1 | !> @file biometeorology_PET.f90 |
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2 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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3 | ! This file is part of PALM-4U. |
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4 | ! |
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5 | ! PALM-4U is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the |
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6 | ! terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software |
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7 | ! Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later |
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8 | ! version. |
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9 | ! |
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10 | ! PALM-4U is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY |
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11 | ! WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR |
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12 | ! A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. |
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13 | ! |
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14 | ! You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with |
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15 | ! PALM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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16 | ! |
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17 | ! Copyright 2019, Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) / |
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18 | ! German Meteorological Service (DWD) |
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19 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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20 | ! |
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21 | ! Current revisions: 003 |
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22 | ! ----------------- |
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23 | ! |
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24 | ! |
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25 | ! Former revisions: 001 |
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26 | ! ----------------- |
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27 | ! $Id$ |
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28 | ! Initial revision 001 |
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29 | ! |
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30 | ! |
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31 | ! |
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32 | ! Authors: |
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33 | ! -------- |
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34 | ! @author Peter Höppe (original author) |
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35 | ! @author Dominik Froehlich <dominik.froehlich@dwd.de> (PALM modification) |
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36 | ! |
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37 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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38 | MODULE biometeorology_pet_mod |
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39 | |
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40 | !-- Load required variables from existing modules |
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41 | USE kinds !< to set precision of INTEGER and REAL according to PALM |
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42 | |
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43 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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44 | |
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45 | PRIVATE |
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46 | |
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47 | !-- Internal constants: |
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48 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: po = 1013.25_wp !< Air pressure at sea level (hPa) |
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49 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: rob = 1.06_wp !< |
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50 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cb = 3640._wp !< |
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51 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: food = 0._wp !< Heat gain by food (W) |
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52 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: emsk = 0.99_wp !< Longwave emission coef. of skin |
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53 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: emcl = 0.95_wp !< Longwave emission coef. of cloth |
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54 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: evap = 2.42_wp * 10._wp **6._wp !< |
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55 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: sigm = 5.67_wp * 10._wp **(-8._wp) !< Stefan-Boltzmann-Const. |
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56 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cair = 1010._wp !< |
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57 | REAL(wp), PARAMETER :: cels_offs = 273.15_wp !< Kelvin Celsius Offset (K) |
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58 | |
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59 | !-- Internal variables: |
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60 | REAL(wp) :: h !< Internal heat (W) |
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61 | |
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62 | !-- MEMI configuration |
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63 | REAL(wp) :: age !< Persons age (a) |
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64 | REAL(wp) :: mbody !< Persons body mass (kg) |
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65 | REAL(wp) :: ht !< Persons height (m) |
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66 | REAL(wp) :: work !< Work load (W) |
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67 | REAL(wp) :: eta !< Work efficiency (dimensionless) |
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68 | REAL(wp) :: icl !< Clothing insulation index (clo) |
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69 | REAL(wp) :: fcl !< Surface area modification by clothing (factor) |
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70 | INTEGER(iwp) :: pos !< Posture: 1 = standing, 2 = sitting |
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71 | INTEGER(iwp) :: sex !< Sex: 1 = male, 2 = female |
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72 | |
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73 | PUBLIC calculate_pet_static |
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74 | |
