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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/boundary_conds.f90 @ 3477

Last change on this file since 3477 was 3467, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
Branch salsa @3446 re-integrated into trunk
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 46.8 KB

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1	!> @file boundary_conds.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: boundary_conds.f90 3467 2018-10-30 19:05:21Z maronga $
27	! Implementation of a new aerosol module salsa.
28	!
29	! 3347 2018-10-15 14:21:08Z suehring
30	! Bugfix in setting boundary conditions in offline nesting
31	!
32	! 3341 2018-10-15 10:31:27Z suehring
33	! changes concerning modularization of ocean option
34	!
35	! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop
36	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
37	!
38	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
39	! unused variables removed
40	!
41	! 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring
42	! Rename some variables concerning LES-LES as well as offline nesting
43	!
44	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
45	! - Use wall function for e_p and diss_p in case of rans_tke_e
46	! - move limitation of diss_p from tcm_prognostic
47	!
48	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
49	! Set boundary condition for TKE and TKE dissipation rate in case of nesting
50	! and if parent model operates in RANS mode but child model in LES mode.
51	! mode
52	!
53	! 2793 2018-02-07 10:54:33Z suehring
54	! Removed preprocessor directive __chem
55	!
56	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
57	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
58	!
59	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
60	! Change in file header (GPL part)
61	! Adjust boundary conditions for e and diss in case of TKE-e closure (TG)
62	! Implementation of chemistry module (FK)
63	!
64	! 2569 2017-10-20 11:54:42Z kanani
65	! Removed redundant code for ibc_s_b=1 and ibc_q_b=1
66	!
67	! 2365 2017-08-21 14:59:59Z kanani
68	! Vertical grid nesting implemented: exclude setting vertical velocity to zero
69	! on fine grid (SadiqHuq)
70	!
71	! 2320 2017-07-21 12:47:43Z suehring
72	! Remove unused control parameter large_scale_forcing from only-list
73	!
74	! 2292 2017-06-20 09:51:42Z schwenkel
75	! Implementation of new microphysic scheme: cloud_scheme = 'morrison'
76	! includes two more prognostic equations for cloud drop concentration (nc)
77	! and cloud water content (qc).
78	!
79	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
80	!
81	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
82	! Set boundary conditions on topography top using flag method.
83	!
84	! 2118 2017-01-17 16:38:49Z raasch
85	! OpenACC directives removed
86	!
87	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
88	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
89	!
90	! 1992 2016-08-12 15:14:59Z suehring
91	! Adjustments for top boundary condition for passive scalar
92	!
93	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
94	! Treat humidity and passive scalar separately
95	!
96	! 1823 2016-04-07 08:57:52Z hoffmann
97	! Initial version of purely vertical nesting introduced.
98	!
99	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
100	! icloud_scheme removed. microphyisics_seifert added.
101	!
102	! 1764 2016-02-28 12:45:19Z raasch
103	! index bug for u_p at left outflow removed
104	!
105	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
106	! Introduction of nested domain feature
107	!
108	! 1742 2016-01-13 09:50:06Z raasch
109	! bugfix for outflow Neumann boundary conditions at bottom and top
110	!
111	! 1717 2015-11-11 15:09:47Z raasch
112	! Bugfix: index error in outflow conditions for left boundary
113	!
114	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
115	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
116	!
117	! 1410 2014-05-23 12:16:18Z suehring
118	! Bugfix: set dirichlet boundary condition for passive_scalar at model domain
119	! top
120	!
121	! 1399 2014-05-07 11:16:25Z heinze
122	! Bugfix: set inflow boundary conditions also if no humidity or passive_scalar
123	! is used.
124	!
125	! 1398 2014-05-07 11:15:00Z heinze
126	! Dirichlet-condition at the top for u and v changed to u_init and v_init also
127	! for large_scale_forcing
128	!
129	! 1380 2014-04-28 12:40:45Z heinze
130	! Adjust Dirichlet-condition at the top for pt in case of nudging
131	!
