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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/boundary_conds.f90 @ 1423

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1	SUBROUTINE boundary_conds
2
3	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
4	! This file is part of PALM.
5	!
6	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms
7	! of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation,
8	! either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2014 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!--------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: boundary_conds.f90 1410 2014-05-23 12:16:18Z kanani $
27	!
28	! 1399 2014-05-07 11:16:25Z heinze
29	! Bugfix: set inflow boundary conditions also if no humidity or passive_scalar
30	! is used.
31	!
32	! 1398 2014-05-07 11:15:00Z heinze
33	! Dirichlet-condition at the top for u and v changed to u_init and v_init also
34	! for large_scale_forcing
35	!
36	! 1380 2014-04-28 12:40:45Z heinze
37	! Adjust Dirichlet-condition at the top for pt in case of nudging
38	!
39	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
40	! Bottom and top boundary conditions of rain water content (qr) and
41	! rain drop concentration (nr) changed to Dirichlet
42	!
43	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
44	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
45	!
46	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
47	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
48	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
49	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
50	! revision history before 2012 removed,
51	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
52	! all variable declaration statements
53	!
54	! 1257 2013-11-08 15:18:40Z raasch
55	! loop independent clauses added
56	!
57	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
58	! Adjust ug and vg at each timestep in case of large_scale_forcing
59	!
60	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
61	! Bugfix: Neumann boundary conditions for the velocity components at the
62	! outflow are in fact radiation boundary conditions using the maximum phase
63	! velocity that ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition).
64	! Hence, logical operator use_cmax is now used instead of bc_lr_dirneu/_neudir.
65	! Bugfix: In case of use_cmax at the outflow, u, v, w are replaced by
66	! u_p, v_p, w_p
67	!
68	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
69	! boundary conditions of two-moment cloud scheme are restricted to Neumann-
70	! boundary-conditions
71	!
72	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
73	! GPU-porting
74	! dummy argument "range" removed
75	! Bugfix: wrong index in loops of radiation boundary condition
76	!
77	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
78	! boundary conditions for the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr) of the
79	! two-moment cloud scheme
80	!
81	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
82	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
83	!
84	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
85	! little reformatting
86	!
87	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
88	! Neumann boudnary conditions are added at the inflow boundary for the SGS-TKE.
89	! Outflow boundary conditions for the velocity components can be set to Neumann
90	! conditions or to radiation conditions with a horizontal averaged phase
91	! velocity.
92	!
93	! 875 2012-04-02 15:35:15Z gryschka
94	! Bugfix in case of dirichlet inflow bc at the right or north boundary
95	!
96	! Revision 1.1 1997/09/12 06:21:34 raasch
97	! Initial revision
98	!
99	!
100	! Description:
101	! ------------
102	! Boundary conditions for the prognostic quantities.
103	! One additional bottom boundary condition is applied for the TKE (=(u)*2)
104	! in prandtl_fluxes. The cyclic lateral boundary conditions are implicitly
105	! handled in routine exchange_horiz. Pressure boundary conditions are
106	! explicitly set in routines pres, poisfft, poismg and sor.
107	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
108
109	USE arrays_3d, &
110	ONLY: c_u, c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w, c_w_m, c_w_m_l, &
111	dzu, e_p, nr_p, pt, pt_p, q, q_p, qr_p, sa, sa_p, &
112	u, ug, u_init, u_m_l, u_m_n, u_m_r, u_m_s, u_p, &
113	v, vg, v_init, v_m_l, v_m_n, v_m_r, v_m_s, v_p, &
114	w, w_p, w_m_l, w_m_n, w_m_r, w_m_s,&
115	pt_init
116
117	USE control_parameters, &
118	ONLY: bc_pt_t_val, bc_q_t_val, constant_diffusion, &
119	cloud_physics, dt_3d, humidity, &
120	ibc_pt_b, ibc_pt_t, ibc_q_b, ibc_sa_t, ibc_uv_b, ibc_uv_t, &
121	icloud_scheme, inflow_l, inflow_n, inflow_r, inflow_s, &
122	intermediate_timestep_count, large_scale_forcing, ocean, &
123	outflow_l, outflow_n, outflow_r, outflow_s, passive_scalar, &
124	precipitation, tsc, use_cmax, &
125	nudging
126
127	USE grid_variables, &
128	ONLY: ddx, ddy, dx, dy
129
130	USE indices, &
131	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, &
132	nzb, nzb_s_inner, nzb_w_inner, nzt
133
134	USE kinds
135
136	USE pegrid
137
138
139	IMPLICIT NONE
140
141	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !:
142	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !:
143	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !:
144
145	REAL(wp) :: c_max !:
146	REAL(wp) :: denom !:
147
148
149	!
