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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/boundary_conds.f90 @ 3669

Last change on this file since 3669 was 3655, checked in by knoop, 6 years ago
Bugfix: made "unit" and "found" intend INOUT in module interface subroutines + automatic copyright update
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 47.7 KB

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1	!> @file boundary_conds.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2019 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: boundary_conds.f90 3655 2019-01-07 16:51:22Z maronga $
27	! OpenACC port for SPEC
28	!
29	! 3589 2018-11-30 15:09:51Z suehring
30	! Move the control parameter "salsa" from salsa_mod to control_parameters
31	! (M. Kurppa)
32	!
33	! 3582 2018-11-29 19:16:36Z suehring
34	! variables documented
35	!
36	! 3467 2018-10-30 19:05:21Z suehring
37	! Implementation of a new aerosol module salsa.
38	!
39	! 3347 2018-10-15 14:21:08Z suehring
40	! Bugfix in setting boundary conditions in offline nesting
41	!
42	! 3341 2018-10-15 10:31:27Z suehring
43	! changes concerning modularization of ocean option
44	!
45	! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop
46	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
47	!
48	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
49	! unused variables removed
50	!
51	! 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring
52	! Rename some variables concerning LES-LES as well as offline nesting
53	!
54	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
55	! - Use wall function for e_p and diss_p in case of rans_tke_e
56	! - move limitation of diss_p from tcm_prognostic
57	!
58	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
59	! Set boundary condition for TKE and TKE dissipation rate in case of nesting
60	! and if parent model operates in RANS mode but child model in LES mode.
61	! mode
62	!
63	! 2793 2018-02-07 10:54:33Z suehring
64	! Removed preprocessor directive __chem
65	!
66	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
67	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
68	!
69	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
70	! Change in file header (GPL part)
71	! Adjust boundary conditions for e and diss in case of TKE-e closure (TG)
72	! Implementation of chemistry module (FK)
73	!
74	! 2569 2017-10-20 11:54:42Z kanani
75	! Removed redundant code for ibc_s_b=1 and ibc_q_b=1
76	!
77	! 2365 2017-08-21 14:59:59Z kanani
78	! Vertical grid nesting implemented: exclude setting vertical velocity to zero
79	! on fine grid (SadiqHuq)
80	!
81	! 2320 2017-07-21 12:47:43Z suehring
82	! Remove unused control parameter large_scale_forcing from only-list
83	!
84	! 2292 2017-06-20 09:51:42Z schwenkel
85	! Implementation of new microphysic scheme: cloud_scheme = 'morrison'
86	! includes two more prognostic equations for cloud drop concentration (nc)
87	! and cloud water content (qc).
88	!
89	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
90	!
91	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
92	! Set boundary conditions on topography top using flag method.
93	!
94	! 2118 2017-01-17 16:38:49Z raasch
95	! OpenACC directives removed
96	!
97	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
98	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
99	!
100	! 1992 2016-08-12 15:14:59Z suehring
101	! Adjustments for top boundary condition for passive scalar
102	!
103	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
104	! Treat humidity and passive scalar separately
105	!
106	! 1823 2016-04-07 08:57:52Z hoffmann
107	! Initial version of purely vertical nesting introduced.
108	!
109	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
110	! icloud_scheme removed. microphyisics_seifert added.
111	!
112	! 1764 2016-02-28 12:45:19Z raasch
113	! index bug for u_p at left outflow removed
114	!
115	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
116	! Introduction of nested domain feature
117	!
118	! 1742 2016-01-13 09:50:06Z raasch
119	! bugfix for outflow Neumann boundary conditions at bottom and top
120	!
121	! 1717 2015-11-11 15:09:47Z raasch
122	! Bugfix: index error in outflow conditions for left boundary
123	!
124	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
125	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
126	!
127	! 1410 2014-05-23 12:16:18Z suehring
128	! Bugfix: set dirichlet boundary condition for passive_scalar at model domain
129	! top
130	!
131	! 1399 2014-05-07 11:16:25Z heinze
132	! Bugfix: set inflow boundary conditions also if no humidity or passive_scalar
133	! is used.
134	!