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75 | !-- PALM interfaces: |
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76 | INTERFACE calculate_pet_static |
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77 | MODULE PROCEDURE calculate_pet_static |
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78 | END INTERFACE calculate_pet_static |
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79 | |
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80 | CONTAINS |
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81 | |
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82 | |
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83 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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84 | ! |
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85 | ! Description: |
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86 | ! ------------ |
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87 | !> Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), |
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88 | ! stationary (calculated based on MEMI), |
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89 | ! Subroutine based on PETBER vers. 1.5.1996 by P. Hoeppe |
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90 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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91 | |
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92 | SUBROUTINE calculate_pet_static( ta, vpa, v, tmrt, p, tx ) |
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93 | |
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94 | IMPLICIT NONE |
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95 | |
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96 | !-- Input arguments: |
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97 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: ta !< Air temperature (°C) |
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98 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: tmrt !< Mean radiant temperature (°C) |
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99 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: v !< Wind speed (m/s) |
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100 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: vpa !< Vapor pressure (hPa) |
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101 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: p !< Air pressure (hPa) |
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102 | |
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103 | !-- Output arguments: |
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104 | REAL(wp), INTENT ( OUT ) :: tx !< PET (°C) |
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105 | |
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106 | !-- Internal variables: |
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107 | REAL(wp) :: acl |
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108 | REAL(wp) :: adu |
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109 | REAL(wp) :: aeff |
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110 | REAL(wp) :: ere |
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111 | REAL(wp) :: erel |
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112 | REAL(wp) :: esw |
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113 | REAL(wp) :: facl |
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114 | REAL(wp) :: feff |
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115 | REAL(wp) :: rdcl |
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116 | REAL(wp) :: rdsk |
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117 | REAL(wp) :: rtv |
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118 | REAL(wp) :: vpts |
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119 | REAL(wp) :: tsk |
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120 | REAL(wp) :: tcl |
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121 | REAL(wp) :: wetsk |
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122 | |
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123 | !-- Configuration |
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124 | age = 35._wp |
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125 | mbody = 75._wp |
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126 | ht = 1.75_wp |
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127 | work = 80._wp |
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128 | eta = 0._wp |
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129 | icl = 0.9_wp |
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130 | fcl = 1.15_wp |
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131 | |
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132 | !-- Call subfunctions |
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133 | CALL in_body ( ere, erel, p, rtv, ta, vpa ) |
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134 | |
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135 | CALL heat_exch ( acl, adu, aeff, ere, erel, esw, facl, feff, & |
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136 | p, rdcl, rdsk, ta, tcl, tmrt, tsk, v, vpa, vpts, wetsk ) |
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137 | |
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138 | CALL pet_iteration ( acl, adu, aeff, esw, facl, feff, p, rdcl, & |
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139 | rdsk, rtv, ta, tcl, tsk, tx, vpts, wetsk ) |
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140 | |
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141 | |
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142 | END SUBROUTINE calculate_pet_static |
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143 | |
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144 | |
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145 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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146 | ! Description: |
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147 | ! ------------ |
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148 | !> Calculate internal energy ballance |
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149 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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150 | SUBROUTINE in_body ( ere, erel, p, rtv, ta, vpa ) |
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151 | |
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152 | !-- Input arguments: |
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153 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: p !< air pressure (hPa) |
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154 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: ta !< air temperature (°C) |
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155 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: vpa !< vapor pressure (hPa) |
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156 | |
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157 | !-- Output arguments: |
