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source: palm/trunk/SOURCE/boundary_conds.f90 @ 3371

Last change on this file since 3371 was 3347, checked in by suehring, 6 years ago
Offline nesting revised and separated from large_scale_forcing_mod; Time-dependent synthetic turbulence generator; bugfixes in USM/LSM radiation model and init_pegrid
Property svn:keywords set to `Id`
File size: 46.6 KB

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1	!> @file boundary_conds.f90
2	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
3	! This file is part of the PALM model system.
4	!
5	! PALM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
6	! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
7	! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
8	! version.
9	!
10	! PALM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
11	! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
12	! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
13	!
14	! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
15	! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
16	!
17	! Copyright 1997-2018 Leibniz Universitaet Hannover
18	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
19	!
20	! Current revisions:
21	! -----------------
22	!
23	!
24	! Former revisions:
25	! -----------------
26	! $Id: boundary_conds.f90 3347 2018-10-15 14:21:08Z knoop $
27	! Bugfix in setting boundary conditions in offline nesting
28	!
29	! 3341 2018-10-15 10:31:27Z suehring
30	! changes concerning modularization of ocean option
31	!
32	! 3274 2018-09-24 15:42:55Z knoop
33	! Modularization of all bulk cloud physics code components
34	!
35	! 3241 2018-09-12 15:02:00Z raasch
36	! unused variables removed
37	!
38	! 3183 2018-07-27 14:25:55Z suehring
39	! Rename some variables concerning LES-LES as well as offline nesting
40	!
41	! 3182 2018-07-27 13:36:03Z suehring
42	! - Use wall function for e_p and diss_p in case of rans_tke_e
43	! - move limitation of diss_p from tcm_prognostic
44	!
45	! 2938 2018-03-27 15:52:42Z suehring
46	! Set boundary condition for TKE and TKE dissipation rate in case of nesting
47	! and if parent model operates in RANS mode but child model in LES mode.
48	! mode
49	!
50	! 2793 2018-02-07 10:54:33Z suehring
51	! Removed preprocessor directive __chem
52	!
53	! 2718 2018-01-02 08:49:38Z maronga
54	! Corrected "Former revisions" section
55	!
56	! 2696 2017-12-14 17:12:51Z kanani
57	! Change in file header (GPL part)
58	! Adjust boundary conditions for e and diss in case of TKE-e closure (TG)
59	! Implementation of chemistry module (FK)
60	!
61	! 2569 2017-10-20 11:54:42Z kanani
62	! Removed redundant code for ibc_s_b=1 and ibc_q_b=1
63	!
64	! 2365 2017-08-21 14:59:59Z kanani
65	! Vertical grid nesting implemented: exclude setting vertical velocity to zero
66	! on fine grid (SadiqHuq)
67	!
68	! 2320 2017-07-21 12:47:43Z suehring
69	! Remove unused control parameter large_scale_forcing from only-list
70	!
71	! 2292 2017-06-20 09:51:42Z schwenkel
72	! Implementation of new microphysic scheme: cloud_scheme = 'morrison'
73	! includes two more prognostic equations for cloud drop concentration (nc)
74	! and cloud water content (qc).
75	!
76	! 2233 2017-05-30 18:08:54Z suehring
77	!
78	! 2232 2017-05-30 17:47:52Z suehring
79	! Set boundary conditions on topography top using flag method.
80	!
81	! 2118 2017-01-17 16:38:49Z raasch
82	! OpenACC directives removed
83	!
84	! 2000 2016-08-20 18:09:15Z knoop
85	! Forced header and separation lines into 80 columns
86	!
87	! 1992 2016-08-12 15:14:59Z suehring
88	! Adjustments for top boundary condition for passive scalar
89	!
90	! 1960 2016-07-12 16:34:24Z suehring
91	! Treat humidity and passive scalar separately
92	!
93	! 1823 2016-04-07 08:57:52Z hoffmann
94	! Initial version of purely vertical nesting introduced.
95	!
96	! 1822 2016-04-07 07:49:42Z hoffmann
97	! icloud_scheme removed. microphyisics_seifert added.
98	!
99	! 1764 2016-02-28 12:45:19Z raasch
100	! index bug for u_p at left outflow removed
101	!
102	! 1762 2016-02-25 12:31:13Z hellstea
103	! Introduction of nested domain feature
104	!
105	! 1742 2016-01-13 09:50:06Z raasch
106	! bugfix for outflow Neumann boundary conditions at bottom and top
107	!
108	! 1717 2015-11-11 15:09:47Z raasch
109	! Bugfix: index error in outflow conditions for left boundary
110	!
111	! 1682 2015-10-07 23:56:08Z knoop
112	! Code annotations made doxygen readable
113	!
114	! 1410 2014-05-23 12:16:18Z suehring
115	! Bugfix: set dirichlet boundary condition for passive_scalar at model domain
116	! top
117	!
118	! 1399 2014-05-07 11:16:25Z heinze
119	! Bugfix: set inflow boundary conditions also if no humidity or passive_scalar
120	! is used.
121	!
122	! 1398 2014-05-07 11:15:00Z heinze
123	! Dirichlet-condition at the top for u and v changed to u_init and v_init also
124	! for large_scale_forcing
125	!
126	! 1380 2014-04-28 12:40:45Z heinze
127	! Adjust Dirichlet-condition at the top for pt in case of nudging
128	!