135	! 1398 2014-05-07 11:15:00Z heinze
136	! Dirichlet-condition at the top for u and v changed to u_init and v_init also
137	! for large_scale_forcing
138	!
139	! 1380 2014-04-28 12:40:45Z heinze
140	! Adjust Dirichlet-condition at the top for pt in case of nudging
141	!
142	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
143	! Bottom and top boundary conditions of rain water content (qr) and
144	! rain drop concentration (nr) changed to Dirichlet
145	!
146	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
147	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
148	!
149	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
150	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
151	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
152	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
153	! revision history before 2012 removed,
154	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
155	! all variable declaration statements
156	!
157	! 1257 2013-11-08 15:18:40Z raasch
158	! loop independent clauses added
159	!
160	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
161	! Adjust ug and vg at each timestep in case of large_scale_forcing
162	!
163	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
164	! Bugfix: Neumann boundary conditions for the velocity components at the
165	! outflow are in fact radiation boundary conditions using the maximum phase
166	! velocity that ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition).
167	! Hence, logical operator use_cmax is now used instead of bc_lr_dirneu/_neudir.
168	! Bugfix: In case of use_cmax at the outflow, u, v, w are replaced by
169	! u_p, v_p, w_p
170	!
171	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
172	! boundary conditions of two-moment cloud scheme are restricted to Neumann-
173	! boundary-conditions
174	!
175	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
176	! GPU-porting
177	! dummy argument "range" removed
178	! Bugfix: wrong index in loops of radiation boundary condition
179	!
180	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
181	! boundary conditions for the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr) of the
182	! two-moment cloud scheme
183	!
184	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
185	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
186	!
187	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
188	! little reformatting
189	!
190	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
191	! Neumann boudnary conditions are added at the inflow boundary for the SGS-TKE.
192	! Outflow boundary conditions for the velocity components can be set to Neumann
193	! conditions or to radiation conditions with a horizontal averaged phase
194	! velocity.
195	!
196	! 875 2012-04-02 15:35:15Z gryschka
197	! Bugfix in case of dirichlet inflow bc at the right or north boundary
198	!
199	! Revision 1.1 1997/09/12 06:21:34 raasch
200	! Initial revision
201	!
202	!
203	! Description:
204	! ------------
205	!> Boundary conditions for the prognostic quantities.
206	!> One additional bottom boundary condition is applied for the TKE (=(u)*2)
207	!> in prandtl_fluxes. The cyclic lateral boundary conditions are implicitly
208	!> handled in routine exchange_horiz. Pressure boundary conditions are
209	!> explicitly set in routines pres, poisfft, poismg and sor.
210	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
211	SUBROUTINE boundary_conds
212
213
214	USE arrays_3d, &
215	ONLY: c_u, c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w, c_w_m, c_w_m_l, &
216	diss, diss_p, dzu, e_p, nc_p, nr_p, pt, pt_init, pt_p, q, &
217	q_p, qc_p, qr_p, s, s_p, sa, sa_p, u, u_init, u_m_l, u_m_n, &
218	u_m_r, u_m_s, u_p, v, v_init, v_m_l, v_m_n, v_m_r, v_m_s, v_p, &
219	w, w_p, w_m_l, w_m_n, w_m_r, w_m_s
220
221	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
222	ONLY: kappa
223
224	USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, &
225	ONLY: bulk_cloud_model, microphysics_morrison, microphysics_seifert
226
227	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
228	ONLY: chem_boundary_conds
229
230	USE control_parameters, &
231	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, &
232	bc_dirichlet_s, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
233	bc_radiation_s, bc_pt_t_val, bc_q_t_val, bc_s_t_val, &
234	child_domain, constant_diffusion, coupling_mode, dt_3d, &
235	humidity, ibc_pt_b, ibc_pt_t, ibc_q_b, ibc_q_t, ibc_s_b, &
236	ibc_s_t, ibc_uv_b, ibc_uv_t, intermediate_timestep_count, &
237	nesting_offline, nudging, ocean_mode, passive_scalar, rans_mode,&
238	rans_tke_e, tsc, salsa, use_cmax
239
240	USE grid_variables, &
241	ONLY: ddx, ddy, dx, dy
242
243	USE indices, &
244	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nzt
245
246	USE kinds
247
248	USE ocean_mod, &
249	ONLY: ibc_sa_t
250
251	USE pegrid
252
253	USE pmc_interface, &
254	ONLY : nesting_mode, rans_mode_parent
255
256	USE salsa_mod, &
257	ONLY: salsa_boundary_conds
258
259	USE surface_mod, &
260	ONLY : bc_h, surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, &
261	surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
262
263	USE turbulence_closure_mod, &
264	ONLY: c_0
265
266	IMPLICIT NONE
267
268	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x direction
269	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y direction
270	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z direction
271	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb !< variable to set respective boundary value, depends on facing.