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158 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: ere !< energy ballance (W) |
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159 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: erel !< latent energy ballance (W) |
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160 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: rtv !< |
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161 | |
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162 | !-- Internal variables: |
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163 | REAL(wp) :: eres |
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164 | REAL(wp) :: met |
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165 | REAL(wp) :: tex |
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166 | REAL(wp) :: vpex |
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167 | |
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168 | met = 3.45_wp * mbody ** ( 3._wp / 4._wp ) * (1._wp + 0.004_wp * & |
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169 | ( 30._wp - age) + 0.010_wp * ( ( ht * 100._wp / & |
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170 | ( mbody ** ( 1._wp / 3._wp ) ) ) - 43.4_wp ) ) |
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171 | |
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172 | met = work + met |
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173 | |
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174 | h = met * (1._wp - eta) |
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175 | |
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176 | !-- Sensible respiration energy |
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177 | tex = 0.47_wp * ta + 21.0_wp |
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178 | rtv = 1.44_wp * 10._wp ** (-6._wp) * met |
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179 | eres = cair * (ta - tex) * rtv |
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180 | |
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181 | !-- Latent respiration energy |
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182 | vpex = 6.11_wp * 10._wp ** ( 7.45_wp * tex / ( 235._wp + tex ) ) |
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183 | erel = 0.623_wp * evap / p * ( vpa - vpex ) * rtv |
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184 | |
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185 | !-- Sum of the results |
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186 | ere = eres + erel |
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187 | |
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188 | END SUBROUTINE in_body |
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189 | |
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190 | |
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191 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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192 | ! Description: |
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193 | ! ------------ |
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194 | !> Calculate heat gain or loss |
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195 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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196 | SUBROUTINE heat_exch ( acl, adu, aeff, ere, erel, esw, facl, feff, & |
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197 | p, rdcl, rdsk, ta, tcl, tmrt, tsk, v, vpa, vpts, wetsk ) |
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198 | |
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199 | |
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200 | !-- Input arguments: |
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201 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: ere !< Energy ballance (W) |
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202 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: erel !< Latent energy ballance (W) |
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203 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: p !< Air pressure (hPa) |
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204 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: ta !< Air temperature (°C) |
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205 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: tmrt !< Mean radiant temperature (°C) |
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206 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: v !< Wind speed (m/s) |
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207 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: vpa !< Vapor pressure (hPa) |
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208 | |
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209 | !-- Output arguments: |
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210 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: acl !< Clothing surface area (m²) |
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211 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: adu !< Du-Bois area (m²) |
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212 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: aeff !< Effective surface area (m²) |
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213 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: esw !< Energy-loss through sweat evap. (W) |
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214 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: facl !< Surface area extension through clothing (factor) |
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215 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: feff !< Surface modification by posture (factor) |
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216 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: rdcl !< Diffusion resistence of clothing (factor) |
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217 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: rdsk !< Diffusion resistence of skin (factor) |
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218 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: tcl !< Clothing temperature (°C) |
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219 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: tsk !< Skin temperature (°C) |
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220 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: vpts !< Sat. vapor pressure over skin (hPa) |
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221 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: wetsk !< Fraction of wet skin (dimensionless) |
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222 | |
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223 | !-- Internal variables |
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224 | REAL(wp) :: c(0:10) |
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225 | REAL(wp) :: cbare |
