m => v_3
727	w => w_1; w_p => w_2; tw_m => w_3
728
729	IF ( humidity ) THEN
730	q => q_1; q_p => q_2; tq_m => q_3
731	IF ( humidity ) THEN
732	vpt => vpt_1
733	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
734	ql => ql_1
735	qc => qc_1
736	IF ( microphysics_seifert ) THEN
737	qr => qr_1; qr_p => qr_2; tqr_m => qr_3
738	nr => nr_1; nr_p => nr_2; tnr_m => nr_3
739	ENDIF
740	ENDIF
741	ENDIF
742	IF ( cloud_droplets ) THEN
743	ql => ql_1
744	ql_c => ql_2
745	ENDIF
746	ENDIF
747
748	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
749	s => s_1; s_p => s_2; ts_m => s_3
750	ENDIF
751
752	IF ( ocean ) THEN
753	sa => sa_1; sa_p => sa_2; tsa_m => sa_3
754	ENDIF
755	#endif
756
757	!
758	!-- Allocate land surface model arrays
759	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
760	CALL lsm_init_arrays
761	ENDIF
762
763	!
764	!-- Allocate wind turbine model arrays
765	IF ( wind_turbine ) THEN
766	CALL wtm_init_arrays
767	ENDIF
768
769	!
770	!-- Initialize virtual flight measurements
771	IF ( virtual_flight ) THEN
772	CALL flight_init
773	ENDIF
774
775	!
776	!-- Allocate arrays containing the RK coefficient for calculation of
777	!-- perturbation pressure and turbulent fluxes. At this point values are
778	!-- set for pressure calculation during initialization (where no timestep
779	!-- is done). Further below the values needed within the timestep scheme
780	!-- will be set.
781	ALLOCATE( weight_substep(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max), &
782	weight_pres(1:intermediate_timestep_count_max) )
783	weight_substep = 1.0_wp
784	weight_pres = 1.0_wp
785	intermediate_timestep_count = 0 ! needed when simulated_time = 0.0
786
787	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
788
789	!
790	!-- Initialize local summation arrays for routine flow_statistics.
791	!-- This is necessary because they may not yet have been initialized when they
792	!-- are called from flow_statistics (or - depending on the chosen model run -
793	!-- are never initialized)
794	sums_divnew_l = 0.0_wp
795	sums_divold_l = 0.0_wp
796	sums_l_l = 0.0_wp
797	sums_up_fraction_l = 0.0_wp
798	sums_wsts_bc_l = 0.0_wp
799
800
801	!
802	!-- Initialize model variables
803	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
804	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
805	!
806	!-- First model run of a possible job queue.
807	!-- Initial profiles of the variables must be computes.
808	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'set_1d-model_profiles' ) /= 0 ) THEN
809
810	CALL location_message( 'initializing with 1D model profiles', .FALSE. )
811	!
812	!-- Use solutions of the 1D model as initial profiles,
813	!-- start 1D model
814	CALL init_1d_model
815	!
816	!-- Transfer initial profiles to the arrays of the 3D model
817	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
818	DO j = nysg, nyng
819	e(:,j,i) = e1d
820	kh(:,j,i) = kh1d
821	km(:,j,i) = km1d
822	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
823	u(:,j,i) = u1d
824	v(:,j,i) = v1d
825	ENDDO
826	ENDDO
827
828	IF ( humidity ) THEN
829	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
830	DO j = nysg, nyng
831	q(:,j,i) = q_init
832	ENDDO
833	ENDDO
834	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
835	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
836	DO j = nysg, nyng
837	qr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
838	nr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
839	ENDDO
840	ENDDO
841
842	ENDIF
843	ENDIF
844	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
845	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
846	DO j = nysg, nyng
847	s(:,j,i) = s_init
848	ENDDO
849	ENDDO
850	ENDIF
851
852	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
853	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
854	DO j = nysg, nyng
855	e(:,j,i) = e1d
856	ENDDO
857	ENDDO
858	!
859	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
860	hom(:,1,25,:) = SPREAD( l1d, 2, statistic_regions+1 )
861
862	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
863	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / ( rif1d(nzb+1) + 1.0E-20_wp )
864	ts = 0.0_wp ! could actually be computed more accurately in the
865	! 1D model. Update when opportunity arises.
866	us = us1d
867	usws = usws1d
868	vsws = vsws1d
869	ELSE
870	ts = 0.0_wp ! must be set, because used in
871	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / zeta_min ! flowste
872	us = 0.0_wp
873	usws = 0.0_wp
874	vsws = 0.0_wp
875	ENDIF
876
877	ELSE
878	e = 0.0_wp ! must be set, because used in
879	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / zeta_min ! flowste
880	ts = 0.0_wp
881	us = 0.0_wp
882	usws = 0.0_wp
883	vsws = 0.0_wp
884	ENDIF
885	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
886	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
887
888	!
889	!-- In every case qs = 0.0 (see also pt)
890	!-- This could actually be computed more accurately in the 1D model.
891	!-- Update when opportunity arises!
892	IF ( humidity ) THEN
893	qs = 0.0_wp
894	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
895	qrs = 0.0_wp
896	nrs = 0.0_wp
897	ENDIF
898	ENDIF
899	!
900	!-- Initialize scaling parameter for passive scalar
901	IF ( passive_scalar ) ss = 0.0_wp
902
903	!
904	!-- Inside buildings set velocities back to zero
905	IF ( topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
906	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
907	DO j = nysg, nyng
908	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
909	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
910	ENDDO
911	ENDDO
912
913	!
914	!-- WARNING: The extra boundary conditions set after running the
915	!-- ------- 1D model impose an error on the divergence one layer
916	!-- below the topography; need to correct later
917	!-- ATTENTION: Provisional correction for Piacsek & Williams
918	!-- --------- advection scheme: keep u and v zero one layer below
919	!-- the topography.
920	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
921	!