272	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index boundary type, for up- and downward-facing walls
273	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
274
275	REAL(wp) :: c_max !< maximum phase velocity allowed by CFL criterion, used for outflow boundary condition
276	REAL(wp) :: denom !< horizontal gradient of velocity component normal to the outflow boundary
277
278
279	!
280	!-- Bottom boundary
281	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
282	u_p(nzb,:,:) = u_p(nzb+1,:,:)
283	v_p(nzb,:,:) = v_p(nzb+1,:,:)
284	ENDIF
285	!
286	!-- Set zero vertical velocity at topography top (l=0), or bottom (l=1) in case
287	!-- of downward-facing surfaces.
288	DO l = 0, 1
289	!
290	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
291	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
292	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
293	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
294	!$ACC PARALLEL LOOP PRIVATE(i, j, k) &
295	!$ACC PRESENT(bc_h, w_p)
296	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
297	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
298	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
299	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
300	w_p(k+kb,j,i) = 0.0_wp
301	ENDDO
302	ENDDO
303
304	!
305	!-- Top boundary. A nested domain ( ibc_uv_t = 3 ) does not require settings.
306	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
307	!$ACC KERNELS PRESENT(u_p, v_p, u_init, v_init)
308	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
309	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
310	!$ACC END KERNELS
311	ELSEIF ( ibc_uv_t == 1 ) THEN
312	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_p(nzt,:,:)
313	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_p(nzt,:,:)
314	ENDIF
315
316	!
317	!-- Vertical nesting: Vertical velocity not zero at the top of the fine grid
318	IF ( .NOT. child_domain .AND. .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. &
319	TRIM(coupling_mode) /= 'vnested_fine' ) THEN
320	!$ACC KERNELS PRESENT(w_p)
321	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp !< nzt is not a prognostic level (but cf. pres)
322	!$ACC END KERNELS
323	ENDIF
324
325	!
326	!-- Temperature at bottom and top boundary.
327	!-- In case of coupled runs (ibc_pt_b = 2) the temperature is given by
328	!-- the sea surface temperature of the coupled ocean model.
329	!-- Dirichlet
330	IF ( ibc_pt_b == 0 ) THEN
331	DO l = 0, 1
332	!
333	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
334	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
335	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
336	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
337	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
338	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
339	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
340	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
341	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt(k+kb,j,i)
342	ENDDO
343	ENDDO
344	!
345	!-- Neumann, zero-gradient
346	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_b == 1 ) THEN
347	DO l = 0, 1
348	!
349	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
350	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
351	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
352	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
353	!$ACC PARALLEL LOOP PRIVATE(i, j, k) &
354	!$ACC PRESENT(bc_h, pt_p)
355	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
356	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
357	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
358	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
359	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i)
360	ENDDO
361	ENDDO
362	ENDIF
363
364	!
365	!-- Temperature at top boundary
366	IF ( ibc_pt_t == 0 ) THEN
367	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt(nzt+1,:,:)
368	!
369	!-- In case of nudging adjust top boundary to pt which is
370	!-- read in from NUDGING-DATA
371	IF ( nudging ) THEN
372	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_init(nzt+1)
373	ENDIF
374	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 1 ) THEN
375	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:)
376	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 2 ) THEN
377	!$ACC KERNELS PRESENT(pt_p, dzu)
378	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_pt_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
379	!$ACC END KERNELS
380	ENDIF
381
382	!
