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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/indoor_model_mod.f90 @ 4750

Last change on this file since 4750 was 4750, checked in by suehring, 4 years ago
Indoor-model new: Namelist parameter added to switch-off/on the indoor model during wall/soil spinup; bugfixes concerning indoor model: bugfix in window-wall treatment during spinup - in the urban-surface model the window fraction is set to zero during spinup, so it is done here also; bugfix in wall treatment - inner wall temperature was too low due to wrong weighting of wall/green/window fractions; Revision of 10-cm temperature at vertical walls - assume grid-cell temperature rather than employ MOST; call hourly-based indoor model only once per hour during spinup, not every timestep; add missing dependency in Makefile; urban-surface model: bugfix in openmp directive
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 110.9 KB

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1	!> @file indoor_model_mod.f90
2	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
6	! Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
7	! (at your option) any later version.
8	!
9	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
10	! implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General
11	! Public License for more details.
12	!
13	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with PALM. If not, see
14	! <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
15	!
16	! Copyright 2018-2020 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
17	! Copyright 2018-2020 Hochschule Offenburg
18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: indoor_model_mod.f90 4750 2020-10-16 14:27:48Z suehring $
27	! - Namelist parameter added to switch-off/on the indoor model during wall/soil spinup
28	! - Bugfix in window-wall treatment during spinup - in the urban-surface model the window fraction
29	! is set to zero during spinup, so it is done here also
30	! - Bugfix in wall treatment - inner wall temperature was too low due to wrong weighting of
31	! wall/green/window fractions
32	!
33	! 4730 2020-10-07 10:48:51Z suehring
34	! Bugfix - avoid divisions by zero
35	!
36	! 4709 2020-09-28 19:20:00Z maronga
37	! Bugfix: avoid division by zero in case of zero window fraction (now also for vertical walls).
38	! Reactivated waste heat.
39	!
40	! 4704 2020-09-28 10:13:03Z maronga
41	! Bugfix: avoid division by zero in case of zero window fraction
42	!
43	! 4702 2020-09-27 18:39:00Z maronga
44	! Removed unused variable indoor_wall_window_temperature
45	!
46	! 4701 2020-09-27 11:02:15Z maronga
47	! Heat transfer for wall and windows back to USM separated into q_wall and q_win (instead q_wall_win).
48	! Heat flow direction revised (heat flow positive from outside to inside).
49	! New variable indoor_wall_temperature (for q_wall).
50	! Removed unused quantity q_trans.
51	!
52	! 4698 2020-09-25 08:37:55Z maronga
53	! Fixed faulty characters
54	!
55	! 4687 2020-09-21 19:40:16Z maronga
56	! Bugfix: values of theta_m_t_prev were not stored for individual surfaces and thus re-used by all
57	! surfaces and buildings, which led to excessive indoor temperatures
58	!
59	! 4681 2020-09-16 10:23:06Z pavelkrc
60	! Bugfix for implementation of downward surfaces
61	!
62	! 4671 2020-09-09 20:27:58Z pavelkrc
63	! Implementation of downward facing USM and LSM surfaces
64	!
65	! 4646 2020-08-24 16:02:40Z raasch
66	! file re-formatted to follow the PALM coding standard
67	!
68	! 4481 2020-03-31 18:55:54Z maronga
69	! Change order of dimension in surface array %frac to allow for better vectorization.
70	!
71	! 4441 2020-03-04 19:20:35Z suehring
72	! Major bugfix in calculation of energy demand - floor-area-per-facade was wrongly calculated
73	! leading to unrealistically high energy demands and thus to unreallistically high waste-heat
74	! fluxes.
75	!
76	! 4346 2019-12-18 11:55:56Z motisi
77	! Introduction of wall_flags_total_0, which currently sets bits based on static topography
78	! information used in wall_flags_static_0
79	!
80	! 4329 2019-12-10 15:46:36Z motisi
81	! Renamed wall_flags_0 to wall_flags_static_0
82	!
83	! 4310 2019-11-26 19:01:28Z suehring
84	! Remove dt_indoor from namelist input. The indoor model is an hourly-based model, calling it
85	! more/less often lead to inaccurate results.
86	!
87	! 4299 2019-11-22 10:13:38Z suehring
88	! Output of indoor temperature revised (to avoid non-defined values within buildings)
89	!
90	! 4267 2019-10-16 18:58:49Z suehring
91	! Bugfix in initialization, some indices to access building_pars where wrong.
92	! Introduction of seasonal parameters.
93	!
94	! 4246 2019-09-30 09:27:52Z pavelkrc
95	!
96	!
97	! 4242 2019-09-27 12:59:10Z suehring
98	! Bugfix in array index
99	!
100	! 4238 2019-09-25 16:06:01Z suehring
101	! - Bugfix in determination of minimum facade height and in location message
102	! - Bugfix, avoid division by zero
103	! - Some optimization
104	!
105	! 4227 2019-09-10 18:04:34Z gronemeier
106	! implement new palm_date_time_mod
107	!
108	! 4217 2019-09-04 09:47:05Z scharf
109	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
110	!
111	! 4209 2019-09-02 12:00:03Z suehring
112	! - Bugfix in initialization of indoor temperature
113	! - Prescibe default indoor temperature in case it is not given in the namelist input
114	!
115	! 4182 2019-08-21 14:37:54Z scharf
116	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
117	!
118	! 4148 2019-08-08 11:26:00Z suehring
119	! Bugfix in case of non grid-resolved buildings. Further, vertical grid spacing is now considered at
120	! the correct level.
121	! - change calculation of a_m and c_m
122	! - change calculation of u-values (use h_es in building array)
123	! - rename h_tr_... to h_t_...
124	! h_tr_em to h_t_wm
125	! h_tr_op to h_t_wall
126	! h_tr_w to h_t_es
127	! - rename h_ve to h_v
128	! - rename h_is to h_ms
129	! - inserted net_floor_area
130	! - inserted params_waste_heat_h, params_waste_heat_c from building database
131	! in building array
132	! - change calculation of q_waste_heat
133	! - bugfix in averaging mean indoor temperature
134	!
135	! 3759 2019-02-21 15:53:45Z suehring
136	! - Calculation of total building volume
137	! - Several bugfixes
138	! - Calculation of building height revised
139	!
140	! 3745 2019-02-15 18:57:56Z suehring
141	! - remove building_type from module
142	! - initialize parameters for each building individually instead of a bulk initializaion with
143	! identical building type for all
144	! - output revised
145	! - add missing _wp
146	! - some restructuring of variables in building data structure
147	!
148	! 3744 2019-02-15 18:38:58Z suehring
149	! Some interface calls moved to module_interface + cleanup
150	!
151	! 3469 2018-10-30 20:05:07Z kanani
152	! Initial revision (tlang, suehring, kanani, srissman)!
153	!
154	! Authors:
155	! --------
156	! @author Tobias Lang
157	! @author Jens Pfafferott
158	! @author Farah Kanani-Suehring
159	! @author Matthias Suehring
160	! @author Sascha Rissmann
161	! @author Bjoern Maronga
162	!
163	!
164	! Description:
165	! ------------
166	!> Module for Indoor Climate Model (ICM)
167	!> The module is based on the DIN EN ISO 13790 with simplified hour-based procedure.
168	!> This model is a equivalent circuit diagram of a three-point RC-model (5R1C).
169	!> This module differs between indoor-air temperature an average temperature of indoor surfaces which make it prossible to determine
170	!> thermal comfort
171	!> the heat transfer between indoor and outdoor is simplified
172
173	!> @todo Many statement comments that are given as doxygen comments need to be changed to normal comments
174	!> @todo Replace window_area_per_facade by %frac(1,m) for window
175	!> @todo emissivity change for window blinds if solar_protection_on=1
176
177	!> @note Do we allow use of integer flags, or only logical flags? (concerns e.g. cooling_on, heating_on)
178	!> @note How to write indoor temperature output to pt array?
179	!>
180	!> @bug Calculation of iwghf_eb and iwghf_eb_window is faulty
181	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
182	MODULE indoor_model_mod
183
184	USE arrays_3d, &
185	ONLY: ddzw, &
186	dzw, &
187	pt
188
189	USE control_parameters, &
190	ONLY: initializing_actions
191
192	USE kinds
193
194	USE netcdf_data_input_mod, &
195	ONLY: building_id_f, building_type_f
196
197	USE palm_date_time_mod, &
198	ONLY: get_date_time, northward_equinox, seconds_per_hour, southward_equinox
199
200	USE surface_mod, &
201	ONLY: surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
202
203
204	IMPLICIT NONE
205
206	!
207	!-- Define data structure for buidlings.
208	TYPE build
209
210	INTEGER(iwp) :: id !< building ID
211	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb_max !< highest vertical index of a building
212	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb_min !< lowest vertical index of a building
213	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_h = 0 !< total number of horizontal facades elements
214	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_h_l = 0 !< number of horizontal facade elements on local subdomain
215	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_v = 0 !< total number of vertical facades elements
216	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_facades_per_building_v_l = 0 !< number of vertical facade elements on local subdomain
217	INTEGER(iwp) :: ventilation_int_loads !< [-] allocation of activity in the building
218
219	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: l_h !< index array linking surface-element orientation index
220	!< for horizontal surfaces with building
221	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: l_v !< index array linking surface-element orientation index
222	!< for vertical surfaces with building
223	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_h !< index array linking surface-element index for
224	!< horizontal surfaces with building
225	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: m_v !< index array linking surface-element index for
226	!< vertical surfaces with building
227	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facade_h !< number of horizontal facade elements per buidling
228	!< and height level
229	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facade_v !< number of vertical facades elements per buidling
230	!< and height level
231
232
233	LOGICAL :: on_pe = .FALSE. !< flag indicating whether a building with certain ID is on local subdomain
234
235	REAL(wp) :: air_change_high !< [1/h] air changes per time_utc_hour
236	REAL(wp) :: air_change_low !< [1/h] air changes per time_utc_hour
237	REAL(wp) :: area_facade !< [m2] area of total facade
238	REAL(wp) :: building_height !< building height
239	REAL(wp) :: eta_ve !< [-] heat recovery efficiency
240	REAL(wp) :: factor_a !< [-] Dynamic parameters specific effective surface according to Table 12; 2.5
241	!< (very light, light and medium), 3.0 (heavy), 3.5 (very heavy)
242	REAL(wp) :: factor_c !< [J/(m2 K)] Dynamic parameters inner heatstorage according to Table 12; 80000
243	!< (very light), 110000 (light), 165000 (medium), 260000 (heavy), 370000 (very heavy)