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226 | REAL(wp) :: cclo |
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227 | REAL(wp) :: csum |
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228 | REAL(wp) :: di |
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229 | REAL(wp) :: ed |
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230 | REAL(wp) :: enbal |
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231 | REAL(wp) :: enbal2 |
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232 | REAL(wp) :: eswdif |
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233 | REAL(wp) :: eswphy |
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234 | REAL(wp) :: eswpot |
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235 | REAL(wp) :: fec |
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236 | REAL(wp) :: hc |
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237 | REAL(wp) :: he |
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238 | REAL(wp) :: htcl |
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239 | REAL(wp) :: r1 |
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240 | REAL(wp) :: r2 |
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241 | REAL(wp) :: rbare |
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242 | REAL(wp) :: rcl |
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243 | REAL(wp) :: rclo |
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244 | REAL(wp) :: rclo2 |
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245 | REAL(wp) :: rsum |
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246 | REAL(wp) :: sw |
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247 | REAL(wp) :: swf |
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248 | REAL(wp) :: swm |
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249 | REAL(wp) :: tbody |
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250 | REAL(wp) :: tcore(1:7) |
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251 | REAL(wp) :: vb |
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252 | REAL(wp) :: vb1 |
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253 | REAL(wp) :: vb2 |
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254 | REAL(wp) :: wd |
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255 | REAL(wp) :: wr |
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256 | REAL(wp) :: ws |
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257 | REAL(wp) :: wsum |
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258 | REAL(wp) :: xx |
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259 | REAL(wp) :: y |
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260 | INTEGER(iwp) :: count1 |
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261 | INTEGER(iwp) :: count3 |
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262 | INTEGER(iwp) :: j |
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263 | INTEGER(iwp) :: i |
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264 | LOGICAL :: skipIncreaseCount |
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265 | |
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266 | wetsk = 0._wp |
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267 | adu = 0.203_wp * mbody ** 0.425_wp * ht ** 0.725_wp |
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268 | |
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269 | hc = 2.67_wp + ( 6.5_wp * v ** 0.67_wp) |
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270 | hc = hc * (p /po) ** 0.55_wp |
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271 | feff = 0.725_wp !< Posture: 0.725 for stading |
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272 | facl = (- 2.36_wp + 173.51_wp * icl - 100.76_wp * icl * icl + 19.28_wp & |
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273 | * (icl ** 3._wp)) / 100._wp |
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274 | |
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275 | IF ( facl > 1._wp ) facl = 1._wp |
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276 | rcl = ( icl / 6.45_wp ) / facl |
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277 | IF ( icl >= 2._wp ) y = 1._wp |
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278 | |
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279 | IF ( ( icl > 0.6_wp ) .AND. ( icl < 2._wp ) ) y = ( ht - 0.2_wp ) / ht |
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280 | IF ( ( icl <= 0.6_wp ) .AND. ( icl > 0.3_wp ) ) y = 0.5_wp |
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281 | IF ( ( icl <= 0.3_wp ) .AND. ( icl > 0._wp ) ) y = 0.1_wp |
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282 | |
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283 | r2 = adu * (fcl - 1._wp + facl) / (2._wp * 3.14_wp * ht * y) |
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284 | r1 = facl * adu / (2._wp * 3.14_wp * ht * y) |
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285 | |
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286 | di = r2 - r1 |
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287 | |
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288 | !-- Skin temperatur |
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289 | DO j = 1, 7 |
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290 | |
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291 | tsk = 34._wp |
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292 | count1 = 0_iwp |
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293 | tcl = ( ta + tmrt + tsk ) / 3._wp |
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294 | count3 = 1_iwp |
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295 | enbal2 = 0._wp |
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296 | |
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297 | DO i = 1, 100 ! allow for 100 iterations max |
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298 | acl = adu * facl + adu * ( fcl - 1._wp ) |
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299 | rclo2 = emcl * sigm * ( ( tcl + cels_offs )**4._wp - & |
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300 | ( tmrt + cels_offs )** 4._wp ) * feff |
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301 | htcl = 6.28_wp * ht * y * di / ( rcl * LOG( r2 / r1 ) * acl ) |
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302 | tsk = 1._wp / htcl * ( hc * ( tcl - ta ) + rclo2 ) + tcl |
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303 | |
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304 | !-- Radiation saldo |
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305 | aeff = adu * feff |
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306 | rbare = aeff * ( 1._wp - facl ) * emsk * sigm * & |
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307 | ( ( tmrt + cels_offs )** 4._wp - ( tsk + cels_offs )** 4._wp ) |
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308 | rclo = feff * acl * emcl * sigm * & |
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309 | ( ( tmrt + cels_offs )** 4._wp - ( tcl + cels_offs )** 4._wp ) |