383	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE.
384	!-- Generally Neumann conditions with de/dz=0 are assumed.
385	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
386
387	IF ( .NOT. rans_tke_e ) THEN
388	DO l = 0, 1
389	!
390	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
391	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
392	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
393	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
394	!$ACC PARALLEL LOOP PRIVATE(i, j, k) &
395	!$ACC PRESENT(bc_h, e_p)
396	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
397	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
398	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
399	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
400	e_p(k+kb,j,i) = e_p(k,j,i)
401	ENDDO
402	ENDDO
403	ELSE
404	!
405	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
406	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
407	!-- Default surfaces
408	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
409	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
410	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
411	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
412	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_h(0)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
413	ENDDO
414	!
415	!-- Natural surfaces
416	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
417	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
418	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
419	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
420	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
421	ENDDO
422	!
423	!-- Urban surfaces
424	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
425	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
426	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
427	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
428	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
429	ENDDO
430	!
431	!-- Vertical surfaces
432	DO l = 0, 3
433	!
434	!-- Default surfaces
435	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
436	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
437	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
438	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
439	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
440	ENDDO
441	!
442	!-- Natural surfaces
443	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
444	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
445	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
446	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
447	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
448	ENDDO
449	!
450	!-- Urban surfaces
451	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
452	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
453	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
454	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
455	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
456	ENDDO
457	ENDDO
458	ENDIF
459
460	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
461	!$ACC KERNELS PRESENT(e_p)
462	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
463	!$ACC END KERNELS
464	!
465	!-- Nesting case: if parent operates in RANS mode and child in LES mode,
466	!-- no TKE is transfered. This case, set Neumann conditions at lateral and
467	!-- top child boundaries.
468	!-- If not ( both either in RANS or in LES mode ), TKE boundary condition
469	!-- is treated in the nesting.
470	ELSE
471
472	IF ( rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
473
474	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
475	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
476	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
477	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
478	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
479
480	ENDIF
481	ENDIF
482	ENDIF
483
484	!
485	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE dissipation rate.
486	IF ( rans_tke_e ) THEN
487	!
488	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
489	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
490	!-- Default surfaces
491	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
492	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
493	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
494	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
495	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_h(0)%us(m)**3 &
496	/ ( kappa * surf_def_h(0)%z_mo(m) )
497	ENDDO
498	!
499	!-- Natural surfaces
500	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
501	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
502	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
503	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
504	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_h%us(m)**3 &
505	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_h%z_mo(m) )
506	ENDDO
507	!
508	!-- Urban surfaces
509	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
510	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
511	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
512	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
513	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_h%us(m)**3 &
514	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_h%z_mo(m) )
515	ENDDO
516	!
517	!-- Vertical surfaces
518	DO l = 0, 3
519	!
520	!-- Default surfaces
521	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
522	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
523	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
524	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
525	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
526	/ ( kappa * surf_def_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
527	ENDDO
528	!
529	!-- Natural surfaces
530	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
531	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
532	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
533	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
534	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
535	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
536	ENDDO
537	!
538	!-- Urban surfaces
539	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
540	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
541	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
542	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
543	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
544	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
545	ENDDO
546	ENDDO
547	!
548	!-- Limit change of diss to be between -90% and +100%. Also, set an absolute
549	!-- minimum value
550	DO i = nxl, nxr
551	DO j = nys, nyn
552	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
553	diss_p(k,j,i) = MAX( MIN( diss_p(k,j,i), &
554	2.0_wp * diss(k,j,i) ), &
555	0.1_wp * diss(k,j,i), &
556	0.0001_wp )
557	ENDDO
558	ENDDO
559	ENDDO
560
561	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
562	diss_p(nzt+1,:,:) = diss_p(nzt,:,:)
563	ENDIF
564	ENDIF
565
566	!
567	!-- Boundary conditions for salinity
568	IF ( ocean_mode ) THEN
569	!
570	!-- Bottom boundary: Neumann condition because salinity flux is always
571	!-- given.
572	DO l = 0, 1
573	!
574	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
575	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
576	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
577	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
578	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
579	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
580	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
581	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
582	sa_p(k+kb,j,i) = sa_p(k,j,i)
583	ENDDO
584	ENDDO
585	!