244	REAL(wp) :: f_c_win !< [-] shading factor
245	REAL(wp) :: fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade
246	REAL(wp) :: g_value_win !< [-] SHGC factor
247	REAL(wp) :: h_es !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between extern and surface
248	REAL(wp) :: height_cei_con !< [m] ceiling construction heigth
249	REAL(wp) :: height_storey !< [m] storey heigth
250	REAL(wp) :: params_waste_heat_c !< [-] anthropogenic heat outputs for cooling e.g. 1.33 for KKM with COP = 3
251	REAL(wp) :: params_waste_heat_h !< [-] anthropogenic heat outputs for heating e.g. 1 - 0.9 = 0.1 for combustion with
252	!< eta = 0.9 or -2 for WP with COP = 3
253	REAL(wp) :: phi_c_max !< [W] Max. Cooling capacity (negative)
254	REAL(wp) :: phi_h_max !< [W] Max. Heating capacity (positive)
255	REAL(wp) :: q_c_max !< [W/m2] Max. Cooling heat flux per netto floor area (negative)
256	REAL(wp) :: q_h_max !< [W/m2] Max. Heating heat flux per netto floor area (positive)
257	REAL(wp) :: qint_high !< [W/m2] internal heat gains, option Database qint_0-23
258	REAL(wp) :: qint_low !< [W/m2] internal heat gains, option Database qint_0-23
259	REAL(wp) :: lambda_at !< [-] ratio internal surface/floor area chap. 7.2.2.2.
260	REAL(wp) :: lambda_layer3 !< [W/(m*K)] Thermal conductivity of the inner layer
261	REAL(wp) :: net_floor_area !< [m2] netto ground area
262	REAL(wp) :: s_layer3 !< [m] half thickness of the inner layer (layer_3)
263	REAL(wp) :: theta_int_c_set !< [degree_C] Max. Setpoint temperature (summer)
264	REAL(wp) :: theta_int_h_set !< [degree_C] Max. Setpoint temperature (winter)
265	REAL(wp) :: u_value_win !< [W/(m2*K)] transmittance
266	REAL(wp) :: vol_tot !< [m3] total building volume
267
268	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in !< mean building indoor temperature, height dependent
269	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_l !< mean building indoor temperature on local subdomain, height dependent
270	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: theta_m_t_prev_h !< [degree_C] value of theta_m_t from previous time step (horizontal)
271	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: theta_m_t_prev_v !< [degree_C] value of theta_m_t from previous time step (vertical)
272	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume !< total building volume, height dependent
273	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vol_frac !< fraction of local on total building volume, height dependent
274	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: vpf !< building volume volume per facade element, height dependent
275
276	END TYPE build
277
278	TYPE(build), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: buildings !< building array
279
280	INTEGER(iwp) :: cooling_on !< Indoor cooling flag (0=off, 1=on)
281	INTEGER(iwp) :: heating_on !< Indoor heating flag (0=off, 1=on)
282	INTEGER(iwp) :: num_build !< total number of buildings in domain
283	INTEGER(iwp) :: solar_protection_off !< Solar protection off
284	INTEGER(iwp) :: solar_protection_on !< Solar protection on
285
286	LOGICAL :: indoor_during_spinup = .FALSE. !< namelist parameter used to switch-off/on the indoor model during spinup
287	!
288	!-- Declare all global variables within the module
289
290	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: dt_indoor = 3600.0_wp !< [s] time interval for indoor-model application, fixed to
291	!< 3600.0 due to model requirements
292	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: h_is = 3.45_wp !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between
293	!< surface and air (chap. 7.2.2.2)
294	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: h_ms = 9.1_wp !< [W/(m2 K)] surface-related heat transfer coefficient between
295	!< component and surface (chap. 12.2.2)
296	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_f = 0.3_wp !< [-] frame ratio chap. 8.3.2.1.1 for buildings with mostly
297	!< cooling 2.0_wp
298	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_w = 0.9_wp !< [-] correction factor (fuer nicht senkrechten Stahlungseinfall
299	!< DIN 4108-2 chap.8, (hier konstant, keine WinkelabhÃ€ngigkeit)
300	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_f_win = 0.5_wp !< [-] proportion of window area, Database A_win aus
301	!< Datenbank 27 window_area_per_facade_percent
302	REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: params_solar_protection = 300.0_wp !< [W/m2] chap. G.5.3.1 sun protection closed, if the radiation
303	!< on facade exceeds this value
304
305	REAL(wp) :: a_m !< [m2] the effective mass-related area
306	REAL(wp) :: air_change !< [1/h] Airflow
307	REAL(wp) :: c_m !< [J/K] internal heat storage capacity
308	REAL(wp) :: facade_element_area !< [m2_facade] building surface facade
309	REAL(wp) :: floor_area_per_facade !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
310	REAL(wp) :: h_t_1 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 1
311	REAL(wp) :: h_t_2 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 2
312	REAL(wp) :: h_t_3 !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variable 3
313	REAL(wp) :: h_t_es !< [W/K] heat transfer coefficient of doors, windows, curtain walls and
314	!< glazed walls (assumption: thermal mass=0)
315	REAL(wp) :: h_t_is !< [W/K] thermal coupling conductance (Thermischer Kopplungsleitwert)
316	REAL(wp) :: h_t_ms !< [W/K] Heat transfer conductance term (got with h_t_wm the thermal mass)
317	REAL(wp) :: h_t_wall !< [W/K] heat transfer coefficient of opaque components (assumption: got all
318	!< thermal mass) contains of h_t_wm and h_t_ms
319	REAL(wp) :: h_t_wm !< [W/K] Heat transfer coefficient of the emmision (got with h_t_ms the
320	!< thermal mass)
321	REAL(wp) :: h_v !< [W/K] heat transfer of ventilation
322	REAL(wp) :: indoor_volume_per_facade !< [m3] indoor air volume per facade element
323	REAL(wp) :: initial_indoor_temperature = 293.15 !< [K] initial indoor temperature (namelist parameter)
324	REAL(wp) :: net_sw_in !< [W/m2] net short-wave radiation
325	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd !< [W] heating demand and/or cooling demand
326	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_10 !< [W] heating demand and/or cooling demand for heating or cooling
327	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_ac !< [W] actual heating demand and/or cooling demand
328	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_un !< [W] unlimited heating demand and/or cooling demand which is necessary to
329	!< reach the demanded required temperature (heating is positive,
330	!< cooling is negative)
331	REAL(wp) :: phi_ia !< [W] internal air load = internal loads * 0.5, Eq. (C.1)
332	REAL(wp) :: phi_m !< [W] mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
333	REAL(wp) :: phi_mtot !< [W] total mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
334	REAL(wp) :: phi_sol !< [W] solar loads
335	REAL(wp) :: phi_st !< [W] mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass
336	REAL(wp) :: q_wall !< [W/m2]heat flux from indoor into wall
337	REAL(wp) :: q_win !< [W/m2]heat flux from indoor into window
338	REAL(wp) :: q_waste_heat !< [W/m2]waste heat, sum of waste heat over the roof to Palm
339
340	REAL(wp) :: q_c_m !< [W] Energy of thermal storage mass specific thermal load for internal
341	!< and external heatsources (for energy bilanz)
342	REAL(wp) :: q_c_st !< [W] Energy of thermal storage mass specific thermal load implied non
343	!< thermal mass (for energy bilanz)
344	REAL(wp) :: q_int !< [W] Energy of internal air load (for energy bilanz)
345	REAL(wp) :: q_sol !< [W] Energy of solar (for energy bilanz)
346	REAL(wp) :: q_vent !< [W] Energy of ventilation (for energy bilanz)
347
348	REAL(wp) :: schedule_d !< [-] activation for internal loads (low or high + low)
349	REAL(wp) :: skip_time_do_indoor = 0.0_wp !< [s] Indoor model is not called before this time
350	REAL(wp) :: theta_air !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node
351	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_0 !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node in equilibrium
352	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_10 !< [degree_C] air temperature of the RC-node from a heating capacity
353	!< of 10 W/m2
354	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_ac !< [degree_C] actual room temperature after heating/cooling
355	REAL(wp) :: theta_air_set !< [degree_C] Setpoint_temperature for the room
356	REAL(wp) :: theta_m !< [degree_C} inner temperature of the RC-node
357	REAL(wp) :: theta_m_t !< [degree_C] (Fictive) component temperature during timestep
358	REAL(wp) :: theta_op !< [degree_C] operative temperature
359	REAL(wp) :: theta_s !< [degree_C] surface temperature of the RC-node
360	REAL(wp) :: time_indoor = 0.0_wp !< [s] time since last call of indoor model
361	REAL(wp) :: total_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces pointing to zone
362	REAL(wp) :: window_area_per_facade !< [m2] window area per facade element
363
364	!
365	!-- Definition of seasonal parameters, summer and winter, for different building types
366	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:7) :: summer_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & ! building_type 1
367	0.5_wp, & ! basical airflow without occupancy of the room
368	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
369	0.5_wp, & ! building_type 2: basical airflow without occupancy
370	! of the room
371	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
372	0.8_wp, & ! building_type 3: basical airflow without occupancy
373	! of the room
374	2.0_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
375	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 4: basical airflow without occupancy
376	! of the room
377	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
378	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 5: basical airflow without occupancy
379	! of the room
380	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
381	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 6: basical airflow without occupancy
382	! of the room
383	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
384	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 7: basical airflow without occupancy
385	! of the room
386	1.5_wp & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
387	/), (/ 2, 7 /) )
388
389	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(0:1,1:7) :: winter_pars = RESHAPE( (/ & ! building_type 1
390	0.1_wp, & ! basical airflow without occupancy of the room
391	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
392	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 2: basical airflow without occupancy
393	! of the room
394	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
395	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 3: basical airflow without occupancy
396	! of the room
397	0.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
398	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 4: basical airflow without occupancy
399	! of the room
400	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
401	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 5: basical airflow without occupancy
402	! of the room
403	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
404	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 6: basical airflow without occupancy
405	! of the room
406	1.5_wp, & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
407	0.1_wp, & ! building_type 7: basical airflow without occupancy
408	! of the room
409	1.5_wp & ! additional airflow depend of occupancy of the room
410	/), (/ 2, 7 /) )
411
412	SAVE
413
414
415	PRIVATE
416
417	!
418	!-- Add INTERFACES that must be available to other modules
419	PUBLIC im_init, im_main_heatcool, im_parin, im_define_netcdf_grid, im_check_data_output, &
420	im_data_output_3d, im_check_parameters
421
422
423	!
424	!-- Add VARIABLES that must be available to other modules
425	PUBLIC dt_indoor, &
426	indoor_during_spinup, &
427	skip_time_do_indoor, &
428	time_indoor
429
430	!
431	!-- PALM interfaces:
432	!-- Data output checks for 2D/3D data to be done in check_parameters
433	INTERFACE im_check_data_output
434	MODULE PROCEDURE im_check_data_output
435	END INTERFACE im_check_data_output
436	!
437	!-- Input parameter checks to be done in check_parameters
438	INTERFACE im_check_parameters
439	MODULE PROCEDURE im_check_parameters
440	END INTERFACE im_check_parameters
441	!
442	!-- Data output of 3D data
443	INTERFACE im_data_output_3d
444	MODULE PROCEDURE im_data_output_3d
445	END INTERFACE im_data_output_3d
446
447	!
448	!-- Definition of data output quantities
449	INTERFACE im_define_netcdf_grid
450	MODULE PROCEDURE im_define_netcdf_grid
451	END INTERFACE im_define_netcdf_grid
452	!
453	! !
454	! !-- Output of information to the header file
455	! INTERFACE im_header
456	! MODULE PROCEDURE im_header
457	! END INTERFACE im_header
458	!
459	!-- Calculations for indoor temperatures
460	INTERFACE im_calc_temperatures
461	MODULE PROCEDURE im_calc_temperatures
462	END INTERFACE im_calc_temperatures
463	!