132	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
133	! Bottom and top boundary conditions of rain water content (qr) and
134	! rain drop concentration (nr) changed to Dirichlet
135	!
136	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
137	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
138	!
139	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
140	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
141	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
142	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
143	! revision history before 2012 removed,
144	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
145	! all variable declaration statements
146	!
147	! 1257 2013-11-08 15:18:40Z raasch
148	! loop independent clauses added
149	!
150	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
151	! Adjust ug and vg at each timestep in case of large_scale_forcing
152	!
153	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
154	! Bugfix: Neumann boundary conditions for the velocity components at the
155	! outflow are in fact radiation boundary conditions using the maximum phase
156	! velocity that ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition).
157	! Hence, logical operator use_cmax is now used instead of bc_lr_dirneu/_neudir.
158	! Bugfix: In case of use_cmax at the outflow, u, v, w are replaced by
159	! u_p, v_p, w_p
160	!
161	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
162	! boundary conditions of two-moment cloud scheme are restricted to Neumann-
163	! boundary-conditions
164	!
165	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
166	! GPU-porting
167	! dummy argument "range" removed
168	! Bugfix: wrong index in loops of radiation boundary condition
169	!
170	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
171	! boundary conditions for the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr) of the
172	! two-moment cloud scheme
173	!
174	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
175	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
176	!
177	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
178	! little reformatting
179	!
180	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
181	! Neumann boudnary conditions are added at the inflow boundary for the SGS-TKE.
182	! Outflow boundary conditions for the velocity components can be set to Neumann
183	! conditions or to radiation conditions with a horizontal averaged phase
184	! velocity.
185	!
186	! 875 2012-04-02 15:35:15Z gryschka
187	! Bugfix in case of dirichlet inflow bc at the right or north boundary
188	!
189	! Revision 1.1 1997/09/12 06:21:34 raasch
190	! Initial revision
191	!
192	!
193	! Description:
194	! ------------
195	!> Boundary conditions for the prognostic quantities.
196	!> One additional bottom boundary condition is applied for the TKE (=(u)*2)
197	!> in prandtl_fluxes. The cyclic lateral boundary conditions are implicitly
198	!> handled in routine exchange_horiz. Pressure boundary conditions are
199	!> explicitly set in routines pres, poisfft, poismg and sor.
200	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
201	SUBROUTINE boundary_conds
202
203
204	USE arrays_3d, &
205	ONLY: c_u, c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w, c_w_m, c_w_m_l, &
206	diss, diss_p, dzu, e_p, nc_p, nr_p, pt, pt_init, pt_p, q, &
207	q_p, qc_p, qr_p, s, s_p, sa, sa_p, u, u_init, u_m_l, u_m_n, &
208	u_m_r, u_m_s, u_p, v, v_init, v_m_l, v_m_n, v_m_r, v_m_s, v_p, &
209	w, w_p, w_m_l, w_m_n, w_m_r, w_m_s
210
211	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
212	ONLY: kappa
213
214	USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, &
215	ONLY: bulk_cloud_model, microphysics_morrison, microphysics_seifert
216
217	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
218	ONLY: chem_boundary_conds
219
220	USE control_parameters, &
221	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, &
222	bc_dirichlet_s, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
223	bc_radiation_s, bc_pt_t_val, bc_q_t_val, bc_s_t_val, &
224	child_domain, constant_diffusion, coupling_mode, &
225	dt_3d, humidity, ibc_pt_b, ibc_pt_t, ibc_q_b, ibc_q_t, ibc_s_b, &
226	ibc_s_t, ibc_uv_b, ibc_uv_t, &
227	intermediate_timestep_count, nesting_offline, nudging, &
228	ocean_mode, passive_scalar, rans_mode, rans_tke_e, tsc, use_cmax
229
230	USE grid_variables, &
231	ONLY: ddx, ddy, dx, dy
232
233	USE indices, &
234	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nzt
235
236	USE kinds
237
238	USE ocean_mod, &
239	ONLY: ibc_sa_t
240
241	USE pegrid
242
243	USE pmc_interface, &
244	ONLY : nesting_mode, rans_mode_parent
245
246	USE salsa_mod, &
247	ONLY: salsa, salsa_boundary_conds
248
249	USE surface_mod, &
250	ONLY : bc_h, surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, &
251	surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
252
253	USE turbulence_closure_mod, &
254	ONLY: c_0
255
256	IMPLICIT NONE
257
258	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x direction
259	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y direction
260	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z direction
261	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb !< variable to set respective boundary value, depends on facing.