129	! 1361 2014-04-16 15:17:48Z hoffmann
130	! Bottom and top boundary conditions of rain water content (qr) and
131	! rain drop concentration (nr) changed to Dirichlet
132	!
133	! 1353 2014-04-08 15:21:23Z heinze
134	! REAL constants provided with KIND-attribute
135	!
136	! 1320 2014-03-20 08:40:49Z raasch
137	! ONLY-attribute added to USE-statements,
138	! kind-parameters added to all INTEGER and REAL declaration statements,
139	! kinds are defined in new module kinds,
140	! revision history before 2012 removed,
141	! comment fields (!:) to be used for variable explanations added to
142	! all variable declaration statements
143	!
144	! 1257 2013-11-08 15:18:40Z raasch
145	! loop independent clauses added
146	!
147	! 1241 2013-10-30 11:36:58Z heinze
148	! Adjust ug and vg at each timestep in case of large_scale_forcing
149	!
150	! 1159 2013-05-21 11:58:22Z fricke
151	! Bugfix: Neumann boundary conditions for the velocity components at the
152	! outflow are in fact radiation boundary conditions using the maximum phase
153	! velocity that ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition).
154	! Hence, logical operator use_cmax is now used instead of bc_lr_dirneu/_neudir.
155	! Bugfix: In case of use_cmax at the outflow, u, v, w are replaced by
156	! u_p, v_p, w_p
157	!
158	! 1115 2013-03-26 18:16:16Z hoffmann
159	! boundary conditions of two-moment cloud scheme are restricted to Neumann-
160	! boundary-conditions
161	!
162	! 1113 2013-03-10 02:48:14Z raasch
163	! GPU-porting
164	! dummy argument "range" removed
165	! Bugfix: wrong index in loops of radiation boundary condition
166	!
167	! 1053 2012-11-13 17:11:03Z hoffmann
168	! boundary conditions for the two new prognostic equations (nr, qr) of the
169	! two-moment cloud scheme
170	!
171	! 1036 2012-10-22 13:43:42Z raasch
172	! code put under GPL (PALM 3.9)
173	!
174	! 996 2012-09-07 10:41:47Z raasch
175	! little reformatting
176	!
177	! 978 2012-08-09 08:28:32Z fricke
178	! Neumann boudnary conditions are added at the inflow boundary for the SGS-TKE.
179	! Outflow boundary conditions for the velocity components can be set to Neumann
180	! conditions or to radiation conditions with a horizontal averaged phase
181	! velocity.
182	!
183	! 875 2012-04-02 15:35:15Z gryschka
184	! Bugfix in case of dirichlet inflow bc at the right or north boundary
185	!
186	! Revision 1.1 1997/09/12 06:21:34 raasch
187	! Initial revision
188	!
189	!
190	! Description:
191	! ------------
192	!> Boundary conditions for the prognostic quantities.
193	!> One additional bottom boundary condition is applied for the TKE (=(u)*2)
194	!> in prandtl_fluxes. The cyclic lateral boundary conditions are implicitly
195	!> handled in routine exchange_horiz. Pressure boundary conditions are
196	!> explicitly set in routines pres, poisfft, poismg and sor.
197	!------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
198	SUBROUTINE boundary_conds
199
200
201	USE arrays_3d, &
202	ONLY: c_u, c_u_m, c_u_m_l, c_v, c_v_m, c_v_m_l, c_w, c_w_m, c_w_m_l, &
203	diss, diss_p, dzu, e_p, nc_p, nr_p, pt, pt_init, pt_p, q, &
204	q_p, qc_p, qr_p, s, s_p, sa, sa_p, u, u_init, u_m_l, u_m_n, &
205	u_m_r, u_m_s, u_p, v, v_init, v_m_l, v_m_n, v_m_r, v_m_s, v_p, &
206	w, w_p, w_m_l, w_m_n, w_m_r, w_m_s
207
208	USE basic_constants_and_equations_mod, &
209	ONLY: kappa
210
211	USE bulk_cloud_model_mod, &
212	ONLY: bulk_cloud_model, microphysics_morrison, microphysics_seifert
213
214	USE chemistry_model_mod, &
215	ONLY: chem_boundary_conds
216
217	USE control_parameters, &
218	ONLY: air_chemistry, bc_dirichlet_l, bc_dirichlet_n, bc_dirichlet_r, &
219	bc_dirichlet_s, bc_radiation_l, bc_radiation_n, bc_radiation_r, &
220	bc_radiation_s, bc_pt_t_val, bc_q_t_val, bc_s_t_val, &
221	child_domain, constant_diffusion, coupling_mode, &
222	dt_3d, humidity, ibc_pt_b, ibc_pt_t, ibc_q_b, ibc_q_t, ibc_s_b, &
223	ibc_s_t, ibc_uv_b, ibc_uv_t, &
224	intermediate_timestep_count, nesting_offline, nudging, &
225	ocean_mode, passive_scalar, rans_mode, rans_tke_e, tsc, use_cmax
226
227	USE grid_variables, &
228	ONLY: ddx, ddy, dx, dy
229
230	USE indices, &
231	ONLY: nx, nxl, nxlg, nxr, nxrg, ny, nyn, nyng, nys, nysg, nzb, nzt
232
233	USE kinds
234
235	USE ocean_mod, &
236	ONLY: ibc_sa_t
237
238	USE pegrid
239
240	USE pmc_interface, &
241	ONLY : nesting_mode, rans_mode_parent
242
243	USE surface_mod, &
244	ONLY : bc_h, surf_def_h, surf_def_v, surf_lsm_h, surf_lsm_v, &
245	surf_usm_h, surf_usm_v
246
247	USE turbulence_closure_mod, &
248	ONLY: c_0
249
250	IMPLICIT NONE
251
252	INTEGER(iwp) :: i !< grid index x direction
253	INTEGER(iwp) :: j !< grid index y direction
254	INTEGER(iwp) :: k !< grid index z direction
255	INTEGER(iwp) :: kb !< variable to set respective boundary value, depends on facing.
256	INTEGER(iwp) :: l !< running index boundary type, for up- and downward-facing walls
257	INTEGER(iwp) :: m !< running index surface elements
258
259	REAL(wp) :: c_max !<
260	REAL(wp) :: denom !<
261
262
263	!