150	!-- Bottom boundary
151	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
152	!$acc kernels present( u_p, v_p )
153	u_p(nzb,:,:) = u_p(nzb+1,:,:)
154	v_p(nzb,:,:) = v_p(nzb+1,:,:)
155	!$acc end kernels
156	ENDIF
157
158	!$acc kernels present( nzb_w_inner, w_p )
159	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
160	DO j = nysg, nyng
161	w_p(nzb_w_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
162	ENDDO
163	ENDDO
164	!$acc end kernels
165
166	!
167	!-- Top boundary
168	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
169	!$acc kernels present( u_init, u_p, v_init, v_p )
170	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
171	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
172	!$acc end kernels
173	ELSE
174	!$acc kernels present( u_p, v_p )
175	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_p(nzt,:,:)
176	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_p(nzt,:,:)
177	!$acc end kernels
178	ENDIF
179	!$acc kernels present( w_p )
180	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp ! nzt is not a prognostic level (but cf. pres)
181	!$acc end kernels
182
183	!
184	!-- Temperature at bottom boundary.
185	!-- In case of coupled runs (ibc_pt_b = 2) the temperature is given by
186	!-- the sea surface temperature of the coupled ocean model.
187	IF ( ibc_pt_b == 0 ) THEN
188	!$acc kernels present( nzb_s_inner, pt, pt_p )
189	!$acc loop independent
190	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
191	!$acc loop independent
192	DO j = nysg, nyng
193	pt_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = pt(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i)
194	ENDDO
195	ENDDO
196	!$acc end kernels
197	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_b == 1 ) THEN
198	!$acc kernels present( nzb_s_inner, pt_p )
199	!$acc loop independent
200	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
201	!$acc loop independent
202	DO j = nysg, nyng
203	pt_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = pt_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1,j,i)
204	ENDDO
205	ENDDO
206	!$acc end kernels
207	ENDIF
208
209	!
210	!-- Temperature at top boundary
211	IF ( ibc_pt_t == 0 ) THEN
212	!$acc kernels present( pt, pt_p )
213	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt(nzt+1,:,:)
214	!
215	!-- In case of nudging adjust top boundary to pt which is
216	!-- read in from NUDGING-DATA
217	IF ( nudging ) THEN
218	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_init(nzt+1)
219	ENDIF
220	!$acc end kernels
221	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 1 ) THEN
222	!$acc kernels present( pt_p )
223	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:)
224	!$acc end kernels
225	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 2 ) THEN
226	!$acc kernels present( dzu, pt_p )
227	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_pt_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
228	!$acc end kernels
229	ENDIF
230
231	!
232	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE
233	!-- Generally Neumann conditions with de/dz=0 are assumed
234	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
235	!$acc kernels present( e_p, nzb_s_inner )
236	!$acc loop independent
237	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
238	!$acc loop independent
239	DO j = nysg, nyng
240	e_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = e_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1,j,i)
241	ENDDO
242	ENDDO
243	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
244	!$acc end kernels
245	ENDIF
246
247	!
248	!-- Boundary conditions for salinity
249	IF ( ocean ) THEN
250	!
251	!-- Bottom boundary: Neumann condition because salinity flux is always
252	!-- given
253	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
254	DO j = nysg, nyng
255	sa_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = sa_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1,j,i)
256	ENDDO
257	ENDDO
258
259	!
260	!-- Top boundary: Dirichlet or Neumann
261	IF ( ibc_sa_t == 0 ) THEN
262	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa(nzt+1,:,:)
263	ELSEIF ( ibc_sa_t == 1 ) THEN
264	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa_p(nzt,:,:)
265	ENDIF
266
267	ENDIF
268
269	!
270	!-- Boundary conditions for total water content or scalar,
271	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
272	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
273	!
274	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
275	IF ( ibc_q_b == 0 ) THEN
276	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
277	DO j = nysg, nyng
278	q_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = q(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i)
279	ENDDO
280	ENDDO
281	ELSE
282	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
283	DO j = nysg, nyng
284	q_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = q_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i)+1,j,i)
285	ENDDO
286	ENDDO
287	ENDIF
288	!