922	!-- Neumann condition
923	DO i = nxl-1, nxr+1
924	DO j = nys-1, nyn+1
925	IF ( nzb_u_inner(j,i) == 0 ) u(0,j,i) = u(1,j,i)
926	IF ( nzb_v_inner(j,i) == 0 ) v(0,j,i) = v(1,j,i)
927	ENDDO
928	ENDDO
929
930	ENDIF
931
932	ENDIF
933
934	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
935
936	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'set_constant_profiles') /= 0 ) &
937	THEN
938
939	CALL location_message( 'initializing with constant profiles', .FALSE. )
940	!
941	!-- Overwrite initial profiles in case of nudging
942	IF ( nudging ) THEN
943	pt_init = ptnudge(:,1)
944	u_init = unudge(:,1)
945	v_init = vnudge(:,1)
946	IF ( humidity ) THEN ! is passive_scalar correct???
947	q_init = qnudge(:,1)
948	ENDIF
949
950	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'Initial profiles of u, v and ', &
951	'scalars from NUDGING_DATA are used.'
952	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0370', 0, 0, 0, 6, 0 )
953	ENDIF
954
955	!
956	!-- Use constructed initial profiles (velocity constant with height,
957	!-- temperature profile with constant gradient)
958	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
959	DO j = nysg, nyng
960	pt(:,j,i) = pt_init
961	u(:,j,i) = u_init
962	v(:,j,i) = v_init
963	ENDDO
964	ENDDO
965
966	!
967	!-- Set initial horizontal velocities at the lowest computational grid
968	!-- levels to zero in order to avoid too small time steps caused by the
969	!-- diffusion limit in the initial phase of a run (at k=1, dz/2 occurs
970	!-- in the limiting formula!).
971	IF ( ibc_uv_b /= 1 ) THEN
972	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
973	DO j = nysg, nyng
974	u(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
975	v(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i)+1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
976	ENDDO
977	ENDDO
978	ENDIF
979
980	IF ( humidity ) THEN
981	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
982	DO j = nysg, nyng
983	q(:,j,i) = q_init
984	ENDDO
985	ENDDO
986	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
987
988	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
989	DO j = nysg, nyng
990	qr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
991	nr(:,j,i) = 0.0_wp
992	ENDDO
993	ENDDO
994
995	ENDIF
996	ENDIF
997
998	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
999	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1000	DO j = nysg, nyng
1001	s(:,j,i) = s_init
1002	ENDDO
1003	ENDDO
1004	ENDIF
1005
1006	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1007	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1008	DO j = nysg, nyng
1009	sa(:,j,i) = sa_init
1010	ENDDO
1011	ENDDO
1012	ENDIF
1013
1014	IF ( constant_diffusion ) THEN
1015	km = km_constant
1016	kh = km / prandtl_number
1017	e = 0.0_wp
1018	ELSEIF ( e_init > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1019	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1020	km(k,:,:) = 0.1_wp * l_grid(k) * SQRT( e_init )
1021	ENDDO
1022	km(nzb,:,:) = km(nzb+1,:,:)
1023	km(nzt+1,:,:) = km(nzt,:,:)
1024	kh = km / prandtl_number
1025	e = e_init
1026	ELSE
1027	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
1028	kh = 0.01_wp ! there must exist an initial diffusion, because
1029	km = 0.01_wp ! otherwise no TKE would be produced by the
1030	! production terms, as long as not yet
1031	! e = (u/cm)*2 at k=nzb+1
1032	ELSE
1033	kh = 0.00001_wp
1034	km = 0.00001_wp
1035	ENDIF
1036	e = 0.0_wp
1037	ENDIF
1038	ol = ( zu(nzb+1) - zw(nzb) ) / zeta_min
1039	ts = 0.0_wp
1040	!
1041	!-- Very small number is required for calculation of Obukhov length
1042	!-- at first timestep
1043	us = 1E-30_wp
1044	usws = 0.0_wp
1045	uswst = top_momentumflux_u
1046	vsws = 0.0_wp
1047	vswst = top_momentumflux_v
1048	IF ( humidity ) qs = 0.0_wp
1049	IF ( passive_scalar ) ss = 0.0_wp
1050
1051	!
1052	!-- Compute initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1053	!-- of a sloping surface
1054	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1055
1056	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1057
1058	ELSEIF ( INDEX(initializing_actions, 'by_user') /= 0 ) &
1059	THEN
1060
1061	CALL location_message( 'initializing by user', .FALSE. )
1062	!
1063	!-- Initialization will completely be done by the user
1064	CALL user_init_3d_model
1065
1066	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1067
1068	ENDIF
1069
1070	CALL location_message( 'initializing statistics, boundary conditions, etc.', &
1071	.FALSE. )
1072
1073	!
1074	!-- Bottom boundary
1075	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2 ) THEN
1076	u(nzb,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1077	v(nzb,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1078	ENDIF
1079
1080	!
1081	!-- Apply channel flow boundary condition
1082	IF ( TRIM( bc_uv_t ) == 'dirichlet_0' ) THEN
1083	u(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1084	v(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1085	ENDIF
1086
1087	!
1088	!-- Calculate virtual potential temperature
1089	IF ( humidity ) vpt = pt * ( 1.0_wp + 0.61_wp * q )
1090
1091	!
1092	!-- Store initial profiles for output purposes etc.
1093	hom(:,1,5,:) = SPREAD( u(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1094	hom(:,1,6,:) = SPREAD( v(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1095	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 .OR. ibc_uv_b == 2) THEN
1096	hom(nzb,1,5,:) = 0.0_wp
1097	hom(nzb,1,6,:) = 0.0_wp
1098	ENDIF
1099	hom(:,1,7,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1100	hom(:,1,23,:) = SPREAD( km(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1101	hom(:,1,24,:) = SPREAD( kh(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1102
1103	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1104	!