586	!-- Top boundary: Dirichlet or Neumann
587	IF ( ibc_sa_t == 0 ) THEN
588	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa(nzt+1,:,:)
589	ELSEIF ( ibc_sa_t == 1 ) THEN
590	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa_p(nzt,:,:)
591	ENDIF
592
593	ENDIF
594
595	!
596	!-- Boundary conditions for total water content,
597	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
598	IF ( humidity ) THEN
599	!
600	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
601	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
602	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
603	!-- q_p at k-1
604	IF ( ibc_q_b == 0 ) THEN
605
606	DO l = 0, 1
607	!
608	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
609	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
610	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
611	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
612	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
613	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
614	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
615	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
616	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q(k+kb,j,i)
617	ENDDO
618	ENDDO
619
620	ELSE
621
622	DO l = 0, 1
623	!
624	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
625	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
626	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
627	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
628	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
629	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
630	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
631	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
632	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i)
633	ENDDO
634	ENDDO
635	ENDIF
636	!
637	!-- Top boundary
638	IF ( ibc_q_t == 0 ) THEN
639	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q(nzt+1,:,:)
640	ELSEIF ( ibc_q_t == 1 ) THEN
641	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_q_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
642	ENDIF
643
644	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
645	!
646	!-- Surface conditions cloud water (Dirichlet)
647	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
648	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
649	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
650	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
651	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
652	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
653	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
654	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
655	qc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
656	nc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
657	ENDDO
658	!
659	!-- Top boundary condition for cloud water (Dirichlet)
660	qc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
661	nc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
662
663	ENDIF
664
665	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
666	!
667	!-- Surface conditions rain water (Dirichlet)
668	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
669	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
670	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
671	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
672	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
673	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
674	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
675	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
676	qr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
677	nr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
678	ENDDO
679	!
680	!-- Top boundary condition for rain water (Dirichlet)
681	qr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
682	nr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
683
684	ENDIF
685	ENDIF
686	!
687	!-- Boundary conditions for scalar,
688	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
689	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
690	!
691	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
692	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
693	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
694	!-- s_p at k-1
695	IF ( ibc_s_b == 0 ) THEN
696
697	DO l = 0, 1
698	!
699	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
700	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
701	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
702	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
703	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
704	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
705	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
706	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
707	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s(k+kb,j,i)
708	ENDDO
709	ENDDO
710
711	ELSE
712
713	DO l = 0, 1
714	!
715	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
716	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
717	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
718	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
719	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
720	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
721	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
722	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
723	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s_p(k,j,i)
724	ENDDO
725	ENDDO
726	ENDIF
727	!
728	!-- Top boundary condition
729	IF ( ibc_s_t == 0 ) THEN
730	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s(nzt+1,:,:)
731	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 1 ) THEN
732	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:)
733	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 2 ) THEN
734	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_s_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
735	ENDIF
736
737	ENDIF
738	!
739	!-- Top/bottom boundary conditions for chemical species
740	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_bottomtop' )
741	!
742	!-- In case of inflow or nest boundary at the south boundary the boundary for v
743	!-- is at nys and in case of inflow or nest boundary at the left boundary the
744	!-- boundary for u is at nxl. Since in prognostic_equations (cache optimized
745	!-- version) these levels are handled as a prognostic level, boundary values
746	!-- have to be restored here.
747	!-- For the SGS-TKE, Neumann boundary conditions are used at the inflow.
748	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
749	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
750	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
751	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
752	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
753	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
754	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
755	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
756	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
757	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
758	ENDIF
759
760	!
761	!-- The same restoration for u at i=nxl and v at j=nys as above must be made
762	!-- in case of nest boundaries. This must not be done in case of vertical nesting
763	!-- mode as in that case the lateral boundaries are actually cyclic.
764	IF ( nesting_mode /= 'vertical' .OR. nesting_offline ) THEN
765	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
766	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
767	ENDIF
768	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
769	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
770	ENDIF
771	ENDIF
772
773	!