264	!-- Bottom boundary
265	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 1 ) THEN
266	u_p(nzb,:,:) = u_p(nzb+1,:,:)
267	v_p(nzb,:,:) = v_p(nzb+1,:,:)
268	ENDIF
269	!
270	!-- Set zero vertical velocity at topography top (l=0), or bottom (l=1) in case
271	!-- of downward-facing surfaces.
272	DO l = 0, 1
273	!
274	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
275	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
276	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
277	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
278	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
279	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
280	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
281	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
282	w_p(k+kb,j,i) = 0.0_wp
283	ENDDO
284	ENDDO
285
286	!
287	!-- Top boundary. A nested domain ( ibc_uv_t = 3 ) does not require settings.
288	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
289	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
290	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
291	ELSEIF ( ibc_uv_t == 1 ) THEN
292	u_p(nzt+1,:,:) = u_p(nzt,:,:)
293	v_p(nzt+1,:,:) = v_p(nzt,:,:)
294	ENDIF
295
296	!
297	!-- Vertical nesting: Vertical velocity not zero at the top of the fine grid
298	IF ( .NOT. child_domain .AND. .NOT. nesting_offline .AND. &
299	TRIM(coupling_mode) /= 'vnested_fine' ) THEN
300	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp !< nzt is not a prognostic level (but cf. pres)
301	ENDIF
302
303	!
304	!-- Temperature at bottom and top boundary.
305	!-- In case of coupled runs (ibc_pt_b = 2) the temperature is given by
306	!-- the sea surface temperature of the coupled ocean model.
307	!-- Dirichlet
308	IF ( ibc_pt_b == 0 ) THEN
309	DO l = 0, 1
310	!
311	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
312	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
313	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
314	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
315	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
316	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
317	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
318	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
319	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt(k+kb,j,i)
320	ENDDO
321	ENDDO
322	!
323	!-- Neumann, zero-gradient
324	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_b == 1 ) THEN
325	DO l = 0, 1
326	!
327	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
328	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
329	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
330	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
331	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
332	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
333	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
334	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
335	pt_p(k+kb,j,i) = pt_p(k,j,i)
336	ENDDO
337	ENDDO
338	ENDIF
339
340	!
341	!-- Temperature at top boundary
342	IF ( ibc_pt_t == 0 ) THEN
343	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt(nzt+1,:,:)
344	!
345	!-- In case of nudging adjust top boundary to pt which is
346	!-- read in from NUDGING-DATA
347	IF ( nudging ) THEN
348	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_init(nzt+1)
349	ENDIF
350	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 1 ) THEN
351	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:)
352	ELSEIF ( ibc_pt_t == 2 ) THEN
353	pt_p(nzt+1,:,:) = pt_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_pt_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
354	ENDIF
355
356	!
357	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE.
358	!-- Generally Neumann conditions with de/dz=0 are assumed.
359	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) THEN
360
361	IF ( .NOT. rans_tke_e ) THEN
362	DO l = 0, 1
363	!
364	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
365	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
366	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
367	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
368	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
369	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
370	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
371	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
372	e_p(k+kb,j,i) = e_p(k,j,i)
373	ENDDO
374	ENDDO
375	ELSE
376	!
377	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
378	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
379	!-- Default surfaces
380	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
381	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
382	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
383	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
384	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_h(0)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
385	ENDDO
386	!
387	!-- Natural surfaces
388	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
389	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
390	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
391	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
392	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
393	ENDDO
394	!
395	!-- Urban surfaces
396	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
397	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
398	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
399	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
400	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_h%us(m) / c_0 )**2
401	ENDDO
402	!
403	!-- Vertical surfaces
404	DO l = 0, 3
405	!
406	!-- Default surfaces
407	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
408	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
409	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
410	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
411	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_def_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
412	ENDDO
413	!
414	!-- Natural surfaces
415	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
416	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
417	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
418	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
419	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
420	ENDDO
421	!
422	!-- Urban surfaces
423	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
424	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
425	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
426	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
427	e_p(k,j,i) = ( surf_usm_v(l)%us(m) / c_0 )**2
428	ENDDO
429	ENDDO
430	ENDIF
431
432	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
433	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
434	!
435	!-- Nesting case: if parent operates in RANS mode and child in LES mode,
436	!-- no TKE is transfered. This case, set Neumann conditions at lateral and
437	!-- top child boundaries.
438	!-- If not ( both either in RANS or in LES mode ), TKE boundary condition
439	!-- is treated in the nesting.
440	ELSE
441
442	IF ( rans_mode_parent .AND. .NOT. rans_mode ) THEN
443
444	e_p(nzt+1,:,:) = e_p(nzt,:,:)
445	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
446	IF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
447	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
448	IF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
449
450	ENDIF
451	ENDIF
452	ENDIF
453
454	!