262	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index boundary type, for up- and downward-facing walls
263	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
264
265	REAL(wp) :: c_max !<
266	REAL(wp) :: denom !<
267
268
269	!
270	!-- Bottom boundary
271	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
272	u_p(nzb,:,:) = u_p(nzb+1,:,:)
273	v_p(nzb,:,:) = v_p(nzb+1,:,:)
274	ENDIF
275	!
276	!-- Set zero vertical velocity at topography top (l=0), or bottom (l=1) in case
277	!-- of downward-facing surfaces.
278	DO l = 0, 1
279	!
280	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
281	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
282	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
283	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
284	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
285	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
286	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
287	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
288	w_p(k+kb,j,i) = 0.0_wp
289	ENDDO
290	ENDDO
291
292	!
293	!-- Top boundary. A nested domain ( ibc_uv_t = 3 ) does not require settings.
294	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
295	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
296	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
297	ELSEIF ( ibc_uv_t == 1 ) THEN
298	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_p(nzt,:,:)
299	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_p(nzt,:,:)
300	ENDIF
301
302	!
303	!-- Vertical nesting: Vertical velocity not zero at the top of the fine grid
304	IF ( .NOT. child_domain .AND. .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. &
305	TRIM(coupling_mode) /= 'vnested_fine' ) THEN
306	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp !< nzt is not a prognostic level (but cf. pres)
307	ENDIF
308
309	!
310	!-- Temperature at bottom and top boundary.
311	!-- In case of coupled runs (ibc_pt_b = 2) the temperature is given by
312	!-- the sea surface temperature of the coupled ocean model.
313	!-- Dirichlet
314	IF ( ibc_pt_b == 0 ) THEN
315	DO l = 0, 1
316	!
317	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
318	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
319	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
320	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
321	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
322	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
323	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
324	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
325	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt(k+kb,j,i)
326	ENDDO
327	ENDDO
328	!
329	!-- Neumann, zero-gradient
330	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_b == 1 ) THEN
331	DO l = 0, 1
332	!
333	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
334	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
335	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
336	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
337	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
338	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
339	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
340	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
341	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i)
342	ENDDO
343	ENDDO
344	ENDIF
345
346	!
347	!-- Temperature at top boundary
348	IF ( ibc_pt_t == 0 ) THEN
349	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt(nzt+1,:,:)
350	!
351	!-- In case of nudging adjust top boundary to pt which is
352	!-- read in from NUDGING-DATA
353	IF ( nudging ) THEN
354	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_init(nzt+1)
355	ENDIF
356	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 1 ) THEN
357	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:)
358	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 2 ) THEN
359	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_pt_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
360	ENDIF
361
362	!
363	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE.
364	!-- Generally Neumann conditions with de/dz=0 are assumed.
365	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
366
367	IF ( .NOT. rans_tke_e ) THEN
368	DO l = 0, 1
369	!
370	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
371	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
372	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
373	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
374	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
375	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
376	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
377	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
378	e_p(k+kb,j,i) = e_p(k,j,i)
379	ENDDO
380	ENDDO
381	ELSE
382	!
383	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
384	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
385	!-- Default surfaces
386	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
387	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
388	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
389	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
390	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_h(0)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
391	ENDDO
392	!
393	!-- Natural surfaces
394	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
395	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
396	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
397	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
398	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
399	ENDDO
400	!