1105	!-- Store initial salinity profile
1106	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( sa(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1107	ENDIF
1108
1109	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1110	!
1111	!-- Store initial profile of total water content, virtual potential
1112	!-- temperature
1113	hom(:,1,26,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1114	hom(:,1,29,:) = SPREAD( vpt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1115	IF ( cloud_physics .OR. cloud_droplets ) THEN
1116	!
1117	!-- Store initial profile of specific humidity and potential
1118	!-- temperature
1119	hom(:,1,27,:) = SPREAD( q(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1120	hom(:,1,28,:) = SPREAD( pt(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1121	ENDIF
1122	ENDIF
1123
1124	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1125	!
1126	!-- Store initial scalar profile
1127	hom(:,1,115,:) = SPREAD( s(:,nys,nxl), 2, statistic_regions+1 )
1128	ENDIF
1129
1130	!
1131	!-- Initialize the random number generators (from numerical recipes)
1132	CALL random_function_ini
1133
1134	IF ( random_generator == 'random-parallel' ) THEN
1135	!-- Asigning an ID to every vertical gridpoint column
1136	!-- dependig on the ensemble run number.
1137	random_dummy=1
1138	DO j=0,ny
1139	DO i=0,nx
1140	id_random_array(j,i) = random_dummy + 1E6 &
1141	* ( ensemble_member_nr - 1000 )
1142	random_dummy = random_dummy + 1
1143	END DO
1144	ENDDO
1145	!-- Initializing with random_seed_parallel for every vertical
1146	!-- gridpoint column.
1147	random_dummy=0
1148	DO j = nysg, nyng
1149	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1150	CALL random_seed_parallel (random_sequence=id_random_array(j, i))
1151	CALL random_number_parallel (random_dummy)
1152	CALL random_seed_parallel (get=seq_random_array(:, j, i))
1153	END DO
1154	ENDDO
1155	ENDIF
1156
1157	!
1158	!-- Initialize fluxes at bottom surface
1159	IF ( use_surface_fluxes ) THEN
1160
1161	IF ( constant_heatflux ) THEN
1162	!
1163	!-- Heat flux is prescribed
1164	IF ( random_heatflux ) THEN
1165	CALL disturb_heatflux
1166	ELSE
1167	shf = surface_heatflux
1168	!
1169	!-- Initialize shf with data from external file LSF_DATA
1170	IF ( large_scale_forcing .AND. lsf_surf ) THEN
1171	CALL ls_forcing_surf ( simulated_time )
1172	ENDIF
1173
1174	!
1175	!-- Over topography surface_heatflux is replaced by wall_heatflux(0)
1176	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1177	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1178	DO j = nysg, nyng
1179	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
1180	shf(j,i) = wall_heatflux(0)
1181	ENDIF
1182	ENDDO
1183	ENDDO
1184	ENDIF
1185	ENDIF
1186	ENDIF
1187
1188	!
1189	!-- Determine the near-surface water flux
1190	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1191	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1192	qrsws = 0.0_wp
1193	nrsws = 0.0_wp
1194	ENDIF
1195	IF ( constant_waterflux ) THEN
1196	qsws = surface_waterflux
1197	!
1198	!-- Over topography surface_waterflux is replaced by
1199	!-- wall_humidityflux(0)
1200	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1201	wall_qflux = wall_humidityflux
1202	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1203	DO j = nysg, nyng
1204	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) THEN
1205	qsws(j,i) = wall_qflux(0)
1206	ENDIF
1207	ENDDO
1208	ENDDO
1209	ENDIF
1210	ENDIF
1211	ENDIF
1212	!
1213	!-- Initialize the near-surface scalar flux
1214	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1215	IF ( constant_scalarflux ) THEN
1216	ssws = surface_scalarflux
1217	!
1218	!-- Over topography surface_scalarflux is replaced by
1219	!-- wall_scalarflux(0)
1220	IF ( TRIM( topography ) /= 'flat' ) THEN
1221	wall_sflux = wall_scalarflux
1222	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1223	DO j = nysg, nyng
1224	IF ( nzb_s_inner(j,i) /= 0 ) ssws(j,i) = wall_sflux(0)
1225	ENDDO
1226	ENDDO
1227	ENDIF
1228	ENDIF
1229	ENDIF
1230	!
1231	!-- Initialize near-surface salinity flux
1232	IF ( ocean ) saswsb = bottom_salinityflux
1233
1234	ENDIF
1235
1236	!
1237	!-- Initialize fluxes at top surface
1238	!-- Currently, only the heatflux and salinity flux can be prescribed.
1239	!-- The latent flux is zero in this case!
1240	IF ( use_top_fluxes ) THEN
1241	!
1242	!-- Prescribe to heat flux
1243	IF ( constant_top_heatflux ) tswst = top_heatflux
1244	!
1245	!-- Prescribe zero latent flux at the top
1246	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1247	qswst = 0.0_wp
1248	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1249	nrswst = 0.0_wp
1250	qrswst = 0.0_wp
1251	ENDIF
1252	ENDIF
1253	!
1254	!-- Prescribe top scalar flux
1255	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. constant_top_scalarflux ) &
1256	sswst = top_scalarflux
1257	!
1258	!-- Prescribe top salinity flux
1259	IF ( ocean .AND. constant_top_salinityflux) &
1260	saswst = top_salinityflux
1261	!
1262	!-- Initialization in case of a coupled model run
1263	IF ( coupling_mode == 'ocean_to_atmosphere' ) THEN
1264	tswst = 0.0_wp
1265	ENDIF
1266
1267	ENDIF
1268
1269	!
1270	!-- Initialize Prandtl layer quantities
1271	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
1272
1273	z0 = roughness_length
1274	z0h = z0h_factor * z0
1275	z0q = z0h_factor * z0
1276
1277	IF ( .NOT. constant_heatflux ) THEN
1278	!