455	!-- Boundary conditions for TKE dissipation rate.
456	IF ( rans_tke_e ) THEN
457	!
458	!-- Use wall function within constant-flux layer
459	!-- Upward-facing surfaces
460	!-- Default surfaces
461	DO m = 1, surf_def_h(0)%ns
462	i = surf_def_h(0)%i(m)
463	j = surf_def_h(0)%j(m)
464	k = surf_def_h(0)%k(m)
465	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_h(0)%us(m)**3 &
466	/ ( kappa * surf_def_h(0)%z_mo(m) )
467	ENDDO
468	!
469	!-- Natural surfaces
470	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_h%ns
471	i = surf_lsm_h%i(m)
472	j = surf_lsm_h%j(m)
473	k = surf_lsm_h%k(m)
474	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_h%us(m)**3 &
475	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_h%z_mo(m) )
476	ENDDO
477	!
478	!-- Urban surfaces
479	DO m = 1, surf_usm_h%ns
480	i = surf_usm_h%i(m)
481	j = surf_usm_h%j(m)
482	k = surf_usm_h%k(m)
483	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_h%us(m)**3 &
484	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_h%z_mo(m) )
485	ENDDO
486	!
487	!-- Vertical surfaces
488	DO l = 0, 3
489	!
490	!-- Default surfaces
491	DO m = 1, surf_def_v(l)%ns
492	i = surf_def_v(l)%i(m)
493	j = surf_def_v(l)%j(m)
494	k = surf_def_v(l)%k(m)
495	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_def_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
496	/ ( kappa * surf_def_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
497	ENDDO
498	!
499	!-- Natural surfaces
500	DO m = 1, surf_lsm_v(l)%ns
501	i = surf_lsm_v(l)%i(m)
502	j = surf_lsm_v(l)%j(m)
503	k = surf_lsm_v(l)%k(m)
504	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_lsm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
505	/ ( kappa * surf_lsm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
506	ENDDO
507	!
508	!-- Urban surfaces
509	DO m = 1, surf_usm_v(l)%ns
510	i = surf_usm_v(l)%i(m)
511	j = surf_usm_v(l)%j(m)
512	k = surf_usm_v(l)%k(m)
513	diss_p(k,j,i) = surf_usm_v(l)%us(m)**3 &
514	/ ( kappa * surf_usm_v(l)%z_mo(m) )
515	ENDDO
516	ENDDO
517	!
518	!-- Limit change of diss to be between -90% and +100%. Also, set an absolute
519	!-- minimum value
520	DO i = nxl, nxr
521	DO j = nys, nyn
522	DO k = nzb, nzt+1
523	diss_p(k,j,i) = MAX( MIN( diss_p(k,j,i), &
524	2.0_wp * diss(k,j,i) ), &
525	0.1_wp * diss(k,j,i), &
526	0.0001_wp )
527	ENDDO
528	ENDDO
529	ENDDO
530
531	IF ( .NOT. child_domain ) THEN
532	diss_p(nzt+1,:,:) = diss_p(nzt,:,:)
533	ENDIF
534	ENDIF
535
536	!
537	!-- Boundary conditions for salinity
538	IF ( ocean_mode ) THEN
539	!
540	!-- Bottom boundary: Neumann condition because salinity flux is always
541	!-- given.
542	DO l = 0, 1
543	!
544	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
545	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
546	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
547	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
548	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
549	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
550	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
551	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
552	sa_p(k+kb,j,i) = sa_p(k,j,i)
553	ENDDO
554	ENDDO
555	!
556	!-- Top boundary: Dirichlet or Neumann
557	IF ( ibc_sa_t == 0 ) THEN
558	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa(nzt+1,:,:)
559	ELSEIF ( ibc_sa_t == 1 ) THEN
560	sa_p(nzt+1,:,:) = sa_p(nzt,:,:)
561	ENDIF
562
563	ENDIF
564
565	!
566	!-- Boundary conditions for total water content,
567	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
568	IF ( humidity ) THEN
569	!
570	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
571	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
572	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
573	!-- q_p at k-1
574	IF ( ibc_q_b == 0 ) THEN
575
576	DO l = 0, 1
577	!
578	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
579	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
580	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
581	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
582	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
583	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
584	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
585	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
586	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q(k+kb,j,i)
587	ENDDO
588	ENDDO
589
590	ELSE
591
592	DO l = 0, 1
593	!
594	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
595	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
596	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
597	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
598	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
599	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
600	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
601	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
602	q_p(k+kb,j,i) = q_p(k,j,i)
603	ENDDO
604	ENDDO
605	ENDIF
606	!
607	!-- Top boundary
608	IF ( ibc_q_t == 0 ) THEN
609	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q(nzt+1,:,:)
610	ELSEIF ( ibc_q_t == 1 ) THEN
611	q_p(nzt+1,:,:) = q_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_q_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
612	ENDIF
613
614	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
615	!
616	!-- Surface conditions cloud water (Dirichlet)
617	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
618	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
619	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
620	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
621	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
622	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
623	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
624	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
625	qc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
626	nc_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
627	ENDDO
628	!
629	!-- Top boundary condition for cloud water (Dirichlet)
630	qc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
631	nc_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
632
633	ENDIF
634
635	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
636	!