464	!-- Initialization actions
465	INTERFACE im_init
466	MODULE PROCEDURE im_init
467	END INTERFACE im_init
468	!
469	!-- Main part of indoor model
470	INTERFACE im_main_heatcool
471	MODULE PROCEDURE im_main_heatcool
472	END INTERFACE im_main_heatcool
473	!
474	!-- Reading of NAMELIST parameters
475	INTERFACE im_parin
476	MODULE PROCEDURE im_parin
477	END INTERFACE im_parin
478
479	CONTAINS
480
481	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
482	! Description:
483	! ------------
484	!< Calculation of the air temperatures and mean radiation temperature.
485	!< This is basis for the operative temperature.
486	!< Based on a Crank-Nicholson scheme with a timestep of a hour.
487	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
488	SUBROUTINE im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
489	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd_dummy, theta_m_t_prev )
490
491	INTEGER(iwp) :: i
492	INTEGER(iwp) :: j
493	INTEGER(iwp) :: k
494
495	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_temperature !< temperature of innermost wall layer evtl in im_calc_temperatures einfÃŒgen
496	REAL(wp) :: near_facade_temperature
497	REAL(wp) :: phi_hc_nd_dummy
498	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: theta_m_t_prev
499	!
500	!-- Calculation of total mass specific thermal load (internal and external)
501	phi_mtot = ( phi_m + h_t_wm * indoor_wall_temperature &
502	+ h_t_3 * ( phi_st + h_t_es * pt(k,j,i) &
503	+ h_t_1 * &
504	( ( ( phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / h_v ) &
505	+ near_facade_temperature ) &
506	) / h_t_2 &
507	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.5)
508	!
509	!-- Calculation of component temperature at current timestep
510	theta_m_t = ( ( theta_m_t_prev &
511	* ( ( c_m / 3600.0_wp ) - 0.5_wp * ( h_t_3 + h_t_wm ) ) &
512	+ phi_mtot &
513	) &
514	/ ( ( c_m / 3600.0_wp ) + 0.5_wp * ( h_t_3 + h_t_wm ) ) &
515	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.4)
516	!
517	!-- Calculation of mean inner temperature for the RC-node in current timestep
518	theta_m = ( theta_m_t + theta_m_t_prev ) * 0.5_wp !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.9)
519
520	!
521	!-- Calculation of mean surface temperature of the RC-node in current timestep
522	theta_s = ( ( h_t_ms * theta_m + phi_st + h_t_es * pt(k,j,i) &
523	+ h_t_1 * ( near_facade_temperature &
524	+ ( phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / h_v ) &
525	) &
526	/ ( h_t_ms + h_t_es + h_t_1 ) &
527	) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.10)
528
529	!
530	!-- Calculation of the air temperature of the RC-node
531
532
533	theta_air = ( h_t_is * theta_s + h_v * near_facade_temperature + phi_ia + phi_hc_nd_dummy ) / &
534	( h_t_is + h_v ) !< [degree_C] Eq. (C.11)
535
536
537	END SUBROUTINE im_calc_temperatures
538
539
540	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
541	! Description:
542	! ------------
543	!> Initialization of the indoor model.
544	!> Static information are calculated here, e.g. building parameters and geometrical information,
545	!> anything that doesn't change in time.
546	!
547	!-- Input values
548	!-- Input datas from Palm, M4
549	! i_global --> net_sw_in !< global radiation [W/m2]
550	! theta_e --> pt(k,j,i) !< undisturbed outside temperature, 1. PALM volume, for windows
551	! theta_sup = theta_f --> surf_usm_h%pt_10cm(m)
552	! surf_usm_v(l)%pt_10cm(m) !< Air temperature, facade near (10cm) air temperature from
553	!< 1. Palm volume
554	! theta_node --> t_wall_h(nzt_wall,m)
555	! t_wall_v(l)%t(nzt_wall,m) !< Temperature of innermost wall layer, for opaque wall
556	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
557	SUBROUTINE im_init
558
559	USE control_parameters, &
560	ONLY: message_string, time_since_reference_point
561
562	USE indices, &
563	ONLY: nxl, nxr, nyn, nys, nzb, nzt, wall_flags_total_0
564
565	USE grid_variables, &
566	ONLY: dx, dy
567
568	USE pegrid
569
570	USE surface_mod, &
571	ONLY: surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
572
573	USE urban_surface_mod, &
574	ONLY: building_pars, building_type
575
576	INTEGER(iwp) :: bt !< local building type
577	INTEGER(iwp) :: day_of_year !< day of the year
578	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< running index along x-direction
579	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< running index along y-direction
580	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< running index along z-direction
581	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index for surface-element orientation
582	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
583	INTEGER(iwp) :: n !< building index
584	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< building index
585
586	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids !< building IDs on entire model domain
587	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_final !< building IDs on entire model domain,
588	!< multiple occurences are sorted out
589	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_final_tmp !< temporary array used for resizing
590	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_l !< building IDs on local subdomain
591	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: build_ids_l_tmp !< temporary array used to resize array of building IDs
592	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: displace_dum !< displacements of start addresses, used for MPI_ALLGATHERV
593	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_max_l !< highest vertical index of a building on subdomain
594	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: k_min_l !< lowest vertical index of a building on subdomain
595	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: n_fa !< counting array
596	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facades_h !< dummy array used for summing-up total number of
597	!< horizontal facade elements
598	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: num_facades_v !< dummy array used for summing-up total number of
599	!< vertical facade elements
600	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: receive_dum_h !< dummy array used for MPI_ALLREDUCE
601	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: receive_dum_v !< dummy array used for MPI_ALLREDUCE
602
603	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:numprocs-1) :: num_buildings !< number of buildings with different ID on entire model domain
604	INTEGER(iwp), DIMENSION(0:numprocs-1) :: num_buildings_l !< number of buildings with different ID on local subdomain
605
606	REAL(wp) :: u_tmp !< dummy for temporary calculation of u-value without h_is
607	REAL(wp) :: du_tmp !< 1/u_tmp
608	REAL(wp) :: du_win_tmp !< 1/building(nb)%u_value_win
609	REAL(wp) :: facade_area_v !< dummy to compute the total facade area from vertical walls
610
611	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume !< total building volume at each discrete height level
612	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: volume_l !< total building volume at each discrete height level,
613	!< on local subdomain
614
615	CALL location_message( 'initializing indoor model', 'start' )
616	!
617	!-- Initializing of indoor model is only possible if buildings can be distinguished by their IDs.
618	IF ( .NOT. building_id_f%from_file ) THEN
619	message_string = 'Indoor model requires information about building_id'
620	CALL message( 'im_init', 'PA0999', 1, 2, 0, 6, 0 )
621	ENDIF
622	!
623	!-- Determine number of different building IDs on local subdomain.
624	num_buildings_l = 0
625	num_buildings = 0
626	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l(1) )
627	DO i = nxl, nxr
628	DO j = nys, nyn
629	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
630	IF ( num_buildings_l(myid) > 0 ) THEN
631	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(j,i) == build_ids_l ) ) THEN
632	CYCLE
633	ELSE
634	num_buildings_l(myid) = num_buildings_l(myid) + 1
635	!
636	!-- Resize array with different local building ids
637	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l_tmp(1:SIZE(build_ids_l)) )
638	build_ids_l_tmp = build_ids_l
639	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_l )
640	ALLOCATE( build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)) )
641	build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)-1) = &
642	build_ids_l_tmp(1:num_buildings_l(myid)-1)
643	build_ids_l(num_buildings_l(myid)) = building_id_f%var(j,i)
644	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_l_tmp )
645	ENDIF
646	!
647	!-- First occuring building id on PE
648	ELSE
649	num_buildings_l(myid) = num_buildings_l(myid) + 1
650	build_ids_l(1) = building_id_f%var(j,i)
651	ENDIF
652	ENDIF
653	ENDDO
654	ENDDO
655	!
656	!-- Determine number of building IDs for the entire domain. (Note, building IDs can appear multiple
657	!-- times as buildings might be distributed over several PEs.)
658	#if defined( __parallel )
659	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_buildings_l, num_buildings, numprocs, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_SUM, comm2d, &
660	ierr )
661	#else
662	num_buildings = num_buildings_l
663	#endif
664	ALLOCATE( build_ids(1:SUM(num_buildings)) )
665	!
666	!-- Gather building IDs. Therefore, first, determine displacements used required for MPI_GATHERV
667	!-- call.
668	ALLOCATE( displace_dum(0:numprocs-1) )
669	displace_dum(0) = 0
670	DO i = 1, numprocs-1
671	displace_dum(i) = displace_dum(i-1) + num_buildings(i-1)
672	ENDDO
673
674	#if defined( __parallel )
675	CALL MPI_ALLGATHERV( build_ids_l(1:num_buildings_l(myid)), &
676	num_buildings(myid), &
677	MPI_INTEGER, &
678	build_ids, &
679	num_buildings, &
680	displace_dum, &
681	MPI_INTEGER, &
682	comm2d, ierr )
683
684	DEALLOCATE( displace_dum )
685
686	#else
687	build_ids = build_ids_l
688	#endif
689	!
690	!-- Note: in parallel mode, building IDs can occur mutliple times, as each PE has send its own ids.
691	!-- Therefore, sort out building IDs which appear multiple times.
692	num_build = 0
693	DO n = 1, SIZE(build_ids)
694
695	IF ( ALLOCATED(build_ids_final) ) THEN
696	IF ( ANY( build_ids(n) == build_ids_final ) ) THEN
697	CYCLE
698	ELSE
699	num_build = num_build + 1
700	!
701	!-- Resize
702	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build) )
703	build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build-1) = build_ids_final(1:num_build-1)
704	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_final )
705	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final(1:num_build) )
706	build_ids_final(1:num_build-1) = build_ids_final_tmp(1:num_build-1)
707	build_ids_final(num_build) = build_ids(n)
708	DEALLOCATE( build_ids_final_tmp )
709	ENDIF
710	ELSE
711	num_build = num_build + 1
712	ALLOCATE( build_ids_final(1:num_build) )
713	build_ids_final(num_build) = build_ids(n)
714	ENDIF
715	ENDDO
716
717	!
718	!-- Allocate building-data structure array. Note, this is a global array and all building IDs on
719	!-- domain are known by each PE. Further attributes, e.g. height-dependent arrays, however, are only
720	!-- allocated on PEs where the respective building is present (in order to reduce memory demands).
721	ALLOCATE( buildings(1:num_build) )
722
723	!
724	!-- Store building IDs and check if building with certain ID is present on subdomain.
725	DO nb = 1, num_build
726	buildings(nb)%id = build_ids_final(nb)
727
728	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) == buildings(nb)%id ) ) &
729	buildings(nb)%on_pe = .TRUE.
730	ENDDO
731	!
732	!-- Determine the maximum vertical dimension occupied by each building.
733	ALLOCATE( k_min_l(1:num_build) )
734	ALLOCATE( k_max_l(1:num_build) )
735	k_min_l = nzt + 1
736	k_max_l = 0
737
738	DO i = nxl, nxr
739	DO j = nys, nyn
740	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
741	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
742	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
743	!
744	!-- Check if grid point belongs to a building.