401	!-- Urban surfaces
402	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
403	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
404	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
405	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
406	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
407	ENDDO
408	!
409	!-- Vertical surfaces
410	DO l = 0, 3
411	!
412	!-- Default surfaces
413	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
414	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
415	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
416	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
417	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
418	ENDDO
419	!
420	!-- Natural surfaces
421	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
422	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
423	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
424	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
425	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
426	ENDDO
427	!
428	!-- Urban surfaces
429	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
430	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
431	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
432	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
433	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
434	ENDDO
435	ENDDO
436	ENDIF
437
438	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
439	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
440	!
441	!-- Nesting case: if parent operates in RANS mode and child in LES mode,
442	!-- no TKE is transfered. This case, set Neumann conditions at lateral and
443	!-- top child boundaries.
444	!-- If not ( both either in RANS or in LES mode ), TKE boundary condition
445	!-- is treated in the nesting.
446	ELSE
447
448	IF ( rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
449
450	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
451	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
452	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
453	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
454	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
455
456	ENDIF
457	ENDIF
458	ENDIF
459
460	!
461	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE dissipation rate.
462	IF ( rans_tke_e ) THEN
463	!
464	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
465	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
466	!-- Default surfaces
467	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
468	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
469	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
470	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
471	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_h(0)%us(m)**3 &
472	/ ( kappa * surf_def_h(0)%z_mo(m) )
473	ENDDO
474	!
475	!-- Natural surfaces
476	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
477	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
478	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
479	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
480	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_h%us(m)**3 &
481	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_h%z_mo(m) )
482	ENDDO
483	!
484	!-- Urban surfaces
485	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
486	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
487	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
488	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
489	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_h%us(m)**3 &
490	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_h%z_mo(m) )
491	ENDDO
492	!
493	!-- Vertical surfaces
494	DO l = 0, 3
495	!
496	!-- Default surfaces
497	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
498	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
499	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
500	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
501	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
502	/ ( kappa * surf_def_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
503	ENDDO
504	!
505	!-- Natural surfaces
506	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
507	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
508	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
509	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
510	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
511	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
512	ENDDO
513	!
514	!-- Urban surfaces
515	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
516	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
517	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
518	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
519	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
520	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
521	ENDDO
522	ENDDO
523	!
524	!-- Limit change of diss to be between -90% and +100%. Also, set an absolute
525	!-- minimum value
526	DO i = nxl, nxr
527	DO j = nys, nyn
528	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
529	diss_p(k,j,i) = MAX( MIN( diss_p(k,j,i), &
530	2.0_wp * diss(k,j,i) ), &
531	0.1_wp * diss(k,j,i), &
532	0.0001_wp )
533	ENDDO
534	ENDDO
535	ENDDO
536
537	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
538	diss_p(nzt+1,:,:) = diss_p(nzt,:,:)
539	ENDIF
540	ENDIF
541
542	!
543	!-- Boundary conditions for salinity
544	IF ( ocean_mode ) THEN
545	!
546	!-- Bottom boundary: Neumann condition because salinity flux is always
547	!-- given.
548	DO l = 0, 1
549	!
550	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
551	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
552	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
553	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
554	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
555	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
556	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
557	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
558	sa_p(k+kb,j,i) = sa_p(k,j,i)
559	ENDDO
560	ENDDO
561	!
562	!-- Top boundary: Dirichlet or Neumann
563	IF ( ibc_sa_t == 0 ) THEN
564	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa(nzt+1,:,:)
565	ELSEIF ( ibc_sa_t == 1 ) THEN
566	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa_p(nzt,:,:)
567	ENDIF
568
569	ENDIF
570
571	!
572	!-- Boundary conditions for total water content,
573	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
574	IF ( humidity ) THEN
575	!
576	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
577	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
578	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
579	!-- q_p at k-1
580	IF ( ibc_q_b == 0 ) THEN
581
582	DO l = 0, 1
583	!