1279	!-- Surface temperature is prescribed. Here the heat flux cannot be
1280	!-- simply estimated, because therefore ol, u* and theta* would have
1281	!-- to be computed by iteration. This is why the heat flux is assumed
1282	!-- to be zero before the first time step. It approaches its correct
1283	!-- value in the course of the first few time steps.
1284	shf = 0.0_wp
1285	ENDIF
1286
1287	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1288	IF ( .NOT. constant_waterflux ) qsws = 0.0_wp
1289	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1290	qrsws = 0.0_wp
1291	nrsws = 0.0_wp
1292	ENDIF
1293	ENDIF
1294	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. .NOT. constant_scalarflux ) ssws = 0.0_wp
1295
1296	ENDIF
1297
1298	!
1299	!-- Set the reference state to be used in the buoyancy terms (for ocean runs
1300	!-- the reference state will be set (overwritten) in init_ocean)
1301	IF ( use_single_reference_value ) THEN
1302	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1303	ref_state(:) = pt_reference
1304	ELSE
1305	ref_state(:) = vpt_reference
1306	ENDIF
1307	ELSE
1308	IF ( .NOT. humidity ) THEN
1309	ref_state(:) = pt_init(:)
1310	ELSE
1311	ref_state(:) = vpt(:,nys,nxl)
1312	ENDIF
1313	ENDIF
1314
1315	!
1316	!-- For the moment, vertical velocity is zero
1317	w = 0.0_wp
1318
1319	!
1320	!-- Initialize array sums (must be defined in first call of pres)
1321	sums = 0.0_wp
1322
1323	!
1324	!-- In case of iterative solvers, p must get an initial value
1325	IF ( psolver(1:9) == 'multigrid' .OR. psolver == 'sor' ) p = 0.0_wp
1326
1327	!
1328	!-- Treating cloud physics, liquid water content and precipitation amount
1329	!-- are zero at beginning of the simulation
1330	IF ( cloud_physics ) THEN
1331	ql = 0.0_wp
1332	qc = 0.0_wp
1333
1334	precipitation_amount = 0.0_wp
1335	ENDIF
1336	!
1337	!-- Impose vortex with vertical axis on the initial velocity profile
1338	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_vortex' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1339	CALL init_rankine
1340	ENDIF
1341
1342	!
1343	!-- Impose temperature anomaly (advection test only)
1344	IF ( INDEX( initializing_actions, 'initialize_ptanom' ) /= 0 ) THEN
1345	CALL init_pt_anomaly
1346	ENDIF
1347
1348	!
1349	!-- If required, change the surface temperature at the start of the 3D run
1350	IF ( pt_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1351	pt(nzb,:,:) = pt(nzb,:,:) + pt_surface_initial_change
1352	ENDIF
1353
1354	!
1355	!-- If required, change the surface humidity/scalar at the start of the 3D
1356	!-- run
1357	IF ( humidity .AND. q_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) &
1358	q(nzb,:,:) = q(nzb,:,:) + q_surface_initial_change
1359
1360	IF ( passive_scalar .AND. s_surface_initial_change /= 0.0_wp ) &
1361	s(nzb,:,:) = s(nzb,:,:) + s_surface_initial_change
1362
1363
1364	!
1365	!-- Initialize old and new time levels.
1366	te_m = 0.0_wp; tpt_m = 0.0_wp; tu_m = 0.0_wp; tv_m = 0.0_wp; tw_m = 0.0_wp
1367	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1368
1369	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1370	tq_m = 0.0_wp
1371	q_p = q
1372	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1373	tqr_m = 0.0_wp
1374	qr_p = qr
1375	tnr_m = 0.0_wp
1376	nr_p = nr
1377	ENDIF
1378	ENDIF
1379
1380	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
1381	ts_m = 0.0_wp
1382	s_p = s
1383	ENDIF
1384
1385	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1386	tsa_m = 0.0_wp
1387	sa_p = sa
1388	ENDIF
1389
1390	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1391
1392	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'read_restart_data' .OR. &
1393	TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) &
1394	THEN
1395
1396	CALL location_message( 'initializing in case of restart / cyclic_fill', &
1397	.FALSE. )
1398	!
1399	!-- When reading data for cyclic fill of 3D prerun data files, read
1400	!-- some of the global variables from the restart file which are required
1401	!-- for initializing the inflow
1402	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1403
1404	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
1405	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
1406	CALL read_parts_of_var_list
1407	CALL close_file( 13 )
1408	ENDIF
1409	#if defined( __parallel )
1410	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1411	#endif
1412	ENDDO
1413
1414	ENDIF
1415
1416	!
1417	!-- Read binary data from restart file
1418	DO i = 0, io_blocks-1
1419	IF ( i == io_group ) THEN
1420	CALL read_3d_binary
1421	ENDIF
1422	#if defined( __parallel )
1423	CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
1424	#endif
1425	ENDDO
1426
1427	!
1428	!-- Initialization of the turbulence recycling method
1429	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1430	turbulent_inflow ) THEN
1431	!
1432	!-- First store the profiles to be used at the inflow.
1433	!-- These profiles are the (temporally) and horizontally averaged vertical
1434	!-- profiles from the prerun. Alternatively, prescribed profiles
1435	!-- for u,v-components can be used.
1436	ALLOCATE( mean_inflow_profiles(nzb:nzt+1,7) )
1437
1438	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1439	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = u_init ! u
1440	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = v_init ! v
1441	ELSE
1442	mean_inflow_profiles(:,1) = hom_sum(:,1,0) ! u
1443	mean_inflow_profiles(:,2) = hom_sum(:,2,0) ! v
1444	ENDIF
1445	mean_inflow_profiles(:,4) = hom_sum(:,4,0) ! pt
1446	mean_inflow_profiles(:,5) = hom_sum(:,8,0) ! e
1447	IF ( humidity ) &
1448	mean_inflow_profiles(:,6) = hom_sum(:,41,0) ! q
1449	IF ( passive_scalar ) &
1450	mean_inflow_profiles(:,7) = hom_sum(:,115,0) ! s
1451
1452	!