745	IF ( BTEST( wall_flags_total_0(k,j,i), 6 ) ) THEN
746	k_min_l(nb) = MIN( k_min_l(nb), k )
747	k_max_l(nb) = MAX( k_max_l(nb), k )
748	ENDIF
749
750	ENDDO
751	ENDIF
752	ENDDO
753	ENDDO
754
755	#if defined( __parallel )
756	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_min_l(:), buildings(:)%kb_min, num_build, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_MIN, comm2d, &
757	ierr )
758	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( k_max_l(:), buildings(:)%kb_max, num_build, MPI_INTEGER, MPI_MAX, comm2d, &
759	ierr )
760	#else
761	buildings(:)%kb_min = k_min_l(:)
762	buildings(:)%kb_max = k_max_l(:)
763	#endif
764
765	DEALLOCATE( k_min_l )
766	DEALLOCATE( k_max_l )
767	!
768	!-- Calculate building height.
769	DO nb = 1, num_build
770	buildings(nb)%building_height = 0.0_wp
771	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
772	buildings(nb)%building_height = buildings(nb)%building_height + dzw(k+1)
773	ENDDO
774	ENDDO
775	!
776	!-- Calculate building volume
777	DO nb = 1, num_build
778	!
779	!-- Allocate temporary array for summing-up building volume
780	ALLOCATE( volume(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
781	ALLOCATE( volume_l(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
782	volume = 0.0_wp
783	volume_l = 0.0_wp
784	!
785	!-- Calculate building volume per height level on each PE where these building is present.
786	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
787
788	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%volume(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
789	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%vol_frac(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
790	buildings(nb)%volume = 0.0_wp
791	buildings(nb)%vol_frac = 0.0_wp
792
793	IF ( ANY( building_id_f%var(nys:nyn,nxl:nxr) == buildings(nb)%id ) ) THEN
794	DO i = nxl, nxr
795	DO j = nys, nyn
796	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
797	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) &
798	volume_l(k) = volume_l(k) + dx * dy * dzw(k+1)
799	ENDDO
800	ENDDO
801	ENDDO
802	ENDIF
803	ENDIF
804	!
805	!-- Sum-up building volume from all subdomains
806	#if defined( __parallel )
807	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( volume_l, volume, SIZE(volume), MPI_REAL, MPI_SUM, comm2d, ierr )
808	#else
809	volume = volume_l
810	#endif
811	!
812	!-- Save total building volume as well as local fraction on volume on building data structure.
813	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%volume ) ) buildings(nb)%volume = volume
814	!
815	!-- Determine fraction of local on total building volume
816	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) buildings(nb)%vol_frac = volume_l / volume
817	!
818	!-- Calculate total building volume
819	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%volume ) ) buildings(nb)%vol_tot = SUM( buildings(nb)%volume )
820
821	DEALLOCATE( volume )
822	DEALLOCATE( volume_l )
823
824	ENDDO
825	!
826	!-- Allocate arrays for indoor temperature.
827	DO nb = 1, num_build
828	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
829	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%t_in(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
830	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%t_in_l(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
831	buildings(nb)%t_in = 0.0_wp
832	buildings(nb)%t_in_l = 0.0_wp
833	ENDIF
834	ENDDO
835	!
836	!-- Allocate arrays for number of facades per height level. Distinguish between horizontal and
837	!-- vertical facades.
838	DO nb = 1, num_build
839	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
840	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
841	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
842
843	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = 0
844	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = 0
845	ENDIF
846	ENDDO
847	!
848	!-- Determine number of facade elements per building on local subdomain.
849	!-- Distinguish between horizontal and vertical facade elements.
850	!
851	!-- Horizontal facades
852	buildings(:)%num_facades_per_building_h_l = 0
853	DO l = 0, 1
854	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(l)%ns
855	!
856	!-- For the current facade element determine corresponding building index.
857	!-- First, obtain j,j,k indices of the building. Please note the offset between facade/surface
858	!-- element and building location (for horizontal surface elements the horizontal offsets are
859	!-- zero).
860	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%ioff
861	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%joff
862	k = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%koff
863	!
864	!-- Determine building index and check whether building is on PE.
865	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
866
867	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
868	!
869	!-- Count number of facade elements at each height level.
870	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) = buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + 1
871	!
872	!-- Moreover, sum up number of local facade elements per building.
873	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l = &
874	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l + 1
875	ENDIF
876	ENDDO
877	ENDDO
878	!
879	!-- Vertical facades
880	buildings(:)%num_facades_per_building_v_l = 0
881	DO l = 0, 3
882	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
883	!
884	!-- For the current facade element determine corresponding building index.
885	!-- First, obtain j,j,k indices of the building. Please note the offset between facade/surface
886	!-- element and building location (for vertical surface elements the vertical offsets are
887	!-- zero).
888	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
889	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%joff
890	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%koff
891
892	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
893	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
894	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) = buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) + 1
895	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l = &
896	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l + 1
897	ENDIF
898	ENDDO
899	ENDDO
900	!
901	!-- Determine total number of facade elements per building and assign number to building data type.
902	DO nb = 1, num_build
903	!
904	!-- Allocate dummy array used for summing-up facade elements.
905	!-- Please note, dummy arguments are necessary as building-date type arrays are not necessarily
906	!-- allocated on all PEs.
907	ALLOCATE( num_facades_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
908	ALLOCATE( num_facades_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
909	ALLOCATE( receive_dum_h(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
910	ALLOCATE( receive_dum_v(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
911	num_facades_h = 0
912	num_facades_v = 0
913	receive_dum_h = 0
914	receive_dum_v = 0
915
916	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
917	num_facades_h = buildings(nb)%num_facade_h
918	num_facades_v = buildings(nb)%num_facade_v
919	ENDIF
920
921	#if defined( __parallel )
922	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_facades_h, &
923	receive_dum_h, &
924	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
925	MPI_INTEGER, &
926	MPI_SUM, &
927	comm2d, &
928	ierr )
929
930	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( num_facades_v, &
931	receive_dum_v, &
932	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
933	MPI_INTEGER, &
934	MPI_SUM, &
935	comm2d, &
936	ierr )
937	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h ) ) buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = receive_dum_h
938	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v ) ) buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = receive_dum_v
939	#else
940	buildings(nb)%num_facade_h = num_facades_h
941	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v = num_facades_v
942	#endif
943
944	!
945	!-- Deallocate dummy arrays
946	DEALLOCATE( num_facades_h )
947	DEALLOCATE( num_facades_v )
948	DEALLOCATE( receive_dum_h )
949	DEALLOCATE( receive_dum_v )
950	!
951	!-- Allocate index arrays which link facade elements with surface-data type.
952	!-- Please note, no height levels are considered here (information is stored in surface-data type
953	!-- itself).
954	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
955	!
956	!-- Determine number of facade elements per building.
957	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h = SUM( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h )
958	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v = SUM( buildings(nb)%num_facade_v )
959	!
960	!-- Allocate arrays which link the building with the horizontal and vertical urban-type
961	!-- surfaces. Please note, linking arrays are allocated over all facade elements, which is
962	!-- required in case a building is located at the subdomain boundaries, where the building and
963	!-- the corresponding surface elements are located on different subdomains.
964	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%l_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
965	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%m_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
966
967	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%l_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
968	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%m_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
969
970	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l) )
971	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(1:buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l) )
972	ENDIF
973
974	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
975	ALLOCATE( buildings(nb)%vpf(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
976	buildings(nb)%vpf = 0.0_wp
977
978	facade_area_v = 0.0_wp
979	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
980	facade_area_v = facade_area_v + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) * dzw(k+1) * dx
981	ENDDO
982	!
983	!-- Determine volume per total facade area (vpf). For the horizontal facade area
984	!-- num_facades_per_building_h can be taken, multiplied with dx*dy.
985	!-- However, due to grid stretching, vertical facade elements must be summed-up vertically.
986	!-- Please note, if dx /= dy, an error is made!
987	buildings(nb)%vpf = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / &
988	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy + facade_area_v )
989	!
990	!-- Determine floor-area-per-facade.
991	buildings(nb)%fapf = buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy &
992	/ ( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h * dx * dy &
993	+ facade_area_v )
994	ENDIF
995	ENDDO
996	!
997	!-- Link facade elements with surface data type.
998	!-- Allocate array for counting.
999	ALLOCATE( n_fa(1:num_build) )
1000	n_fa = 1
1001
1002	DO l = 0, 1
1003	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(l)%ns
1004	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%ioff
1005	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%joff
1006
1007	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
1008
1009	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1010	buildings(nb)%l_h(n_fa(nb)) = l
1011	buildings(nb)%m_h(n_fa(nb)) = m
1012	n_fa(nb) = n_fa(nb) + 1
1013	ENDIF
1014	ENDDO
1015	ENDDO
1016
1017	n_fa = 1
1018	DO l = 0, 3
1019	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
1020	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
1021	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%joff
1022
1023	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
1024
1025	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1026	buildings(nb)%l_v(n_fa(nb)) = l
1027	buildings(nb)%m_v(n_fa(nb)) = m
1028	n_fa(nb) = n_fa(nb) + 1
1029	ENDIF
1030	ENDDO
1031	ENDDO
1032	DEALLOCATE( n_fa )
1033	!
1034	!-- Initialize building parameters, first by mean building type. Note, in this case all buildings
1035	!-- have the same type.
1036	!-- In a second step initialize with building tpyes from static input file, where building types can
1037	!-- be individual for each building.
1038	buildings(:)%lambda_layer3 = building_pars(31,building_type)
1039	buildings(:)%s_layer3 = building_pars(44,building_type)
1040	buildings(:)%f_c_win = building_pars(119,building_type)
1041	buildings(:)%g_value_win = building_pars(120,building_type)
1042	buildings(:)%u_value_win = building_pars(121,building_type)
1043	buildings(:)%eta_ve = building_pars(124,building_type)
1044	buildings(:)%factor_a = building_pars(125,building_type)
1045	buildings(:)%factor_c = building_pars(126,building_type)
1046	buildings(:)%lambda_at = building_pars(127,building_type)
1047	buildings(:)%theta_int_h_set = building_pars(13,building_type)
1048	buildings(:)%theta_int_c_set = building_pars(12,building_type)
1049	buildings(:)%q_h_max = building_pars(128,building_type)
1050	buildings(:)%q_c_max = building_pars(129,building_type)
1051	buildings(:)%qint_high = building_pars(130,building_type)
1052	buildings(:)%qint_low = building_pars(131,building_type)
1053	buildings(:)%height_storey = building_pars(132,building_type)
1054	buildings(:)%height_cei_con = building_pars(133,building_type)
1055	buildings(:)%params_waste_heat_h = building_pars(134,building_type)
1056	buildings(:)%params_waste_heat_c = building_pars(135,building_type)
1057	!
1058	!-- Initialize seasonal dependent parameters, depending on day of the year.
1059	!-- First, calculated day of the year.
1060	CALL get_date_time( time_since_reference_point, day_of_year = day_of_year )
1061	!
1062	!-- Summer is defined in between northward- and southward equinox.
1063	IF ( day_of_year >= northward_equinox .AND. day_of_year <= southward_equinox ) THEN
1064	buildings(:)%air_change_low = summer_pars(0,building_type)
1065	buildings(:)%air_change_high = summer_pars(1,building_type)
1066	ELSE
1067	buildings(:)%air_change_low = winter_pars(0,building_type)
1068	buildings(:)%air_change_high = winter_pars(1,building_type)
1069	ENDIF
1070	!