584	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
585	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
586	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
587	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
588	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
589	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
590	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
591	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
592	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q(k+kb,j,i)
593	ENDDO
594	ENDDO
595
596	ELSE
597
598	DO l = 0, 1
599	!
600	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
601	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
602	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
603	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
604	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
605	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
606	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
607	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
608	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i)
609	ENDDO
610	ENDDO
611	ENDIF
612	!
613	!-- Top boundary
614	IF ( ibc_q_t == 0 ) THEN
615	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q(nzt+1,:,:)
616	ELSEIF ( ibc_q_t == 1 ) THEN
617	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_q_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
618	ENDIF
619
620	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
621	!
622	!-- Surface conditions cloud water (Dirichlet)
623	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
624	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
625	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
626	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
627	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
628	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
629	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
630	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
631	qc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
632	nc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
633	ENDDO
634	!
635	!-- Top boundary condition for cloud water (Dirichlet)
636	qc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
637	nc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
638
639	ENDIF
640
641	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
642	!
643	!-- Surface conditions rain water (Dirichlet)
644	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
645	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
646	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
647	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
648	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
649	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
650	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
651	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
652	qr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
653	nr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
654	ENDDO
655	!
656	!-- Top boundary condition for rain water (Dirichlet)
657	qr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
658	nr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
659
660	ENDIF
661	ENDIF
662	!
663	!-- Boundary conditions for scalar,
664	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
665	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
666	!
667	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
668	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
669	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
670	!-- s_p at k-1
671	IF ( ibc_s_b == 0 ) THEN
672
673	DO l = 0, 1
674	!
675	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
676	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
677	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
678	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
679	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
680	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
681	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
682	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
683	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s(k+kb,j,i)
684	ENDDO
685	ENDDO
686
687	ELSE
688
689	DO l = 0, 1
690	!
691	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
692	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
693	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
694	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
695	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
696	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
697	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
698	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
699	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s_p(k,j,i)
700	ENDDO
701	ENDDO
702	ENDIF
703	!
704	!-- Top boundary condition
705	IF ( ibc_s_t == 0 ) THEN
706	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s(nzt+1,:,:)
707	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 1 ) THEN
708	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:)
709	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 2 ) THEN
710	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_s_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
711	ENDIF
712
713	ENDIF
714	!
715	!-- Top/bottom boundary conditions for chemical species
716	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_bottomtop' )
717	!
718	!-- In case of inflow or nest boundary at the south boundary the boundary for v
719	!-- is at nys and in case of inflow or nest boundary at the left boundary the
720	!-- boundary for u is at nxl. Since in prognostic_equations (cache optimized
721	!-- version) these levels are handled as a prognostic level, boundary values
722	!-- have to be restored here.
723	!-- For the SGS-TKE, Neumann boundary conditions are used at the inflow.
724	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
725	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
726	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
727	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
728	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
729	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
730	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
731	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
732	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
733	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
734	ENDIF
735
736	!
737	!-- The same restoration for u at i=nxl and v at j=nys as above must be made
738	!-- in case of nest boundaries. This must not be done in case of vertical nesting
739	!-- mode as in that case the lateral boundaries are actually cyclic.
740	IF ( nesting_mode /= 'vertical' .OR. nesting_offline ) THEN
741	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
742	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
743	ENDIF
744	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
745	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
746	ENDIF
747	ENDIF
748
749	!