1453	!-- If necessary, adjust the horizontal flow field to the prescribed
1454	!-- profiles
1455	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1456	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1457	DO j = nysg, nyng
1458	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1459	u(k,j,i) = u(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,1,0) + u_init(k)
1460	v(k,j,i) = v(k,j,i) - hom_sum(k,2,0) + v_init(k)
1461	ENDDO
1462	ENDDO
1463	ENDDO
1464	ENDIF
1465
1466	!
1467	!-- Use these mean profiles at the inflow (provided that Dirichlet
1468	!-- conditions are used)
1469	IF ( inflow_l ) THEN
1470	DO j = nysg, nyng
1471	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1472	u(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,1)
1473	v(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,2)
1474	w(k,j,nxlg:-1) = 0.0_wp
1475	pt(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,4)
1476	e(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,5)
1477	IF ( humidity ) &
1478	q(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,6)
1479	IF ( passive_scalar ) &
1480	s(k,j,nxlg:-1) = mean_inflow_profiles(k,7)
1481	ENDDO
1482	ENDDO
1483	ENDIF
1484
1485	!
1486	!-- Calculate the damping factors to be used at the inflow. For a
1487	!-- turbulent inflow the turbulent fluctuations have to be limited
1488	!-- vertically because otherwise the turbulent inflow layer will grow
1489	!-- in time.
1490	IF ( inflow_damping_height == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1491	!
1492	!-- Default: use the inversion height calculated by the prerun; if
1493	!-- this is zero, inflow_damping_height must be explicitly
1494	!-- specified.
1495	IF ( hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0) /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1496	inflow_damping_height = hom_sum(nzb+6,pr_palm,0)
1497	ELSE
1498	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'inflow_damping_height must be ', &
1499	'explicitly specified because&the inversion height ', &
1500	'calculated by the prerun is zero.'
1501	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0318', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1502	ENDIF
1503
1504	ENDIF
1505
1506	IF ( inflow_damping_width == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
1507	!
1508	!-- Default for the transition range: one tenth of the undamped
1509	!-- layer
1510	inflow_damping_width = 0.1_wp * inflow_damping_height
1511
1512	ENDIF
1513
1514	ALLOCATE( inflow_damping_factor(nzb:nzt+1) )
1515
1516	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
1517
1518	IF ( zu(k) <= inflow_damping_height ) THEN
1519	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0_wp
1520	ELSEIF ( zu(k) <= ( inflow_damping_height + inflow_damping_width ) ) THEN
1521	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 1.0_wp - &
1522	( zu(k) - inflow_damping_height ) / &
1523	inflow_damping_width
1524	ELSE
1525	inflow_damping_factor(k) = 0.0_wp
1526	ENDIF
1527
1528	ENDDO
1529
1530	ENDIF
1531
1532	!
1533	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero
1534	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' .AND. &
1535	topography /= 'flat' ) THEN
1536	!
1537	!-- Inside buildings set velocities and TKE back to zero.
1538	!-- Other scalars (pt, q, s, km, kh, p, sa, ...) are ignored at present,
1539	!-- maybe revise later.
1540	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1541	DO j = nysg, nyng
1542	u (nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1543	v (nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1544	w (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1545	e (nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1546	tu_m(nzb:nzb_u_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1547	tv_m(nzb:nzb_v_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1548	tw_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1549	te_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1550	tpt_m(nzb:nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
1551	ENDDO
1552	ENDDO
1553
1554	ENDIF
1555
1556	!
1557	!-- Calculate initial temperature field and other constants used in case
1558	!-- of a sloping surface
1559	IF ( sloping_surface ) CALL init_slope
1560
1561	!
1562	!-- Initialize new time levels (only done in order to set boundary values
1563	!-- including ghost points)
1564	e_p = e; pt_p = pt; u_p = u; v_p = v; w_p = w
1565	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1566	q_p = q
1567	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1568	qr_p = qr
1569	nr_p = nr
1570	ENDIF
1571	ENDIF
1572	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p = s
1573	IF ( ocean ) sa_p = sa
1574
1575	!
1576	!-- Allthough tendency arrays are set in prognostic_equations, they have
1577	!-- have to be predefined here because they are used (but multiplied with 0)
1578	!-- there before they are set.
1579	te_m = 0.0_wp; tpt_m = 0.0_wp; tu_m = 0.0_wp; tv_m = 0.0_wp; tw_m = 0.0_wp
1580	IF ( humidity ) THEN
1581	tq_m = 0.0_wp
1582	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
1583	tqr_m = 0.0_wp
1584	tnr_m = 0.0_wp
1585	ENDIF
1586	ENDIF
1587	IF ( passive_scalar ) ts_m = 0.0_wp
1588	IF ( ocean ) tsa_m = 0.0_wp
1589
1590	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1591
1592	ELSE
1593	!
1594	!-- Actually this part of the programm should not be reached
1595	message_string = 'unknown initializing problem'
1596	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0193', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1597	ENDIF
1598
1599
1600	IF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1601	!
1602	!-- Initialize old timelevels needed for radiation boundary conditions
1603	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
1604	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1605	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1606	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1607	ENDIF
1608	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
1609	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1610	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1611	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1612	ENDIF
1613	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
1614	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
1615	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
1616	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
1617	ENDIF
1618	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
1619	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1620	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1621	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1622	ENDIF
1623
1624	ENDIF
1625
1626	!