1071	!-- Initialize ventilation load. Please note, building types > 7 are actually not allowed (check
1072	!-- already in urban_surface_mod and netcdf_data_input_mod.
1073	!-- However, the building data base may be later extended.
1074	IF ( building_type == 1 .OR. building_type == 2 .OR. &
1075	building_type == 3 .OR. building_type == 10 .OR. &
1076	building_type == 11 .OR. building_type == 12 ) THEN
1077	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 1
1078	!
1079	!-- Office, building with large windows
1080	ELSEIF ( building_type == 4 .OR. building_type == 5 .OR. &
1081	building_type == 6 .OR. building_type == 7 .OR. &
1082	building_type == 8 .OR. building_type == 9) THEN
1083	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 2
1084	!
1085	!-- Industry, hospitals
1086	ELSEIF ( building_type == 13 .OR. building_type == 14 .OR. &
1087	building_type == 15 .OR. building_type == 16 .OR. &
1088	building_type == 17 .OR. building_type == 18 ) THEN
1089	buildings(:)%ventilation_int_loads = 3
1090	ENDIF
1091	!
1092	!-- Initialization of building parameters - level 2
1093	IF ( building_type_f%from_file ) THEN
1094	DO i = nxl, nxr
1095	DO j = nys, nyn
1096	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
1097	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
1098	bt = building_type_f%var(j,i)
1099
1100	buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 = building_pars(31,bt)
1101	buildings(nb)%s_layer3 = building_pars(44,bt)
1102	buildings(nb)%f_c_win = building_pars(119,bt)
1103	buildings(nb)%g_value_win = building_pars(120,bt)
1104	buildings(nb)%u_value_win = building_pars(121,bt)
1105	buildings(nb)%eta_ve = building_pars(124,bt)
1106	buildings(nb)%factor_a = building_pars(125,bt)
1107	buildings(nb)%factor_c = building_pars(126,bt)
1108	buildings(nb)%lambda_at = building_pars(127,bt)
1109	buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set = building_pars(13,bt)
1110	buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set = building_pars(12,bt)
1111	buildings(nb)%q_h_max = building_pars(128,bt)
1112	buildings(nb)%q_c_max = building_pars(129,bt)
1113	buildings(nb)%qint_high = building_pars(130,bt)
1114	buildings(nb)%qint_low = building_pars(131,bt)
1115	buildings(nb)%height_storey = building_pars(132,bt)
1116	buildings(nb)%height_cei_con = building_pars(133,bt)
1117	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h = building_pars(134,bt)
1118	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c = building_pars(135,bt)
1119
1120	IF ( day_of_year >= northward_equinox .AND. day_of_year <= southward_equinox ) THEN
1121	buildings(nb)%air_change_low = summer_pars(0,bt)
1122	buildings(nb)%air_change_high = summer_pars(1,bt)
1123	ELSE
1124	buildings(nb)%air_change_low = winter_pars(0,bt)
1125	buildings(nb)%air_change_high = winter_pars(1,bt)
1126	ENDIF
1127
1128	!
1129	!-- Initialize ventilaation load. Please note, building types > 7
1130	!-- are actually not allowed (check already in urban_surface_mod
1131	!-- and netcdf_data_input_mod. However, the building data base may
1132	!-- be later extended.
1133	IF ( bt == 1 .OR. bt == 2 .OR. &
1134	bt == 3 .OR. bt == 10 .OR. &
1135	bt == 11 .OR. bt == 12 ) THEN
1136	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 1
1137	!
1138	!-- Office, building with large windows
1139	ELSEIF ( bt == 4 .OR. bt == 5 .OR. &
1140	bt == 6 .OR. bt == 7 .OR. &
1141	bt == 8 .OR. bt == 9) THEN
1142	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 2
1143	!
1144	!-- Industry, hospitals
1145	ELSEIF ( bt == 13 .OR. bt == 14 .OR. &
1146	bt == 15 .OR. bt == 16 .OR. &
1147	bt == 17 .OR. bt == 18 ) THEN
1148	buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads = 3
1149	ENDIF
1150	ENDIF
1151	ENDDO
1152	ENDDO
1153	ENDIF
1154	!
1155	!-- Calculation of surface-related heat transfer coeffiecient out of standard u-values from building
1156	!-- database.
1157	!-- Only amount of extern and surface is used.
1158	!-- Otherwise amount between air and surface taken account twice.
1159	DO nb = 1, num_build
1160	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1161	du_win_tmp = 1.0_wp / buildings(nb)%u_value_win
1162	u_tmp = buildings(nb)%u_value_win * ( du_win_tmp / ( du_win_tmp - &
1163	0.125_wp + ( 1.0_wp / h_is ) ) )
1164
1165	du_tmp = 1.0_wp / u_tmp
1166
1167	buildings(nb)%h_es = 1.0_wp / ( du_tmp - ( 1.0_wp / h_is ) )
1168
1169	ENDIF
1170	ENDDO
1171	!
1172	!-- Initialize indoor temperature. Actually only for output at initial state.
1173	DO nb = 1, num_build
1174	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1175	buildings(nb)%t_in(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
1176
1177	!
1178	!-- (after first loop, use theta_m_t as theta_m_t_prev)
1179	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
1180	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(:) = initial_indoor_temperature
1181
1182	ENDIF
1183	ENDDO
1184
1185	CALL location_message( 'initializing indoor model', 'finished' )
1186
1187	END SUBROUTINE im_init
1188
1189
1190	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1191	! Description:
1192	! ------------
1193	!> Main part of the indoor model.
1194	!> Calculation of .... (kanani: Please describe)
1195	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1196	SUBROUTINE im_main_heatcool
1197
1198	! USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
1199	! ONLY: c_p
1200
1201	USE control_parameters, &
1202	ONLY: time_since_reference_point
1203
1204	USE grid_variables, &
1205	ONLY: dx, dy
1206
1207	USE pegrid
1208
1209	USE surface_mod, &
1210	ONLY: ind_pav_green, &
1211	ind_veg_wall, &
1212	ind_wat_win, &
1213	surf_usm_h, &
1214	surf_usm_v
1215
1216	USE urban_surface_mod, &
1217	ONLY: building_type, &
1218	nzt_wall, &
1219	t_green_h, &
1220	t_green_v, &
1221	t_wall_h, &
1222	t_wall_v, &
1223	t_window_h, &
1224	t_window_v
1225
1226
1227	INTEGER(iwp) :: fa !< running index for facade elements of each building
1228	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in x-direction
1229	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in y-direction
1230	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< index of facade-adjacent atmosphere grid point in z-direction
1231	INTEGER(iwp) :: kk !< vertical index of indoor grid point adjacent to facade
1232	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index for surface-element orientation
1233	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
1234	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< running index for buildings
1235
1236	LOGICAL :: during_spinup !< flag indicating that the simulation is still in wall/soil spinup
1237
1238	REAL(wp) :: frac_green !< dummy for green fraction
1239	REAL(wp) :: frac_wall !< dummy for wall fraction
1240	REAL(wp) :: frac_win !< dummy for window fraction
1241	! REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_window_temperature !< weighted temperature of innermost wall/window layer
1242	REAL(wp) :: indoor_wall_temperature !< temperature of innermost wall layer evtl in im_calc_temperatures einfÃŒgen
1243	REAL(wp) :: near_facade_temperature !< outside air temperature 10cm away from facade
1244	REAL(wp) :: second_of_day !< second of the current day
1245	REAL(wp) :: time_utc_hour !< time of day (hour UTC)
1246
1247	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_l_send !< dummy send buffer used for summing-up indoor temperature per kk-level
1248	REAL(wp), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: t_in_recv !< dummy recv buffer used for summing-up indoor temperature per kk-level
1249	!
1250	!-- Determine time of day in hours.
1251	CALL get_date_time( time_since_reference_point, second_of_day=second_of_day )
1252	time_utc_hour = second_of_day / seconds_per_hour
1253	!
1254	!-- Check if the simulation is still in wall/soil spinup mode
1255	during_spinup = MERGE( .TRUE., .FALSE., time_since_reference_point < 0.0_wp )
1256	!
1257	!-- Following calculations must be done for each facade element.
1258	DO nb = 1, num_build
1259	!
1260	!-- First, check whether building is present on local subdomain.
1261	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1262	!
1263	!-- Determine daily schedule. 08:00-18:00 = 1, other hours = 0.
1264	!-- Residental Building, panel WBS 70
1265	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 1 ) THEN
1266	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 8.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 18.0_wp ) THEN
1267	schedule_d = 0
1268	ELSE
1269	schedule_d = 1
1270	ENDIF
1271	ENDIF
1272	!
1273	!-- Office, building with large windows
1274	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 2 ) THEN
1275	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 8.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 18.0_wp ) THEN
1276	schedule_d = 1
1277	ELSE
1278	schedule_d = 0
1279	ENDIF
1280	ENDIF
1281	!
1282	!-- Industry, hospitals
1283	IF ( buildings(nb)%ventilation_int_loads == 3 ) THEN
1284	IF ( time_utc_hour >= 6.0_wp .AND. time_utc_hour <= 22.0_wp ) THEN
1285	schedule_d = 1
1286	ELSE
1287	schedule_d = 0
1288	ENDIF
1289	ENDIF
1290	!
1291	!-- Initialize/reset indoor temperature
1292	buildings(nb)%t_in_l = 0.0_wp
1293	!
1294	!-- Horizontal surfaces
1295	DO fa = 1, buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h_l
1296	!
1297	!-- Determine indices where corresponding surface-type information is stored.
1298	l = buildings(nb)%l_h(fa)
1299	m = buildings(nb)%m_h(fa)
1300	!
1301	!-- During spinup set window fraction to zero and add these to wall fraction.
1302	frac_win = MERGE( surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win), 0.0_wp, .NOT. during_spinup )
1303	frac_wall = MERGE( surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall), &
1304	surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) + &
1305	surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win), &
1306	.NOT. during_spinup )
1307	frac_green = surf_usm_h(l)%frac(m,ind_pav_green)
1308	!
1309	!-- Determine building height level index.
1310	kk = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_h(l)%koff
1311	!
1312	!-- Building geometries --> not time-dependent
1313	facade_element_area = dx * dy !< [m2] surface area per facade element
1314	floor_area_per_facade = buildings(nb)%fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
1315	indoor_volume_per_facade = buildings(nb)%vpf(kk) !< [m3/m2] indoor air volume per facade area
1316	buildings(nb)%area_facade = facade_element_area * &
1317	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h + &
1318	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v ) !< [m2] area of total facade
1319	window_area_per_facade = frac_win * facade_element_area !< [m2] window area per facade element
1320
1321	buildings(nb)%net_floor_area = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / ( buildings(nb)%height_storey )
1322	total_area = buildings(nb)%net_floor_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces
1323	!< pointing to zone Eq. (9) according to section 7.2.2.2
1324	a_m = buildings(nb)%factor_a * total_area * &
1325	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) * &
1326	buildings(nb)%lambda_at !< [m2] standard values
1327	!< according to Table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (65) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1328	c_m = buildings(nb)%factor_c * total_area * &
1329	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) !< [J/K] standard values
1330	!< according to table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (66) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1331	!