750	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for scalar quantities at the outflow
751	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
752	pt_p(:,nys-1,:) = pt_p(:,nys,:)
753	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
754	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nys-1,:) = diss_p(:,nys,:)
755	IF ( humidity ) THEN
756	q_p(:,nys-1,:) = q_p(:,nys,:)
757	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
758	qc_p(:,nys-1,:) = qc_p(:,nys,:)
759	nc_p(:,nys-1,:) = nc_p(:,nys,:)
760	ENDIF
761	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
762	qr_p(:,nys-1,:) = qr_p(:,nys,:)
763	nr_p(:,nys-1,:) = nr_p(:,nys,:)
764	ENDIF
765	ENDIF
766	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nys-1,:) = s_p(:,nys,:)
767	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
768	pt_p(:,nyn+1,:) = pt_p(:,nyn,:)
769	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
770	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nyn+1,:) = diss_p(:,nyn,:)
771	IF ( humidity ) THEN
772	q_p(:,nyn+1,:) = q_p(:,nyn,:)
773	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
774	qc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qc_p(:,nyn,:)
775	nc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nc_p(:,nyn,:)
776	ENDIF
777	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
778	qr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qr_p(:,nyn,:)
779	nr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nr_p(:,nyn,:)
780	ENDIF
781	ENDIF
782	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nyn+1,:) = s_p(:,nyn,:)
783	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
784	pt_p(:,:,nxl-1) = pt_p(:,:,nxl)
785	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
786	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxl-1) = diss_p(:,:,nxl)
787	IF ( humidity ) THEN
788	q_p(:,:,nxl-1) = q_p(:,:,nxl)
789	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
790	qc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qc_p(:,:,nxl)
791	nc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nc_p(:,:,nxl)
792	ENDIF
793	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
794	qr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qr_p(:,:,nxl)
795	nr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nr_p(:,:,nxl)
796	ENDIF
797	ENDIF
798	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxl-1) = s_p(:,:,nxl)
799	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
800	pt_p(:,:,nxr+1) = pt_p(:,:,nxr)
801	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
802	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxr+1) = diss_p(:,:,nxr)
803	IF ( humidity ) THEN
804	q_p(:,:,nxr+1) = q_p(:,:,nxr)
805	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
806	qc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qc_p(:,:,nxr)
807	nc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nc_p(:,:,nxr)
808	ENDIF
809	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
810	qr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qr_p(:,:,nxr)
811	nr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nr_p(:,:,nxr)
812	ENDIF
813	ENDIF
814	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxr+1) = s_p(:,:,nxr)
815	ENDIF
816
817	!
818	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for chemical species
819	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_lateral' )
820
821	!
822	!-- Radiation boundary conditions for the velocities at the respective outflow.
823	!-- The phase velocity is either assumed to the maximum phase velocity that
824	!-- ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition) or calculated after
825	!-- Orlanski(1976) and averaged along the outflow boundary.
826	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
827
828	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
829	u_p(:,-1,:) = u(:,0,:)
830	v_p(:,0,:) = v(:,1,:)
831	w_p(:,-1,:) = w(:,0,:)
832	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
833
834	c_max = dy / dt_3d
835
836	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
837	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
838	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
839
840	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
841	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
842	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
843
844	!
845	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
846	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
847	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
848	DO i = nxl, nxr
849
850	denom = u_m_s(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,1,i)
851
852	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
853	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
854	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
855	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
856	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
857	c_u(k,i) = c_max
858	ENDIF
859	ELSE
860	c_u(k,i) = c_max
861	ENDIF
862
863	denom = v_m_s(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,2,i)
864
865	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
866	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,1,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
867	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
868	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
869	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
870	c_v(k,i) = c_max
871	ENDIF
872	ELSE
873	c_v(k,i) = c_max
874	ENDIF
875
876	denom = w_m_s(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,1,i)
877
878	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
879	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
880	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
881	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
882	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
883	c_w(k,i) = c_max
884	ENDIF
885	ELSE
886	c_w(k,i) = c_max
887	ENDIF
888
889	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
890	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
891	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
892
893	ENDDO
894	ENDDO
895
896	#if defined( __parallel )
897	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
898	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
899	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
900	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
901	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
902	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
903	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
904	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
905	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
906	#else
907	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
908	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
909	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
910	#endif
911
912	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
913	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
914	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
915
916	!
917	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
918	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
919	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
920	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
921	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
922	ENDIF
923
924	!