637	!-- Surface conditions rain water (Dirichlet)
638	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
639	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
640	!-- qr_p and nr_p at k-1
641	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
642	DO m = 1, bc_h(0)%ns
643	i = bc_h(0)%i(m)
644	j = bc_h(0)%j(m)
645	k = bc_h(0)%k(m)
646	qr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
647	nr_p(k-1,j,i) = 0.0_wp
648	ENDDO
649	!
650	!-- Top boundary condition for rain water (Dirichlet)
651	qr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
652	nr_p(nzt+1,:,:) = 0.0_wp
653
654	ENDIF
655	ENDIF
656	!
657	!-- Boundary conditions for scalar,
658	!-- bottom and top boundary (see also temperature)
659	IF ( passive_scalar ) THEN
660	!
661	!-- Surface conditions for constant_humidity_flux
662	!-- Run loop over all non-natural and natural walls. Note, in wall-datatype
663	!-- the k coordinate belongs to the atmospheric grid point, therefore, set
664	!-- s_p at k-1
665	IF ( ibc_s_b == 0 ) THEN
666
667	DO l = 0, 1
668	!
669	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
670	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
671	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
672	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
673	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
674	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
675	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
676	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
677	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s(k+kb,j,i)
678	ENDDO
679	ENDDO
680
681	ELSE
682
683	DO l = 0, 1
684	!
685	!-- Set kb, for upward-facing surfaces value at topography top (k-1) is set,
686	!-- for downward-facing surfaces at topography bottom (k+1).
687	kb = MERGE( -1, 1, l == 0 )
688	!$OMP PARALLEL DO PRIVATE( i, j, k )
689	DO m = 1, bc_h(l)%ns
690	i = bc_h(l)%i(m)
691	j = bc_h(l)%j(m)
692	k = bc_h(l)%k(m)
693	s_p(k+kb,j,i) = s_p(k,j,i)
694	ENDDO
695	ENDDO
696	ENDIF
697	!
698	!-- Top boundary condition
699	IF ( ibc_s_t == 0 ) THEN
700	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s(nzt+1,:,:)
701	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 1 ) THEN
702	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:)
703	ELSEIF ( ibc_s_t == 2 ) THEN
704	s_p(nzt+1,:,:) = s_p(nzt,:,:) + bc_s_t_val * dzu(nzt+1)
705	ENDIF
706
707	ENDIF
708	!
709	!-- Top/bottom boundary conditions for chemical species
710	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_bottomtop' )
711	!
712	!-- In case of inflow or nest boundary at the south boundary the boundary for v
713	!-- is at nys and in case of inflow or nest boundary at the left boundary the
714	!-- boundary for u is at nxl. Since in prognostic_equations (cache optimized
715	!-- version) these levels are handled as a prognostic level, boundary values
716	!-- have to be restored here.
717	!-- For the SGS-TKE, Neumann boundary conditions are used at the inflow.
718	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
719	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
720	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
721	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_n ) THEN
722	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
723	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
724	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
725	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
726	ELSEIF ( bc_dirichlet_r ) THEN
727	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
728	ENDIF
729
730	!
731	!-- The same restoration for u at i=nxl and v at j=nys as above must be made
732	!-- in case of nest boundaries. This must not be done in case of vertical nesting
733	!-- mode as in that case the lateral boundaries are actually cyclic.
734	IF ( nesting_mode /= 'vertical' .OR. nesting_offline ) THEN
735	IF ( bc_dirichlet_s ) THEN
736	v_p(:,nys,:) = v_p(:,nys-1,:)
737	ENDIF
738	IF ( bc_dirichlet_l ) THEN
739	u_p(:,:,nxl) = u_p(:,:,nxl-1)
740	ENDIF
741	ENDIF
742
743	!
744	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for scalar quantities at the outflow
745	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
746	pt_p(:,nys-1,:) = pt_p(:,nys,:)
747	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nys-1,:) = e_p(:,nys,:)
748	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nys-1,:) = diss_p(:,nys,:)
749	IF ( humidity ) THEN
750	q_p(:,nys-1,:) = q_p(:,nys,:)
751	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
752	qc_p(:,nys-1,:) = qc_p(:,nys,:)
753	nc_p(:,nys-1,:) = nc_p(:,nys,:)
754	ENDIF
755	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
756	qr_p(:,nys-1,:) = qr_p(:,nys,:)
757	nr_p(:,nys-1,:) = nr_p(:,nys,:)
758	ENDIF
759	ENDIF
760	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nys-1,:) = s_p(:,nys,:)
761	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
762	pt_p(:,nyn+1,:) = pt_p(:,nyn,:)
763	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,nyn+1,:) = e_p(:,nyn,:)
764	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,nyn+1,:) = diss_p(:,nyn,:)
765	IF ( humidity ) THEN
766	q_p(:,nyn+1,:) = q_p(:,nyn,:)
767	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
768	qc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qc_p(:,nyn,:)
769	nc_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nc_p(:,nyn,:)
770	ENDIF
771	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
772	qr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = qr_p(:,nyn,:)
773	nr_p(:,nyn+1,:) = nr_p(:,nyn,:)
774	ENDIF
775	ENDIF
776	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,nyn+1,:) = s_p(:,nyn,:)
777	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
778	pt_p(:,:,nxl-1) = pt_p(:,:,nxl)
779	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxl-1) = e_p(:,:,nxl)
780	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxl-1) = diss_p(:,:,nxl)
781	IF ( humidity ) THEN
782	q_p(:,:,nxl-1) = q_p(:,:,nxl)
783	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
784	qc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qc_p(:,:,nxl)
785	nc_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nc_p(:,:,nxl)
786	ENDIF
787	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
788	qr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = qr_p(:,:,nxl)
789	nr_p(:,:,nxl-1) = nr_p(:,:,nxl)
790	ENDIF
791	ENDIF
792	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxl-1) = s_p(:,:,nxl)
793	ELSEIF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
794	pt_p(:,:,nxr+1) = pt_p(:,:,nxr)
795	IF ( .NOT. constant_diffusion ) e_p(:,:,nxr+1) = e_p(:,:,nxr)
796	IF ( rans_tke_e ) diss_p(:,:,nxr+1) = diss_p(:,:,nxr)
797	IF ( humidity ) THEN
798	q_p(:,:,nxr+1) = q_p(:,:,nxr)
799	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_morrison ) THEN
800	qc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qc_p(:,:,nxr)
801	nc_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nc_p(:,:,nxr)
802	ENDIF
803	IF ( bulk_cloud_model .AND. microphysics_seifert ) THEN
804	qr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = qr_p(:,:,nxr)
805	nr_p(:,:,nxr+1) = nr_p(:,:,nxr)
806	ENDIF
807	ENDIF
808	IF ( passive_scalar ) s_p(:,:,nxr+1) = s_p(:,:,nxr)
809	ENDIF
810
811	!