1332	!-- Calculation of heat transfer coefficient for transmission --> not time-dependent
1333	h_t_es = window_area_per_facade * buildings(nb)%h_es !< [W/K] only for windows
1334
1335	h_t_is = buildings(nb)%area_facade * h_is !< [W/K] with h_is = 3.45 W /
1336	!< (m2 K) between surface and air, Eq. (9)
1337	h_t_ms = a_m * h_ms !< [W/K] with h_ms = 9.10 W /
1338	!< (m2 K) between component and surface, Eq. (64)
1339	h_t_wall = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / ( ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade ) & !< [W/K]
1340	* buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 / buildings(nb)%s_layer3 * 0.5_wp &
1341	) + 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] opaque components
1342	h_t_wm = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / h_t_wall - 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] emmision Eq. (63),
1343	!< Section 12.2.2
1344	!
1345	!-- Internal air loads dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1346	!-- Basical internal heat gains (qint_low) with additional internal heat gains by occupancy (qint_high) (0,5*phi_int).
1347	phi_ia = 0.5_wp * ( ( buildings(nb)%qint_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%qint_low ) &
1348	* floor_area_per_facade )
1349	q_int = phi_ia / total_area
1350	!
1351	!-- Airflow dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1352	!-- Basical airflow (air_change_low) with additional airflow gains by occupancy (air_change_high)
1353	air_change = ( buildings(nb)%air_change_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%air_change_low ) !< [1/h]?
1354	!
1355	!-- Heat transfer of ventilation.
1356	!-- Not less than 0.01 W/K to avoid division by 0 in further calculations with heat
1357	!-- capacity of air 0.33 Wh/m2K.
1358	h_v = MAX( 0.01_wp , ( air_change * indoor_volume_per_facade * &
1359	0.33_wp * (1.0_wp - buildings(nb)%eta_ve ) ) ) !< [W/K] from ISO 13789 Eq.(10)
1360
1361	!-- Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variables
1362	h_t_1 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_v ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_is ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.6)
1363	h_t_2 = h_t_1 + h_t_es !< [W/K] Eq. (C.7)
1364	h_t_3 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_t_2 ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.8)
1365	!
1366	!-- Net short-wave radiation through window area (was i_global)
1367	net_sw_in = surf_usm_h(l)%rad_sw_in(m) - surf_usm_h(l)%rad_sw_out(m)
1368	!
1369	!-- Quantities needed for im_calc_temperatures
1370	i = surf_usm_h(l)%i(m)
1371	j = surf_usm_h(l)%j(m)
1372	k = surf_usm_h(l)%k(m)
1373	near_facade_temperature = surf_usm_h(l)%pt_10cm(m)
1374	! indoor_wall_window_temperature = frac_wall * t_wall_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1375	! + frac_win * t_window_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1376	! + frac_green * t_green_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
1377	indoor_wall_temperature = frac_wall * t_wall_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1378	+ frac_win * t_window_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1379	+ frac_green * t_green_h(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
1380	!
1381	!-- Solar thermal gains. If net_sw_in larger than sun-protection threshold parameter
1382	!-- (params_solar_protection), sun protection will be activated.
1383	IF ( net_sw_in <= params_solar_protection ) THEN
1384	solar_protection_off = 1
1385	solar_protection_on = 0
1386	ELSE
1387	solar_protection_off = 0
1388	solar_protection_on = 1
1389	ENDIF
1390	!
1391	!-- Calculation of total heat gains from net_sw_in through windows [W] in respect on
1392	!-- automatic sun protection.
1393	!-- DIN 4108 - 2 chap.8
1394	phi_sol = ( window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * solar_protection_off &
1395	+ window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * buildings(nb)%f_c_win * &
1396	solar_protection_on ) &
1397	* buildings(nb)%g_value_win * ( 1.0_wp - params_f_f ) * params_f_w
1398	q_sol = phi_sol
1399	!
1400	!-- Calculation of the mass specific thermal load for internal and external heatsources of
1401	!-- the inner node.
1402	phi_m = (a_m / total_area) * ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.2) with
1403	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1404	q_c_m = phi_m
1405	!
1406	!-- Calculation mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass
1407	phi_st = ( 1.0_wp - ( a_m / total_area ) - ( h_t_es / ( 9.1_wp * total_area ) ) ) &
1408	* ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.3) with
1409	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1410	q_c_st = phi_st
1411	!
1412	!-- Calculations for deriving indoor temperature and heat flux into the wall
1413	!-- Step 1: indoor temperature without heating and cooling
1414	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 3)
1415	phi_hc_nd = 0.0_wp
1416
1417	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
1418	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
1419	!
1420	!-- If air temperature between border temperatures of heating and cooling, assign output
1421	!-- variable, then ready.
1422	IF ( buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set <= theta_air .AND. &
1423	theta_air <= buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1424	phi_hc_nd_ac = 0.0_wp
1425	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1426	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1427	!
1428	!-- Step 2: Else, apply 10 W/m2 heating/cooling power and calculate indoor temperature
1429	!-- again.
1430	ELSE
1431	!
1432	!-- Temperature not correct, calculation method according to section C4.2
1433	theta_air_0 = theta_air !< temperature without heating/cooling
1434	!
1435	!-- Heating or cooling?
1436	IF ( theta_air_0 > buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1437	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set
1438	ELSE
1439	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set
1440	ENDIF
1441	!
1442	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_10
1443	phi_hc_nd_10 = 10.0_wp * floor_area_per_facade
1444	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_10
1445
1446	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
1447	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
1448	theta_air_10 = theta_air !< temperature with 10 W/m2 of heating
1449	!
1450	!-- Avoid division by zero at first timestep where the denominator can become zero.
1451	IF ( ABS( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) < 1E-10_wp ) THEN
1452	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10
1453	ELSE
1454	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10 * ( theta_air_set - theta_air_0 ) &
1455	/ ( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) !< Eq. (C.13)
1456	ENDIF
1457	!
1458	!-- Step 3: with temperature ratio to determine the heating or cooling capacity.
1459	!-- If necessary, limit the power to maximum power.
1460	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 2) and 4)
1461	buildings(nb)%phi_c_max = buildings(nb)%q_c_max * floor_area_per_facade
1462	buildings(nb)%phi_h_max = buildings(nb)%q_h_max * floor_area_per_facade
1463	IF ( buildings(nb)%phi_c_max < phi_hc_nd_un .AND. &
1464	phi_hc_nd_un < buildings(nb)%phi_h_max ) THEN
1465	phi_hc_nd_ac = phi_hc_nd_un
1466	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_un
1467	ELSE
1468	!
1469	!-- Step 4: inner temperature with maximum heating (phi_hc_nd_un positive) or cooling
1470	!-- (phi_hc_nd_un negative)
1471	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 1) and 5)
1472	IF ( phi_hc_nd_un > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1473	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_h_max !< Limit heating
1474	ELSE
1475	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_c_max !< Limit cooling
1476	ENDIF
1477	ENDIF
1478	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1479	!
1480	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_ac (new)
1481	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
1482	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) )
1483	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1484	ENDIF
1485	!
1486	!-- Update theta_m_t_prev
1487	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_h(fa) = theta_m_t
1488
1489
1490	q_vent = h_v * ( theta_air - near_facade_temperature )
1491	!
1492	!-- Calculate the operating temperature with weighted mean temperature of air and mean
1493	!-- solar temperature.
1494	!-- Will be used for thermal comfort calculations.
1495	theta_op = 0.3_wp * theta_air_ac + 0.7_wp * theta_s !< [degree_C] operative Temperature Eq. (C.12)
1496
1497	! surf_usm_h(l)%t_indoor(m) = theta_op !< not integrated now
1498	!
1499	!-- Heat flux into the wall. Value needed in urban_surface_mod to
1500	!-- calculate heat transfer through wall layers towards the facade
1501	!-- (use c_p * rho_surface to convert [W/m2] into [K m/s])
1502	IF ( (facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1503	q_wall = h_t_wm * ( indoor_wall_temperature - theta_m ) &
1504	/ ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade )
1505	ELSE
1506	q_wall = 0.0_wp
1507	ENDIF
1508
1509	IF ( window_area_per_facade > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1510	q_win = h_t_es * ( pt(k,j,i) - theta_s ) / ( window_area_per_facade )
1511	ELSE
1512	q_win = 0.0_wp
1513	ENDIF
1514	!
1515	!-- Transfer q_wall & q_win back to USM (innermost wall/window layer)
1516	surf_usm_h(l)%iwghf_eb(m) = - q_wall
1517	surf_usm_h(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m) = - q_win
1518	!
1519	!-- Sum up operational indoor temperature per kk-level. Further below, this temperature is
1520	!-- reduced by MPI to one temperature per kk-level and building (processor overlapping).
1521	buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) = buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) + theta_op
1522	!
1523	!-- Calculation of waste heat.
1524	!-- Anthropogenic heat output.
1525	IF ( phi_hc_nd_ac > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1526	heating_on = 1
1527	cooling_on = 0
1528	ELSE
1529	heating_on = 0
1530	cooling_on = -1
1531	ENDIF
1532
1533	q_waste_heat = ( phi_hc_nd * ( &
1534	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h * heating_on + &
1535	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c * cooling_on ) &
1536	) / facade_element_area !< [W/m2] , observe the directional
1537	!< convention in PALM!
1538	surf_usm_h(l)%waste_heat(m) = q_waste_heat
1539	ENDDO !< Horizontal surfaces loop
1540	!
1541	!-- Vertical surfaces
1542	DO fa = 1, buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v_l
1543	!
1544	!-- Determine indices where corresponding surface-type information is stored.
1545	l = buildings(nb)%l_v(fa)
1546	m = buildings(nb)%m_v(fa)
1547	!
1548	!-- During spinup set window fraction to zero and add these to wall fraction.
1549	frac_win = MERGE( surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win), 0.0_wp, .NOT. during_spinup )
1550	frac_wall = MERGE( surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall), &
1551	surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_veg_wall) + &
1552	surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_wat_win), &
1553	.NOT. during_spinup )
1554	frac_green = surf_usm_v(l)%frac(m,ind_pav_green)
1555	!
1556	!-- Determine building height level index.
1557	kk = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) + surf_usm_v(l)%koff
1558	!
1559	!-- (SOME OF THE FOLLOWING (not time-dependent) COULD PROBABLY GO INTO A FUNCTION
1560	!-- EXCEPT facade_element_area, EVERYTHING IS CALCULATED EQUALLY)
1561	!-- Building geometries --> not time-dependent
1562	IF ( l == 0 .OR. l == 1 ) facade_element_area = dx * dzw(kk+1) !< [m2] surface area per facade element
1563	IF ( l == 2 .OR. l == 3 ) facade_element_area = dy * dzw(kk+1) !< [m2] surface area per facade element
1564
1565	floor_area_per_facade = buildings(nb)%fapf !< [m2/m2] floor area per facade area
1566	indoor_volume_per_facade = buildings(nb)%vpf(kk) !< [m3/m2] indoor air volume per facade area
1567	buildings(nb)%area_facade = facade_element_area * &
1568	( buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_h + &
1569	buildings(nb)%num_facades_per_building_v ) !< [m2] area of total facade
1570	window_area_per_facade = frac_win * facade_element_area !< [m2] window area per facade element
1571
1572	buildings(nb)%net_floor_area = buildings(nb)%vol_tot / ( buildings(nb)%height_storey )
1573	total_area = buildings(nb)%net_floor_area !< [m2] area of all surfaces
1574	!< pointing to zone Eq. (9) according to section 7.2.2.2
1575	a_m = buildings(nb)%factor_a * total_area * &
1576	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) * &
1577	buildings(nb)%lambda_at !< [m2] standard values
1578	!< according to Table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (65) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1579	c_m = buildings(nb)%factor_c * total_area * &
1580	( facade_element_area / buildings(nb)%area_facade ) !< [J/K] standard values
1581	!< according to table 12 section 12.3.1.2 (calculate over Eq. (66) according to section 12.3.1.2)
1582	!