925	!-- Calculate the new velocities
926	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
927	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
928	u_p(k,-1,i) = u(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
929	( u(k,-1,i) - u(k,0,i) ) * ddy
930
931	v_p(k,0,i) = v(k,0,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
932	( v(k,0,i) - v(k,1,i) ) * ddy
933
934	w_p(k,-1,i) = w(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
935	( w(k,-1,i) - w(k,0,i) ) * ddy
936	ENDDO
937	ENDDO
938
939	!
940	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
941	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
942	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
943	v_p(nzb,0,:) = 0.0_wp
944	ELSE
945	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,-1,:)
946	v_p(nzb,0,:) = v_p(nzb+1,0,:)
947	ENDIF
948	w_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
949
950	!
951	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
952	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
953	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
954	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
955	ELSE
956	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_p(nzt,-1,:)
957	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_p(nzt,0,:)
958	ENDIF
959	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
960
961	ENDIF
962
963	ENDIF
964
965	IF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
966
967	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
968	u_p(:,ny+1,:) = u(:,ny,:)
969	v_p(:,ny+1,:) = v(:,ny,:)
970	w_p(:,ny+1,:) = w(:,ny,:)
971	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
972
973	c_max = dy / dt_3d
974
975	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
976	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
977	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
978
979	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
980	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
981	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
982
983	!
984	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
985	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
986	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
987	DO i = nxl, nxr
988
989	denom = u_m_n(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
990
991	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
992	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
993	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
994	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
995	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
996	c_u(k,i) = c_max
997	ENDIF
998	ELSE
999	c_u(k,i) = c_max
1000	ENDIF
1001
1002	denom = v_m_n(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
1003
1004	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1005	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1006	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1007	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1008	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1009	c_v(k,i) = c_max
1010	ENDIF
1011	ELSE
1012	c_v(k,i) = c_max
1013	ENDIF
1014
1015	denom = w_m_n(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
1016
1017	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1018	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1019	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1020	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1021	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1022	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1023	ENDIF
1024	ELSE
1025	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1026	ENDIF
1027
1028	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
1029	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
1030	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
1031
1032	ENDDO
1033	ENDDO
1034
1035	#if defined( __parallel )
1036	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1037	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1038	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1039	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1040	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1041	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1042	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1043	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1044	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1045	#else
1046	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1047	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1048	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1049	#endif
1050
1051	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
1052	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
1053	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
1054
1055	!
1056	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1057	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1058	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1059	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1060	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1061	ENDIF
1062
1063	!
1064	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1065	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1066	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1067	u_p(k,ny+1,i) = u(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1068	( u(k,ny+1,i) - u(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1069
1070	v_p(k,ny+1,i) = v(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1071	( v(k,ny+1,i) - v(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1072
1073	w_p(k,ny+1,i) = w(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1074	( w(k,ny+1,i) - w(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1075	ENDDO
1076	ENDDO
1077
1078	!
1079	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1080	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1081	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1082	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1083	ELSE
1084	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1085	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1086	ENDIF
1087	w_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1088
1089	!
1090	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1091	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1092	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
1093	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
1094	ELSE
1095	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1096	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1097	ENDIF
1098	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1099
1100	ENDIF
1101
1102	ENDIF
1103
1104	IF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
1105
1106	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1107	u_p(:,:,0) = u(:,:,1)
1108	v_p(:,:,-1) = v(:,:,0)
1109	w_p(:,:,-1) = w(:,:,0)
1110	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1111
1112	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1113
1114	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1115	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1116	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1117
1118	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1119	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1120	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1121
1122	!