812	!-- Lateral boundary conditions for chemical species
813	IF ( air_chemistry ) CALL chem_boundary_conds( 'set_bc_lateral' )
814
815	!
816	!-- Radiation boundary conditions for the velocities at the respective outflow.
817	!-- The phase velocity is either assumed to the maximum phase velocity that
818	!-- ensures numerical stability (CFL-condition) or calculated after
819	!-- Orlanski(1976) and averaged along the outflow boundary.
820	IF ( bc_radiation_s ) THEN
821
822	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
823	u_p(:,-1,:) = u(:,0,:)
824	v_p(:,0,:) = v(:,1,:)
825	w_p(:,-1,:) = w(:,0,:)
826	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
827
828	c_max = dy / dt_3d
829
830	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
831	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
832	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
833
834	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
835	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
836	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
837
838	!
839	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
840	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
841	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
842	DO i = nxl, nxr
843
844	denom = u_m_s(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,1,i)
845
846	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
847	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,0,i) - u_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
848	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
849	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
850	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
851	c_u(k,i) = c_max
852	ENDIF
853	ELSE
854	c_u(k,i) = c_max
855	ENDIF
856
857	denom = v_m_s(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,2,i)
858
859	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
860	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,1,i) - v_m_s(k,1,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
861	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
862	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
863	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
864	c_v(k,i) = c_max
865	ENDIF
866	ELSE
867	c_v(k,i) = c_max
868	ENDIF
869
870	denom = w_m_s(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,1,i)
871
872	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
873	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,0,i) - w_m_s(k,0,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
874	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
875	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
876	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
877	c_w(k,i) = c_max
878	ENDIF
879	ELSE
880	c_w(k,i) = c_max
881	ENDIF
882
883	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
884	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
885	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
886
887	ENDDO
888	ENDDO
889
890	#if defined( __parallel )
891	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
892	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
893	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
894	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
895	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
896	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
897	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
898	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
899	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
900	#else
901	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
902	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
903	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
904	#endif
905
906	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
907	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
908	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
909
910	!
911	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
912	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
913	u_m_s(:,:,:) = u(:,0:1,:)
914	v_m_s(:,:,:) = v(:,1:2,:)
915	w_m_s(:,:,:) = w(:,0:1,:)
916	ENDIF
917
918	!
919	!-- Calculate the new velocities
920	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
921	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
922	u_p(k,-1,i) = u(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
923	( u(k,-1,i) - u(k,0,i) ) * ddy
924
925	v_p(k,0,i) = v(k,0,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
926	( v(k,0,i) - v(k,1,i) ) * ddy
927
928	w_p(k,-1,i) = w(k,-1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
929	( w(k,-1,i) - w(k,0,i) ) * ddy
930	ENDDO
931	ENDDO
932
933	!
934	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
935	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
936	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
937	v_p(nzb,0,:) = 0.0_wp
938	ELSE
939	u_p(nzb,-1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,-1,:)
940	v_p(nzb,0,:) = v_p(nzb+1,0,:)
941	ENDIF
942	w_p(nzb,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
943
944	!
945	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
946	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
947	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
948	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
949	ELSE
950	u_p(nzt+1,-1,:) = u_p(nzt,-1,:)
951	v_p(nzt+1,0,:) = v_p(nzt,0,:)
952	ENDIF
953	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,-1,:) = 0.0_wp
954
955	ENDIF
956
957	ENDIF
958
959	IF ( bc_radiation_n ) THEN
960
961	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
962	u_p(:,ny+1,:) = u(:,ny,:)
963	v_p(:,ny+1,:) = v(:,ny,:)
964	w_p(:,ny+1,:) = w(:,ny,:)
965	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
966
967	c_max = dy / dt_3d
968
969	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
970	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
971	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
972
973	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
974	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
975	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
976
977	!