1583	!-- Calculation of heat transfer coefficient for transmission --> not time-dependent
1584	h_t_es = window_area_per_facade * buildings(nb)%h_es !< [W/K] only for windows
1585
1586	h_t_is = buildings(nb)%area_facade * h_is !< [W/K] with h_is = 3.45 W /
1587	!< (m2 K) between surface and air, Eq. (9)
1588	h_t_ms = a_m * h_ms !< [W/K] with h_ms = 9.10 W /
1589	!< (m2 K) between component and surface, Eq. (64)
1590	h_t_wall = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / ( ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade ) & !< [W/K]
1591	* buildings(nb)%lambda_layer3 / buildings(nb)%s_layer3 * 0.5_wp &
1592	) + 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] opaque components
1593	h_t_wm = 1.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp / h_t_wall - 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) !< [W/K] emmision Eq. (63), Section 12.2.2
1594	!
1595	!-- Internal air loads dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1596	!-- Basical internal heat gains (qint_low) with additional internal heat gains by occupancy
1597	!-- (qint_high) (0,5*phi_int)
1598	phi_ia = 0.5_wp * ( ( buildings(nb)%qint_high * schedule_d + buildings(nb)%qint_low ) &
1599	* floor_area_per_facade )
1600	q_int = phi_ia
1601
1602	!
1603	!-- Airflow dependent on the occupacy of the room.
1604	!-- Basical airflow (air_change_low) with additional airflow gains by occupancy
1605	!-- (air_change_high)
1606	air_change = ( buildings(nb)%air_change_high * schedule_d + &
1607	buildings(nb)%air_change_low )
1608	!
1609	!-- Heat transfer of ventilation.
1610	!-- Not less than 0.01 W/K to avoid division by 0 in further calculations with heat
1611	!-- capacity of air 0.33 Wh/m2K
1612	h_v = MAX( 0.01_wp , ( air_change * indoor_volume_per_facade * &
1613	0.33_wp * (1.0_wp - buildings(nb)%eta_ve ) ) ) !< [W/K] from ISO 13789
1614	!< Eq.(10)
1615
1616	!-- Heat transfer coefficient auxiliary variables
1617	h_t_1 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_v ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_is ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.6)
1618	h_t_2 = h_t_1 + h_t_es !< [W/K] Eq. (C.7)
1619	h_t_3 = 1.0_wp / ( ( 1.0_wp / h_t_2 ) + ( 1.0_wp / h_t_ms ) ) !< [W/K] Eq. (C.8)
1620	!
1621	!-- Net short-wave radiation through window area (was i_global)
1622	net_sw_in = surf_usm_v(l)%rad_sw_in(m) - surf_usm_v(l)%rad_sw_out(m)
1623	!
1624	!-- Quantities needed for im_calc_temperatures
1625	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
1626	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
1627	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
1628	near_facade_temperature = surf_usm_v(l)%pt_10cm(m)
1629
1630	! indoor_wall_window_temperature = frac_wall * t_wall_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1631	! + frac_win * t_window_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1632	! + frac_green * t_green_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
1633
1634	indoor_wall_temperature = frac_wall * t_wall_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1635	+ frac_win * t_window_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m) &
1636	+ frac_green * t_green_v(l)%val(nzt_wall,m)
1637
1638	!
1639	!-- Solar thermal gains. If net_sw_in larger than sun-protection
1640	!-- threshold parameter (params_solar_protection), sun protection will
1641	!-- be activated
1642	IF ( net_sw_in <= params_solar_protection ) THEN
1643	solar_protection_off = 1
1644	solar_protection_on = 0
1645	ELSE
1646	solar_protection_off = 0
1647	solar_protection_on = 1
1648	ENDIF
1649	!
1650	!-- Calculation of total heat gains from net_sw_in through windows [W] in respect on
1651	!-- automatic sun protection.
1652	!-- DIN 4108 - 2 chap.8
1653	phi_sol = ( window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * solar_protection_off &
1654	+ window_area_per_facade * net_sw_in * buildings(nb)%f_c_win * &
1655	solar_protection_on ) &
1656	* buildings(nb)%g_value_win * ( 1.0_wp - params_f_f ) * params_f_w
1657	q_sol = phi_sol
1658	!
1659	!-- Calculation of the mass specific thermal load for internal and external heatsources.
1660	phi_m = (a_m / total_area) * ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.2) with phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1661	q_c_m = phi_m
1662	!
1663	!-- Calculation mass specific thermal load implied non thermal mass.
1664	phi_st = ( 1.0_wp - ( a_m / total_area ) - ( h_t_es / ( 9.1_wp * total_area ) ) ) &
1665	* ( phi_ia + phi_sol ) !< [W] Eq. (C.3) with
1666	!< phi_ia=0,5*phi_int
1667	q_c_st = phi_st
1668	!
1669	!-- Calculations for deriving indoor temperature and heat flux into the wall.
1670	!-- Step 1: indoor temperature without heating and cooling.
1671	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 3)
1672	phi_hc_nd = 0.0_wp
1673	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
1674	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
1675	!
1676	!-- If air temperature between border temperatures of heating and cooling, assign output
1677	!-- variable, then ready.
1678	IF ( buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set <= theta_air .AND. &
1679	theta_air <= buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1680	phi_hc_nd_ac = 0.0_wp
1681	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1682	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1683	!
1684	!-- Step 2: Else, apply 10 W/m2 heating/cooling power and calculate indoor temperature
1685	!-- again.
1686	ELSE
1687	!
1688	!-- Temperature not correct, calculation method according to section C4.2
1689	theta_air_0 = theta_air !< Note temperature without heating/cooling
1690	!
1691	!-- Heating or cooling?
1692	IF ( theta_air_0 > buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set ) THEN
1693	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_c_set
1694	ELSE
1695	theta_air_set = buildings(nb)%theta_int_h_set
1696	ENDIF
1697
1698	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_10
1699	phi_hc_nd_10 = 10.0_wp * floor_area_per_facade
1700	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_10
1701
1702	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
1703	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
1704
1705	theta_air_10 = theta_air !< Note the temperature with 10 W/m2 of heating
1706	!
1707	!-- Avoid division by zero at first timestep where the denominator can become zero.
1708	IF ( ABS( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) < 1E-10_wp ) THEN
1709	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10
1710	ELSE
1711	phi_hc_nd_un = phi_hc_nd_10 * ( theta_air_set - theta_air_0 ) &
1712	/ ( theta_air_10 - theta_air_0 ) !< Eq. (C.13)
1713	ENDIF
1714	!
1715	!-- Step 3: with temperature ratio to determine the heating or cooling capacity
1716	!-- If necessary, limit the power to maximum power.
1717	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 2) and 4)
1718	buildings(nb)%phi_c_max = buildings(nb)%q_c_max * floor_area_per_facade
1719	buildings(nb)%phi_h_max = buildings(nb)%q_h_max * floor_area_per_facade
1720	IF ( buildings(nb)%phi_c_max < phi_hc_nd_un .AND. &
1721	phi_hc_nd_un < buildings(nb)%phi_h_max ) THEN
1722	phi_hc_nd_ac = phi_hc_nd_un
1723	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_un
1724	ELSE
1725	!
1726	!-- Step 4: inner temperature with maximum heating (phi_hc_nd_un positive) or cooling
1727	!-- (phi_hc_nd_un negative)
1728	!-- section C.4.1 Picture C.2 zone 1) and 5)
1729	IF ( phi_hc_nd_un > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1730	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_h_max !< Limit heating
1731	ELSE
1732	phi_hc_nd_ac = buildings(nb)%phi_c_max !< Limit cooling
1733	ENDIF
1734	ENDIF
1735	phi_hc_nd = phi_hc_nd_ac
1736	!
1737	!-- Calculate the temperature with phi_hc_nd_ac (new)
1738	CALL im_calc_temperatures ( i, j, k, indoor_wall_temperature, &
1739	near_facade_temperature, phi_hc_nd, buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) )
1740	theta_air_ac = theta_air
1741	ENDIF
1742	!
1743	!-- Update theta_m_t_prev
1744	buildings(nb)%theta_m_t_prev_v(fa) = theta_m_t
1745
1746
1747	q_vent = h_v * ( theta_air - near_facade_temperature )
1748	!
1749	!-- Calculate the operating temperature with weighted mean of temperature of air and mean.
1750	!-- Will be used for thermal comfort calculations.
1751	theta_op = 0.3_wp * theta_air_ac + 0.7_wp * theta_s
1752
1753	! surf_usm_v(l)%t_indoor(m) = theta_op !< not integrated yet
1754	!
1755	!-- Heat flux into the wall. Value needed in urban_surface_mod to
1756	!-- calculate heat transfer through wall layers towards the facade
1757	IF ( (facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade) > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1758	q_wall = h_t_wm * ( indoor_wall_temperature - theta_m ) &
1759	/ ( facade_element_area - window_area_per_facade )
1760	ELSE
1761	q_wall = 0.0_wp
1762	ENDIF
1763
1764	IF ( window_area_per_facade > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1765	q_win = h_t_es * ( pt(k,j,i) - theta_s ) / ( window_area_per_facade )
1766	ELSE
1767	q_win = 0.0_wp
1768	ENDIF
1769
1770	!
1771	!-- Transfer q_wall & q_win back to USM (innermost wall/window layer)
1772	surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m) = - q_wall
1773	surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m) = - q_win
1774
1775	! print*, "wwfjg", surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m), surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb_window(m)
1776	!
1777	!-- Sum up operational indoor temperature per kk-level. Further below, this temperature is
1778	!-- reduced by MPI to one temperature per kk-level and building (processor overlapping).
1779	buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) = buildings(nb)%t_in_l(kk) + theta_op
1780	!
1781	!-- Calculation of waste heat.
1782	!-- Anthropogenic heat output.
1783	IF ( phi_hc_nd_ac > 0.0_wp ) THEN
1784	heating_on = 1
1785	cooling_on = 0
1786	ELSE
1787	heating_on = 0
1788	cooling_on = -1
1789	ENDIF
1790
1791	q_waste_heat = ( phi_hc_nd * ( buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_h * heating_on + &
1792	buildings(nb)%params_waste_heat_c * cooling_on ) &
1793	) / facade_element_area !< [W/m2] , observe the directional convention in
1794	!< PALM!
1795	surf_usm_v(l)%waste_heat(m) = q_waste_heat
1796	ENDDO !< Vertical surfaces loop
1797	ENDIF !< buildings(nb)%on_pe
1798	ENDDO !< buildings loop
1799
1800	!