1627	!-- Calculate the initial volume flow at the right and north boundary
1628	IF ( conserve_volume_flow ) THEN
1629
1630	IF ( use_prescribed_profile_data ) THEN
1631
1632	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1633	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1634
1635	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1636	DO j = nys, nyn
1637	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,nx)+1, nzt
1638	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1639	u_init(k) * dzw(k)
1640	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1641	ENDDO
1642	ENDDO
1643	ENDIF
1644
1645	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1646	DO i = nxl, nxr
1647	DO k = nzb_v_inner(ny,i)+1, nzt
1648	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1649	v_init(k) * dzw(k)
1650	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1651	ENDDO
1652	ENDDO
1653	ENDIF
1654
1655	#if defined( __parallel )
1656	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1657	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1658	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1659	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1660
1661	#else
1662	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1663	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1664	#endif
1665
1666	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) == 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1667
1668	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1669	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1670
1671	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1672	DO j = nys, nyn
1673	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,nx)+1, nzt
1674	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1675	hom_sum(k,1,0) * dzw(k)
1676	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1677	ENDDO
1678	ENDDO
1679	ENDIF
1680
1681	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1682	DO i = nxl, nxr
1683	DO k = nzb_v_inner(ny,i)+1, nzt
1684	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1685	hom_sum(k,2,0) * dzw(k)
1686	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1687	ENDDO
1688	ENDDO
1689	ENDIF
1690
1691	#if defined( __parallel )
1692	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1693	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1694	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1695	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1696
1697	#else
1698	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1699	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1700	#endif
1701
1702	ELSEIF ( TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' ) THEN
1703
1704	volume_flow_initial_l = 0.0_wp
1705	volume_flow_area_l = 0.0_wp
1706
1707	IF ( nxr == nx ) THEN
1708	DO j = nys, nyn
1709	DO k = nzb_u_inner(j,nx)+1, nzt
1710	volume_flow_initial_l(1) = volume_flow_initial_l(1) + &
1711	u(k,j,nx) * dzw(k)
1712	volume_flow_area_l(1) = volume_flow_area_l(1) + dzw(k)
1713	ENDDO
1714	ENDDO
1715	ENDIF
1716
1717	IF ( nyn == ny ) THEN
1718	DO i = nxl, nxr
1719	DO k = nzb_v_inner(ny,i)+1, nzt
1720	volume_flow_initial_l(2) = volume_flow_initial_l(2) + &
1721	v(k,ny,i) * dzw(k)
1722	volume_flow_area_l(2) = volume_flow_area_l(2) + dzw(k)
1723	ENDDO
1724	ENDDO
1725	ENDIF
1726
1727	#if defined( __parallel )
1728	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_initial_l(1), volume_flow_initial(1),&
1729	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1730	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_flow_area_l(1), volume_flow_area(1), &
1731	2, MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
1732
1733	#else
1734	volume_flow_initial = volume_flow_initial_l
1735	volume_flow_area = volume_flow_area_l
1736	#endif
1737
1738	ENDIF
1739
1740	!
1741	!-- In case of 'bulk_velocity' mode, volume_flow_initial is calculated
1742	!-- from u\|v_bulk instead
1743	IF ( TRIM( conserve_volume_flow_mode ) == 'bulk_velocity' ) THEN
1744	volume_flow_initial(1) = u_bulk * volume_flow_area(1)
1745	volume_flow_initial(2) = v_bulk * volume_flow_area(2)
1746	ENDIF
1747
1748	ENDIF
1749
1750	!
1751	!-- Initialize quantities for special advections schemes
1752	CALL init_advec
1753
1754	!
1755	!-- Impose random perturbation on the horizontal velocity field and then
1756	!-- remove the divergences from the velocity field at the initial stage
1757	IF ( create_disturbances .AND. disturbance_energy_limit /= 0.0_wp .AND. &
1758	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'read_restart_data' .AND. &
1759	TRIM( initializing_actions ) /= 'cyclic_fill' ) THEN
1760
1761	CALL location_message( 'creating initial disturbances', .FALSE. )
1762	CALL disturb_field( nzb_u_inner, tend, u )
1763	CALL disturb_field( nzb_v_inner, tend, v )
1764	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1765
1766	CALL location_message( 'calling pressure solver', .FALSE. )
1767	n_sor = nsor_ini
1768	!$acc data copyin( d, ddzu, ddzw, nzb_s_inner, nzb_u_inner ) &
1769	!$acc copyin( nzb_v_inner, nzb_w_inner, p, rflags_s_inner, tend ) &
1770	!$acc copyin( weight_pres, weight_substep ) &
1771	!$acc copy( tri, tric, u, v, w )
1772	CALL pres
1773	!$acc end data
1774	n_sor = nsor
1775	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1776
1777	ENDIF
1778
1779	!
1780	!-- If required, initialize quantities needed for the plant canopy model
1781	IF ( plant_canopy ) THEN
1782	CALL location_message( 'initializing plant canopy model', .FALSE. )
1783	CALL pcm_init
1784	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1785	ENDIF
1786
1787	!
1788	!-- If required, initialize dvrp-software
1789	IF ( dt_dvrp /= 9999999.9_wp ) CALL init_dvrp
1790
1791	IF ( ocean ) THEN
1792	!
1793	!-- Initialize quantities needed for the ocean model
1794	CALL init_ocean
1795
1796	ELSE
1797	!
1798	!-- Initialize quantities for handling cloud physics
1799	!-- This routine must be called before lpm_init, because
1800	!-- otherwise, array pt_d_t, needed in data_output_dvrp (called by
1801	!-- lpm_init) is not defined.
1802	CALL init_cloud_physics
1803	!
1804	!-- Initialize bulk cloud microphysics
1805	CALL microphysics_init
1806	ENDIF
1807
1808	!
1809	!-- If required, initialize particles
1810	IF ( particle_advection ) CALL lpm_init
1811
1812	!
1813	!-- If required, initialize quantities needed for the LSM
1814	IF ( land_surface ) THEN
1815	CALL location_message( 'initializing land surface model', .FALSE. )
1816	CALL lsm_init
1817	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1818	ENDIF
1819
1820	!