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310 | rsum = rbare + rclo |
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311 | |
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312 | !-- Convection |
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313 | cbare = hc * ( ta - tsk ) * adu * ( 1._wp - facl ) |
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314 | cclo = hc * ( ta - tcl ) * acl |
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315 | csum = cbare + cclo |
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316 | |
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317 | !-- Core temperature |
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318 | c(0) = h + ere |
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319 | c(1) = adu * rob * cb |
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320 | c(2) = 18._wp - 0.5_wp * tsk |
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321 | c(3) = 5.28_wp * adu * c(2) |
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322 | c(4) = 0.0208_wp * c(1) |
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323 | c(5) = 0.76075_wp * c(1) |
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324 | c(6) = c(3) - c(5) - tsk * c(4) |
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325 | c(7) = - c(0) * c(2) - tsk * c(3) + tsk * c(5) |
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326 | c(8) = c(6) * c(6) - 4._wp * c(4) * c(7) |
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327 | c(9) = 5.28_wp * adu - c(5) - c(4) * tsk |
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328 | c(10) = c(9) * c(9) - 4._wp * c(4) * & |
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329 | ( c(5) * tsk - c(0) - 5.28_wp * adu * tsk ) |
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330 | |
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331 | IF ( tsk == 36._wp ) tsk = 36.01_wp |
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332 | tcore(7) = c(0) / ( 5.28_wp * adu + c(1) * 6.3_wp / 3600._wp ) + tsk |
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333 | tcore(3) = c(0) / ( 5.28_wp * adu + ( c(1) * 6.3_wp / 3600._wp ) / & |
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334 | ( 1._wp + 0.5_wp * ( 34._wp - tsk ) ) ) + tsk |
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335 | IF ( c(10) >= 0._wp ) THEN |
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336 | tcore(6) = ( - c(9) - c(10)**0.5_wp ) / ( 2._wp * c(4) ) |
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337 | tcore(1) = ( - c(9) + c(10)**0.5_wp ) / ( 2._wp * c(4) ) |
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338 | END IF |
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339 | |
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340 | IF ( c(8) >= 0._wp ) THEN |
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341 | tcore(2) = ( - c(6) + ABS( c(8) ) ** 0.5_wp ) / ( 2._wp * c(4) ) |
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342 | tcore(5) = ( - c(6) - ABS( c(8) ) ** 0.5_wp ) / ( 2._wp * c(4) ) |
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343 | tcore(4) = c(0) / ( 5.28_wp * adu + c(1) * 1._wp / 40._wp ) + tsk |
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344 | END IF |
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345 | |
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346 | !-- Transpiration |
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347 | tbody = 0.1_wp * tsk + 0.9_wp * tcore(j) |
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348 | swm = 304.94_wp * ( tbody - 36.6_wp ) * adu / 3600000._wp |
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349 | vpts = 6.11_wp * 10._wp**( 7.45_wp * tsk / ( 235._wp + tsk ) ) |
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350 | |
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351 | IF ( tbody <= 36.6_wp ) swm = 0._wp |
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352 | |
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353 | sw = swm |
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354 | eswphy = - sw * evap |
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355 | he = 0.633_wp * hc / ( p * cair ) |
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356 | fec = 1._wp / ( 1._wp + 0.92_wp * hc * rcl ) |
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357 | eswpot = he * ( vpa - vpts ) * adu * evap * fec |
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358 | wetsk = eswphy / eswpot |
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359 | |
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360 | IF ( wetsk > 1._wp ) wetsk = 1._wp |
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361 | |
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362 | eswdif = eswphy - eswpot |
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363 | |
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364 | IF ( eswdif <= 0._wp ) esw = eswpot |
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365 | IF ( eswdif > 0._wp ) esw = eswphy |
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366 | IF ( esw > 0._wp ) esw = 0._wp |
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367 | |
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368 | !-- Diffusion |
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369 | rdsk = 0.79_wp * 10._wp ** 7._wp |
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370 | rdcl = 0._wp |
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371 | ed = evap / ( rdsk + rdcl ) * adu * ( 1._wp - wetsk ) * ( vpa - & |
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372 | vpts ) |
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373 | |
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374 | !-- Max vb |
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375 | vb1 = 34._wp - tsk |
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376 | vb2 = tcore(j) - 36.6_wp |
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377 | |
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378 | IF ( vb2 < 0._wp ) vb2 = 0._wp |
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379 | IF ( vb1 < 0._wp ) vb1 = 0._wp |
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380 | vb = ( 6.3_wp + 75._wp * vb2 ) / ( 1._wp + 0.5_wp * vb1 ) |
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381 | |
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382 | !-- Energy ballence |
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383 | enbal = h + ed + ere + esw + csum + rsum + food |
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384 | |
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385 | !-- Clothing temperature |
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386 | xx = 0.001_wp |
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387 | IF ( count1 == 0_iwp ) xx = 1._wp |
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388 | IF ( count1 == 1_iwp ) xx = 0.1_wp |
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389 | IF ( count1 == 2_iwp ) xx = 0.01_wp |
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390 | IF ( count1 == 3_iwp ) xx = 0.001_wp |