289	!-- Top boundary
290	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_q_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
291
292	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 .AND. precipitation ) THEN
293	!
294	!-- Surface conditions rain water (Dirichlet)
295	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
296	DO j = nysg, nyng
297	qr_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
298	nr_p(nzb_s_inner(j,i),j,i) = 0.0_wp
299	ENDDO
300	ENDDO
301	!
302	!-- Top boundary condition for rain water (Dirichlet)
303	qr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
304	nr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
305
306	ENDIF
307	ENDIF
308	!
309	!-- In case of inflow at the south boundary the boundary for v is at nys
310	!-- and in case of inflow at the left boundary the boundary for u is at nxl.
311	!-- Since in prognostic_equations (cache optimized version) these levels are
312	!-- handled as a prognostic level, boundary values have to be restored here.
313	!-- For the SGS-TKE, Neumann boundary conditions are used at the inflow.
314	IF ( inflow_s ) THEN
315	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
316	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
317	ELSEIF ( inflow_n ) THEN
318	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
319	ELSEIF ( inflow_l ) THEN
320	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
321	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
322	ELSEIF ( inflow_r ) THEN
323	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
324	ENDIF
325
326	!
327	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for scalar quantities at the outflow
328	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
329	pt_p(:,nys-1,:) = pt_p(:,nys,:)
330	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
331	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
332	q_p(:,nys-1,:) = q_p(:,nys,:)
333	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 .AND. &
334	precipitation) THEN
335	qr_p(:,nys-1,:) = qr_p(:,nys,:)
336	nr_p(:,nys-1,:) = nr_p(:,nys,:)
337	ENDIF
338	ENDIF
339	ELSEIF ( outflow_n ) THEN
340	pt_p(:,nyn+1,:) = pt_p(:,nyn,:)
341	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
342	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
343	q_p(:,nyn+1,:) = q_p(:,nyn,:)
344	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 .AND. &
345	precipitation ) THEN
346	qr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qr_p(:,nyn,:)
347	nr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nr_p(:,nyn,:)
348	ENDIF
349	ENDIF
350	ELSEIF ( outflow_l ) THEN
351	pt_p(:,:,nxl-1) = pt_p(:,:,nxl)
352	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
353	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
354	q_p(:,:,nxl-1) = q_p(:,:,nxl)
355	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 .AND. &
356	precipitation ) THEN
357	qr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qr_p(:,:,nxl)
358	nr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nr_p(:,:,nxl)
359	ENDIF
360	ENDIF
361	ELSEIF ( outflow_r ) THEN
362	pt_p(:,:,nxr+1) = pt_p(:,:,nxr)
363	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
364	IF ( humidity .OR. passive_scalar ) THEN
365	q_p(:,:,nxr+1) = q_p(:,:,nxr)
366	IF ( cloud_physics .AND. icloud_scheme == 0 .AND. precipitation ) THEN
367	qr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qr_p(:,:,nxr)
368	nr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nr_p(:,:,nxr)
369	ENDIF
370	ENDIF
371	ENDIF
372
373	!
374	!-- Radiation boundary conditions for the velocities at the respective outflow.
375	!-- The phase velocity is either assumed to the maximum phase velocity that
376	!-- ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition) or calculated after
377	!-- Orlanski(1976) and averaged along the outflow boundary.
378	IF ( outflow_s ) THEN
379
380	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
381	u_p(:,-1,:) = u(:,0,:)
382	v_p(:,0,:) = v(:,1,:)
383	w_p(:,-1,:) = w(:,0,:)
384	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
385
386	c_max = dy / dt_3d
387
388	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
389	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
390	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
391
392	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
393	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
394	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
395
396	!
397	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
398	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
399	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
400	DO i = nxl, nxr
401
402	denom = u_m_s(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,1,i)
403
404	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
405	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
406	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
407	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
408	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
409	c_u(k,i) = c_max
410	ENDIF
411	ELSE
412	c_u(k,i) = c_max
413	ENDIF
414
415	denom = v_m_s(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,2,i)
416
417	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
418	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,1,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
419	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
420	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
421	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
422	c_v(k,i) = c_max
423	ENDIF
424	ELSE
425	c_v(k,i) = c_max
426	ENDIF
427
428	denom = w_m_s(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,1,i)
429
430	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
431	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
432	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
433	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
434	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
435	c_w(k,i) = c_max
436	ENDIF
437	ELSE
438	c_w(k,i) = c_max
439	ENDIF
440
441	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
442	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
443	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
444
445	ENDDO
446	ENDDO
447
448	#if defined( __parallel )
449	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
450	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
451	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
452	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
453	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
454	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
455	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
456	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
457	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
458	#else
459	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
460	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
461	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
462	#endif
463
464	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
465	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
466	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
467
468	!