1801	!-- Determine the mean building temperature.
1802	DO nb = 1, num_build
1803	!
1804	!-- Allocate dummy array used for summing-up facade elements.
1805	!-- Please note, dummy arguments are necessary as building-date type arrays are not necessarily
1806	!-- allocated on all PEs.
1807	ALLOCATE( t_in_l_send(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
1808	ALLOCATE( t_in_recv(buildings(nb)%kb_min:buildings(nb)%kb_max) )
1809	t_in_l_send = 0.0_wp
1810	t_in_recv = 0.0_wp
1811
1812	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
1813	t_in_l_send = buildings(nb)%t_in_l
1814	ENDIF
1815
1816
1817	#if defined( __parallel )
1818	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( t_in_l_send, &
1819	t_in_recv, &
1820	buildings(nb)%kb_max - buildings(nb)%kb_min + 1, &
1821	MPI_REAL, &
1822	MPI_SUM, &
1823	comm2d, &
1824	ierr )
1825
1826	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) buildings(nb)%t_in = t_in_recv
1827	#else
1828	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) buildings(nb)%t_in = buildings(nb)%t_in_l
1829	#endif
1830
1831	IF ( ALLOCATED( buildings(nb)%t_in ) ) THEN
1832	!
1833	!-- Average indoor temperature. Note, in case a building is completely surrounded by higher
1834	!-- buildings, it may have no facade elements at some height levels, which will lead to a
1835	!-- division by zero.
1836	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
1837	IF ( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) > 0 ) THEN
1838	buildings(nb)%t_in(k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k) / &
1839	REAL( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + &
1840	buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k), KIND = wp )
1841	ENDIF
1842	ENDDO
1843	!
1844	!-- If indoor temperature is not defined because of missing facade elements, the values from
1845	!-- the above-lying level will be taken.
1846	!-- At least at the top of the buildings facades are defined, so that at least there an indoor
1847	!-- temperature is defined. This information will propagate downwards the building.
1848	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_max-1, buildings(nb)%kb_min, -1
1849	IF ( buildings(nb)%num_facade_h(k) + buildings(nb)%num_facade_v(k) <= 0 ) THEN
1850	buildings(nb)%t_in(k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k+1)
1851	ENDIF
1852	ENDDO
1853	ENDIF
1854
1855
1856	!
1857	!-- Deallocate dummy arrays
1858	DEALLOCATE( t_in_l_send )
1859	DEALLOCATE( t_in_recv )
1860
1861	ENDDO
1862
1863	END SUBROUTINE im_main_heatcool
1864
1865
1866	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1867	! Description:
1868	!-------------
1869	!> Check data output for plant canopy model
1870	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1871	SUBROUTINE im_check_data_output( var, unit )
1872
1873	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: unit !<
1874	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: var !<
1875
1876	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
1877
1878
1879	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof')
1880	unit = 'W m-2'
1881
1882	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win' )
1883	unit = 'W m-2'
1884
1885	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
1886	unit = 'W m-2'
1887
1888	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
1889	unit = 'W m-2'
1890
1891	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean' )
1892	unit = 'K'
1893
1894	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_roof' )
1895	unit = 'K'
1896
1897	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall_win' )
1898	unit = 'K'
1899
1900	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall' )
1901	unit = 'K'
1902
1903	CASE DEFAULT
1904	unit = 'illegal'
1905
1906	END SELECT
1907
1908	END SUBROUTINE
1909
1910
1911	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1912	! Description:
1913	!-------------
1914	!> Check parameters routine for plant canopy model
1915	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1916	SUBROUTINE im_check_parameters
1917
1918	! USE control_parameters,
1919	! ONLY: message_string
1920
1921	END SUBROUTINE im_check_parameters
1922
1923
1924	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1925	! Description:
1926	!-------------
1927	!> Subroutine defining appropriate grid for netcdf variables.
1928	!> It is called from subroutine netcdf.
1929	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1930	SUBROUTINE im_define_netcdf_grid( var, found, grid_x, grid_y, grid_z )
1931
1932	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_x
1933	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_y
1934	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(OUT) :: grid_z
1935	CHARACTER (LEN=*), INTENT(IN) :: var
1936
1937	LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: found
1938
1939
1940	found = .TRUE.
1941	!
1942	!-- Check for the grid
1943	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( var ) )
1944
1945	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof', 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
1946	grid_x = 'x'
1947	grid_y = 'y'
1948	grid_z = 'zw'
1949	!
1950	!-- Heat fluxes at vertical walls are actually defined on stagged grid, i.e. xu, yv.
1951	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win', 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
1952	grid_x = 'x'
1953	grid_y = 'y'
1954	grid_z = 'zu'
1955
1956	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean', 'im_t_indoor_roof', 'im_t_indoor_wall_win', 'indoor_wall' )
1957	grid_x = 'x'
1958	grid_y = 'y'
1959	grid_z = 'zw'
1960
1961	CASE DEFAULT
1962	found = .FALSE.
1963	grid_x = 'none'
1964	grid_y = 'none'
1965	grid_z = 'none'
1966	END SELECT
1967
1968	END SUBROUTINE im_define_netcdf_grid
1969
1970
1971	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1972	! Description:
1973	! ------------
1974	!> Subroutine defining 3D output variables
1975	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
1976	SUBROUTINE im_data_output_3d( av, variable, found, local_pf, fill_value, nzb_do, nzt_do )
1977
1978	USE indices
1979
1980	USE kinds
1981
1982	CHARACTER (LEN=*) :: variable !<
1983
1984	INTEGER(iwp) :: av !<
1985	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !<
1986	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !<
1987	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !<
1988	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !<
1989	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !<
1990	INTEGER(iwp) :: nb !< index of the building in the building data structure
1991	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzb_do !< lower limit of the data output (usually 0)
1992	INTEGER(iwp) :: nzt_do !< vertical upper limit of the data output (usually nz_do3d)
1993
1994	LOGICAL :: found !<
1995
1996	REAL(wp), INTENT(IN) :: fill_value !< value for the _FillValue attribute
1997
1998	REAL(sp), DIMENSION(nxl:nxr,nys:nyn,nzb_do:nzt_do) :: local_pf !<
1999
2000	local_pf = fill_value
2001
2002	found = .TRUE.
2003
2004	SELECT CASE ( TRIM( variable ) )
2005	!
2006	!-- Output of indoor temperature. All grid points within the building are filled with values,
2007	!-- while atmospheric grid points are set to _FillValues.
2008	CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_mean' )
2009	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2010	DO i = nxl, nxr
2011	DO j = nys, nyn
2012	IF ( building_id_f%var(j,i) /= building_id_f%fill ) THEN
2013	!
2014	!-- Determine index of the building within the building data structure.
2015	nb = MINLOC( ABS( buildings(:)%id - building_id_f%var(j,i) ), DIM=1 )
2016	IF ( buildings(nb)%on_pe ) THEN
2017	!
2018	!-- Write mean building temperature onto output array. Please note, in
2019	!-- contrast to many other loops in the output, the vertical bounds are
2020	!-- determined by the lowest and hightest vertical index occupied by the
2021	!-- building.
2022	DO k = buildings(nb)%kb_min, buildings(nb)%kb_max
2023	local_pf(i,j,k) = buildings(nb)%t_in(k)
2024	ENDDO
2025	ENDIF
2026	ENDIF
2027	ENDDO
2028	ENDDO
2029	ENDIF
2030
2031	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof' )
2032	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2033	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(0)%ns
2034	i = surf_usm_h(0)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
2035	j = surf_usm_h(0)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
2036	k = surf_usm_h(0)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
2037	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h(0)%iwghf_eb(m)
2038	ENDDO
2039	ENDIF
2040
2041	CASE ( 'im_hf_roof_waste' )
2042	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2043	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h(0)%ns
2044	i = surf_usm_h(0)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
2045	j = surf_usm_h(0)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
2046	k = surf_usm_h(0)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
2047	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h(0)%waste_heat(m)
2048	ENDDO
2049	ENDIF
2050
2051	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win' )
2052	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2053	DO l = 0, 3
2054	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
2055	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
2056	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
2057	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
2058	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%iwghf_eb(m)
2059	ENDDO
2060	ENDDO
2061	ENDIF
2062
2063	CASE ( 'im_hf_wall_win_waste' )
2064	IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2065	DO l = 0, 3
2066	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
2067	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
2068	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
2069	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
2070	local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%waste_heat(m)
2071	ENDDO
2072	ENDDO
2073	ENDIF
2074
2075	!
2076	!< NOTE im_t_indoor_roof and im_t_indoor_wall_win not work yet
2077
2078	! CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_roof' )
2079	! IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2080	! DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
2081	! i = surf_usm_h%i(m) !+ surf_usm_h%ioff
2082	! j = surf_usm_h%j(m) !+ surf_usm_h%joff
2083	! k = surf_usm_h%k(m) !+ surf_usm_h%koff
2084	! local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_h%t_indoor(m)
2085	! ENDDO
2086	! ENDIF
2087	!
2088	! CASE ( 'im_t_indoor_wall_win' )
2089	! IF ( av == 0 ) THEN
2090	! DO l = 0, 3
2091	! DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
2092	! i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%ioff
2093	! j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%joff
2094	! k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m) !+ surf_usm_v(l)%koff
2095	! local_pf(i,j,k) = surf_usm_v(l)%t_indoor(m)
2096	! ENDDO
2097	! ENDDO
2098	! ENDIF
2099
2100	CASE DEFAULT
2101	found = .FALSE.
2102
2103	END SELECT
2104
2105	END SUBROUTINE im_data_output_3d
2106
2107
2108	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2109	! Description:
2110	! ------------
2111	!> Parin for &indoor_parameters for indoor model
2112	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
2113	SUBROUTINE im_parin
2114
2115	USE control_parameters, &
2116	ONLY: indoor_model
2117
2118
2119	CHARACTER (LEN=80) :: line !< string containing current line of file PARIN
2120
2121	NAMELIST /indoor_parameters/ indoor_during_spinup, &
2122	initial_indoor_temperature
2123
2124
2125	!
2126	!-- Try to find indoor model package
2127	REWIND ( 11 )
2128	line = ' '
2129	DO WHILE ( INDEX( line, '&indoor_parameters' ) == 0 )
2130	READ ( 11, '(A)', END=10 ) line
2131	ENDDO
2132	BACKSPACE ( 11 )
2133
2134	!
2135	!-- Read user-defined namelist
2136	READ ( 11, indoor_parameters )
2137	!
2138	!-- Set flag that indicates that the indoor model is switched on
2139	indoor_model = .TRUE.
2140
2141	!
2142	!-- Activate spinup (maybe later
2143	! IF ( spinup_time > 0.0_wp ) THEN
2144	! coupling_start_time = spinup_time
2145	! end_time = end_time + spinup_time
2146	! IF ( spinup_pt_mean == 9999999.9_wp ) THEN
2147	! spinup_pt_mean = pt_surface
2148	! ENDIF
2149	! spinup = .TRUE.
2150	! ENDIF
2151
2152	10 CONTINUE
2153
2154	END SUBROUTINE im_parin
2155
2156
2157	END MODULE indoor_model_mod

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