978	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
979	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
980	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
981	DO i = nxl, nxr
982
983	denom = u_m_n(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
984
985	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
986	c_u(k,i) = -c_max * ( u(k,ny,i) - u_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
987	IF ( c_u(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
988	c_u(k,i) = 0.0_wp
989	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
990	c_u(k,i) = c_max
991	ENDIF
992	ELSE
993	c_u(k,i) = c_max
994	ENDIF
995
996	denom = v_m_n(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
997
998	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
999	c_v(k,i) = -c_max * ( v(k,ny,i) - v_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1000	IF ( c_v(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1001	c_v(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1002	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1003	c_v(k,i) = c_max
1004	ENDIF
1005	ELSE
1006	c_v(k,i) = c_max
1007	ENDIF
1008
1009	denom = w_m_n(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny-1,i)
1010
1011	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1012	c_w(k,i) = -c_max * ( w(k,ny,i) - w_m_n(k,ny,i) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1013	IF ( c_w(k,i) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1014	c_w(k,i) = 0.0_wp
1015	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,i) > c_max ) THEN
1016	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1017	ENDIF
1018	ELSE
1019	c_w(k,i) = c_max
1020	ENDIF
1021
1022	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,i)
1023	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,i)
1024	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,i)
1025
1026	ENDDO
1027	ENDDO
1028
1029	#if defined( __parallel )
1030	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1031	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1032	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1033	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1034	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1035	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1036	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dx, ierr )
1037	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1038	MPI_SUM, comm1dx, ierr )
1039	#else
1040	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1041	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1042	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1043	#endif
1044
1045	c_u_m = c_u_m / (nx+1)
1046	c_v_m = c_v_m / (nx+1)
1047	c_w_m = c_w_m / (nx+1)
1048
1049	!
1050	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1051	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1052	u_m_n(:,:,:) = u(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1053	v_m_n(:,:,:) = v(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1054	w_m_n(:,:,:) = w(:,ny-1:ny,:)
1055	ENDIF
1056
1057	!
1058	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1059	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1060	DO i = nxlg, nxrg
1061	u_p(k,ny+1,i) = u(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1062	( u(k,ny+1,i) - u(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1063
1064	v_p(k,ny+1,i) = v(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1065	( v(k,ny+1,i) - v(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1066
1067	w_p(k,ny+1,i) = w(k,ny+1,i) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1068	( w(k,ny+1,i) - w(k,ny,i) ) * ddy
1069	ENDDO
1070	ENDDO
1071
1072	!
1073	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1074	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1075	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1076	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1077	ELSE
1078	u_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1079	v_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzb+1,ny+1,:)
1080	ENDIF
1081	w_p(nzb,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1082
1083	!
1084	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1085	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1086	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_init(nzt+1)
1087	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_init(nzt+1)
1088	ELSE
1089	u_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = u_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1090	v_p(nzt+1,ny+1,:) = v_p(nzt,nyn+1,:)
1091	ENDIF
1092	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,ny+1,:) = 0.0_wp
1093
1094	ENDIF
1095
1096	ENDIF
1097
1098	IF ( bc_radiation_l ) THEN
1099
1100	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1101	u_p(:,:,0) = u(:,:,1)
1102	v_p(:,:,-1) = v(:,:,0)
1103	w_p(:,:,-1) = w(:,:,0)
1104	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1105
1106	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1107
1108	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1109	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1110	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1111
1112	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1113	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1114	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1115
1116	!
1117	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1118	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1119	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1120	DO j = nys, nyn
1121
1122	denom = u_m_l(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,2)
1123
1124	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1125	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,1) - u_m_l(k,j,1) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1126	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1127	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1128	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1129	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1130	ENDIF
1131	ELSE
1132	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1133	ENDIF
1134
1135	denom = v_m_l(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,1)
1136
1137	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1138	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,0) - v_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1139	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1140	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1141	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1142	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1143	ENDIF
1144	ELSE
1145	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1146	ENDIF
1147
1148	denom = w_m_l(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,1)
1149
1150	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1151	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,0) - w_m_l(k,j,0) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1152	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1153	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1154	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1155	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1156	ENDIF
1157	ELSE
1158	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1159	ENDIF
1160
1161	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1162	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1163	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1164
1165	ENDDO
1166	ENDDO
1167
1168	#if defined( __parallel )
1169	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1170	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1171	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1172	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1173	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1174	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1175	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1176	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1177	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1178	#else
1179	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1180	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1181	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1182	#endif
1183
1184	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1185	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1186	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1187
1188	!
1189	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1190	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1191	u_m_l(:,:,:) = u(:,:,1:2)
1192	v_m_l(:,:,:) = v(:,:,0:1)
1193	w_m_l(:,:,:) = w(:,:,0:1)
1194	ENDIF
1195
1196	!
1197	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1198	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1199	DO j = nysg, nyng
1200	u_p(k,j,0) = u(k,j,0) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1201	( u(k,j,0) - u(k,j,1) ) * ddx
1202
1203	v_p(k,j,-1) = v(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1204	( v(k,j,-1) - v(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1205
1206	w_p(k,j,-1) = w(k,j,-1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1207	( w(k,j,-1) - w(k,j,0) ) * ddx
1208	ENDDO
1209	ENDDO
1210
1211	!
1212	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1213	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1214	u_p(nzb,:,0) = 0.0_wp
1215	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1216	ELSE
1217	u_p(nzb,:,0) = u_p(nzb+1,:,0)
1218	v_p(nzb,:,-1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,-1)
1219	ENDIF
1220	w_p(nzb,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1221
1222	!