774	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for scalar quantities at the outflow
775	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
776	pt_p(:,nys-1,:) = pt_p(:,nys,:)
777	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
778	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nys-1,:) = diss_p(:,nys,:)
779	IF ( humidity ) THEN
780	q_p(:,nys-1,:) = q_p(:,nys,:)
781	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
782	qc_p(:,nys-1,:) = qc_p(:,nys,:)
783	nc_p(:,nys-1,:) = nc_p(:,nys,:)
784	ENDIF
785	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
786	qr_p(:,nys-1,:) = qr_p(:,nys,:)
787	nr_p(:,nys-1,:) = nr_p(:,nys,:)
788	ENDIF
789	ENDIF
790	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nys-1,:) = s_p(:,nys,:)
791	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
792	pt_p(:,nyn+1,:) = pt_p(:,nyn,:)
793	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
794	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nyn+1,:) = diss_p(:,nyn,:)
795	IF ( humidity ) THEN
796	q_p(:,nyn+1,:) = q_p(:,nyn,:)
797	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
798	qc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qc_p(:,nyn,:)
799	nc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nc_p(:,nyn,:)
800	ENDIF
801	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
802	qr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qr_p(:,nyn,:)
803	nr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nr_p(:,nyn,:)
804	ENDIF
805	ENDIF
806	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nyn+1,:) = s_p(:,nyn,:)
807	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
808	pt_p(:,:,nxl-1) = pt_p(:,:,nxl)
809	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
810	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxl-1) = diss_p(:,:,nxl)
811	IF ( humidity ) THEN
812	q_p(:,:,nxl-1) = q_p(:,:,nxl)
813	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
814	qc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qc_p(:,:,nxl)
815	nc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nc_p(:,:,nxl)
816	ENDIF
817	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
818	qr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qr_p(:,:,nxl)
819	nr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nr_p(:,:,nxl)
820	ENDIF
821	ENDIF
822	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxl-1) = s_p(:,:,nxl)
823	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
824	pt_p(:,:,nxr+1) = pt_p(:,:,nxr)
825	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
826	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxr+1) = diss_p(:,:,nxr)
827	IF ( humidity ) THEN
828	q_p(:,:,nxr+1) = q_p(:,:,nxr)
829	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
830	qc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qc_p(:,:,nxr)
831	nc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nc_p(:,:,nxr)
832	ENDIF
833	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
834	qr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qr_p(:,:,nxr)
835	nr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nr_p(:,:,nxr)
836	ENDIF
837	ENDIF
838	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxr+1) = s_p(:,:,nxr)
839	ENDIF
840
841	!
842	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for chemical species
843	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_lateral' )
844
845	!
846	!-- Radiation boundary conditions for the velocities at the respective outflow.
847	!-- The phase velocity is either assumed to the maximum phase velocity that
848	!-- ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition) or calculated after
849	!-- Orlanski(1976) and averaged along the outflow boundary.
850	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
851
852	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
853	u_p(:,-1,:) = u(:,0,:)
854	v_p(:,0,:) = v(:,1,:)
855	w_p(:,-1,:) = w(:,0,:)
856	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
857
858	c_max = dy / dt_3d
859
860	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
861	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
862	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
863
864	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
865	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
866	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
867
868	!
869	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
870	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
871	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
872	DO i = nxl, nxr
873
874	denom = u_m_s(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,1,i)
875
876	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
877	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
878	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
879	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
880	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
881	c_u(k,i) = c_max
882	ENDIF
883	ELSE
884	c_u(k,i) = c_max
885	ENDIF
886
887	denom = v_m_s(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,2,i)
888
889	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
890	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,1,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
891	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
892	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
893	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
894	c_v(k,i) = c_max
895	ENDIF
896	ELSE
897	c_v(k,i) = c_max
898	ENDIF
899
900	denom = w_m_s(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,1,i)
901
902	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
903	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
904	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
905	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
906	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
907	c_w(k,i) = c_max
908	ENDIF
909	ELSE
910	c_w(k,i) = c_max
911	ENDIF
912
913	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
914	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
915	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
916
917	ENDDO
918	ENDDO
919
920	#if defined( __parallel )
921	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
922	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
923	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
924	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
925	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
926	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
927	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
928	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
929	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
930	#else
931	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
932	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
933	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
934	#endif
935
936	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
937	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
938	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
939
940	!