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391 | |
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392 | IF ( enbal > 0._wp ) tcl = tcl + xx |
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393 | IF ( enbal < 0._wp ) tcl = tcl - xx |
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394 | |
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395 | skipIncreaseCount = .FALSE. |
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396 | IF ( ( (enbal <= 0._wp ) .AND. (enbal2 > 0._wp ) ) .OR. & |
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397 | ( ( enbal >= 0._wp ) .AND. ( enbal2 < 0._wp ) ) ) THEN |
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398 | skipIncreaseCount = .TRUE. |
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399 | ELSE |
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400 | enbal2 = enbal |
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401 | count3 = count3 + 1_iwp |
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402 | END IF |
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403 | |
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404 | IF ( ( count3 > 200_iwp ) .OR. skipIncreaseCount ) THEN |
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405 | IF ( count1 < 3_iwp ) THEN |
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406 | count1 = count1 + 1_iwp |
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407 | enbal2 = 0._wp |
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408 | ELSE |
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409 | EXIT |
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410 | END IF |
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411 | END IF |
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412 | END DO |
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413 | |
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414 | IF ( count1 == 3_iwp ) THEN |
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415 | SELECT CASE ( j ) |
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416 | CASE ( 2, 5) |
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417 | IF ( .NOT. ( ( tcore(j) >= 36.6_wp ) .AND. & |
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418 | ( tsk <= 34.050_wp ) ) ) CYCLE |
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419 | CASE ( 6, 1 ) |
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420 | IF ( c(10) < 0._wp ) CYCLE |
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421 | IF ( .NOT. ( ( tcore(j) >= 36.6_wp ) .AND. & |
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422 | ( tsk > 33.850_wp ) ) ) CYCLE |
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423 | CASE ( 3 ) |
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424 | IF ( .NOT. ( ( tcore(j) < 36.6_wp ) .AND. & |
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425 | ( tsk <= 34.000_wp ) ) ) CYCLE |
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426 | CASE ( 7 ) |
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427 | IF ( .NOT. ( ( tcore(j) < 36.6_wp ) .AND. & |
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428 | ( tsk > 34.000_wp ) ) ) CYCLE |
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429 | CASE default |
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430 | END SELECT |
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431 | END IF |
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432 | |
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433 | IF ( ( j /= 4_iwp ) .AND. ( vb >= 91._wp ) ) CYCLE |
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434 | IF ( ( j == 4_iwp ) .AND. ( vb < 89._wp ) ) CYCLE |
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435 | IF ( vb > 90._wp ) vb = 90._wp |
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436 | |
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437 | !-- Loses by water |
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438 | ws = sw * 3600._wp * 1000._wp |
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439 | IF ( ws > 2000._wp ) ws = 2000._wp |
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440 | wd = ed / evap * 3600._wp * ( -1000._wp ) |
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441 | wr = erel / evap * 3600._wp * ( -1000._wp ) |
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442 | |
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443 | wsum = ws + wr + wd |
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444 | |
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445 | RETURN |
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446 | END DO |
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447 | END SUBROUTINE heat_exch |
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448 | |
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449 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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450 | ! Description: |
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451 | ! ------------ |
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452 | !> Calculate PET |
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453 | !------------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
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454 | SUBROUTINE pet_iteration ( acl, adu, aeff, esw, facl, feff, p, rdcl, & |
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455 | rdsk, rtv, ta, tcl, tsk, tx, vpts, wetsk ) |
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456 | |
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457 | !-- Input arguments: |
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458 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: acl !< clothing surface area (m²) |
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459 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: adu !< Du-Bois area (m²) |
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460 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: esw !< energy-loss through sweat evap. (W) |
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461 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: facl !< surface area extension through clothing (factor) |
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462 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: feff !< surface modification by posture (factor) |
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463 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: p !< air pressure (hPa) |
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464 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: rdcl !< diffusion resistence of clothing (factor) |
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465 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: rdsk !< diffusion resistence of skin (factor) |
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466 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: rtv !< |
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467 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: ta !< air temperature (°C) |