1821	!-- Initialize surface layer (done after LSM as roughness length are required
1822	!-- for initialization
1823	IF ( constant_flux_layer ) THEN
1824	CALL location_message( 'initializing surface layer', .FALSE. )
1825	CALL init_surface_layer_fluxes
1826	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1827	ENDIF
1828
1829	!
1830	!-- If required, initialize radiation model
1831	IF ( radiation ) THEN
1832	CALL location_message( 'initializing radiation model', .FALSE. )
1833	CALL radiation_init
1834	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1835	ENDIF
1836
1837	!
1838	!-- If required, initialize urban surface model
1839	IF ( urban_surface ) THEN
1840	CALL location_message( 'initializing urban surface model', .FALSE. )
1841	CALL usm_init_urban_surface
1842	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1843	ENDIF
1844
1845	!
1846	!-- If required, initialize quantities needed for the wind turbine model
1847	IF ( wind_turbine ) THEN
1848	CALL location_message( 'initializing wind turbine model', .FALSE. )
1849	CALL wtm_init
1850	CALL location_message( 'finished', .TRUE. )
1851	ENDIF
1852
1853
1854	!
1855	!-- Initialize the ws-scheme.
1856	IF ( ws_scheme_sca .OR. ws_scheme_mom ) CALL ws_init
1857
1858	!
1859	!-- Setting weighting factors for calculation of perturbation pressure
1860	!-- and turbulent quantities from the RK substeps
1861	IF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-3' ) THEN ! for RK3-method
1862
1863	weight_substep(1) = 1._wp/6._wp
1864	weight_substep(2) = 3._wp/10._wp
1865	weight_substep(3) = 8._wp/15._wp
1866
1867	weight_pres(1) = 1._wp/3._wp
1868	weight_pres(2) = 5._wp/12._wp
1869	weight_pres(3) = 1._wp/4._wp
1870
1871	ELSEIF ( TRIM(timestep_scheme) == 'runge-kutta-2' ) THEN ! for RK2-method
1872
1873	weight_substep(1) = 1._wp/2._wp
1874	weight_substep(2) = 1._wp/2._wp
1875
1876	weight_pres(1) = 1._wp/2._wp
1877	weight_pres(2) = 1._wp/2._wp
1878
1879	ELSE ! for Euler-method
1880
1881	weight_substep(1) = 1.0_wp
1882	weight_pres(1) = 1.0_wp
1883
1884	ENDIF
1885
1886	!
1887	!-- Initialize Rayleigh damping factors
1888	rdf = 0.0_wp
1889	rdf_sc = 0.0_wp
1890	IF ( rayleigh_damping_factor /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1891	IF ( .NOT. ocean ) THEN
1892	DO k = nzb+1, nzt
1893	IF ( zu(k) >= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1894	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1895	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( zu(k) - rayleigh_damping_height ) &
1896	/ ( zu(nzt) - rayleigh_damping_height ) ) &
1897	)**2
1898	ENDIF
1899	ENDDO
1900	ELSE
1901	DO k = nzt, nzb+1, -1
1902	IF ( zu(k) <= rayleigh_damping_height ) THEN
1903	rdf(k) = rayleigh_damping_factor * &
1904	( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(k) ) &
1905	/ ( rayleigh_damping_height - zu(nzb+1) ) ) &
1906	)**2
1907	ENDIF
1908	ENDDO
1909	ENDIF
1910	ENDIF
1911	IF ( scalar_rayleigh_damping ) rdf_sc = rdf
1912
1913	!
1914	!-- Initialize the starting level and the vertical smoothing factor used for
1915	!-- the external pressure gradient
1916	dp_smooth_factor = 1.0_wp
1917	IF ( dp_external ) THEN
1918	!
1919	!-- Set the starting level dp_level_ind_b only if it has not been set before
1920	!-- (e.g. in init_grid).
1921	IF ( dp_level_ind_b == 0 ) THEN
1922	ind_array = MINLOC( ABS( dp_level_b - zu ) )
1923	dp_level_ind_b = ind_array(1) - 1 + nzb
1924	! MINLOC uses lower array bound 1
1925	ENDIF
1926	IF ( dp_smooth ) THEN
1927	dp_smooth_factor(:dp_level_ind_b) = 0.0_wp
1928	DO k = dp_level_ind_b+1, nzt
1929	dp_smooth_factor(k) = 0.5_wp * ( 1.0_wp + SIN( pi * &
1930	( REAL( k - dp_level_ind_b, KIND=wp ) / &
1931	REAL( nzt - dp_level_ind_b, KIND=wp ) - 0.5_wp ) ) )
1932	ENDDO
1933	ENDIF
1934	ENDIF
1935
1936	!
1937	!-- Initialize damping zone for the potential temperature in case of
1938	!-- non-cyclic lateral boundaries. The damping zone has the maximum value
1939	!-- at the inflow boundary and decreases to zero at pt_damping_width.
1940	ptdf_x = 0.0_wp
1941	ptdf_y = 0.0_wp
1942	IF ( bc_lr_dirrad ) THEN
1943	DO i = nxl, nxr
1944	IF ( ( i * dx ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
1945	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * ( SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1946	REAL( pt_damping_width - i * dx, KIND=wp ) / ( &
1947	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) ) ) )**2
1948	ENDIF
1949	ENDDO
1950	ELSEIF ( bc_lr_raddir ) THEN
1951	DO i = nxl, nxr
1952	IF ( ( i * dx ) > ( nx * dx - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
1953	ptdf_x(i) = pt_damping_factor * &
1954	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1955	( ( i - nx ) * dx + pt_damping_width ) / &
1956	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
1957	ENDIF
1958	ENDDO
1959	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_dirrad ) THEN
1960	DO j = nys, nyn
1961	IF ( ( j * dy ) > ( ny * dy - pt_damping_width ) ) THEN
1962	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
1963	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1964	( ( j - ny ) * dy + pt_damping_width ) / &
1965	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
1966	ENDIF
1967	ENDDO
1968	ELSEIF ( bc_ns_raddir ) THEN
1969	DO j = nys, nyn
1970	IF ( ( j * dy ) < pt_damping_width ) THEN
1971	ptdf_y(j) = pt_damping_factor * &
1972	SIN( pi * 0.5_wp * &
1973	( pt_damping_width - j * dy ) / &
1974	REAL( pt_damping_width, KIND=wp ) )**2
1975	ENDIF
1976	ENDDO
1977	ENDIF
1978
1979	!