1123	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1124	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1125	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1126	DO j = nys, nyn
1127
1128	denom = u_m_l(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,2)
1129
1130	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1131	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,1) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1132	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1133	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1134	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1135	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1136	ENDIF
1137	ELSE
1138	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1139	ENDIF
1140
1141	denom = v_m_l(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,1)
1142
1143	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1144	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1145	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1146	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1147	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1148	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1149	ENDIF
1150	ELSE
1151	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1152	ENDIF
1153
1154	denom = w_m_l(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,1)
1155
1156	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1157	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1158	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1159	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1160	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1161	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1162	ENDIF
1163	ELSE
1164	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1165	ENDIF
1166
1167	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1168	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1169	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1170
1171	ENDDO
1172	ENDDO
1173
1174	#if defined( __parallel )
1175	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1176	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1177	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1178	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1179	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1180	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1181	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1182	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1183	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1184	#else
1185	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1186	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1187	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1188	#endif
1189
1190	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1191	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1192	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1193
1194	!
1195	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1196	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1197	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1198	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1199	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1200	ENDIF
1201
1202	!
1203	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1204	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1205	DO j = nysg, nyng
1206	u_p(k,j,0) = u(k,j,0) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1207	( u(k,j,0) - u(k,j,1) ) * ddx
1208
1209	v_p(k,j,-1) = v(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1210	( v(k,j,-1) - v(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1211
1212	w_p(k,j,-1) = w(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1213	( w(k,j,-1) - w(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1214	ENDDO
1215	ENDDO
1216
1217	!
1218	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1219	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1220	u_p(nzb,:,0) = 0.0_wp
1221	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1222	ELSE
1223	u_p(nzb,:,0) = u_p(nzb+1,:,0)
1224	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,-1)
1225	ENDIF
1226	w_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1227
1228	!
1229	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1230	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1231	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_init(nzt+1)
1232	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1233	ELSE
1234	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_p(nzt,:,0)
1235	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_p(nzt,:,-1)
1236	ENDIF
1237	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1238
1239	ENDIF
1240
1241	ENDIF
1242
1243	IF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
1244
1245	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1246	u_p(:,:,nx+1) = u(:,:,nx)
1247	v_p(:,:,nx+1) = v(:,:,nx)
1248	w_p(:,:,nx+1) = w(:,:,nx)
1249	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1250
1251	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1252
1253	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1254	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1255	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1256
1257	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1258	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1259	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1260
1261	!
1262	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1263	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1264	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1265	DO j = nys, nyn
1266
1267	denom = u_m_r(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1268
1269	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1270	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1271	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1272	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1273	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1274	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1275	ENDIF
1276	ELSE
1277	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1278	ENDIF
1279
1280	denom = v_m_r(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1281
1282	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1283	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1284	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1285	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1286	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1287	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1288	ENDIF
1289	ELSE
1290	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1291	ENDIF
1292
1293	denom = w_m_r(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1294
1295	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1296	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1297	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1298	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1299	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1300	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1301	ENDIF
1302	ELSE
1303	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1304	ENDIF
1305
1306	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1307	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1308	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1309
1310	ENDDO
1311	ENDDO
1312
1313	#if defined( __parallel )
1314	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1315	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1316	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1317	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1318	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1319	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1320	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1321	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1322	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1323	#else
1324	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1325	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1326	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1327	#endif
1328
1329	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1330	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1331	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1332
1333	!
1334	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1335	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1336	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1337	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1338	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1339	ENDIF
1340
1341	!
1342	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1343	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1344	DO j = nysg, nyng
1345	u_p(k,j,nx+1) = u(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1346	( u(k,j,nx+1) - u(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1347
1348	v_p(k,j,nx+1) = v(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1349	( v(k,j,nx+1) - v(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1350
1351	w_p(k,j,nx+1) = w(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1352	( w(k,j,nx+1) - w(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1353	ENDDO
1354	ENDDO
1355
1356	!
1357	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1358	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1359	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1360	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1361	ELSE
1362	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1363	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1364	ENDIF
1365	w_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1366
1367	!
1368	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1369	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1370	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_init(nzt+1)
1371	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1372	ELSE
1373	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1374	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1375	ENDIF
1376	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1377
1378	ENDIF
1379
1380	ENDIF
1381
1382	IF ( salsa ) THEN
1383	CALL salsa_boundary_conds
1384	ENDIF
1385
1386	END SUBROUTINE boundary_conds

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