469	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
470	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
471	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
472	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
473	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
474	ENDIF
475
476	!
477	!-- Calculate the new velocities
478	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
479	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
480	u_p(k,-1,i) = u(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
481	( u(k,-1,i) - u(k,0,i) ) * ddy
482
483	v_p(k,0,i) = v(k,0,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
484	( v(k,0,i) - v(k,1,i) ) * ddy
485
486	w_p(k,-1,i) = w(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
487	( w(k,-1,i) - w(k,0,i) ) * ddy
488	ENDDO
489	ENDDO
490
491	!
492	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
493	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
494	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
495	v_p(nzb,0,:) = 0.0_wp
496	ELSE
497	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,-1,:)
498	v_p(nzb,0,:) = v_p(nzb+1,0,:)
499	ENDIF
500	w_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
501
502	!
503	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
504	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
505	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
506	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
507	ELSE
508	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u(nzt,-1,:)
509	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v(nzt,0,:)
510	ENDIF
511	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
512
513	ENDIF
514
515	ENDIF
516
517	IF ( outflow_n ) THEN
518
519	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
520	u_p(:,ny+1,:) = u(:,ny,:)
521	v_p(:,ny+1,:) = v(:,ny,:)
522	w_p(:,ny+1,:) = w(:,ny,:)
523	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
524
525	c_max = dy / dt_3d
526
527	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
528	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
529	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
530
531	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
532	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
533	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
534
535	!
536	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
537	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
538	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
539	DO i = nxl, nxr
540
541	denom = u_m_n(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
542
543	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
544	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
545	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
546	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
547	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
548	c_u(k,i) = c_max
549	ENDIF
550	ELSE
551	c_u(k,i) = c_max
552	ENDIF
553
554	denom = v_m_n(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
555
556	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
557	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
558	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
559	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
560	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
561	c_v(k,i) = c_max
562	ENDIF
563	ELSE
564	c_v(k,i) = c_max
565	ENDIF
566
567	denom = w_m_n(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
568
569	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
570	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
571	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
572	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
573	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
574	c_w(k,i) = c_max
575	ENDIF
576	ELSE
577	c_w(k,i) = c_max
578	ENDIF
579
580	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
581	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
582	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
583
584	ENDDO
585	ENDDO
586
587	#if defined( __parallel )
588	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
589	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
590	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
591	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
592	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
593	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
594	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
595	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
596	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
597	#else
598	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
599	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
600	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
601	#endif
602
603	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
604	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
605	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
606
607	!
608	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
609	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
610	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
611	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
612	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
613	ENDIF
614
615	!
616	!-- Calculate the new velocities
617	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
618	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
619	u_p(k,ny+1,i) = u(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
620	( u(k,ny+1,i) - u(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
621
622	v_p(k,ny+1,i) = v(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
623	( v(k,ny+1,i) - v(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
624
625	w_p(k,ny+1,i) = w(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
626	( w(k,ny+1,i) - w(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
627	ENDDO
628	ENDDO
629
630	!
631	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
632	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
633	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
634	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
635	ELSE
636	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
637	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
638	ENDIF
639	w_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
640
641	!
642	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
643	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
644	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
645	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
646	ELSE
647	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
648	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
649	ENDIF
650	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
651
652	ENDIF
653
654	ENDIF
655
656	IF ( outflow_l ) THEN
657
658	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
659	u_p(:,:,-1) = u(:,:,0)
660	v_p(:,:,0) = v(:,:,1)
661	w_p(:,:,-1) = w(:,:,0)
662	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
663
664	c_max = dx / dt_3d
665
666	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
667	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
668	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
669
670	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
671	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
672	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
673
674	!