1980	!-- Pre-set masks for regional statistics. Default is the total model domain.
1981	!-- Ghost points are excluded because counting values at the ghost boundaries
1982	!-- would bias the statistics
1983	rmask = 1.0_wp
1984	rmask(:,nxlg:nxl-1,:) = 0.0_wp; rmask(:,nxr+1:nxrg,:) = 0.0_wp
1985	rmask(nysg:nys-1,:,:) = 0.0_wp; rmask(nyn+1:nyng,:,:) = 0.0_wp
1986
1987	!
1988	!-- User-defined initializing actions. Check afterwards, if maximum number
1989	!-- of allowed timeseries is exceeded
1990	CALL user_init
1991
1992	IF ( dots_num > dots_max ) THEN
1993	WRITE( message_string, * ) 'number of time series quantities exceeds', &
1994	' its maximum of dots_max = ', dots_max, &
1995	' &Please increase dots_max in modules.f90.'
1996	CALL message( 'init_3d_model', 'PA0194', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
1997	ENDIF
1998
1999	!
2000	!-- Input binary data file is not needed anymore. This line must be placed
2001	!-- after call of user_init!
2002	CALL close_file( 13 )
2003
2004	!
2005	!-- Compute total sum of active mask grid points
2006	!-- and the mean surface level height for each statistic region
2007	!-- ngp_2dh: number of grid points of a horizontal cross section through the
2008	!-- total domain
2009	!-- ngp_3d: number of grid points of the total domain
2010	ngp_2dh_outer_l = 0
2011	ngp_2dh_outer = 0
2012	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l = 0
2013	ngp_2dh_s_inner = 0
2014	ngp_2dh_l = 0
2015	ngp_2dh = 0
2016	ngp_3d_inner_l = 0.0_wp
2017	ngp_3d_inner = 0
2018	ngp_3d = 0
2019	ngp_sums = ( nz + 2 ) * ( pr_palm + max_pr_user )
2020
2021	mean_surface_level_height = 0.0_wp
2022	mean_surface_level_height_l = 0.0_wp
2023
2024	DO sr = 0, statistic_regions
2025	DO i = nxl, nxr
2026	DO j = nys, nyn
2027	IF ( rmask(j,i,sr) == 1.0_wp ) THEN
2028	!
2029	!-- All xy-grid points
2030	ngp_2dh_l(sr) = ngp_2dh_l(sr) + 1
2031	mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) = mean_surface_level_height_l(sr) &
2032	+ zw(nzb_s_inner(j,i))
2033	!
2034	!-- xy-grid points above topography
2035	DO k = nzb_s_outer(j,i), nz + 1
2036	ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_outer_l(k,sr) + 1
2037	ENDDO
2038	DO k = nzb_s_inner(j,i), nz + 1
2039	ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(k,sr) + 1
2040	ENDDO
2041	!
2042	!-- All grid points of the total domain above topography
2043	ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) = ngp_3d_inner_l(sr) &
2044	+ ( nz - nzb_s_inner(j,i) + 2 )
2045	ENDIF
2046	ENDDO
2047	ENDDO
2048	ENDDO
2049
2050	sr = statistic_regions + 1
2051	#if defined( __parallel )
2052	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2053	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_l(0), ngp_2dh(0), sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, &
2054	comm2d, ierr )
2055	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2056	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_outer_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_outer(0,0), (nz+2)*sr, &
2057	MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2058	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2059	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_2dh_s_inner_l(0,0), ngp_2dh_s_inner(0,0), &
2060	(nz+2)*sr, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2061	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2062	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( ngp_3d_inner_l(0), ngp_3d_inner_tmp(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
2063	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2064	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_tmp, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
2065	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm2d, ierr )
2066	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( mean_surface_level_height_l(0), &
2067	mean_surface_level_height(0), sr, MPI_REAL, &
2068	MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
2069	mean_surface_level_height = mean_surface_level_height / REAL( ngp_2dh )
2070	#else
2071	ngp_2dh = ngp_2dh_l
2072	ngp_2dh_outer = ngp_2dh_outer_l
2073	ngp_2dh_s_inner = ngp_2dh_s_inner_l
2074	ngp_3d_inner = INT( ngp_3d_inner_l, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
2075	mean_surface_level_height = mean_surface_level_height_l / REAL( ngp_2dh_l )
2076	#endif
2077
2078	ngp_3d = INT ( ngp_2dh, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) ) * &
2079	INT ( (nz + 2 ), KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 ) )
2080
2081	!
2082	!-- Set a lower limit of 1 in order to avoid zero divisions in flow_statistics,
2083	!-- buoyancy, etc. A zero value will occur for cases where all grid points of
2084	!-- the respective subdomain lie below the surface topography
2085	ngp_2dh_outer = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_outer(:,:) )
2086	ngp_3d_inner = MAX( INT(1, KIND = SELECTED_INT_KIND( 18 )), &
2087	ngp_3d_inner(:) )
2088	ngp_2dh_s_inner = MAX( 1, ngp_2dh_s_inner(:,:) )
2089
2090	DEALLOCATE( mean_surface_level_height_l, ngp_2dh_l, ngp_2dh_outer_l, &
2091	ngp_3d_inner_l, ngp_3d_inner_tmp )
2092
2093	CALL location_message( 'leaving init_3d_model', .TRUE. )
2094
2095	END SUBROUTINE init_3d_model

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