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468 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: tcl !< clothing temperature (°C) |
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469 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: tsk !< skin temperature (°C) |
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470 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: vpts !< sat. vapor pressure over skin (hPa) |
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471 | REAL(wp), INTENT( IN ) :: wetsk !< fraction of wet skin (dimensionless) |
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472 | |
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473 | !-- Output arguments: |
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474 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: aeff !< effective surface area (m²) |
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475 | REAL(wp), INTENT( OUT ) :: tx !< PET (°C) |
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476 | |
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477 | !-- Internal variables |
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478 | REAL ( wp ) :: cbare |
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479 | REAL ( wp ) :: cclo |
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480 | REAL ( wp ) :: csum |
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481 | REAL ( wp ) :: ed |
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482 | REAL ( wp ) :: enbal |
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483 | REAL ( wp ) :: enbal2 |
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484 | REAL ( wp ) :: ere |
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485 | REAL ( wp ) :: erel |
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486 | REAL ( wp ) :: eres |
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487 | REAL ( wp ) :: hc |
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488 | REAL ( wp ) :: rbare |
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489 | REAL ( wp ) :: rclo |
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490 | REAL ( wp ) :: rsum |
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491 | REAL ( wp ) :: tex |
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492 | REAL ( wp ) :: vpex |
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493 | REAL ( wp ) :: xx |
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494 | |
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495 | INTEGER ( iwp ) :: count1 |
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496 | INTEGER ( iwp ) :: i |
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497 | |
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498 | tx = ta |
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499 | enbal2 = 0._wp |
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500 | |
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501 | DO count1 = 0, 3 |
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502 | DO i = 1, 125 ! 500 / 4 |
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503 | hc = 2.67_wp + 6.5_wp * 0.1_wp ** 0.67_wp |
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504 | hc = hc * ( p / po ) ** 0.55_wp |
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505 | |
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506 | !-- Radiation |
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507 | aeff = adu * feff |
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508 | rbare = aeff * ( 1._wp - facl ) * emsk * sigm * & |
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509 | ( ( tx + cels_offs ) ** 4._wp - ( tsk + cels_offs ) ** 4._wp ) |
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510 | rclo = feff * acl * emcl * sigm * & |
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511 | ( ( tx + cels_offs ) ** 4._wp - ( tcl + cels_offs ) ** 4._wp ) |
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512 | rsum = rbare + rclo |
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513 | |
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514 | !-- Covection |
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515 | cbare = hc * ( tx - tsk ) * adu * ( 1._wp - facl ) |
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516 | cclo = hc * ( tx - tcl ) * acl |
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517 | csum = cbare + cclo |
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518 | |
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519 | !-- Diffusion |
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520 | ed = evap / ( rdsk + rdcl ) * adu * ( 1._wp - wetsk ) * ( 12._wp - & |
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521 | vpts ) |
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522 | |
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523 | !-- Respiration |
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524 | tex = 0.47_wp * tx + 21._wp |
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525 | eres = cair * ( tx - tex ) * rtv |
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526 | vpex = 6.11_wp * 10._wp ** ( 7.45_wp * tex / ( 235._wp + tex ) ) |
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527 | erel = 0.623_wp * evap / p * ( 12._wp - vpex ) * rtv |
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528 | ere = eres + erel |
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529 | |
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530 | !-- Energy ballance |
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531 | enbal = h + ed + ere + esw + csum + rsum |
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532 | |
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533 | !-- Iteration concerning ta |
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534 | IF ( count1 == 0_iwp ) xx = 1._wp |
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535 | IF ( count1 == 1_iwp ) xx = 0.1_wp |
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536 | IF ( count1 == 2_iwp ) xx = 0.01_wp |
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537 | IF ( count1 == 3_iwp ) xx = 0.001_wp |
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538 | IF ( enbal > 0._wp ) tx = tx - xx |
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539 | IF ( enbal < 0._wp ) tx = tx + xx |
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540 | IF ( ( enbal <= 0._wp ) .AND. ( enbal2 > 0._wp ) ) EXIT |
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541 | IF ( ( enbal >= 0._wp ) .AND. ( enbal2 < 0._wp ) ) EXIT |
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542 | |
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543 | enbal2 = enbal |
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544 | END DO |
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545 | END DO |
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546 | END SUBROUTINE pet_iteration |
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547 | |
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548 | END MODULE biometeorology_pet_mod |
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