941	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
942	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
943	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
944	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
945	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
946	ENDIF
947
948	!
949	!-- Calculate the new velocities
950	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
951	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
952	u_p(k,-1,i) = u(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
953	( u(k,-1,i) - u(k,0,i) ) * ddy
954
955	v_p(k,0,i) = v(k,0,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
956	( v(k,0,i) - v(k,1,i) ) * ddy
957
958	w_p(k,-1,i) = w(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
959	( w(k,-1,i) - w(k,0,i) ) * ddy
960	ENDDO
961	ENDDO
962
963	!
964	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
965	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
966	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
967	v_p(nzb,0,:) = 0.0_wp
968	ELSE
969	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,-1,:)
970	v_p(nzb,0,:) = v_p(nzb+1,0,:)
971	ENDIF
972	w_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
973
974	!
975	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
976	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
977	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
978	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
979	ELSE
980	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_p(nzt,-1,:)
981	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_p(nzt,0,:)
982	ENDIF
983	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
984
985	ENDIF
986
987	ENDIF
988
989	IF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
990
991	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
992	u_p(:,ny+1,:) = u(:,ny,:)
993	v_p(:,ny+1,:) = v(:,ny,:)
994	w_p(:,ny+1,:) = w(:,ny,:)
995	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
996
997	c_max = dy / dt_3d
998
999	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1000	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1001	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1002
1003	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1004	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1005	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1006
1007	!
1008	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1009	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1010	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1011	DO i = nxl, nxr
1012
1013	denom = u_m_n(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
1014
1015	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1016	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1017	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1018	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1019	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1020	c_u(k,i) = c_max
1021	ENDIF
1022	ELSE
1023	c_u(k,i) = c_max
1024	ENDIF
1025
1026	denom = v_m_n(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
1027
1028	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1029	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1030	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1031	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1032	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1033	c_v(k,i) = c_max
1034	ENDIF
1035	ELSE
1036	c_v(k,i) = c_max
1037	ENDIF
1038
1039	denom = w_m_n(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
1040
1041	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1042	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1043	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1044	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1045	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1046	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1047	ENDIF
1048	ELSE
1049	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1050	ENDIF
1051
1052	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
1053	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
1054	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
1055
1056	ENDDO
1057	ENDDO
1058
1059	#if defined( __parallel )
1060	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1061	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1062	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1063	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1064	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1065	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1066	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1067	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1068	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1069	#else
1070	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1071	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1072	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1073	#endif
1074
1075	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
1076	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
1077	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
1078
1079	!
1080	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1081	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1082	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1083	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1084	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1085	ENDIF
1086
1087	!
1088	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1089	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1090	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1091	u_p(k,ny+1,i) = u(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1092	( u(k,ny+1,i) - u(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1093
1094	v_p(k,ny+1,i) = v(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1095	( v(k,ny+1,i) - v(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1096
1097	w_p(k,ny+1,i) = w(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1098	( w(k,ny+1,i) - w(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1099	ENDDO
1100	ENDDO
1101
1102	!
1103	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1104	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1105	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1106	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1107	ELSE
1108	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1109	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1110	ENDIF
1111	w_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1112
1113	!
1114	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1115	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1116	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
1117	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
1118	ELSE
1119	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1120	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1121	ENDIF
1122	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1123
1124	ENDIF
1125
1126	ENDIF
1127
1128	IF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
1129
1130	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1131	u_p(:,:,0) = u(:,:,1)
1132	v_p(:,:,-1) = v(:,:,0)
1133	w_p(:,:,-1) = w(:,:,0)
1134	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1135
1136	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1137
1138	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1139	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1140	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1141
1142	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1143	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1144	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1145
1146	!