675	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
676	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
677	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
678	DO j = nys, nyn
679
680	denom = u_m_l(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,2)
681
682	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
683	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,1) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
684	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
685	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
686	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
687	c_u(k,j) = c_max
688	ENDIF
689	ELSE
690	c_u(k,j) = c_max
691	ENDIF
692
693	denom = v_m_l(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,1)
694
695	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
696	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
697	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
698	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
699	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
700	c_v(k,j) = c_max
701	ENDIF
702	ELSE
703	c_v(k,j) = c_max
704	ENDIF
705
706	denom = w_m_l(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,1)
707
708	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
709	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
710	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
711	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
712	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
713	c_w(k,j) = c_max
714	ENDIF
715	ELSE
716	c_w(k,j) = c_max
717	ENDIF
718
719	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
720	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
721	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
722
723	ENDDO
724	ENDDO
725
726	#if defined( __parallel )
727	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
728	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
729	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
730	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
731	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
732	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
733	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
734	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
735	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
736	#else
737	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
738	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
739	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
740	#endif
741
742	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
743	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
744	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
745
746	!
747	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
748	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
749	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
750	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
751	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
752	ENDIF
753
754	!
755	!-- Calculate the new velocities
756	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
757	DO j = nysg, nyng
758	u_p(k,j,0) = u(k,j,0) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
759	( u(k,j,0) - u(k,j,1) ) * ddx
760
761	v_p(k,j,-1) = v(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
762	( v(k,j,-1) - v(k,j,0) ) * ddx
763
764	w_p(k,j,-1) = w(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
765	( w(k,j,-1) - w(k,j,0) ) * ddx
766	ENDDO
767	ENDDO
768
769	!
770	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
771	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
772	u_p(nzb,:,0) = 0.0_wp
773	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
774	ELSE
775	u_p(nzb,:,0) = u_p(nzb+1,:,0)
776	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,-1)
777	ENDIF
778	w_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
779
780	!
781	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
782	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
783	u_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = u_init(nzt+1)
784	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_init(nzt+1)
785	ELSE
786	u_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = u_p(nzt,:,-1)
787	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_p(nzt,:,-1)
788	ENDIF
789	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
790
791	ENDIF
792
793	ENDIF
794
795	IF ( outflow_r ) THEN
796
797	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
798	u_p(:,:,nx+1) = u(:,:,nx)
799	v_p(:,:,nx+1) = v(:,:,nx)
800	w_p(:,:,nx+1) = w(:,:,nx)
801	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
802
803	c_max = dx / dt_3d
804
805	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
806	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
807	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
808
809	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
810	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
811	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
812
813	!
814	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
815	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
816	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
817	DO j = nys, nyn
818
819	denom = u_m_r(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
820
821	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
822	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
823	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
824	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
825	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
826	c_u(k,j) = c_max
827	ENDIF
828	ELSE
829	c_u(k,j) = c_max
830	ENDIF
831
832	denom = v_m_r(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
833
834	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
835	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
836	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
837	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
838	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
839	c_v(k,j) = c_max
840	ENDIF
841	ELSE
842	c_v(k,j) = c_max
843	ENDIF
844
845	denom = w_m_r(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
846
847	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
848	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
849	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
850	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
851	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
852	c_w(k,j) = c_max
853	ENDIF
854	ELSE
855	c_w(k,j) = c_max
856	ENDIF
857
858	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
859	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
860	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
861
862	ENDDO
863	ENDDO
864
865	#if defined( __parallel )
866	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
867	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
868	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
869	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
870	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
871	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
872	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
873	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
874	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
875	#else
876	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
877	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
878	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
879	#endif
880
881	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
882	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
883	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
884
885	!
886	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
887	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
888	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
889	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
890	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
891	ENDIF
892
893	!
894	!-- Calculate the new velocities
895	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
896	DO j = nysg, nyng
897	u_p(k,j,nx+1) = u(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
898	( u(k,j,nx+1) - u(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
899
900	v_p(k,j,nx+1) = v(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
901	( v(k,j,nx+1) - v(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
902
903	w_p(k,j,nx+1) = w(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
904	( w(k,j,nx+1) - w(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
905	ENDDO
906	ENDDO
907
908	!
909	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
910	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
911	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
912	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
913	ELSE
914	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
915	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
916	ENDIF
917	w_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
918
919	!
920	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
921	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
922	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_init(nzt+1)
923	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_init(nzt+1)
924	ELSE
925	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
926	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
927	ENDIF
928	w(nzt:nzt+1,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
929
930	ENDIF
931
932	ENDIF
933
934	END SUBROUTINE boundary_conds

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