1223	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1224	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1225	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_init(nzt+1)
1226	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1227	ELSE
1228	u_p(nzt+1,:,0) = u_p(nzt,:,0)
1229	v_p(nzt+1,:,-1) = v_p(nzt,:,-1)
1230	ENDIF
1231	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,-1) = 0.0_wp
1232
1233	ENDIF
1234
1235	ENDIF
1236
1237	IF ( bc_radiation_r ) THEN
1238
1239	IF ( use_cmax ) THEN
1240	u_p(:,:,nx+1) = u(:,:,nx)
1241	v_p(:,:,nx+1) = v(:,:,nx)
1242	w_p(:,:,nx+1) = w(:,:,nx)
1243	ELSEIF ( .NOT. use_cmax ) THEN
1244
1245	c_max = dx / dt_3d
1246
1247	c_u_m_l = 0.0_wp
1248	c_v_m_l = 0.0_wp
1249	c_w_m_l = 0.0_wp
1250
1251	c_u_m = 0.0_wp
1252	c_v_m = 0.0_wp
1253	c_w_m = 0.0_wp
1254
1255	!
1256	!-- Calculate the phase speeds for u, v, and w, first local and then
1257	!-- average along the outflow boundary.
1258	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1259	DO j = nys, nyn
1260
1261	denom = u_m_r(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1262
1263	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1264	c_u(k,j) = -c_max * ( u(k,j,nx) - u_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1265	IF ( c_u(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1266	c_u(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1267	ELSEIF ( c_u(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1268	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1269	ENDIF
1270	ELSE
1271	c_u(k,j) = c_max
1272	ENDIF
1273
1274	denom = v_m_r(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1275
1276	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1277	c_v(k,j) = -c_max * ( v(k,j,nx) - v_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1278	IF ( c_v(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1279	c_v(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1280	ELSEIF ( c_v(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1281	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1282	ENDIF
1283	ELSE
1284	c_v(k,j) = c_max
1285	ENDIF
1286
1287	denom = w_m_r(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx-1)
1288
1289	IF ( denom /= 0.0_wp ) THEN
1290	c_w(k,j) = -c_max * ( w(k,j,nx) - w_m_r(k,j,nx) ) / ( denom * tsc(2) )
1291	IF ( c_w(k,j) < 0.0_wp ) THEN
1292	c_w(k,j) = 0.0_wp
1293	ELSEIF ( c_w(k,j) > c_max ) THEN
1294	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1295	ENDIF
1296	ELSE
1297	c_w(k,j) = c_max
1298	ENDIF
1299
1300	c_u_m_l(k) = c_u_m_l(k) + c_u(k,j)
1301	c_v_m_l(k) = c_v_m_l(k) + c_v(k,j)
1302	c_w_m_l(k) = c_w_m_l(k) + c_w(k,j)
1303
1304	ENDDO
1305	ENDDO
1306
1307	#if defined( __parallel )
1308	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1309	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_u_m_l(nzb+1), c_u_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1310	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1311	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1312	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_v_m_l(nzb+1), c_v_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1313	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1314	IF ( collective_wait ) CALL MPI_BARRIER( comm1dy, ierr )
1315	CALL MPI_ALLREDUCE( c_w_m_l(nzb+1), c_w_m(nzb+1), nzt-nzb, MPI_REAL, &
1316	MPI_SUM, comm1dy, ierr )
1317	#else
1318	c_u_m = c_u_m_l
1319	c_v_m = c_v_m_l
1320	c_w_m = c_w_m_l
1321	#endif
1322
1323	c_u_m = c_u_m / (ny+1)
1324	c_v_m = c_v_m / (ny+1)
1325	c_w_m = c_w_m / (ny+1)
1326
1327	!
1328	!-- Save old timelevels for the next timestep
1329	IF ( intermediate_timestep_count == 1 ) THEN
1330	u_m_r(:,:,:) = u(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1331	v_m_r(:,:,:) = v(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1332	w_m_r(:,:,:) = w(:,:,nx-1:nx)
1333	ENDIF
1334
1335	!
1336	!-- Calculate the new velocities
1337	DO k = nzb+1, nzt+1
1338	DO j = nysg, nyng
1339	u_p(k,j,nx+1) = u(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_u_m(k) * &
1340	( u(k,j,nx+1) - u(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1341
1342	v_p(k,j,nx+1) = v(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_v_m(k) * &
1343	( v(k,j,nx+1) - v(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1344
1345	w_p(k,j,nx+1) = w(k,j,nx+1) - dt_3d * tsc(2) * c_w_m(k) * &
1346	( w(k,j,nx+1) - w(k,j,nx) ) * ddx
1347	ENDDO
1348	ENDDO
1349
1350	!
1351	!-- Bottom boundary at the outflow
1352	IF ( ibc_uv_b == 0 ) THEN
1353	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1354	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1355	ELSE
1356	u_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1357	v_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzb+1,:,nx+1)
1358	ENDIF
1359	w_p(nzb,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1360
1361	!
1362	!-- Top boundary at the outflow
1363	IF ( ibc_uv_t == 0 ) THEN
1364	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_init(nzt+1)
1365	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_init(nzt+1)
1366	ELSE
1367	u_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = u_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1368	v_p(nzt+1,:,nx+1) = v_p(nzt,:,nx+1)
1369	ENDIF
1370	w_p(nzt:nzt+1,:,nx+1) = 0.0_wp
1371
1372	ENDIF
1373
1374	ENDIF
1375
1376	END SUBROUTINE boundary_conds

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