1147	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1148	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1149	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1150	DO j = nys, nyn
1151
1152	denom = u_m_l(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,2)
1153
1154	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1155	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,1) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1156	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1157	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1158	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1159	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1160	ENDIF
1161	ELSE
1162	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1163	ENDIF
1164
1165	denom = v_m_l(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,1)
1166
1167	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1168	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1169	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1170	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1171	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1172	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1173	ENDIF
1174	ELSE
1175	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1176	ENDIF
1177
1178	denom = w_m_l(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,1)
1179
1180	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1181	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1182	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1183	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1184	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1185	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1186	ENDIF
1187	ELSE
1188	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1189	ENDIF
1190
1191	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1192	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1193	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1194
1195	ENDDO
1196	ENDDO
1197
1198	#if defined( __parallel )
1199	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1200	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1201	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1202	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1203	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1204	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1205	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1206	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1207	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1208	#else
1209	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1210	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1211	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1212	#endif
1213
1214	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1215	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1216	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1217
1218	!
1219	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1220	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1221	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1222	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1223	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1224	ENDIF
1225
1226	!
1227	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1228	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1229	DO j = nysg, nyng
1230	u_p(k,j,0) = u(k,j,0) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1231	( u(k,j,0) - u(k,j,1) ) * ddx
1232
1233	v_p(k,j,-1) = v(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1234	( v(k,j,-1) - v(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1235
1236	w_p(k,j,-1) = w(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1237	( w(k,j,-1) - w(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1238	ENDDO
1239	ENDDO
1240
1241	!
1242	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1243	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1244	u_p(nzb,:,0) = 0.0_wp
1245	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1246	ELSE
1247	u_p(nzb,:,0) = u_p(nzb+1,:,0)
1248	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,-1)
1249	ENDIF
1250	w_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1251
1252	!
1253	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1254	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1255	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_init(nzt+1)
1256	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1257	ELSE
1258	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_p(nzt,:,0)
1259	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_p(nzt,:,-1)
1260	ENDIF
1261	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1262
1263	ENDIF
1264
1265	ENDIF
1266
1267	IF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
1268
1269	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1270	u_p(:,:,nx+1) = u(:,:,nx)
1271	v_p(:,:,nx+1) = v(:,:,nx)
1272	w_p(:,:,nx+1) = w(:,:,nx)
1273	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1274
1275	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1276
1277	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1278	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1279	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1280
1281	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1282	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1283	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1284
1285	!
1286	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1287	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1288	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1289	DO j = nys, nyn
1290
1291	denom = u_m_r(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1292
1293	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1294	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1295	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1296	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1297	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1298	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1299	ENDIF
1300	ELSE
1301	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1302	ENDIF
1303
1304	denom = v_m_r(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1305
1306	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1307	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1308	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1309	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1310	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1311	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1312	ENDIF
1313	ELSE
1314	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1315	ENDIF
1316
1317	denom = w_m_r(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1318
1319	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1320	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1321	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1322	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1323	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1324	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1325	ENDIF
1326	ELSE
1327	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1328	ENDIF
1329
1330	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1331	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1332	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1333
1334	ENDDO
1335	ENDDO
1336
1337	#if defined( __parallel )
1338	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1339	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1340	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1341	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1342	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1343	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1344	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1345	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1346	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1347	#else
1348	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1349	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1350	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1351	#endif
1352
1353	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1354	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1355	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1356
1357	!
1358	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1359	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1360	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1361	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1362	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1363	ENDIF
1364
1365	!
1366	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1367	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1368	DO j = nysg, nyng
1369	u_p(k,j,nx+1) = u(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1370	( u(k,j,nx+1) - u(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1371
1372	v_p(k,j,nx+1) = v(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1373	( v(k,j,nx+1) - v(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1374
1375	w_p(k,j,nx+1) = w(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1376	( w(k,j,nx+1) - w(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1377	ENDDO
1378	ENDDO
1379
1380	!
1381	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1382	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1383	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1384	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1385	ELSE
1386	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1387	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1388	ENDIF
1389	w_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1390
1391	!
1392	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1393	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1394	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_init(nzt+1)
1395	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1396	ELSE
1397	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1398	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1399	ENDIF
1400	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1401
1402	ENDIF
1403
1404	ENDIF
1405
1406	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1407	CALL salsa_boundary_conds
1408	ENDIF
1409
1410	END SUBROUTINE boundary_conds

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